1382:, which gives a condition where microtubule formation is not favoured at the front of the cell. For cell migration to occur, a mechanism is needed to decrease the activity of GSK3β to promote growth of microtubules. First, ErbB2 recruits Memo (mediator of ErbB2-driven motility) to the plasma membrane, which then promotes the phosphorylation of GSK3β on serine 9. This decreases the amount of GSK3β activity, and permits the localization of APC and CLASP2 to the cell membrane, which are both microtubule +TIPs. Although CLASP2 is present at the cell membrane, it appears to have a separate, independent mechanism for microtubule growth than APC. When ErbB2 inactivates GSK3β, APC localizes to the membrane and is then able to recruit MACF1 to the membrane as well. The APC-mediated recruitment of MACF1 to the membrane is required and sufficient for microtubule capture and stabilization at the cell cortex during breast carcinoma cell motility.
297:
274:
1354:
occur. It was found in hair follicle stem cells that phosphorylation-refractile MACF1 rescues microtubule architecture from a MACF1 knock-out, whereas phosphorylation-constitutive MACF1 is unable to rescue the phenotype. However, neither phosphorylation-refractile MACF1 nor phosphorylation-constitutive MACF1 are able to rescue polarized cell movement. This implies that the phospho-regulation dynamics permitted in the wild type MACF1 are necessary for polarized cell movement to take place.
171:
196:
562:
555:
548:
303:
202:
1334:, which when uninhibited phosphorylates MACF1 among its many other substrates and uncouples MACF1 from microtubules. The phosphorylation of MACF1 occurs in the GSR domain, which is involved in microtubule binding, and has 32% of the amino acid residues are serines or threonines. MACF1 has 6 serines, which are possible GSK3β phosphorylation sites. GSK3β activity is high in non-stimulated cells, but during
1353:
receptor on the cellular membrane, which then, through a signalling cascade inhibits GSK3β. The inhibition of GSK3β creates a gradient at the leading edge, allowing MACF1 to remain active and unphosphorylated, so that it can form necessary connections between microtubules and actin so migration can
1199:
binding domains, which allow MACF1 to bind to both cytoskeletal elements. MACF1 goes by many names and is also called ACF7 or actin cross-linking factor 7, MACF, macrophin, trabeculin α, and ABP620. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms of MACF1 have been described.
1220:
segment has a +TIP binding site as well as microtubule interacting domains. This allows MACF1 to crosslink both actin and microtubules. The C-terminal region contains both a Gas2-related domain and a GSR-repeat domain, which both are involved with interacting with microtubules. The C-terminus of
1326:
to stall. Wild-type cells with MACF1 present have coordinated cytoskeletal dynamics, which allow for proper cell migration. MACF1 plays an important role in microtubule organization, and without MACF1, microtubules in migrating cells are bending and curly, instead of straight and radial. When
1327:
wounded, conditional knock-outs for MACF1 have around a 40% delay in migration over 4 to 6 days after injury compared to the wild-type controls, showing that MACF1 plays an important role in cell migration. There are suggestions that imply that MACF1 may play a role in golgi polarization.
50:
1517:
Okuda T, Matsuda S, Nakatsugawa S, Ichigotani Y, Iwahashi N, Takahashi M, Ishigaki T, Hamaguchi M (Dec 1999). "Molecular cloning of macrophin, a human homologue of
Drosophila kakapo with a close structural similarity to plectin and dystrophin".
2450:
Kakinuma T, Ichikawa H, Tsukada Y, Nakamura T, Toh BH (2004). "Interaction between p230 and MACF1 is associated with transport of a glycosyl phosphatidyl inositol-anchored protein from the Golgi to the cell periphery".
1366:, a receptor tyrosine, which causes microtubules to form many cell protrusions to cause cell motility. ErbB2 controls microtubule outgrowth and stabilization at the cell cortex through a specific pathway. When
2515:
Gevaert K, Staes A, Van Damme J, De Groot S, Hugelier K, Demol H, Martens L, Goethals M, Vandekerckhove J (2006). "Global phosphoproteome analysis on human HepG2 hepatocytes using reversed-phase diagonal LC".
2244:
Sun D, Leung CL, Liem RK (2001). "Characterization of the microtubule binding domain of microtubule actin crosslinking factor (MACF): identification of a novel group of microtubule associated proteins".
1225:
subunits. However, MACF1 does not always associate with the microtubule directly, and also binds through many proteins which localize at the microtubule plus end. Such proteins include EB1,
1298:. Also, MACF1 is required for sufficient β-catenin to travel to the nucleus, where subsequently TCF/β-catenin-dependent transcriptional activation of a gene T encoding the protein
310:
209:
2125:"Prediction of the coding sequences of unidentified human genes. XV. The complete sequences of 100 new cDNA clones from brain which code for large proteins in vitro"
1302:
occurs. Brachyury is an essential transcription factor required for mesoderm formation. Without MACF1, insufficient brachyury is transcribed, and hence, the
132:
870:
851:
2160:"Microtubule actin cross-linking factor (MACF): a hybrid of dystonin and dystrophin that can interact with the actin and microtubule cytoskeletons"
1458:
1440:
2568:
2563:
2323:"Protein-protein interactions between large proteins: two-hybrid screening using a functionally classified library composed of long cDNAs"
1306:
does not form. In fact, MACF1 knock-out mice, which lack the protein, show clear developmental retardation by E7.5, and eventually die at
47:
296:
1091:
1249:
domain, which is approximately 3000 amino acid residues long in the C-terminal region, and is responsible for cytoskeletal dynamics.
1084:
2090:"Molecular cloning and characterization of human trabeculin-alpha, a giant protein defining a new family of actin-binding proteins"
273:
1556:
1427:
1406:
1423:
103:, ABP620, ACF7, MACF, OFC4, microtubule-actin crosslinking factor 1, LIS9, microtubule actin crosslinking factor 1, Lnc-PMIF
195:
170:
1402:
112:
2088:
Sun Y, Zhang J, Kraeft SK, Auclair D, Chang MS, Liu Y, Sutherland R, Salgia R, Griffin JD, Ferland LH, Chen LB (1999).
2407:
Colland F, Jacq X, Trouplin V, Mougin C, Groizeleau C, Hamburger A, Meil A, Wojcik J, Legrain P, Gauthier JM (2004).
309:
208:
1371:
1291:
302:
201:
1294:. However, upon Wnt signaling, MACF1 is involved in a translation and binding of the axin complex to LTP6 at the
1784:"Skin Stem Cells Orchestrate Directional Migration by Regulating Microtubule-ACF7 Connections through GSK3beta"
915:
120:
896:
1936:"ErbB2 receptor controls microtubule capture by recruiting MACF1 to the plasma membrane of migrating cells"
2283:
1318:
Mice with conditional knock-outs in MACF1 in hair follicle stem cells have defects in cell migration. The
1263:
1234:
1999:"Construction of expression-ready cDNA clones for KIAA genes: manual curation of 330 KIAA cDNA clones"
1947:
1675:"The 'spectraplakins': cytoskeletal giants with characteristics of both spectrin and plakin families"
184:
99:
2288:
1188:
1165:
1018:
1014:
993:
2274:
Gong TW, Besirli CG, Lomax MI (2002). "MACF1 gene structure: a hybrid of plectin and dystrophin".
2541:
2395:
2309:
1655:
144:
1245:, the ability of MACF1 to bind to microtubules is disrupted. MACF1 also has an actin-regulated
1221:
MACF1 is thought to associate to the microtubule lattice through the acidic C-terminal tails of
1048:
1022:
989:
985:
2533:
2503:
2482:"Microtubule actin crosslinking factor 1b: a novel plakin that localizes to the Golgi complex"
2468:
2438:
2387:
2352:
2301:
2262:
2232:
2189:
2146:
2111:
2076:
2041:
2020:
1975:
1916:
1867:
1813:
1755:
1706:
1647:
1601:
1535:
1499:
1478:"Novel actin crosslinker superfamily member identified by a two step degenerate PCR procedure"
1181:
561:
554:
547:
92:
40:
1187:
MACF1 belongs to a subset of +TIPs or proteins which bind to growing microtubule ends called
1168:(LRR) domains. MACF1 is a member of a family of proteins that form bridges between different
2573:
2525:
2493:
2460:
2428:
2420:
2377:
2342:
2334:
2293:
2254:
2222:
2214:
2179:
2171:
2136:
2101:
2066:
2010:
1965:
1955:
1906:
1898:
1857:
1849:
1803:
1795:
1745:
1737:
1696:
1686:
1637:
1591:
1583:
1527:
1489:
1267:
389:
320:
264:
219:
1887:"The role of microtubule actin cross-linking factor 1 (MACF1) in the Wnt signaling pathway"
1838:"ACF7 regulates cytoskeletal-focal adhesion dynamics and migration and has ATPase activity"
140:
2203:"An epidermal plakin that integrates actin and microtubule networks at cellular junctions"
1319:
1238:
364:
2053:
Seki N, Ohira M, Nagase T, Ishikawa K, Miyajima N, Nakajima D, Nomura N, Ohara O (1998).
1951:
1278:
pathway. When Wnt signalling is not present, MACF1 associates with a complex containing
1237:
assay. Not only does MACF1's C-terminal tail bind to microtubules, but it also has key
2227:
2202:
2184:
2159:
1970:
1935:
1911:
1886:
1862:
1837:
1808:
1783:
1750:
1725:
1596:
1571:
1342:
1335:
1323:
1201:
2433:
2408:
2382:
2365:
2347:
2322:
2055:"Characterization of cDNA clones in size-fractionated cDNA libraries from human brain"
1642:
1625:
785:
780:
775:
770:
765:
760:
755:
750:
745:
740:
735:
719:
714:
709:
704:
699:
694:
689:
684:
679:
674:
658:
653:
648:
643:
638:
633:
628:
623:
618:
613:
608:
603:
2557:
1494:
1477:
1295:
1275:
590:
2399:
2313:
1659:
1307:
1169:
382:
161:
124:
2545:
1283:
148:
2464:
1463:
National Center for
Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine
1445:
National Center for
Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine
1266:. For mice, by embryonic day 7.5 (E7.5), MACF1 is expressed in the headfold and
1192:
1177:
1853:
1799:
1741:
465:
2297:
1587:
1217:
1213:
281:
178:
128:
2141:
2124:
2106:
2089:
2071:
2054:
1310:
due to defects in the formation of the primitive streak, node, and mesoderm.
2015:
1998:
1960:
1782:
Wu X, Shen QT, Oristian DS, Lu CP, Zheng Q, Wang HW, Fuchs E (Feb 4, 2011).
1299:
815:
525:
403:
348:
335:
247:
234:
136:
2537:
2529:
2507:
2472:
2442:
2391:
2356:
2305:
2266:
2236:
2193:
2175:
2150:
2115:
2024:
1979:
1920:
1871:
1817:
1759:
1710:
1651:
1605:
1539:
1531:
2258:
2218:
2080:
2045:
1503:
1180:
interactions at the cell periphery and couples the microtubule network to
1131:
1126:
1367:
1350:
1331:
1303:
1287:
1242:
1161:
1115:
960:
941:
1902:
2424:
1997:
Nakajima D, Okazaki N, Yamakawa H, Kikuno R, Ohara O, Nagase T (2003).
1271:
1222:
1147:
927:
882:
2498:
2481:
2338:
2123:
Nagase T, Ishikawa K, Kikuno R, Hirosawa M, Nomura N, Ohara O (2000).
1701:
1691:
1674:
69:
1885:
Chen HJ, Lin CM, Lin CS, Perez-Olle R, Leung CL, Liem RK (Jul 2006).
1379:
1375:
1246:
1230:
1226:
1099:
837:
1270:, and by E8.5 the protein is expressed in neuronal tissues and the
1363:
1346:
1196:
1173:
1322:
in cells lacking MACF1 associate with cables of F-actin, causing
800:
796:
1279:
1154:
570:
116:
2032:
Caccamise DA (1978). "My franchise was a teen-age lion's den".
1212:
MACF1 is an enormous protein of 5380 amino acid residues. The
2364:
Kodama A, Karakesisoglou I, Wong E, Vaezi A, Fuchs E (2004).
1624:
Kodama A, Karakesisoglou I, Wong E, Vaezi A, Fuchs E (2003).
1362:
In breast carcinoma cells, addition of heregulin β activates
2409:"Functional proteomics mapping of a human signaling pathway"
1557:"Entrez Gene: MACF1 microtubule-actin crosslinking factor 1"
1241:
sites. When these sites are phosphorylated by its regulator
1934:
Zaoui K, Benseddik K, Daou P, Salaün D, Badache A (2010).
1144:
Microtubule-actin cross-linking factor 1, isoforms 1/2/3/5
1726:"Cell Migration: GSK3beta Steers the Cytoskeleton's Tip"
1233:, whose interactions with MACF1 were determined through
372:
2366:"ACF7: an essential integrator of microtubule dynamics"
1626:"ACF7: An Essential Integrator of Microtubule Dynamics"
2158:
Leung CL, Sun D, Zheng M, Knowles DR, Liem RK (2000).
1476:
Byers TJ, Beggs AH, McNally EM, Kunkel LM (Sep 1995).
1338:
its activity is dampened along the cell leading edge.
2480:
Lin CM, Chen HJ, Leung CL, Parry DA, Liem RK (2006).
1191:. Spectraplakins characteristically have distinctive
537:
1062:
1041:
1007:
978:
1777:
1775:
1773:
1771:
1769:
1419:
1417:
1415:
1398:
1396:
1394:
1160:MACF1 encodes a large protein containing numerous
319:
218:
786:intermediate filament cytoskeleton organization
16:Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
1831:
1829:
1827:
1424:GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000028649
8:
1345:, but in vitro it is typically inhibited by
1216:segment has an actin binding domain and the
766:positive regulation of Wnt signaling pathway
1619:
1617:
1615:
1403:GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000127603
1349:. Extracellular Wnt signalling acts on the
2201:Karakesisoglou I, Yang Y, Fuchs E (2000).
811:
741:Golgi to plasma membrane protein transport
586:
360:
259:
156:
58:
2497:
2432:
2381:
2346:
2287:
2226:
2183:
2140:
2105:
2070:
2014:
1969:
1959:
1910:
1861:
1807:
1749:
1700:
1690:
1641:
1595:
1493:
1572:"+TIPs: SxIPping along microtubule ends"
1551:
1549:
1341:In vivo, GSK3β activity is inhibited by
1390:
1274:. MACF1 was shown to be present in the
1200:MACF1 is also an important protein for
761:regulation of epithelial cell migration
756:regulation of microtubule-based process
480:paraventricular nucleus of hypothalamus
2321:Nakayama M, Kikuno R, Ohara O (2003).
1673:Röper K, Gregory SL, Brown NH (2002).
1330:The major known regulator of MACF1 is
18:
776:regulation of focal adhesion assembly
751:positive regulation of axon extension
324:
285:
280:
223:
182:
177:
7:
1378:are sequentially inactivated by the
1204:in processes such as wound healing.
1172:elements. This protein facilitates
418:dorsal motor nucleus of vagus nerve
1059:
1038:
1004:
975:
951:
932:
906:
887:
861:
842:
542:
460:
398:
377:
14:
1150:that in humans is encoded by the
1836:Wu X, Kodama A, Fuchs E (2008).
560:
553:
546:
308:
301:
295:
272:
207:
200:
194:
169:
2034:Dental Economics – Oral Hygiene
571:More reference expression data
526:More reference expression data
1:
2383:10.1016/S0092-8674(03)00813-4
1643:10.1016/S0092-8674(03)00813-4
644:microtubule minus-end binding
293:
192:
1570:Kumar P, Wittmann T (2012).
1495:10.1016/0014-5793(95)00722-L
771:regulation of cell migration
659:cytoskeletal protein binding
654:structural molecule activity
2569:EF-hand-containing proteins
2564:Genes on human chromosome 1
2465:10.1016/j.yexcr.2004.04.047
2590:
1854:10.1016/j.cell.2008.07.045
1800:10.1016/j.cell.2010.12.033
1742:10.1016/j.cell.2011.01.023
1520:Biochem Biophys Res Commun
2298:10.1007/s00335-001-3037-3
1588:10.1016/j.tcb.2012.05.005
1459:"Mouse PubMed Reference:"
1441:"Human PubMed Reference:"
1130:
1125:
1121:
1114:
1098:
1092:Chr 4: 123.35 – 123.68 Mb
1079:
1066:
1045:
1034:
1011:
982:
971:
958:
954:
939:
935:
926:
913:
909:
894:
890:
881:
868:
864:
849:
845:
836:
821:
814:
810:
794:
781:cytoskeleton organization
589:
585:
568:
545:
536:
523:
472:
463:
410:
401:
371:
363:
359:
342:
329:
292:
271:
262:
258:
241:
228:
191:
168:
159:
155:
110:
107:
97:
90:
85:
66:
61:
44:
39:
34:
30:
26:
21:
2107:10.1074/jbc.274.47.33522
1724:Yucel G, Oro AE (2011).
414:inferior olivary nucleus
1961:10.1073/pnas.1000975107
1262:MACF1 is important for
1085:Chr 1: 39.08 – 39.49 Mb
446:upper lobe of left lung
2530:10.1002/pmic.200401217
2176:10.1083/jcb.147.6.1275
2142:10.1093/dnares/6.5.337
2072:10.1093/dnares/4.5.345
1532:10.1006/bbrc.1999.1538
649:actin filament binding
512:ventral tegmental area
326:4 D2.2|4 57.42 cM
2259:10.1242/jcs.114.1.161
2219:10.1083/jcb.149.1.195
2016:10.1093/dnares/9.3.99
1358:Clinical significance
1264:embryonic development
1258:Embryonic development
1235:coimmunoprecipitation
736:Wnt signaling pathway
715:intermediate filament
438:middle temporal gyrus
496:ventromedial nucleus
287:Chromosome 4 (mouse)
185:Chromosome 1 (human)
62:List of PDB id codes
35:Available structures
1952:2010PNAS..10718517Z
1903:10.1101/gad.1411206
1166:leucine-rich repeat
619:microtubule binding
609:calcium ion binding
492:superior colliculus
430:epithelium of colon
2492:(Pt 16): 3727–38.
2425:10.1101/gr.2334104
1685:(Pt 22): 4215–25.
1182:cellular junctions
916:ENSMUSG00000028649
729:Biological process
720:actin cytoskeleton
668:Cellular component
597:Molecular function
2499:10.1242/jcs.02510
2339:10.1101/gr.406902
2253:(Pt 1): 161–172.
1692:10.1242/jcs.00157
1141:
1140:
1137:
1136:
1110:
1109:
1075:
1074:
1056:
1055:
1030:
1029:
1001:
1000:
967:
966:
948:
947:
922:
921:
903:
902:
877:
876:
858:
857:
806:
805:
604:metal ion binding
581:
580:
577:
576:
532:
531:
519:
518:
508:cerebellar vermis
457:
456:
355:
354:
254:
253:
149:MACF1 - orthologs
81:
80:
77:
76:
45:Ortholog search:
2581:
2549:
2511:
2501:
2476:
2446:
2436:
2403:
2385:
2360:
2350:
2317:
2291:
2270:
2240:
2230:
2197:
2187:
2154:
2144:
2119:
2109:
2100:(47): 33522–30.
2084:
2074:
2049:
2028:
2018:
1984:
1983:
1973:
1963:
1946:(43): 18517–22.
1931:
1925:
1924:
1914:
1882:
1876:
1875:
1865:
1833:
1822:
1821:
1811:
1779:
1764:
1763:
1753:
1721:
1715:
1714:
1704:
1694:
1670:
1664:
1663:
1645:
1621:
1610:
1609:
1599:
1576:Trends Cell Biol
1567:
1561:
1560:
1553:
1544:
1543:
1514:
1508:
1507:
1497:
1473:
1467:
1466:
1455:
1449:
1448:
1437:
1431:
1421:
1410:
1400:
1268:primitive streak
1123:
1122:
1094:
1087:
1070:
1060:
1051:
1039:
1035:RefSeq (protein)
1025:
1005:
996:
976:
952:
933:
907:
888:
862:
843:
812:
634:cadherin binding
587:
573:
564:
557:
550:
543:
528:
468:
466:Top expressed in
461:
450:ventricular zone
406:
404:Top expressed in
399:
378:
361:
351:
338:
327:
312:
305:
299:
288:
276:
260:
250:
237:
226:
211:
204:
198:
187:
173:
157:
151:
102:
95:
72:
59:
53:
32:
31:
19:
2589:
2588:
2584:
2583:
2582:
2580:
2579:
2578:
2554:
2553:
2552:
2524:(14): 3589–99.
2514:
2479:
2449:
2406:
2363:
2333:(11): 1773–84.
2320:
2289:10.1.1.495.6352
2273:
2243:
2200:
2157:
2122:
2087:
2052:
2031:
1996:
1992:
1990:Further reading
1987:
1933:
1932:
1928:
1897:(14): 1933–45.
1884:
1883:
1879:
1835:
1834:
1825:
1781:
1780:
1767:
1723:
1722:
1718:
1672:
1671:
1667:
1623:
1622:
1613:
1569:
1568:
1564:
1555:
1554:
1547:
1516:
1515:
1511:
1475:
1474:
1470:
1457:
1456:
1452:
1439:
1438:
1434:
1422:
1413:
1401:
1392:
1388:
1360:
1320:focal adhesions
1316:
1260:
1255:
1239:phosphorylation
1210:
1132:View/Edit Mouse
1127:View/Edit Human
1090:
1083:
1080:Location (UCSC)
1068:
1047:
1021:
1017:
1013:
992:
988:
984:
897:ENSG00000127603
790:
724:
700:plasma membrane
695:ruffle membrane
680:cell projection
675:Golgi apparatus
663:
639:ATPase activity
624:protein binding
569:
559:
558:
552:
551:
524:
515:
510:
506:
504:right lung lobe
502:
500:arcuate nucleus
498:
494:
490:
486:
484:mammillary body
482:
478:
464:
453:
448:
444:
440:
436:
434:corpus callosum
432:
428:
426:Achilles tendon
424:
420:
416:
402:
346:
333:
325:
315:
314:
313:
306:
286:
263:Gene location (
245:
232:
224:
214:
213:
212:
205:
183:
160:Gene location (
111:
98:
91:
68:
46:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2587:
2585:
2577:
2576:
2571:
2566:
2556:
2555:
2551:
2550:
2512:
2477:
2447:
2419:(7): 1324–32.
2404:
2361:
2318:
2282:(11): 852–61.
2271:
2241:
2213:(1): 195–208.
2198:
2170:(6): 1275–86.
2155:
2120:
2085:
2050:
2029:
1993:
1991:
1988:
1986:
1985:
1926:
1877:
1823:
1765:
1716:
1665:
1611:
1562:
1545:
1509:
1468:
1450:
1432:
1411:
1389:
1387:
1384:
1359:
1356:
1343:Wnt signalling
1336:cell migration
1324:cell migration
1315:
1314:Cell migration
1312:
1259:
1256:
1254:
1251:
1209:
1206:
1202:cell migration
1189:spectraplakins
1139:
1138:
1135:
1134:
1129:
1119:
1118:
1112:
1111:
1108:
1107:
1105:
1103:
1096:
1095:
1088:
1081:
1077:
1076:
1073:
1072:
1064:
1063:
1057:
1054:
1053:
1043:
1042:
1036:
1032:
1031:
1028:
1027:
1009:
1008:
1002:
999:
998:
980:
979:
973:
969:
968:
965:
964:
956:
955:
949:
946:
945:
937:
936:
930:
924:
923:
920:
919:
911:
910:
904:
901:
900:
892:
891:
885:
879:
878:
875:
874:
866:
865:
859:
856:
855:
847:
846:
840:
834:
833:
828:
823:
819:
818:
808:
807:
804:
803:
792:
791:
789:
788:
783:
778:
773:
768:
763:
758:
753:
748:
743:
738:
732:
730:
726:
725:
723:
722:
717:
712:
707:
702:
697:
692:
687:
682:
677:
671:
669:
665:
664:
662:
661:
656:
651:
646:
641:
636:
631:
626:
621:
616:
611:
606:
600:
598:
594:
593:
583:
582:
579:
578:
575:
574:
566:
565:
540:
534:
533:
530:
529:
521:
520:
517:
516:
514:
513:
509:
505:
501:
497:
493:
489:
485:
481:
477:
476:left lung lobe
473:
470:
469:
458:
455:
454:
452:
451:
447:
443:
442:saphenous vein
439:
435:
431:
427:
423:
419:
415:
411:
408:
407:
395:
394:
386:
375:
369:
368:
365:RNA expression
357:
356:
353:
352:
344:
340:
339:
331:
328:
323:
317:
316:
307:
300:
294:
290:
289:
284:
278:
277:
269:
268:
256:
255:
252:
251:
243:
239:
238:
230:
227:
222:
216:
215:
206:
199:
193:
189:
188:
181:
175:
174:
166:
165:
153:
152:
109:
105:
104:
96:
88:
87:
83:
82:
79:
78:
75:
74:
64:
63:
55:
54:
43:
37:
36:
28:
27:
24:
23:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2586:
2575:
2572:
2570:
2567:
2565:
2562:
2561:
2559:
2547:
2543:
2539:
2535:
2531:
2527:
2523:
2519:
2513:
2509:
2505:
2500:
2495:
2491:
2487:
2483:
2478:
2474:
2470:
2466:
2462:
2459:(2): 388–98.
2458:
2454:
2453:Exp. Cell Res
2448:
2444:
2440:
2435:
2430:
2426:
2422:
2418:
2414:
2410:
2405:
2401:
2397:
2393:
2389:
2384:
2379:
2376:(3): 343–54.
2375:
2371:
2367:
2362:
2358:
2354:
2349:
2344:
2340:
2336:
2332:
2328:
2324:
2319:
2315:
2311:
2307:
2303:
2299:
2295:
2290:
2285:
2281:
2277:
2272:
2268:
2264:
2260:
2256:
2252:
2248:
2242:
2238:
2234:
2229:
2224:
2220:
2216:
2212:
2208:
2204:
2199:
2195:
2191:
2186:
2181:
2177:
2173:
2169:
2165:
2161:
2156:
2152:
2148:
2143:
2138:
2135:(5): 337–45.
2134:
2130:
2126:
2121:
2117:
2113:
2108:
2103:
2099:
2095:
2094:J. Biol. Chem
2091:
2086:
2082:
2078:
2073:
2068:
2064:
2060:
2056:
2051:
2047:
2043:
2040:(11): 36–43.
2039:
2035:
2030:
2026:
2022:
2017:
2012:
2009:(3): 99–106.
2008:
2004:
2000:
1995:
1994:
1989:
1981:
1977:
1972:
1967:
1962:
1957:
1953:
1949:
1945:
1941:
1937:
1930:
1927:
1922:
1918:
1913:
1908:
1904:
1900:
1896:
1892:
1888:
1881:
1878:
1873:
1869:
1864:
1859:
1855:
1851:
1848:(1): 137–48.
1847:
1843:
1839:
1832:
1830:
1828:
1824:
1819:
1815:
1810:
1805:
1801:
1797:
1794:(3): 341–52.
1793:
1789:
1785:
1778:
1776:
1774:
1772:
1770:
1766:
1761:
1757:
1752:
1747:
1743:
1739:
1736:(3): 319–21.
1735:
1731:
1727:
1720:
1717:
1712:
1708:
1703:
1698:
1693:
1688:
1684:
1680:
1676:
1669:
1666:
1661:
1657:
1653:
1649:
1644:
1639:
1636:(3): 343–54.
1635:
1631:
1627:
1620:
1618:
1616:
1612:
1607:
1603:
1598:
1593:
1589:
1585:
1582:(8): 418–28.
1581:
1577:
1573:
1566:
1563:
1558:
1552:
1550:
1546:
1541:
1537:
1533:
1529:
1526:(2): 568–74.
1525:
1521:
1513:
1510:
1505:
1501:
1496:
1491:
1487:
1483:
1479:
1472:
1469:
1464:
1460:
1454:
1451:
1446:
1442:
1436:
1433:
1429:
1425:
1420:
1418:
1416:
1412:
1408:
1404:
1399:
1397:
1395:
1391:
1385:
1383:
1381:
1377:
1373:
1369:
1365:
1357:
1355:
1352:
1348:
1344:
1339:
1337:
1333:
1328:
1325:
1321:
1313:
1311:
1309:
1305:
1301:
1297:
1296:cell membrane
1293:
1289:
1285:
1281:
1277:
1276:Wnt signaling
1273:
1269:
1265:
1257:
1252:
1250:
1248:
1244:
1240:
1236:
1232:
1228:
1224:
1219:
1215:
1207:
1205:
1203:
1198:
1194:
1190:
1185:
1183:
1179:
1175:
1171:
1167:
1163:
1158:
1156:
1153:
1149:
1145:
1133:
1128:
1124:
1120:
1117:
1113:
1106:
1104:
1101:
1097:
1093:
1089:
1086:
1082:
1078:
1071:
1065:
1061:
1058:
1052:
1050:
1044:
1040:
1037:
1033:
1026:
1024:
1020:
1016:
1010:
1006:
1003:
997:
995:
991:
987:
981:
977:
974:
972:RefSeq (mRNA)
970:
963:
962:
957:
953:
950:
944:
943:
938:
934:
931:
929:
925:
918:
917:
912:
908:
905:
899:
898:
893:
889:
886:
884:
880:
873:
872:
867:
863:
860:
854:
853:
848:
844:
841:
839:
835:
832:
829:
827:
824:
820:
817:
813:
809:
802:
798:
793:
787:
784:
782:
779:
777:
774:
772:
769:
767:
764:
762:
759:
757:
754:
752:
749:
747:
746:wound healing
744:
742:
739:
737:
734:
733:
731:
728:
727:
721:
718:
716:
713:
711:
708:
706:
703:
701:
698:
696:
693:
691:
688:
686:
683:
681:
678:
676:
673:
672:
670:
667:
666:
660:
657:
655:
652:
650:
647:
645:
642:
640:
637:
635:
632:
630:
627:
625:
622:
620:
617:
615:
614:actin binding
612:
610:
607:
605:
602:
601:
599:
596:
595:
592:
591:Gene ontology
588:
584:
572:
567:
563:
556:
549:
544:
541:
539:
535:
527:
522:
511:
507:
503:
499:
495:
491:
487:
483:
479:
475:
474:
471:
467:
462:
459:
449:
445:
441:
437:
433:
429:
425:
421:
417:
413:
412:
409:
405:
400:
397:
396:
393:
391:
387:
385:
384:
380:
379:
376:
374:
370:
366:
362:
358:
350:
345:
341:
337:
332:
322:
318:
311:
304:
298:
291:
283:
279:
275:
270:
266:
261:
257:
249:
244:
240:
236:
231:
221:
217:
210:
203:
197:
190:
186:
180:
176:
172:
167:
163:
158:
154:
150:
146:
142:
138:
134:
130:
126:
122:
118:
114:
106:
101:
94:
89:
84:
73:
71:
65:
60:
57:
56:
52:
49:
42:
38:
33:
29:
25:
20:
2521:
2517:
2489:
2485:
2456:
2452:
2416:
2412:
2373:
2369:
2330:
2326:
2279:
2276:Mamm. Genome
2275:
2250:
2246:
2210:
2207:J. Cell Biol
2206:
2167:
2164:J. Cell Biol
2163:
2132:
2128:
2097:
2093:
2065:(5): 345–9.
2062:
2058:
2037:
2033:
2006:
2002:
1943:
1939:
1929:
1894:
1890:
1880:
1845:
1841:
1791:
1787:
1733:
1729:
1719:
1682:
1678:
1668:
1633:
1629:
1579:
1575:
1565:
1523:
1519:
1512:
1488:(3): 500–4.
1485:
1481:
1471:
1462:
1453:
1444:
1435:
1361:
1340:
1329:
1317:
1308:gastrulation
1261:
1211:
1186:
1170:cytoskeletal
1159:
1151:
1143:
1142:
1067:
1046:
1019:NM_001199137
1015:NM_001199136
1012:
994:NM_001394062
983:
959:
940:
914:
895:
869:
850:
830:
825:
705:cytoskeleton
388:
381:
347:123,684,360
334:123,349,633
108:External IDs
67:
2486:J. Cell Sci
2247:J. Cell Sci
1679:J. Cell Sci
1370:is active,
1193:microtubule
1178:microtubule
690:microtubule
629:RNA binding
246:39,487,177
233:39,081,316
86:Identifiers
2558:Categories
2518:Proteomics
2413:Genome Res
2327:Genome Res
1702:2440/41876
1430:, May 2017
1409:, May 2017
1386:References
1218:C-terminal
1214:N-terminal
488:right lung
422:right lung
392:(ortholog)
129:HomoloGene
2284:CiteSeerX
1891:Genes Dev
1482:FEBS Lett
1300:brachyury
1284:β-catenin
1208:Structure
1049:NP_036222
1023:NM_009600
990:NM_033044
986:NM_012090
816:Orthologs
710:cytoplasm
137:GeneCards
2538:16097034
2508:16076900
2473:15265687
2443:15231748
2392:14636561
2357:12421765
2306:11845288
2267:11112700
2237:10747097
2194:10601340
2151:10574462
2116:10559237
2025:12168954
1980:20937854
1921:16815997
1872:18854161
1818:21295697
1760:21295692
1711:12376554
1652:14636561
1606:22748381
1540:10529403
1426:–
1405:–
1351:Frizzled
1304:mesoderm
1253:Function
1162:spectrin
1116:Wikidata
795:Sources:
685:membrane
2574:Plakins
2400:5249501
2314:8121128
2228:2175090
2185:2168091
2129:DNA Res
2081:9455484
2059:DNA Res
2046:1074709
2003:DNA Res
1971:2972954
1948:Bibcode
1912:1522081
1863:2703712
1809:3050560
1751:3929416
1660:5249501
1597:3408562
1504:7635207
1428:Ensembl
1407:Ensembl
1272:foregut
1223:tubulin
1148:protein
928:UniProt
883:Ensembl
822:Species
801:QuickGO
367:pattern
93:Aliases
2546:895879
2544:
2536:
2506:
2471:
2441:
2434:442148
2431:
2398:
2390:
2355:
2348:187542
2345:
2312:
2304:
2286:
2265:
2235:
2225:
2192:
2182:
2149:
2114:
2079:
2044:
2023:
1978:
1968:
1919:
1909:
1870:
1860:
1816:
1806:
1758:
1748:
1709:
1658:
1650:
1604:
1594:
1538:
1502:
1380:kinase
1376:CLASP2
1290:, and
1247:ATPase
1231:CLASP2
1229:, and
1227:CLASP1
1102:search
1100:PubMed
961:Q9QXZ0
942:Q9UPN3
838:Entrez
538:BioGPS
225:1p34.3
133:136220
125:108559
117:608271
2542:S2CID
2396:S2CID
2310:S2CID
1656:S2CID
1368:GSK3β
1364:ErbB2
1347:cdc42
1332:GSK3β
1288:GSK3β
1243:GSK3β
1197:actin
1174:actin
1152:MACF1
1146:is a
871:11426
852:23499
831:Mouse
826:Human
797:Amigo
390:Mouse
383:Human
330:Start
265:Mouse
229:Start
162:Human
141:MACF1
100:MACF1
22:MACF1
2534:PMID
2504:PMID
2469:PMID
2439:PMID
2388:PMID
2370:Cell
2353:PMID
2302:PMID
2263:PMID
2233:PMID
2190:PMID
2147:PMID
2112:PMID
2077:PMID
2042:PMID
2021:PMID
1976:PMID
1940:PNAS
1917:PMID
1868:PMID
1842:Cell
1814:PMID
1788:Cell
1756:PMID
1730:Cell
1707:PMID
1648:PMID
1630:Cell
1602:PMID
1536:PMID
1500:PMID
1374:and
1280:axin
1195:and
1164:and
1155:gene
373:Bgee
321:Band
282:Chr.
220:Band
179:Chr.
113:OMIM
70:4Z6G
51:RCSB
48:PDBe
2526:doi
2494:doi
2490:118
2461:doi
2457:298
2429:PMC
2421:doi
2378:doi
2374:115
2343:PMC
2335:doi
2294:doi
2255:doi
2251:114
2223:PMC
2215:doi
2211:149
2180:PMC
2172:doi
2168:147
2137:doi
2102:doi
2098:274
2067:doi
2011:doi
1966:PMC
1956:doi
1944:107
1907:PMC
1899:doi
1858:PMC
1850:doi
1846:135
1804:PMC
1796:doi
1792:144
1746:PMC
1738:doi
1734:144
1697:hdl
1687:doi
1683:115
1638:doi
1634:115
1592:PMC
1584:doi
1528:doi
1524:264
1490:doi
1486:368
1372:APC
1292:APC
1069:n/a
343:End
242:End
145:OMA
121:MGI
41:PDB
2560::
2540:.
2532:.
2520:.
2502:.
2488:.
2484:.
2467:.
2455:.
2437:.
2427:.
2417:14
2415:.
2411:.
2394:.
2386:.
2372:.
2368:.
2351:.
2341:.
2331:12
2329:.
2325:.
2308:.
2300:.
2292:.
2280:12
2278:.
2261:.
2249:.
2231:.
2221:.
2209:.
2205:.
2188:.
2178:.
2166:.
2162:.
2145:.
2131:.
2127:.
2110:.
2096:.
2092:.
2075:.
2061:.
2057:.
2038:66
2036:.
2019:.
2005:.
2001:.
1974:.
1964:.
1954:.
1942:.
1938:.
1915:.
1905:.
1895:20
1893:.
1889:.
1866:.
1856:.
1844:.
1840:.
1826:^
1812:.
1802:.
1790:.
1786:.
1768:^
1754:.
1744:.
1732:.
1728:.
1705:.
1695:.
1681:.
1677:.
1654:.
1646:.
1632:.
1628:.
1614:^
1600:.
1590:.
1580:22
1578:.
1574:.
1548:^
1534:.
1522:.
1498:.
1484:.
1480:.
1461:.
1443:.
1414:^
1393:^
1286:,
1282:,
1184:.
1157:.
799:/
349:bp
336:bp
248:bp
235:bp
143:;
139::
135:;
131::
127:;
123::
119:;
115::
2548:.
2528::
2522:5
2510:.
2496::
2475:.
2463::
2445:.
2423::
2402:.
2380::
2359:.
2337::
2316:.
2296::
2269:.
2257::
2239:.
2217::
2196:.
2174::
2153:.
2139::
2133:6
2118:.
2104::
2083:.
2069::
2063:4
2048:.
2027:.
2013::
2007:9
1982:.
1958::
1950::
1923:.
1901::
1874:.
1852::
1820:.
1798::
1762:.
1740::
1713:.
1699::
1689::
1662:.
1640::
1608:.
1586::
1559:.
1542:.
1530::
1506:.
1492::
1465:.
1447:.
1176:-
267:)
164:)
147::
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
