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1807:, Brown's former saxophonist, playing on the downbeat was at first hard for him and took some getting used to. Reflecting back to his early days with Brown's band, Parker reported that he had difficulty in playing "on the one" during solo performances, since he was used to hearing and playing with the accent on the second beat.
338:
This idea of directionality of beats is significant when you translate its effect on music. The crusis of a measure or a phrase is a beginning; it propels sound and energy forward, so the sound needs to lift and have forward motion to create a sense of direction. The anacrusis leads to the crusis,
463:
in the melody and the likeliest place for a chord change, the third is the next strongest: these are "on" beats. The second and fourth are weaker—the "off-beats". Subdivisions (like eighth notes) that fall between the pulse beats are even weaker and these, if used frequently in a rhythm, can also
135:
Meter is the measurement of the number of pulses between more or less regularly recurring accents. Therefore, in order for meter to exist, some of the pulses in a series must be accented—marked for consciousness—relative to others. When pulses are thus counted within a metric context, they are
467:
The effect can be easily simulated by evenly and repeatedly counting to four. As a background against which to compare these various rhythms a bass drum strike on the downbeat and a constant eighth note subdivision on ride cymbal have been added, which would be counted as follows
806:
Slap bass executions on the backbeat are found in styles of country western music of the 1930s, and the late 1940s early 1950s music of Hank
Williams reflected a return to strong backbeat accentuation as part of the honky tonk style of country. In the mid-1940s
992:
groove emphasized the downbeat – that is, with heavy emphasis "on the one" (the first beat of every measure) – to etch his distinctive sound, rather than the back beat (familiar to many R&B musicians) which places the emphasis on the second
594:
that transferred to popular western music. According to Grove Music, the "Offbeat is where the downbeat is replaced by a rest or is tied over from the preceding bar". The downbeat can never be the off-beat because it is the strongest beat in
277:
into five equal parts), are irregular divisions and subdivisions. Subdivision begins two levels below the beat level: starting with a quarter note or a dotted quarter note, subdivision begins when the note is divided into sixteenth notes.
534:
494:
935:
Beat perception refers to the human ability to extract a periodic time structure from a piece of music. This ability is evident in the way people instinctively move their body in time to a musical beat, made possible by a form of
892:
Cross-rhythm. A rhythm in which the regular pattern of accents of the prevailing meter is contradicted by a conflicting pattern and not merely a momentary displacement that leaves the prevailing meter fundamentally unchallenged
1676:
Iversen, J. R. (2016). 21 In the beginning was the beat: evolutionary origins of musical rhythm in humans. In: Hartenberger, R. (Ed.). (2016). The
Cambridge companion to percussion. Cambridge University Press. p.
575:
307:
1666:
Patel, A. D., & Iversen, J. R. (2014). The evolutionary neuroscience of musical beat perception: the Action
Simulation for Auditory Prediction (ASAP) hypothesis. Frontiers in systems neuroscience, 8,
639:
417:
343:
An anticipatory note or succession of notes occurring before the first barline of a piece is sometimes referred to as an upbeat figure, section or phrase. Alternative expressions include "pickup" and "
1704:
Nettl, B. (2000). An ethnomusicologist contemplates universals in musical sound and musical culture. In: Wallin, N. L., Merker, B., & Brown, S. (Eds.). (2001). The origins of music. MIT press.
186:
As beats are combined to form measures, each beat is divided into parts. The nature of this combination and division is what determines meter. Music where two beats are combined is in
943:
called 'beat-based timing'. This involves identifying the beat of a piece of music and timing the frequency of movements to match it. Infants across cultures display a rhythmic
815:
were turning out boogie tunes with a hard driving back beat, such as the No. 2 hit "Freight Train Boogie" in 1946, as well as in other boogie songs they recorded. Similarly
330:
is the last beat in the previous bar which immediately precedes, and hence anticipates, the downbeat. Both terms correspond to the direction taken by the hand of a
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but it is not until between the ages of 2 years 6 months and 4 years 6 months that they are able to match their movements to the beat of an auditory stimulus.
2757:
2166:
1928:
1713:
Zentner, M., & Eerola, T. (2010). Rhythmic engagement with music in infancy. Proceedings of the
National Academy of Sciences, 107(13), 5768-5773.
1695:
Grahn, J. A. (2012). Neural mechanisms of rhythm perception: current findings and future perspectives. Topics in cognitive science, 4(4), 585-606.
194:. Music where the beat is split in two are in simple meter, music where the beat is split in three are called compound meter. Thus, simple duple (
1657:
Grahn, J. A., & Brett, M. (2007). Rhythm and beat perception in motor areas of the brain. Journal of cognitive neuroscience, 19(5), 893-906.
1063:
1040:
1686:
Iversen, J. R., & Balasubramaniam, R. (2016). Synchronization and temporal processing. Current
Opinion in Behavioral Sciences, 8, 175-180.
160:
faster than the beat level are division levels, and slower levels are multiple levels. Beat has always been an important part of music. Some
1556:
877:", employ a double backbeat pattern. In a double backbeat, one of the off beats is played as two eighth notes rather than one quarter note.
81:). The beat is often defined as the rhythm listeners would tap their toes to when listening to a piece of music, or the numbers a musician
1952:
289:
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1819:"Lessons in listening – Concepts section: Fantasy, Earth Wind & Fire, The Best of Earth Wind & Fire Volume I, Freddie White"
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696:"A big part of R&B's attraction had to do with the stompin' backbeats that make it so eminently danceable," according to the
927:, generally a measure. "Hypermeter is meter, with all its inherent characteristics, at the level where measures act as beats."
2159:
2103:
1921:
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popular music, there are early recordings of music with a distinctive backbeat, such as the 1949 recording of
Mangaratiba by
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while performing, though in practice this may be technically incorrect (often the first multiple level). In popular use,
1522:
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590:, that emphasizes the weak even beats of a bar, as opposed to the usual on-beat. This is a fundamental technique of
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refers to a subdivision of a beat which represents the "time division that most highly coincides with note onsets".
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And His
Orchestra, recorded in late 1939. Other early recorded examples include the final verse of "Grand Slam" by
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style where a strong accent is sounded on the second, third and fourth beats of the bar, following the downbeat.
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time. Certain genres tend to emphasize the off-beat, where this is a defining characteristic of rock'n'roll and
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The Big Beat: Origins and
Development of Snare Backbeat and other Accompanimental Rhythms in Rock'n'Roll
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1780:-four. 'I changed from the upbeat to the downbeat,' Mr. Brown said in 1990. 'Simple as that, really.
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in 1949, which he played on, saying he adopted it from the final "shout" or "out" chorus common in
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Hypermeter: 4 beat measure, 4 measure hypermeasure, and 4 hypermeasure verses. Hyperbeats in red.
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But one may syncopate that pattern and alternately stress the odd and even beats, respectively:
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Metric levels: beat level shown in middle with division levels above and multiple levels below.
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reflects the complete de-emphasis (to the point of silence) of the first beat in the cycle.
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but doesn't have the same 'explosion' of sound; it serves as a preparation for the crusis.
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translates literally as "pushing up". The term anacrusis was borrowed from the field of
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around the same time have a sustained snare-drum backbeat on the hottest choruses.
274:
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62:
1587:
Neal, Jocelyn (2000). Neal, Jocelyn; Wolfe, Charles K.; Akenson, James E. (eds.).
744:, recorded in 1938. A distinctive back beat can be heard on "Back Beat Boogie" by
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Beats are related to and distinguished from pulse, rhythm (grouping), and meter:
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Songwriter's
Signature, Artist's Imprint: The Metric Structure of a Country Song
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1803:. WHYY-FM/National Public Radio. Retrieved January 22, 2007. According to
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often delayed one of the backbeats so as "to give a 'kick' to the beat".
17:
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1977:
1067:, p. 213. With, Gary (ed.). Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey: Prentice–Hall.
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Delayed backbeat (last eighth note in each measure) as in funk music
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459:", the first beat of the bar (downbeat) is usually the strongest
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was stressing the back beat much earlier with hand-clapping and
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700:. An early record with an emphasised back beat throughout was "
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367:, in which it refers to one or more unstressed extrametrical
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Rhythm in music is characterized by a repeating sequence of
1061:
Winold, Allen (1975). "Rhythm in
Twentieth-Century Music",
168:
will in general de-emphasize the beat, while other such as
1764:,' he decided to shift the beat of his band: from the one-
1498:
Riding the Rails to Stardom - The Maddox Brothers and Rose
1549:
Are We Not New Wave?: Modern Pop at the Turn of the 1980s
790:
Audio playback is not supported in your browser. You can
389:
Audio playback is not supported in your browser. You can
1323:(0039–2049); 10/01/2006, Vol. 117 Issue 1398, pp. 72–75.
1593:. Lexington, KY: University Press of Kentucky. p.
571:— the stress is on the "unexpected" or syncopated beat
1084:
Cooper, Grosvenor and Meyer, Leonard B. Meyer (1960).
838:
is typically used to play the backbeat pattern. Early
823:
style, helped drive a rhythm that came to be known as
89:
can refer to a variety of related concepts, including
1574:(1986: 216). Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
586:
So "off-beat" is a musical term, commonly applied to
116:(often called "strong" and "weak") and divided into
2681:
2555:
2522:
2402:
2285:
2182:
1182:Cleland, Kent D. and Dobrea-Grindahl, Mary (2013).
425:. Often referred to as "upbeats", in parallel with
400:
Off-beat or backbeat pattern, popular on snare drum
1742:"James Brown, the 'Godfather of Soul', Dies at 73"
1357:
1285:
1254:
1152:
1551:. University of Michigan Press. pp. 140–41.
457:1 2 3 4, 1 2 3 4...
1334:Beginning Mandolin: The Complete Mandolin Method
1256:"Beat: Accentuation. (i) Strong and weak beats"
831:. Maddox had used this style as early as 1937.
624:"Backbeat" redirects here. For other uses, see
336:
133:
2160:
1922:
1146:
1144:
190:, music where three beats are combined is in
8:
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1454:
1185:Developing Musicianship Through Aural Skills
678:accentuation on the "off" beat. In a simple
27:Basic unit of time in music and music theory
1795:"Maceo Parker: The Hardest Working Sideman"
1723:Jehan, Tristan (2005). "3.4.3 Tatum grid".
654:"It's got a backbeat, you can't lose it" –
2722:
2167:
2153:
2145:
1929:
1915:
1907:
1204:
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756:'s "(I've Got A Gal In) Kalamazoo", while
732:. There is a hand-clapping back beat on "
113:
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48:
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172:emphasize the beat to accompany dance.
1620:
1610:
1249:
1247:
1088:, p.3-4. University of Chicago Press.
299: 736, with upbeat (anacrusis) in
1420:The Ultimate Jazz Archive - Set 17/42
496:play eighth notes and bass drum alone
182:Metre (music) § Metric structure
7:
1890:Musical Form and Musical Performance
1853:La seule vraie théorie de la musique
347:" (the latter ultimately from Greek
269:). Divisions which require numbers,
73:(regularly repeating event), of the
1877:L'anacrouse dans la musique moderne
1486:(Ph.D.). ???. pp. 342–43.
530:— the stress here on the "on" beat
1064:Aspects of Twentieth-Century Music
25:
2758:Percussion performance techniques
1637:Also: Rothstein, William (1990).
1370:from the original on May 16, 2008
1298:from the original on May 16, 2008
1267:from the original on May 16, 2008
1165:from the original on May 16, 2008
1114:Rajakumar, Mohanalakshmi (2012).
758:amateur direct-to-disc recordings
752:in 1942 and some sections of The
2732:
2731:
2721:
1525:from the original on 3 July 2011
1447:from the original on 2021-12-21.
1004:
693:rhythm these are beats 2 and 4.
1866:Musikalische Dynamik und Agogik
1817:Anisman, Steve (January 1998).
1572:New Harvard Dictionary of Music
1086:The Rhythmic Structure of Music
899:New Harvard Dictionary of Music
69:is the basic unit of time, the
819:'s characteristic backbeat, a
1:
1641:, pp. 12–13. Macmillan.
1482:Tamlyn, Gary Neville (1998).
1041:Structural Functions in Music
834:In today's popular music the
114:stressed and unstressed beats
1639:Phrase Rhythm in Tonal Music
1515:"The Maddox Bros & Rose"
1437:"Mangaratiba - Luiz Gonzaga"
1366:. Grove Music Online. 2007.
1294:. Grove Music Online. 2007.
1263:. Grove Music Online. 2007.
1231:Jerry Snyder's Guitar School
1038:Berry, Wallace (1976/1986).
827:, one of the early forms of
787:
386:
371:at the beginning of a line.
2532:History of music publishing
1740:Pareles, Jon (2006-12-25).
1726:Creating Music By Listening
2784:
1892:. New York: W. W. Norton.
1762:Papa's Got a Brand New Bag
1504:. Accessed August 6, 2014.
1426:. Accessed August 6, 2014.
1390:Encyclopedia of Percussion
1188:, unpaginated. Routledge.
884:
708:in 1948. Although drummer
698:Encyclopedia of Percussion
623:
472:denotes a stressed beat):
179:
29:
2737:Category:Musical notation
2717:
2603:Numbered musical notation
2394:Scientific pitch notation
1948:
1849:de Momigny, JĂ©rĂ´me-Joseph
726:urban contemporary gospel
626:Backbeat (disambiguation)
433:In typical Western music
322:is the first beat of the
273:(for example, dividing a
2384:Helmholtz pitch notation
2059:Non-retrogradable rhythm
1460:Mattingly, Rick (2006).
1208:Schroedl, Scott (2001).
875:Hanging on the Telephone
855:I Want to Hold Your Hand
254:), and compound triple (
224:, etc.), simple triple (
2727:List of musical symbols
2598:Nashville Number System
1823:Modern Drummer Magazine
1519:Rockabilly Hall of Fame
1464:, p. 104. Hal Leonard.
1151:Dogantan, Mine (2007).
1120:. ABC-CLIO. p. 5.
792:download the audio file
712:claimed the honor for "
391:download the audio file
2277:Transposing instrument
1874:Lussy, Mathis (1903).
1547:Cateforis, C. (2011).
1388:Beck, John H. (2013).
1315:"Introduction to the '
1229:Snyder, Jerry (1999).
1212:, p. 11. Hal Leonard.
1210:Play Drums Today Dude!
1161:. Grove Music Online.
916:
904:
754:Glenn Miller Orchestra
663:
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430:
341:
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155:
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1953:Additive and divisive
1869:. Hamburg: D. Rahter.
1392:, p. 323. Routledge.
914:
890:
653:
634:
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326:, i.e. number 1. The
291:
52:
44:beat (disambiguation)
2079:Prolation and tempus
1409:Beck (2013), p. 324.
1332:Horne, Greg (2004).
845:Some songs, such as
702:Good Rockin' Tonight
464:make it "off-beat".
377:On-beat and off-beat
30:For other uses, see
2623:Percussion notation
1364:Oxford Music Online
1292:Oxford Music Online
1261:Oxford Music Online
1159:Oxford Music Online
660:Rock and Roll Music
284:Downbeat and upbeat
239:), compound duple (
1825:. pp. 146–152
1793:Gross, T. (1989).
1758:The New York Times
1746:The New York Times
1319:'", Anger, Darol.
917:
766:Minton's Playhouse
664:
648:
592:African polyrhythm
431:
316:
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2745:
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2689:Mensural notation
2142:
2141:
2054:Metric modulation
1558:978-0-472-03470-3
1336:, p. 61. Alfred.
1020:Mensural notation
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762:Charlie Christian
395:
16:(Redirected from
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2768:Rhythm and meter
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2588:Graphic notation
2252:Rehearsal letter
2176:Musical notation
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1462:All About Drums
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1181:
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1108:
1083:
1079:
1060:
1056:
1037:
1033:
1028:
1010:
1005:
1003:
1000:
953:
941:synchronization
933:
931:Beat perception
923:is one unit of
909:
889:
883:
804:
803:
802:
799:
798:
797:
795:
688:
683:
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476:
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436:
435:
418:
416:
415:
414:
413:" guitar rhythm
403:
402:
401:
398:
397:
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379:
359:). In English,
355:through French
308:
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184:
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136:referred to as
47:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2781:
2779:
2771:
2770:
2765:
2760:
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2706:
2701:
2696:
2691:
2685:
2683:
2679:
2678:
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2675:
2670:
2665:
2660:
2655:
2650:
2645:
2640:
2635:
2630:
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2615:
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2605:
2600:
2595:
2590:
2585:
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2565:
2559:
2557:
2553:
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2550:
2549:
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2528:
2526:
2520:
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2511:
2506:
2501:
2496:
2491:
2486:
2485:
2484:
2479:
2474:
2469:
2464:
2459:
2449:
2444:
2439:
2434:
2429:
2424:
2419:
2414:
2408:
2406:
2400:
2399:
2397:
2396:
2391:
2386:
2381:
2376:
2371:
2366:
2361:
2356:
2351:
2350:
2349:
2344:
2339:
2329:
2324:
2319:
2314:
2313:
2312:
2307:
2302:
2291:
2289:
2283:
2282:
2280:
2279:
2274:
2269:
2267:Time signature
2264:
2259:
2254:
2249:
2244:
2239:
2234:
2229:
2224:
2219:
2214:
2209:
2204:
2199:
2194:
2188:
2186:
2180:
2179:
2174:
2172:
2171:
2164:
2157:
2149:
2140:
2139:
2137:
2136:
2131:
2129:Time signature
2126:
2121:
2116:
2111:
2106:
2101:
2096:
2091:
2086:
2081:
2076:
2071:
2066:
2064:Notes inégales
2061:
2056:
2051:
2046:
2041:
2036:
2031:
2026:
2021:
2016:
2009:
2008:
2007:
1997:
1992:
1991:
1990:
1980:
1975:
1970:
1965:
1960:
1955:
1949:
1946:
1945:
1936:
1934:
1933:
1926:
1919:
1911:
1905:
1904:
1898:
1882:
1871:
1857:
1843:
1840:
1837:
1836:
1809:
1786:
1732:
1715:
1706:
1697:
1688:
1679:
1669:
1659:
1650:
1647:978-0028721910
1630:
1603:
1576:
1564:
1557:
1536:
1506:
1489:
1474:
1450:
1428:
1411:
1402:
1381:
1346:
1325:
1308:
1277:
1243:
1222:
1198:
1175:
1140:
1126:
1106:
1077:
1054:
1030:
1029:
1027:
1024:
1023:
1022:
1016:
1015:
999:
996:
995:
994:
983:
972:
962:
952:
949:
945:motor response
932:
929:
908:
905:
903:
902:
885:Main article:
882:
879:
800:
789:
786:
784:
783:
782:
781:
742:Big Joe Turner
706:Wynonie Harris
684:
621:
618:
601:
584:
583:
543:
502:
440:
399:
388:
385:
383:
382:
381:
380:
378:
375:
285:
282:
260:
245:
230:
215:
200:
180:Main article:
177:
174:
142:
122:time signature
75:mensural level
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2780:
2769:
2766:
2764:
2763:Popular music
2761:
2759:
2756:
2755:
2753:
2738:
2730:
2728:
2720:
2719:
2716:
2710:
2709:Transcription
2707:
2705:
2704:Sight-reading
2702:
2700:
2699:Perfect pitch
2697:
2695:
2692:
2690:
2687:
2686:
2684:
2680:
2674:
2671:
2669:
2666:
2664:
2661:
2659:
2656:
2654:
2651:
2649:
2646:
2644:
2641:
2639:
2636:
2634:
2633:Ancient Greek
2631:
2629:
2626:
2624:
2621:
2619:
2616:
2614:
2611:
2609:
2606:
2604:
2601:
2599:
2596:
2594:
2591:
2589:
2586:
2584:
2581:
2579:
2576:
2574:
2573:Chord diagram
2571:
2569:
2566:
2564:
2563:Braille music
2561:
2560:
2558:
2556:Other systems
2554:
2548:
2545:
2543:
2540:
2538:
2535:
2533:
2530:
2529:
2527:
2525:
2521:
2515:
2512:
2510:
2507:
2505:
2502:
2500:
2497:
2495:
2492:
2490:
2487:
2483:
2480:
2478:
2475:
2473:
2470:
2468:
2465:
2463:
2460:
2458:
2455:
2454:
2453:
2450:
2448:
2445:
2443:
2440:
2438:
2435:
2433:
2430:
2428:
2425:
2423:
2420:
2418:
2415:
2413:
2410:
2409:
2407:
2405:
2401:
2395:
2392:
2390:
2387:
2385:
2382:
2380:
2377:
2375:
2372:
2370:
2367:
2365:
2362:
2360:
2357:
2355:
2352:
2348:
2345:
2343:
2340:
2338:
2335:
2334:
2333:
2330:
2328:
2325:
2323:
2320:
2318:
2315:
2311:
2308:
2306:
2303:
2301:
2298:
2297:
2296:
2293:
2292:
2290:
2288:
2287:Musical notes
2284:
2278:
2275:
2273:
2272:Transposition
2270:
2268:
2265:
2263:
2260:
2258:
2255:
2253:
2250:
2248:
2245:
2243:
2240:
2238:
2235:
2233:
2230:
2228:
2227:Key signature
2225:
2223:
2220:
2218:
2215:
2213:
2210:
2208:
2205:
2203:
2200:
2198:
2195:
2193:
2190:
2189:
2187:
2185:
2181:
2177:
2170:
2165:
2163:
2158:
2156:
2151:
2150:
2147:
2135:
2132:
2130:
2127:
2125:
2122:
2120:
2117:
2115:
2112:
2110:
2107:
2105:
2102:
2100:
2097:
2095:
2094:Rhythmic mode
2092:
2090:
2087:
2085:
2082:
2080:
2077:
2075:
2072:
2070:
2067:
2065:
2062:
2060:
2057:
2055:
2052:
2050:
2047:
2045:
2042:
2040:
2037:
2035:
2032:
2030:
2027:
2025:
2022:
2020:
2017:
2015:
2014:
2010:
2006:
2003:
2002:
2001:
1998:
1996:
1993:
1989:
1986:
1985:
1984:
1981:
1979:
1976:
1974:
1973:Canter rhythm
1971:
1969:
1966:
1964:
1961:
1959:
1956:
1954:
1951:
1950:
1947:
1943:
1939:
1932:
1927:
1925:
1920:
1918:
1913:
1912:
1909:
1901:
1899:0-393-09767-6
1895:
1891:
1887:
1883:
1879:
1878:
1872:
1868:
1867:
1862:
1861:Riemann, Hugo
1858:
1854:
1850:
1846:
1845:
1841:
1824:
1820:
1813:
1810:
1806:
1802:
1801:
1796:
1790:
1787:
1779:
1775:
1771:
1767:
1763:
1759:
1756:According to
1747:
1743:
1736:
1733:
1729:(Ph.D.). MIT.
1728:
1727:
1719:
1716:
1710:
1707:
1701:
1698:
1692:
1689:
1683:
1680:
1673:
1670:
1663:
1660:
1654:
1651:
1648:
1644:
1640:
1634:
1631:
1626:
1614:
1606:
1604:0-8131-0989-2
1600:
1596:
1592:
1591:
1583:
1581:
1577:
1573:
1568:
1565:
1560:
1554:
1550:
1543:
1541:
1537:
1524:
1520:
1516:
1510:
1507:
1503:
1499:
1493:
1490:
1485:
1478:
1475:
1471:
1470:1-4234-0818-7
1467:
1463:
1457:
1455:
1451:
1446:
1442:
1438:
1432:
1429:
1425:
1421:
1415:
1412:
1406:
1403:
1399:
1398:9781317747680
1395:
1391:
1385:
1382:
1369:
1365:
1360:
1353:
1351:
1347:
1343:
1342:9780739034712
1339:
1335:
1329:
1326:
1322:
1318:
1312:
1309:
1297:
1293:
1288:
1281:
1278:
1266:
1262:
1257:
1250:
1248:
1244:
1240:
1239:0-7390-0260-0
1236:
1232:
1226:
1223:
1219:
1218:0-634-02185-0
1215:
1211:
1205:
1203:
1199:
1195:
1194:9781135173050
1191:
1187:
1186:
1179:
1176:
1164:
1160:
1155:
1147:
1145:
1141:
1129:
1127:9780313378461
1123:
1119:
1118:
1117:Hip Hop Dance
1110:
1107:
1103:
1102:0-226-11522-4
1099:
1095:
1094:0-226-11521-6
1091:
1087:
1081:
1078:
1074:
1073:0-13-049346-5
1070:
1066:
1065:
1058:
1055:
1051:
1050:0-486-25384-8
1047:
1043:
1042:
1035:
1032:
1025:
1021:
1018:
1017:
1013:
1002:
997:
991:
988:'s signature
987:
984:
981:
977:
973:
970:
966:
963:
960:
959:
955:
954:
950:
948:
946:
942:
939:
930:
928:
926:
922:
913:
906:
900:
896:
895:
894:
888:
880:
878:
876:
872:
868:
864:
860:
856:
852:
848:
843:
841:
837:
832:
830:
829:rock and roll
826:
822:
821:slapping bass
818:
814:
810:
793:
780:
778:
774:
769:
767:
763:
759:
755:
751:
750:Benny Goodman
747:
743:
739:
735:
734:Roll 'Em Pete
731:
727:
723:
719:
715:
711:
707:
703:
699:
694:
687:
677:
673:
669:
661:
657:
652:
643:
633:
627:
619:
617:
615:
613:
604:
593:
589:
579:
569:
568:
563:
562:
557:
556:
551:
550:
544:
538:
527:
526:
521:
520:
515:
514:
509:
508:
503:
498:
487:
486:
481:
480:
475:
474:
473:
471:
465:
462:
454:
450:
443:
428:
421:
412:
407:
392:
376:
374:
372:
370:
366:
362:
358:
354:
350:
346:
340:
335:
333:
329:
325:
321:
311:
298:
295:
292:Beginning of
290:
283:
281:
279:
276:
272:
263:
248:
233:
218:
203:
193:
189:
183:
175:
173:
171:
167:
163:
159:
158:Metric levels
151:
147:
141:
139:
132:
129:
128:indications.
127:
123:
120:organized by
119:
115:
110:
108:
104:
100:
96:
92:
88:
84:
80:
76:
72:
68:
64:
60:
51:
45:
41:
37:
33:
19:
2608:Klavarskribo
2583:Figured bass
2457:Appoggiatura
2404:Articulation
2202:Abbreviation
2011:
1967:
1889:
1876:
1865:
1852:
1827:. Retrieved
1822:
1812:
1805:Maceo Parker
1798:
1789:
1777:
1773:
1772:backbeat to
1769:
1765:
1757:
1749:. Retrieved
1745:
1735:
1725:
1718:
1709:
1700:
1691:
1682:
1672:
1662:
1653:
1638:
1633:
1589:
1571:
1567:
1548:
1527:. Retrieved
1518:
1509:
1501:
1492:
1483:
1477:
1461:
1440:
1431:
1423:
1414:
1405:
1389:
1384:
1374:February 10,
1372:. Retrieved
1363:
1333:
1328:
1320:
1311:
1300:. Retrieved
1291:
1280:
1269:. Retrieved
1260:
1230:
1225:
1209:
1183:
1178:
1167:. Retrieved
1158:
1131:. Retrieved
1116:
1109:
1085:
1080:
1062:
1057:
1039:
1034:
1012:Music portal
967:refers to a
964:
956:
938:sensorimotor
934:
920:
918:
901:(1986: 216).
898:
891:
869:'s cover of
844:
833:
805:
777:Luiz Gonzaga
770:
738:Pete Johnson
697:
695:
685:
671:
667:
665:
616:
602:
585:
566:
565:
560:
559:
554:
553:
548:
547:
524:
523:
518:
517:
512:
511:
506:
505:
484:
483:
478:
477:
469:
466:
441:
432:
373:
360:
356:
352:
348:
342:
337:
327:
319:
317:
280:
275:quarter note
261:
246:
231:
216:
201:
192:triple meter
185:
162:music genres
156:
137:
134:
130:
111:
86:
78:
74:
66:
63:music theory
56:
2694:Music stand
2568:Chord chart
2547:Scorewriter
2524:Sheet music
2322:Dotted note
2257:Repeat sign
2232:Ledger line
2109:Syncopation
1829:January 21,
1621:|work=
1424:Discogs.com
1133:22 November
986:James Brown
847:The Beatles
817:Fred Maddox
779:in Brazil.
764:jamming at
746:Harry James
730:tambourines
718:Fats Domino
714:The Fat Man
710:Earl Palmer
656:Chuck Berry
588:syncopation
188:duple meter
101:, specific
2752:Categories
2668:Shakuhachi
2643:Ekphonetic
2628:Simplified
2593:Lead sheet
2467:Grace note
2332:Note value
2327:Grace note
2295:Accidental
2124:Time point
2074:Polyrhythm
2069:Note value
2039:Homorhythm
2005:Note value
1995:Cross-beat
1751:2007-01-10
1359:"Backbeat"
1302:2007-02-10
1287:"Off-beat"
1271:2007-02-10
1169:2007-02-10
1044:, p. 349.
1026:References
969:percussion
925:hypermeter
887:Cross-beat
881:Cross-beat
871:The Nerves
840:funk music
836:snare drum
825:rockabilly
676:syncopated
635:Back beat
361:anákrousis
79:beat level
32:beat music
18:Music beat
2663:Swaralipi
2653:Kunkunshi
2613:Tablature
2578:Eye music
2462:Glissando
2437:Fingering
2222:Dal segno
2099:Stop-time
2049:Isorhythm
2024:Half-time
1988:Count off
1958:Anacrusis
1800:Fresh Air
1623:ignored (
1613:cite book
1233:, p. 28.
965:Afterbeat
921:hyperbeat
907:Hyperbeat
859:The Knack
809:hillbilly
722:Dixieland
668:back beat
427:upstrokes
369:syllables
357:anacrouse
345:anacrusis
332:conductor
40:drum beat
2673:Znamenny
2514:Tonguing
2499:Staccato
2452:Ornament
2427:Dynamics
2379:Interval
2342:Notehead
2317:Cue note
2000:Duration
1983:Counting
1978:Colotomy
1888:(1968).
1863:(1884).
1855:. Paris.
1851:(1821).
1677:281–295.
1529:June 29,
1523:Archived
1502:NPR News
1445:Archived
1368:Archived
1296:Archived
1265:Archived
1163:Archived
1154:"Upbeat"
998:See also
980:one drop
771:Outside
672:backbeat
620:Backbeat
320:downbeat
176:Division
164:such as
143:—
2682:Related
2648:Gamelan
2638:Chinese
2618:Parsons
2489:Portato
2472:Mordent
2447:Marcato
2432:Fermata
2422:Damping
2417:Caesura
2374:Tremolo
2305:natural
2217:Da capo
2084:Prosody
2034:Hemiola
1768:-three-
1441:YouTube
867:Blondie
853:" and "
674:, is a
614:music.
453:counted
353:krousis
271:tuplets
103:rhythms
2504:Tenuto
2442:Legato
2412:Accent
2369:Tuplet
2134:Tuplet
2019:Groove
1938:Rhythm
1896:
1645:
1601:
1555:
1468:
1396:
1340:
1237:
1216:
1192:
1124:
1100:
1092:
1071:
1048:
976:reggae
865:" and
724:jazz,
482:2 3 4
461:accent
365:poetry
328:upbeat
294:Bach's
152:(1960)
150:Cooper
107:groove
105:, and
83:counts
65:, the
42:, and
2658:Neume
2482:Trill
2477:Slide
2364:Tacet
2354:Pitch
2310:sharp
2262:Tempo
2247:Scale
2242:Ossia
2184:Staff
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