806:
millimetres (7.7 in) at 2,000 yards (1,800 m). It could also penetrate 124 millimetres (4.9 in) 60-degree sloped rolled-homogeneous armor at 1,000 yards (910 m) and 114 millimetres (4.5 in) at 2,000 yards (1,800 m). The commander could select from 34 rounds of either M358 Armor-Piercing
Ballistic Cap Tracer Rounds or M469 HEAT shells, mounted at the rear of the turret and in the hull. With both loaders, the maximum firing rate of the gun was five rounds per minute, owing to the design of the two-piece ammunition. Using the electrohydraulic turret traverse, the gunner could turn the turret at 18 degrees per second, with 15 degrees of elevation and 8 degrees of gun depression.
1259:
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1243:
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This separate-loading system necessitated the use of two loaders. The only part of the cartridge case consumed during firing was the propellant and a plastic cap on the end of the brass cartridge case. The spent brass cartridge case was ejected after firing. The M1A1 tank's 4.7 in (120 mm) main gun is a smooth bore firing a semi-caseless round, ejecting only a back cap of the original loaded round; the bulk of the M1A1's 4.7 in (120 mm) shell casing is consumed during firing.
31:
3203:
1461:
1271:. The US Army heavy armor battalion, in contrast to other armor units, was organized into four tank companies, composed of six platoons each, of which each platoon contained three M103s, for a total of 18 tanks per company. Standard US Army armor battalions at the time had three companies per battalion, each with three five-tank platoons, with 17 tanks per company (two tanks were in headquarters platoon).
1498:
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The M103 was designed to mount the 4.7 in (120 mm) M58 gun, fitted in the M89 turret mount. Using standard Armor-Piercing
Ballistic Cap Tracer Rounds, it was capable of penetrating 221 millimetres (8.7 in) of 30-degree sloped rolled-homogeneous armor at 1,000 yards (910 m) and 196
1297:
While the US Army deactivated its heavy armor units with the reception of the new M60 series main battle tanks in 1963, the remaining M103s stayed within the US Marine Corps inventory until they began receiving the M60 series main battle tank. With the disappearance of the heavy tank from US forces
1302:
main battle tank utilize the same caliber of main gun, 4.7 in (120 mm), the M103's cannon was a rifled gun firing a separate-loading round, in which the projectile was loaded into the breech, followed by a cartridge case consisting of a brass case, primer, and propellant in a fixed unit.
1290:
fulfilled the breakthrough functions of M103 heavy tank while retaining the mobility of M48 medium tanks. By that time it was years since US Army had realized Soviet heavy tanks were not as potent as suspected, and thus the M103s were rather overkill and expensive to deal with T-54 and T-55 tanks.
733:
report in July 1957 called for the heavy tank program to be audited. Investigators had been unable to determine the cost of the program, which was estimated in the hundreds of millions of dollars. The report said the Army had hastened production of the tank for war in Korea despite there being no
725:
Testing was unsatisfactory, with the tanks failing to meet
Continental Army Command's standards and being put into storage in August 1955. Following the approval of 98 improvements the tank was redesignated the M103 Heavy Tank in April 1956. Of the 300 T43E1s built, 80 went to the US Army (74 of
763:
tanks, was insufficient to drive the much heavier M103. The tank was, consequently, severely underpowered and very fuel intensive. This presented a host of logistical problems for the vehicle, most prominently the extremely limited range of just 80 miles (130 km). Though this was partially
751:
engine was placed at the rear of the tank, and produced a maximum output of 810 horsepower (600 kW) and 1,600 pound-feet (2,200 N⋅m) of torque, fed through a
General Motors CD-850-4 two-speed transmission. This allowed the 60-short-ton (54 t; 54-long-ton) heavy tank to achieve a
1274:
One of the flaws of M103 vehicle was it did not have adequate reliability in retreat operations. US Army was aware that more Tiger tanks had been lost during retreat operations than during actual combat, and US Army in Europe could not afford that. In Europe it was found that the engine was
801:
tank. The frontal hull glacis was a compound pike, welded at the center seam, with up to 10-inch (250 mm) thick armor at the front. The turret was a massive single-piece cast design, fitted with heavily sloped 10-inch (250 mm) rolled-homogeneous armor.
746:
design. It featured seven road wheels per side, mounted with long-arm independent torsion bars. The 28-inch (71 cm) track was shoed in steel backed rubber chevron tracks, allowing for a ground pressure of 12.9 psi (89 kPa). The
1278:
In addition, the ammunition stowage was not convenient, repeated firing caused excess chamber erosion, and tracks were easily thrown. Last but not least crew safety, comfort and ability to function were impaired by poor interior arrangement.
1829:
US Marine Corps
Reserve Center, Yakima, Washington. This command has been moved onto the Yakima Firing Center, and they took their display tanks with them. They are no longer publicly accessible. The M103 is at 46°40'59.99"N 120° 27'10.94"W
698:
Some 300 tanks were built between 1953 and 1954, initially designated T43E1. Details about the tank, including production plans and specifications, were tightly held. Seeking to keep the tank out of public sight, Secretary of
Defense
1266:
US Army 7th Army wanted the new heavy tank to supplement its M48 tanks. In Europe, the US Army fielded only one battalion of heavy tanks, from
January 1958, originally assigned to the 899th Tank Battalion, later re-designated the
1367:– Two vehicles produced from 1955–1956. Turret basket and gunner moved to front of turret. New targeting system (T52 rangefinder, T33 computer, T44 gunners periscopic sight) and hydraulic turret traverse replaced with electric
792:
For ease of production, many of the large components of the tank were made from cast armor. This design scheme was also much more mass efficient than traditional rolled plate armor. Despite being better protected than the
730:
1379:
Produced in 1959. 219 converted or rebuilt. New sight (Stereoscopic T52) and M14 ballistic computer. Removed one coaxial machine gun. New turret electric amplidyne system traverse. Turret basket.
726:
which were rebuilt to M103 standard), and 220 were accepted by the US Marine Corps, to be used as infantry support, rebuilt successively to improved M103A1 and then later M103A2 standards.
1393:, increasing the road range to 295 mi (480 km) and maximum speed to 23 mph (37 km/h). The M15 Stereoscopic Rangefinder is replaced to M24 Coincidence Rangefinder.
1783:
718:
policy of a broad production base in favor of Wilson's "single, efficient producer" concept. In
September Wilson chose General Motors over Chrysler to take over production of the
3271:
1294:
The US Marine Corps assigned one M103 company to each of its three Marine tank battalions, including its Marine reserve units. The M103 was never used in combat.
2876:
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564:
3256:
695:, if conflict with the Eastern Bloc broke out. Its long-ranged 4.7 in (120 mm) cannon was designed to destroy enemy tanks at extreme distances.
2058:
3251:
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797:-series of prototypes which preceded it, the M103 was nearly 10 short tons (9.1 t; 8.9 long tons) lighter, making it competitive with the Soviet
764:
corrected with the introduction of the AV-1790-2 diesel unit, the M103 would remain cumbersome and fuel-thirsty for the majority of its service life.
2084:
2005:
1954:
2634:
1980:
1867:
Fort
Huachuca, Arizona, at 31°37'27.94"N 110°19'45.42"W, 31°37'28.04"N 110°19'38.20"W, and 31°37'30.04"N 110°19'36.56"W. 2 others are unlocated.
1802:
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came the full acceptance of the main battle tank in 1960 for the US Army, and 1973 for the US Marine Corps. Although the later variants of the
1409:
Initially built 1954–1955 and modified 1956–1958 to bring up to standard. Tank recovery version of the M103 heavy tank. 187 built by
Chrysler.
3261:
1258:
1838:
A second vehicle is on display behind the old Marine Reserve Center, Yakima WA, at the Calvary Cemetery, at 46°34'28.79"N 120°32'21.26"W
676:
The first T43 pilot model was completed in November 1951. Officials said the tank would "out-slug any land-fighting machine ever built."
2331:
333:
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Initial production versions suffered a host of drivetrain mechanical problems. The Continental powerpack, shared by the much lighter
2487:
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1545:
491:
742:
Following contemporary American design philosophy, the M103 was built with a two-piece, cast elliptic armor scheme, similar to the
2896:
1519:
3206:
3058:
1523:
722:. General Motors would also become heir to any additional T43 orders after Chrysler tank production wrapped up in June 1954.
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operated 220 T43E1 tanks, 219 of them which were later converted to the M103A1 then 154 were rebuilt to the M103A2 standard.
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a $ 99 million contract to produce the tank. Chrysler tasked Robert T. Keller, the son of Chrysler Board Chairman
2979:
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In December 1950, the U.S. Army made blueprints for a heavy tank reference design. In January 1951, it awarded
1275:
underpowered, requiring replacement of engines and transmissions after only about 500 mi (800 km).
3188:
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216:
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need for it there. The tank was also unsuited to the rigors of the nuclear battlefield, the report said.
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438:
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352:
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The M103 was placed on the road to obsolescence when the US Army shifted to the concept of a single
3227:
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574:
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M103A2s modified in 1977 for use as targets in training TOW missile crews (firing dummy warheads).
3168:
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227:
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maximum road speed of 21 miles per hour (34 km/h) and a maximum climbing gradient of 60%.
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798:
711:. In May 1954, the tank was debuted publicly at a demonstration at the Newark tank plant.
692:
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36:
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1286:
optimizing firepower, protection, and mobility in a single medium tank design. The U.S.
645:. Introduced in 1957, it served until 1974, by which time evolution of the concept of a
3153:
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684:
481:
2006:"Super-Tank--It Will 'Outslug Anything'-- Built 10 Months After Plant Was Started"
1862:
non-functioning, rusted interior, missing track pieces and wheels on the exterior
30:
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operated 80 T43E1 tanks, 74 of them were later converted to the M103 standard.
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238:
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451:
120:
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2647:
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1870:
5 M103A2s All have been exposed to the elements, with all missing parts.
1854:
Clay County Veterans Memorial in Lineville City Park, Lineville, Alabama
1390:
1287:
658:
642:
539:
231:
124:
85:
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767:
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2749:
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2409:
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Produced 1964. 153 converted or rebuilt. New 750 hp (559 kW)
413:
1311:
3163:
3108:
3103:
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3002:
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665:, with overseeing its design, and construction at the company's new
1397:
2891:
2806:
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1467:
1464:
M103A2 heavy tank in front of Armed Forces Reserve Center Syracuse
1459:
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1396:
1310:
1257:
1241:
810:
766:
559:
128:
1875:
Pima Air & Space Museum, Tucson, Arizona in outdoor storage.
3083:
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2801:
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2779:
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1401:
M51 recovery vehicle under evaluation tests at Fort Knox in 1951
519:
2616:
2313:
1262:
A Marine M103 on American-Spanish naval exercises, October 1964
315:
1756:
1491:
2157:
2155:
1704:
Marine Corps Mechanized Museum, Camp Pendleton, California
809:
The armor was made from welded rolled and cast homogeneous
299:
1933:
1931:
1775:
American Armor Foundation Tank Museum, Danville, Virginia
1859:
Camp Roberts Historical Museum, Camp Roberts, California
1846:
Institute of Military Technology, Titusville, Florida
1784:
United States Army TACOM Life Cycle Management Command
280:
280 US gallons (1,100 L; 230 imp gal)
3031:
2993:
2935:
2862:
2654:
2594:
2486:
2433:
2385:
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1373:– Produced in 1957. 74 converted into other models.
598:
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437:
389:
351:
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266:
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91:
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68:
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53:
43:
21:
2287:Patton: A History of the American Main Battle Tank
1322:holding an M356 HE-T high-explosive round in 1959
1948:
1946:
1725:Euclid City Hall, E. 222nd Street. Euclid, Ohio
2268:Firepower: A History of the American Heavy Tank
1657:45th Infantry Museum, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
986:1,710 lb⋅ft (2,320 N⋅m) at 1800 rpm
983:1,600 lb⋅ft (2,170 N⋅m) at 2200 rpm
980:1,575 lb⋅ft (2,140 N⋅m) at 2200 rpm
849:147.6 in (3.7 m) (over sandshields)
2628:
2325:
327:
262:CD-850-4A or -4B, 2 ranges forward, 1 reverse
8:
1583:U.S. Army Ordnance Center and Museum at the
1526:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
1472:M103 tank at Camp Roberts Historical Museum
944:145 mi (233 km) (jettison tanks)
714:In 1953, the Pentagon began to reverse the
3212:
2635:
2621:
2613:
2332:
2318:
2310:
334:
320:
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18:
3272:Military vehicles introduced in the 1950s
3217:List of modern armoured fighting vehicles
2245:
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2221:
2209:
2197:
2185:
2173:
2161:
2146:
2108:
1937:
1922:
1910:
1546:Learn how and when to remove this message
860:126.7 in (3.2 m) (over cupola)
852:143.0 in (3.6 m) (over tracks)
703:nixed an October 1953 exhibition for the
1955:"Fifty-Ton Monsters With a Mighty Punch"
1803:U.S. Army Armor & Cavalry Collection
1665:Armed Forces Center, Syracuse, New York
1560:
1326:Ammunition for M103's M58 gun included:
1248:U.S. Army Armor & Cavalry Collection
1084:
815:
163:5 (commander, gunner, driver, 2 loaders)
1903:
1480:Blown out M103 on Ft. Huachuca, Arizona
2271:, Novato, California: Presidio Press,
1682:Military Vehicle Technology Foundation
1355:– Six pilot vehicles produced in 1951.
958:740 hp (550 kW) at 2400 rpm
955:810 hp (600 kW) at 2800 rpm
241:, air-cooled, twin turbocharged diesel
1488:M103A2 display at the AAF Tank Museum
863:140.1 in (3.6 m) (over MG)
7:
1981:"Chrysler to Build a New Super-tank"
1673:Credit Island Park, Davenport, Iowa
1624:Rod Lowe Post #124 American Legion,
1524:adding citations to reliable sources
3257:Cold War tanks of the United States
2059:"Long-Secret Tank Tested In Public"
2032:"New Tank Display Vetoed by Wilson"
1558:Existing M103 and M103A2s include:
1025:T122 4.7 in (120 mm) gun
771:The crew of an M103A1 consisted of:
683:, the M103 was designed to counter
139:37 ft 2 in (11.33 m)
2123:"Tank Order Held a Costly Failure"
1578:Blown out, former practice target
731:Government Operations subcommittee
237:(M103A2) Continental AVDS-1790-2,
155:10 ft 6 in (3.20 m)
147:12 ft 2 in (3.71 m)
14:
2057:Weart, William G. (14 May 1954).
1717:Pioneer Park, Nacogdoches, Texas
1000:128,000 lb (58,060 kg)
997:125,000 lb (56,700 kg)
994:120,000 lb (54,430 kg)
969:13.0 hp/ST (10.7 kW/t)
966:13.5 hp/ST (11.1 kW/t)
901:96 in (2.4 m) (w/ kit)
899:48 in (1.2 m) (w/o kit)
649:considered heavy tanks obsolete.
3252:Heavy tanks of the United States
3211:
3202:
3201:
2083:Abel, Elie (12 September 1953).
1496:
972:11.7 hp/ST (9.6 kW/t)
251:M103A2: 12.7 hp (9.5 kW) / tonne
29:
2121:Trussell, C.P. (31 July 1957).
1709:Newman Park, Sweetwater, Texas
687:heavy tanks, such as the later
1979:Abel, Elie (19 January 1951).
1953:Palmer, C.B. (27 April 1951).
1812:M103A1, M103A2, T43 & M51
1684:in Portola Valley, California
1079:5 rounds/minute (two loaders)
679:Like the contemporary British
92:
1:
2085:"G. M. Is Heir to New Orders"
705:American Ordnance Association
306:M103A2: 23 mph (37 km/h)
1692:3d Cavalry Regiment Museum,
1017:13.2 psi (91 kPa)
1014:13.0 psi (90 kPa)
1011:12.9 psi (89 kPa)
1008:12.4 psi (85 kPa)
874:15.4 in (39.1 cm)
871:16.1 in (40.9 cm)
841:442.2 in (11.2 m)
838:448.6 in (11.4 m)
294:M103A2: 295 mi (480 km)
3262:Heavy tanks of the Cold War
888:23 mph (37 km/h)
885:21 mph (34 km/h)
882:25 mph (40 km/h)
304:M103: 21 mph (34 km/h)
3288:
2341:Tanks of the United States
1770:M103A2, running condition
1574:Camp Pendleton, California
1413:Manned Evasive Target Tank
1407:Heavy Recovery Vehicle M51
947:300 mi (480 km)
639:United States Marine Corps
623:120mm gun combat tank M103
344:Tanks of the United States
235:810 hp (604 kW)
178:127 mm (5 in) @ 60 degrees
3197:
2285:Hunnicutt, R. P. (1984),
2263:Hunnicutt, Richard Pearce
1078:
1070:
1056:
1048:
1045:
1037:
1027:
996:
982:
968:
954:
939:80 mi (130 km)
938:
930:
920:8.5 ft (2.6 m)
919:
917:7.5 ft (2.3 m)
916:
908:
898:
895:
884:
873:
862:
851:
837:
292:M103: 80 mi (130 km)
215:1×.50-cal (12.7 mm)
208:2×.30-cal (7.62 mm)
167:
54:Place of origin
28:
3169:Vickers MBT Mk 4 Valiant
1585:Aberdeen Proving Grounds
1254:(now Fort Moore) in 2023
1094:Thickness – inches (mm)
942:80 mi (130 km)
931:36 in (0.9 m)
928:27 in (0.7 m)
896:48 in (1.2 m)
1893:canceled M103 successor
1733:Heritage Center of the
1269:2d Battalion, 33d Armor
716:Truman administration's
709:Aberdeen Proving Ground
621:(officially designated
230:12-cylinder air-cooled
2473:Marmon-Herrington CTLS
2367:Holt gas–electric tank
1750:M103 hulk for testing
1615:Mt. Sterling, Kentucky
1489:
1481:
1473:
1465:
1457:
1402:
1323:
1263:
1255:
991:Weight, combat loaded
963:Power-to-weight ratio
813:of varying thickness.
789:
653:Design and development
477:Marmon-Herrington CTLS
371:Holt gas–electric tank
3232:Tanks in the Cold War
3094:M8 armored gun system
2581:M8 armored gun system
1759:in Anniston, Alabama
1745:Dugway Proving Ground
1487:
1479:
1471:
1463:
1455:
1400:
1314:
1261:
1245:
835:Length (gun forward)
770:
585:M8 armored gun system
210:M1919A4E1 machine gun
37:Bovington Tank Museum
1817:Range 68 MOUT site,
1649:, Anniston, Alabama
1626:Greensburg, Kentucky
1520:improve this section
1361:– 300 built in 1953.
1246:T43 pilot #1 at the
1035:Elevation, main gun
3267:History of the tank
3228:Tank classification
3224:History of the tank
1786:, Warren, Michigan
1735:Yuma Proving Ground
1456:M103A2 at Ft. Lewis
1087:
1029:M58 120 mm gun
749:Continental AV-1790
633:that served in the
194:120 mm gun M58 L/60
16:American heavy tank
3149:Spähpanzer SP I.C.
3074:Expeditionary Tank
2882:M41 Walker Bulldog
2576:Expeditionary tank
2496:M41 Walker Bulldog
2289:, Presidio Press,
2236:, p. 161-162.
2127:The New York Times
2089:The New York Times
2063:The New York Times
2036:The New York Times
2012:. 19 December 1951
2010:The New York Times
1985:The New York Times
1959:The New York Times
1595:Radcliff, Kentucky
1490:
1482:
1474:
1466:
1458:
1448:Surviving examples
1403:
1324:
1317:1st Tank Battalion
1264:
1256:
1206:5.38–2.78 (137–70)
1085:
790:
635:United States Army
580:Expeditionary tank
500:M41 Walker Bulldog
277:Fuel capacity
228:Continental AV1790
180:254 mm LoS (10 in)
77:Production history
3239:
3238:
3184:WZ-132 light tank
3179:WZ-111 heavy tank
3144:Spähpanzer Ru 251
2703:CM-11 Brave Tiger
2610:
2609:
2571:Commando Stingray
2400:Medium tank M1922
2395:Medium tank M1921
1882:
1881:
1821:, North Carolina
1605:Shively, Kentucky
1556:
1555:
1548:
1235:
1234:
1159:Hull floor, front
1115:Hull front, lower
1104:Hull front, upper
1097:Angle to vertical
1083:
1082:
868:Ground clearance
701:Charles E. Wilson
614:
613:
575:Commando Stingray
404:Medium tank M1922
399:Medium tank M1921
310:
309:
217:M2 AA machine gun
3279:
3215:
3214:
3205:
3204:
3174:Vickers MBT Mk 7
2902:SK-105 Kürassier
2854:Vickers MBT Mk 3
2842:Vickers MBT Mk 1
2637:
2630:
2623:
2614:
2448:M3/M5 light tank
2372:M1917 light tank
2362:Ford 3-ton M1918
2334:
2327:
2320:
2311:
2299:
2281:
2249:
2243:
2237:
2231:
2225:
2219:
2213:
2207:
2201:
2195:
2189:
2183:
2177:
2171:
2165:
2159:
2150:
2144:
2138:
2137:
2135:
2133:
2118:
2112:
2106:
2100:
2099:
2097:
2095:
2080:
2074:
2073:
2071:
2069:
2054:
2048:
2047:
2045:
2043:
2038:. 4 October 1953
2028:
2022:
2021:
2019:
2017:
2002:
1996:
1995:
1993:
1991:
1976:
1970:
1969:
1967:
1965:
1950:
1941:
1935:
1926:
1920:
1914:
1908:
1824:non-functioning
1767:, Bovington, UK
1737:, Yuma, Arizona
1720:non-functioning
1712:non-functioning
1561:
1551:
1544:
1540:
1537:
1531:
1500:
1492:
1315:US Marine Corps
1284:main battle tank
1170:Hull floor, rear
1140:equals 1.75 (44)
1137:Hull side, lower
1126:Hull side, upper
1088:
1049:17 seconds/360°
1046:20 seconds/360°
1005:Ground pressure
816:
667:Newark, Delaware
647:main battle tank
452:M3/M5 light tank
376:M1917 light tank
366:Ford 3-ton M1918
345:
336:
329:
322:
313:
301:
94:
33:
24:
23:M103 heavy tank
19:
3287:
3286:
3282:
3281:
3280:
3278:
3277:
3276:
3242:
3241:
3240:
3235:
3193:
3159:T95 medium tank
3036:
3027:
2989:
2931:
2858:
2795:Lion of Babylon
2650:
2641:
2611:
2606:
2590:
2531:T95 medium tank
2482:
2429:
2381:
2343:
2338:
2306:
2297:
2284:
2279:
2261:
2258:
2253:
2252:
2244:
2240:
2232:
2228:
2220:
2216:
2208:
2204:
2196:
2192:
2184:
2180:
2172:
2168:
2160:
2153:
2145:
2141:
2131:
2129:
2120:
2119:
2115:
2107:
2103:
2093:
2091:
2082:
2081:
2077:
2067:
2065:
2056:
2055:
2051:
2041:
2039:
2030:
2029:
2025:
2015:
2013:
2004:
2003:
1999:
1989:
1987:
1978:
1977:
1973:
1963:
1961:
1952:
1951:
1944:
1936:
1929:
1921:
1917:
1909:
1905:
1900:
1891:T110 heavy tank
1887:
1765:The Tank Museum
1552:
1541:
1535:
1532:
1517:
1501:
1450:
1422:
1349:
1309:
1240:
1098:
1054:Elevation rate
943:
900:
784:- two loaders,
772:
740:
689:IS-series tanks
655:
619:M103 heavy tank
615:
610:
594:
535:T95 medium tank
486:
433:
385:
347:
343:
340:
305:
293:
289:
287:
243:750 hp (560 kW)
242:
236:
234:
214:
212:
205:
203:
189:
187:
179:
168:
69:In service
64:Service history
39:
22:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3285:
3283:
3275:
3274:
3269:
3264:
3259:
3254:
3244:
3243:
3237:
3236:
3220:
3219:
3209:
3207:Cold War tanks
3198:
3195:
3194:
3192:
3191:
3186:
3181:
3176:
3171:
3166:
3161:
3156:
3154:T92 light tank
3151:
3146:
3141:
3136:
3131:
3126:
3121:
3116:
3111:
3106:
3101:
3096:
3091:
3086:
3081:
3076:
3071:
3066:
3061:
3056:
3051:
3046:
3040:
3038:
3029:
3028:
3026:
3025:
3020:
3015:
3010:
3005:
2999:
2997:
2991:
2990:
2988:
2987:
2982:
2977:
2972:
2967:
2962:
2957:
2952:
2947:
2941:
2939:
2933:
2932:
2930:
2929:
2924:
2919:
2914:
2909:
2904:
2899:
2894:
2889:
2884:
2879:
2874:
2868:
2866:
2860:
2859:
2857:
2856:
2851:
2850:
2849:
2839:
2834:
2829:
2824:
2819:
2814:
2809:
2804:
2799:
2798:
2797:
2792:
2782:
2777:
2772:
2767:
2765:Stridsvagn 103
2762:
2757:
2752:
2747:
2742:
2737:
2736:
2735:
2725:
2720:
2715:
2710:
2705:
2700:
2695:
2690:
2685:
2684:
2683:
2673:
2672:
2671:
2660:
2658:
2652:
2651:
2642:
2640:
2639:
2632:
2625:
2617:
2608:
2607:
2605:
2604:
2598:
2596:
2592:
2591:
2589:
2588:
2586:Block III tank
2583:
2578:
2573:
2568:
2563:
2558:
2553:
2548:
2543:
2541:T92 light tank
2538:
2533:
2528:
2523:
2518:
2513:
2508:
2503:
2498:
2492:
2490:
2484:
2483:
2481:
2480:
2475:
2470:
2465:
2460:
2455:
2450:
2445:
2443:M2 medium tank
2439:
2437:
2431:
2430:
2428:
2427:
2425:Christie M1931
2422:
2417:
2412:
2407:
2402:
2397:
2391:
2389:
2383:
2382:
2380:
2379:
2374:
2369:
2364:
2359:
2357:Mark VIII tank
2353:
2351:
2345:
2344:
2339:
2337:
2336:
2329:
2322:
2314:
2305:
2304:External links
2302:
2301:
2300:
2295:
2282:
2277:
2257:
2254:
2251:
2250:
2248:, p. 160.
2246:Hunnicutt 1984
2238:
2234:Hunnicutt 1984
2226:
2224:, p. 115.
2222:Hunnicutt 1984
2214:
2210:Hunnicutt 1984
2202:
2200:, p. 140.
2198:Hunnicutt 1988
2190:
2188:, p. 207.
2186:Hunnicutt 1988
2178:
2176:, p. 206.
2174:Hunnicutt 1988
2166:
2164:, p. 205.
2162:Hunnicutt 1988
2151:
2149:, p. 204.
2147:Hunnicutt 1988
2139:
2113:
2111:, p. 124.
2109:Hunnicutt 1984
2101:
2075:
2049:
2023:
1997:
1971:
1942:
1940:, p. 134.
1938:Hunnicutt 1988
1927:
1925:, p. 144.
1923:Hunnicutt 1988
1915:
1911:Hunnicutt 1984
1902:
1901:
1899:
1896:
1895:
1894:
1886:
1883:
1880:
1879:
1876:
1872:
1871:
1868:
1864:
1863:
1860:
1856:
1855:
1851:
1850:
1847:
1843:
1842:
1839:
1835:
1834:
1831:
1826:
1825:
1822:
1814:
1813:
1810:
1799:
1798:
1795:
1794:, Mississippi
1788:
1787:
1780:
1779:
1776:
1772:
1771:
1768:
1761:
1760:
1752:
1751:
1748:
1741:
1740:
1738:
1730:
1729:
1726:
1722:
1721:
1718:
1714:
1713:
1710:
1706:
1705:
1701:
1700:
1697:
1689:
1688:
1685:
1678:
1677:
1674:
1670:
1669:
1666:
1662:
1661:
1658:
1654:
1653:
1650:
1647:Fort McClellan
1643:
1642:
1639:
1632:
1631:
1628:
1621:
1620:
1617:
1611:
1610:
1607:
1601:
1600:
1597:
1591:
1590:
1587:
1580:
1579:
1576:
1569:
1568:
1565:
1554:
1553:
1504:
1502:
1495:
1449:
1446:
1445:
1444:
1443:
1442:
1435:
1421:
1418:
1417:
1416:
1410:
1395:
1394:
1380:
1374:
1368:
1362:
1356:
1348:
1345:
1344:
1343:
1340:
1337:
1334:
1331:
1320:staff sergeant
1308:
1305:
1239:
1236:
1233:
1232:
1229:
1226:
1222:
1221:
1218:
1215:
1211:
1210:
1207:
1204:
1200:
1199:
1196:
1193:
1189:
1188:
1185:
1184:10–4 (254–102)
1182:
1181:Turret mantlet
1178:
1177:
1174:
1171:
1167:
1166:
1163:
1160:
1156:
1155:
1152:
1149:
1145:
1144:
1141:
1138:
1134:
1133:
1130:
1127:
1123:
1122:
1119:
1116:
1112:
1111:
1108:
1105:
1101:
1100:
1095:
1092:
1081:
1080:
1077:
1073:
1072:
1069:
1066:
1063:
1062:Main gun ammo
1059:
1058:
1055:
1051:
1050:
1047:
1044:
1043:Traverse rate
1040:
1039:
1036:
1032:
1031:
1026:
1023:
1022:Main armament
1019:
1018:
1015:
1012:
1009:
1006:
1002:
1001:
998:
995:
992:
988:
987:
984:
981:
978:
974:
973:
970:
967:
964:
960:
959:
956:
953:
949:
948:
945:
940:
937:
933:
932:
929:
926:
922:
921:
918:
915:
911:
910:
907:
903:
902:
897:
894:
890:
889:
886:
883:
880:
876:
875:
872:
869:
865:
864:
861:
858:
854:
853:
850:
847:
843:
842:
839:
836:
832:
831:
828:
825:
822:
819:
739:
736:
654:
651:
612:
611:
609:
608:
602:
600:
596:
595:
593:
592:
590:Block III tank
587:
582:
577:
572:
567:
562:
557:
552:
547:
545:T92 light tank
542:
537:
532:
527:
522:
517:
512:
507:
502:
496:
494:
488:
487:
485:
484:
479:
474:
469:
464:
459:
454:
449:
447:M2 medium tank
443:
441:
435:
434:
432:
431:
429:Christie M1931
426:
421:
416:
411:
406:
401:
395:
393:
387:
386:
384:
383:
378:
373:
368:
363:
361:Mark VIII tank
357:
355:
349:
348:
341:
339:
338:
331:
324:
316:
308:
307:
302:
300:Maximum speed
296:
295:
290:
285:
282:
281:
278:
274:
273:
268:
264:
263:
260:General Motors
257:
253:
252:
249:
245:
244:
224:
220:
219:
206:
201:
198:
197:
190:
185:
182:
181:
176:
170:
169:
165:
164:
161:
157:
156:
153:
149:
148:
145:
141:
140:
137:
133:
132:
117:
113:
112:
111:Specifications
108:
107:
106:M103A1, M103A2
104:
100:
99:
96:
89:
88:
83:
79:
78:
74:
73:
70:
66:
65:
61:
60:
55:
51:
50:
45:
41:
40:
35:M103A2 at the
34:
26:
25:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3284:
3273:
3270:
3268:
3265:
3263:
3260:
3258:
3255:
3253:
3250:
3249:
3247:
3234:
3233:
3229:
3225:
3218:
3210:
3208:
3200:
3199:
3196:
3190:
3187:
3185:
3182:
3180:
3177:
3175:
3172:
3170:
3167:
3165:
3162:
3160:
3157:
3155:
3152:
3150:
3147:
3145:
3142:
3140:
3137:
3135:
3132:
3130:
3127:
3125:
3122:
3120:
3117:
3115:
3112:
3110:
3107:
3105:
3102:
3100:
3097:
3095:
3092:
3090:
3087:
3085:
3082:
3080:
3077:
3075:
3072:
3070:
3067:
3065:
3062:
3060:
3057:
3055:
3052:
3050:
3047:
3045:
3042:
3041:
3039:
3037:experimentals
3034:
3030:
3024:
3021:
3019:
3016:
3014:
3011:
3009:
3006:
3004:
3001:
3000:
2998:
2996:
2992:
2986:
2983:
2981:
2978:
2976:
2975:Super Sherman
2973:
2971:
2970:Stridsvagn 74
2968:
2966:
2963:
2961:
2958:
2956:
2953:
2951:
2948:
2946:
2943:
2942:
2940:
2938:
2934:
2928:
2925:
2923:
2920:
2918:
2915:
2913:
2910:
2908:
2905:
2903:
2900:
2898:
2895:
2893:
2890:
2888:
2887:M551 Sheridan
2885:
2883:
2880:
2878:
2875:
2873:
2870:
2869:
2867:
2865:
2861:
2855:
2852:
2848:
2845:
2844:
2843:
2840:
2838:
2835:
2833:
2832:Type 80/85/88
2830:
2828:
2825:
2823:
2820:
2818:
2815:
2813:
2810:
2808:
2805:
2803:
2800:
2796:
2793:
2791:
2788:
2787:
2786:
2783:
2781:
2778:
2776:
2773:
2771:
2768:
2766:
2763:
2761:
2758:
2756:
2753:
2751:
2748:
2746:
2743:
2741:
2738:
2734:
2731:
2730:
2729:
2726:
2724:
2721:
2719:
2716:
2714:
2711:
2709:
2706:
2704:
2701:
2699:
2696:
2694:
2691:
2689:
2686:
2682:
2679:
2678:
2677:
2674:
2670:
2667:
2666:
2665:
2662:
2661:
2659:
2657:
2653:
2649:
2645:
2638:
2633:
2631:
2626:
2624:
2619:
2618:
2615:
2603:
2600:
2599:
2597:
2595:Post–Cold War
2593:
2587:
2584:
2582:
2579:
2577:
2574:
2572:
2569:
2567:
2564:
2562:
2559:
2557:
2554:
2552:
2549:
2547:
2546:M551 Sheridan
2544:
2542:
2539:
2537:
2534:
2532:
2529:
2527:
2524:
2522:
2519:
2517:
2514:
2512:
2509:
2507:
2504:
2502:
2499:
2497:
2494:
2493:
2491:
2489:
2485:
2479:
2476:
2474:
2471:
2469:
2466:
2464:
2461:
2459:
2456:
2454:
2451:
2449:
2446:
2444:
2441:
2440:
2438:
2436:
2432:
2426:
2423:
2421:
2420:M2 light tank
2418:
2416:
2415:M1 combat car
2413:
2411:
2408:
2406:
2405:T1 light tank
2403:
2401:
2398:
2396:
2393:
2392:
2390:
2388:
2384:
2378:
2375:
2373:
2370:
2368:
2365:
2363:
2360:
2358:
2355:
2354:
2352:
2350:
2346:
2342:
2335:
2330:
2328:
2323:
2321:
2316:
2315:
2312:
2308:
2303:
2298:
2296:0-89141-230-1
2292:
2288:
2283:
2280:
2278:0-89141-304-9
2274:
2270:
2269:
2264:
2260:
2259:
2255:
2247:
2242:
2239:
2235:
2230:
2227:
2223:
2218:
2215:
2212:, p. 78.
2211:
2206:
2203:
2199:
2194:
2191:
2187:
2182:
2179:
2175:
2170:
2167:
2163:
2158:
2156:
2152:
2148:
2143:
2140:
2128:
2124:
2117:
2114:
2110:
2105:
2102:
2090:
2086:
2079:
2076:
2064:
2060:
2053:
2050:
2037:
2033:
2027:
2024:
2011:
2007:
2001:
1998:
1986:
1982:
1975:
1972:
1960:
1956:
1949:
1947:
1943:
1939:
1934:
1932:
1928:
1924:
1919:
1916:
1913:, p. 35.
1912:
1907:
1904:
1897:
1892:
1889:
1888:
1884:
1877:
1874:
1873:
1869:
1866:
1865:
1861:
1858:
1857:
1853:
1852:
1848:
1845:
1844:
1840:
1837:
1836:
1832:
1828:
1827:
1823:
1820:
1816:
1815:
1811:
1808:
1804:
1801:
1800:
1796:
1793:
1790:
1789:
1785:
1782:
1781:
1777:
1774:
1773:
1769:
1766:
1763:
1762:
1758:
1754:
1753:
1749:
1746:
1743:
1742:
1739:
1736:
1732:
1731:
1727:
1724:
1723:
1719:
1716:
1715:
1711:
1708:
1707:
1703:
1702:
1698:
1695:
1691:
1690:
1686:
1683:
1680:
1679:
1675:
1672:
1671:
1667:
1664:
1663:
1659:
1656:
1655:
1651:
1648:
1645:
1644:
1640:
1638:, Washington
1637:
1634:
1633:
1629:
1627:
1623:
1622:
1618:
1616:
1613:
1612:
1608:
1606:
1603:
1602:
1598:
1596:
1593:
1592:
1588:
1586:
1582:
1581:
1577:
1575:
1571:
1570:
1566:
1563:
1562:
1559:
1550:
1547:
1539:
1529:
1525:
1521:
1515:
1514:
1510:
1505:This section
1503:
1499:
1494:
1493:
1486:
1478:
1470:
1462:
1454:
1447:
1440:
1436:
1433:
1429:
1428:
1427:
1426:United States
1424:
1423:
1419:
1414:
1411:
1408:
1405:
1404:
1399:
1392:
1388:
1387:diesel engine
1384:
1381:
1378:
1375:
1372:
1369:
1366:
1363:
1360:
1357:
1354:
1351:
1350:
1346:
1341:
1338:
1335:
1332:
1329:
1328:
1327:
1321:
1318:
1313:
1306:
1304:
1301:
1295:
1292:
1289:
1285:
1280:
1276:
1272:
1270:
1260:
1253:
1249:
1244:
1237:
1230:
1227:
1224:
1223:
1219:
1216:
1213:
1212:
1208:
1205:
1202:
1201:
1197:
1194:
1191:
1190:
1186:
1183:
1180:
1179:
1175:
1172:
1169:
1168:
1164:
1161:
1158:
1157:
1153:
1150:
1147:
1146:
1142:
1139:
1136:
1135:
1131:
1129:equals 2 (51)
1128:
1125:
1124:
1120:
1117:
1114:
1113:
1109:
1106:
1103:
1102:
1096:
1093:
1090:
1089:
1075:
1074:
1067:
1064:
1061:
1060:
1053:
1052:
1042:
1041:
1034:
1033:
1030:
1024:
1021:
1020:
1016:
1013:
1010:
1007:
1004:
1003:
999:
993:
990:
989:
985:
979:
976:
975:
971:
965:
962:
961:
957:
951:
950:
946:
941:
935:
934:
927:
924:
923:
913:
912:
905:
904:
892:
891:
887:
881:
878:
877:
870:
867:
866:
859:
856:
855:
848:
845:
844:
840:
834:
833:
829:
826:
823:
820:
818:
817:
814:
812:
807:
803:
800:
796:
787:
783:
779:
775:
769:
765:
762:
758:
753:
750:
745:
737:
735:
732:
727:
723:
721:
717:
712:
710:
706:
702:
696:
694:
690:
686:
682:
677:
674:
672:
668:
664:
660:
652:
650:
648:
644:
640:
636:
632:
628:
624:
620:
607:
604:
603:
601:
599:Post–Cold War
597:
591:
588:
586:
583:
581:
578:
576:
573:
571:
568:
566:
563:
561:
558:
556:
553:
551:
550:M551 Sheridan
548:
546:
543:
541:
538:
536:
533:
531:
528:
526:
523:
521:
518:
516:
513:
511:
508:
506:
503:
501:
498:
497:
495:
493:
489:
483:
480:
478:
475:
473:
470:
468:
465:
463:
460:
458:
455:
453:
450:
448:
445:
444:
442:
440:
436:
430:
427:
425:
424:M2 light tank
422:
420:
419:M1 combat car
417:
415:
412:
410:
409:T1 light tank
407:
405:
402:
400:
397:
396:
394:
392:
388:
382:
379:
377:
374:
372:
369:
367:
364:
362:
359:
358:
356:
354:
350:
346:
337:
332:
330:
325:
323:
318:
317:
314:
303:
297:
291:
283:
279:
275:
272:
269:
265:
261:
258:
254:
250:
246:
240:
233:
229:
225:
221:
218:
211:
207:
199:
195:
191:
183:
177:
175:
171:
166:
162:
158:
154:
150:
146:
142:
138:
134:
130:
126:
122:
118:
114:
109:
105:
101:
97:
90:
87:
84:
80:
75:
71:
67:
62:
59:
58:United States
56:
52:
49:
46:
42:
38:
32:
27:
20:
3222:Background:
3221:
3089:Lorraine 40t
3064:EE-T1 Osório
2688:Challenger 1
2478:M26 Pershing
2435:World War II
2307:
2286:
2267:
2256:Bibliography
2241:
2229:
2217:
2205:
2193:
2181:
2169:
2142:
2130:. Retrieved
2126:
2116:
2104:
2092:. Retrieved
2088:
2078:
2066:. Retrieved
2062:
2052:
2040:. Retrieved
2035:
2026:
2014:. Retrieved
2009:
2000:
1988:. Retrieved
1984:
1974:
1962:. Retrieved
1958:
1918:
1906:
1819:Fort Liberty
1694:Fort Cavazos
1572:Range 408A,
1557:
1542:
1533:
1518:Please help
1506:
1439:U.S. Marines
1412:
1406:
1382:
1376:
1370:
1364:
1358:
1352:
1325:
1296:
1293:
1281:
1277:
1273:
1265:
1252:Fort Benning
1192:Turret front
1076:Firing rate
914:Max. trench
808:
804:
791:
785:
781:
777:
773:
754:
741:
728:
724:
713:
697:
678:
675:
656:
626:
625:, initially
622:
618:
616:
482:M26 Pershing
439:World War II
256:Transmission
248:Power/weight
82:Manufacturer
3129:Object 490A
3099:MB-3 Tamoyo
2656:Main battle
2468:M24 Chaffee
2349:World War I
1792:Camp Shelby
1342:M469 HEAT-T
1339:M359E2 TP-T
1330:M358 APBC-T
1214:Turret rear
1203:Turret side
1038:+15° / −8°
906:Max. grade
788:- commander
663:K.T. Keller
641:during the
472:M24 Chaffee
353:World War I
286:Operational
271:torsion bar
196:, 34 rounds
95: built
3246:Categories
3139:Object 785
3134:Object 770
3124:Object 292
3119:Object 279
3114:Object 187
3033:Prototypes
2955:M47 Patton
2950:M46 Patton
2945:Charioteer
2822:Type 69/79
2728:M48 Patton
2602:M10 Booker
2526:M48 Patton
2521:M47 Patton
2501:M46 Patton
2463:M22 Locust
2458:M4 Sherman
2377:Renault FT
1898:References
1809:, Georgia
1807:Fort Moore
1636:Fort Lewis
1536:March 2021
1307:Ammunition
1225:Turret top
1071:38 rounds
1068:33 rounds
1065:34 rounds
1057:4°/second
925:Max. wall
879:Top speed
780:- gunner,
776:- driver,
720:M48 Patton
671:tank plant
631:heavy tank
606:M10 Booker
530:M48 Patton
525:M47 Patton
505:M46 Patton
467:M22 Locust
462:M4 Sherman
381:Renault FT
267:Suspension
213:(co-axial)
192:(4.7 in )
127:; 59
121:short tons
48:Heavy tank
3008:Conqueror
2965:Panzer 61
2960:Panzer 58
2847:Vijayanta
2760:Panzer 68
2723:M1 Abrams
2718:Leopard 2
2713:Leopard 1
2698:Chonma-ho
2693:Chieftain
2676:Centurion
2566:M1 Abrams
2410:T2 medium
2132:25 August
2094:25 August
2068:25 August
2042:25 August
2016:24 August
1990:25 August
1964:24 August
1564:Location
1507:does not
1432:U.S. Army
1420:Operators
1389:from the
1336:M357 WP-T
1333:M356 HE-T
1300:M1 Abrams
1173:1.25 (32)
1118:4.5 (114)
799:T-10/IS-8
738:Specifics
681:Conqueror
629:) was a
570:M1 Abrams
414:T2 medium
226:(M103A1)
202:Secondary
125:long tons
72:1957–1974
3059:Char 25T
2907:Stingray
2740:M60 tank
2648:Cold War
2536:M60 tank
2488:Cold War
2387:Interwar
2265:(1988),
1885:See also
1696:, Texas
1391:M60 tank
1347:Variants
1288:M60 tank
1228:1.5 (38)
1162:1.5 (38)
1148:Hull top
1099:degrees
893:Fording
729:A House
659:Chrysler
643:Cold War
637:and the
540:M60 tank
492:Cold War
391:Interwar
232:gasoline
204:armament
188:armament
103:Variants
86:Chrysler
3079:HSTV(L)
2922:Type 64
2917:Type 63
2912:Type 62
2877:HSTV(L)
2837:Type 90
2827:Type 74
2817:Type 61
2812:Type 59
2750:Merkava
2669:AMX-30E
2646:of the
2561:HSTV(L)
1878:M103A2
1849:M103A2
1841:M103A2
1833:M103A2
1778:M103A2
1755:Former
1747:, Utah
1728:M103A2
1687:M103A2
1668:M103A2
1660:M103A2
1652:M103A2
1641:M103A2
1630:M103A1
1619:M103A1
1609:M103A2
1528:removed
1513:sources
1238:Service
1195:5 (127)
1107:5 (127)
1091:Aspect
977:Torque
857:Height
830:M103A2
827:M103A1
691:or the
565:HSTV(L)
3189:WZ-122
3164:TR-125
3109:MBT-80
3104:MBT-70
3054:AMX-50
3049:AMX-40
3044:AMX-32
3003:ARL 44
2937:Medium
2872:AMX-13
2745:Magach
2664:AMX-30
2551:MBT-70
2453:M3 Lee
2293:
2275:
1567:Model
1383:M103A2
1377:M103A1
1231:85–90
1217:2 (51)
1209:20–40
1151:1 (25)
1086:Armor
952:Power
936:Range
846:Width
685:Soviet
555:MBT-70
457:M3 Lee
223:Engine
152:Height
136:Length
2995:Heavy
2897:PT-85
2892:PT-76
2864:Light
2807:TR-85
2755:OF-40
2733:CM-12
2708:K1 88
2681:Sho't
2644:Tanks
2556:XM803
1797:M103
1699:M103
1676:M103
1599:M103
1589:M103
1365:T43E2
1359:T43E1
1187:0–45
824:M103
811:steel
744:M48's
560:XM803
288:range
174:Armor
144:Width
3084:IS-7
3069:Emil
3023:T-10
3018:M103
3013:IS-4
2985:T-54
2802:T-80
2790:M-84
2785:T-72
2780:T-64
2775:T-62
2770:T-55
2516:T110
2506:M103
2291:ISBN
2273:ISBN
2134:2018
2096:2018
2070:2018
2044:2018
2018:2018
1992:2018
1966:2018
1511:any
1509:cite
1437:The
1430:The
1371:M103
909:60%
821:T43
693:T-10
617:The
520:T110
510:M103
186:Main
160:Crew
123:(58
116:Mass
44:Type
2980:TAM
2927:X1A
2511:T57
1757:VFW
1522:by
1353:T43
1250:at
1220:40
1198:50
1176:90
1165:90
1154:90
1143:30
1132:40
1121:50
1110:60
795:T29
782:3-4
761:M60
757:M48
707:at
627:T43
515:T57
239:V12
119:65
98:300
93:No.
3248::
3230:,
3226:,
2154:^
2125:.
2087:.
2061:.
2034:.
2008:.
1983:.
1957:.
1945:^
1930:^
1805:,
673:.
669:,
3035:,
2636:e
2629:t
2622:v
2333:e
2326:t
2319:v
2136:.
2098:.
2072:.
2046:.
2020:.
1994:.
1968:.
1549:)
1543:(
1538:)
1534:(
1530:.
1516:.
786:5
778:2
774:1
759:/
335:e
328:t
321:v
131:)
129:t
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
