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seeds. In cultivation, the tree begins bearing fruits after attaining 2 cm (0.79 in) in stem girth (three years after emergence of the seedling). Plants flower at the end of the dry season and produce fruit at the peak of the rainy season. Observations with both wild and cultivated plants suggest that the trees can remain productive for several decades.
33:
601:
The tree occurs in locally dense populations or even monospecific stands in
Amazonian flood plains and riparian vegetation. The plant is extremely tolerant of flooding, withstanding four to five months with the roots and even much of the aerial parts submerged in water. The species propagates through
735:
Documentation of traditional camu-camu uses is scarce. In traditional
Amazonian societies, camu-camu is not likely to have ever been nutritionally relevant except for its vitamin C content. The fruit is extremely acidic and the flavor much like a sour grape with a large pit. The fruit is often used
597:
being the major buyer. The tree is relatively easy to cultivate within certain growing conditions. It survives best in hot, damp, tropical climates, but will grow in the subtropics, surviving temperatures down to just above freezing. It requires copious water. Fair trade is present in low-land
736:
to make a very pink juice with a little sugar (like lemonade). A reddish pigment in the leathery skin of the fruit imparts a pink color on juices extracted from camu-camu. The aroma is subtle, but is not so captivating as in more popular fruits. Recently, camu-camu is used in
605:
Wild trees have been found to yield 12 kg (26 lb) of fruit on average. At suggested planting densities of 600–1100 trees per 1 ha (2.5 acres), about 12 t (12 long tons; 13 short tons) fruit may be derived in cultivation from one hectare.
996:
Chirinos, Rosana; Galarza, Jorge; Betalleluz-Pallardel, Indira; Pedreschi, Romina; Campos, David (2010). "Antioxidant compounds and antioxidant capacity of
Peruvian camu camu (Myrciaria dubia (H.B.K.) McVaugh) fruit at different maturity stages".
1120:
1073:
1090:
Martin, Meredith; Peters, C. M.; Ashton, Mark S. (2014). "Revisiting Camu-camu (Myrciaria dubia): Twenty-seven Years of Fruit
Collection and Flooding at an Oxbow Lake Peruvian Amazonia 1".
593:
Long used by native peoples, wild camu-camu fruit is harvested directly into canoes. The fruit has only recently come into large-scale cultivation and sale to the world market, with
668:
content (on the order of 2–3% of fresh weight). Vitamin C content declines as full maturity is reached, with a trade-off between vitamin C and flavor expression.
1291:
1558:
1543:
1503:
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Mst. Sorifa Aktera; Sejong Ohb; Jong-Bang Euna; Maruf Ahmed (August 2011). "Nutritional compositions and health promoting phytochemicals of camu-camu (
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and sweets and processed powder from the fruit pulp is beginning to be sold in the west as a health food in loose powder or capsule form.
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The camu-camu fruit is maroon or purple-black when fully ripe, around 25 mm in diameter, with either sweet or acidic flesh.
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IUCN SSC Global Tree
Specialist Group, Botanic Gardens Conservation International (BGCI); Canteiro, C. (2019).
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416:. Individual leaves are 3–20 cm (1.2–7.9 in) in length and 1–2 cm (0.39–0.79 in) wide.
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of Peru, have been reported as using camu-camu as a traditional remedy for the treatment of malaria.
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210:
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41:
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1034:"Plants used by native Amazonian groups from the Nanay River (Peru) for the treatment of malaria"
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71:
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763:. Efforts are underway to encourage commercial growing of camu-camu in the Amazon River basin.
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1304:
1187:
1053:
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Ruiz, Lastenia; Ruiz, Liliana; Maco, M; Cobos, M; Gutierrez-Choquevilca, AL; Roumy, V (2011).
1014:
978:
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370:
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967:"Nutritional composition and vitamin C stability in stored camu-camu (Myrciaria dubia) pulp"
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360:, which grows to a height of 3–5 m (9.8–16.4 ft) and bears a red/purple
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Percy
Takayama, Living in Peru - Business, 12 February 2007. Accessed July 2012.
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production from the
Association of Camu Camu Producers of the Peruvian Amazon.
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Justi, K C; Visentainer, J V; Evelázio de Souza, N; Matsushita, M (2000).
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Rodrigues, Sueli; Silva, Ebenezer; de Brito, Edy, eds. (6 January 2018).
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521: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
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952:"Artigo - Camu-camu: fruto amazônico com mais vitamina C que o limão!"
32:
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The current range of camu-camu consists of the
Amazonian lowlands of
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Vitamin C: ranges from 1882–2280 mg depending on ripeness.
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to the eastern part of Peru; in the north, it appears in the
711:, suggesting that the fruit possesses hydrolyzed tannins (
439:, and Brazil. Its distribution extends from the center of
759:
Overharvesting of wild camu-camu threatens to make it an
1123:
with pictures of the tree, fruits, and harvest method.
380:). As much as 2 to 3% of the fresh fruit by weight is
1080:
with pictures of the tree, fruits and harvest method.
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1147:
831:
The Plant List: A Working List of All Plant
Species
805:
10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T152941355A152941357.en
743:Native Amazonian groups living on the banks of the
368:. It is a close relative of the false jaboticaba (
8:
1135:
703:. Other analysis revealed the presence of
50:
31:
20:
803:
671:The fruit is rich in flavonoids, such as
581:Learn how and when to remove this message
16:Species of plant in the family Myrtaceae
1130:List of Chemicals (Dr. Duke's Database)
932:Peruvian Camu Camu fruit conquers Japan
772:
443:state, Brazil, along the mid and upper
664:Camu-camu has an extraordinarily high
404:. It has bushy, feathery foliage. The
340:, is a species of plant in the family
7:
519:adding citations to reliable sources
1559:Fruits originating in South America
1544:Crops originating from the Americas
1504:IUCN Red List least concern species
880:. Academic Press. pp. 97–105.
791:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
374:) and the guavaberry or rumberry (
14:
954:(in Portuguese). 20 October 2009.
827:"Myrciaria dubia (Kunth) McVaugh"
1455:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:600800-1
1336:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:166146-2
495:
344:. It is a small bushy riverside
75:
506:needs additional citations for
1524:Trees of the Amazon rainforest
1011:10.1016/j.foodchem.2009.11.041
1:
919:10.1016/j.foodres.2011.03.045
878:Exotic Fruits Reference Guide
455:. In Brazil, it is found in
1529:Crops originating from Peru
907:Food Research International
467:, in the municipalities of
1582:
798:: e.T152941355A152941357.
614:Per 100 g of fresh fruit:
1554:Flora of Southern America
1104:10.1007/s12231-014-9269-4
1050:10.1016/j.jep.2010.10.039
937:27 September 2013 at the
451:and the upper and middle
297:(O.Berg) Willd. ex O.Berg
225:
218:
199:
192:
72:Scientific classification
70:
48:
39:
30:
23:
459:along the Maçangana and
277:Myrciaria phillyraeoides
235:Eugenia grandiglandulosa
689:delphinidin 3-glucoside
1539:Trees of South America
856:Useful Tropical Plants
732:
651:Potassium 83.9 mg
645:Magnesium 12.4 mg
414:lanceolate to elliptic
316:
1076:12 March 2012 at the
730:
648:Manganese 2.1 mg
400:and a sweet-smelling
315:Dried camu camu seeds
314:
295:Myrtus phillyraeoides
905:) fruit: A review".
693:cyanidin 3-glucoside
636:Calcium 15.7 mg
515:improve this article
392:Camu-camu has small
377:Myrciaria floribunda
324:, commonly known as
283:Myrciaria riedeliana
259:Myrciaria lanceolata
253:Myrciaria divaricata
1121:Conservation issues
1071:Conservation issues
755:Conservation issues
654:Sodium 11.1 mg
630:Dietary Fiber 1.1 g
621:Carbohydrates 5.9 g
289:Myrciaria spruceana
271:Myrciaria paraensis
247:Myrciaria caurensis
42:Conservation status
971:Arch Latinoam Nutr
761:endangered species
733:
639:Copper 0.2 mg
317:
229:Eugenia divaricata
1491:
1490:
1305:Open Tree of Life
1141:Taxon identifiers
852:"Myrciaria dubia"
642:Iron 0.53 mg
591:
590:
583:
565:
530:"Myrciaria dubia"
371:Myrciaria vexator
350:Amazon rainforest
309:
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265:Myrciaria obscura
241:Marlierea macedoi
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657:Zinc 0.2 mg
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396:with waxy white
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624:Starches 0.44 g
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627:Sugars 1.28 g
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504:This section
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859:. Retrieved
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697:ellagic acid
673:anthocyanins
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571:January 2021
568:
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513:Please help
508:verification
505:
481:Negro Rivers
445:Amazon River
426:
423:Native range
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1564:Fruit trees
1253:iNaturalist
1173:Wikispecies
811:12 December
745:Nanay River
713:gallotannin
388:Description
115:Angiosperms
1498:Categories
1323:kew-131810
1318:Plant List
861:16 January
836:16 January
767:References
738:ice creams
541:newspapers
473:Manacapuru
243:D.Legrand
1509:Myrciaria
1389:Q39282767
1284:152941355
1219:242433372
1019:0308-8146
685:catechins
681:flavanols
677:flavonols
666:vitamin C
633:Fat 0.2 g
610:Nutrition
406:evergreen
382:vitamin C
348:from the
342:Myrtaceae
326:camu-camu
213:) McVaugh
179:Species:
172:Myrciaria
161:Myrtaceae
85:Kingdom:
1468:22101532
1463:Tropicos
1442:600800-1
1383:Wikidata
1349:22103034
1344:Tropicos
1271:166146-2
1164:Q1031775
1158:Wikidata
1074:Archived
1058:21040768
983:11464674
935:Archived
465:Amazonas
457:Rondônia
435:, Peru,
429:Colombia
338:camocamo
249:Steyerm.
237:Kiaersk.
220:Synonyms
157:Family:
151:Myrtales
128:Eudicots
62:IUCN 3.1
1534:Berries
1416:5419961
1232:3186519
1206:5450695
747:in the
555:scholar
487:Harvest
437:Bolivia
433:Ecuador
394:flowers
167:Genus:
147:Order:
89:Plantae
60: (
1429:401458
1310:256423
1297:468946
1258:563896
1245:401456
1056:
1017:
981:
884:
705:gallic
699:, and
557:
550:
543:
536:
528:
477:Javari
469:Manaus
398:petals
364:-like
362:cherry
358:Brazil
330:caçari
291:O.Berg
285:O.Berg
279:O.Berg
273:O.Berg
267:O.Berg
261:O.Berg
231:Benth.
141:Rosids
1403:6WJ8N
1193:4582F
701:rutin
595:Japan
562:JSTOR
548:books
461:Urupá
402:aroma
366:fruit
336:, or
303:Kunth
211:Kunth
135:Clade
122:Clade
109:Clade
96:Clade
1450:POWO
1437:IPNI
1424:GRIN
1411:GBIF
1331:POWO
1292:NCBI
1279:IUCN
1266:IPNI
1240:GRIN
1227:GBIF
1054:PMID
1015:ISSN
979:PMID
882:ISBN
863:2021
838:2021
813:2022
796:2019
723:Uses
715:and
707:and
534:news
471:and
441:Pará
412:are
356:and
354:Peru
346:tree
1476:WFO
1398:CoL
1357:WFO
1214:FNA
1201:EoL
1188:CoL
1100:doi
1046:doi
1042:133
1007:doi
1003:120
915:doi
800:doi
719:).
517:by
352:in
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1096:68
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969:.
911:44
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695:,
691:,
687:,
683:,
679:,
675:,
483:.
431:,
408:,
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332:,
328:,
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865:.
840:.
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802::
786:"
782:"
584:)
578:(
573:)
569:(
559:·
552:·
545:·
538:·
511:.
209:(
64:)
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