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history. Playing a pivotal role in
Macquarie's town plan for Windsor, the Macquarie Arms Hotel is the most substantial building to form part of Thompson Square, the best Georgian town square on mainland Australia. The building contains numerous rare and aesthetically superior elements, and continues to be widely recognised for its importance to the understanding of settlement, urban design, and architecture during the colonial period, while its historic associations carry strong cultural messages of the period's society and government. It has been long established by art and architectural historians, and has a prominent place in the contemporary social life of Windsor.
278:. Under Macquarie's influence the colony prospered. His vision was for a free community for white colonists, working in conjunction with the penal colony. He implemented an unrivalled public works program, completing 265 public buildings, establishing new public amenities and improving existing services such as roads. Under his leadership Hawkesbury district thrived. He visited the district on his first tour and recorded in his journal on 6/12/1810: "After dinner I chrestened the new townships...I gave the name of Windsor to the town intended to be erected in the district of the Green Hills...the township in the
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316:"A large and commodious House having been some time since erected, and lately completed, at a very considerable expense, in the Town of Windsor, for an Inn; and a suitable person having been engaged by the Proprietor for keeping the same, Notice is hereby given, that the said Inn, called "The Macquarie Arms", and kept by Thomas Ranson, who formerly was an Innkeeper in England, will be opened for the accommodation of the Public on Monday the 31st of this present Month of July".
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The
Macquarie Arms Hotel is closely associated with a number of significant social and political figures in the Hawkesbury District during the period of its early development. The building of the hotel was an express condition by Governor Macquarie of his grant of a large allotment of land to Richard
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Opened in 1815 and constructed by emancipist
Richard Fitzgerald in response to specific directions from Governor Macquarie, the Macquarie Arms Hotel is of exceptional significance as the most sophisticated and most intact major commercial building dating to the pre-1820 colonial period of Australia's
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The allotment of land - and subsequently the situation of the hotel - was in
Thompson Square, named by Governor Macquarie in honour of Andrew Thompson Esqr, Justice of the Peace and Principal Magistrate of the district, and reputed as the father or founder of Green Hills. Andrew Thompson had arrived
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In marking out the towns of
Windsor and Richmond in 1810, Governor Macquarie was acting on instructions from London. All of the Governors who held office between 1789 and 1822, from Phillip to Brisbane, received the same Letter of Instruction regarding the disposal of the "waste lands of the Crown"
362:, but the glass in the one facing George Street has unfortunately been painted over. The one opening onto Thompson Square can still be seen in its original state. The hotel retains its well designed cedar joinery, its cedar circular staircase, its extensive stone flagged cellars, its turned wooden
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of thirty acres to Samuel Wilcox, who named it Wilcox Farm. It is likely that land clearance and agricultural activities as well as some building works took place during this period and during the subsequent of occupation. It was incorporated into a larger holding of 1500 acres known as
Peninsula
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after Baron
Hawkesbury. This region played a significant role in the early development of the colony with European settlers established here by 1794. Situated on fertile floodplains and well known for its abundant agriculture, Green Hills (as it was originally called) supported the colony through
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Fitzgerald appears to have retired from public office in the 1820s. The 1828 census lists him as the possessor of 2000 acres of land, and in conjunction with his farming pursuits, he remained active in local affairs and was elected president of the
Hawkesbury Benevolent Society which managed the
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Richard
Fitzgerald, who promptly built the hotel in accordance with Governor Macquarie's specifications, had arrived as a convict in New South Wales in 1791. By 1800 Fitzgerald had been appointed by Governor Hunter as superintendent of agriculture in Toongabbie, and in 1810 Governor Macquarie
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From 1872 to 1900 it was once again run as a hotel by the
Bushell family. It continues to be run as a hotel to the present day. Its central position in Windsor and its early date and interesting associations make The Macquarie Arms a colonial building of some importance.
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The early character of the architecture of the building was somewhat belied around the 1930s by the addition of box-like protuberances to the corners of the building. The upstairs verandah has also been added and some upstairs windows replaced by
339:. He had proved himself a good farmer in the cultivation of his 1794 grant of 190 acres. Richard Fitzgerald and his family lived in a house alongside the Macquarie Arms Hotel in George Street, Windsor.
327:"I gave Mr. Fitzgerald a large allotment in the square on the express condition of his building immediately thereon a handsome commodious inn of brick or stone and to be at least two stories high..".
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Macquarie also appointed local men in positions of authority. In 1810 a group of settlers sent a letter to him congratulating him on his leadership and improvements. It was published in the
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Richard Fitzgerald, who built the Macquarie Arms Inn, had arrived in New South Wales in 1791 as a convict, as had Andrew Thompson, whose name is remembered in Thompson Square. In 1800
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The hotel was occupied in the late 1830s by army officers stationed at Windsor and it became known as the Mess House and referred to as such in Armstrong's map of the town (1842).
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The hotel, also known as the Royal Hotel, was envisioned by Governor Macquarie following his tour of the district in 1811. Governor Macquarie wrote about the event in his diary:-
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Fitzgerald. The hotel was built to specific requirements made by Governor Macquarie that the inn be handsome, commodious, of brick or stone and to be at least two stories high.
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The hotel is a building of generous proportions, with sandstock brick walls, stuccoed over and painted white. It has two large Georgian doorways with semi-circular traceried
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with his reply. He was "much pleased with the sentiments" of the letter and assured them that the Hawkesbury would "always be an object of the greatest interest" to him.
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that Britain claimed as her own. This included directives for the formation of towns and thus the extension of British civilisation to its Antipodean outpost.
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The place has a strong or special association with a person, or group of persons, of importance of cultural or natural history of New South Wales's history.
377:. Most of the attic windows in the roof were also added then. Despite the alterations, the building still possesses a great deal of its former atmosphere.
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Richard Fitzgerald and his family lived in a house alongside the Macquarie Arms in George Street, Windsor. His son, Robert, married Elizabeth Rouse of
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In 1794, a broader area in modern-day Windsor including the hotel site was first alienated for European purposes in a grant made by
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desperate times. However, frequent flooding meant that the farmers along the riverbanks were often ruined.
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district I have named Richmond..." the district reminded Macquarie of those towns in England, whilst
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explored the local area in search of suitable agricultural land in 1789 and discovered and named the
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published by the State of New South Wales (Department of Planning and Environment) 2018 under
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in 1841, and in 1843 stood for the first partly elected parliament in New South Wales against
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Text is licensed by State of New South Wales (Department of Planning and Environment) under
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Morris, C., & Britton, G./NSW National Trust (for the Heritage Council of NSW) (2000).
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qualifies it as a key area for food resources for indigenous groups. The Dharug and
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people called the river Deerubbin and it was a vital source of food and transport.
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On 15 July 1815, the Sydney Gazette carried the following public notice:
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were named after English statesmen. These are often referred to as
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The hotel is located in the Thompson Square Conservation Area.
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The hotel was opened two weeks later by Governor Macquarie.
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people prior to European colonisation. The proximity to the
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Colonial Landscapes of the Cumberland Plain and Camden, NSW
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on 2 April 1999 having satisfied the following criteria.
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This Knowledge (XXG) article was originally based on
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Nichols, Michelle (Local Studies Librarian) (2010).
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Location of Macquarie Arms Hotel in New South Wales
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394:New South Wales State Heritage Register
392:Macquarie Arms Hotel was listed on the
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1188:Commercial buildings completed in 1815
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267:Farm in the early nineteenth century.
609:Macquarie and the Hawkesbury District
472:List of oldest companies in Australia
232:The lower Hawkesbury was home to the
216:, Australia. It is also known as the
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35:Macquarie Arms Hotel, Windsor
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653:, entry number 00041 in the
589:Attraction Homepage (2007).
750:Captain Cook, Millers Point
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1109:New South Wales portal
1017:Shipwright's Arms, Balmain
369:, and its stone flagging.
272:Governor Lachlan Macquarie
1173:Hotels in New South Wales
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1132:Category: Pubs in Sydney
740:Bourbon & Beefsteak
252:Governor Arthur Phillip
591:"Macquarie Arms Hotel"
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296:Macquarie's Five Towns
220:. It was added to the
122:state heritage (built)
880:Royal Oak, Rouse Hill
755:Carlisle Castle Hotel
598:Baker, Helen (1967).
421:hospital at Windsor.
409:in NSW as a convict.
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1121:Australia portal
1097:Companies portal
815:Macquarie Arms Hotel
651:Macquarie Arms Hotel
198:Macquarie Arms Hotel
82:33.6048°S 150.8228°E
24:Macquarie Arms Hotel
890:Sir William Wallace
697:Current and former
270:On 1 January 1810,
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875:Royal Oak, Balmain
830:Metropolitan Hotel
800:Jacksons on George
210:City of Hawkesbury
135:Reference no.
87:-33.6048; 150.8228
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224:on 2 April 1999.
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555:. Retrieved
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130:2 April 1999
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1142:WikiProject
900:White Horse
885:Sandringham
810:Lord Nelson
765:Dundee Arms
640:Attribution
350:Description
292:Wilberforce
284:Castlereagh
242:South Creek
218:Royal Hotel
85: /
73:150°49′22″E
61:Coordinates
56:, Australia
1157:Categories
825:Mercantile
820:Marble Bar
478:References
426:Rouse Hill
415:Government
360:sidelights
337:Toongabbie
246:Darkinjung
154:Commercial
127:Designated
70:33°36′17″S
1052:White Bay
1045:Volunteer
860:Riverview
805:Hotel CBD
735:Bald Rock
711:Australia
659:CC-BY 4.0
626:cite book
570:CC-BY 4.0
356:fanlights
288:Pitt Town
274:replaced
1010:New York
989:Hopetoun
954:Exchange
855:Palisade
850:Oriental
840:Observer
780:Glenmore
770:Dry Dock
725:Arthouse
553:. H00041
436:See also
364:verandah
280:Richmond
151:Category
41:Location
982:Gresham
865:Russell
718:Current
662:licence
573:licence
367:columns
228:History
206:Windsor
46:Windsor
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968:George
919:Albion
910:Former
895:Sussex
845:Orient
760:Dick's
703:Sydney
557:1 June
234:Dharug
1003:Kings
975:Grand
933:Beach
146:Hotel
1038:Star
996:Kent
699:pubs
632:link
559:2018
358:and
290:and
240:and
143:Type
119:Type
926:ASN
701:in
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
