34:
25:
197:
188:
179:
206:
215:
158:
In 1977, Reig noted that eleven distinct nomenclatures had been proposed for the features of "cricetid" (generalized muroid) molars, by Schaub, Viret, Winge, Wood and Wilson, Hershkovitz, James, Vandebroek, Fahlbusch, Alker, Vorontzov, and Mein and
Freudenthal. He concluded that none of these were
139:
of Asia, one of the earliest known muroids, do have a P4. Some have suggested that the first molar in muroids is in fact a retained deciduous premolar, but this hypothesis has been discredited. Several species have lost the M3 and/or m3, and four species of the New Guinea
229:. From left to right: Left upper molar row of an older animal, left upper molar row of a younger animal, right upper molar row of the same young animal with the M3 not yet erupted, left lower molar row of the older animal, left lower molar row of the younger animal.
355:
Carleton, M.D. and Musser, G.G. 1984. Muroid rodents. Pp. 289–379 in
Anderson. S. and Jones, J.K., Jr. (eds.). Orders and families of Recent mammals of the world. John Wiley and Sons, New York, 686 pp.
235:
Muroids are often considered adult when the third molar has erupted. After the molars erupt, wear progressively obliterates the distinct features of the molar crown.
367:
69:, and some living species have lost the third and even the second molars. Features of the molar crown are often used in muroid
159:
satisfactory and proceeded to propose another, "unifying" nomenclature. Additional nomenclatures have been proposed for the
380:
129:(the fourth upper premolar, P4) in the upper jaw only. In contrast, all muroids lack the P4, but some species of
395:
452:
447:
414:
A proposed unified nomenclature for the enamelled components of the molar teeth of the
Cricetidae (Rodentia)
358:
Carleton, M.D. and Musser, G.G. 2005. Order
Rodentia. Pp. 745–752 in Wilson, D.E. and Reeder, D.M. (eds.).
225:
61:, which includes mice, rats, voles, hamsters, bamboo rats, and many other species, generally have three
44:
33:
24:
205:
196:
187:
178:
131:
125:
in the upper and lower jaws, three molars in the upper and lower jaw, and in most species a small
70:
363:
413:
373:
146:
98:
396:
Biodiversity and biogeography of the moss-mice of New Guinea: a taxonomic revision of
214:
441:
94:
62:
427:
391:(subscription required). Bulletin of Carnegie Museum of Natural History 39:141–150.
65:
in each quadrant of the jaws. A few of the oldest species retain the fourth upper
90:
374:
The families and genera of living rodents. Volume I. Rodents other than
Muridae
82:
360:
Mammal
Species of the World: a taxonomic and geographic reference. 3rd ed.
107:
104:
376:. London: Printed by order of the Trustees of the British Museum, 689 pp.
167:
150:
have also lost the M2 and m2, so that they only have four minute molars.
126:
66:
58:
73:, and many different systems have been proposed to name these features.
160:
141:
122:
136:
86:
54:
421:
An introduction to the neotropical muroid rodent genus
Zygodontomys
420:
409:. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 174:327-598.
406:
402:. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 331:230–313.
362:
Baltimore: The Johns
Hopkins University Press, 2 vols., 2142 pp.
426:
Zijlstra, J.S., Hoek
Ostende, L.W. van den and Due, R.A. 2008.
423:. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 210:1–113.
359:
416:(subscription only). Journal of Zoology, London 181:227–241.
343:
Voss, 1991, p. 16; Zijlstra et al., 2008, p. 29
334:
Voss, 1991, p. 16; Musser et al., 1998, p. 17
48:, showing commonly used nomenclature for the molars.
381:The middle Eocene North American myomorph rodent
85:, a smaller group of rodents that includes the
407:Malaysian murids and the giant rat of Sumatra
8:
42:Upper (left) and lower (right) molar row of
81:Muroids are most closely related to the
267:
265:
243:
271:Carleton and Musser, 1984, p. 292
250:Carleton and Musser, 2005, p. 749
434:Contributions to Zoology 77(1):25–31.
325:Musser and Newcomb, 1983, p. 332
7:
394:Helgen, K.M. and Helgen, L.E. 2009.
298:Helgen and Helgen, 2009, p. 240
405:Musser, G.G. and Newcomb, C. 1983.
14:
428:Verhoeven's giant rat of Flores (
213:
204:
195:
186:
177:
32:
23:
163:and for other, smaller groups.
1:
432:, Muridae) extinct after all?
389:, and other Eocene myomorphs
430:Papagomys theodorverhoeveni
259:Ellerman, 1940, p. 561
469:
223:Ontogeny of the molars in
16:Type of tooth in rodents
316:Reig, 1977, p. 235
307:Reig, 1977, p. 232
289:Reig, 1977, p. 228
280:Emry, 2007, p. 147
372:Ellerman, J.R. 1940.
226:Megalomys desmarestii
45:Megalomys desmarestii
385:, her Asian sister
57:of the superfamily
400:(Muridae: Murinae)
419:Voss, R.S. 1991.
412:Reig, O.A. 1977.
379:Emry, R.J. 2007.
368:978-0-8018-8221-0
97:. Jerboas have a
460:
350:Literature cited
344:
341:
335:
332:
326:
323:
317:
314:
308:
305:
299:
296:
290:
287:
281:
278:
272:
269:
260:
257:
251:
248:
217:
208:
199:
190:
181:
120:
118:
117:
115:
111:
106:
36:
27:
468:
467:
463:
462:
461:
459:
458:
457:
438:
437:
352:
347:
342:
338:
333:
329:
324:
320:
315:
311:
306:
302:
297:
293:
288:
284:
279:
275:
270:
263:
258:
254:
249:
245:
241:
233:
232:
231:
230:
220:
219:
218:
210:
209:
201:
200:
192:
191:
183:
182:
171:
156:
132:Pappocricetodon
113:
109:
103:
102:
79:
52:
51:
50:
49:
39:
38:
37:
29:
28:
17:
12:
11:
5:
466:
464:
456:
455:
453:Rodent anatomy
450:
448:Muroid rodents
440:
439:
436:
435:
424:
417:
410:
403:
398:Pseudohydromys
392:
377:
370:
356:
351:
348:
346:
345:
336:
327:
318:
309:
300:
291:
282:
273:
261:
252:
242:
240:
237:
222:
221:
212:
211:
203:
202:
194:
193:
185:
184:
176:
175:
174:
173:
172:
170:
165:
155:
152:
147:Pseudohydromys
99:dental formula
78:
75:
41:
40:
31:
30:
22:
21:
20:
19:
18:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
465:
454:
451:
449:
446:
445:
443:
433:
431:
425:
422:
418:
415:
411:
408:
404:
401:
399:
393:
390:
388:
384:
378:
375:
371:
369:
365:
361:
357:
354:
353:
349:
340:
337:
331:
328:
322:
319:
313:
310:
304:
301:
295:
292:
286:
283:
277:
274:
268:
266:
262:
256:
253:
247:
244:
238:
236:
228:
227:
216:
207:
198:
189:
180:
169:
166:
164:
162:
153:
151:
149:
148:
143:
138:
134:
133:
128:
124:
100:
96:
92:
88:
84:
76:
74:
72:
68:
64:
60:
56:
47:
46:
35:
26:
429:
397:
386:
382:
339:
330:
321:
312:
303:
294:
285:
276:
255:
246:
234:
224:
157:
154:Nomenclature
145:
130:
121:, including
95:jumping mice
80:
53:
43:
119:× 2 = 16–18
77:Description
442:Categories
387:Aksyiromys
239:References
91:birch mice
135:from the
105:1.0.0–1.3
83:Dipodidae
168:Ontogeny
127:premolar
123:incisors
71:taxonomy
67:premolar
59:Muroidea
161:Murinae
87:jerboas
55:Rodents
383:Elymys
366:
144:genus
142:murine
137:Eocene
93:, and
63:molars
364:ISBN
108:1.0.
101:of
444::
264:^
116:.3
89:,
114:0
112:0
110:0
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
