1800:
418:
than the Sun. Also, it is thought to have formed well inside the system's "snow line" at 3.2 AU. However, various models of the system's formation have since converged that the planet attracted large amounts of volatiles before its star had cleared out the ice, and that it now has a core of only six
380:, a process for giving proper names to certain exoplanets and their host stars. The process involved public nomination and voting for the new names. In December 2015, the IAU announced the winning name was Dulcinea for this planet. The winning name was submitted by the Planetario de Pamplona,
647:; C. Lovis; M. Bazot; W. Benz; J.-L. Bertaux; G. Lo Curto; X. Delfosse; C. Mordasini; D. Naef; J.-P. Sivan & S. Vauclair (2004). "A 14 Earth-masses exoplanet around μ Arae".
541:
Pepe, F.; Correia, A. C. M.; Mayor, M.; Tamuz, O.; et al. (2007). "The HARPS search for southern extra-solar planets. VIII. μ Arae, a system with four planets".
1835:
1086:
345:
414:, though they expect a gaseous envelope to compose 5-10% of its mass. A rocky planet this size could possibly have formed, since Mu Arae has a higher
1830:
955:
1845:
456:. This was perhaps due to the discoverers' assumption that the planet would be a silicate super-terrestrial with neither clouds nor a deep
324:
None of the four planets orbiting Mu Arae are directly visible from Earth using currently available tools. All four were found using the
1079:
999:
423:
and gas that the planet would behave more like
Neptune. Indeed, it is now understood that planets this massive are rarely rocky.
373:
30:
79:
336:
The planet's discovery was announced on August 25, 2004. At the time, its minimum mass was reported at just 14 times that of
120:
508:
353:
1825:
1803:
1072:
1464:
437:
If an eroded gas giant, the star would have boiled the planet from a larger protoplanet, of 20 Earth masses up to half
543:
1469:
777:
1244:
603:
54:
814:
434:
in mass (Lammer), or if it could have developed from a gas giant, losing most of its mass on the way (Baraffe).
1106:
608:
364:. The data that revealed the presence of this planet was gathered on 8 nights of observations in June 2004.
109:
99:
1420:
427:
1840:
1615:
1307:
992:
174:
1111:
918:
861:
731:
666:
562:
357:
131:
59:
39:
47:
1095:
457:
385:
314:
936:
908:
877:
851:
747:
721:
682:
656:
578:
552:
411:
35:
1524:
1739:
1484:
1130:
842:
I. Baraffe; Y. Alibert; G. Chabrier; W. Benz (2005). "Birth and fate of hot-Neptune planets".
300:
616:
444:
The planet must be hot because of its proximity to its star. The discoverers chose for it an
1850:
1519:
1514:
1504:
985:
926:
869:
865:
739:
735:
709:
674:
670:
644:
570:
566:
264:
226:
92:
1494:
1734:
1509:
1499:
1489:
704:; O. Tamuz; W. Benz; J.-L. Bertaux; F. Bouchy; J. Couetdic; J. Laskar; C. Lovis; D. Naef;
325:
453:
922:
801:
764:
340:, although later work established a value of 10.5 Earth masses. It orbits very close to
344:, completing one revolution every 9.6 days. The discovery was made with the aid of the
337:
142:
1819:
1166:
1161:
940:
931:
896:
705:
640:
377:
311:
956:"The impact of nonthermal loss processes on planet masses from Neptunes to Jupiters"
881:
751:
686:
597:
582:
1684:
1674:
1604:
1550:
701:
636:
481:
438:
407:
349:
43:
678:
873:
743:
574:
1570:
1565:
1560:
1555:
1199:
476:
449:
431:
415:
390:
318:
765:
NameExoWorlds: An IAU Worldwide
Contest to Name Exoplanets and their Host Stars
1479:
1474:
1370:
1234:
1194:
1184:
1156:
1151:
1138:
1590:
1585:
1575:
1542:
1448:
1443:
1438:
1433:
1428:
1410:
1405:
1400:
1395:
1390:
1385:
1380:
1375:
1365:
1360:
1355:
1350:
1345:
1340:
1335:
1330:
1325:
1320:
1315:
1297:
1292:
1287:
1277:
1267:
1229:
1224:
1209:
1189:
1171:
1146:
1053:
1048:
1043:
186:
504:
410:, the authors of the discovery paper speculated that Mu Arae c could be a
1783:
1778:
1773:
1768:
1718:
1713:
1658:
1653:
1648:
1643:
1638:
1633:
1628:
1623:
1272:
1214:
1179:
856:
726:
661:
557:
1679:
1282:
1262:
1219:
1204:
1064:
1022:
1008:
781:
420:
403:
341:
307:
200:
448:
of 0.35, lighter than albedos chosen to calculate the temperatures of
1753:
1698:
1257:
1252:
977:
818:
463:
445:
441:. If the latter, its current radius could be as high as 0.6 Jupiter.
913:
897:"Probabilistic Forecasting of the Masses and Radii of Other Worlds"
430:. There is disagreement as to whether it is and has always been a
381:
361:
162:
85:
63:
1121:
304:
154:
1068:
981:
288:
149:
16:
Extrasolar planet orbiting Mu Arae in the constellation of Ara
291:
253:
250:
460:
atmosphere. If so the surface temperature would be about
388:
was the love interest of the lead character of the novel
279:
270:
244:
232:
419:
Earth masses. Its core is likely enveloped in so much
804:, International Astronomical Union, 15 December 2015.
285:
276:
247:
241:
426:
Mu Arae c is too far from its star to be subject to
273:
267:
235:
229:
1761:
1752:
1727:
1706:
1697:
1667:
1614:
1603:
1541:
1457:
1419:
1306:
1243:
1129:
1120:
1031:
1015:
802:
Final
Results of NameExoWorlds Public Vote Released
282:
238:
196:
184:
172:
160:
140:
130:
118:
108:
98:
91:
77:
69:
53:
29:
24:
596:
402:Assuming its true mass is comparable to those of
971:The 0.09 AU sub-Jup is there called "HD160691d",
708:; N. C. Santos; J.-P. Sivan; D. Sosnowska &
1080:
993:
712:(2007). "μ Ara, a system with four planets".
346:High Accuracy Radial Velocity Planet Searcher
126:0.09094 AU (13.604 million km)
114:0.07529 AU (11.263 million km)
104:0.10659 AU (15.946 million km)
8:
19:
1758:
1703:
1611:
1538:
1126:
1087:
1073:
1065:
1000:
986:
978:
837:
835:
930:
912:
855:
725:
660:
556:
499:
497:
536:
534:
532:
530:
528:
526:
895:Chen, Jingjing; Kipping, David (2017).
630:
628:
626:
493:
328:method of extrasolar planet detection.
1836:Exoplanets detected by radial velocity
18:
7:
617:participating institution membership
507:(Press release). Garching, Germany:
815:"NameExoWorlds The Approved Names"
14:
1799:
1798:
374:International Astronomical Union
263:
225:
954:H. Lammer; et al. (2007).
963:Geophysical Research Abstracts
1:
1831:Exoplanets discovered in 2004
509:European Southern Observatory
354:European Southern Observatory
1846:Exoplanets with proper names
778:"NameExoWorlds The Process"
679:10.1051/0004-6361:200400076
175:Argument of periastron
1867:
932:10.3847/1538-4357/834/1/17
874:10.1051/0004-6361:20054040
844:Astronomy and Astrophysics
744:10.1051/0004-6361:20066194
714:Astronomy and Astrophysics
649:Astronomy and Astrophysics
575:10.1051/0004-6361:20066194
544:Astronomy and Astrophysics
505:"Fourteen Times the Earth"
1796:
1537:
1102:
901:The Astrophysical Journal
700:F. Pepe; A.C.M. Correia;
604:Oxford English Dictionary
206:
143:Orbital period (sidereal)
1107:Ara in Chinese astronomy
635:N.C. Santos; F. Bouchy;
1465:2MASS J18082002−5104378
866:2006A&A...450.1221B
736:2007A&A...462..769P
671:2004A&A...426L..19S
609:Oxford University Press
567:2007A&A...462..769P
163:Time of periastron
93:Orbital characteristics
767:. IAU.org. 9 July 2014
428:coronal mass ejections
1470:CXOU J164710.2−455216
1112:List of stars in Ara
1096:Constellation of Ara
358:La Silla Observatory
321:' to be discovered.
317:. It was the first '
60:La Silla Observatory
20:Mu Arae c / Dulcinea
1826:Ara (constellation)
923:2017ApJ...834...17C
607:(Online ed.).
458:Rayleigh scattering
70:Discovery date
55:Discovery site
21:
1009:The Mu Arae System
412:terrestrial planet
31:Discovered by
1810:
1809:
1792:
1791:
1748:
1747:
1740:Water Lily Nebula
1693:
1692:
1599:
1598:
1533:
1532:
1062:
1061:
615:(Subscription or
511:. August 25, 2004
372:In July 2014 the
301:extrasolar planet
219:, formally named
210:
209:
168:2,452,991.1 ± 0.4
1858:
1802:
1801:
1759:
1704:
1612:
1539:
1520:Westerlund 1-243
1515:Westerlund 1-237
1505:Westerlund 1 W26
1449:156411 (Inquill)
1127:
1089:
1082:
1075:
1066:
1002:
995:
988:
979:
972:
970:
960:
951:
945:
944:
934:
916:
892:
886:
885:
859:
857:astro-ph/0512091
850:(3): 1221–1229.
839:
830:
829:
827:
826:
817:. Archived from
811:
805:
799:
793:
792:
790:
789:
780:. Archived from
774:
768:
762:
756:
755:
729:
727:astro-ph/0608396
697:
691:
690:
664:
662:astro-ph/0408471
632:
621:
620:
612:
600:
593:
587:
586:
560:
558:astro-ph/0608396
538:
521:
520:
518:
516:
501:
466:
298:
297:
294:
293:
290:
287:
284:
281:
278:
275:
272:
269:
260:
259:
256:
255:
252:
249:
246:
243:
240:
237:
234:
231:
215:, also known as
189:
148:9.6386 ± 0.0015
80:Detection method
22:
1866:
1865:
1861:
1860:
1859:
1857:
1856:
1855:
1816:
1815:
1813:
1811:
1806:
1788:
1744:
1735:Stingray Nebula
1723:
1689:
1663:
1606:
1595:
1529:
1510:Westerlund 1-75
1500:Westerlund 1-20
1485:IRAS 16594-4656
1453:
1415:
1302:
1239:
1116:
1098:
1093:
1063:
1058:
1027:
1011:
1006:
976:
975:
958:
953:
952:
948:
894:
893:
889:
841:
840:
833:
824:
822:
813:
812:
808:
800:
796:
787:
785:
776:
775:
771:
763:
759:
699:
698:
694:
634:
633:
624:
614:
595:
594:
590:
540:
539:
524:
514:
512:
503:
502:
495:
490:
473:
461:
400:
398:Characteristics
376:(IAU) launched
370:
334:
326:radial velocity
266:
262:
228:
224:
185:
177:
165:
152:
145:
123:
121:Semi-major axis
82:
73:August 25, 2004
42:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1864:
1862:
1854:
1853:
1848:
1843:
1838:
1833:
1828:
1818:
1817:
1808:
1807:
1797:
1794:
1793:
1790:
1789:
1787:
1786:
1781:
1776:
1771:
1765:
1763:
1756:
1750:
1749:
1746:
1745:
1743:
1742:
1737:
1731:
1729:
1725:
1724:
1722:
1721:
1716:
1710:
1708:
1701:
1695:
1694:
1691:
1690:
1688:
1687:
1682:
1677:
1671:
1669:
1665:
1664:
1662:
1661:
1656:
1651:
1646:
1641:
1636:
1631:
1626:
1620:
1618:
1609:
1601:
1600:
1597:
1596:
1594:
1593:
1588:
1583:
1578:
1573:
1568:
1563:
1558:
1553:
1547:
1545:
1535:
1534:
1531:
1530:
1528:
1527:
1522:
1517:
1512:
1507:
1502:
1497:
1492:
1487:
1482:
1477:
1472:
1467:
1461:
1459:
1455:
1454:
1452:
1451:
1446:
1441:
1436:
1431:
1425:
1423:
1417:
1416:
1414:
1413:
1408:
1403:
1398:
1393:
1388:
1383:
1378:
1373:
1368:
1363:
1358:
1353:
1348:
1343:
1338:
1333:
1328:
1323:
1318:
1312:
1310:
1304:
1303:
1301:
1300:
1295:
1290:
1285:
1280:
1275:
1270:
1265:
1260:
1255:
1249:
1247:
1241:
1240:
1238:
1237:
1232:
1227:
1222:
1217:
1212:
1207:
1202:
1197:
1192:
1187:
1182:
1177:
1169:
1164:
1159:
1154:
1149:
1144:
1135:
1133:
1124:
1118:
1117:
1115:
1114:
1109:
1103:
1100:
1099:
1094:
1092:
1091:
1084:
1077:
1069:
1060:
1059:
1057:
1056:
1051:
1046:
1041:
1035:
1033:
1029:
1028:
1026:
1025:
1019:
1017:
1013:
1012:
1007:
1005:
1004:
997:
990:
982:
974:
973:
946:
887:
831:
806:
794:
769:
757:
720:(2): 769–776.
692:
622:
588:
551:(2): 769–776.
522:
492:
491:
489:
486:
485:
484:
479:
472:
469:
439:Jupiter's mass
399:
396:
369:
366:
333:
330:
208:
207:
204:
203:
198:
194:
193:
190:
187:Semi-amplitude
182:
181:
178:
173:
170:
169:
166:
161:
158:
157:
146:
141:
138:
137:
134:
128:
127:
124:
119:
116:
115:
112:
106:
105:
102:
96:
95:
89:
88:
83:
78:
75:
74:
71:
67:
66:
57:
51:
50:
33:
27:
26:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1863:
1852:
1849:
1847:
1844:
1842:
1839:
1837:
1834:
1832:
1829:
1827:
1824:
1823:
1821:
1814:
1805:
1795:
1785:
1782:
1780:
1777:
1775:
1772:
1770:
1767:
1766:
1764:
1760:
1757:
1755:
1751:
1741:
1738:
1736:
1733:
1732:
1730:
1726:
1720:
1717:
1715:
1712:
1711:
1709:
1705:
1702:
1700:
1696:
1686:
1683:
1681:
1678:
1676:
1673:
1672:
1670:
1666:
1660:
1657:
1655:
1652:
1650:
1647:
1645:
1642:
1640:
1637:
1635:
1632:
1630:
1627:
1625:
1622:
1621:
1619:
1617:
1613:
1610:
1608:
1602:
1592:
1589:
1587:
1584:
1582:
1579:
1577:
1574:
1572:
1569:
1567:
1564:
1562:
1559:
1557:
1554:
1552:
1549:
1548:
1546:
1544:
1540:
1536:
1526:
1525:XTE J1650−500
1523:
1521:
1518:
1516:
1513:
1511:
1508:
1506:
1503:
1501:
1498:
1496:
1493:
1491:
1488:
1486:
1483:
1481:
1478:
1476:
1473:
1471:
1468:
1466:
1463:
1462:
1460:
1456:
1450:
1447:
1445:
1442:
1440:
1437:
1435:
1432:
1430:
1427:
1426:
1424:
1422:
1418:
1412:
1409:
1407:
1404:
1402:
1399:
1397:
1394:
1392:
1389:
1387:
1384:
1382:
1379:
1377:
1374:
1372:
1369:
1367:
1364:
1362:
1359:
1357:
1354:
1352:
1349:
1347:
1344:
1342:
1339:
1337:
1334:
1332:
1329:
1327:
1324:
1322:
1319:
1317:
1314:
1313:
1311:
1309:
1305:
1299:
1296:
1294:
1291:
1289:
1286:
1284:
1281:
1279:
1276:
1274:
1271:
1269:
1266:
1264:
1261:
1259:
1256:
1254:
1251:
1250:
1248:
1246:
1242:
1236:
1233:
1231:
1228:
1226:
1223:
1221:
1218:
1216:
1213:
1211:
1208:
1206:
1205:μ (Cervantes)
1203:
1201:
1198:
1196:
1193:
1191:
1188:
1186:
1183:
1181:
1178:
1176:
1175:
1170:
1168:
1165:
1163:
1160:
1158:
1155:
1153:
1150:
1148:
1145:
1143:
1142:
1137:
1136:
1134:
1132:
1128:
1125:
1123:
1119:
1113:
1110:
1108:
1105:
1104:
1101:
1097:
1090:
1085:
1083:
1078:
1076:
1071:
1070:
1067:
1055:
1052:
1050:
1047:
1045:
1042:
1040:
1037:
1036:
1034:
1030:
1024:
1021:
1020:
1018:
1014:
1010:
1003:
998:
996:
991:
989:
984:
983:
980:
968:
964:
957:
950:
947:
942:
938:
933:
928:
924:
920:
915:
910:
906:
902:
898:
891:
888:
883:
879:
875:
871:
867:
863:
858:
853:
849:
845:
838:
836:
832:
821:on 2018-02-01
820:
816:
810:
807:
803:
798:
795:
784:on 2015-08-15
783:
779:
773:
770:
766:
761:
758:
753:
749:
745:
741:
737:
733:
728:
723:
719:
715:
711:
707:
703:
696:
693:
688:
684:
680:
676:
672:
668:
663:
658:
654:
650:
646:
642:
638:
631:
629:
627:
623:
618:
610:
606:
605:
599:
592:
589:
584:
580:
576:
572:
568:
564:
559:
554:
550:
546:
545:
537:
535:
533:
531:
529:
527:
523:
510:
506:
500:
498:
494:
487:
483:
480:
478:
475:
474:
470:
468:
465:
459:
455:
451:
447:
442:
440:
435:
433:
429:
424:
422:
417:
413:
409:
405:
397:
395:
393:
392:
387:
383:
379:
378:NameExoWorlds
375:
367:
365:
363:
359:
355:
351:
347:
343:
339:
331:
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136:0.172 ± 0.040
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1841:Hot Neptunes
1812:
1685:Westerlund 1
1675:ESO 280-SC06
1580:
1551:Gliese 674 b
1371:6416 (41 G.)
1173:
1141:(Choo/Tchou)
1140:
1038:
966:
962:
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904:
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847:
843:
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819:the original
809:
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782:the original
772:
760:
717:
713:
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602:
591:
548:
542:
515:December 31,
513:. Retrieved
482:Gliese 436 b
454:Tau Boötis b
450:hot Jupiters
443:
436:
425:
408:Gliese 436 b
401:
389:
371:
350:spectrograph
335:
323:
223:(pronounced
220:
216:
212:
211:
180:212.7 ± 13.3
132:Eccentricity
1571:HD 156411 b
1561:HD 154857 b
1556:HD 154672 b
1495:SGR 1627−41
1174:(Tseen Yin)
655:: L19–L23.
639:; F. Pepe;
477:55 Cancri e
432:hot Neptune
416:metallicity
391:Don Quixote
319:hot Neptune
217:HD 160691 c
192:3.06 ± 0.13
1820:Categories
1543:Exoplanets
1490:SAO 244567
1480:Gliese 676
1475:Gliese 674
914:1603.08614
825:2016-01-03
788:2015-09-05
619:required.)
598:"Dulcinea"
488:References
110:Periastron
1054:Mu Arae e
1049:Mu Arae b
1044:Mu Arae d
1039:Mu Arae c
941:119114880
907:(1): 17.
706:D. Queloz
641:D. Queloz
462:900
352:, at the
332:Discovery
299:), is an
213:Mu Arae c
25:Discovery
1804:Category
1754:Galaxies
1607:clusters
1576:μ Arae b
1245:Variable
1210:ν (V539)
882:15574680
752:59157984
702:M. Mayor
687:14938593
637:M. Mayor
583:59157984
471:See also
452:such as
386:Dulcinea
348:(HARPS)
221:Dulcinea
153:0.02639
100:Apastron
1851:Mu Arae
1699:Nebulae
1680:IC 4651
1032:Planets
1023:Mu Arae
969:(7850).
919:Bibcode
862:Bibcode
732:Bibcode
710:S. Udry
667:Bibcode
645:S. Udry
563:Bibcode
421:hot ice
404:Neptune
342:Mu Arae
310:of the
308:Mu Arae
201:Mu Arae
1444:154857
1439:154672
1434:153201
1429:152079
939:
880:
750:
685:
581:
446:albedo
40:Bouchy
36:Santos
1728:Other
1668:Other
1458:Other
1131:Bayer
1122:Stars
1016:Stars
959:(PDF)
937:S2CID
909:arXiv
878:S2CID
852:arXiv
748:S2CID
722:arXiv
683:S2CID
657:arXiv
613:
579:S2CID
553:arXiv
382:Spain
362:Chile
338:Earth
86:HARPS
64:Chile
44:Mayor
1784:6328
1779:6300
1774:6221
1769:6215
1719:6326
1714:6188
1659:6397
1654:6362
1649:6352
1644:6250
1639:6208
1634:6204
1629:6200
1624:6193
1605:Star
1411:6759
1406:6513
1401:6487
1396:6483
1391:6478
1386:6477
1381:6438
1376:6423
1366:6408
1361:6323
1356:6312
1351:6300
1346:6297
1341:6253
1336:6251
1331:6236
1326:6207
1321:6187
1316:6177
1298:V872
1293:V862
1288:V854
1283:V829
1278:V828
1273:V821
1268:V626
517:2012
406:and
368:Name
305:star
197:Star
48:Pepe
1762:NGC
1707:NGC
1616:NGC
927:doi
905:834
870:doi
848:450
740:doi
718:462
675:doi
653:426
571:doi
549:462
360:in
356:'s
315:Ara
261:or
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1421:HD
1308:HR
1263:OY
1172:ζ
1139:α
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289:iː
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1235:σ
1230:ρ
1225:ρ
1220:π
1215:ν
1200:λ
1195:κ
1190:ι
1185:θ
1180:η
1167:ε
1162:ε
1157:δ
1152:γ
1147:β
1088:e
1081:t
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283:ˈ
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274:l
271:ʌ
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254:ə
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248:n
245:ɪ
242:s
239:ˈ
236:l
233:ʌ
230:d
227:/
155:y
150:d
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