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1105:, which was ruled by the king's brother, Mulla Sadra's father, Khwajah Ibrahim Qavami, who was a knowledgeable and extremely faithful politician. As the ruler of the vast region of Fars Province, Khwajah was rich and held a high position. When Mulla Sadra was born, the family named him Muhammad but called him Sadra. Years later, Sadra was nicknamed "Mulla", that is, "great scientist". Sadra was Khwajah's only child. In that time it was customary that the children of aristocrats were educated by private teachers in their own palace. Sadra was a very intelligent, strict, energetic, studious, and curious boy and mastered all the lessons related to
1586:, a philosophical encyclopedia and a collection of important issues discussed in Islamic philosophy, enriched by the ideas of preceding philosophers, from Pythagoras to those living at the same time with Mulla Sadra, and containing the related responses on the basis of new and strong arguments. In four large volumes; also published several times in nine smaller volumes. He composed this book gradually, starting in about 1015 A.H. (1605 A.D.); its completion took almost 25 years, until some years after 1040 A.H. (1630 A.D.). Book is also translated in Urdu by Indian scholar Abul Ala Maududi by the name of Asfar e Arba.
1364:, in the supreme awareness of its acts of knowledge, with the active Intelligence which is the Holy Spirit. It is never a question of an arithmetical unity, but of an intelligible unity permitting the reciprocity which allows us to understand that, in the soul which it metamorphoses, the Form—or Idea—intelligized by the active Intelligence is a Form which intelligizes itself, and that as a result the active Intelligence or Holy Spirit intelligizes itself in the soul's act of intellection. Reciprocally, the soul, as a Form intelligizing itself, intelligizes itself as a Form intelligized by the active Intelligence.
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that are evil, without being inherently responsible for them — even as God's authority over the existence of things that provide the framework for evil to exist. This clever solution provides for freedom of will, God's supremacy, the infiniteness of God's knowledge, the existence of evil, and definitions of existence and essence that leave the two inextricably linked insofar as humans are concerned, but fundamentally separate insofar as God is concerned.
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intensity of
Existential Reality by measuring causal dynamics and their relationship to their origin, as opposed to knowing their effects, provided the Islamically-acceptable framework for God's judgement of reality without being tainted by its particulars. This was a solution to a question that had haunted Islamic philosophy for almost one thousand years: How is God able to judge sin without knowing sin?
1842:, some short notes of his own poetry, the statements of philosophers and gnostics, and scientific issues have been left from his youth, which comprise a precious collection. This book can familiarize the readers with subtleties of Mulla Sadra's nature. These notes were compiled in two different collections, and it is likely that the smaller collection was compiled on one of his journeys.
1336:). That is to say, essences are variable and are determined according to existential "intensity" (to use Henry Corbin's definition). Thus, essences are not immutable. The advantage to this schema is that it is acceptable to the fundamental statements of the Qur'an, even as it does not necessarily undermine any previous Islamic philosopher's Aristotelian or Platonic foundations.
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therefore exist. Existence therefore cannot be denied. Therefore, existence cannot be negated. As
Existence cannot be negated, it is self-evident that Existence is God. God should not be searched for in the realm of existence but is the basis of all existence. Reality in Arabic is "Al-Haq", and is stated in the Qur'an as one of the
1569:
theory of description. In Mulla Sadra's view one cannot have access to the reality of being: only linguistic analysis is available. This theory of Truth has two levels: the claim that a proposition is true if it corresponds to things in reality; and that a proposition can be true if it conforms with the actual thing itself.
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For Mulla Sadra a true statement is a statement that is true to the concrete facts in existence. He held a metaphysical and not a formal idea of truth, claiming that the world consists of mind-independent objects that are always true and truth is not what is rationally acceptable within a certain
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of Mulla Sadra was a form of existential ontology within a cosmological framework that Islam supported. For Mulla Sadra the causal "End" is as pure as its corresponding "Beginning", which instructively places God at both the beginning and the end of the creative act. God's capacity to measure the
1339:
Indeed, Mulla Sadra provides immutability only to God, while intrinsically linking essence and existence to each other, and to God's power over existence. In so doing, he provided for God's authority over all things while also solving the problem of God's knowledge of particulars, including those
1328:
Although
Existentialism as defined nowadays is not identical to Mulla Sadra's definition, he was the first to introduce the concept. According to Mulla Sadra, "existence precedes the essence and is thus principal since something has to exist first and then have an essence." It is notable that for
1518:
Sadra argued that all contingent beings require a cause which puts their balance between existence and non-existence in favor of the former; nothing can come into existence without a cause. Since the world is therefore contingent upon this First Act, not only must God exist, but God must also be
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All the levels of the modes of being and perception are governed by the same law of unity, which at the level of the intelligible world is the unity of intellection, of the intelligizing subject, and of the Form intelligized — the same unity as that of love, lover and beloved. Within this
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To paraphrase Fazlur Rahman on Mulla Sadra's
Existential Cosmology: Existence is the one and only reality. Existence and reality are therefore identical. Existence is the all-comprehensive reality and there is nothing outside of it. Essences which are negative require some sort of reality and
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Although Ṣadrā's influence remained limited in the generations after his death, it increased markedly during the 19th century, when his ideas helped inspire a renewed Akhbārī tendency within
Twelver Shīʿism. In recent times, his works have been studied in Iran, Europe, and America. He died in
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Perhaps most importantly, the primacy of existence provides the capacity for God's judgement without God being directly, or indirectly, affected by the evil being judged. God does not need to possess sin to know sin: God is able to judge the intensity of sin as God perceives existence.
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MacEoin, D. "Mullā Ṣadrā S̲hīrāzī Ṣadr al-Dīn Muḥammad b. Ibrāhīm Ḳawāmī S̲h̲īrāzī". Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second
Edition. Edited by: P. Bearman, Th. Bianquis, C.E. Bosworth, E. van Donzel and W.P. Heinrichs. Brill, 2010. Brill Online. Augustana. 13 April 2010
1945:
Morris, James W. (1 September 2005). "Revelation, Intellectual
Intuition and Reason in the Philosophy of Mulla Sadra: An Analysis of the al-Hikmah al-ʿArshiyya. By Zailan Moris (London: RoutledgeCurzon, 2003), 238 pp. Price PB £18.99 ISBN 0–700–71503–7".
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1285:. The ideas of his school, which may be seen as a continuation of the School of Iṣfahān of Mīr Dāmād and Shaykh Bahāʾī, were promulgated after Sadrā's death by his pupils, several of whom would become sought-after thinkers in their own right, such as,
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Mulla Sadra this was an issue that applied specifically to God and God's position in the universe, especially in the context of reconciling God's position in the Qur'an with the Greek-influenced cosmological philosophies of Islam's Golden Era.
1606:, Mulla Sadra's only extant book of philosophy in Persian. Here, by resorting to the main three moral principles, he has dealt with moral and educative subjects related to scientists, and advised his contemporary philosophers.
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1636:, considered to be a summary of the second half of Asfar. He called this book the Beginning and the End, since he believed at heart that philosophy means the knowledge of the Origin and the Return.
1726:, a monographic treatise on the demonstration of a complicated philosophical theory, the Union of the Intellect and the Intelligible, which no one could prove and rationalize prior to Mulla Sadra.
1648:, on the issue of the origination of the world, which is a complicated and disputable problem for many philosophers. He proved his solid theory through the theory of the trans-substantial motion.
1700:, a treatise not related to Mulla Sadra's book of the same name (see above). It is an inventory of his particular theories and opinions which he had been able to express in philosophical terms.
1622:, a referential book about Mulla Sadra's philosophy. As in al-Mazahir, he has tried to demonstrate the Beginning and the End concisely but precisely. This book has been translated by Professor
1578:
Sharh Usool Al-Kafi شرح اصول الکافي Exegesis of one of the most
Important Hadith collection in Shi'a school of thought, Al-Kafi contains narrations from twelve Imams from the family of Muhammad
1848:: except for a few letters exchanged between Mulla Sadra and his master, Mir Damad, none of his letters has survived. These letters have been presented at the beginning of the 3-volume
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schools of
Islamic philosophy. Mulla Sadra obtained most of his knowledge of philosophy and gnosis from Damad and always introduced Damad as his true teacher and spiritual guide.
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1744:, explaining the problem of individuation and clarified its relation to existence and its principality, which is one of the most fundamental principles he has propounded.
1786:, a treatise consists of Mulla Sadra's interpretations of those Qura’nic verses which have secret and complicated meanings. It is considered as one of the chapters in .
1242:, where he engaged in contemplative exercises. While in Kahak, he wrote a number of minor works, including the Risāla fi 'l-ḥashr and the Risāla fī ḥudūth al-ʿālam .
1676:, a brief account of important philosophical problems, it seems to be an inventory of the Divine inspirations and illuminations he had received all through his life.
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1215:, engineering, architecture, medicine, and some fields of secret knowledge. Mir Damad also knew the science of his time but limited his domain to jurisprudence,
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The house of Mulla Sadra in Kahak (a small village near the city of Qom, in Iran) where Mulla Sadra used to live in when he was exiled due to some of his ideas.
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Mulla Sadra held the view that
Reality is Existence. He believed that an essence was by itself a general notion, and therefore does not, in reality, exist.
45:
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This book is similar to al-Mabda‘ wa’l-ma‘ad, but is shorter than it. It is, in fact, a handbook for familiarizing readers with Mulla Sadra's philosophy.
1694:, a philosophical book, written in the Illuminationist style, and represents Mulla Sadra's ideas during the early periods of his philosophical thoughts.
970:" in Islamic philosophy, although his existentialism should not be too readily compared to Western existentialism. His was a question of existentialist
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Sadra also believed that a causal regress was impossible because the causal chain could work only in the matter that had a beginning, middle, and end:
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1682:, on theoretical and actual gnosis, and on the science of monotheism. It presents some guidelines and instructional points to wake up the sleeping.
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1732:, consisting of at least three treatises in which Mulla Sadra responds to the philosophical questions posed by his contemporary philosophers.
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After he had finished his studies, Sadra began to explore unorthodox doctrines and as a result was both condemned and excommunicated by some
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1688:, a booklet deals mainly with issues such as existence in mind and epistemology. Here, Mulla Sadra has combined epistemology and ontology.
1798:, a treatise on resurrection and people's presence in the Hereafter, it deals with man's being rewarded in paradise and punished in hell.
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1818:(Demolishing the idols of the periods of barbarism and man's ignorance). His intention here is to condemn and disgrace impious sophists.
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932:, Mulla Sadra is arguably the single most important and influential philosopher in the Muslim world in the last four hundred years.
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A reference to the work of Mulla Sadra, or Sadr ad-Din Muhammad Shirazi (ca. 1571-1640), a Persian philosopher and theologian.
1750:, a treatise dealing with the quality of the descent or diffusion of existence from the True Source to existents (quiddities).
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Revelation, Intellectual Intuition and Reason in the Philosophy of Mulla Sadra: An Analysis of the Al-Hikmah Al-'arshiyyah
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has translated it into French and written an introduction to it. This book has recently been translated into English, too.
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Mulla Sadra became a master of the science of his time. In his own view, the most important of these was philosophy. In
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1270:: مدرسه خان). Mulla Sadra devoted his rest of life to teach the intellectual sciences, particularly his own teachings
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1117:, during a very short time. Following old traditions of his time, and before the age of puberty, he also learned
2531:. A Parallel English-Arabic Text translated by Seyyed Hossein Nasr, Provo, Brigham Young University Press, 2014.
1281:, Ṣadrā began writing treatises that synthesized wide-ranging strands of existing Islamic systems of thought at
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1612:, a commentary on a book called Hidayah, which had been written on the basis of Peripatetic philosophy.
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1830:, a treatise dealing with issues of the philosophy of logic and inquiries into concept and judgment.
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1706:, a commentary upon some of the issues discussed in the part on theology (Ilahiyyat) in Ibn-Sina's
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One result of Sadra's existentialism is "The unity of the intellect and the intelligible" (Arabic:
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Mulla Sadra's Commemoration Day (Persian: روز بزرگداشت) is annually held in Iran at the first of
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1738:, a monographic treatise dealing with the problem of existence and its relation to quiddities.
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and the powerful governor of Fārs, asked Mulla Sadra to abandon his exile and to come back to
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1141:. However, he was mainly attracted to philosophy and particularly to mystical philosophy and
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That scale must have a limit point, a point of greatest intensity and of greatest existence
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Knowledge in Later Islamic Philosophy: Mulla Sadra on Existence, Intellect, and Intuition
1756:, A treatise on logic, this work focuses on the cause of the specific form of the sphere.
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The Existence of God: Mulla Sadra's Seddiqin Argument versus Criticisms of Kant and Hume
1877:); on the other hand, this day (1st-Khordad) has been registered among the occasions of
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1780:, a treatise on the reality of man's temperament and its relation to the body and soul.
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1089:, to a notable family of court officials in 1571 or 1572, In Mulla Sadra's time, the
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1238:ʿulamāʾ. He then retired for a lengthy period of time to a village named Kahak, near
1195:, Sadra acquired most of his scholarly knowledge from two prominent teachers, namely
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and prove the idea of Unity of Existence by offering a new intake and perspective on
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Kalin, Ibrahim (March 2001), "Sadr al-Din Shirazi (Mulla Sadra) (b. 1571-1640)", in
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1774:, demonstrating resurrection and the Hereafter following a philosophical approach.
1408:) which gives every concrete individual entity its share of being. In contrast to
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943:) school of Philosophy, a seminal figure who synthesized the many tracts of the
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perspective we can perceive what Sadra meant by the unitive union of the human
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Mulla Sadra brought "a new philosophical insight in dealing with the nature of
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Sadr al-Din Shirazi and his Transcendent Theosophy: Background, Life and Works
1203:, whom he accompanied when the Safavid capital was transferred from Qazvin to
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to pursue a traditional and institutional education in philosophy, theology,
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1716:, a useful and profound commentary or collection of glosses on Suhrawardi's
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as it pertained to God, and thus differs considerably from the individual,
1392:, undergoes substantial change and transformation as a result of the self-
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Mulla Sadra's metaphysics gives priority to existence over essence (i.e.,
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2519:, Willaim Chittick (trans.), Provo, Brigham Young University Press, 2003.
1959:
1836:(Collection of Poems), a number of scholarly and mystic poems in Persian.
1600:(Collection of Poems), a number of scholarly and mystic poems in Persian.
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Mulla Sadra Shirazi: His Life, Works and Sources for Safavid Philosophy
2579:, 2nd ed., Tehran: Institute for Humanities and Cultural Studies, 1997.
1982:"Mulla Sadra's Life and Philosophy – London Academy of Iranian Studies"
1870:
1810:, explaining Satan's seven paradoxes and providing the related answers.
1660:, a theory of the resurrection of animals and objects in the Hereafter.
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Another central concept of Mulla Sadra's philosophy is the theory of "
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2513:, James Morris (trans.), Princeton, Princeton University Press, 1981.
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that Mulla Sadra was teaching his philosophy during his residence in
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That singular reality is graded in intensity in a scale of perfection
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The Transcendent Philosophy of the Four Journeys of the Intellect
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1804:, an abridged dictionary for interpreting words in the Qur'an.
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The Act of Being: The Philosophy of Revelation in Mulla Sadra
1792:, on existence and its principality as opposed to quiddities.
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running through the entire cosmos including the category of
1219:. and mainly philosophy. Mir Damad was a master of both the
1064:. A copy of a painted portrait of him is hanged on the wall.
1060:
This is a view of the inside of the house of Mulla Sadra in
276:
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Mulla Sadra (Sadr al-Din Muhammad al-Shirazi) (1571/2-1640)
2543:
Wisdom of the Unseen: An Inquiry Into the Reality of Things
2381:
1st Khordad, the anniversary of Mulla Sadra's commemoration
2119:
Mulla Sadra (Sadr al-Din Muhammad al-Shirazi) (1571/2-1640)
935:
Though not its founder, he is considered the master of the
1164:. At that time, each city was a successive capital of the
928:
cultural renaissance in the 17th century. According to
1583:
Hikmat Al Muta'alyah fi-l-asfar al-'aqliyya al-arba'a
2626:- a website presenting perspectives of Shia jurists.
2523:
On the Hermeneutics of the Light Verse of the Qur'an
2320:
State University of New York Press, 1975, pp. 27, 28
903:; c. 1571/2 – c. 1635/40 CE / 980 – 1050 AH), was a
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2586:, Albany: State University of New York Press, 1975.
2086:. New York: Columbia University Press. p. 87.
1666:, on existence and its related subjects. Professor
1207:in 1596 CE / 1006 AH. Shaykh Baha was an expert in
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88:
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2662:an article in Routledge Encyclopedia of Philosophy
2369:Asfar e Arba, Tarjuma Maulana Modudi, اسفار اربعہ
2032:. Paul Mellon Centre for Studies in British Art.
981:Mulla Sadra's philosophy ambitiously synthesized
2525:, Latimah Peerwani (trans.), Londra, ICAS, 2004.
2333:State University of New York Press, 1975, p. 125
2263:
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2004:"ملاصدرا کیست | زندگینامه، نظریات، اشعار و آثار"
1762:, a treatise on man's determinism and free will.
1494:This being is a perfection beyond all perfection
2552:, Trans. Jeff Fort, New York: Zone Books, 2006.
1357:
27:Iranian Shia Islamic philosopher and theologian
2222:
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1768:, on the problem of Divine Decree and Destiny.
1626:into English with an informative introduction.
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2271:, Lecture, George Washington University, 2006
2159:Reconsidering the life of Mulla Sadra Shirazi
2153:
2151:
1954:(3). Oxford University Press (OUP): 360–362.
1720:and Qutb al-Din Shirazi's commentary upon it.
850:
8:
2393:Commemoration of Mulla-Sadra; 1st of Khordad
2135:, Ashgate Publishing, Ltd., pp. 9, 39,
1519:responsible for this First Act of creation.
1452:), Sadra defines change as an all-pervasive
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2685:Sadra Islamic Philosophy research Institute
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1500:Existence is a singular and simple reality
1497:God is Perfect and Perfection in existence
1305:and was buried in the present-day city of
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44:
31:
2624:Exploring Ibn Arabi, Mysticism and Sufism
2439:Suhrawardi and the School of Illumination
2037:
1840:A Collection of Scientific-Literary Notes
2667:"Commentary on Mulla Sadra's philosophy"
2593:, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2007.
1535:
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2559:, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2010
1937:
962:" and created "a major transition from
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3639:17th-century writers from Safavid Iran
3634:16th-century writers from Safavid Iran
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1861:Mulla Sadra Commemoration Conference (
1175:seminaries. Sadra's teachers included
1012:school of Kalam into the framework of
3594:17th-century Muslim scholars of Islam
2529:The Book of Metaphysical Penetrations
2133:Mulla Sadra's Transcendent Philosophy
1416:who had accepted change only in four
947:philosophies into what he called the
7:
2654:Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy
2641:Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
1121:, hunting and fighting techniques,
900:
892:
873:Entrance to Mulla Sadra's House in
2084:Avicenna and the Aristotelian Left
25:
3569:17th-century Iranian philosophers
3564:16th-century Iranian philosophers
2606:an article by Sajjad H. Rizvi in
2569:, London: Routledge Curzon, 2003.
1032:, In which he attempted to reach
103:Post-Classical Islamic philosophy
2545:, Pakistan: Wasila Society, 2008
2297:Resources on Islam & Science
1289:(Mulla Sadra's son-in-law), and
1211:but also a master of astronomy,
826:
1654:, a gnostic and educative book.
1258:to teach and run a newly bulit
1250:In 1612, Ali Quli Khan, son of
3599:Iranian Shia scholars of Islam
2619:Encyclopædia Britannica Online
2428:Ayatollahi, Hamidreza (2005).
1754:Limmi’yya ikhtisas al-mintaqah
1736:Ittisaf al-mahiyyah bi’l wujud
1594:(A commentary upon the Qur'an)
1148:In 1591, Mulla Sadra moved to
1101:kings granted independence to
307:
1:
3485:Gholamhossein Ebrahimi Dinani
3475:Syed Muhammad Naquib al-Attas
3066:Ali ibn Sahl Rabban al-Tabari
2584:The Philosophy of Mulla Sadra
2411:History Of Islamic Philosophy
2395:mefda.ir Retrieved 4 May 2020
2331:The Philosophy of Mulla Sadra
2318:The Philosophy of Mulla Sadra
1724:Ittihad al-‘aquil wa’l-ma’qul
1526:a pure cause at the beginning
237:Gholamhossein Ebrahimi Dinani
3152:Mu'ayyad fi'l-Din al-Shirazi
1824:, dealing with formal logic.
1483:To paraphrase Mulla Sadra's
881:Ṣadr ad-Dīn Muḥammad Shīrāzī
36:Ṣadr ad-Dīn Muḥammad Shīrāzī
2482:Mulla Sadra and Metaphysics
2437:Razavi, Mehdi Amin (1997).
2357:Mulla Sadra and Metaphysics
2344:Mulla Sadra and Metaphysics
2280:Corbin (1993), pp. 343, 344
2253:Corbin (1993), pp. 342, 343
2229:> Reference Works, Brill
1815:Kasr al-asnam al-jahiliyyah
1543:(est. 1595 AD) was a major
1532:a nexus of cause and effect
1349:Ittihad al-Aaqil wa l-Maqul
914:Islamic mystic, philosopher
3690:
3624:Philosophers of psychology
3430:Muhammad Husayn Tabatabaei
3330:Qadi Mir Husayn al-Maybudi
3244:Jalal ad-Din Muhammad Rumi
2517:The Elixir of the Gnostics
2161:, Pembroke College, p. 181
2010:(in Persian). 14 June 2021
1948:Journal of Islamic Studies
1906:Al Akbariyya (Sufi school)
1891:List of Iranian scientists
1316:
991:Illuminationist philosophy
221:Muhammad Husayn Tabatabaei
3178:Abu'l-Barakāt al-Baghdādī
3049:
3031:
2727:
2680:Muhammad Husayn Tabatabai
2294:; Kalin, Ibrahim (eds.),
1865:: همایش بزرگداشت ملاصدرا)
1698:al-Shawahid al-rububiyyah
1692:al-Shawahid al-rububiyyah
1634:al-Hikmat al-muta‘aliyyah
1382:al-harakat al-jawhariyyah
1287:Mullā Muḥsin Fayḍ Kāshānī
883:, more commonly known as
207:
169:
43:
3669:Islamic studies scholars
3654:Religious existentialism
2511:The Wisdom of the Throne
2131:Kamal, Muhammad (2006),
1873:(the third month of the
1714:Sharh-i Hikmat al-ishraq
1529:a pure effect at the end
1081:Mulla Sadra was born in
987:Shahab al-Din Suhrawardi
953:al-hikmah al-muta’āliyah
183:Shahab al-Din Suhrawardi
50:Sculpture of Mulla Sadra
3619:Philosophers of history
3162:Hamid al-Din al-Kirmani
3111:Abu Ya'qub al-Sijistani
3071:Abu al-Abbas Iranshahri
2465:. John Wiley and Sons.
2269:Persian Sufi Literature
2039:10.17658/issn.2058-5462
1828:al-Tasawwur wa’l-tasdiq
1808:Radd-i shubahat-i iblis
1686:al-Masa‘il al-qudsiyyah
1674:al-waridat al-qalbiyyah
1620:al-Hikmat al-‘arshiyyah
1213:theoretical mathematics
3495:Mohammed Abed al-Jabri
3445:Mohammad Baqir al-Sadr
3406:Shah Waliullah Dehlawi
3274:Qutb al-Din al-Shirazi
3101:Abu Sulayman Sijistani
2923:Transcendent theosophy
2480:Rizvi, Sajjad (2009).
2409:Corbin, Henry (1993).
2157:Rizvi, Sajjad (2002),
2063:Cite journal requires
1866:
1784:Mutashabihat al-Qur'an
1552:
1366:
1319:Transcendent theosophy
1272:Transcendent Theosophy
1197:Baha' ad-Din al-`Amili
1181:Baha' ad-Din al-`Amili
1152:and then, in 1597, to
1073:
1065:
1048:in the Islamic world.
1038:Peripatetic philosophy
949:Transcendent Theosophy
877:
281:
195:Bahāʾ al-dīn al-ʿĀmilī
151:Transcendent theosophy
3279:Sadr al-Din al-Qunawi
2267:Sayyed Hussein Nasr,
2082:Bloch, Ernst (2019).
2030:"British Art Studies"
1901:List of Shi'a Muslims
1860:
1802:al-alfazh al-mufradah
1790:Isalat-i Ja’l-i wujud
1539:
1509:Therefore, God exists
1485:Logical Proof for God
1400:) and penetration of
1071:
1059:
872:
280:
64:c. 1571/2 CE / 980 AH
3664:Iranian male writers
3659:Iranian Shia clerics
3579:Islamic philosophers
3510:Reza Davari Ardakani
3386:Abd al-Razzaq Lahiji
3320:Sadr ad-Din Dashtaki
3269:Fakhr al-Din al-Razi
3183:Afdal al-Din Kashani
2609:Encyclopædia Iranica
2505:Works by Mulla Sadra
1875:Solar Hijri calendar
1630:al-Mabda‘ wa’l-ma‘ad
1624:James Winston Morris
1468:Existence as reality
1040:that was offered by
78:c. 1635/40 / 1050 AH
3644:Safavid theologians
3470:Seyyed Hossein Nasr
3391:Mujaddid Alf-i-Sani
3381:Mohsen Fayz Kashani
3340:Sayyid Haydar Amuli
2850:Medieval psychology
2822:Natural philosophy
2573:Seyyed Hossein Nasr
2109:Leaman 2013, p.146.
1766:al-Qada’ wa’l-qadar
1573:List of known works
1313:Philosophical ideas
1291:ʿAbd Razzāḳ Lāhidjī
1277:During his time in
18:Mulla Sadra Shirazi
3574:People from Shiraz
3480:Abdolkarim Soroush
3325:Aziz Mahmud Hudayi
3239:Hajji Bektash Wali
2775:medieval astronomy
2721:Islamic philosophy
2651:an article in the
2548:Christian Jambet,
2462:Islamic Philosophy
2432:. Teheran: SIPRIn.
2184:MOLLĀ ṢADRĀ ŠIRĀZI
1960:10.1093/jis/eti155
1921:Islamic philosophy
1896:Iranian philosophy
1867:
1730:Ajwibah al-masa’il
1553:
1369:Substantial motion
1168:and the center of
1115:art of calligraphy
1074:
1066:
945:Islamic Golden Age
878:
286:Abdul Qadir Gilani
282:
173:Influenced by
143:Islamic Philosophy
3551:
3550:
3547:
3546:
3543:
3542:
3396:Rajab Ali Tabrizi
3335:Mahmud Shabistari
3315:Jalaladdin Davani
3264:Nasir al-Din Tusi
3086:Abu Hatim al-Razi
3027:
3026:
2674: (2.11
2604:MOLLĀṢADRĀ ŠIRĀZI
2371:quranwahadith.com
2359:, 2009, pp. 59–62
2186:iranicaonline.org
1984:. 7 December 2012
1879:Iranian calendars
1748:Sarayan nur wujud
1390:celestial spheres
1113:, as well as the
1111:Arabic literature
1022:His main work is
939:(or, Ishraghi or
867:
866:
309:Al-Insān al-Kāmil
249:
248:
233:Abul A'la Maududi
229:Morteza Motahhari
225:Ruhollah Khomeini
16:(Redirected from
3681:
3525:Hasanzadeh Amoli
3520:Mostafa Malekian
3490:Taha Abdurrahman
3465:Ismail al-Faruqi
3423:
3345:Dawūd al-Qayṣarī
3076:Abu Bakr al-Razi
3051:
3033:
2858:
2845:Medieval science
2840:
2825:
2807:
2797:
2760:
2749:
2729:
2714:
2707:
2700:
2691:
2673:
2671:
2645:
2636:Zalta, Edward N.
2541:Syed Amir Raza,
2495:
2476:
2452:
2433:
2424:
2396:
2390:
2384:
2378:
2372:
2366:
2360:
2353:
2347:
2340:
2334:
2327:
2321:
2314:
2308:
2307:
2306:
2304:
2287:
2281:
2278:
2272:
2265:
2254:
2251:
2245:
2238:
2232:
2224:
2213:
2206:
2200:
2193:
2187:
2181:
2175:
2168:
2162:
2155:
2146:
2145:
2128:
2122:
2116:
2110:
2107:
2101:
2100:
2079:
2073:
2072:
2066:
2061:
2059:
2051:
2041:
2026:
2020:
2019:
2017:
2015:
2000:
1994:
1993:
1991:
1989:
1978:
1972:
1971:
1942:
1718:Hikmat al-ishraq
1652:Iksir al-‘arifin
1610:Sharh al-hidayah
1491:There is a being
1398:sarayan al-wujud
1246:Return to Shiraz
1209:Islamic sciences
999:Sufi metaphysics
902:
894:
859:
852:
845:
833:Islam portal
831:
830:
829:
764:Topics in Sufism
436:Sufi metaphysics
312:
311:
271:
265:
264:
251:
139:Main interest(s)
48:
32:
21:
3689:
3688:
3684:
3683:
3682:
3680:
3679:
3678:
3649:Existentialists
3614:Burials in Iraq
3554:
3553:
3552:
3539:
3505:Fouad Zakariyya
3500:Mohammed Arkoun
3455:Frithjof Schuon
3421:
3415:
3401:Qazi Sa’id Qumi
3354:
3288:
3227:
3166:
3115:
3045:
3023:
2937:
2896:Illuminationism
2862:
2856:
2838:
2823:
2806:(jurisprudence)
2805:
2795:
2758:
2747:
2723:
2718:
2669:
2665:
2629:
2600:
2582:Fazlur Rahman,
2555:Ibrahim Kalin,
2502:
2500:Further reading
2492:
2479:
2473:
2455:
2449:
2436:
2427:
2421:
2408:
2405:
2400:
2399:
2391:
2387:
2379:
2375:
2367:
2363:
2354:
2350:
2341:
2337:
2329:Fazlur Rahman,
2328:
2324:
2316:Fazlur Rahman,
2315:
2311:
2302:
2300:
2292:Iqbal, Muzaffar
2289:
2288:
2284:
2279:
2275:
2266:
2257:
2252:
2248:
2239:
2235:
2225:
2216:
2210:Ayatollahi 2005
2207:
2203:
2197:Ayatollahi 2005
2194:
2190:
2182:
2178:
2172:Ayatollahi 2005
2169:
2165:
2156:
2149:
2143:
2130:
2129:
2125:
2117:
2113:
2108:
2104:
2094:
2081:
2080:
2076:
2062:
2052:
2028:
2027:
2023:
2013:
2011:
2002:
2001:
1997:
1987:
1985:
1980:
1979:
1975:
1944:
1943:
1939:
1934:
1887:
1855:
1680:Iqad al-na‘imin
1646:Huduth al-‘alam
1575:
1566:
1516:
1470:
1371:
1326:
1321:
1315:
1252:Allāhwirdī Ḵhān
1248:
1229:Illuminationist
1189:
1166:Safavid dynasty
1091:Safavid dynasty
1079:
1054:
937:Illuminationist
863:
827:
825:
820:
819:
765:
757:
756:
737:
729:
728:
699:Haqqani Anjuman
539:
529:
528:
484:
476:
475:
451:Sufi psychology
441:Sufi philosophy
297:
289:
288:, Baghdad, Iraq
267:
266:
255:
254:
245:
213:
212:
203:
175:
174:
147:Illuminationism
84:
79:
70:
65:
51:
39:
37:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3687:
3685:
3677:
3676:
3671:
3666:
3661:
3656:
3651:
3646:
3641:
3636:
3631:
3629:Metaphysicians
3626:
3621:
3616:
3611:
3606:
3601:
3596:
3591:
3586:
3584:Akbarian Sufis
3581:
3576:
3571:
3566:
3556:
3555:
3549:
3548:
3545:
3544:
3541:
3540:
3538:
3537:
3532:
3527:
3522:
3517:
3512:
3507:
3502:
3497:
3492:
3487:
3482:
3477:
3472:
3467:
3462:
3457:
3452:
3447:
3442:
3437:
3435:Muhammad Iqbal
3432:
3426:
3424:
3417:
3416:
3414:
3413:
3411:Hādī Sabzavārī
3408:
3403:
3398:
3393:
3388:
3383:
3378:
3373:
3371:Mir Fendereski
3368:
3362:
3360:
3356:
3355:
3353:
3352:
3347:
3342:
3337:
3332:
3327:
3322:
3317:
3312:
3307:
3302:
3296:
3294:
3290:
3289:
3287:
3286:
3281:
3276:
3271:
3266:
3261:
3256:
3251:
3246:
3241:
3235:
3233:
3229:
3228:
3226:
3225:
3220:
3215:
3210:
3205:
3200:
3195:
3190:
3185:
3180:
3174:
3172:
3168:
3167:
3165:
3164:
3159:
3154:
3149:
3144:
3139:
3134:
3129:
3123:
3121:
3117:
3116:
3114:
3113:
3108:
3103:
3098:
3096:Ikhwan al-Safa
3093:
3088:
3083:
3078:
3073:
3068:
3063:
3057:
3055:
3047:
3046:
3036:
3029:
3028:
3025:
3024:
3022:
3021:
3016:
3011:
3006:
3001:
2996:
2991:
2986:
2981:
2976:
2971:
2966:
2961:
2956:
2951:
2945:
2943:
2939:
2938:
2936:
2935:
2930:
2928:Traditionalist
2925:
2920:
2919:
2918:
2913:
2908:
2898:
2893:
2888:
2883:
2878:
2872:
2870:
2864:
2863:
2861:
2860:
2852:
2847:
2842:
2832:
2827:
2819:
2814:
2809:
2799:
2789:
2784:
2779:
2778:
2777:
2772:
2762:
2751:
2741:
2735:
2733:
2725:
2724:
2719:
2717:
2716:
2709:
2702:
2694:
2688:
2687:
2682:
2663:
2657:
2646:
2630:Sajjad Rizvi.
2627:
2621:
2617:an article in
2612:
2599:
2598:External links
2596:
2595:
2594:
2589:Sajjad Rizvi,
2587:
2580:
2570:
2560:
2553:
2546:
2538:
2537:
2533:
2532:
2526:
2520:
2514:
2507:
2506:
2501:
2498:
2497:
2496:
2491:978-0415490733
2490:
2477:
2472:978-0745659077
2471:
2457:Leaman, Oliver
2453:
2447:
2434:
2425:
2420:978-1135198893
2419:
2404:
2401:
2398:
2397:
2385:
2373:
2361:
2355:Rizvi, Sajjad
2348:
2346:, 2009, p. 126
2342:Rizvi, Sajjad
2335:
2322:
2309:
2282:
2273:
2255:
2246:
2244:, p. 130)
2233:
2231:brillonline.nl
2214:
2201:
2188:
2176:
2163:
2147:
2141:
2123:
2121:by John Cooper
2111:
2102:
2092:
2074:
2065:|journal=
2021:
1995:
1973:
1936:
1935:
1933:
1930:
1929:
1928:
1923:
1918:
1913:
1908:
1903:
1898:
1893:
1886:
1883:
1854:
1851:
1850:
1849:
1843:
1837:
1831:
1825:
1819:
1811:
1805:
1799:
1793:
1787:
1781:
1775:
1772:Zad al-Musafir
1769:
1763:
1760:Khalq al-a’mal
1757:
1751:
1745:
1742:al-Tashakhkhus
1739:
1733:
1727:
1721:
1711:
1701:
1695:
1689:
1683:
1677:
1671:
1661:
1655:
1649:
1643:
1637:
1632:, also called
1627:
1618:, also called
1613:
1607:
1601:
1595:
1587:
1579:
1574:
1571:
1565:
1562:
1551:until he died.
1534:
1533:
1530:
1527:
1515:
1512:
1511:
1510:
1507:
1504:
1501:
1498:
1495:
1492:
1469:
1466:
1370:
1367:
1325:
1324:Existentialism
1322:
1317:Main article:
1314:
1311:
1247:
1244:
1188:
1185:
1093:governed over
1078:
1075:
1053:
1050:
968:existentialism
865:
864:
862:
861:
854:
847:
839:
836:
835:
822:
821:
818:
817:
812:
807:
802:
797:
792:
787:
782:
777:
772:
766:
763:
762:
759:
758:
755:
754:
749:
747:Notable modern
744:
738:
735:
734:
731:
730:
727:
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631:
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621:
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581:
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531:
530:
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491:
485:
482:
481:
478:
477:
474:
473:
468:
463:
458:
453:
448:
443:
438:
433:
431:Sufi cosmology
428:
423:
418:
413:
408:
403:
398:
393:
388:
383:
378:
373:
368:
363:
358:
353:
348:
343:
338:
333:
328:
323:
318:
313:
304:
298:
295:
294:
291:
290:
283:
273:
272:
247:
246:
244:
243:
217:Hadi Sabzavari
210:
209:
208:
205:
204:
202:
201:
172:
171:
170:
167:
166:
162:
161:
140:
136:
135:
130:
126:
125:
120:
116:
115:
113:Safavid Persia
110:
106:
105:
100:
96:
95:
90:
86:
85:
80:
76:
72:
71:
66:
62:
58:
57:
53:
52:
49:
41:
40:
35:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3686:
3675:
3672:
3670:
3667:
3665:
3662:
3660:
3657:
3655:
3652:
3650:
3647:
3645:
3642:
3640:
3637:
3635:
3632:
3630:
3627:
3625:
3622:
3620:
3617:
3615:
3612:
3610:
3607:
3605:
3602:
3600:
3597:
3595:
3592:
3590:
3589:Iranian Sufis
3587:
3585:
3582:
3580:
3577:
3575:
3572:
3570:
3567:
3565:
3562:
3561:
3559:
3536:
3533:
3531:
3528:
3526:
3523:
3521:
3518:
3516:
3513:
3511:
3508:
3506:
3503:
3501:
3498:
3496:
3493:
3491:
3488:
3486:
3483:
3481:
3478:
3476:
3473:
3471:
3468:
3466:
3463:
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3456:
3453:
3451:
3448:
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3443:
3441:
3438:
3436:
3433:
3431:
3428:
3427:
3425:
3418:
3412:
3409:
3407:
3404:
3402:
3399:
3397:
3394:
3392:
3389:
3387:
3384:
3382:
3379:
3377:
3374:
3372:
3369:
3367:
3364:
3363:
3361:
3357:
3351:
3348:
3346:
3343:
3341:
3338:
3336:
3333:
3331:
3328:
3326:
3323:
3321:
3318:
3316:
3313:
3311:
3308:
3306:
3303:
3301:
3298:
3297:
3295:
3291:
3285:
3282:
3280:
3277:
3275:
3272:
3270:
3267:
3265:
3262:
3260:
3257:
3255:
3252:
3250:
3247:
3245:
3242:
3240:
3237:
3236:
3234:
3230:
3224:
3223:Shams Tabrizi
3221:
3219:
3216:
3214:
3211:
3209:
3206:
3204:
3201:
3199:
3196:
3194:
3191:
3189:
3186:
3184:
3181:
3179:
3176:
3175:
3173:
3169:
3163:
3160:
3158:
3157:Nasir Khusraw
3155:
3153:
3150:
3148:
3145:
3143:
3140:
3138:
3135:
3133:
3132:Ibn Miskawayh
3130:
3128:
3125:
3124:
3122:
3118:
3112:
3109:
3107:
3104:
3102:
3099:
3097:
3094:
3092:
3089:
3087:
3084:
3082:
3079:
3077:
3074:
3072:
3069:
3067:
3064:
3062:
3059:
3058:
3056:
3052:
3048:
3043:
3039:
3034:
3030:
3020:
3017:
3015:
3012:
3010:
3007:
3005:
3002:
3000:
2997:
2995:
2992:
2990:
2987:
2985:
2982:
2980:
2977:
2975:
2972:
2970:
2967:
2965:
2962:
2960:
2957:
2955:
2952:
2950:
2947:
2946:
2944:
2940:
2934:
2931:
2929:
2926:
2924:
2921:
2917:
2914:
2912:
2909:
2907:
2904:
2903:
2902:
2899:
2897:
2894:
2892:
2889:
2887:
2884:
2882:
2879:
2877:
2874:
2873:
2871:
2869:
2865:
2859:
2853:
2851:
2848:
2846:
2843:
2841:
2837:
2833:
2831:
2828:
2826:
2820:
2818:
2815:
2813:
2810:
2808:
2804:
2800:
2798:
2794:
2790:
2788:
2785:
2783:
2780:
2776:
2773:
2771:
2768:
2767:
2766:
2763:
2761:
2757:
2752:
2750:
2746:
2742:
2740:
2737:
2736:
2734:
2730:
2726:
2722:
2715:
2710:
2708:
2703:
2701:
2696:
2695:
2692:
2686:
2683:
2681:
2677:
2668:
2664:
2661:
2658:
2656:
2655:
2650:
2647:
2643:
2642:
2637:
2633:
2632:"Mulla Sadra"
2628:
2625:
2622:
2620:
2616:
2613:
2611:
2610:
2605:
2602:
2601:
2597:
2592:
2588:
2585:
2581:
2578:
2574:
2571:
2568:
2564:
2561:
2558:
2554:
2551:
2547:
2544:
2540:
2539:
2535:
2534:
2530:
2527:
2524:
2521:
2518:
2515:
2512:
2509:
2508:
2504:
2503:
2499:
2493:
2487:
2484:. Routledge.
2483:
2478:
2474:
2468:
2464:
2463:
2458:
2454:
2450:
2448:0-7007-0412-4
2444:
2441:. Routledge.
2440:
2435:
2431:
2426:
2422:
2416:
2413:. Routledge.
2412:
2407:
2406:
2402:
2394:
2389:
2386:
2382:
2377:
2374:
2370:
2365:
2362:
2358:
2352:
2349:
2345:
2339:
2336:
2332:
2326:
2323:
2319:
2313:
2310:
2299:
2298:
2293:
2286:
2283:
2277:
2274:
2270:
2264:
2262:
2260:
2256:
2250:
2247:
2243:
2237:
2234:
2230:
2223:
2221:
2219:
2215:
2212:, p. 13)
2211:
2205:
2202:
2199:, p. 18)
2198:
2192:
2189:
2185:
2180:
2177:
2174:, p. 12)
2173:
2167:
2164:
2160:
2154:
2152:
2148:
2144:
2142:0-7546-5271-8
2138:
2134:
2127:
2124:
2120:
2115:
2112:
2106:
2103:
2099:
2095:
2093:9780231175357
2089:
2085:
2078:
2075:
2070:
2057:
2049:
2045:
2040:
2035:
2031:
2025:
2022:
2009:
2005:
1999:
1996:
1983:
1977:
1974:
1969:
1965:
1961:
1957:
1953:
1949:
1941:
1938:
1931:
1927:
1924:
1922:
1919:
1917:
1914:
1912:
1909:
1907:
1904:
1902:
1899:
1897:
1894:
1892:
1889:
1888:
1884:
1882:
1880:
1876:
1872:
1864:
1859:
1853:Commemoration
1852:
1847:
1844:
1841:
1838:
1835:
1832:
1829:
1826:
1823:
1820:
1817:
1816:
1812:
1809:
1806:
1803:
1800:
1797:
1796:al-Hashriyyah
1794:
1791:
1788:
1785:
1782:
1779:
1776:
1773:
1770:
1767:
1764:
1761:
1758:
1755:
1752:
1749:
1746:
1743:
1740:
1737:
1734:
1731:
1728:
1725:
1722:
1719:
1715:
1712:
1709:
1705:
1704:Sharh-i Shafa
1702:
1699:
1696:
1693:
1690:
1687:
1684:
1681:
1678:
1675:
1672:
1669:
1665:
1662:
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1631:
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1617:
1614:
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1602:
1599:
1596:
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1580:
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1576:
1572:
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1563:
1561:
1558:
1550:
1546:
1542:
1538:
1531:
1528:
1525:
1524:
1523:
1520:
1513:
1508:
1505:
1502:
1499:
1496:
1493:
1490:
1489:
1488:
1486:
1481:
1479:
1473:
1467:
1465:
1463:
1459:
1455:
1451:
1447:
1443:
1439:
1435:
1431:
1427:
1423:
1419:
1415:
1411:
1407:
1403:
1399:
1395:
1391:
1387:
1383:
1379:
1376:
1368:
1365:
1363:
1356:
1354:
1350:
1345:
1341:
1337:
1335:
1330:
1323:
1320:
1312:
1310:
1308:
1304:
1300:
1294:
1292:
1288:
1284:
1280:
1275:
1273:
1269:
1265:
1261:
1257:
1253:
1245:
1243:
1241:
1237:
1232:
1230:
1226:
1222:
1218:
1214:
1210:
1206:
1202:
1198:
1194:
1186:
1184:
1182:
1178:
1174:
1171:
1167:
1163:
1159:
1155:
1151:
1146:
1144:
1140:
1136:
1135:jurisprudence
1132:
1128:
1124:
1120:
1116:
1112:
1108:
1104:
1103:Fars Province
1100:
1096:
1092:
1088:
1084:
1076:
1070:
1063:
1058:
1051:
1049:
1047:
1043:
1039:
1035:
1031:
1030:Four Journeys
1027:
1026:
1020:
1018:
1015:
1011:
1008:
1004:
1000:
996:
992:
988:
984:
979:
977:
973:
969:
965:
961:
956:
954:
950:
946:
942:
938:
933:
931:
930:Oliver Leaman
927:
923:
919:
915:
912:
909:
906:
901:صدر المتألهین
898:
890:
886:
882:
876:
871:
860:
855:
853:
848:
846:
841:
840:
838:
837:
834:
824:
823:
816:
813:
811:
808:
806:
803:
801:
798:
796:
793:
791:
788:
786:
783:
781:
778:
776:
773:
771:
768:
767:
761:
760:
753:
750:
748:
745:
743:
742:Notable early
740:
739:
736:List of sufis
733:
732:
725:
722:
720:
717:
715:
712:
710:
707:
705:
702:
700:
697:
695:
692:
690:
687:
685:
682:
680:
677:
675:
672:
670:
667:
665:
662:
660:
657:
655:
652:
650:
647:
645:
642:
640:
637:
635:
632:
630:
627:
625:
622:
620:
617:
615:
612:
610:
607:
605:
602:
600:
597:
595:
592:
590:
587:
585:
582:
580:
577:
575:
572:
570:
567:
565:
562:
560:
557:
555:
552:
550:
547:
545:
542:
541:
538:
533:
532:
525:
522:
520:
517:
515:
512:
510:
507:
505:
502:
500:
497:
495:
492:
490:
487:
486:
480:
479:
472:
469:
467:
464:
462:
459:
457:
454:
452:
449:
447:
444:
442:
439:
437:
434:
432:
429:
427:
424:
422:
419:
417:
414:
412:
409:
407:
404:
402:
399:
397:
394:
392:
389:
387:
384:
382:
379:
377:
374:
372:
369:
367:
364:
362:
359:
357:
354:
352:
349:
347:
344:
342:
339:
337:
334:
332:
329:
327:
324:
322:
319:
317:
314:
310:
305:
303:
300:
299:
293:
292:
287:
279:
275:
274:
270:
263:
259:
252:
242:
238:
234:
230:
226:
222:
218:
215:
206:
200:
196:
192:
188:
184:
180:
177:
168:
165:Muslim leader
163:
160:
156:
152:
148:
144:
141:
137:
134:
131:
127:
124:
121:
117:
114:
111:
107:
104:
101:
97:
94:
91:
87:
83:
77:
73:
69:
63:
59:
54:
47:
42:
38:(Mullā Ṣadrā)
33:
30:
19:
3604:1570s births
3535:Partawi Shah
3530:Javadi Amoli
3515:Ahmad Fardid
3460:Martin Lings
3375:
3310:Hajji Bayram
3284:Ibn Taymiyya
3213:Omar Khayyám
3198:Ayn-al-Quzat
3193:Ahmad Yasavi
3106:Ibn Masarrah
3040:by century (
3038:Philosophers
2933:Contemporary
2835:
2802:
2792:
2755:
2744:
2652:
2639:
2607:
2590:
2583:
2576:
2566:
2563:Zailan Moris
2556:
2549:
2542:
2528:
2522:
2516:
2510:
2481:
2461:
2438:
2429:
2410:
2388:
2376:
2364:
2356:
2351:
2343:
2338:
2330:
2325:
2317:
2312:
2301:, retrieved
2296:
2285:
2276:
2268:
2249:
2236:
2204:
2191:
2179:
2166:
2158:
2132:
2126:
2114:
2105:
2097:
2083:
2077:
2056:cite journal
2024:
2012:. Retrieved
2007:
1998:
1986:. Retrieved
1976:
1951:
1947:
1940:
1911:Hossein Nasr
1868:
1845:
1839:
1833:
1827:
1821:
1813:
1807:
1801:
1795:
1789:
1783:
1777:
1771:
1765:
1759:
1753:
1747:
1741:
1735:
1729:
1723:
1717:
1713:
1707:
1703:
1697:
1691:
1685:
1679:
1673:
1668:Henry Corbin
1663:
1657:
1651:
1645:
1639:
1633:
1629:
1619:
1615:
1609:
1603:
1597:
1589:
1581:
1567:
1557:Causal nexus
1554:
1521:
1517:
1484:
1482:
1478:Names of God
1474:
1471:
1461:
1449:
1441:
1433:
1425:
1405:
1397:
1388:, including
1381:
1372:
1358:
1353:Henry Corbin
1348:
1346:
1342:
1338:
1331:
1327:
1295:
1276:
1249:
1233:
1225:Aristotelian
1190:
1162:hermeneutics
1147:
1119:horse riding
1080:
1029:
1028:, or simply
1023:
1021:
980:
964:essentialism
957:
952:
934:
924:who led the
884:
880:
879:
679:Ni'matullāhī
644:Sülaymaniyya
629:Maizbhandari
241:Hossein Nasr
119:Denomination
29:
3609:1640 deaths
3450:René Guénon
3440:Gohar Shahi
3376:Mulla Sadra
3300:Ibn Khaldun
2911:metaphysics
2857:(mysticism)
2839:(education)
2817:Metaphysics
2796:(dialectic)
2782:Eschatology
2759:(intellect)
2649:Mulla Sadra
2615:Mulla-Sadra
2242:Razavi 1997
1834:Diwan Shi’r
1664:al-Masha‘ir
1598:Diwan Shi’r
1541:Khan School
1375:substantial
1283:Khan School
1264:Khan School
1221:Peripatetic
1139:Islamic law
1123:mathematics
1042:Alpharabius
885:Mullā Ṣadrā
810:Persecution
537:Sufi orders
446:Sufi poetry
3558:Categories
3305:Yunus Emre
3249:Ibn Sab’in
3218:Suhrawardi
3208:Ibn Tufail
3127:Al-Ghazali
3081:Apharabius
2916:psychology
2886:Avicennism
2748:(theology)
2403:References
2383:4 May 2020
2303:4 February
2014:8 November
1988:8 November
1640:al-Mazahir
1616:‘Arshiyyah
1418:categories
1380:" (Arabic:
1355:describes:
1301:after the
1077:Early life
1001:, and the
983:Avicennism
918:theologian
875:Kahak, Qom
805:Sufi music
574:Suhrawardi
564:Naqshbandi
211:Influenced
3674:Ibn Arabi
3366:Mir Damad
3359:17th–19th
3293:14th–16th
3259:al-Abharī
3254:Ibn Arabi
3188:Ahi Evren
3147:Bahmanyār
2906:cosmology
2891:Averroism
2824:(physics)
2770:astrology
2765:Cosmology
2048:2058-5462
1968:1471-6917
1822:al-Tanqih
1591:al-Tafsir
1514:Causation
1458:substance
1410:Aristotle
1201:Mir Damad
1177:Mir Damad
1127:astronomy
1052:Biography
995:Ibn Arabi
972:cosmology
709:Issawiyya
684:Qalandari
649:Salihiyya
544:Ba 'Alawi
504:Muraqabah
483:Practices
199:Ibn Arabi
187:Mir Damad
3203:Averroes
3142:Ibn Hazm
3137:Avicenna
3091:Al Amiri
3061:Al-Kindi
3054:9th–10th
2964:ʼIjtihād
2949:ʻAṣabīya
2942:Concepts
2881:Farabism
2836:Madrasah
2459:(2013).
1885:See also
1778:al-Mizaj
1708:al-Shifa
1658:al-Hashr
1438:position
1422:quantity
1420:, i.e.,
1414:Avicenna
1334:quiddity
1309:, Iraq.
1187:Teachers
1131:medicine
1046:Avicenna
1003:theology
893:ملا صدرا
669:Shattari
634:Malamati
584:Khalwati
569:Shadhili
549:Bektashi
519:Whirling
489:Anasheed
416:Qalandar
284:Tomb of
258:a series
256:Part of
191:Avicenna
179:Imam Ali
89:Religion
56:Personal
3422:present
2984:Maslaha
2868:Schools
2855:Sufism
2739:Alchemy
2638:(ed.).
2536:Studies
1871:Khordad
1863:Persian
1846:Letters
1545:madrasa
1454:reality
1430:quality
1268:Persian
1260:madrasa
1205:Isfahan
1173:Shi'ite
1170:Twelver
1154:Isfahan
1129:, some
1107:Persian
1099:Safavid
1017:Shi'ism
1014:Twelver
1010:Ash'ari
1005:of the
960:reality
941:Ishraqi
926:Iranian
908:Twelver
905:Persian
889:Persian
815:Ziyarat
800:History
790:Ma'rifa
752:Singers
714:Jerrahi
704:Inayati
664:Mevlevi
659:Kubrawi
654:Azeemia
639:Mouridi
624:Jelveti
619:Bayrami
609:Darqawi
589:Rahmani
559:Chishti
524:Ziyarat
509:Qawwali
461:Tazkiah
426:Silsila
401:Murshid
386:Ma'rifa
366:Karamat
321:Dervish
133:Twelver
3014:Tawḥīd
2974:ʻIrfān
2787:Ethics
2745:Aqidah
2732:Fields
2488:
2469:
2445:
2417:
2139:
2090:
2046:
1966:
1604:Si Asl
1549:Shiraz
1462:jawhar
1444:) and
1386:nature
1378:motion
1279:Shīrāz
1256:Shiraz
1227:) and
1217:hadith
1193:Qazvin
1160:, and
1158:Hadith
1150:Qazvin
1143:gnosis
1137:, and
1083:Shiraz
1034:Sufism
920:, and
897:Arabic
785:Haqiqa
780:Tariqa
775:Sharia
770:Tawhid
724:Zahedi
719:Madari
694:Galibi
689:Akbari
674:Uwaisi
614:Senusi
604:Tijani
599:Desuqi
594:Badawi
579:Rifa`i
554:Qadiri
471:Yaqeen
381:Manzil
376:Lataif
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