376:
99:
392:. Londinium grew rapidly in the 50s but was destroyed in the Boudican revolt around AD 60. The town was rebuilt shortly afterwards and became the provincial capital, enjoying substantial public investment and spectacular economic growth until its height in the early 2nd century. An extensive fire, economic changes, and
29:
355:. Other notable work has been an English Heritage-funded programme of publication. General popular booklets and academic monographs are published in-house and have attracted consistently good reviews and several awards for private clients and developers. Major non-London projects have included the discovery of a
284:
Changes in the legislation surrounding archaeological work were taking place at the same time. Up until 1990, archaeological units throughout
England provided both curatorial advice and contractual services. This dual role was increasingly seen as carrying a potential conflict of interest, and after
387:
was much more complex than previously realised. London was established on a militarily-strategic and economically important location which is now the site of the City of London and North
Southwark. The settlement was formed shortly after AD 43 AD, probably around the year 47, and a permanent
424:
Excavation in the City of London in the 1970s and 1980s had failed to find virtually any evidence of occupation in the period from the 5th to the 10th century despite apparently unambiguous historical evidence of London's existence at least from AD 604 onwards. However, the
Department of
311:
In 2011, MOLA separated entirely from the Museum of London, becoming an independent charitable company. It became one of only a handful of non-academic institutions to hold IRO (Independent
Research Organisation) status in 2014. MOLA's operations continue to expand nationwide, with subsidiary
280:
The 1980s saw rapid development in the City of London, and an associated increase in archaeological work. The DUA and DGLA encouraged site developers to fund excavations prior to construction. As a result, both organisations grew rapidly, with each employing over 100 staff by the late 1980s.
404:. Later Roman London experienced urban renewal in many areas and remained an important centre, though it was no longer a large port or centre of trade. The town suffered a final decline in the late 4th century and was rapidly abandoned, with little evidence of occupation soon after the
1110:
330:
In 2022 MOLA acquired L - P : Archaeology, incorporating former L – P offices in
Stansted, Chester, and Bristol. In 2023 one of the founding partners of L - P : Archaeology Guy Hunt was appointed as the Chief Executive of MOLA.
272:
The
Department of Greater London Archaeology (DGLA) was formed from several local archaeological societies in the 1980s and led by Harvey Sheldon to address similar concerns in other historical areas of the capital, particularly in
1114:
691:. Thomas, Christopher, 1963 June 10-, Chopping, Andy., Wellman, Tracy., Museum of London. Archaeology Service. New Haven: Yale University Press in association with the Museum of London Archaeology Service. 2003.
645:. Thomas, Christopher, 1963 June 10-, Chopping, Andy., Wellman, Tracy., Museum of London. Archaeology Service. New Haven: Yale University Press in association with the Museum of London Archaeology Service. 2003.
162:
MOLA’s operations were historically focused within
Greater London but are increasingly nationwide. It employs over 300 staff across 4 locations: the central London headquarters, and further offices in
312:
offices established in
Birmingham in 2011, Northampton in 2014 (with the acquisition of Northamptonshire Archaeology to form a new company: MOLA Northampton), and Basingstoke in 2017.
861:
1340:
316:
182:
159:
and across the country. It is one of the largest archaeological service providers in the UK, and is the only one with IRO (Independent
Research Organisation) status.
265:
helped to secure government funding for a small number of staff to found the DUA. The team was led by Brian Hobley and revolutionised the detailed understanding of
408:. Work in recent years by MOLA has continued to add significant information, with recent research findings including extramural Roman settlement in Westminster at
919:
792:
308:
boroughs. Meanwhile, the DUA and DGLA merged in 1991 to form MoLAS (Museum of London
Archaeology Service) to provide services as an archaeological contractor.
177:
MOLA is a registered charity (since 2011) with its own academic research strategy and extensive community engagement and education programmes including the
449:
independently came up with the theory that London had been re-established not in the City but a couple of miles to the west, centred on the area called
967:
339:
Some of the larger and more important excavations have included the Roman amphitheatre at Guildhall Yard, a complex Roman and medieval sequence at
586:
457:. Lundenwic was subjected to increasing Viking attack in the 9th century and the population may have been forced to scatter. Around the year 886,
351:
in Southwark and Westminster, and the recovery of over 15,000 human skeletons during excavation of the Priory and Hospital of St Mary Spital in
152:
888:
Urban archaeology, municipal government and local planning : preserving heritage within the Commonwealth of Nations and the United States
761:
Urban archaeology, municipal government and local planning : preserving heritage within the Commonwealth of Nations and the United States
1330:
1088:
1000:
895:
768:
356:
806:
226:
with Headland Archaeology – MOLA Headland Infrastructure – to enable the delivery of archaeological and heritage services to large-scale
396:
saw growth stagnate in the mid-2nd century, though defensive walls were added around AD 200 during or after the contention between
304:
in the cases of the City of London and Southwark, and to Greater London Archaeology Advisory Service (GLAAS) in the case of the other
249:
movement, a response to the threat posed to unrecorded archaeological remains by increasing deep-basement office redevelopment in the
1350:
942:
743:
696:
650:
616:
1291:
465:
and the shelter of the Roman defensive walls, which still stood. The Late Saxon reoccupation of the Roman town site was known as
1345:
1335:
327:, working in areas of England's coastline documenting coastal and intertidal history before it is washed away by tidal forces.
49:
Department of Greater London Archaeology (DGLA), L - P : Archaeology, Museum of London Archaeology Service (MoLAS),
405:
383:
Excavations by the DUA and DGLA in the 1970s and 1980s revealed that the history of the Roman founding and development of
192:
1208:
1024:
720:
674:
178:
511:
253:. Prior to this, recording remains prior to destruction was carried out by individuals and volunteers, including
343:
near Bank Station, excavations within the Middle Saxon settlement at Covent Garden during the expansion of the
212:
196:
28:
375:
409:
148:
348:
188:
1263:
1111:"Coastal and Intertidal Zone Archaeological Network (CITiZAN) - Discover Thanet's Coast - Thanet Council"
617:"MOLA and Headland Archaeology form major new infrastructure consortium – MOLA Headland Infrastructure"
594:
191:
services offered include expertise and advice at all stages of development from pre-planning onwards:
200:
1136:
98:
286:
1233:
1063:
1018:
913:
786:
714:
668:
466:
290:
246:
814:
1006:
996:
948:
938:
901:
891:
774:
764:
739:
702:
692:
656:
646:
401:
344:
301:
199:, mitigation (urban, rural, infrastructure, and other schemes), standing building recording,
1268:
458:
413:
239:
1039:"Independent Research Organisation status for MOLA – Arts and Humanities Research Council"
487:"Independent Research Organisation status for MOLA – Arts and Humanities Research Council"
397:
393:
364:
890:. Baugher, Sherene, 1947-, Appler, Douglas R.,, Moss, William, 1952-. Cham, Switzerland.
763:. Baugher, Sherene, 1947-, Appler, Douglas R.,, Moss, William, 1952-. Cham, Switzerland.
1161:
1038:
486:
462:
305:
254:
250:
227:
208:
1324:
1186:
446:
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389:
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155:(CIfA), providing a wide range of professional archaeological services to clients in
430:
426:
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39:
Archaeology and built heritage practice and independent charitable organisation
905:
778:
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223:
171:
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1293:
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952:
706:
660:
454:
384:
274:
245:
The Department of Urban Archaeology (DUA) was formed in 1973 as part of the
204:
1273:
736:
Archaeology in British Towns: From the Emperor Claudius to the Black Death
587:"MOLA (Museum of London Archaeology) | The Institute for Archaeologists"
993:
Curating human remains : caring for the dead in the United Kingdom
836:
450:
216:
561:
294:
266:
156:
1283:
886:
Baugher, Sherene; Appler, Douglas R.; Moss, William (28 July 2017).
759:
Baugher, Sherene; Appler, Douglas R.; Moss, William (28 July 2017).
388:
river-crossing was established very near to the current position of
1089:"Maria Miller MP visits Basingstoke based archaeoligy charity MOLA"
1278:
374:
995:. Giesen, Myra J. Woodbridge, Suffolk, UK: Boydell Press. 2013.
968:"Greater London Archaeology Advisory Service | Historic England"
537:"CITiZAN – Coastal and Intertidal Zone Archaeological Network"
536:
293:
site in Southwark changes were made to the planning guidance (
689:
London's archaeological secrets : a world city revealed
643:
London's archaeological secrets : a world city revealed
16:
British archaeology heritage practice and charitable company
425:
Greater London Archaeology (DGLA) had discovered so-called
1258:
121:
300:
Responsibility for curatorial advice was transferred to
215:
and publication, graphics and photography, editing, and
238:
MOLA originated from a set of departments within the
1187:"Southend burial site 'UK's answer to Tutankhamun'"
935:
The Rose Theatre : an archaeological discovery
116:
106:
91:
81:
63:
55:
43:
35:
317:Coastal and Intertidal Zone Archaeological Network
937:. Museum of London. London: Museum of London.
70:Northampton, Basingstoke, Stansted, Bristol,
8:
453:. This Middle Saxon settlement was known as
195:and consultancy advice, impact assessments,
147:and built heritage practice and independent
21:
412:and a post-Boudican fortified enclosure at
1341:History of the built environment of London
918:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
791:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
323:, a community archaeology project, led by
97:
27:
20:
1269:Museum of London Archaeology publications
1274:Museum of London Archaeology on Facebook
257:. Public reaction to the publication of
47:Department of Urban Archaeology (DUA),
1064:"Archaeology: Council report says sell"
478:
1016:
911:
784:
712:
666:
379:Display of finds at the Lundenwic site
153:Chartered Institute for Archaeologists
95:17,694,524 pound sterling (2021)
1209:"Excavations at 41 Eastcheap, London"
1137:"L – P : Archaeology joins MOLA"
347:, excavations along the route of the
315:In 2015 MOLA became the host for the
7:
211:, finds and environmental services,
285:the controversial redevelopment of
222:Since 2017 MOLA has been part of a
22:MOLA (Museum of London Archaeology)
1279:Thames Discovery Programme website
461:moved the Londoners back into the
269:'s archaeology and early history.
14:
1234:"A Tale of Two Cities: Lundenwic"
807:"1973 – Brian Hobley Appointment"
738:. London: Routledge. p. 11.
242:but it is now entirely separate.
1:
516:beta.charitycommission.gov.uk
406:Roman withdrawal from Britain
1331:Archaeological organizations
621:MOLA Headland Infrastructure
319:, known by its abbreviation
141:Museum of London Archaeology
51:Northamptonshire Archaeology
1068:BBC News - Northamptonshire
259:The Future of London's Past
1367:
179:Thames Discovery Programme
87:Guy Hunt (Chief Executive)
1162:"Our new Chief Executive"
933:Julian., Bowsher (1998).
734:Ottaway, Patrick (2005).
26:
1351:Social history of London
1284:Museum of London website
277:and Inner North London.
1264:MOLA Heritage Risk Site
1259:http://www.mola.org.uk/
841:www.hobleysheroes.co.uk
811:www.hobleysheroes.co.uk
410:St Martin-in-the-Fields
261: by archaeologist
1346:Museum of London Group
1336:Archaeology of England
1023:: CS1 maint: others (
972:historicengland.org.uk
719:: CS1 maint: others (
673:: CS1 maint: others (
591:www.archaeologists.net
420:Discovery of Lundenwic
380:
349:Jubilee Line Extension
441:. In the mid 1980s,
429:farms in the area of
378:
357:Saxon princely burial
1307:51.53500°N 0.09020°W
862:"DUA Press Cuttings"
185:and the Time Truck.
151:registered with the
1303: /
966:England, Historic.
108:Number of employees
23:
1312:51.53500; -0.09020
1117:on 13 October 2018
623:. 19 December 2016
541:www.citizan.org.uk
381:
247:Rescue archaeology
149:charitable company
1189:. BBC. 9 May 2019
1002:978-1-78204-074-3
897:978-3-319-55490-7
866:photos.google.com
817:on 20 August 2018
770:978-3-319-55490-7
597:on 20 August 2018
512:"Charity Details"
402:Septimius Severus
345:Royal Opera House
302:local authorities
134:
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1133:
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1113:. Archived from
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813:. Archived from
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685:
679:
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602:
593:. Archived from
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547:
533:
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508:
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459:Alfred the Great
414:Plantation Place
240:Museum of London
130:
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1091:. 12 March 2018
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398:Clodius Albinus
373:
365:Southend-on-Sea
337:
236:
213:post-excavation
120:
112:450 (2023)
109:
96:
84:
77:
73:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1364:
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1257:MOLA web site
1253:
1252:External links
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306:Greater London
255:Andrew Westman
251:City of London
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228:infrastructure
209:geoarchaeology
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488:
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448:
447:Martin Biddle
444:
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435:Covent Garden
432:
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416:on Cornhill.
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390:London Bridge
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1288:
1237:. Retrieved
1228:
1216:. Retrieved
1203:
1191:. Retrieved
1181:
1169:. Retrieved
1165:
1156:
1144:. Retrieved
1140:
1131:
1119:. Retrieved
1115:the original
1105:
1093:. Retrieved
1083:
1071:. Retrieved
1067:
1058:
1046:. Retrieved
1042:
1033:
992:
987:
975:. Retrieved
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961:
934:
928:
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881:
869:. Retrieved
865:
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844:. Retrieved
840:
831:
819:. Retrieved
815:the original
810:
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760:
754:
735:
729:
688:
683:
642:
637:
625:. Retrieved
620:
611:
599:. Retrieved
595:the original
590:
581:
569:. Retrieved
565:
562:"Time Truck"
556:
544:. Retrieved
540:
531:
519:. Retrieved
515:
506:
494:. Retrieved
490:
481:
431:Fleet Street
423:
382:
371:Roman London
353:Spitalfields
341:No 1 Poultry
338:
329:
325:Gustav Milne
320:
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291:Rose Theatre
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64:Headquarters
48:
36:Company type
18:
1310: /
467:Lundenburgh
439:Westminster
361:Prittlewell
287:Shakespeare
168:Basingstoke
164:Northampton
145:archaeology
44:Predecessor
1325:Categories
1295:51°32′06″N
1121:13 October
906:1000054536
779:1000054536
473:References
443:Alan Vince
234:Background
230:projects.
224:consortium
197:excavation
193:management
189:Commercial
172:Birmingham
83:Key people
1298:0°05′25″W
1019:cite book
1011:830390432
977:16 August
914:cite book
787:cite book
715:cite book
669:cite book
571:16 August
546:16 August
455:Lundenwic
385:Londinium
275:Southwark
217:archiving
205:geomatics
201:surveying
1048:6 August
953:39375605
871:6 August
821:6 August
707:49739775
661:49739775
627:6 August
601:6 August
335:Findings
143:) is an
68:London,
1214:. LAMAS
1171:11 July
1146:11 July
837:"About"
451:Aldwych
321:CITiZAN
183:CITiZAN
117:Website
92:Revenue
72:Chester
56:Founded
1239:10 May
1218:10 May
1095:10 May
1073:10 May
1009:
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