97:
383:, a Native American variation invented in New Mexico, adds diagonal attachments to the central edge points, yielding four additional interior points each located between the center and corner points, may have 9 or 13 spaces, the center space (central intersection point) cannot be used until after each player drops their first piece (a variant is the center space cannot be used after all pieces are dropped).
872:
129:
linked empty position, i.e. from a corner to the middle of an adjacent edge, from the middle of an edge to the center or an adjacent corner, or from the center to the middle of an edge. Murray calls the first version "nine holes" and the second version "three men's morris" or "the smaller merels". In
330:
Extended tic-tac-toe, like the three men's morris game, each player has three pieces, but when moving pieces, players must first move their first pieces, then the second pieces, then the third pieces, then the first pieces, and so on. This game is harder than both tic-tac-toe and three men's morris,
111:
The board is empty to begin the game, and players take turns placing their pieces on empty intersections. Once all pieces are placed (assuming there is no winner by then), play proceeds with each player moving one of their pieces per turn. A piece may move to any vacant point on the board, not just
246:
There is another game divided into as many parts as there are months in the year. A table has three pieces on either side; the winner must get all the pieces in a straight line. It is a bad thing for a girl not to know how to play, for love often comes into being during
351:, the same game with additional rule that pieces can only move to adjacent spaces and the center space (central intersection point) cannot be used until after each player drops their first piece.
108:
Each player has three pieces. The winner is the first player to align their three pieces on a line drawn on the board. There are 3 horizontal lines, 3 vertical lines and 2 diagonal lines.
134:
for the player who goes first, unless the first player is not allowed to place the first piece in the centre, in which case neither player has a winning strategy.
165:, making it "doubtful" that the diagrams date to 1400 BCE. Berger concluded, "certainly they cannot be dated." When played on this board, the game is called
282:; the game was quite popular in England in the 13th century. These boards used holes, not lines, to represent the nine spaces on the board—hence the name
600:
592:
567:
459:
559:
297:). However, according to Daniel King, "the word 'morris' has nothing to do with the old English dance of the same name. It comes from the Latin word
363:, the same game with additional rule that pieces can only move to adjacent spaces and the pieces are already dropped before the game is started.
779:
331:
but the first player has a way to win by taking the edge first. Alternatively, by taking the center or corner first, the game will be drawn.
479:
915:
375:, the same game with additional rule that pieces can only move to adjacent spaces, and each player has four (instead of three) pieces.
708:
675:
646:
425:
851:
146:, the earliest known board for the game includes diagonal lines and was "cut into the roofing slabs of the temple at
925:
480:"From circle and square to the image of the world: a possible interpretation for some petroglyphs of merels boards"
772:
920:
604:
750:
571:
1039:
1034:
935:
96:
951:
856:
796:
765:
313:
85:
125:, there is an alternative version in which pieces may not move to any vacant point, but only to any
972:
910:
841:
202:
80:
is an abstract strategy game played on a three by three board (counting lines) that is similar to
100:
A board for three men's morris. This pattern has been found carved into the roof of the temple of
667:
541:
417:
275:
121:
700:
638:
704:
671:
642:
494:
421:
279:
1003:
861:
531:
271:
871:
831:
826:
742:
323:, pieces are placed (or marks are made) until the board is full; if neither player has an
116:
208:
804:
693:
634:
627:
1028:
413:
993:
290:
195:
162:
341:, the same game with additional rule that pieces can only move to adjacent spaces.
536:
519:
1008:
988:
930:
819:
788:
367:
320:
170:
131:
88:. A player wins by forming a mill, that is, three of their own pieces in a row.
81:
983:
956:
886:
338:
324:
267:
263:
158:
143:
199:, according to R. C. Bell. In book III (c. 8 CE), after discussing
161:. However, Friedrich Berger wrote that some of the diagrams at Kurna include
17:
355:
259:
186:
316:
use six and nine pieces, respectively, and are played on different boards.
998:
252:
233: The scriptures, how many months is there in a slippery year:
239:
He would have made a thousand jokes; it is a shame not to know the girl
1013:
966:
902:
814:
379:
294:
256:
545:
809:
728:
468:
See the section "#245: Three men's morris – Solution".
348:
189:, c. 500 BCE. Centuries later, the game was mentioned in
846:
836:
372:
360:
178:
147:
101:
190:
761:
757:
286:—and forming a diagonal row did not win the game.
241: To play: love is often prepared by playing.
215: Scriptula, quot menses lubricus annus habet:
664:
410:
237: In which victory he continued his people.
944:
879:
795:
699:. Shelburne, Vermont: Chapters Publishing. p.
327:
or diagonal line at this point, the game is a draw.
67:
59:
51:
43:
35:
692:
626:
235:A small panel holds three stones on both sides,
219: In qua vicisse est continuasse suos.
448:. London: Oxford University Press. p. 614.
229:
223: Ludere: ludendo saepe paratur amor.
221:Mille facesse iocos; turpe est nescire puellam
211:
217:Parva tabella capit ternos utrimque lapillos,
773:
731:with another person as real-time browser game
403:
401:
399:
397:
213:Est genus, in totidem tenui ratione redactum
84:. It is also related to six men's morris and
8:
231:It is a genus, reduced to the same thinness
30:
298:
200:
150:in Egypt"; he estimated a date for them of
780:
766:
758:
601:Elliott Avedon Museum and Archive of Games
568:Elliott Avedon Museum and Archive of Games
303:, which means a counter or gaming piece."
747:A History of Board Games other than Chess
535:
518:Culin, Stewart (October–December 1900).
439:
437:
95:
393:
289:The name of the game may be related to
29:
130:this variant of the game, there is a
7:
207:, a popular board game, Ovid wrote:
25:
916:Harary's generalized tic-tac-toe
870:
691:Simonds Mohr, Merilyn (1993).
185:was played during the time of
1:
151:
603:. 2005-09-12. Archived from
570:. 2005-09-12. Archived from
537:10.1525/aa.1900.2.4.02a00040
251:Boards were carved into the
1056:
926:Strategy-stealing argument
493:(1): 11–25. Archived from
478:Berger, Friedrich (2004).
868:
729:Three Men's Morris online
444:Murray, H. J. R. (1913).
227:This, translated, says:
751:Oxford University Press
524:American Anthropologist
299:
249:
243:
225:
201:
105:
27:Abstract strategy game
936:Paper-and-pencil game
625:King, Daniel (2003).
312:Six men's morris and
244:
181:. It is thought that
177:('six man chess') in
99:
921:Hales–Jewett theorem
857:Ultimate tic-tac-toe
662:Bell, R. C. (1979).
408:Bell, R. C. (1979).
842:Quantum tic-tac-toe
32:
979:Three men's morris
695:The Games Treasury
670:. pp. 55–56.
668:Dover Publications
520:"Philippine Games"
446:A History of Chess
420:. pp. 91–92.
418:Dover Publications
122:A History of Chess
106:
78:Three men's morris
31:Three men's Morris
1022:
1021:
952:Nine men's morris
487:Rock Art Research
314:nine men's morris
280:Westminster Abbey
112:an adjacent one.
86:nine men's morris
75:
74:
16:(Redirected from
1047:
911:Kaplansky's game
880:Related concepts
874:
862:Wild tic-tac-toe
782:
775:
768:
759:
754:
743:Murray, H. J. R.
715:
714:
698:
688:
682:
681:
659:
653:
652:
632:
622:
616:
615:
613:
612:
589:
583:
582:
580:
579:
556:
550:
549:
539:
515:
509:
508:
506:
505:
499:
484:
475:
469:
467:
456:
450:
449:
441:
432:
431:
405:
302:
206:
156:
153:
132:winning strategy
33:
21:
1055:
1054:
1050:
1049:
1048:
1046:
1045:
1044:
1025:
1024:
1023:
1018:
940:
875:
866:
832:Order and Chaos
827:Number Scrabble
791:
786:
741:
738:
736:Further reading
724:
719:
718:
711:
690:
689:
685:
678:
661:
660:
656:
649:
624:
623:
619:
610:
608:
591:
590:
586:
577:
575:
558:
557:
553:
517:
516:
512:
503:
501:
497:
482:
477:
476:
472:
458:
457:
453:
443:
442:
435:
428:
407:
406:
395:
390:
309:
240:
238:
236:
234:
232:
222:
220:
218:
216:
214:
154:
140:
117:H. J. R. Murray
94:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1053:
1051:
1043:
1042:
1037:
1027:
1026:
1020:
1019:
1017:
1016:
1011:
1006:
1001:
996:
991:
986:
981:
976:
969:
964:
963:
962:
954:
948:
946:
942:
941:
939:
938:
933:
928:
923:
918:
913:
908:
900:
883:
881:
877:
876:
869:
867:
865:
864:
859:
854:
849:
844:
839:
834:
829:
824:
823:
822:
812:
807:
805:3D tic-tac-toe
801:
799:
793:
792:
787:
785:
784:
777:
770:
762:
756:
755:
737:
734:
733:
732:
723:
722:External links
720:
717:
716:
709:
683:
676:
654:
647:
635:Kingfisher plc
617:
584:
551:
530:(4): 643–656.
526:. New Series.
510:
470:
466:. Nov 1, 2023.
451:
433:
426:
392:
391:
389:
386:
385:
384:
376:
364:
352:
342:
332:
328:
317:
308:
305:
293:(and hence to
163:Coptic crosses
139:
136:
93:
90:
73:
72:
69:
65:
64:
61:
57:
56:
53:
49:
48:
45:
41:
40:
37:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1052:
1041:
1038:
1036:
1033:
1032:
1030:
1015:
1012:
1010:
1007:
1005:
1002:
1000:
997:
995:
992:
990:
987:
985:
982:
980:
977:
975:
974:
970:
968:
965:
960:
959:
958:
955:
953:
950:
949:
947:
945:Similar games
943:
937:
934:
932:
929:
927:
924:
922:
919:
917:
914:
912:
909:
907:
905:
901:
899:
897:
893:
889:
885:
884:
882:
878:
873:
863:
860:
858:
855:
853:
850:
848:
845:
843:
840:
838:
835:
833:
830:
828:
825:
821:
818:
817:
816:
813:
811:
808:
806:
803:
802:
800:
798:
794:
790:
783:
778:
776:
771:
769:
764:
763:
760:
752:
748:
744:
740:
739:
735:
730:
726:
725:
721:
712:
710:1-881527-23-9
706:
702:
697:
696:
687:
684:
679:
677:0-486-23855-5
673:
669:
665:
658:
655:
650:
648:0-7534-0816-3
644:
640:
636:
631:
630:
621:
618:
607:on 2007-02-08
606:
602:
598:
594:
588:
585:
574:on 2007-02-08
573:
569:
565:
561:
555:
552:
547:
543:
538:
533:
529:
525:
521:
514:
511:
500:on 2004-11-21
496:
492:
488:
481:
474:
471:
465:
464:New Scientist
461:
460:"Puzzle #246"
455:
452:
447:
440:
438:
434:
429:
427:0-486-23855-5
423:
419:
415:
414:New York City
411:
404:
402:
400:
398:
394:
387:
382:
381:
377:
374:
370:
369:
365:
362:
358:
357:
353:
350:
346:
343:
340:
336:
333:
329:
326:
322:
318:
315:
311:
310:
307:Related games
306:
304:
301:
296:
292:
291:Morris dances
287:
285:
281:
277:
273:
269:
265:
261:
258:
255:seats at the
254:
248:
242:
228:
224:
210:
209:
205:
204:
198:
197:
192:
188:
184:
180:
176:
172:
168:
164:
160:
149:
145:
142:According to
137:
135:
133:
128:
124:
123:
118:
115:According to
113:
109:
103:
98:
91:
89:
87:
83:
79:
70:
66:
62:
58:
54:
50:
47:< 1 minute
46:
42:
38:
34:
19:
18:MĹ‚ynek (game)
1040:Solved games
1035:Morris games
994:Connect Four
978:
971:
961:Tic-Stac-Toe
903:
895:
891:
887:
746:
694:
686:
666:. New York:
663:
657:
628:
620:
609:. Retrieved
605:the original
596:
593:"Nine Holes"
587:
576:. Retrieved
572:the original
563:
554:
527:
523:
513:
502:. Retrieved
495:the original
490:
486:
473:
463:
454:
445:
409:
378:
366:
354:
344:
334:
288:
283:
250:
245:
230:
226:
212:
196:Ars Amatoria
194:
183:luk tsut k'i
182:
175:luk tsut k'i
174:
166:
141:
126:
120:
114:
110:
107:
77:
76:
52:Playing time
1009:Toss Across
931:Futile game
820:Treblecross
789:Tic-tac-toe
637:. pp.
321:tic-tac-toe
171:Philippines
155: 1400
82:tic-tac-toe
55:< 1 hour
1029:Categories
984:Nine Holes
957:Score Four
611:2007-01-09
578:2007-01-09
504:2007-01-12
388:References
339:Philippine
325:orthogonal
284:nine-holes
268:Gloucester
264:Canterbury
260:cathedrals
144:R. C. Bell
44:Setup time
597:Row Games
564:Row Games
560:"Tapatan"
356:Tant Fant
276:Salisbury
187:Confucius
999:Connect6
797:Variants
745:(1952).
300:merellus
253:cloister
203:latrones
127:adjacent
71:Strategy
1014:Pentago
967:Gobblet
815:Notakto
380:Picaria
371:, from
359:, from
347:, from
345:Marelle
337:, from
335:Tapatan
295:Moorish
272:Norwich
257:English
169:in the
167:tapatan
138:History
36:Players
973:Quarto
810:Gomoku
707:
674:
645:
546:659313
544:
424:
349:France
157:
68:Skills
60:Chance
898:-game
847:Renju
837:Pente
727:Play
639:10–11
629:Games
542:JSTOR
498:(PDF)
483:(PDF)
373:Ghana
361:India
247:play.
179:China
148:Kurna
102:Kurna
92:Rules
989:Achi
906:game
705:ISBN
672:ISBN
643:ISBN
422:ISBN
368:Achi
278:and
191:Ovid
173:and
63:None
1004:OXO
852:SOS
532:doi
319:In
262:at
193:'s
159:BCE
119:’s
1031::
749:.
703:.
701:28
641:.
633:.
599:.
595:.
566:.
562:.
540:.
522:.
491:21
489:.
485:.
462:.
436:^
416::
412:.
396:^
274:,
270:,
266:,
152:c.
904:n
896:k
894:,
892:n
890:,
888:m
781:e
774:t
767:v
753:.
713:.
680:.
651:.
614:.
581:.
548:.
534::
528:2
507:.
430:.
104:.
39:2
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
