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296:. This dam would have impounded a vast area, mostly upstream of the state borders in New South Wales and Victoria, in a relatively shallow reservoir to provide security of water supply to South Australia. Preparations were made to build the dam, including a railway line built in 1967 to cart rock for the construction, but the increasing cost estimates and environmental concerns caused the dam to be deferred then cancelled.
280:
Murtho had 60–70 acres (24–28 ha) under irrigation. However, by 1899 the settlement, like many others, had been largely abandoned. It failed chiefly through inadequate irrigation: the settlement was atop a 120 feet (37 m) cliff. This was initially seen as an advantage, as the land sloped away from the banks, thus easier to irrigate but the double-acting
50:
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used to raise water to this height was expensive, inefficient, and could barely cope with 20 feet (6.1 m) of suction lift during "normal" low river levels, and failed utterly when the river dropped further. Further, the cost of transporting provisions and produce by river was exorbitant (dearer
279:
were mostly used by unemployed people seeking a fresh start during an economic depression. Murtho was different in that it required financial commitment by the members and no government handouts. Chairman of the Murtho Co-operative
Village Settlement Association was Henry Cordeaux (?–1902). By 1897,
285:
per ton than from London to
Adelaide); and rabbits, which bypassed wire netting fences by scaling the cliffs, took much of the crops. Among the Murtho settlers were brothers John Napier Birks (1845–1929) and Walter Richard Birks (1847–1900), of Adelaide's prominent
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include: ... "'river' should be used as a generic term following the specific name of the feature – e.g. 'Onkaparinga River' – except when referring to the River
Torrens or River Murray."
264:
in 1901, Murtho was the site of the South
Australian customs house known as Border Cliffs, charging import duty on goods being brought down the river from New South Wales and Victoria.
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Land around Murtho today is used for vineyards and orchards irrigated from the river, and cereal crops. It has a boat ramp and shop which supports campers and recreational fishing.
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676:"Former Border Cliffs Customs House, Chowilla Game Reserve [Part of Bookmark Biosphere Reserve Buffer Zone]"
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was established at Murtho, 2–3 miles (3–5 km) upstream of
Renmark (on the opposite bank) in the 1890s as a
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In the 1960s, Murtho almost became the south bank (actually the east end of the dam wall) of the
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407:. Attorney-General's Department (Government of South Australia). August 2020
563:. Vol. XVI, no. 1228. South Australia. 20 April 1894. p. 2
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The naming principles for locations in South
Australia issued by the
604:. Vol. 32, no. 18. South Australia. 9 May 1924. p. 24
650:"Dwelling ('Wilkadene'), including c1860 cottage and 1913 house"
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275:. The Village Settlements established under Part VII of the
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The Port
Augusta Dispatch, Newcastle and Flinders Chronicle
427:"Customs House on the South Australian / Victorian border"
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Murtho has a number of heritage-listed sites, including:
682:. Department of Environment, Water and Natural Resources
656:. Department of Environment, Water and Natural Resources
630:. Department of Environment, Water and Natural Resources
585:
pub. Cobdogla
Irrigation and Steam Museum pp.149–152
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23:
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477:"The Crown Lands Amendment Act, 1893 (SA )"
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720:
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698:
612:– via National Library of Australia.
601:Murray Pioneer and Australian River Record
571:– via National Library of Australia.
543:– via National Library of Australia.
515:– via National Library of Australia.
465:– via National Library of Australia.
386:
20:
624:"Graves of Passengers of the PS Bunyip"
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507:. Adelaide. 15 January 1897. p. 7
457:. Adelaide. 17 October 1894. p. 6
449:"The River Murray Village Settlements"
310:Graves of Passengers of the PS Bunyip
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250:on its north and west sides and the
535:. Adelaide. 5 July 1902. p. 32
680:South Australian Heritage Register
654:South Australian Heritage Register
628:South Australian Heritage Register
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374:Australian Census 2021 QuickStats
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555:"Legislative Council Elections"
401:"Geographical names guidelines"
366:Australian Bureau of Statistics
370:"Murtho (suburb and locality)"
277:Crown Lands Amendment Act 1893
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342:Government of South Australia
322:Border Cliffs Customs House
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527:"The Village Settlements"
504:South Australian Register
454:South Australian Register
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173:Localities around Murtho:
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837:Towns in South Australia
730:Renmark Paringa Council
429:. Discover Murray River
246:. It is bounded by the
202:Lindsay Point, Victoria
138:Renmark Paringa Council
16:Town in South Australia
238:. It is north-east of
583:Irrigation Settlement
499:"The Murray Villages"
405:Planning and property
262:Australian federation
596:"Dr. Melville Birks"
254:border on the east.
157:Federal division(s)
145:State electorate(s)
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728:Localities of the
269:village settlement
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300:Heritage listings
234:is a locality in
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368:(28 June 2022).
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273:socialist colony
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91:34.1°S 140.9°E
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806:Renmark West
776:Old Calperum
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766:Mundic Creek
684:. Retrieved
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658:. Retrieved
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632:. Retrieved
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606:. Retrieved
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377:. Retrieved
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294:Chowilla Dam
291:
287:Birks family
282:plunger pump
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248:River Murray
231:
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172:
96:-34.1; 140.9
18:
756:Gurra Gurra
581:David Mack
123:Postcode(s)
94: /
69:Coordinates
831:Categories
786:Pike River
567:7 November
479:. Part VII
411:8 February
352:References
107:Population
842:Riverland
539:4 October
511:4 October
483:4 October
461:4 October
433:2 October
316:Wilkadene
252:Victorian
811:Wonuarra
751:Cooltong
741:Crescent
214:Wonuarra
185:Chowilla
82:140°54′E
791:Renmark
781:Paringa
746:Chaffey
379:28 June
260:Before
244:Paringa
240:Renmark
209:Paringa
150:Chaffey
79:34°06′S
771:Murtho
686:28 May
660:28 May
634:28 May
385:
232:Murtho
198:Murtho
162:Barker
133:LGA(s)
56:Murtho
25:Murtho
816:Yamba
761:Lyrup
608:2 May
328:Notes
110:195 (
688:2016
662:2016
636:2016
610:2016
569:2016
541:2015
513:2015
485:2015
463:2015
435:2015
413:2021
381:2022
242:and
127:5340
115:2021
112:SAL
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678:.
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267:A
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714:t
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383:.
117:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
