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Copernican heliocentric theory arises due to its apparent mathematical grandeur and his prior commitment to the theory. Marius, however, showed no evident commitment to any theory but rather hypothesized based on telescopic observation. He also concluded from his observations of the
Galilean moons that they must orbit Jupiter while Jupiter orbits the Sun. Therefore, Marius concluded that the geocentric
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Capra published another book in 1607 which he actually plagiarised from
Galileo, and Marius was implicated in the act due to his prior association with Capra, even though this was after Marius had left Padua. Galileo certainly was under that impression, as he referred to his "old adversary" (without
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Because of
Galileo's stature in the scientific community, for nearly 300 years, Marius's reputation was tainted by Galileo's accusations. However, a scientific committee in the Netherlands in 1903 examined the evidence extensively and ruled in favor of Marius's independent discoveries, with results
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world system, and he said that the appearance of the stars as seen through a telescope actually argued against
Copernicus. These findings are contrasting to those of Galileo, who utilized similar telescopic data alternatively to support the Copernican world system. This adherence by Galileo to the
449:, as stars are too distant for their physical disks to be detected telescopically), but Marius interpreted them to be physical disks, like the planetary disks visible through a telescope. He concluded that since he could see stellar disks, the stars could not be as distant as was required in the
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in 1586, where he studied until 1601. During this time, he published observations about a comet as well as astronomical tables, which gave him a reputation as a good astronomer and mathematician, and the
Margrave appointed him as his official mathematician. Marius wanted to attend the
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and its moons (he previously had published the discovery in 1611 in a local almanac). Here he claimed to have discovered the planet's four major moons about a month before
Galileo, who was naturally incensed. In
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That in 1612 he measured the diameter of the
Andromeda nebula and discerned it as having a dull, pale light which increased in brightness toward its center, like "a candle shining through horn".
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and Marius took his student's side in the argument. Marius left the school in July 1605, returning to
Ansbach to become the mathematician and physician to the new Margraves,
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474:; Lateinisches Faksimile und deutsche Übersetzung; Hrsg. und bearb. von Joachim Schlör. Naturwiss. begleitet und mit einem Nachw. vers. von Alois Wilder), 1614
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In 1606, Marius married
Felicitas Lauer (born 1590), the daughter of his publisher, in Ansbach, and in 1609 he published the first German translations of
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That, from his observations of the
Galilean moons he derived better periods of revolution and other orbital elements for them than did Galileo.
221:, but was unable to get a scholarship. However, the Margrave wrote a letter of recommendation on 22 May 1601, so that Marius could study in
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in 1907. Apparently Marius discovered the moons independently, but did not start keeping notes until 29 December 1609. Marius used the
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458:, in which the planets circle the Sun while the Sun circles the Earth, must be the correct world system, or model of the universe.
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from his observations of the Jovian moons and the stellar disks. The stellar disks he observed were spurious (likely the
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698:"400th Anniversary of Marius's Book with the First Image of an Astronomical Telescope and of Orbits of Jovian Moons"
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892:"Seeds of a Tychonic Revolution: Telescopic Observations of the Stars by Galileo Galilei and Simon Marius"
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Discussion of Marius' work is scarce, but what exists tends to note his skill as an observer, including:
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Pasachoff, Jay M. (May 2015). "Simon Marius's Mundus Iovialis: 400th Anniversary in Galileo's Shadow".
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947:"But Still, It Moves: Tides, Stellar Parallax, and Galileo's Commitment to the Copernican Theory"
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High resolution images of works by and/or portraits of Simon Marius in .jpg and .tiff format.
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and found a star there which he estimated to be "somewhat dimmer than Jupiter's third moon".
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one used by Galileo, one day after Galileo's letter in which he first described the moons.
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Regardless of priority, the mythological names by which these satellites are known today (
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Marius was the son of Reichart Mayr, a mayor of Gunzenhausen. On the recommendation of
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explicitly naming Marius) as a "poisonous reptile", and an "enemy of all mankind".
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Online Galleries, History of Science Collections, University of Oklahoma Libraries
773:"Abd al-Rahman al-Sufi and his book of the fixed stars: a journey of re-discovery"
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Il vuoto e la quiete. Scienza e mistica nel '600: Elena Cornaro e Carlo Rinaldini
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596:(in German), vol. 16, Berlin: Duncker & Humblot, pp. 217–218
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Bosscha, J., "Simon Marius. Réhabilitation d´un astronome calomnié", in:
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731:[Simon Marius. Rehabilitation of a slandered astronomer.].
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By September 1601, Marius had already left Prague and he arrived in
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1037:– Simon-Marius-Gymnasium Gunzenhausen, named after the astronomer.
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That he detected spurious disks of stars created by his telescope.
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864:, New Series, Vol. 239, No. 4839 (January 29, 1988), pp. 460–462
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Die Welt des Jupiter, 1609 mit dem flämischen Teleskop entdeckt
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188:. He is best known for being among the first observers of the
252:) which they had observed in 1604. Capra had a dispute with
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Waldrop, M. Mitchell,"Supernova 1987 A: Facts and Fancies",
488:, Ser. II, T. XII, pp. 258–307, 490–528, La Haye, 1907
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Mundus Iovialis anno MDCIX Detectus Ope Perspicilli Belgici
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Bond, George P., "An Account of the Nebula in Andromeda",
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Archives Nederlandaises des Sciences Exactes et Naturelles
405:, which had also been known to Persian astronomers of the
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Archives NĂ©erlandaises des Sciences Exactes et Naturelles
196:, and his publication of his discovery led to charges of
332:, and that date is equivalent to 8 January 1610, in the
729:"Simon Marius. Réhabilitation d'un astronome calomnié"
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Zinner, E., "Zur Ehrenrettung des Simon Marius", in:
1025:– Mathematician – Medical Practitioner – Astronomer.
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Memoirs of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences
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American Astronomical Society Meeting Abstracts #225
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Vierteljahresschrift der Astronomischen Gesellschaft
248:, with whom he wrote a book on a new star (actually
696:Pasachoff, Jay M.; Leich, Pierre (1 January 2015).
437:Marius drew conclusions about the structure of the
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832:Dreyer, JLE, "The Tercentenary of the Telescope",
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210:George Frederick, Margrave of Brandenburg-Ansbach
172:; 10 January 1573 – 5 January 1625) was a German
425:That he observed the location of Tycho Brahe's
212:, he was admitted to the Margrave's Academy in
820:Stargazer: The Life and Times of the Telescope
629:"Astronomie in NĂĽrnberg - Simon Marius (Mayr)"
260:from Capra's father) on the invention of the
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184:, but spent most of his life in the city of
945:Graney, Christopher M. (1 September 2008).
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631:. NĂĽrnberger Astronomische Gesellschaft e.V
515:Complete Dictionary of Scientific Biography
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320:in 1623, he accused Marius of plagiarism.
240:in December 1601 to study medicine at the
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851:, Interscience Publishers, 1989, pg. 231.
363:Io, Europa, Ganimedes puer, atque Calisto
890:Graney, Christopher M. (1 March 2010).
808:, New Series, volume 3, 1848 pp. 75–76.
562:MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive
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999:Marius, Simon (tr. by A.O. Prickard),
615:, Milano, Franco Angeli, 2005, p. 27.
1001:"The Mundus Jovialis of Simon Marius"
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481:, 77. Jahrgang, 1. Heft, Leipzig 1942
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655:Journal for the History of Astronomy
301:In 1614, Marius published his work
30:For the 18th-century composer, see
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355:) are those given them by Marius:
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777:PhD Thesis, James Cook University
388:greatly pleased lustful Jupiter.
365:lascivo nimium perplacuere Iovi.
55:Engraving of Marius in his book
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1072:17th-century German astronomers
401:Simon Marius also observed the
823:, Da Capo Press, 2005, pg. 86.
1:
525:– via encyclopedia.com.
27:German astronomer (1573–1625)
1031:– biography of Simon Marius.
1006:The Observatory (astronomy)
1098:
1082:University of Padua alumni
753:, p. 78 f. (with misprint
735:. 2nd series (in French).
727:Bosscha, Johannes (1907).
233:instead of Brahe himself.
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971:10.1007/s00016-007-0345-3
916:10.1007/s00016-009-0002-0
517:. Charles Scribner's Sons
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104:, Principality of Ansbach
85:, Principality of Ansbach
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1067:People from Gunzenhausen
675:10.1177/0021828615585493
593:Neue Deutsche Biographie
586:Folkerts, Menso (1990),
567:University of St Andrews
309:) describing the planet
219:University of Königsberg
59:(World of Jupiter), 1614
1035:Simon-Marius-Gymnasium
951:Physics in Perspective
896:Physics in Perspective
848:A History of Astronomy
588:"Marius (Mayr), Simon"
511:"Mayr (Marius), Simon"
509:Rosen, Edward (2008).
370:
256:(both of them learned
771:Hafez, Ihsan (2010).
553:Robertson, Edmund F.
293:Dispute with Galileo
262:proportional compass
1077:People from Ansbach
1029:The Galileo Project
963:2008PhP....10..258G
908:2010PhP....12....4G
785:2010PhDT.......295H
739:: 258–307, 490–528.
714:2015AAS...22521505P
667:2015JHA....46..218P
551:O'Connor, John J.;
242:University of Padua
845:Pannekoek, Anton,
403:Andromeda "nebula"
250:Kepler's Supernova
190:four largest moons
123:four largest moons
611:Clelia Pighetti,
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246:Baldassarre Capra
176:. He was born in
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1062:1625 deaths
1057:1573 births
902:(1): 4–24.
447:diffraction
407:Middle Ages
397:Discoveries
317:The Assayer
227:Tycho Brahe
125:of Jupiter,
121:Naming the
110:Nationality
1051:Categories
708:: 215.05.
635:11 January
493:References
451:Copernican
445:caused by
379:, the boy
305:(English:
214:Heilsbronn
204:Early life
198:plagiarism
174:astronomer
170:Simon Mayr
75:1573-01-10
69:Simon Mayr
32:Simon Mayr
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979:1422-6960
932:121602051
924:1422-6960
683:120470649
521:2 January
443:Airy disk
427:supernova
334:Gregorian
266:Christian
182:Nuremberg
166:latinized
150:Astronomy
127:studying
439:universe
385:Callisto
381:Ganymede
353:Callisto
349:Ganymede
282:Elements
168:form of
959:Bibcode
904:Bibcode
862:Science
790:23 June
781:Bibcode
710:Bibcode
663:Bibcode
311:Jupiter
258:fencing
194:Jupiter
186:Ansbach
180:, near
133:Jupiter
102:Ansbach
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345:Europa
277:Euclid
225:under
223:Prague
146:Fields
113:German
983:S2CID
928:S2CID
679:S2CID
238:Padua
975:ISSN
920:ISSN
792:2016
757:for
637:2020
523:2019
462:Work
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351:and
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91:Died
65:Born
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