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641:(reigned c. 800–815) states that, during the reign of Meg-ag-tshoms, "shrines of the Three Jewels were established by building the temples at Kwa-cu and Mching-phu in Bragmar and so on". The temple at Kwa-chu was presumably built after the Tibetan sack of Guazhou in 727. However, the anti-Buddhist activities following the death of his Chinese wife, and some mention in the edicts of
1689:
628:
Annals record that, "the subject countries in the south, such as Nepal and others, all revolted." The rebellion was put down quickly as the
Tibetan Annals state that in 705, "the scion prince was crowned king and the grandmother Khri-ma-lod died at Drong"; that some rebels were put to death, and that
421:
and
Chinese sources have little to report on them. Lha apparently was not killed, but only forced into semiretirement. It was thus, perhaps, the "Retired Emperor" Lha who actually received and married the Chinese princess Chin-ch'eng in 710. In any event, Tibet experienced more internal unrest, and
562:(r. 712–756) stating that China and Tibet were equally great kingdoms and hoping that peace would endure. In 734 a pillar engraved with the treaty was erected, and although it was apparently torn down soon after, envoys travelled regularly between the Lhasa and
480:
sometime between 739 and 741. The rise of anti-Buddhist factions in Tibet following the death of the
Chinese princess began to blame the epidemic on the support of Buddhism by the king and queen. This forced the monks to flee once again; first to
441:(r. 705-710), was sent to Tibet in 710 where, according to most sources, she married Mes-ag-tshoms, who would have been only six or seven years old at the time. She was known in Tibet as Princess Gyim Shing or The Latter Chinese Princess Ong Cho (
548:(Arabs) to the west, and all this wealth fell into the hands of the Tibetans so that even ordinary Tibetans had fine Chinese silks to dress up in. However, the Chinese managed to drive the Tibetans away in 728, after a siege of eighty-days.
533:, in order to pass through. However, the Tibetans could have gone through Taglokan region and attacked Gilgit without needing to take Baltistan and Ladakh, as suggested by the paths and trade routes through Shaksgham and through Baltistan.
569:
In 736 Tibet again attacked Bru-sha (Gilgit), and the ruler came to Tibet to pay homage. Later that year the
Chinese also attacked Bru-sha, but in 740 the Tibetan princess Khri-ma-lod married the ruler of Bru-sha.
417:, and mother of Tridu Songtsen, "dethroned Lha in favor of the infant Rgyal Gtsug ru, the future Khri gtsug brtsan, popularly known as Mes ag tshoms. Revolts and executions accompanied the virtual coup, but the
1145:
Tenzin, Acharya Kirti Tulku
Lobsang. "Early Relations between Tibet and Nepal (7th to 8th Centuries)." Translated by K. Dhondup. The Tibet Journal, Vol. VII, Nos. 1 &2. Spring/Summer 1982, p. 85.
616:) in Yunnan, came to pay his respects to Mes-ag-tshoms. In 753 Mes-ag-tshoms sent him a golden diplomatic seal and in 754 and 756, Tibetan armies were sent to help the Nanzhao fight off the Chinese.
2453:
558:
In 730 a peace treaty with China was signed which established the border east of
Kokonor at the Chiling Pass in the Red Hills. In 733 Mes-ag-tshoms wrote to the Chinese emperor
1843:
580:, which the Tibetans had held for over sixty years. In 742 the Chinese also managed to recapture the formidable fortress of Shipu, near the border in the Red Hills.
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1813:
1342:
1921:
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The
Tibetan Empire in Central Asia: A History of the Struggle for Great Power among Tibetans, Turks, Arabs, and Chinese during the Early Middle Ages
536:
In 727 the king left to take control of the government of the 'Azha in hand. He then seized the important
Chinese fortress of Kva-cu or Guazhou at (
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3640:
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708:
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In 747 the
Chinese, under the command of general Gao Xianzhi (of Goguryeo descent), fought the Tibetans and forced them to leave the region.
2006:
1848:
629:"at Pong lag-rang, the elder prince was deposed from the throne" Mes-ag-tshoms spent the summers of 707–712, 718, 719, 722 and 723 in Bal.
211:
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Mes-ag-tshoms had two other wives, a noblewoman from the Nanam clan, Mang-mo-rje bZhi-steng, who died in 730, and a princess from 'Jang (
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Whatever the case, Mé Aktsom was crowned king in 705 CE, although he was not formally enthroned until the death of
Thrimalö in 712.
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1240:
390:, "he who would be crowned king" (i.e. Mes-ag-tshoms?) was born in the spring of 704, just a few months before his father died.
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544:, which contained supplies for all the Chinese-dominated territories as far as the Western Turks (Dru-gu) to the north and the
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states he was on his way to suppress tributary kingdoms on the southern borders of Tibet, including Nepal and parts of India.
4374:
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1273:. Translation and Facsimile Edition of the Tibetan Text. Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Wien 2000.
657:
Mes-ag-tshoms was apparently murdered in a palace revolt sponsored by two ministers in 755, as the pillar erected later at
4165:
3863:
3546:
1838:
1671:
463:, fleeing the persecutions of an anti-Buddhist king, were given refuge by Kim Sheng about 737. This story is recorded the
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report that in 722 the Tibetans attacked Gilgit (Tib. Bru-sha) which could imply that they had already gained control of
386:
It is very unclear, however, from the sources exactly what happened after the death of Tridu Songtsen. According to the
3748:
3620:
3591:
3293:
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In 738 the 'Nine Loops of the Huang Ho', which had been given to Tibet as part of a dowry, were retaken by the Chinese.
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378:
There was a dispute among his sons but "after a long time" the people put seven-year-old Tridé Tsuktsen on the throne.
4359:
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In 724, according to a Chinese encyclopedia of 1013, the Chinese princess, Kim-sheng secretly wrote to the ruler of
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Five Buddhist temples were built: 'Ching bu nam ra, Kwa chu in Brag dmar, 'Gran bzang, 'Khar brag and sMas gong.
438:
44:
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751:. Wiener Studien zur Tibetologie und Buddhismuskunde. Vol. Nos. 10–11. Vienna: 1983. p. 5 note 10.
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In 717 the Tibetans (according to an 11th-century Chinese history) joined with the Turkic Türgish to attack
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The History of Early Relations between China and Tibet : From Chiu t'ang-shu, a documentary survey
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467:"Prophecy of the Li Country", a Buddhist history of Khotan which has been preserved as part of the
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The History of Early Relations between China and Tibet: From Chiu t'ang-shu, a documentary survey
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The History of Early Relations between China and Tibet: From Chiu t'ang-shu, a documentary survey
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613:
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498:
354:
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Beckwith, C. I. "The Revolt of 755 in Tibet". In Steinkellner, Ernst; Tauscher, Helmut (eds.).
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Proceedings of the Csoma de Kőrös Symposium Held at Velm-Vienna, Austria, 13–19 September 1981
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1239:. An updated version of this article is available for free download (with registration) at:
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point to dissension and suppression of Buddhism - at least in the latter part of his reign.
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In 740, the Chinese also regained control of the key fortress at Anrong, just north of
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in central India where the monks apparently ended up quarreling and killed each other.
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350:"Bearded Grandfather", which was given to him later in life because he was so hirsute.
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In 720 Tibetan troops took the Uighur principality of 'Bug-cor in the Dunhuang oasis.
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De Dunhuang au Japon : études chinoise et bouddhiques offertes à Michel Soymié
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397:("Balpho" or Lha Balpo), one of the sons of Tridu Songtsen, took the throne, but
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1271:: The Royal Narrative Concerning the Bringing of the Buddha's Doctrine to Tibet
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Between 748 and 752, the king of the White Mywa, who formed part of 'Jang (
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His father, Tridu Songtsen, died in 704 in battle in Mywa territory in the
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The inscription on the Skar-cung pillar, erected during the reign of
526:
366:
36:
1083:
Indo-Tibetan Buddhism: Indian Buddhists and Their Tibetan Successors
1041:
Indo-Tibetan Buddhism: Indian Buddhists and Their Tibetan Successors
590:) rebelled against Chinese rule and submitted to the king of Tibet.
593:
In 751 The Tibetans again sent troops north of the Jaxartes River (
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3917:
3887:
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2127:
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2084:
1085:. 2 Vols. Shambhala, Boston, Vol. II, pp. 354, 357, nn. 96 and 97.
598:
460:
116:
1261:
Tibetan Literary Texts and Documents concerning Chinese Turkestan
925:
Tibetan Literary Texts and Documents concerning Chinese Turkestan
4148:
2941:
2607:
2104:
1127:
Bacot, J., et al. (1940), pp. 40-41.(Translated from the French)
1660:
1324:
1166:
Beckwith, C. I. "The Revolt of 755 in Tibet", p. 3 note 7. In:
972:
970:
3806:
2342:
829:
Beckwith, C. I. "The Revolt of 755 in Tibet", pp. 1-14. In:
1232:
Hill, John E. "Notes on the Dating of Khotanese History."
1205:
Ancient Tibet: Research materials from the Yeshe De Project
1236:, Vol. 13, No. 3 July 1988. To purchase this article see:
612:
Also in 751, Kag-la-bon (r. 748–779), the ruler of 'Jang (
1220:
Documents de Touen-houang relatifs à l'Histoire du Tibet
1053:
1051:
1049:
998:
996:
994:
948:
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states. He was followed by his famous pro-Buddhist son,
555:
asking for asylum, but apparently nothing came of this.
609:. This decisive battle ended Tang's power in the west.
1162:
1160:
1110:, p. 28. (1981). Eastern Press, Bloomington, Indiana.
1018:. Paris. Libraire d'amérique et d'orient. 1961, p. 99.
888:, p. 29. (1981). Eastern Press, Bloomington, Indiana.
794:. Paris: Libraire d'amérique et d'orient. p. 12.
624:
Just prior to Mes-ag-tshoms' accession, in 703, the
422:
was conspicuously quiet on its borders with China."
330:
and his queen, Tsenma Toktokteng, Princess of Chim (
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2005:
1935:
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54:
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23:
1168:Weiner Studien zur Tibetologie und Buddhismuskunde
914:Wangdu and Diemberger (2000), pp. 33-35 and n. 56.
905:Wangdu and Diemberger (2000), pp. 33-34 and n. 56.
831:Weiner Studien zur Tibetologie und Buddhismuskunde
1266:Wangdu, Pasang and Diemberger, Hildegard. (2000)
322:, "Bearded Grandfather"), was the emperor of the
728:. New Haven: Yale University Press. p. 32.
393:Beckwith states that in the winter of 704–705,
1672:
1336:
1222:. Libraire orientaliste Paul Geunther, Paris.
1043:. 2 Vols. Shambhala, Boston, Vol. II, p. 354.
8:
2454:Basic points unifying Theravāda and Mahāyāna
447:gyim shing kong jo, rgya bza' rjes ma ong co
449:), or simply "Kim Sheng", and was a devout
1679:
1665:
1657:
1343:
1329:
1321:
1284:
20:
3641:Banishment of Buddhist monks from Nepal
1207:(1986). Dharma Publishing, California.
678:
346:). He is usually known by his nickname
3844:List of Buddhist architecture in China
1246:A Corpus of Early Tibetan Inscriptions
772:
762:
189:
685:Bacot, J., et al. (1940), pp. 40, 54.
7:
1136:Bacot, J., et al. (1940), pp. 41-46.
476:Jincheng died during an outbreak of
3631:Silk Road transmission of Buddhism
927:, part i, London, 1935, pp. 73-76.
809:. Bloomington, IN: Eastern Press.
14:
505:Political and military activities
437:(?-739), an adoptive daughter of
4312:
4302:
4301:
3859:Thai temple art and architecture
3604:Huichang persecution of Buddhism
1844:Iconography in Laos and Thailand
1710:
1697:
1687:
1229:. 1967. Oxford University Press.
940:. 1967. Oxford University Press.
863:Bacot, J., et al. (1940), p. 40.
1711:
1248:Royal Asiatic Society, London.
1227:Tibetan Texts Concerning Khotan
976:Bacot, J. et al. (1940), p. 48.
938:Tibetan Texts Concerning Khotan
842:Beckwith, Christopher I. 1987.
724:Shakabpa, Tsepon W. D. (1967).
3849:Japanese Buddhist architecture
3651:Sinhalese Buddhist nationalism
2731:Seven Factors of Enlightenment
1922:Places where the Buddha stayed
846:. Princeton University Press.
429:Princess Jincheng and Buddhism
413:, wife of the second emperor,
1:
4380:8th-century murdered monarchs
3864:Tibetan Buddhist architecture
703:. Genève: Droz. p. 232.
4350:8th-century monarchs in Asia
3621:Buddhism and the Roman world
3597:Decline of Buddhism in India
3592:History of Buddhism in India
1692: Topics in
1170:. Nos. 10-11. Vienna, 1983.
833:. Nos. 10-11. Vienna, 1983.
605:Turks defeat the Chinese at
566:for the next fifteen years.
2819:Twenty-two vows of Ambedkar
2559:
1353:Kings and Emperors of Tibet
1263:, parts i-iv, London, 1935,
4396:
4355:8th-century Tibetan people
3769:The unanswerable questions
1218:Bacot, J., et al. (1940).
1016:Histoire Ancienne du Tibet
792:Histoire Ancienne du Tibet
726:Tibet: A Political History
695:Zuihou, Yamaguchi (1996).
501:) called lCam lHa-spangs.
4297:
3854:Buddhist temples in Korea
2417:Chinese Esoteric Buddhism
2320:Three planes of existence
1927:Buddha in world religions
1706:
1309:
1300:
1292:
1287:
1244:Richardson, Hugh (1981).
1179:Richardson, (1981), p. 7.
1154:Richardson (1981), p. 75.
1081:Snellgrove, David. 1987.
1039:Snellgrove, David. 1987.
964:Hill (1988), pp. 179-180.
439:Emperor Zhongzong of Tang
335:
311:
302:, 704–755 CE), nicknamed
291:
197:
188:
141:Lhari Tsuknam Mausoleum,
34:
4370:Child monarchs from Asia
3636:Persecution of Buddhists
2857:Four stages of awakening
2238:Three marks of existence
1824:Physical characteristics
344:btsan ma thog thog steng
172:Nanamza Mangpodé Zhiteng
160:Princess Jincheng, from
2999:Ten principal disciples
1882:(aunt, adoptive mother)
540:), to the southeast of
382:Struggle for the throne
3709:Buddhism and democracy
3222:Tibetan Buddhist canon
3217:Chinese Buddhist canon
2449:Pre-sectarian Buddhism
2444:Early Buddhist schools
790:Pelliot, Paul (1961).
4375:8th-century Buddhists
3719:Eight Consciousnesses
1829:Life of Buddha in art
1525:Lha Thothori Nyantsen
1259:Thomas, F. W. (1935)
232:We Trisumje Tsangshar
166:Jangmo Tritsün (from
4196:East Asian religions
3626:Buddhism in the West
3197:Early Buddhist texts
2812:Four Right Exertions
2278:Ten spiritual realms
1771:Noble Eightfold Path
1234:Indo-Iranian Journal
805:Lee, Don Y. (1981).
653:Death and succession
633:Support for Buddhism
620:Relations with Nepal
465:Li yul lung btsan pa
459:Buddhist monks from
300:khri lde gtsug btsan
248:Bel Kyesang Dongtsab
244:Dro Chungsang Ormang
236:Nge Mangsham Taktsab
224:Khu Mangpoje Lhasung
4319:Religion portal
4066:Temple of the Tooth
3945:Jaya Sri Maha Bodhi
2984:Upāsaka and Upāsikā
2477:Bodhipakkhiyādhammā
2260:Two truths doctrine
2080:Mahapajapati Gotamī
1880:Mahapajapati Gotamī
1474:Detrul Namshungtsen
228:We Trisig Shangnyen
143:Valley of the Kings
95:We Trisig Shangnyen
4360:7th-century births
4241:Western philosophy
3839:Dzong architecture
3661:Vipassana movement
3656:Buddhist modernism
3084:Emperor Wen of Sui
2852:Pratyekabuddhayāna
2785:Threefold Training
2587:Vipassana movement
2303:Hungry Ghost realm
2123:Avidyā (Ignorance)
2070:Puṇṇa Mantānīputta
1819:Great Renunciation
1814:Eight Great Events
1696:
697:Drège, Jean-Pierre
355:Kingdom of Nanzhao
336:བཙན་མ་ཐོག་ཐོག་སྟེང
4345:Buddhist monarchs
4340:Emperors of Tibet
4327:
4326:
3965:Om mani padme hum
3671:Women in Buddhism
3587:Buddhist councils
3457:Western countries
3245:Madhyamakālaṃkāra
3006:Shaolin Monastery
2583:Samatha-vipassanā
2193:Pratītyasamutpāda
1997:Metteyya/Maitreya
1915:
1907:
1899:
1891:
1883:
1875:
1867:
1744:Four Noble Truths
1654:
1653:
1585:Mangsong Mangtsen
1577:Gungsong Gungtsen
1319:
1318:
1310:Succeeded by
1225:Emmerick, R. E..
710:978-2-600-00166-3
597:) and helped the
435:Princess Jincheng
415:Mangsong Mangtsen
365:, modern lowland
281:
280:
206:
205:
4387:
4317:
4316:
4305:
4304:
4144:Sacred languages
3992:Maya Devi Temple
3955:Mahabodhi Temple
3759:Secular Buddhism
3724:Engaged Buddhism
2564:
2412:Tibetan Buddhism
2363:Vietnamese Thiền
1962:Mahāsthāmaprāpta
1913:
1905:
1897:
1889:
1881:
1873:
1865:
1714:
1713:
1701:
1691:
1681:
1674:
1667:
1658:
1632:
1609:
1608:(empress regent)
1599:
1581:
1543:Trinyen Songtsen
1402:Two Middle Kings
1354:
1345:
1338:
1331:
1322:
1303:Emperor of Tibet
1293:Preceded by
1285:
1192:
1186:
1180:
1177:
1171:
1164:
1155:
1152:
1146:
1143:
1137:
1134:
1128:
1125:
1119:
1104:
1098:
1092:
1086:
1079:
1073:
1067:
1061:
1055:
1044:
1037:
1031:
1025:
1019:
1012:
1006:
1000:
989:
983:
977:
974:
965:
962:
956:
950:
941:
936:R. E. Emmerick.
934:
928:
921:
915:
912:
906:
903:
897:
882:
876:
870:
864:
861:
855:
840:
834:
827:
821:
820:
802:
796:
795:
787:
781:
780:
775:has extra text (
774:
770:
768:
760:
744:
738:
737:
721:
715:
714:
692:
686:
683:
661:in front of the
372:Old Book of Tang
337:
313:
293:
292:ཁྲི་ལྡེ་གཙུག་བཙན
277:Tibetan Buddhism
269:Chimza Tsenmotok
240:We Tadra Khonglo
201:
200:ཁྲི་ལྡེ་གཙུག་བཙན
198:Tridé Tsuktsen (
190:
154:Gyamoza Kimshang
111:
30:
29:
21:
4395:
4394:
4390:
4389:
4388:
4386:
4385:
4384:
4330:
4329:
4328:
4323:
4311:
4293:
4245:
4160:
4075:
3812:Ordination hall
3773:
3675:
3646:Buddhist crisis
3558:
3255:
3207:Mahayana sutras
3183:
3179:Thích Nhất Hạnh
3010:
2883:
2823:
2773:Bodhisattva vow
2458:
2324:
2264:
2223:Taṇhā (Craving)
2158:Five hindrances
2109:
2001:
1931:
1785:
1730:
1702:
1685:
1655:
1650:
1630:
1607:
1597:
1579:
1558:
1529:
1518:Tridra Pungtsen
1495:
1452:
1417:
1396:
1362:Seven Heavenly
1356:
1352:
1349:
1315:
1306:
1298:
1201:
1196:
1195:
1187:
1183:
1178:
1174:
1165:
1158:
1153:
1149:
1144:
1140:
1135:
1131:
1126:
1122:
1105:
1101:
1093:
1089:
1080:
1076:
1068:
1064:
1056:
1047:
1038:
1034:
1026:
1022:
1014:Pelliot, Paul.
1013:
1009:
1001:
992:
984:
980:
975:
968:
963:
959:
951:
944:
935:
931:
922:
918:
913:
909:
904:
900:
883:
879:
871:
867:
862:
858:
841:
837:
828:
824:
817:
804:
803:
799:
789:
788:
784:
771:
761:
746:
745:
741:
723:
722:
718:
711:
694:
693:
689:
684:
680:
675:
655:
635:
622:
507:
495:
431:
411:empress dowager
384:
326:and the son of
251:
250:
246:
242:
238:
234:
230:
226:
221:
199:
183:
171:
165:
145:
131:
115:
113:
109:
93:
27:
26:
25:
19:
12:
11:
5:
4393:
4391:
4383:
4382:
4377:
4372:
4367:
4362:
4357:
4352:
4347:
4342:
4332:
4331:
4325:
4324:
4322:
4321:
4309:
4298:
4295:
4294:
4292:
4291:
4286:
4281:
4276:
4271:
4266:
4261:
4255:
4253:
4247:
4246:
4244:
4243:
4238:
4233:
4228:
4223:
4218:
4213:
4208:
4203:
4198:
4193:
4192:
4191:
4186:
4176:
4170:
4168:
4162:
4161:
4159:
4158:
4157:
4156:
4151:
4141:
4136:
4131:
4126:
4121:
4116:
4111:
4106:
4101:
4096:
4091:
4085:
4083:
4077:
4076:
4074:
4073:
4068:
4063:
4062:
4061:
4056:
4051:
4046:
4041:
4031:
4026:
4021:
4016:
4011:
4010:
4009:
4004:
3999:
3994:
3989:
3979:
3974:
3969:
3968:
3967:
3957:
3952:
3947:
3942:
3941:
3940:
3935:
3930:
3925:
3920:
3910:
3905:
3900:
3895:
3890:
3885:
3880:
3879:
3878:
3876:Greco-Buddhist
3868:
3867:
3866:
3861:
3856:
3851:
3846:
3841:
3836:
3831:
3830:
3829:
3827:Burmese pagoda
3819:
3814:
3809:
3804:
3799:
3794:
3783:
3781:
3775:
3774:
3772:
3771:
3766:
3761:
3756:
3751:
3746:
3741:
3736:
3731:
3726:
3721:
3716:
3711:
3706:
3701:
3696:
3691:
3685:
3683:
3677:
3676:
3674:
3673:
3668:
3663:
3658:
3653:
3648:
3643:
3638:
3633:
3628:
3623:
3618:
3617:
3616:
3609:Greco-Buddhism
3606:
3601:
3600:
3599:
3589:
3584:
3579:
3574:
3568:
3566:
3560:
3559:
3557:
3556:
3555:
3554:
3549:
3544:
3542:United Kingdom
3539:
3534:
3529:
3524:
3519:
3514:
3509:
3504:
3499:
3494:
3489:
3487:Czech Republic
3484:
3479:
3474:
3469:
3464:
3454:
3453:
3452:
3447:
3437:
3436:
3435:
3425:
3424:
3423:
3418:
3408:
3403:
3398:
3393:
3388:
3383:
3378:
3377:
3376:
3366:
3361:
3351:
3346:
3341:
3336:
3331:
3326:
3321:
3316:
3311:
3306:
3301:
3296:
3291:
3286:
3281:
3276:
3271:
3265:
3263:
3257:
3256:
3254:
3253:
3251:Abhidharmadīpa
3248:
3241:
3236:
3231:
3224:
3219:
3214:
3209:
3204:
3199:
3193:
3191:
3185:
3184:
3182:
3181:
3176:
3171:
3169:B. R. Ambedkar
3166:
3161:
3156:
3151:
3146:
3141:
3136:
3131:
3126:
3121:
3116:
3111:
3106:
3101:
3096:
3091:
3089:Songtsen Gampo
3086:
3081:
3076:
3071:
3066:
3061:
3056:
3051:
3046:
3041:
3036:
3031:
3026:
3020:
3018:
3012:
3011:
3009:
3008:
3003:
3002:
3001:
2991:
2986:
2981:
2976:
2971:
2966:
2965:
2964:
2954:
2949:
2944:
2939:
2934:
2929:
2924:
2919:
2914:
2909:
2904:
2899:
2893:
2891:
2885:
2884:
2882:
2881:
2880:
2879:
2874:
2869:
2864:
2854:
2849:
2844:
2839:
2833:
2831:
2825:
2824:
2822:
2821:
2816:
2815:
2814:
2804:
2803:
2802:
2797:
2792:
2782:
2781:
2780:
2775:
2770:
2768:Eight precepts
2765:
2755:
2754:
2753:
2748:
2743:
2738:
2728:
2727:
2726:
2716:
2711:
2706:
2705:
2704:
2699:
2694:
2684:
2679:
2674:
2669:
2664:
2663:
2662:
2657:
2647:
2642:
2641:
2640:
2635:
2630:
2625:
2620:
2615:
2610:
2605:
2600:
2595:
2590:
2580:
2575:
2570:
2565:
2556:
2546:
2541:
2539:Five Strengths
2536:
2531:
2526:
2521:
2516:
2511:
2506:
2505:
2504:
2499:
2494:
2489:
2479:
2474:
2468:
2466:
2460:
2459:
2457:
2456:
2451:
2446:
2441:
2436:
2431:
2430:
2429:
2424:
2419:
2414:
2404:
2403:
2402:
2397:
2392:
2387:
2382:
2377:
2372:
2367:
2366:
2365:
2360:
2355:
2350:
2334:
2332:
2326:
2325:
2323:
2322:
2317:
2316:
2315:
2310:
2305:
2300:
2295:
2290:
2280:
2274:
2272:
2266:
2265:
2263:
2262:
2257:
2256:
2255:
2250:
2245:
2235:
2230:
2225:
2220:
2215:
2210:
2205:
2200:
2195:
2190:
2185:
2180:
2178:Mental factors
2175:
2170:
2165:
2160:
2155:
2150:
2145:
2140:
2135:
2130:
2125:
2119:
2117:
2111:
2110:
2108:
2107:
2102:
2097:
2092:
2087:
2082:
2077:
2072:
2067:
2062:
2057:
2052:
2047:
2042:
2037:
2032:
2030:Mahamoggallāna
2027:
2022:
2017:
2011:
2009:
2003:
2002:
2000:
1999:
1994:
1989:
1984:
1979:
1974:
1969:
1964:
1959:
1954:
1953:
1952:
1945:Avalokiteśvara
1941:
1939:
1933:
1932:
1930:
1929:
1924:
1919:
1918:
1917:
1909:
1901:
1893:
1885:
1877:
1869:
1856:
1851:
1846:
1841:
1836:
1831:
1826:
1821:
1816:
1811:
1806:
1801:
1795:
1793:
1787:
1786:
1784:
1783:
1778:
1773:
1768:
1767:
1766:
1761:
1756:
1746:
1740:
1738:
1732:
1731:
1729:
1728:
1723:
1718:
1707:
1704:
1703:
1686:
1684:
1683:
1676:
1669:
1661:
1652:
1651:
1649:
1648:
1643:
1638:
1633:
1625:
1620:
1618:Trisong Detsen
1615:
1610:
1600:
1592:
1590:Tridu Songtsen
1587:
1582:
1574:
1572:Songtsen Gampo
1568:
1566:
1560:
1559:
1557:
1556:
1554:Namri Songtsen
1551:
1548:
1545:
1539:
1537:
1531:
1530:
1528:
1527:
1522:
1519:
1516:
1513:
1509:
1507:
1497:
1496:
1494:
1493:
1490:
1487:
1484:
1481:
1478:
1475:
1472:
1466:
1464:
1454:
1453:
1451:
1450:
1447:
1444:
1441:
1438:
1435:
1431:
1429:
1419:
1418:
1416:
1415:
1412:
1406:
1404:
1398:
1397:
1395:
1394:
1391:
1388:
1385:
1382:
1381:Dingtri Tsenpo
1379:
1376:
1370:
1368:
1358:
1357:
1350:
1348:
1347:
1340:
1333:
1325:
1317:
1316:
1313:Trisong Detsen
1311:
1308:
1299:
1296:Tridu Songtsen
1294:
1290:
1289:
1288:Regnal titles
1283:
1282:
1264:
1257:
1242:
1230:
1223:
1216:
1200:
1197:
1194:
1193:
1181:
1172:
1156:
1147:
1138:
1129:
1120:
1099:
1087:
1074:
1062:
1045:
1032:
1020:
1007:
990:
978:
966:
957:
942:
929:
923:F. W. Thomas,
916:
907:
898:
877:
865:
856:
835:
822:
815:
797:
782:
739:
716:
709:
687:
677:
676:
674:
671:
667:Trisong Detsen
654:
651:
643:Trisong Detsen
634:
631:
621:
618:
506:
503:
494:
491:
485:, and then to
430:
427:
388:Tibetan Annals
383:
380:
328:Tridu Songtsen
324:Tibetan Empire
284:Tridé Tsuktsen
279:
278:
275:
271:
270:
267:
263:
262:
260:Tridu Songtsen
257:
253:
252:
222:
217:
216:
214:
208:
207:
204:
203:
195:
194:
186:
185:
184:Trisong Detsen
182:Jang Tsalhawön
180:
174:
173:
151:
147:
146:
140:
138:
134:
133:
128:
124:
123:
106:
102:
101:
98:
97:
88:
84:
83:
81:Trisong Detsen
78:
74:
73:
67:Tridu Songtsen
64:
60:
59:
56:
52:
51:
41:
40:
32:
31:
17:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4392:
4381:
4378:
4376:
4373:
4371:
4368:
4366:
4363:
4361:
4358:
4356:
4353:
4351:
4348:
4346:
4343:
4341:
4338:
4337:
4335:
4320:
4315:
4310:
4308:
4300:
4299:
4296:
4290:
4287:
4285:
4282:
4280:
4277:
4275:
4272:
4270:
4267:
4265:
4262:
4260:
4257:
4256:
4254:
4252:
4248:
4242:
4239:
4237:
4234:
4232:
4229:
4227:
4224:
4222:
4219:
4217:
4214:
4212:
4209:
4207:
4204:
4202:
4199:
4197:
4194:
4190:
4187:
4185:
4182:
4181:
4180:
4177:
4175:
4172:
4171:
4169:
4167:
4163:
4155:
4152:
4150:
4147:
4146:
4145:
4142:
4140:
4137:
4135:
4132:
4130:
4127:
4125:
4122:
4120:
4117:
4115:
4112:
4110:
4107:
4105:
4102:
4100:
4097:
4095:
4092:
4090:
4087:
4086:
4084:
4082:
4081:Miscellaneous
4078:
4072:
4071:Vegetarianism
4069:
4067:
4064:
4060:
4057:
4055:
4052:
4050:
4047:
4045:
4042:
4040:
4037:
4036:
4035:
4032:
4030:
4027:
4025:
4022:
4020:
4017:
4015:
4012:
4008:
4005:
4003:
4000:
3998:
3995:
3993:
3990:
3988:
3985:
3984:
3983:
3980:
3978:
3975:
3973:
3970:
3966:
3963:
3962:
3961:
3958:
3956:
3953:
3951:
3948:
3946:
3943:
3939:
3936:
3934:
3931:
3929:
3926:
3924:
3921:
3919:
3916:
3915:
3914:
3911:
3909:
3906:
3904:
3901:
3899:
3896:
3894:
3893:Buddha in art
3891:
3889:
3886:
3884:
3881:
3877:
3874:
3873:
3872:
3869:
3865:
3862:
3860:
3857:
3855:
3852:
3850:
3847:
3845:
3842:
3840:
3837:
3835:
3832:
3828:
3825:
3824:
3823:
3820:
3818:
3815:
3813:
3810:
3808:
3805:
3803:
3800:
3798:
3795:
3793:
3790:
3789:
3788:
3785:
3784:
3782:
3780:
3776:
3770:
3767:
3765:
3762:
3760:
3757:
3755:
3752:
3750:
3747:
3745:
3742:
3740:
3737:
3735:
3732:
3730:
3727:
3725:
3722:
3720:
3717:
3715:
3712:
3710:
3707:
3705:
3702:
3700:
3697:
3695:
3692:
3690:
3687:
3686:
3684:
3682:
3678:
3672:
3669:
3667:
3664:
3662:
3659:
3657:
3654:
3652:
3649:
3647:
3644:
3642:
3639:
3637:
3634:
3632:
3629:
3627:
3624:
3622:
3619:
3615:
3612:
3611:
3610:
3607:
3605:
3602:
3598:
3595:
3594:
3593:
3590:
3588:
3585:
3583:
3580:
3578:
3575:
3573:
3570:
3569:
3567:
3565:
3561:
3553:
3550:
3548:
3547:United States
3545:
3543:
3540:
3538:
3535:
3533:
3530:
3528:
3525:
3523:
3520:
3518:
3515:
3513:
3510:
3508:
3505:
3503:
3500:
3498:
3495:
3493:
3490:
3488:
3485:
3483:
3480:
3478:
3475:
3473:
3470:
3468:
3465:
3463:
3460:
3459:
3458:
3455:
3451:
3448:
3446:
3443:
3442:
3441:
3438:
3434:
3431:
3430:
3429:
3426:
3422:
3419:
3417:
3414:
3413:
3412:
3409:
3407:
3404:
3402:
3399:
3397:
3394:
3392:
3389:
3387:
3384:
3382:
3379:
3374:
3370:
3367:
3365:
3362:
3360:
3357:
3356:
3355:
3352:
3350:
3347:
3345:
3342:
3340:
3337:
3335:
3332:
3330:
3327:
3325:
3322:
3320:
3317:
3315:
3312:
3310:
3307:
3305:
3302:
3300:
3297:
3295:
3292:
3290:
3287:
3285:
3282:
3280:
3277:
3275:
3272:
3270:
3267:
3266:
3264:
3262:
3258:
3252:
3249:
3247:
3246:
3242:
3240:
3237:
3235:
3232:
3230:
3229:
3225:
3223:
3220:
3218:
3215:
3213:
3210:
3208:
3205:
3203:
3200:
3198:
3195:
3194:
3192:
3190:
3186:
3180:
3177:
3175:
3172:
3170:
3167:
3165:
3162:
3160:
3157:
3155:
3152:
3150:
3147:
3145:
3142:
3140:
3137:
3135:
3132:
3130:
3127:
3125:
3122:
3120:
3117:
3115:
3112:
3110:
3107:
3105:
3104:Padmasambhava
3102:
3100:
3097:
3095:
3092:
3090:
3087:
3085:
3082:
3080:
3077:
3075:
3072:
3070:
3067:
3065:
3062:
3060:
3057:
3055:
3052:
3050:
3047:
3045:
3042:
3040:
3037:
3035:
3032:
3030:
3027:
3025:
3022:
3021:
3019:
3017:
3016:Major figures
3013:
3007:
3004:
3000:
2997:
2996:
2995:
2992:
2990:
2987:
2985:
2982:
2980:
2977:
2975:
2972:
2970:
2967:
2963:
2962:Western tulku
2960:
2959:
2958:
2955:
2953:
2950:
2948:
2945:
2943:
2940:
2938:
2935:
2933:
2930:
2928:
2925:
2923:
2920:
2918:
2915:
2913:
2910:
2908:
2905:
2903:
2900:
2898:
2895:
2894:
2892:
2890:
2886:
2878:
2875:
2873:
2870:
2868:
2865:
2863:
2860:
2859:
2858:
2855:
2853:
2850:
2848:
2845:
2843:
2840:
2838:
2835:
2834:
2832:
2830:
2826:
2820:
2817:
2813:
2810:
2809:
2808:
2805:
2801:
2798:
2796:
2793:
2791:
2788:
2787:
2786:
2783:
2779:
2776:
2774:
2771:
2769:
2766:
2764:
2763:Five precepts
2761:
2760:
2759:
2756:
2752:
2749:
2747:
2744:
2742:
2741:Dhamma vicaya
2739:
2737:
2734:
2733:
2732:
2729:
2725:
2722:
2721:
2720:
2717:
2715:
2712:
2710:
2707:
2703:
2700:
2698:
2695:
2693:
2690:
2689:
2688:
2685:
2683:
2680:
2678:
2675:
2673:
2670:
2668:
2665:
2661:
2658:
2656:
2653:
2652:
2651:
2648:
2646:
2643:
2639:
2636:
2634:
2631:
2629:
2626:
2624:
2621:
2619:
2616:
2614:
2611:
2609:
2606:
2604:
2601:
2599:
2596:
2594:
2591:
2588:
2584:
2581:
2579:
2576:
2574:
2571:
2569:
2566:
2563:
2562:
2557:
2555:
2552:
2551:
2550:
2547:
2545:
2542:
2540:
2537:
2535:
2532:
2530:
2527:
2525:
2522:
2520:
2517:
2515:
2512:
2510:
2509:Buddhābhiṣeka
2507:
2503:
2500:
2498:
2495:
2493:
2490:
2488:
2485:
2484:
2483:
2480:
2478:
2475:
2473:
2470:
2469:
2467:
2465:
2461:
2455:
2452:
2450:
2447:
2445:
2442:
2440:
2437:
2435:
2432:
2428:
2425:
2423:
2420:
2418:
2415:
2413:
2410:
2409:
2408:
2405:
2401:
2398:
2396:
2393:
2391:
2388:
2386:
2383:
2381:
2378:
2376:
2373:
2371:
2368:
2364:
2361:
2359:
2356:
2354:
2351:
2349:
2346:
2345:
2344:
2341:
2340:
2339:
2336:
2335:
2333:
2331:
2327:
2321:
2318:
2314:
2311:
2309:
2306:
2304:
2301:
2299:
2296:
2294:
2291:
2289:
2286:
2285:
2284:
2281:
2279:
2276:
2275:
2273:
2271:
2267:
2261:
2258:
2254:
2251:
2249:
2246:
2244:
2241:
2240:
2239:
2236:
2234:
2231:
2229:
2226:
2224:
2221:
2219:
2216:
2214:
2211:
2209:
2206:
2204:
2201:
2199:
2196:
2194:
2191:
2189:
2186:
2184:
2181:
2179:
2176:
2174:
2171:
2169:
2166:
2164:
2161:
2159:
2156:
2154:
2153:Enlightenment
2151:
2149:
2146:
2144:
2143:Dhamma theory
2141:
2139:
2138:Buddha-nature
2136:
2134:
2131:
2129:
2126:
2124:
2121:
2120:
2118:
2116:
2112:
2106:
2103:
2101:
2098:
2096:
2093:
2091:
2088:
2086:
2083:
2081:
2078:
2076:
2073:
2071:
2068:
2066:
2063:
2061:
2058:
2056:
2053:
2051:
2048:
2046:
2043:
2041:
2038:
2036:
2033:
2031:
2028:
2026:
2023:
2021:
2018:
2016:
2013:
2012:
2010:
2008:
2004:
1998:
1995:
1993:
1990:
1988:
1985:
1983:
1980:
1978:
1977:Samantabhadra
1975:
1973:
1970:
1968:
1965:
1963:
1960:
1958:
1955:
1951:
1948:
1947:
1946:
1943:
1942:
1940:
1938:
1934:
1928:
1925:
1923:
1920:
1916:
1910:
1908:
1902:
1900:
1894:
1892:
1886:
1884:
1878:
1876:
1870:
1868:
1862:
1861:
1860:
1857:
1855:
1852:
1850:
1847:
1845:
1842:
1840:
1837:
1835:
1832:
1830:
1827:
1825:
1822:
1820:
1817:
1815:
1812:
1810:
1807:
1805:
1802:
1800:
1797:
1796:
1794:
1792:
1788:
1782:
1779:
1777:
1774:
1772:
1769:
1765:
1762:
1760:
1757:
1755:
1752:
1751:
1750:
1747:
1745:
1742:
1741:
1739:
1737:
1733:
1727:
1724:
1722:
1719:
1717:
1709:
1708:
1705:
1700:
1695:
1690:
1682:
1677:
1675:
1670:
1668:
1663:
1662:
1659:
1647:
1644:
1642:
1639:
1637:
1634:
1629:
1626:
1624:
1621:
1619:
1616:
1614:
1611:
1606:
1605:
1601:
1596:
1593:
1591:
1588:
1586:
1583:
1578:
1575:
1573:
1570:
1569:
1567:
1565:
1564:Empire period
1561:
1555:
1552:
1549:
1547:Drongnyen Deu
1546:
1544:
1541:
1540:
1538:
1536:
1535:Rising period
1532:
1526:
1523:
1521:Tritog Jetsen
1520:
1517:
1514:
1512:Tori Longtsen
1511:
1510:
1508:
1506:
1504:
1498:
1491:
1488:
1485:
1482:
1479:
1476:
1473:
1471:
1468:
1467:
1465:
1463:
1461:
1455:
1448:
1445:
1442:
1439:
1436:
1433:
1432:
1430:
1428:
1426:
1420:
1414:Chatri Tsenpo
1413:
1411:
1410:Drigum Tsenpo
1408:
1407:
1405:
1403:
1399:
1393:Siptri Tsenpo
1392:
1390:Dakrri Tsenpo
1389:
1387:Mertri Tsenpo
1386:
1383:
1380:
1377:
1375:
1374:Nyatri Tsenpo
1372:
1371:
1369:
1367:
1365:
1359:
1355:
1346:
1341:
1339:
1334:
1332:
1327:
1326:
1323:
1314:
1305:
1304:
1297:
1291:
1286:
1280:
1279:3-7001-2956-4
1276:
1272:
1270:
1265:
1262:
1258:
1255:
1254:0-947593-00-4
1251:
1247:
1243:
1241:
1238:
1235:
1231:
1228:
1224:
1221:
1217:
1214:
1213:0-89800-146-3
1210:
1206:
1203:
1202:
1198:
1190:
1189:Ancient Tibet
1185:
1182:
1176:
1173:
1169:
1163:
1161:
1157:
1151:
1148:
1142:
1139:
1133:
1130:
1124:
1121:
1117:
1116:0-939758-00-8
1113:
1109:
1103:
1100:
1096:
1095:Ancient Tibet
1091:
1088:
1084:
1078:
1075:
1071:
1070:Ancient Tibet
1066:
1063:
1059:
1058:Ancient Tibet
1054:
1052:
1050:
1046:
1042:
1036:
1033:
1029:
1028:Ancient Tibet
1024:
1021:
1017:
1011:
1008:
1004:
1003:Ancient Tibet
999:
997:
995:
991:
987:
986:Ancient Tibet
982:
979:
973:
971:
967:
961:
958:
954:
953:Ancient Tibet
949:
947:
943:
939:
933:
930:
926:
920:
917:
911:
908:
902:
899:
895:
894:0-939758-00-8
891:
887:
881:
878:
874:
873:Ancient Tibet
869:
866:
860:
857:
853:
852:0-691-02469-3
849:
845:
839:
836:
832:
826:
823:
818:
816:0-939758-00-8
812:
808:
801:
798:
793:
786:
783:
778:
773:|volume=
766:
758:
754:
750:
743:
740:
735:
731:
727:
720:
717:
712:
706:
702:
698:
691:
688:
682:
679:
672:
670:
668:
664:
660:
652:
650:
648:
644:
640:
632:
630:
627:
619:
617:
615:
610:
608:
604:
600:
596:
591:
589:
584:
581:
579:
574:
571:
567:
565:
561:
556:
554:
549:
547:
543:
539:
534:
532:
528:
524:
523:
517:
514:
512:
504:
502:
500:
492:
490:
488:
484:
479:
474:
472:
471:
466:
462:
457:
454:
452:
448:
444:
440:
436:
428:
426:
423:
420:
416:
412:
408:
404:
400:
396:
391:
389:
381:
379:
376:
374:
373:
368:
364:
360:
356:
351:
349:
345:
341:
333:
329:
325:
321:
320:mes ag tshoms
317:
309:
305:
301:
297:
289:
285:
276:
272:
268:
264:
261:
258:
254:
249:
245:
241:
237:
233:
229:
225:
220:
215:
213:
209:
196:
191:
187:
181:
179:
175:
169:
163:
159:
155:
152:
148:
144:
139:
135:
129:
125:
122:
118:
107:
103:
99:
96:
92:
89:
85:
82:
79:
75:
72:
68:
65:
61:
57:
53:
50:
46:
42:
39:
38:
33:
22:
16:
4259:Bodhisattvas
4179:Christianity
4174:Baháʼí Faith
4039:Dharmachakra
4029:Prayer wheel
4019:Prayer beads
3787:Architecture
3666:969 Movement
3450:Saudi Arabia
3428:Central Asia
3421:South Africa
3243:
3226:
3159:Panchen Lama
3064:Buddhapālita
2660:Satipatthana
2655:Mindful Yoga
2568:Recollection
2482:Brahmavihara
2353:Japanese Zen
2348:Chinese Chan
2308:Animal realm
2115:Key concepts
1937:Bodhisattvas
1749:Three Jewels
1628:Mutik Tsenpo
1612:
1602:
1550:Tagbu Nyasig
1502:
1459:
1446:Trongzhi Lek
1424:
1384:Sotri Tsenpo
1378:Mutri Tsenpo
1363:
1301:
1267:
1260:
1245:
1233:
1226:
1219:
1204:
1188:
1184:
1175:
1167:
1150:
1141:
1132:
1123:
1107:
1106:Lee, Don Y.
1102:
1094:
1090:
1082:
1077:
1069:
1065:
1057:
1040:
1035:
1027:
1023:
1015:
1010:
1002:
985:
981:
960:
952:
937:
932:
924:
919:
910:
901:
885:
884:Lee, Don Y.
880:
872:
868:
859:
854:, pp. 69-70.
843:
838:
830:
825:
806:
800:
791:
785:
748:
742:
725:
719:
700:
690:
681:
656:
645:and his son
636:
623:
611:
592:
585:
582:
575:
572:
568:
557:
550:
535:
520:
518:
515:
508:
496:
475:
468:
464:
458:
455:
446:
433:The Chinese
432:
424:
418:
406:
392:
385:
377:
370:
362:
352:
347:
343:
319:
303:
299:
283:
282:
218:
157:
130:755 (age 51)
110:རྒྱལ་གཙུག་རུ
108:Gyeltsukru (
91:Dro Thrimalö
35:
15:
4104:Dharma talk
3933:Asalha Puja
3729:Eschatology
3532:Switzerland
3512:New Zealand
3440:Middle East
3349:Philippines
3269:Afghanistan
3074:Bodhidharma
3059:Buddhaghosa
2979:Householder
2889:Monasticism
2842:Bodhisattva
2697:Prostration
2650:Mindfulness
2578:Anapanasati
2561:Kammaṭṭhāna
2358:Korean Seon
2298:Asura realm
2293:Human realm
2233:Ten Fetters
2188:Parinirvana
2090:Uppalavanna
2055:Mahākaccana
2040:Mahākassapa
1972:Kṣitigarbha
1967:Ākāśagarbha
1864:Suddhodāna
1809:Four sights
1736:Foundations
1623:Muné Tsenpo
1515:Tritsen Nam
1501:Five Later
1492:Detrin Tsen
1477:Senöl Namdé
1470:Zanam Zindé
1307:r. 705–755
522:Tang Annals
493:Other wives
407:khri ma lod
312:མེས་ཨག་ཚོམས
63:Predecessor
28:མེས་ཨག་ཚོམས
4365:755 deaths
4334:Categories
4221:Psychology
4201:Gnosticism
4189:Comparison
4184:Influences
4166:Comparison
4049:Bhavacakra
4007:Kushinagar
3982:Pilgrimage
3928:Māgha Pūjā
3883:Bodhi Tree
3699:Buddhology
3689:Abhidharma
3681:Philosophy
3614:Menander I
3482:Costa Rica
3433:Uzbekistan
3274:Bangladesh
3228:Dhammapada
3212:Pali Canon
3174:Ajahn Chah
3154:Dalai Lama
3054:Kumārajīva
3049:Vasubandhu
3024:The Buddha
2932:Zen master
2867:Sakadagami
2847:Buddhahood
2778:Pratimokṣa
2593:Shikantaza
2549:Meditation
2524:Deity yoga
2395:Madhyamaka
2288:Deva realm
2183:Mindstream
2133:Bodhicitta
2045:Aṅgulimāla
1912:Devadatta
1888:Yaśodharā
1791:The Buddha
1781:Middle Way
1631:(disputed)
1598:(disputed)
1580:(disputed)
1480:Senöl Podé
1269:dBa' bzhed
1199:References
4289:Festivals
4269:Buddhists
4231:Theosophy
4034:Symbolism
4024:Hama yumi
3997:Bodh Gaya
3764:Socialism
3739:Evolution
3714:Economics
3552:Venezuela
3467:Australia
3462:Argentina
3386:Sri Lanka
3381:Singapore
3299:Indonesia
3261:Countries
3202:Tripiṭaka
3164:Ajahn Mun
3039:Nagarjuna
3034:Aśvaghoṣa
2917:Anagārika
2912:Śrāmaṇerī
2907:Śrāmaṇera
2902:Bhikkhunī
2862:Sotāpanna
2751:Passaddhi
2692:Offerings
2667:Nekkhamma
2544:Iddhipada
2464:Practices
2434:Theravada
2407:Vajrayana
2400:Yogachara
2370:Pure Land
2283:Six Paths
2270:Cosmology
2050:Anuruddha
2025:Sāriputta
2015:Kaundinya
2007:Disciples
1982:Vajrapāṇi
1834:Footprint
1799:Tathāgata
1646:Langdarma
1636:Sadnalegs
1613:Mé Aktsom
1489:Degyel Po
1483:Senöl Nam
1440:Tisho Lek
1437:Desho Lek
1191:, p. 254.
1097:, p. 250.
1072:, p. 245.
1060:, p. 249.
1030:, p. 243.
1005:, p. 248.
988:, p. 246.
955:, p. 253.
875:, p. 242.
765:cite book
673:Footnotes
647:Sadnalegs
639:Sadnalegs
595:Syr Darya
531:Baltistan
348:Mé Aktsom
304:Mé Aktsom
77:Successor
71:Lha Balpo
24:Mé Aktsom
4307:Category
4236:Violence
4206:Hinduism
4154:Sanskrit
4109:Hinayana
4094:Amitābha
4054:Swastika
3923:Uposatha
3913:Holidays
3898:Calendar
3744:Humanism
3582:Kanishka
3572:Timeline
3396:Thailand
3364:Kalmykia
3359:Buryatia
3344:Pakistan
3329:Mongolia
3324:Maldives
3319:Malaysia
3284:Cambodia
3149:Shamarpa
3144:Nichiren
3094:Xuanzang
3029:Nagasena
2947:Rinpoche
2677:Pāramitā
2519:Devotion
2439:Navayana
2427:Dzogchen
2390:Nichiren
2338:Mahayana
2330:Branches
2208:Saṅkhāra
1957:Mañjuśrī
1914:(cousin)
1906:(cousin)
1874:(mother)
1866:(father)
1854:Miracles
1804:Birthday
1721:Glossary
1694:Buddhism
1641:Ralpacan
1604:Thrimalö
1486:Senöl Po
1449:Isho Lek
1443:Guru Lek
1434:Esho Lek
757:11213851
564:Chang'an
560:Xuanzong
542:Dunhuang
483:Gandhara
478:smallpox
451:Buddhist
399:Thrimalö
274:Religion
4284:Temples
4264:Buddhas
4226:Science
4216:Judaism
4211:Jainism
4129:Lineage
4089:Abhijñā
4059:Thangka
4002:Sarnath
3987:Lumbini
3908:Funeral
3903:Cuisine
3779:Culture
3754:Reality
3704:Creator
3694:Atomism
3564:History
3537:Ukraine
3497:Germany
3416:Senegal
3406:Vietnam
3334:Myanmar
3134:Shinran
3124:Karmapa
3099:Shandao
3069:Dignāga
2994:Śrāvaka
2974:Donchee
2969:Kappiya
2927:Sayadaw
2897:Bhikkhu
2872:Anāgāmi
2829:Nirvana
2795:Samadhi
2682:Paritta
2623:Tonglen
2618:Mandala
2573:Smarana
2554:Mantras
2502:Upekkha
2472:Bhavana
2422:Shingon
2375:Tiantai
2228:Tathātā
2218:Śūnyatā
2213:Skandha
2203:Saṃsāra
2198:Rebirth
2173:Kleshas
2163:Indriya
2065:Subhūti
1950:Guanyin
1904:Ānanda
1896:Rāhula
1776:Nirvana
1716:Outline
734:6195921
699:(ed.).
614:Nanzhao
588:Nanzhao
578:Chengdu
553:Kashmir
511:Kashgar
499:Nanzhao
487:Kosambi
470:Tengyur
409:), the
369:). The
332:Tibetan
308:Tibetan
288:Tibetan
212:Lönchen
168:Nanzhao
58:705–755
45:Emperor
4279:Sutras
4274:Suttas
4139:Siddhi
4124:Koliya
4099:Brahmā
4014:Poetry
3960:Mantra
3950:Kasaya
3822:Pagoda
3802:Kyaung
3797:Vihāra
3792:Temple
3734:Ethics
3577:Ashoka
3527:Sweden
3522:Poland
3517:Norway
3507:Mexico
3492:France
3477:Canada
3472:Brazil
3411:Africa
3391:Taiwan
3354:Russia
3279:Bhutan
3239:Vinaya
3119:Naropa
3109:Saraha
3044:Asanga
2800:Prajñā
2709:Refuge
2672:Nianfo
2633:Tertön
2628:Tantra
2613:Ganana
2603:Tukdam
2529:Dhyāna
2497:Mudita
2492:Karuṇā
2385:Risshū
2380:Huayan
2313:Naraka
2253:Anattā
2248:Dukkha
2243:Anicca
2148:Dharma
2100:Channa
2035:Ānanda
2020:Assaji
1987:Skanda
1890:(wife)
1859:Family
1839:Relics
1764:Sangha
1759:Dharma
1754:Buddha
1458:Eight
1277:
1252:
1211:
1114:
892:
850:
813:
755:
732:
707:
663:Potala
603:Qarluq
527:Ladakh
461:Khotan
419:Annals
367:Yunnan
266:Mother
256:Father
150:Spouse
137:Burial
87:Regent
37:Tsenpo
18:Tsenpo
4251:Lists
4119:Kalpa
4114:Iddhi
3977:Music
3972:Mudra
3938:Vassa
3918:Vesak
3888:Budai
3834:Candi
3817:Stupa
3749:Logic
3502:Italy
3401:Tibet
3339:Nepal
3309:Korea
3304:Japan
3294:India
3289:China
3234:Sutra
3189:Texts
3139:Dōgen
3129:Hōnen
3114:Atiśa
3079:Zhiyi
2989:Achar
2957:Tulku
2952:Geshe
2937:Rōshi
2922:Ajahn
2877:Arhat
2837:Bodhi
2807:Vīrya
2724:Sacca
2719:Satya
2714:Sādhu
2702:Music
2645:Merit
2638:Terma
2598:Zazen
2534:Faith
2487:Mettā
2168:Karma
2128:Bardo
2095:Asita
2085:Khema
2075:Upāli
2060:Nanda
1898:(son)
1872:Māyā
1849:Films
1726:Index
1505:Kings
1462:Kings
1427:Kings
1366:Kings
607:Talas
599:Arabs
546:Tazig
443:Wylie
403:Wylie
359:Wylie
340:Wylie
316:Wylie
296:Wylie
193:Names
178:Issue
162:China
132:Tibet
121:Tibet
117:Lhasa
55:Reign
49:Tibet
4149:Pāḷi
4134:Māra
4044:Flag
3445:Iran
3369:Tuva
3314:Laos
2942:Lama
2790:Śīla
2758:Śīla
2746:Pīti
2736:Sati
2687:Puja
2608:Koan
2514:Dāna
2105:Yasa
1992:Tārā
1503:Tsen
1423:Six
1275:ISBN
1250:ISBN
1209:ISBN
1112:ISBN
890:ISBN
848:ISBN
811:ISBN
777:help
753:OCLC
730:OCLC
705:ISBN
659:Zhol
626:Tang
601:and
538:Anxi
529:and
519:The
363:jang
219:list
127:Died
105:Born
3871:Art
3807:Wat
2343:Zen
1595:Lha
1425:Lek
1364:Tri
473:.,
395:Lha
361:: '
158:aka
114:704
69:or
47:of
4336::
3373:ru
1460:De
1159:^
1048:^
993:^
969:^
945:^
769::
767:}}
763:{{
669:.
513:.
453:.
445::
405::
342::
338:,
334::
318::
314:,
310::
298::
294:,
290::
119:,
3375:)
3371:(
2589:)
2585:(
1680:e
1673:t
1666:v
1344:e
1337:t
1330:v
1281:.
1256:.
1215:.
1118:.
896:.
819:.
779:)
759:.
736:.
713:.
401:(
357:(
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202:)
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156:(
112:)
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