39:
130:
Currently, the most common cause is displacement of bone marrow by metastatic cancer (extramedullary hematopoiesis tends to be modest). Other causes include myeloproliferative disorders (especially late-stage or spent polycythemia vera), granulomatous diseases, and (lipid) storage diseases.
131:
Myelofibrosis can occur in all of these. Factors that may contribute to decreased RBC production include a decreased quantity of functioning hematopoietic tissue, disordered metabolism related to the underlying disorder, and, in some cases, erythrophagocytosis.
379:
364:
183:. These immature granulocytes are seen in peripheral blood smears. Diagnosis is confirmed when a bone marrow biopsy demonstrates significant replacement of the normal bone marrow compartment by
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817:
159:
The first test for diagnosis myelophthisis involves looking at a small sample of blood under a microscope. Myelophthisis is suggested by the presence of
968:
470:
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742:
812:
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231:
629:
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187:, malignancy or other infiltrative process. The presence of immature blood cell precursors helps distinguish another cause of
757:
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803:
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115:. It is common in people who have chronic idiopathic myelofibrosis. It has been linked to small-cell lung cancer,
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the hematopoietic cells are damaged and immature blood cells are not seen in the peripheral blood.
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326:"Myelophthisic Anemia: Anemias Caused by Deficient Erythropoiesis: Merck Manual Professional"
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American
Society of hematology self-assessment program, second edition, 2005, page 82.
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63:. Myelophthisis refers to the displacement of hemopoietic bone-marrow tissue by
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Treatment of this disorder involves treatment of the underlying cancer.
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is occurring because the displaced hematopoietic cells begin to undergo
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Some cases of myelophthisis are thought to be related to the release of
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302:
285:
527:
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452:
286:"Clinical spectrum of myelophthisis in cancer patients"
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59:found in some people with diseases that affect the
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21:
91:Myelophthisis can occur in the setting of chronic
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8:
613:Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency
969:Hereditary persistence of fetal hemoglobin
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457:
449:
347:
37:
18:
921:Mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration
743:Warm antibody autoimmune hemolytic anemia
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248:
195:, from myelophthisic anemia because in
232:List of circulatory system conditions
206:(marrow elements can be found in the
7:
630:triosephosphate isomerase deficiency
785:paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria
753:Donath–Landsteiner hemolytic anemia
79:, which refers to bone marrow, and
14:
794:Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia
765:Mixed autoimmune hemolytic anemia
825:Hemolytic disease of the newborn
284:Makoni SN, Laber DA (May 2004).
175:precursor cells which indicates
75:. The word comes from the roots
758:Paroxysmal cold hemoglobinuria
237:List of hematologic conditions
1:
709:Southeast Asian ovalocytosis
697:Minkowski–Chauffard syndrome
204:extramedullary hematopoiesis
181:extramedullary hematopoiesis
1010:
818:Drug-induced nonautoimmune
799:Thrombotic microangiopathy
625:pyruvate kinase deficiency
93:myeloproliferative disease
804:Hemolytic–uremic syndrome
716:Hereditary stomatocytosis
704:Hereditary elliptocytosis
202:There may be evidence of
692:Hereditary spherocytosis
167:or are teardrop-shaped (
83:, shrinkage or atrophy.
897:Mean corpuscular volume
861:Diamond–Blackfan anemia
813:Drug-induced autoimmune
748:Cold agglutinin disease
554:Plummer–Vinson syndrome
549:Iron-deficiency anemia
55:) is a severe type of
868:Pure red cell aplasia
635:hexokinase deficiency
177:leukoerythroblastosis
873:Sideroblastic anemia
681:Hemoglobin C disease
567:Megaloblastic anemia
439:Myelophthisic Anemia
127:to the bone marrow.
49:Myelophthisic anemia
22:Myelophthisic anemia
672:Sickle cell disease
959:Sulfhemoglobinemia
410:External resources
147:proliferation and
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980:
977:
976:
964:Reticulocytopenia
954:Methemoglobinemia
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941:
833:
832:
773:
772:
572:Pernicious anemia
515:
514:
507:Polycythemia vera
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432:
303:10.1002/ajh.20046
257:"Hematopathology"
107:, and metastatic
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45:
16:Medical condition
1001:
994:Aplastic anemias
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645:hemoglobinopathy
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484:red blood cells
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197:aplastic anemia
193:aplastic anemia
171:), or immature
161:red blood cells
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151:in the marrow.
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135:Pathophysiology
121:prostate cancer
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856:Fanconi anemia
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351:Classification
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343:External links
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290:Am. J. Hematol
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143:that simulate
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878:Myelophthisic
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163:that contain
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134:
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128:
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118:
117:breast cancer
114:
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98:
97:myelofibrosis
94:
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74:
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66:
62:
58:
54:
53:myelophthisis
50:
40:
34:
31:
29:
25:
20:
927:normochromic
919:
895:
877:
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685:
643:
617:
606:
499:Polycythemia
437:
417:
393:
378:
363:
329:. Retrieved
320:
293:
289:
279:
251:
221:
201:
189:pancytopenia
158:
145:fibroblastic
138:
129:
125:metastasizes
90:
80:
76:
52:
48:
47:
932:hypochromic
888:Blood tests
650:Thalassemia
608:enzymopathy
537:Nutritional
296:(1): 92–3.
173:granulocyte
169:dacryocytes
61:bone marrow
913:macrocytic
908:microcytic
903:normocytic
866:Acquired:
852:Hereditary
619:glycolysis
599:Hereditary
331:2008-03-08
243:References
73:granulomas
33:Hematology
584:Hemolytic
444:eMedicine
419:eMedicine
218:Treatment
155:Diagnosis
141:cytokines
109:carcinoma
28:Specialty
988:Category
842:(mostly
839:Aplastic
779:membrane
726:Acquired
687:membrane
587:(mostly
480:Diseases
424:med/1562
312:15114608
226:See also
185:fibrosis
149:fibrosis
105:lymphoma
101:leukemia
81:phthysis
65:fibrosis
400:D000750
113:myeloma
844:normo-
589:normo-
563:Macro-
545:Micro-
528:Anemia
310:
208:spleen
165:nuclei
95:(e.g.
87:Causes
77:myelo-
69:tumors
57:anemia
35:
947:Other
676:trait
665:delta
655:alpha
389:284.2
374:D61.9
212:liver
123:that
71:, or
735:AIHA
660:beta
395:MeSH
384:9-CM
308:PMID
51:(or
482:of
442:at
380:ICD
365:ICD
298:doi
214:).
119:or
111:or
99:),
990::
854::
565::
547::
422::
398::
387::
372::
369:10
306:.
294:76
292:.
288:.
265:^
210:,
191:,
103:,
67:,
846:)
689::
674:/
647::
610::
591:)
520:↓
491:↑
472:e
465:t
458:v
382:-
367:-
357:D
334:.
314:.
300::
259:.
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