416:
365:
337:
309:
62:
197:
44:
53:
281:
177:
225:
157:
35:
377:
543:
383:
611:
517:
507:
1435:
561:
122:
675:) indicates silence for one bar or more for the entire ensemble. Specifically marking general pauses each time they occur (rather than writing them as ordinary rests) is relevant for performers, as making any kind of noise should be avoided thereβfor instance, page turns in sheet music are not made during general pauses, as the sound of turning the page becomes noticeable when no one is playing.
534:
1425:
552:
253:
584:
at both ends (see above middle picture), or as thick diagonal lines placed between the second and fourth lines of the staff, resembling a large heavy minus sign or equals sign set at a slant (the diagonal style is much less common than the horizontal one; although a small number of publishers use it,
751:
Associated Board of the Royal
Schools of Music, London 1958. I, 33 and III, 25. The former shows both forms without distinction, the latter the "old" form only. The book was the standard theory manual in the UK up until at least 1975. The "old" form was taught as a manuscript variant of the printed
592:
dating from
Medieval times) draws each multimeasure rest according to the picture above right unless it will exceed a certain number of bars; rests longer than that limit are drawn using the thick horizontal line mentioned above. How long a multimeasure rest must be before resorting to a horizontal
597:
The number of bars for which a horizontal line multimeasure rest lasts is indicated by a number printed above the musical staff (usually at the same size as the numerals in a time signature). If a change of meter or key occurs during a multimeasure rest, that rest must be divided into shorter
575:
In instrumental parts, rests of more than one bar in the same meter and key may be indicated with a multimeasure rest (British
English: multiple bar rest), showing the number of bars of rest, as shown. A multimeasure rest is usually drawn in one of two ways:
89:, thus indicating how long the silence should last. Each type of rest is named for the note value it corresponds with (e.g. quarter note and quarter rest, or quaver and quaver rest), and each of them has a distinctive sign.
598:
sections for clarity, with the changes of key and/or meter indicated between the rests. Multimeasure rests must also be divided at double barlines, which demarcate musical phrases or sections, and at
593:
line is a matter of personal taste or editorial policy; most publishers use ten bars as the changing point, however, larger and smaller changing points are used, especially in earlier music.
585:
it is more commonly found in modern manuscripts in a casual style). Both variants of thick line rests are drawn in the same shape each time, regardless of how many bars' rest they represent.
659:. In these meters the long-standing convention has been to indicate one beat of rest as a quarter rest followed by an eighth rest (equivalent to three eighths). See:
868:
364:
494:
Occasionally in manuscripts and facsimiles of them, bars of rest are sometimes left completely empty and unmarked, possibly even without the staves.
472:
time signature (four half notes per bar), when a double whole (breve) rest was typically used for a bar's rest, and for time signatures shorter than
336:
772:
689:
1334:
789:, second edition, by Gardner Read (Boston: Allyn and Bacon, 1969): 98. (Reprinted, New York: Taplinger Publishing Company, 1979).
308:
61:
861:
196:
43:
52:
419:
735:
Examples of the older form are found in the work of
English music publishers up to the 20th century, e.g., W. A. Mozart
176:
1369:
1233:
487:, when a rest of the actual measure length would be used. Some published (usually earlier) music places the numeral "
280:
588:
The older system of notating multirests (deriving from
Baroque notation conventions that were adapted from the old
105:, marked by symbols indicating the length of the silence. Each rest symbol and name corresponds with a particular
1464:
1459:
1438:
1329:
1304:
1095:
854:
121:
224:
156:
34:
1339:
1289:
1178:
1085:
1428:
1299:
694:
978:
626:
1410:
1274:
973:
625:
by half, but this is less commonly used than with notes, except occasionally in modern music notated in
1105:
903:
1344:
1324:
252:
996:
422:
316:
520:
The old system for notating multirests, still in use today but followed only to varying extents
1390:
1138:
768:
589:
376:
344:
164:
1469:
1349:
1153:
1128:
1080:
953:
877:
807:
622:
599:
79:
1243:
1238:
1123:
1090:
1006:
542:
433:
110:
610:
382:
1400:
1374:
1113:
968:
454:
288:
1453:
1405:
1264:
1183:
1055:
1011:
948:
928:
885:
390:
144:
560:
1319:
1309:
1284:
1195:
1158:
1048:
1038:
1001:
988:
938:
232:
1395:
1269:
1248:
1225:
1210:
1023:
958:
933:
908:
618:
533:
506:
450:
394:
260:
551:
453:
is devoid of notes, a whole (semibreve) rest is used, regardless of the actual
1294:
1168:
1033:
1028:
401:
400:
The combination of rests used to mark a silence follows the same rules as for
184:
114:
109:, indicating how long the silence should last, generally as a multiplier of a
106:
86:
17:
1364:
1354:
1314:
1279:
1163:
923:
660:
516:
204:
1215:
1200:
1043:
1018:
580:
As a thick horizontal line placed on the middle line of the staff, with
1190:
1173:
1148:
1133:
1118:
1075:
918:
739:, vocal score ed. W. T. Best, pub. London: Novello & Co. Ltd. 1879.
684:
98:
799:
393:
rest are only used in long silent passages which are not divided into
1205:
1143:
1070:
898:
893:
581:
437:
846:
811:
1359:
1065:
963:
943:
699:
609:
102:
75:
913:
850:
85:
The length of a rest corresponds with that of a particular
501:
421:
Audio playback is not supported in your browser. You can
78:
for a defined period of time in music, or one of the
838:
Behind Bars β The
Definitive Guide to Music Notation
825:
Behind Bars β The
Definitive Guide to Music Notation
491:" above the rest to confirm the extent of the rest.
1383:
1257:
1224:
1104:
987:
884:
800:Aesthetic Functions of Silence and Rests in Music
29:
862:
8:
804:The Journal of Aesthetics and Art Criticism
787:Music Notation: A Manual of Modern Practice
1424:
869:
855:
847:
671:In a score for an ensemble piece, "G.P." (
569:Seven measure multirest, notated variously
457:. Historically exceptions were made for a
840:, p. 561. Faber Music (publisher), 2011.
827:, p. 190. Faber Music (publisher), 2011.
515:
505:
126:
719:
717:
715:
711:
27:Interval of silence in a piece of music
782:
780:
7:
760:
758:
690:List of silent musical compositions
25:
1434:
1433:
1423:
559:
550:
541:
532:
381:
375:
363:
335:
307:
279:
251:
223:
195:
175:
155:
120:
60:
51:
42:
33:
380:(π½) may take a different form
1:
749:Rudiments and Theory of Music
82:signs used to indicate that.
767:by E. Taylor, chapter 13/1,
418:
374:The quarter (crotchet) rest
1234:History of music publishing
726:(1937) by C. Gorden, p. 93.
1486:
503:
1439:Category:Musical notation
1419:
1305:Numbered musical notation
1096:Scientific pitch notation
806:22 (1964), no. 4: 443β54
724:History of Music Notation
621:after it, increasing its
389:The four-measure rest or
1086:Helmholtz pitch notation
765:AB guide to music theory
1429:List of musical symbols
1300:Nashville Number System
695:List of musical symbols
617:A rest may also have a
442:Qui vult venire post me
423:download the audio file
349:Hemidemisemiquaver rest
97:Rests are intervals of
979:Transposing instrument
614:
521:
511:
498:Multiple measure rests
432:Rest on weak interior
613:
519:
509:
590:mensural rest system
74:is the absence of a
1325:Percussion notation
802:", by Zofia Lissa,
321:Demisemiquaver rest
615:
522:
512:
510:Fifteen bars' rest
317:Thirty-second rest
1447:
1446:
1391:Mensural notation
773:978-1-85472-446-5
600:rehearsal letters
526:
525:
427:
371:
370:
345:Sixty-fourth rest
165:Double whole rest
68:
67:
16:(Redirected from
1477:
1465:Rhythm and meter
1460:Musical notation
1437:
1436:
1427:
1426:
1290:Graphic notation
954:Rehearsal letter
878:Musical notation
871:
864:
857:
848:
841:
834:
828:
821:
815:
796:
790:
784:
775:
762:
753:
746:
740:
733:
727:
721:
658:
657:
656:
655:
643:
642:
641:
640:
563:
554:
545:
536:
502:
490:
486:
485:
484:
483:
471:
470:
469:
468:
385:
379:
367:
360:
359:
355:
339:
332:
331:
327:
311:
304:
303:
299:
283:
276:
275:
271:
255:
248:
247:
243:
227:
220:
219:
215:
199:
179:
159:
130:American English
127:
124:
80:musical notation
64:
55:
46:
37:
30:
21:
1485:
1484:
1480:
1479:
1478:
1476:
1475:
1474:
1450:
1449:
1448:
1443:
1415:
1379:
1253:
1244:Music publisher
1239:Music engraving
1220:
1100:
1091:Letter notation
983:
880:
875:
845:
844:
835:
831:
822:
818:
797:
793:
785:
778:
763:
756:
747:
743:
734:
730:
722:
713:
708:
681:
669:
654:
649:
648:
647:
646:
645:
639:
634:
633:
632:
631:
630:
627:compound meters
608:
573:
572:
571:
570:
566:
565:
564:
556:
555:
547:
546:
538:
537:
500:
488:
482:
477:
476:
475:
474:
473:
467:
462:
461:
460:
459:
458:
449:When an entire
447:
446:
445:
430:
429:
428:
426:
411:
386:in older music.
357:
353:
352:
329:
325:
324:
301:
297:
296:
293:Semiquaver rest
273:
269:
268:
245:
241:
240:
217:
213:
212:
133:British English
95:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1483:
1481:
1473:
1472:
1467:
1462:
1452:
1451:
1445:
1444:
1442:
1441:
1431:
1420:
1417:
1416:
1414:
1413:
1408:
1403:
1398:
1393:
1387:
1385:
1381:
1380:
1378:
1377:
1372:
1367:
1362:
1357:
1352:
1347:
1342:
1337:
1332:
1327:
1322:
1317:
1312:
1307:
1302:
1297:
1292:
1287:
1282:
1277:
1272:
1267:
1261:
1259:
1255:
1254:
1252:
1251:
1246:
1241:
1236:
1230:
1228:
1222:
1221:
1219:
1218:
1213:
1208:
1203:
1198:
1193:
1188:
1187:
1186:
1181:
1176:
1171:
1166:
1161:
1151:
1146:
1141:
1136:
1131:
1126:
1121:
1116:
1110:
1108:
1102:
1101:
1099:
1098:
1093:
1088:
1083:
1078:
1073:
1068:
1063:
1058:
1053:
1052:
1051:
1046:
1041:
1031:
1026:
1021:
1016:
1015:
1014:
1009:
1004:
993:
991:
985:
984:
982:
981:
976:
971:
969:Time signature
966:
961:
956:
951:
946:
941:
936:
931:
926:
921:
916:
911:
906:
901:
896:
890:
888:
882:
881:
876:
874:
873:
866:
859:
851:
843:
842:
836:Elaine Gould,
829:
823:Elaine Gould,
816:
812:10.2307/427936
791:
776:
754:
741:
728:
710:
709:
707:
704:
703:
702:
697:
692:
687:
680:
677:
668:
665:
650:
635:
607:
604:
595:
594:
586:
568:
567:
558:
557:
549:
548:
540:
539:
531:
530:
529:
528:
527:
524:
523:
513:
499:
496:
478:
463:
455:time signature
431:
420:
417:
415:
414:
413:
412:
410:
407:
406:
405:
398:
387:
369:
368:
361:
350:
347:
341:
340:
333:
322:
319:
313:
312:
305:
294:
291:
289:Sixteenth rest
285:
284:
277:
266:
263:
257:
256:
249:
238:
235:
229:
228:
221:
210:
207:
201:
200:
193:
190:
189:Semibreve rest
187:
181:
180:
173:
170:
167:
161:
160:
153:
150:
147:
141:
140:
137:
134:
131:
94:
91:
66:
65:
57:
56:
48:
47:
39:
38:
26:
24:
18:Multibar Rests
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1482:
1471:
1468:
1466:
1463:
1461:
1458:
1457:
1455:
1440:
1432:
1430:
1422:
1421:
1418:
1412:
1411:Transcription
1409:
1407:
1406:Sight-reading
1404:
1402:
1401:Perfect pitch
1399:
1397:
1394:
1392:
1389:
1388:
1386:
1382:
1376:
1373:
1371:
1368:
1366:
1363:
1361:
1358:
1356:
1353:
1351:
1348:
1346:
1343:
1341:
1338:
1336:
1335:Ancient Greek
1333:
1331:
1328:
1326:
1323:
1321:
1318:
1316:
1313:
1311:
1308:
1306:
1303:
1301:
1298:
1296:
1293:
1291:
1288:
1286:
1283:
1281:
1278:
1276:
1275:Chord diagram
1273:
1271:
1268:
1266:
1265:Braille music
1263:
1262:
1260:
1258:Other systems
1256:
1250:
1247:
1245:
1242:
1240:
1237:
1235:
1232:
1231:
1229:
1227:
1223:
1217:
1214:
1212:
1209:
1207:
1204:
1202:
1199:
1197:
1194:
1192:
1189:
1185:
1182:
1180:
1177:
1175:
1172:
1170:
1167:
1165:
1162:
1160:
1157:
1156:
1155:
1152:
1150:
1147:
1145:
1142:
1140:
1137:
1135:
1132:
1130:
1127:
1125:
1122:
1120:
1117:
1115:
1112:
1111:
1109:
1107:
1103:
1097:
1094:
1092:
1089:
1087:
1084:
1082:
1079:
1077:
1074:
1072:
1069:
1067:
1064:
1062:
1059:
1057:
1054:
1050:
1047:
1045:
1042:
1040:
1037:
1036:
1035:
1032:
1030:
1027:
1025:
1022:
1020:
1017:
1013:
1010:
1008:
1005:
1003:
1000:
999:
998:
995:
994:
992:
990:
989:Musical notes
986:
980:
977:
975:
974:Transposition
972:
970:
967:
965:
962:
960:
957:
955:
952:
950:
947:
945:
942:
940:
937:
935:
932:
930:
929:Key signature
927:
925:
922:
920:
917:
915:
912:
910:
907:
905:
902:
900:
897:
895:
892:
891:
889:
887:
883:
879:
872:
867:
865:
860:
858:
853:
852:
849:
839:
833:
830:
826:
820:
817:
813:
809:
805:
801:
795:
792:
788:
783:
781:
777:
774:
770:
766:
761:
759:
755:
750:
745:
742:
738:
732:
729:
725:
720:
718:
716:
712:
705:
701:
698:
696:
693:
691:
688:
686:
683:
682:
678:
676:
674:
673:general pause
667:General pause
666:
664:
662:
653:
638:
628:
624:
620:
612:
605:
603:
601:
591:
587:
583:
579:
578:
577:
562:
553:
544:
535:
518:
514:
508:
504:
497:
495:
492:
481:
466:
456:
452:
443:
439:
435:
424:
409:One-bar rests
408:
403:
399:
396:
392:
388:
384:
378:
373:
372:
366:
362:
351:
348:
346:
343:
342:
338:
334:
323:
320:
318:
315:
314:
310:
306:
295:
292:
290:
287:
286:
282:
278:
267:
264:
262:
259:
258:
254:
250:
239:
237:Crotchet rest
236:
234:
231:
230:
226:
222:
211:
208:
206:
203:
202:
198:
194:
191:
188:
186:
183:
182:
178:
174:
171:
168:
166:
163:
162:
158:
154:
151:
148:
146:
143:
142:
138:
135:
132:
129:
128:
125:
123:
118:
116:
112:
108:
104:
101:in pieces of
100:
92:
90:
88:
83:
81:
77:
73:
63:
59:
58:
54:
50:
49:
45:
41:
40:
36:
32:
31:
19:
1310:Klavarskribo
1285:Figured bass
1159:Appoggiatura
1106:Articulation
1060:
904:Abbreviation
837:
832:
824:
819:
803:
794:
786:
764:
748:
744:
737:Requiem Mass
736:
731:
723:
672:
670:
651:
636:
616:
606:Dotted rests
596:
574:
493:
479:
464:
448:
441:
233:Quarter rest
119:
96:
84:
71:
69:
1396:Music stand
1270:Chord chart
1249:Scorewriter
1226:Sheet music
1024:Dotted note
959:Repeat sign
934:Ledger line
402:note values
265:Quaver rest
261:Eighth rest
93:Description
1454:Categories
1370:Shakuhachi
1345:Ekphonetic
1330:Simplified
1295:Lead sheet
1169:Grace note
1034:Note value
1029:Grace note
997:Accidental
706:References
209:Minim rest
185:Whole rest
169:Breve rest
136:Multiplier
115:whole note
107:note value
87:note value
1365:Swaralipi
1355:Kunkunshi
1315:Tablature
1280:Eye music
1164:Glissando
1139:Fingering
924:Dal segno
661:Anacrusis
444:, mm. 3β5
205:Half rest
149:Long rest
1375:Znamenny
1216:Tonguing
1201:Staccato
1154:Ornament
1129:Dynamics
1081:Interval
1044:Notehead
1019:Cue note
679:See also
629:such as
623:duration
1470:Silence
1384:Related
1350:Gamelan
1340:Chinese
1320:Parsons
1191:Portato
1174:Mordent
1149:Marcato
1134:Fermata
1124:Damping
1119:Caesura
1076:Tremolo
1007:natural
919:Da capo
685:Caesura
434:cadence
356:⁄
328:⁄
300:⁄
272:⁄
244:⁄
216:⁄
139:Symbol
111:measure
99:silence
1206:Tenuto
1144:Legato
1114:Accent
1071:Tuplet
771:
582:serifs
438:Lassus
1360:Neume
1184:Trill
1179:Slide
1066:Tacet
1056:Pitch
1012:sharp
964:Tempo
949:Scale
944:Ossia
886:Staff
752:form.
700:Tacet
436:from
391:longa
145:Longa
103:music
76:sound
1196:Slur
1061:Rest
1049:stem
1039:beam
1002:flat
939:Mode
914:Clef
769:ISBN
395:bars
72:rest
1211:Tie
909:Bar
808:doi
644:or
619:dot
451:bar
440:'s
113:or
1456::
899:15
779:^
757:^
714:^
663:.
602:.
480:16
358:64
330:32
302:16
117:.
70:A
894:8
870:e
863:t
856:v
814:.
810::
798:"
652:8
637:8
489:1
465:2
425:.
404:.
397:.
354:1
326:1
298:1
274:8
270:1
246:4
242:1
218:2
214:1
192:1
172:2
152:4
20:)
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