2763:
48:
79:
148:
490:
86:
1592:
The city had a population of 22,989 in the 1994 census. The gender makeup was 54.3% male 45.7% female. There were 4,871 housing units and 3,862 households. According to Ma'an
Municipality, Ma'an's population was estimated as being about 50,000 as of 2007. The majority of the city's inhabitants are
529:
Ma'an was divided into two distinct quarters since the
Umayyad period: Ma'an al-Shamiyya and Ma'an al-Hijaziyya. The latter served as the main town, while the former was a small neighborhood inhabited by Syrians from the north. The city continued to be a major town on the Hajj pilgrimage route and
796:
deployed and Ma'an was placed under curfew and had its phone lines cut. Hussein arrived in the city afterward to meet with army units and local tribal leaders in order to placate the city. He stated the "riots" were an insult to the country, that foreign "infiltrators" provoked the protests and
384:
a wide array of presents including a white mule and gold. When the
Byzantine authorities learned of his conversion he was ordered to repent his new religion, but refused. Consequently, the Byzantine emperor ordered his imprisonment and subsequent execution by crucifixion. In retaliation the
692:
of al-Karak offered the
Ottoman authorities his full services. Al-Karak was deemed more suitable as district capital due to its larger population, proximity to Palestine and the established relationships between the Majali notables of the city and the authorities in Damascus and Istanbul.
578:
wrote the level of economic interdependence between the two groups was unlike anywhere else in Syria's desert regions. As a testament to their relationship of mutual trust, Ma'an's inhabitants were able to bargain down or withhold payment of the
716:, all under the command of Behjet Pasha. This important Ottoman military base and communications hub was under 5-day siege by the Arab Northern Army during the Battle of Maan, 13–17 April 1918. Though failing to capture the city, the
542:. In addition to provisions, Ma'an's outward caravan was dominated by the sale of livestock, particularly camels for transport and sheep for ritual sacrifice. The incoming caravan was a buyer's market for goods coming from across the
823:
article about IS sympathies in Ma'an stated that the governorate is "a reputed hotbed of unrest, known for high crime rates, low employment and anti-government sentiment," and noted the presence of pro-IS graffiti in the city.
747:. He addressed the French colonization of Syria by stating to Ma'an's residents "The colonialist has come to you to rob you of the three graces: faith, freedom and masculinity." Following the British capture of the area during
501:
Because of its geographic isolation from the rest of Syria and a low frequency of travelers (with the exception of Mecca-bound pilgrims), the history of Ma'an was the least well-documented of the
Transjordanian districts of
1588:
s survey in 1932. By 1956 Ma'an's population reached 4,500 and in 1973 it was 9,500. Ma'an has now 75000 with 5 large tribes (Kreshan, Shamiah, Bazaia, Hararah, Fanatsah). In 1961, the population of Maan was 6,643 persons.
594:
During the late 19th century, there were numerous attempts by the
Ottoman authorities to elevate Ma'an's political status at over al-Karak, although most attempts failed or were short-lived. In 1868 the Ottoman governor of
2282:
1628:
with reduced income taxes, no other taxes (including taxes on income from exports), and streamlined regulatory procedures. Construction of the MDA's industrial park began in 2008 and is set to be completed in 2030. The
417:
described it as "a small town on the border of the desert." He claimed that most of its inhabitants belonged the
Umayyad family or their clients even though by that time the Umayyads had been overthrown by the
353:, between the 2nd and 4th century BCE. The site was located on a major trade route and was settled by Minaean traders and merchants. Local tradition has it that the city was named after "Ma'an", the son of
1612:
is the only university in Ma'an, it offers a range of 38 undergraduate degrees, these being across the disciplines of engineering, arts, science, business administration, archaeology, education and
788:
were flown by some protesters. Jordanian
Special Forces and police attempted to quell the protests, resulting in the death of a demonstrator and the injury of 25 people, including police officers.
762:
A railway building at Ma'an station was used by
Abdullah I as the site of the first government of the Kingdom of Jordan. It is now called the Ma'an Palace and is depicted on the reverse of the 5
47:
696:
Between 1897 and 1899, two primary schools for boys and a secondary school were founded by the
Ottomans in Ma'an. In 1902 the Ma'an train station connected the city to Damascus and Medina.
654:
to serve as a buffer against a potential British invasion of Syria. This effort failed, although a new proposal in 1886 would see Ma'an serve as the capital of a district including the
566:." The townspeople's relationship with Bedouin was also unique. While most Transjordanian towns had uneasy relationships with the nomadic tribes to whom they paid regular tribute (
2286:
755:
was established in 1922 and included Transjordan which was semi-autonomous from British administration in Palestine. Ma'an was annexed to the Transjordanian state in 1925. The
2818:
2054:
2342:
2113:
2197:
426:
district (today southern Jordan) and "travelers were well received." A market was organized in the city where pilgrims could store their unessential possessions.
846:), with hot summers and mild to cold winters due to its high altitude (above 1000 meters). Rainfall is extremely rare with an average of 44 mm a year only.
546:. Ma'an's culture was highly influenced by its role on the Hajj route and unlike many other desert towns, most of its residents were literate and many served as
2538:
684:. Governor Osman Nuri Pasha's goal in this respect was to establish a government center in southern Transjordan to "avoid the alienation of the people." Sultan
449:
pilgrimage route to Mecca still passed through the town which also contained a resting station. By the end of the 13th-century Syria's new rulers, the
784:
In 1998 a large demonstration in Ma'an protesting the threat of an American attack against Iraq turned into a miniature uprising. The flags of
506:—at least until direct rule was attempted in the late 19th century. The Ottomans annexed Transjordan in 1517 and in 1559, during the tenure of
2167:
2382:
808:
1702:
110:
827:
In December 2022, demonstrations against high fuel prices that broke out in Ma'an; one policeman was killed in the ensuing violence.
773:
started in Ma'an, in protest against government cuts to food subsidies. The protests left eight dead and dozens injured, and spurred
2531:
2506:
2486:
2462:
2438:
1967:
2272:. General Census of Population and Housing of Jordan 1994. Department of Statistics of Jordan. 1994-10-12. Retrieved on 2012-02-24.
1630:
840:
600:
1609:
688:
approved the plan in 1892. However, the establishment of the new sanjak was delayed and eventually scrapped after the leading
2265:
2251:
2247:
325:
period—the modern city is just northwest of the ancient town. The city is an important transport hub situated on the ancient
78:
1721:
2524:
2343:"SHAMS MA'AN LAUNCHES PRODUCTION PHASE OF THE LARGEST ELECTRICITY GENERATION PROJECT USING PHOTOVOLTAIC CELLS IN JORDAN"
321:. Its population was approximately 41,055 in 2015. Civilizations with the name of Ma'an have existed at least since the
797:
stressed Ma'an's importance in Jordanian history, referring to the city as "Ma'an the origin" and "Ma'an the history."
2686:
2193:
2079:
326:
2416:
793:
2692:
819:
559:
507:
458:
265:
2142:
1690:
511:
2779:
2722:
770:
643:
reformer, who argued the administrative expenses of having Ma'an as district capital would not be feasible.
2734:
2476:
2372:
1801:
1786:
1565:
299:
160:
2496:
2395:
First Census of Population and Housing. Volume I: Final Tables; General Characteristics of the Population
712:, the Turkish army fortified Maan with 6000 infantry, a regiment of cavalry and mounted infantry, and an
2644:
2452:
1625:
752:
354:
17:
646:
Following the British occupation of Egypt, Ottoman politicians began serious initiatives to form a new
538:, from where supplies were brought to Ma'an for resale to pilgrims. Provisions were also imported from
2680:
2572:
2368:
1653:
728:
373:
318:
253:
165:
2716:
376:. In the early 7th century, the Christian governor of Ma'an, Farwa ibn Amr al-Judhami, converted to
2740:
2674:
2547:
2428:
2393:
1944:
1642:
836:
789:
575:
330:
243:
2698:
2662:
2638:
2656:
2000:
1580:
In 1845 Ma'an al-Hijaziyya had a population of 200 households and Ma'an al-Shamiyya 20 families.
740:
535:
2762:
2728:
2626:
1674:, ambassador of Jordan to Kuwait (1987–90), Austria (1991–93), U.A.E (1997–99), India (2001–05)
2502:
2482:
2458:
2434:
2378:
1963:
1513:
1466:
1418:
530:
its economy was entirely dependent on it. Its principal trade partner was the coastal city of
419:
406:
1914:
1893:
1889:
1846:
1813:
562:
noted that the people of Ma'an "considered their town an advanced post to the sacred city of
2752:
2704:
2620:
1992:
736:
616:
361:
2412:
Palestine Under the Moslems: A Description of Syria and the Holy Land from A.D. 650 to 1500
2218:
1960:
Lawrence of Arabia's War: The Arabs, the British and the Remaking of the Middle East in WWI
2269:
1665:
763:
705:
519:
434:
430:
290:
2410:
2317:
1584:
estimated its population to be around 3,000 in 1912 and the same number was recorded in
2406:
1671:
438:
394:
365:
2812:
2424:
2118:
1937:
1581:
1253:
813:
778:
717:
685:
596:
503:
494:
450:
442:
53:
526:
tribe. Since then, the Ottomans had struggled to maintain full control of the area.
2746:
2668:
2472:
2448:
1677:
1594:
785:
774:
756:
636:
543:
466:
2263:
Population (by Sex), Number of Households, Housing Units and Buildings by Locality
2262:
1698:
1616:. It also offers postgraduate diplomas in education and in higher administration.
522:
in 1656, although Ottoman troops were later routed as a result of a revolt by the
619:. Four years later, Governor Abdulletif Subhi Pasha proposed that Ma'an become a
518:). The governor of Damascus put down a revolt by Ma'an and other cities in south
2602:
2590:
748:
732:
709:
677:
650:
out of Damascus Vilayet that would combine the districts of Ma'an, al-Balqa and
584:
555:
470:
369:
65:
413:, Ma'an entered a period of relative prosperity. In 951 the Persian geographer
2710:
2501:. Museum With No Frontiers. Arab Institute for Research and Publishing. 2000.
1996:
1694:
1659:
523:
2794:
2781:
125:
112:
2596:
2584:
724:
713:
681:
651:
531:
510:, the Ottomans built a fort in Ma'an to safeguard the pilgrimage route (see
489:
423:
410:
238:
2632:
2608:
2578:
2478:
Frontiers of the State in the Late Ottoman Empire: Transjordan, 1850-1921
801:
640:
632:
588:
469:") that included a "market for provisions" and a hostel. Muslim traveler
454:
414:
381:
342:
322:
453:, designated Ma'an and its surroundings as one of four districts of the
2004:
1613:
853:
Climate data for Ma'an, Jordan (1961–1990 normals, extremes 1923–1993)
659:
628:
624:
583:
during tough economic years. The major tribes around the city were the
571:
551:
2516:
2614:
2283:"Jordan: largest cities and towns and statistics of their population"
2143:"Fade to black: Jordanian city Ma'an copes with Islamic State threat"
1598:
744:
689:
664:
611:
563:
539:
390:
386:
310:
153:
1701:, with details including photos (pp. 40-42) and floor plan (p. 37);
461:, during that time period, it grew to become a "small city", with a
2226:
Baseline climate means (1961-1990) from stations all over the world
2168:"Police officer killed in Jordan as anger over fuel prices spreads"
631:. This proposal was popular with much of the Ottoman government in
731:
arrived in Ma'an in with several hundred fighters mostly from the
673:
605:
488:
478:
474:
377:
350:
314:
194:
570:), Ma'an's residents and the Bedouin enjoyed positive relations.
547:
446:
422:. Istakhri further noted that Ma'an served as a fortress in the
346:
2520:
2454:
Village, steppe and state: the social origins of modern Jordan
1943:. Garden City: Doubleday, Doran & Company, Inc. pp.
800:
Ma'an was the site of clashes between the Jordanian army and
2430:
Colonial Effects: The Making of National Identity in Jordan
635:, but was ultimately rejected after strong opposition from
2246:
Government of Jordan, Department of Statistics, 1964, pp.
473:
noted Ma'an was "the last place in Syria" before reaching
1983:
Porath, Y. (1984). "Abdallah's Greater Syria Programme".
278:
52:
A pre-1920 photograph of the train station in Ma'an. The
313:, 218 kilometres (135 mi) southwest of the capital
2392:
Government of Jordan, Department of Statistics (1964).
1962:. New Haven: Yale University Press. pp. 389–593.
1624:
Ma'an is home to the Ma'an Development Area (MDA), a
364:
era in Syria, Ma'an was part of the territory of the
304:
274:
264:
250:
237:
229:
224:
216:
208:
203:
192:
184:
179:
171:
159:
141:
28:
1936:
804:groups in 2002 after the death of a US diplomat.
2198:National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
759:had an armored car regiment based in the city.
2532:
2374:The International Standard Bible Encyclopedia
8:
2318:Where to Invest? Jordan's Enabling Platforms
2055:"5 Jordanian Dinars banknote (Ma'an Palace)"
1884:
1882:
1880:
1796:
1794:
807:The city has been described as a "hotbed of
603:, succeeded in designating Ma'an as its own
437:rule, Ma'an was a mostly ruined town in the
372:who served as vassals for the Byzantines in
2555:
2539:
2525:
2517:
1870:
1868:
1866:
1856:
1854:
849:
433:visited in the early 13th century, during
25:
2194:"Ma'an Airport Climate Normals 1961–1990"
1823:
1821:
1763:
1761:
1759:
1757:
345:(known as "Ma'in" in Arabic), an ancient
1713:
273:
263:
236:
223:
202:
178:
170:
140:
105:
71:
60:
44:
2114:"Jihad and vandalism: Save our stones"
2080:"Jordan's Revolt Is Against Austerity"
1738:
1736:
1734:
1727:. Department of Population Statistics.
2819:Populated places in Ma'an Governorate
2498:The Umayyads: the rise of Islamic art
1699:article about the "Syrian Hajj route"
249:
228:
215:
207:
191:
183:
158:
7:
2228:(in German). Deutscher Wetterdienst
735:tribe in an attempt to restore the
515:
294:
2219:"Klimatafel von Ma'an / Jordanien"
1693:, the Ottoman (16th c.) fortified
317:. It serves as the capital of the
14:
2323:(Report). Jordan Investment Board
1742:Museum With No Frontiers, p. 203.
445:(Islamic province of Syria.) The
212:7.5 km (2.9 sq mi)
85:
23:City in Ma'an Governorate, Jordan
2761:
2285:. Worldgazetteer. Archived from
220:100 km (40 sq mi)
146:
84:
77:
46:
2345:. Shams Ma'an. October 10, 2016
2141:Su, Alice (September 2, 2014).
2078:Cowell, Alan (April 21, 1989).
1610:Al-Hussein Bin Talal University
1568:(extremes, humidity 1973-1993)
777:to dismiss his prime minister,
2481:. Cambridge University Press.
2377:. Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing.
609:(subdistrict) of the al-Balqa
550:or religious advisers for the
1:
2433:. Columbia University Press.
1680:(1914-2001), military figure.
1631:Shams Ma'an Solar Power Plant
841:Köppen climate classification
623:that would include al-Karak,
753:British Mandate of Palestine
1722:"The General Census - 2015"
1326:Average precipitation days
1112:Mean daily minimum °C (°F)
972:Mean daily maximum °C (°F)
668:(subdistricts smaller than
305:
56:is still operational today.
2837:
2457:. British Academic Press.
2417:Palestine Exploration Fund
1888:Rogan and Tell, 1994, pp.
1563:
1558:
852:
739:in Damascus following its
15:
2759:
2567:
2558:
2554:
1997:10.1080/00263208408700579
1913:Rogan and Tell, 1994, p.
1845:Rogan and Tell, 1994, p.
1812:Rogan and Tell, 1994, p.
1511:
1464:
1416:
1372:
1325:
1251:
1181:
1111:
1041:
971:
901:
896:
893:
890:
887:
884:
881:
878:
875:
872:
869:
866:
863:
860:
857:
497:, showing Sanjak of Ma'an
341:Ma'an was founded by the
106:
72:
61:
45:
38:
1649:Former diplomat worker.
720:southwards was wrecked.
560:Johann Ludwig Burckhardt
508:Suleiman the Magnificent
309:) is a city in southern
172:Municipality established
1958:Faulkner, Neil (2016).
1939:Seven Pillars of Wisdom
1935:Lawrence, T.E. (1935).
1668:, former Prime Minister
1662:, former mayor of Amman
1656:, Deputy Prime Minister
1633:is located in the MDA.
771:1989 Jordanian protests
457:province. According to
429:When Syrian geographer
329:and also on the modern
2451:; Tell, Tariq (1994).
1985:Middle Eastern Studies
1836:Shoup, probably p. 16.
1800:Le Strange (1890), p.
1566:Deutscher Wetterdienst
498:
393:, sent an army led by
279:http://www.maan.gov.jo
1785:Le Strange, 1890, p.
1626:special economic zone
492:
252: • Summer (
64:Capital of the Great
18:Maan (disambiguation)
2573:Sulaymaniyya Takiyya
2103:Massad, pp. 273-274.
902:Record high °C (°F)
615:(district), part of
554:tribes in the area.
409:took control of the
16:For other uses, see
2791: /
2548:Ottoman hajj routes
2415:. Committee of the
2174:. December 16, 2022
1373:Average snowy days
1182:Record low °C (°F)
1042:Daily mean °C (°F)
837:cold desert climate
576:Georg August Wallin
122: /
2795:30.1933°N 35.733°E
2268:2012-01-17 at the
499:
397:to conquer Ma'an.
217: • Metro
126:30.1933°N 35.733°E
98:Location in Jordan
2774:
2773:
2770:
2769:
2384:978-0-8028-3785-1
2059:Leftover Currency
1751:Bromiley, p. 362.
1572:
1571:
1514:possible sunshine
1419:relative humidity
420:Abbasid Caliphate
319:Ma'an Governorate
303:
284:
283:
230: • City
209: • City
185: • Type
166:Ma'an Governorate
2826:
2806:
2805:
2803:
2802:
2801:
2796:
2792:
2789:
2788:
2787:
2784:
2765:
2556:
2541:
2534:
2527:
2518:
2512:
2492:
2468:
2444:
2420:
2402:
2400:
2388:
2355:
2354:
2352:
2350:
2339:
2333:
2332:
2330:
2328:
2322:
2313:
2307:
2304:
2298:
2297:
2295:
2294:
2279:
2273:
2260:
2254:
2244:
2238:
2237:
2235:
2233:
2223:
2215:
2209:
2208:
2206:
2204:
2190:
2184:
2183:
2181:
2179:
2164:
2158:
2157:
2155:
2153:
2138:
2132:
2131:
2129:
2127:
2110:
2104:
2101:
2095:
2094:
2092:
2090:
2075:
2069:
2068:
2066:
2065:
2051:
2045:
2042:
2036:
2033:
2027:
2024:
2018:
2015:
2009:
2008:
1980:
1974:
1973:
1955:
1949:
1948:
1942:
1932:
1926:
1923:
1917:
1911:
1905:
1902:
1896:
1886:
1875:
1872:
1861:
1858:
1849:
1843:
1837:
1834:
1828:
1825:
1816:
1810:
1804:
1798:
1789:
1783:
1777:
1774:
1768:
1765:
1752:
1749:
1743:
1740:
1729:
1728:
1726:
1718:
1329:
850:
737:Sharifian throne
658:of al-Karak and
617:Damascus Vilayet
516:"External links"
349:people based in
308:
298:
296:
257:
152:
150:
149:
137:
136:
134:
133:
132:
127:
123:
120:
119:
118:
115:
88:
87:
81:
50:
26:
2836:
2835:
2829:
2828:
2827:
2825:
2824:
2823:
2809:
2808:
2800:30.1933; 35.733
2799:
2797:
2793:
2790:
2785:
2782:
2780:
2778:
2777:
2775:
2766:
2757:
2563:
2550:
2545:
2515:
2509:
2495:
2489:
2471:
2465:
2447:
2441:
2423:
2405:
2398:
2391:
2385:
2367:
2363:
2358:
2348:
2346:
2341:
2340:
2336:
2326:
2324:
2320:
2315:
2314:
2310:
2305:
2301:
2292:
2290:
2281:
2280:
2276:
2270:Wayback Machine
2261:
2257:
2245:
2241:
2231:
2229:
2221:
2217:
2216:
2212:
2202:
2200:
2192:
2191:
2187:
2177:
2175:
2166:
2165:
2161:
2151:
2149:
2140:
2139:
2135:
2125:
2123:
2112:
2111:
2107:
2102:
2098:
2088:
2086:
2077:
2076:
2072:
2063:
2061:
2053:
2052:
2048:
2044:Massad, p. 186.
2043:
2039:
2034:
2030:
2025:
2021:
2017:Massad, p. 103.
2016:
2012:
1982:
1981:
1977:
1970:
1957:
1956:
1952:
1934:
1933:
1929:
1924:
1920:
1912:
1908:
1903:
1899:
1887:
1878:
1873:
1864:
1859:
1852:
1844:
1840:
1835:
1831:
1826:
1819:
1811:
1807:
1799:
1792:
1784:
1780:
1776:UNESCO, p. 184.
1775:
1771:
1766:
1755:
1750:
1746:
1741:
1732:
1724:
1720:
1719:
1715:
1711:
1703:floor plan only
1691:Qal'at al-Ma'an
1687:
1666:Bahjat Talhouni
1654:Talal Abu Tayeh
1639:
1622:
1607:
1578:
1573:
1559:Source 1: NOAA
1327:
1320:
1315:
1310:
1305:
1300:
1295:
1290:
1285:
1280:
1275:
1270:
1265:
1260:
1246:
1241:
1236:
1231:
1226:
1221:
1216:
1211:
1206:
1201:
1196:
1191:
1186:
1176:
1171:
1166:
1161:
1156:
1151:
1146:
1141:
1136:
1131:
1126:
1121:
1116:
1106:
1101:
1096:
1091:
1086:
1081:
1076:
1071:
1066:
1061:
1056:
1051:
1046:
1036:
1031:
1026:
1021:
1016:
1011:
1006:
1001:
996:
991:
986:
981:
976:
966:
961:
956:
951:
946:
941:
936:
931:
926:
921:
916:
911:
906:
833:
764:Jordanian dinar
706:Battle of Aqaba
702:
520:Damascus Eyalet
512:Qal'at al-Ma'an
487:
431:Yaqut al-Hamawi
403:
339:
251:
147:
145:
131:30.1933; 35.733
130:
128:
124:
121:
116:
113:
111:
109:
108:
102:
101:
100:
99:
96:
95:
94:
93:
89:
68:
62:Nickname:
57:
41:
34:
31:
24:
21:
12:
11:
5:
2834:
2833:
2830:
2822:
2821:
2811:
2810:
2772:
2771:
2768:
2767:
2760:
2758:
2756:
2755:
2749:
2743:
2737:
2731:
2725:
2719:
2717:Bir al-Ghannam
2713:
2707:
2701:
2695:
2689:
2683:
2677:
2671:
2665:
2659:
2653:
2647:
2641:
2635:
2629:
2623:
2617:
2611:
2605:
2599:
2593:
2587:
2581:
2575:
2568:
2565:
2564:
2559:
2552:
2551:
2546:
2544:
2543:
2536:
2529:
2521:
2514:
2513:
2507:
2493:
2487:
2469:
2463:
2445:
2439:
2421:
2407:Le Strange, G.
2403:
2389:
2383:
2369:Bromiley, G.W.
2364:
2362:
2359:
2357:
2356:
2334:
2316:Elias Farraj.
2308:
2299:
2274:
2255:
2239:
2210:
2185:
2159:
2133:
2122:. 13 June 2015
2105:
2096:
2084:New York Times
2070:
2046:
2037:
2035:Massad, p. 56.
2028:
2026:Massad, p. 89.
2019:
2010:
1991:(2): 172–189.
1975:
1968:
1950:
1927:
1925:Rogan, p. 154.
1918:
1906:
1904:Rogan, p. 190.
1897:
1876:
1862:
1850:
1838:
1829:
1817:
1805:
1790:
1778:
1769:
1753:
1744:
1730:
1712:
1710:
1707:
1706:
1705:
1686:
1685:External links
1683:
1682:
1681:
1675:
1672:Nabil Talhouni
1669:
1663:
1657:
1647:
1646:
1638:
1637:Notable people
1635:
1621:
1618:
1606:
1603:
1577:
1574:
1570:
1569:
1561:
1560:
1556:
1555:
1552:
1549:
1546:
1543:
1540:
1537:
1534:
1531:
1528:
1525:
1522:
1519:
1516:
1509:
1508:
1505:
1502:
1499:
1496:
1493:
1490:
1487:
1484:
1481:
1478:
1475:
1472:
1469:
1467:sunshine hours
1462:
1461:
1458:
1455:
1452:
1449:
1446:
1443:
1440:
1437:
1434:
1431:
1428:
1425:
1422:
1414:
1413:
1410:
1407:
1404:
1401:
1398:
1395:
1392:
1389:
1386:
1383:
1380:
1377:
1374:
1370:
1369:
1366:
1363:
1360:
1357:
1354:
1351:
1348:
1345:
1342:
1339:
1336:
1333:
1330:
1323:
1322:
1317:
1312:
1307:
1302:
1297:
1292:
1287:
1282:
1277:
1272:
1267:
1262:
1257:
1249:
1248:
1243:
1238:
1233:
1228:
1223:
1218:
1213:
1208:
1203:
1198:
1193:
1188:
1183:
1179:
1178:
1173:
1168:
1163:
1158:
1153:
1148:
1143:
1138:
1133:
1128:
1123:
1118:
1113:
1109:
1108:
1103:
1098:
1093:
1088:
1083:
1078:
1073:
1068:
1063:
1058:
1053:
1048:
1043:
1039:
1038:
1033:
1028:
1023:
1018:
1013:
1008:
1003:
998:
993:
988:
983:
978:
973:
969:
968:
963:
958:
953:
948:
943:
938:
933:
928:
923:
918:
913:
908:
903:
899:
898:
895:
892:
889:
886:
883:
880:
877:
874:
871:
868:
865:
862:
859:
855:
854:
848:
832:
829:
794:Jordanian Army
704:Following the
701:
698:
486:
483:
475:Aqaba as-Sawan
402:
399:
395:Usama ibn Zayd
366:Arab Christian
338:
335:
331:Desert Highway
327:King's Highway
282:
281:
276:
272:
271:
268:
262:
261:
258:
248:
247:
241:
235:
234:
231:
227:
226:
222:
221:
218:
214:
213:
210:
206:
205:
201:
200:
199:Akram Kreishan
197:
190:
189:
186:
182:
181:
177:
176:
173:
169:
168:
163:
157:
156:
143:
139:
138:
104:
103:
97:
91:
90:
83:
82:
76:
75:
74:
73:
70:
69:
63:
59:
58:
51:
43:
42:
39:
36:
35:
32:
29:
22:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2832:
2831:
2820:
2817:
2816:
2814:
2807:
2804:
2764:
2754:
2750:
2748:
2744:
2742:
2738:
2736:
2732:
2730:
2726:
2724:
2720:
2718:
2714:
2712:
2708:
2706:
2705:Mada'in Saleh
2702:
2700:
2696:
2694:
2690:
2688:
2684:
2682:
2678:
2676:
2672:
2670:
2666:
2664:
2660:
2658:
2654:
2652:
2648:
2646:
2642:
2640:
2636:
2634:
2630:
2628:
2624:
2622:
2618:
2616:
2612:
2610:
2606:
2604:
2600:
2598:
2594:
2592:
2588:
2586:
2582:
2580:
2576:
2574:
2570:
2569:
2566:
2562:
2557:
2553:
2549:
2542:
2537:
2535:
2530:
2528:
2523:
2522:
2519:
2510:
2508:1-874044-35-X
2504:
2500:
2499:
2494:
2490:
2488:0-521-89223-6
2484:
2480:
2479:
2474:
2470:
2466:
2464:1-85043-829-3
2460:
2456:
2455:
2450:
2446:
2442:
2440:0-231-12323-X
2436:
2432:
2431:
2426:
2422:
2418:
2414:
2413:
2408:
2404:
2397:
2396:
2390:
2386:
2380:
2376:
2375:
2370:
2366:
2365:
2360:
2344:
2338:
2335:
2319:
2312:
2309:
2303:
2300:
2289:on 2007-10-01
2288:
2284:
2278:
2275:
2271:
2267:
2264:
2259:
2256:
2253:
2249:
2243:
2240:
2227:
2220:
2214:
2211:
2199:
2195:
2189:
2186:
2173:
2169:
2163:
2160:
2148:
2144:
2137:
2134:
2121:
2120:
2119:The Economist
2115:
2109:
2106:
2100:
2097:
2085:
2081:
2074:
2071:
2060:
2056:
2050:
2047:
2041:
2038:
2032:
2029:
2023:
2020:
2014:
2011:
2006:
2002:
1998:
1994:
1990:
1986:
1979:
1976:
1971:
1969:9780300226393
1965:
1961:
1954:
1951:
1946:
1941:
1940:
1931:
1928:
1922:
1919:
1916:
1910:
1907:
1901:
1898:
1895:
1891:
1885:
1883:
1881:
1877:
1874:Rogan, p. 35.
1871:
1869:
1867:
1863:
1860:Rogan, p. 34.
1857:
1855:
1851:
1848:
1842:
1839:
1833:
1830:
1827:Rogan, p. 33.
1824:
1822:
1818:
1815:
1809:
1806:
1803:
1797:
1795:
1791:
1788:
1782:
1779:
1773:
1770:
1767:Gibb, p. 897.
1764:
1762:
1760:
1758:
1754:
1748:
1745:
1739:
1737:
1735:
1731:
1723:
1717:
1714:
1708:
1704:
1700:
1696:
1692:
1689:
1688:
1684:
1679:
1676:
1673:
1670:
1667:
1664:
1661:
1658:
1655:
1652:
1651:
1650:
1644:
1643:jaser Almaani
1641:
1640:
1636:
1634:
1632:
1627:
1619:
1617:
1615:
1611:
1604:
1602:
1600:
1596:
1595:Sunni Muslims
1590:
1587:
1583:
1582:Karl Baedeker
1575:
1567:
1562:
1557:
1553:
1550:
1547:
1544:
1541:
1538:
1535:
1532:
1529:
1526:
1523:
1520:
1517:
1515:
1510:
1506:
1503:
1500:
1497:
1494:
1491:
1488:
1485:
1482:
1479:
1476:
1473:
1470:
1468:
1465:Mean monthly
1463:
1459:
1456:
1453:
1450:
1447:
1444:
1441:
1438:
1435:
1432:
1429:
1426:
1423:
1420:
1415:
1411:
1408:
1405:
1402:
1399:
1396:
1393:
1390:
1387:
1384:
1381:
1378:
1375:
1371:
1367:
1364:
1361:
1358:
1355:
1352:
1349:
1346:
1343:
1340:
1337:
1334:
1331:
1324:
1318:
1313:
1308:
1303:
1298:
1293:
1288:
1283:
1278:
1273:
1268:
1263:
1258:
1255:
1254:precipitation
1250:
1244:
1239:
1234:
1229:
1224:
1219:
1214:
1209:
1204:
1199:
1194:
1189:
1184:
1180:
1174:
1169:
1164:
1159:
1154:
1149:
1144:
1139:
1134:
1129:
1124:
1119:
1114:
1110:
1104:
1099:
1094:
1089:
1084:
1079:
1074:
1069:
1064:
1059:
1054:
1049:
1044:
1040:
1034:
1029:
1024:
1019:
1014:
1009:
1004:
999:
994:
989:
984:
979:
974:
970:
964:
959:
954:
949:
944:
939:
934:
929:
924:
919:
914:
909:
904:
900:
856:
851:
847:
845:
842:
838:
830:
828:
825:
822:
821:
816:
815:
814:The Economist
810:
805:
803:
798:
795:
791:
787:
782:
780:
779:Zaid Al-Rifai
776:
772:
767:
765:
760:
758:
754:
750:
746:
742:
738:
734:
730:
726:
723:In 1920, The
721:
719:
718:Hejaz railway
715:
711:
707:
699:
697:
694:
691:
687:
686:Abdulhamid II
683:
679:
675:
671:
667:
666:
661:
657:
653:
649:
644:
642:
638:
634:
630:
626:
622:
618:
614:
613:
608:
607:
602:
598:
592:
590:
586:
582:
577:
573:
569:
565:
561:
557:
553:
549:
545:
541:
537:
533:
527:
525:
521:
517:
513:
509:
505:
504:Ottoman Syria
496:
495:Ottoman Syria
491:
484:
482:
480:
476:
472:
468:
464:
460:
456:
452:
451:Bahri Mamluks
448:
444:
443:Bilad al-Sham
440:
436:
432:
427:
425:
421:
416:
412:
408:
400:
398:
396:
392:
388:
383:
379:
375:
371:
367:
363:
358:
356:
352:
348:
344:
336:
334:
332:
328:
324:
320:
316:
312:
307:
301:
292:
288:
280:
277:
269:
267:
259:
255:
245:
242:
240:
232:
219:
211:
198:
196:
193: •
187:
174:
167:
164:
162:
155:
144:
135:
107:Coordinates:
80:
67:
55:
54:Hejaz Railway
49:
37:
27:
19:
2776:
2747:Wadi al-Qura
2699:Dar al-Hamra
2681:Qalandariyya
2669:Dhat al-Hajj
2650:
2621:Birkat Zizia
2561:Syrian route
2560:
2497:
2477:
2453:
2429:
2411:
2394:
2373:
2361:Bibliography
2347:. Retrieved
2337:
2325:. Retrieved
2311:
2306:Rogan, p.37.
2302:
2291:. Retrieved
2287:the original
2277:
2258:
2242:
2232:February 14,
2230:. Retrieved
2225:
2213:
2201:. Retrieved
2188:
2176:. Retrieved
2171:
2162:
2150:. Retrieved
2146:
2136:
2124:. Retrieved
2117:
2108:
2099:
2087:. Retrieved
2083:
2073:
2062:. Retrieved
2058:
2049:
2040:
2031:
2022:
2013:
1988:
1984:
1978:
1959:
1953:
1938:
1930:
1921:
1909:
1900:
1841:
1832:
1808:
1781:
1772:
1747:
1716:
1678:Habis Majali
1648:
1645:(1947-2007),
1623:
1608:
1591:
1585:
1579:
1576:Demographics
1256:mm (inches)
843:
835:Ma'an has a
834:
826:
818:
812:
811:support" by
806:
799:
790:King Hussein
786:Saudi Arabia
783:
775:King Hussein
768:
761:
757:British Army
722:
703:
695:
669:
663:
655:
647:
645:
639:, a leading
637:Midhat Pasha
620:
610:
604:
601:Rashid Pasha
593:
580:
567:
544:Muslim world
534:in southern
528:
500:
485:Ottoman rule
467:caravanserai
462:
441:district of
428:
404:
359:
340:
286:
285:
188:Municipality
2798: /
2687:al-Ukhaydir
2591:Khan Dannun
2203:14 February
2178:January 20,
2152:January 19,
2089:January 19,
1586:Guide Bleu'
749:World War I
710:Arab Revolt
708:during the
678:Bani Hamida
471:Ibn Batutah
459:al-Dimashqi
401:Islamic era
374:Transjordan
370:Banu Judham
360:During the
161:Governorate
129: /
66:Arab Revolt
2741:Nakhlatayn
2425:Massad, J.
2293:2011-03-29
2172:Al Jazeera
2147:Al Jazeera
2064:2019-07-01
1709:References
1660:Omar Maani
1564:Source 2:
1328:(≥ 1.0 mm)
820:Al Jazeera
729:Abdullah I
700:Modern era
524:Banu Tamim
225:Population
180:Government
33:مدينة معان
2783:30°11.6′N
2663:Mudawwara
2597:Ghabaghib
2473:Rogan, E.
2449:Rogan, E.
1605:Education
817:. A 2014
741:overthrow
725:Hashemite
714:aerodrome
682:Wadi Musa
652:Jerusalem
574:explorer
558:traveler
536:Palestine
411:Caliphate
405:When the
389:state in
380:and sent
368:tribe of
362:Byzantine
300:romanized
266:Area code
239:Time zone
114:30°11.6′N
2813:Category
2723:Zumurrud
2693:Mu'azzam
2609:Muzayrib
2603:Sanamayn
2475:(2002).
2427:(2001).
2409:(1890).
2371:(2007).
2266:Archived
1601:school.
1512:Percent
1507:3,509.9
1417:Average
1252:Average
967:(108.5)
947:(104.0)
942:(108.1)
937:(108.0)
932:(108.5)
927:(103.3)
922:(102.7)
802:Islamist
792:had the
733:'Utaybah
662:and the
641:Tanzimat
633:Istanbul
589:Huwaytat
587:and the
585:'Anizzah
455:al-Karak
415:Istakhri
407:Umayyads
382:Muhammad
343:Minaeans
323:Nabatean
2786:35°44′E
2735:Hadiyya
2711:Al-'Ula
2657:Fassu'a
2645:Unayzah
2633:Qatrana
2126:14 June
2005:4282995
1945:519-520
1620:Economy
1614:nursing
1597:of the
1321:(1.68)
1316:(0.30)
1311:(0.17)
1306:(0.15)
1301:(0.01)
1281:(0.08)
1276:(0.14)
1271:(0.27)
1266:(0.29)
1261:(0.28)
1247:(16.9)
1242:(20.3)
1237:(26.6)
1232:(37.9)
1227:(45.3)
1222:(54.0)
1217:(50.0)
1212:(47.3)
1207:(39.9)
1202:(29.5)
1197:(21.9)
1192:(16.9)
1187:(20.1)
1177:(49.8)
1172:(37.4)
1167:(44.2)
1162:(53.1)
1157:(59.7)
1152:(63.0)
1147:(63.0)
1142:(60.1)
1137:(55.4)
1132:(49.1)
1127:(41.5)
1122:(37.0)
1117:(34.9)
1107:(63.1)
1102:(48.2)
1097:(56.3)
1092:(67.1)
1087:(74.8)
1082:(78.1)
1077:(77.9)
1072:(75.2)
1067:(69.4)
1062:(62.4)
1057:(54.0)
1052:(48.4)
1047:(45.5)
1037:(76.5)
1032:(59.2)
1027:(68.5)
1022:(81.0)
1017:(90.1)
1012:(93.4)
1007:(93.0)
1002:(90.3)
997:(83.7)
992:(75.6)
987:(66.2)
982:(59.7)
977:(56.1)
962:(82.4)
957:(88.5)
952:(97.0)
917:(92.1)
912:(87.1)
907:(81.9)
831:Climate
665:nahiyas
660:Tafilah
648:vilayet
629:al-Jawf
625:as-Salt
572:Finnish
552:Bedouin
493:Map of
477:in the
435:Ayyubid
337:History
302::
275:Website
270:+(962)3
142:Country
117:35°44′E
2753:Hafira
2729:Sawrah
2615:Mafraq
2579:Maydan
2505:
2485:
2461:
2437:
2381:
2327:May 4,
2003:
1966:
1599:Hanafi
1504:223.2
1501:246.0
1498:291.4
1495:318.0
1492:365.8
1489:384.4
1486:369.0
1483:322.4
1480:270.0
1477:263.5
1474:226.8
1471:229.4
1296:(0.0)
1291:(0.0)
1286:(0.0)
858:Month
766:note.
751:, the
745:France
690:sheikh
621:sanjak
612:sanjak
581:khuwwa
568:khuwwa
564:Medina
540:Hebron
424:Sharat
391:Medina
387:Muslim
311:Jordan
291:Arabic
233:41,055
154:Jordan
151:
2675:Tabuk
2651:Ma'an
2627:Dab'a
2585:Kiswa
2399:(PDF)
2349:4 May
2321:(PDF)
2222:(PDF)
2001:JSTOR
1725:(PDF)
1697:: in
897:Year
727:emir
674:Amman
672:) of
670:kazas
656:kazas
597:Syria
556:Swiss
548:imams
479:Hejaz
439:Balqa
378:Islam
351:Yemen
315:Amman
306:Maʿān
295:مَعان
287:Ma'an
195:Mayor
92:Ma'an
30:Ma'an
2751:31.
2745:30.
2739:29.
2733:28.
2727:27.
2721:26.
2715:25.
2709:24.
2703:23.
2697:22.
2691:21.
2685:20.
2679:19.
2673:18.
2667:17.
2661:16.
2655:15.
2649:14.
2643:13.
2639:Hasa
2637:12.
2631:11.
2625:10.
2503:ISBN
2483:ISBN
2459:ISBN
2435:ISBN
2379:ISBN
2351:2018
2329:2018
2234:2016
2205:2016
2180:2023
2154:2023
2128:2015
2091:2023
1964:ISBN
1695:khan
1421:(%)
1412:1.5
1409:0.2
1406:0.0
1403:0.0
1400:0.0
1397:0.0
1394:0.0
1391:0.0
1388:0.0
1385:0.0
1382:0.3
1379:0.4
1376:0.6
1368:9.3
1365:1.8
1362:0.7
1359:0.6
1356:0.1
1353:0.0
1350:0.0
1347:0.0
1344:0.3
1341:0.8
1338:1.7
1335:1.4
1332:1.9
1319:42.7
1245:−8.4
1240:−6.5
1235:−3.0
1220:12.2
1215:10.0
1200:−1.4
1195:−5.6
1190:−8.4
1185:−6.6
1160:11.7
1155:15.4
1150:17.2
1145:17.2
1140:15.6
1135:13.0
1105:17.3
1095:13.5
1090:19.5
1085:23.8
1080:25.6
1075:25.5
1070:24.0
1065:20.8
1060:16.9
1055:12.2
1035:24.7
1030:15.1
1025:20.3
1020:27.2
1015:32.3
1010:34.1
1005:33.9
1000:32.4
995:28.7
990:24.2
985:19.0
980:15.4
975:13.4
965:42.5
960:28.0
955:31.4
950:36.1
945:40.0
940:42.3
935:42.2
930:42.5
925:39.6
920:39.3
915:33.4
910:30.6
905:27.7
894:Dec
891:Nov
888:Oct
885:Sep
882:Aug
879:Jul
876:Jun
873:May
870:Apr
867:Mar
864:Feb
861:Jan
769:The
680:and
627:and
606:kaza
532:Gaza
463:khan
447:Hajj
347:Arab
204:Area
175:1898
40:City
2619:9.
2613:8.
2607:7.
2601:6.
2595:5.
2589:4.
2583:3.
2577:2.
2571:1.
1993:doi
1802:509
1787:508
1554:80
1551:71
1548:78
1545:84
1542:87
1539:90
1536:90
1533:88
1530:77
1527:71
1524:72
1521:74
1518:72
1460:49
1457:63
1454:55
1451:47
1448:43
1445:42
1442:41
1439:39
1436:39
1433:44
1430:52
1427:59
1424:62
1314:7.5
1309:4.3
1304:3.8
1299:0.2
1294:0.0
1289:0.0
1284:0.0
1279:2.0
1274:3.6
1269:6.9
1264:7.3
1259:7.1
1230:3.3
1225:7.4
1210:8.5
1205:4.4
1175:9.9
1170:3.0
1165:6.8
1130:9.5
1125:5.3
1120:2.8
1115:1.6
1100:9.0
1050:9.1
1045:7.5
844:BWk
743:by
514:at
355:Lot
254:DST
244:GMT
2815::
2252:13
2250:,
2224:.
2196:.
2170:.
2145:.
2116:.
2082:.
2057:.
1999:.
1989:20
1987:.
1915:43
1894:42
1890:41
1879:^
1865:^
1853:^
1847:26
1820:^
1814:17
1793:^
1756:^
1733:^
809:IS
781:.
676:,
599:,
591:.
481:.
465:("
357:.
333:.
297:,
293::
260:+3
246:+2
2540:e
2533:t
2526:v
2511:.
2491:.
2467:.
2443:.
2419:.
2401:.
2387:.
2353:.
2331:.
2296:.
2248:6
2236:.
2207:.
2182:.
2156:.
2130:.
2093:.
2067:.
2007:.
1995::
1972:.
1947:.
1892:-
839:(
289:(
256:)
20:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
