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immensity of a woman's tits. I'm not saying that all
American men are this way, but nine out of ten are breast-fixated, wham-bam-thank-you-ma'am cretins who just don't give a damn about anyone's gratification but their own. If you're talking about intellectual and social equality for women, we're not much better off. We're just beginning to break the ice. America is still very much a male-dominated society. Most American men feel threatened sexually unless they're taller than the female, more intellectual, better educated, better paid and higher placed statuswise in the business world. They've got to be the authority, the final word. They say they're looking for a girl just like the girl who married dear old dad, but what they really want, and usually get, is an empty-headed little chick who's very young and very physical — and very submissive. Well, I just can't see either a man or a woman in a dependency position, because from this sort of relationship flows a feeling of superiority on one side and inferiority on the other, and that's a form of slow poison. As I see it, men wouldn't want somebody inferior to them unless they felt inadequate themselves. They're intimidated by a mature woman.
1367:(FCC) in 1974. The purpose of the proposal was to prevent organizations from making religious broadcasts on stations licensed for educational use. False rumors spread that O'Hair was a proponent of RM-2493, and that its intent was to ban the broadcast of religious services, and the reading of the Bible over the airwaves. The FCC's denial of RM-2493 in 1975, and O'Hair's later disappearance and murder, did little to stem the spread of the legend, which still claimed years later that O'Hair was pushing an active FCC proposal. Subsequent iterations of the rumor included allegations that O'Hair was campaigning to remove Christmas programs and songs from public schools and "office buildings". Other variations mentioned specific religious leaders who were supposedly being targeted for removal from the airwaves, or stated that the television series
1270:) had all been stolen. A group of thieves from San Antonio who were operating in that area had gained keys to the type of lock which had been used by Waters' girlfriend. In the course of their activities, the thieves had come across the locker, used a key to open it, and found the suitcase full of gold coins. They returned to San Antonio, and with the help of friends, they exchanged the gold coins for cash. The thieves and friends went to Las Vegas for a weekend. All but one coin, which had been given as a pendant gift to an aunt, were spent by these thieves. That last coin was recovered by the FBI after a Memorial Day 1999 public appeal.
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log of all religious exercises and references to religion for the next two weeks, saying, "Well, if they'll keep us from going to Russia where there is some freedom, we'll just have to change
America." After the two weeks, and after her request that William be allowed to leave class during prayer times was denied by school authorities, she pulled him out of school and proceeded to file a lawsuit against the Baltimore Public School System, naming William as plaintiff. She said that its practices of mandatory prayer and required reading of the Bible were unconstitutional. The US Supreme Court upheld her position by a ruling in 1963.
1190:, and interviewed. Having served the last 30 years in prison for kidnapping a judge's daughter, Karr would not talk. He had his rights read to him and he asked for permission to listen to the information which was being discussed. Karr then decided to talk and implicated Waters in the deaths of Murray and the other two O'Hairs. Karr signed an affidavit and drew a map so that the police could find the bodies. Karr was arrested and taken to jail for possession of two firearms. He was held in
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because he did not want to serve time for his earlier theft conviction in Texas state prison. He did not go on trial for the kidnapping and murder of the three members of the O'Hair family. He was also ordered to pay back a total of $ 543,665 to
American Atheists and the estates of Madalyn Murray O'Hair, Jon Garth Murray, and Robin Murray O'Hair. It is unlikely that any part of these debts were ever paid, because Waters was not able to earn any money while he was in prison. Waters died of
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1177:, along with the police, concluded that Waters and his accomplices (Gary Paul Karr and Danny Fry)) had kidnapped all three Murray/O'Hair family members, forced them to withdraw the missing funds, gone on several shopping sprees with their money and credit cards, and killed and dismembered all three. A few days after O'Hair and her son and granddaughter were killed, Waters and Karr killed Fry. His body was found on a
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947:'s 1984 presidential campaign. She was regularly invited to appear on TV talk shows as a guest. Her second son Garth Murray officially succeeded her as president of the American Atheists, but she was said to retain most of the power. Some chapters seceded from the main group at the time. But as of 2007, American Atheists continued as an active organization with a growing membership.
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theft of the money – along with his previous crimes. O'Hair claimed that, at the age of 17, Waters had killed another teenager and had been sentenced to eight years in prison. When the authorities finally pursued the Waters connection in 1999, Waters' former girlfriend, Patty
Steffens, confirmed that Waters had vowed violent revenge after reading O'Hair's article.
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A search warrant was executed on the apartment of Waters and his girlfriend. The search revealed ammunition of various calibers; Waters, a convicted felon, was not allowed this material and he was arrested, while the contents of his apartment were seized. At the same time, Gary Karr was contacted in
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In 1995, Waters and his girlfriend had put the gold coins, which he and his accomplices had extorted from the O'Hairs, in an unsecured storage locker which had been rented by the girlfriend. It only had a cheap padlock. Waters had taken some of the coins and for a few days, he partied with Gary Karr
1209:, and interstate transportation of stolen property: all charges related to the O'Hair case. He was acquitted of conspiring to kidnap the O'Hairs, because the authorities had failed to locate any bodies. In August 2000, Karr was sentenced to two life terms in prison by U.S. District Judge Sam Sparks.
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Until
September 27, American Atheists employees received several mobile calls from Robin and Jon, but neither explained why they had left or when they would return; employees reported that their voices sounded strained and disturbed. After September 28, no further communication came from any of the
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with a violent history who had started working for
American Atheists in 1993. In May 1995, Waters had pleaded guilty to stealing $ 54,000 from the organization in 1994. When Waters received a lenient sentence, O'Hair published an article in the American Atheists newsletter in which she exposed the
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neighborhood. Soon after, Madalyn accompanied
William to their neighbourhood school, Woodbourne Junior High School, to re-enroll William for freshman classes. Madalyn was unhappy to see students, after the recitation of the Pledge of Allegiance, engaging in prayer. She instructed William to keep a
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On August 27, 1995, O'Hair, her son Jon Garth Murray, and her granddaughter Robin Murray O'Hair disappeared from their home and office. A typewritten note was attached to the locked office door, saying "The Murray O'Hair family has been called out of town on an emergency basis. We do not know how
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was, substantially, cleared of Jews, but that was primarily through emigration. The high death rate, from starvation, in the camps during the last months of the war was due largely to the "Allied extermination policies." Perhaps that is why the United States continues to send Israel $ 6 billion a
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meetings and asked him to attend so he could, as quoted from
Madalyn, "learn the 'truth' about capitalism." William also claimed that Madalyn, who denied being a communist, actually held secret meetings in their basement with her Communist Party comrades. She twice sought to defect to the Soviet
3155:"The anti-Madalyn majority: Secular left, religious right, and the rise of Reagan's America" (PhD dissertation, Yale University ProQuest Dissertations Publishing, 2004. 3125302) How political and religious enemies focused their attack on Madalyn Murray O'Hair. Sasse became a Republican Senator.
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Waters was arrested and prosecuted; in a
January 2001 plea agreement solely on the charge of conspiracy, he agreed to lead authorities to the site where the dismembered bodies of the O'Hairs had been burned and buried. He was sentenced to serve 20 years in federal prison, which he had requested,
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In the 1990s, American
Atheists staff consisted of O'Hair, her son Jon Garth Murray, Robin Murray O'Hair, and a handful of support personnel. William J. Murray was estranged from his mother, brother, and daughter. They had not met nor spoken for many years. The trio lived in O'Hair's large home,
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in 1980 and later a Baptist minister, publishing a memoir of his spiritual journey in 1982. Murray O'Hair commented, "One could call this a postnatal abortion on the part of a mother, I guess; I repudiate him entirely and completely for now and all times ... he is beyond human forgiveness."
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In 1965, Murray married U.S. Marine Richard O'Hair, and changed her surname. He had belonged to a Communist group in Detroit during the 1940s. During investigations of the 1950s, he gave more than 100 names of other members to the FBI. Later, he was investigated for falsely claiming to be an FBI
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that school-sponsored Bible reading in public schools in the United States was unconstitutional. This decision gradually resulted in the end of religious activities sponsored by public schools. Non-religious students had been expected to participate in such activities, and state-level policies
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they'll fix with faith — painlessly and for nothing." She said that she left Baltimore because of persecution from residents. She had received mail containing photos smeared with feces, her son Garth's pet kitten was killed, and her home was stoned. She said she thought such events were a
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The American male continues to use her sexually for one thing: a means to the end of his own ejaculation. It doesn't seem to occur to him that she might be a worthwhile end in herself, or to see to it that she has a proper sexual release. And, to him, sex appeal is directly proportional to the
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In a 1989 interview, O'Hair said "I told my kids I just want three words on my tombstone, if I have one. I'll probably be cremated. One is "woman." I'm very comfortable in that role. I've loved being a woman, I've loved being a mother, I've loved being a grandmother. I want three words: Woman,
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She filed several lawsuits challenging governmental practices, based on upholding and defining the constitutional separation of church and state. Among these was one against the city of Baltimore's policy of classifying the Catholic Church as a tax-exempt organization in terms of property.
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three. American Atheists was facing serious financial problems because of the withdrawal of funds, and membership dwindled in the face of an apparent scandal. There was speculation that the trio had disappeared in order to conceal its assets or avoid being contacted by creditors.
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1144:(due to the possibility of the O'Hairs having absconded with organizational funds), and the Dallas County Sheriff's Office (where Danny Fry's headless, limbless corpse was found in October 1995, but had been unidentifiable until February 1999). Bryce, William Murray,
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and president until 1986. She was the public voice and face of atheism in the United States during the 1960s and 1970s. Although her son Garth Murray succeeded her officially as president, she retained most of the power and decision making.
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in Austin. The head and hands of Danny Fry were also found at the site. Eventually, Bill Murray (as the closest surviving relative) was granted custody of the remains and buried them at an undisclosed location and (in accordance with his
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in 1963. The Court voted 8–1 in Schempp's favor, saying that mandatory public Bible readings by students were unconstitutional. Prayer in schools other than Bible-readings had been ruled as unconstitutional the year before by the Court in
348:. Initial speculation suggested the trio had absconded with hundreds of thousands of dollars from American Atheists coffers; in fact, the trio had been murdered by their former associates, and the bodies were not found until 2001.
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When Waters, under the plea agreement, led federal agents to the O'Hair's burial site on a Texas ranch, they discovered that the legs of all three of the victims had been cut off with a saw. The remains had suffered such extensive
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reporter John MacCormack, amongst others, felt that little official effort went into the investigation because the authorities preferred to believe that the theft and disappearance was simply an internal American Atheists matter.
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interview, O'Hair described numerous alleged incidents of harassment, intimidation, and death threats against her and her family. She read several letters she claimed to have received, including one that read (referring to the
488:, travelling there for the express purpose in 1960; on both occasions, the Soviets denied her entry. On their return from Paris, Murray and sons went to live with her mother, father, and brother, Irv, at their house in the
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in October 1995, but his head and hands were missing; as a result, his remains were not identified for three and a half years, when reporter MacCormack's own investigation led him to suggest that the body might be Fry's.
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officers who tried to retrieve her son William's girlfriend Susan from her house; she was a minor and had run away from home. Susan gave birth to William's daughter, whom she named Robin. Murray later adopted Robin.
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364:, on April 13, 1919, the daughter of Lena Christina (née Scholle) and John Irwin Mays. She had an older brother, John Irwin Jr. (known as "Irv"). Their father was of Scots-Irish ethnicity and their mother was of
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In 1999, nearly four years after the August 1995 disappearances, continued prodding and investigative leads from the various reporters finally led the official investigation to focus on David Roland Waters, a
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became falsely associated with the legend as well, purportedly leading opposition to the FCC petition. As of 2015, the FCC was still receiving dozens of correspondences relating to O'Hair every month.
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long we will be gone at the time of the writing of this memo." When police entered O'Hair's home, it looked as if they had left suddenly. The trio said in phone calls that they were on "business" in
1194:, awaiting trial. The weapon charge was dismissed, and Karr was transferred to the custody of the United States Marshals in Austin because he needed to be tried for the deaths of the O'Hairs.
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http://holtz.org/Library/Social%20Science/History/Atomic%20Age/The%20Murder%20of%20Madalyn%20Murray%20O'Hair%20America's%20Most%20Hated%20Woman%20by%20Lona%20Manning.htm
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beliefs) did not pray for the dead; however, some of those who were with him did pray for remaining family members and law enforcement officials who had worked on the case.
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magazine referred to her as "the most hated woman in America". Through American Atheists, O'Hair filed numerous other suits on issues of separation of church and state.
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Over and over again in the analysis of the situation, one compelling fact becomes clear. The Germans had nowhere near the train capacity to haul 6,000,000 people to
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was later consolidated with a similar one from Pennsylvania, when these reached the US Supreme Court on appeal. The Court ruled in 1963 (in
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on the road to Damascus), "May Jesus, who you so vigorously deny, change you into a Paul." O'Hair told the interviewer, "Isn't that lovely?
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lawsuit, which challenged the policy of mandatory prayers and Bible reading in Baltimore public schools, in which she named her first son
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In the same article, she claimed that "investigative and scholarly studies undertaken during the last fifty years", such as a book by
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1055:(1978) To have removed from the Texas constitution a provision requiring a belief in God of persons holding offices of public trust.
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Because of hostility in Baltimore against her family related to this case, Murray left Maryland with her sons in 1963 and moved to
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Courthouse in Florida, where other residents had installed a monument to religious ideals (in this case, a replica of the
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The good news for the Jews of the world is that they did not lose as many of "the clan" as they had thought they lost.
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in Austin in 1977, O'Hair continued to be a polarizing figure into the 1980s. She served as "chief speechwriter" for
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was between 1 and 1.5 million, adding, "his is a far cry from an alleged 6,000,000", then elaborating on this point:
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Saints and Sinners: Walker Railey, Jimmy Swaggart, Madalyn Murray O'Hair, Anton LaVey, Will Campbell, Matthew Fox
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591:. The case was rejected by the U.S. Supreme Court for lack of jurisdiction. The challenge had limited effect.
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Atheists in American politics: Social movement organizing from the nineteenth to the twenty-first centuries
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Cimino, Richard; Christopher Smith (2007). "Secular humanism and atheism beyond progressive secularism".
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testing and, in Madalyn O'Hair's case, by matching the serial number on a prosthetic hip to records from
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O'Hair filed numerous lawsuits in which she argued the separation of church and state had been breached.
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In 2013, the first atheist monument to be erected on American government property was unveiled at the
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and his former wife. When he returned to the locker, he discovered that the remaining gold coins (
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In June 2000, nearly a full five years after the murders, a three-week trial found Karr guilty of
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In 1941, Mays married John Henry Roths, a steelworker. They separated when they both enlisted for
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as part of an attempt to take over the publication, but the courts ruled against her ownership.
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readings at the city's public schools. She said her son's refusal to participate had resulted in
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2942:"I've received an e-mail about prayers and signatures needed to stop Petition 2493. Is it true?"
3002:"'The Most Hated Woman in America': Melissa Leo on the Murder of Atheist Madalyn Murray O'Hair"
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was threatened with cancellation because of the proposal. Evangelical Christian leader
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by classmates and that administrators condoned this behavior. After consolidation with
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1027:(who are Federal employees) during their spaceflights, spurred by a reading from the
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plus millions of others, the activity would have paralyzed their military operations.
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517:". Although the couple separated, they were legally married until his death in 1978.
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993:(1963) Challenged Bible reading and prayer recitation in Maryland public schools.
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In the article "The Shoah: hope springs eternal" in the August 1989 issue of the
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There was no investigation by the Austin Police Department. It was a total joke.
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All the Questions You Ever Wanted to Ask American Atheists With All the Answers
1037:(1977) Challenged the opening prayer at city council meetings in Austin, Texas.
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1140:(with whom American Atheists had a long-running dispute over taxes owed), the
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so that atheists could have equal time with religion on radio and television.
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In 1995, O'Hair, her son Garth, and her granddaughter Robin disappeared from
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2502:"Carter v. Broadlawns Medical Centre, 672 F. Supp. 1149 – CourtListener.com"
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Ungodly: The Passions, Torments, and Murder of Atheist Madalyn Murray O'Hair
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UnGodly: The Passions, Torments, and Murder of Atheist Madalyn Murray O'Hair
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331:(1962) on similar grounds. After she founded the American Atheists and won
272:; April 13, 1919 – September 29, 1995) was an American activist supporting
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Madalyn Murray O'Hair vs. Religious Broadcasting at urbanlegends.about.com
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2527:"Carter v. Broadlawns Medical Center, 667 F. Supp. 1269 (S.D. Iowa 1987)"
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804:, "the father of Holocaust denial", established that the total number of
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472:. William claimed that when he was still a child, Madalyn began hosting
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Ross E. Milloy, "Bodies Identified as Those of Missing Atheist and Kin"
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Atheist Primer: Did You Know All the Gods Came from the Same Place?
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in 1963. It identifies as "a nationwide movement which defends the
2893:"Atheists unveil monument in Florida and promise to build 50 more"
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displayed in the rotunda of the capitol building in Austin, Texas.
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2153:"The Murder of Madalyn Murray O'Hair: America's Most Hated Woman"
1136:. He noted that the investigation was being led by agents of the
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The San Antonio Express-News, Jan. 30, 2001 and March 31, 2001.
2477:"US District Court SD California: Jackson vs. Truth Seeker Inc"
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said at the time that they planned to build 50 more monuments.
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2330:"Madalyn Murray O'Hair Playboy Interview - Antitheist Atheist"
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1968 debate between Baptist minister Walter Martin and O'Hair
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O'Hair filed a number of other lawsuits: one was against the
380:. The family moved to Ohio, and in 1936, Mays graduated from
1602:"United States Social Security Death Index: Madalyn M Ohair"
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and served as its president until 1986, after which her son
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The evolution of atheism: The politics of a modern movement
3214:: An evening with Madalyn Murray O'Hair: 14 September 1977
1132:, even when they were contacted by O'Hair's estranged son
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agent. Their relationship has been described as "textbook
449:. On November 16, 1954, she gave birth to her second son,
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Constitutional Law for a Changing America: A Short Course
3270:(passed title to Jon Garth Murray in 1986, but remained
3064:. United States. Federal Bureau of Investigation. 2013.
2868:"First atheist monument on government property unveiled"
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Charles E. Stevens American Atheist Library and Archives
1205:, traveling interstate in order to commit violent acts,
2944:. Focus on the Family. October 31, 2011. Archived from
2708:"Bodies Identified as Those of Missing Atheist and Kin"
2253:
A Man On The Moon: The Voyages of the Apollo Astronauts
1949:
Icons of Unbelief: Atheists, Agnostics, and Secularists
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Why I Am an Atheist: Including a History of Materialism
1023:(1971) Challenged open readings from the Bible by U.S.
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worked in the same office, and took shared vacations.
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Religion from the Public School to the Public Square
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3136:Madalyn Murray O'Hair: Most Hated Woman in America
2839:Religion, Secularism, and Constitutional Democracy
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1992:Murray, William J. My Life without God. T. Nelson
1953:. Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood Press. p.
1433:All about Atheists (American Atheist Radio Series)
1086:Carter, et al. v Broadlawns Medical Center, et al.
2015:
2013:
782: and the labor provided was much needed by
520:In 1980, she publicly rejected her estranged son
2213:Dracos, Ted (2003). "The Family Dysfunctional".
868:public policy". She served as the group's first
1753:
1751:
1359:stemming from an erroneous characterization of
1043:(1978) Challenged the inclusion of the phrase "
826:
810:
769:
638:
288:succeeded her. She created the first issues of
3176:FBI Records: The Vault - Madalyn Murray O'Hair
2365:"Madalyn Murray O'Hair 1970 Short Film Part 6"
1324:Courthouse, Florida, showing a quote by O'Hair
1293:In 2012, a memorial brick for Murray, her son
1128:criticized the relative lack of action by the
453:, fathered by her boyfriend Michael Fiorillo.
2585:
2583:
1828:"Rossford HS Yearbook "Maroon and Gray" 1936"
585:National Aeronautics and Space Administration
8:
3480:Deaths by strangulation in the United States
2309:Atheist leader endorses Carter for President
1297:, and her granddaughter Robin was placed at
1237:that officials had to identify them through
602:because of Carter's opposition to mandatory
546:In 1960, Murray filed a lawsuit against the
3220:: America's Most Hated Woman Crime Magazine
2812:"People & Ideas: Madalyn Murray O'Hair"
1902:
1900:
962:In 1988, O'Hair produced several issues of
645:She also expressed her discontent with the
524:when he announced that he had converted to
3241:
2741:"Times Daily - Google News Archive Search"
2660:
2658:
2625:
2623:
2621:
2619:
2617:
2146:
2144:
2142:
2140:
2138:
2136:
2134:
2132:
2130:
2006:. Princeton University Press. p. 102.
477:Union, applying first in 1959 through the
368:ancestry. At the age of four, Madalyn was
317:(1963), it was heard by the United States
31:
20:
3370:20th-century American non-fiction writers
2841:. Columbia University Press. p. 230.
2208:
2206:
2204:
2124:. Associated Professional Services, 1965.
1859:
1857:
1855:
1853:
1851:
1849:
1336:). It is a 1,500-pound granite bench and
833:year as a gift; guilt has its obligation.
747:Learn how and when to remove this message
2920:"Petition to Ban Religious Broadcasting"
2837:Cohen, Jean L.; Laborde, Cecile (eds.).
1791:
1789:
1787:
1715:, 16 March 2001; accessed 12 August 2024
632:in 1965, O'Hair described herself as a "
3295:
2721:from the original on September 13, 2010
1593:
1408:, is loosely based on O'Hair's murder.
1355:O'Hair was incorporated into a popular
771:Although it is not generally reported,
196: 1965; died 1978)
2549:
2547:
1676:Van Biema, David (February 10, 1997).
1671:
1669:
1667:
1665:
1663:
1661:
1659:
1657:
683:Please improve this article by adding
3420:American magazine publishers (people)
2767:MacCormack, John (February 1, 2001).
2184:"The murdered atheist versus the FBI"
932:, which was carried on more than 140
610:in public schools, and his stance on
484:, and again at the Soviet Embassy in
264:
16:American atheist activist (1919–1995)
7:
3233:Interview with Madalyn Murray O'Hair
2151:Manning, Lona (September 29, 2003).
1941:(2008). "Madalyn Murray O'Hair". In
430:. She earned a law degree from the
3430:American people of Scottish descent
3365:20th-century American women writers
3274:President until both their murders)
3218:The Murder of Madalyn Murray O'Hair
2918:Mikkelson, Barbara (June 2, 2009).
2411:"Ilan Ramon's Jewish Space Odyssey"
1730:"Ancestry of Madalyn Murray O'Hair"
1583:List of solved missing person cases
1285:Abington School District v. Schempp
775:was simply, first, and foremost, a
565:Abington School District v. Schempp
548:Baltimore City Public School System
542:Abington School District v. Schempp
504:. She had allegedly assaulted five
403:. In April 1945, while posted to a
314:Abington School District v. Schempp
3530:Writers about religion and science
3385:American abortion-rights activists
3082:The Atheist: Madalyn Murray O'Hair
3062:Madalyn Murray O'Hair, Part 1 of 2
2854:"A Memorial Brick for the O'Hairs"
2705:Milloy, Ross E. (March 16, 2001).
2595:"Naked City: Written on the Body?"
2554:MacCormack, John (July 29, 1999).
2429:"The Case of the Missing Atheists"
2182:Bates, Stephen (October 7, 2003).
1799:The Atheist: Madalyn Murray O'Hair
1278:Murray's 1960 lawsuit against the
1065:facilities for the Pope to hold a
571:Supreme Court of the United States
14:
3515:South Texas College of Law alumni
3425:American people of German descent
3400:American Atheist Magazine editors
3360:1995 murders in the United States
3237:Texas Archive of the Moving Image
2872:The Independent Florida Alligator
2048:. Thomas Nelson. pp. 32, 41.
1365:Federal Communications Commission
1340:inscribed with quotes by O'Hair,
1001:Federal Communications Commission
3470:American critics of Christianity
3322:
3310:
3298:
3114:Murray, William Joseph (1992) .
3103:(Oxford University Press, 2015).
3000:Fallon, Kevin (March 21, 2017).
2974:Law & Order: Criminal Intent
2221:. New York: Free Press. p.
1912:"Madalyn Murray O'Hair timeline"
1405:Law & Order: Criminal Intent
928:. She hosted a television show,
905:catalyst for her father's fatal
860:of non-believers, works for the
661:
618:Atheist, Anarchist. That's me."
506:Baltimore City Police Department
311:as plaintiff. Consolidated with
170:
3465:American critics of creationism
3380:20th-century American essayists
2983:NBC Universal Television Studio
2283:"O'Hair v. Paine, 397 U.S. 531"
1547:O'Hair, Madalyn Murray (1991).
1528:O'Hair, Madalyn Murray (1972).
1450:O'Hair, Madalyn Murray (1978).
1431:O'Hair, Madalyn Murray (1988).
1425:Books by or about Murray O'Hair
1418:The Most Hated Woman in America
1179:riverbed in rural Dallas County
1142:Federal Bureau of Investigation
193:
166:
3495:American free speech activists
3253:President of American Atheists
890:conversion of Paul the Apostle
862:separation of church and state
468:who unabashedly supported the
278:separation of church and state
1:
3505:Missing person cases in Texas
2455:Alan Wolfe (April 12, 2004).
1631:Goeringer, Conrad F. (2006).
1150:reporter Valeri Williams and
1061:(1979) Challenged the use of
685:secondary or tertiary sources
569:the lawsuit was heard by the
356:Madalyn Mays was born in the
301:O'Hair is best known for the
3440:American socialist feminists
1765:. March 1989. Archived from
1530:What on Earth Is an Atheist!
1280:Baltimore City School System
1217:on January 27, 2003, at the
422:In 1949, Murray completed a
3525:Women's Army Corps soldiers
3405:American writers on atheism
2044:Murray, William J. (1982).
1759:"Woman, Atheist, Anarchist"
1726:Reitwiesner, William Addams
1490:Murray, William J. (1982).
1385:The December 2002 episode "
1078:(1980) To have removed the
647:women's liberation movement
3566:
3535:Writers from Austin, Texas
3435:American political writers
3415:American Holocaust deniers
3395:American atheism activists
3350:1990s missing person cases
3079:Le Beau, Bryan F. (2003).
2002:Vitteriti, Joseph (2009).
1796:Le Beau, Bryan F. (2003).
1551:. American Atheist Press.
1532:. American Atheist Press.
1513:. American Atheist Press.
1509:Murray, Jon Garth (1986).
1454:. American Atheist Press.
1435:. American Atheist Press.
1398:The October 2004 episode "
920:, in which she criticized
916:O'Hair founded an atheist
841:
600:1976 presidential election
539:
432:South Texas College of Law
397:United States Marine Corps
244:South Texas College of Law
3550:Writers from Toledo, Ohio
3500:Kidnapped American people
3460:Ashland University alumni
3410:American feminist writers
3277:
3250:
3244:
3191:Madalyn Murray O'Hair
2457:"Among the Non-Believers"
1804:New York University Press
1633:"About American Atheists"
1363:, a proposal made to the
1114:Investigation and arrests
876:In a 1965 interview with
814:concentration camp points
626:During an interview with
376:church; her mother was a
291:American Atheist Magazine
254:
87:
54:
42:
30:
3510:People murdered in Texas
3455:American women essayists
3110:(Lexington Books, 2018).
2640:. Season 7. Episode 10.
2319:, October 26, 1976, p. 3
1153:San Antonio Express-News
1138:Internal Revenue Service
1130:Austin Police Department
1031:by the crew of Apollo 8.
864:and addresses issues of
765:downplayed the Holocaust
589:Apollo 8 Genesis reading
464:minister, Madalyn was a
441:She moved with her son
362:Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
138:Cause of death
114:Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
3545:Writers from Pittsburgh
3490:Formerly missing people
3205:April 12, 2014, at the
3134:Rappoport, Jon (1998).
3118:(re-issue). WND Books.
3045:10.1093/socrel/68.4.407
2977:. Season 4. Episode 5.
1169:Federal agents for the
997:Murray v. United States
870:chief executive officer
696:"Madalyn Murray O'Hair"
434:, but did not pass the
352:Early and personal life
280:. In 1963, she founded
3540:Writers from Baltimore
3450:American women critics
1475:. Simon and Schuster.
1325:
1223:Butner, North Carolina
1219:Federal Medical Center
930:American Atheist Forum
900:for an operation, but
835:
822:
798:
672:relies excessively on
643:
587:(NASA) because of the
3485:Female murder victims
3375:20th-century atheists
3212:Meeting Satan Herself
3153:Sasse, Benjamin Eric.
3033:Sociology of Religion
2670:"Preying on Atheists"
2644:. December 14, 2002.
1910:(November 20, 1998).
1311:
1247:Brackenridge Hospital
1188:Walled Lake, Michigan
1097:Kidnapping and murder
536:Activism and politics
490:Loch Raven, Baltimore
474:Socialist Labor Party
456:According to her son
417:William J. Murray III
294:and identified as a "
261:Madalyn Murray O'Hair
25:Madalyn Murray O'Hair
3106:Meagher, Richard J.
2985:. October 24, 2004.
2675:The Austin Chronicle
2600:The Austin Chronicle
2593:(February 5, 1999).
2568:on December 27, 2014
2434:The Austin Chronicle
2336:on November 10, 2016
1917:The Austin Chronicle
1608:.org. Archived from
1469:Dracos, Ted (2010).
1260:American Gold Eagles
1121:The Austin Chronicle
1069:mass on the Mall in
1041:O'Hair v. Blumenthal
999:(1964) To force the
528:. He later became a
419:(nicknamed "Bill").
382:Rossford High School
169: 1941;
71:Position established
3445:American socialists
3390:American anarchists
3182:Biography of O'Hair
3116:My Life Without God
2852:Atheist, Friendly.
2781:on January 13, 2008
2413:. January 10, 2024.
2313:Minden Press-Herald
2257:. Viking. pp.
2163:on October 12, 2007
2108:My Life without God
2093:My Life without God
2091:Murray, William J.
2046:My Life without God
1980:My Life without God
1772:on October 12, 2007
1578:List of kidnappings
1492:My Life without God
1370:Touched by an Angel
1049:" on U.S. currency.
894:Christine Jorgensen
796:for the war effort.
447:Baltimore, Maryland
395:service, he in the
205:Domestic partner(s)
2948:on August 19, 2017
2714:The New York Times
2642:Medstar Television
1866:Tregaskis, Richard
1736:on August 11, 2016
1678:"Where's Madalyn?"
1424:
1326:
1316:granite bench and
1305:in Austin, Texas.
1104:San Antonio, Texas
1076:O'Hair v. Clements
941:disorderly conduct
848:After settling in
606:, his support for
428:Ashland University
401:Women's Army Corps
372:into her father's
235:Ashland University
131:San Antonio, Texas
124:September 29, 1995
3475:Anarcha-feminists
3287:
3286:
3278:Succeeded by
3275:
3099:LeDrew, Stephen.
2317:Minden, Louisiana
2268:978-0-670-81446-6
2122:Justice Be Damned
2095:. pp. 47–49.
2077:978-0-679-76163-1
1982:. pp. 21–22.
1885:on April 14, 2008
1864:Murray, Madalyn;
1813:978-0-8147-5171-8
1690:on March 14, 2008
1641:American Atheists
1402:", of the series
1389:", of the series
1350:American Atheists
1346:Benjamin Franklin
1314:American Atheists
1134:William J. Murray
1118:During the case,
1005:Fairness Doctrine
990:Murray v. Curlett
952:William J. Murray
854:American Atheists
852:, O'Hair founded
844:American Atheists
838:American Atheists
763:magazine, O'Hair
757:
756:
749:
731:
634:militant feminist
552:Murray v. Curlett
479:Soviet Embassy in
424:bachelor's degree
399:, and she in the
333:Murray v. Curlett
309:William J. Murray
304:Murray v. Curlett
296:militant feminist
282:American Atheists
258:
257:
49:American Atheists
3557:
3327:
3326:
3325:
3315:
3314:
3313:
3303:
3302:
3301:
3294:
3281:Jon Garth Murray
3269:
3245:Preceded by
3242:
3149:
3138:. Truth Seeker.
3129:
3096:
3075:
3056:
3019:
3018:
3016:
3014:
2997:
2991:
2990:
2964:
2958:
2957:
2955:
2953:
2938:
2932:
2931:
2929:
2927:
2915:
2909:
2908:
2906:
2904:
2895:. Archived from
2889:
2883:
2882:
2880:
2878:
2864:
2858:
2857:
2849:
2843:
2842:
2834:
2828:
2827:
2825:
2823:
2808:
2802:
2797:
2791:
2790:
2788:
2786:
2777:. Archived from
2764:
2758:
2755:
2749:
2748:
2737:
2731:
2730:
2728:
2726:
2710:
2702:
2687:
2686:
2684:
2682:
2668:(June 4, 1999).
2662:
2653:
2652:
2632:Without a Prayer
2627:
2612:
2611:
2609:
2607:
2587:
2578:
2577:
2575:
2573:
2564:. Archived from
2551:
2542:
2541:
2539:
2537:
2523:
2517:
2516:
2514:
2512:
2498:
2492:
2491:
2489:
2487:
2473:
2467:
2466:
2462:The New Republic
2452:
2446:
2445:
2443:
2441:
2421:
2415:
2414:
2407:
2401:
2400:
2389:
2383:
2382:
2380:
2378:
2373:. April 29, 2007
2352:
2346:
2345:
2343:
2341:
2332:. Archived from
2326:
2320:
2305:
2299:
2298:
2296:
2294:
2279:
2273:
2272:
2256:
2243:
2237:
2236:
2220:
2210:
2199:
2198:
2196:
2194:
2179:
2173:
2172:
2170:
2168:
2159:. Archived from
2148:
2125:
2118:
2112:
2111:
2103:
2097:
2096:
2088:
2082:
2081:
2062:(May 16, 1995).
2060:Wright, Lawrence
2056:
2050:
2049:
2041:
2035:
2021:Thomas G. Walker
2017:
2008:
2007:
1999:
1993:
1990:
1984:
1983:
1975:
1969:
1968:
1952:
1935:
1929:
1928:
1926:
1924:
1904:
1895:
1894:
1892:
1890:
1884:
1878:. Archived from
1870:"Madalyn Murray"
1868:(October 1965).
1861:
1844:
1843:
1841:
1839:
1824:
1818:
1817:
1793:
1782:
1781:
1779:
1777:
1771:
1755:
1746:
1745:
1743:
1741:
1732:. Archived from
1722:
1716:
1706:
1700:
1699:
1697:
1695:
1686:. Archived from
1673:
1652:
1651:
1649:
1647:
1628:
1622:
1621:
1619:
1617:
1612:on March 3, 2016
1598:
1562:
1543:
1524:
1505:
1486:
1465:
1446:
1387:Without a Prayer
1342:Thomas Jefferson
1334:Ten Commandments
1312:The side of the
1264:Maple Leaf coins
1207:money laundering
1090:Des Moines, Iowa
1071:Washington, D.C.
1059:O'Hair v. Andrus
934:cable television
781:
761:American Atheist
752:
745:
741:
738:
732:
730:
689:
665:
657:
653:Holocaust Denial
594:O'Hair endorsed
482:Washington, D.C.
451:Jon Garth Murray
360:neighborhood of
286:Jon Garth Murray
268:
210:Michael Fiorillo
197:
195:
174:
172:
168:
127:
110:
108:
92:Personal details
82:Jon Garth Murray
78:
68:
59:
35:
21:
3565:
3564:
3560:
3559:
3558:
3556:
3555:
3554:
3335:
3334:
3333:
3323:
3321:
3311:
3309:
3299:
3297:
3289:
3283:
3268:
3262:
3256:
3248:
3207:Wayback Machine
3162:
3146:
3133:
3126:
3113:
3093:
3078:
3072:
3060:
3030:
3027:
3025:Further reading
3022:
3012:
3010:
3007:The Daily Beast
2999:
2998:
2994:
2966:
2965:
2961:
2951:
2949:
2940:
2939:
2935:
2925:
2923:
2917:
2916:
2912:
2902:
2900:
2899:on July 6, 2014
2891:
2890:
2886:
2876:
2874:
2866:
2865:
2861:
2851:
2850:
2846:
2836:
2835:
2831:
2821:
2819:
2810:
2809:
2805:
2798:
2794:
2784:
2782:
2774:Dallas Observer
2769:"Dead Giveaway"
2766:
2765:
2761:
2756:
2752:
2745:news.google.com
2739:
2738:
2734:
2724:
2722:
2704:
2703:
2690:
2680:
2678:
2664:
2663:
2656:
2629:
2628:
2615:
2605:
2603:
2589:
2588:
2581:
2571:
2569:
2561:Dallas Observer
2553:
2552:
2545:
2535:
2533:
2525:
2524:
2520:
2510:
2508:
2500:
2499:
2495:
2485:
2483:
2475:
2474:
2470:
2454:
2453:
2449:
2439:
2437:
2427:(May 3, 1996).
2423:
2422:
2418:
2409:
2408:
2404:
2391:
2390:
2386:
2376:
2374:
2363:
2360:Wayback Machine
2353:
2349:
2339:
2337:
2328:
2327:
2323:
2306:
2302:
2292:
2290:
2281:
2280:
2276:
2269:
2247:Chaikin, Andrew
2245:
2244:
2240:
2233:
2212:
2211:
2202:
2192:
2190:
2181:
2180:
2176:
2166:
2164:
2150:
2149:
2128:
2119:
2115:
2105:
2104:
2100:
2090:
2089:
2085:
2078:
2058:
2057:
2053:
2043:
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2038:
2018:
2011:
2001:
2000:
1996:
1991:
1987:
1977:
1976:
1972:
1965:
1937:
1936:
1932:
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1920:
1906:
1905:
1898:
1888:
1886:
1882:
1863:
1862:
1847:
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1795:
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1757:
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1749:
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1724:
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1707:
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1693:
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1674:
1655:
1645:
1643:
1630:
1629:
1625:
1615:
1613:
1600:
1599:
1595:
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1569:
1559:
1546:
1540:
1527:
1521:
1508:
1502:
1489:
1483:
1468:
1462:
1449:
1443:
1430:
1427:
1383:
1381:Popular culture
1330:Bradford County
1322:Bradford County
1276:
1116:
1099:
1046:In God We Trust
1035:O'Hair v. Cooke
1029:book of Genesis
1021:O'Hair v. Paine
1011:Murray v. Nixon
982:
866:First Amendment
846:
840:
824:She concluded:
779:
753:
742:
736:
733:
690:
688:
682:
678:primary sources
666:
655:
624:
577:Engel v. Vitale
544:
538:
354:
328:Engel v. Vitale
242:
226:(with Fiorillo)
222:
209:
200:
199:
191:
187:
184:
176:
173: 1946)
164:
160:
157:
129:
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112:
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76:
66:
60:
55:
38:
26:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3563:
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3553:
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3547:
3542:
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3532:
3527:
3522:
3520:Women founders
3517:
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3507:
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3497:
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3307:
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3230:
3221:
3215:
3209:
3197:
3188:
3179:
3173:
3161:
3160:External links
3158:
3157:
3156:
3150:
3145:978-0939040049
3144:
3131:
3125:978-1936488346
3124:
3111:
3104:
3097:
3092:978-0814752852
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3070:
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3039:(4): 407–424.
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2816:God In America
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2637:Forensic Files
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2120:Ted Thackery.
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2009:
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1930:
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1392:Forensic Files
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1299:Lou Neff Point
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1239:dental records
1115:
1112:
1098:
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1080:nativity scene
1073:
1067:Roman Catholic
1056:
1053:O'Hair v. Hill
1050:
1038:
1032:
1018:
1008:
1003:to extend the
994:
981:
978:
842:Main article:
839:
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830:Central Europe
806:Jewish victims
802:Paul Rassinier
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3085:. NYU Press.
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2671:
2667:
2666:Bryce, Robert
2661:
2659:
2655:
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2647:
2643:
2639:
2638:
2633:
2626:
2624:
2622:
2620:
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2596:
2592:
2591:Bryce, Robert
2586:
2584:
2580:
2567:
2563:
2562:
2557:
2556:"Lucky Break"
2550:
2548:
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2532:
2528:
2522:
2519:
2507:
2506:CourtListener
2503:
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2472:
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2463:
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2425:Bryce, Robert
2420:
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2275:
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2260:
2255:
2254:
2248:
2242:
2239:
2234:
2232:9781439119969
2228:
2224:
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2189:
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2139:
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2127:
2123:
2117:
2114:
2110:. p. 51.
2109:
2102:
2099:
2094:
2087:
2084:
2079:
2073:
2069:
2068:Vintage Books
2065:
2061:
2055:
2052:
2047:
2040:
2037:
2034:
2033:1-5443-0895-7
2030:
2026:
2022:
2019:Lee Epstein,
2016:
2014:
2010:
2005:
1998:
1995:
1989:
1986:
1981:
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1971:
1966:
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1951:
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1908:Bryce, Robert
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1522:
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1507:
1503:
1497:
1494:. T. Nelson.
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1235:decomposition
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1189:
1183:
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1154:
1149:
1148:
1147:ABC Nightline
1143:
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1123:
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1111:
1107:
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1091:
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1072:
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1064:
1063:National Park
1060:
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1054:
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979:
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953:
948:
946:
942:
939:Arrested for
937:
935:
931:
927:
923:
919:
918:radio program
914:
910:
908:
903:
899:
896:had to go to
895:
891:
886:
882:
880:
874:
871:
867:
863:
859:
855:
851:
850:Austin, Texas
845:
837:
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729:
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722:
719:
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712:
708:
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701:
698: –
697:
693:
692:Find sources:
686:
680:
679:
675:
670:This article
668:
664:
659:
658:
652:
650:
648:
642:
637:
635:
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615:
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608:sex education
605:
604:school prayer
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319:Supreme Court
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221:(with Murray)
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47:President of
45:
41:
34:
29:
22:
19:
3271:
3264:
3258:
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3135:
3115:
3107:
3100:
3081:
3061:
3036:
3032:
3011:. Retrieved
3005:
2995:
2972:
2962:
2950:. Retrieved
2946:the original
2936:
2926:November 17,
2924:. Retrieved
2922:. snopes.com
2913:
2903:February 27,
2901:. Retrieved
2897:the original
2887:
2877:February 27,
2875:. Retrieved
2871:
2862:
2847:
2838:
2832:
2820:. Retrieved
2815:
2806:
2795:
2783:. Retrieved
2779:the original
2772:
2762:
2753:
2744:
2735:
2723:. Retrieved
2712:
2679:. Retrieved
2673:
2649:
2635:
2604:. Retrieved
2598:
2570:. Retrieved
2566:the original
2559:
2536:November 23,
2534:. Retrieved
2530:
2521:
2511:November 23,
2509:. Retrieved
2505:
2496:
2486:September 8,
2484:. Retrieved
2480:
2471:
2460:
2450:
2438:. Retrieved
2432:
2419:
2405:
2396:
2387:
2377:November 18,
2375:. Retrieved
2368:
2356:Ghostarchive
2354:Archived at
2350:
2340:November 18,
2338:. Retrieved
2334:the original
2324:
2312:
2303:
2293:February 13,
2291:. Retrieved
2286:
2277:
2252:
2241:
2216:
2191:. Retrieved
2187:
2177:
2165:. Retrieved
2161:the original
2156:
2121:
2116:
2107:
2101:
2092:
2086:
2063:
2054:
2045:
2039:
2027:. CQ Press,
2024:
2003:
1997:
1988:
1979:
1973:
1948:
1943:Joshi, S. T.
1933:
1921:. Retrieved
1915:
1887:. Retrieved
1880:the original
1873:
1836:. Retrieved
1834:. p. 20
1831:
1822:
1802:. New York:
1798:
1774:. Retrieved
1767:the original
1762:
1738:. Retrieved
1734:the original
1720:
1712:
1704:
1692:. Retrieved
1688:the original
1681:
1644:. Retrieved
1637:atheists.org
1636:
1626:
1614:. Retrieved
1610:the original
1606:FamilySearch
1596:
1548:
1529:
1510:
1491:
1471:
1451:
1432:
1416:
1410:
1403:
1397:
1390:
1384:
1375:James Dobson
1368:
1357:urban legend
1354:
1327:
1292:
1283:
1277:
1256:
1227:
1211:
1196:
1184:
1168:
1159:
1151:
1145:
1126:Robert Bryce
1119:
1117:
1108:
1100:
1085:
1075:
1058:
1052:
1044:
1040:
1034:
1020:
1010:
996:
988:
983:
974:
965:Truth Seeker
963:
961:
949:
938:
929:
915:
911:
907:heart attack
901:
884:
877:
875:
858:civil rights
847:
827:
823:
811:
799:
792:
780:camp —
770:
760:
758:
743:
734:
724:
717:
710:
703:
691:
671:
644:
639:
627:
625:
616:
596:Jimmy Carter
593:
582:
575:
563:
551:
545:
526:Christianity
519:
515:codependents
511:
495:
470:Soviet Union
455:
440:
421:
407:position in
405:cryptography
393:World War II
390:
374:Presbyterian
355:
343:
336:
332:
326:
312:
302:
300:
289:
269:
260:
259:
126:(1995-09-29)
101:Madalyn Mays
77:Succeeded by
56:
18:
3355:1995 deaths
3345:1919 births
3263:1986–1995 (
3257:1963–1986 (
3224:Appearances
2822:January 22,
2785:December 1,
2725:October 14,
2572:December 1,
2440:December 1,
2167:December 1,
1923:December 1,
1889:December 1,
1832:Ohio Memory
1776:December 1,
1740:December 1,
1694:December 1,
1646:December 1,
1303:Zilker Park
1268:Krugerrands
1215:lung cancer
1015:White House
980:Court cases
945:Larry Flynt
777:slave labor
67:Preceded by
3339:Categories
3305:Philosophy
3186:Rotten.com
3178:at fbi.gov
2979:Wolf Films
2531:Justia Law
2481:google.com
2066:. London:
1589:References
1501:0840752563
1231:mutilation
1201:to commit
1199:conspiracy
1025:astronauts
968:under her
707:newspapers
674:references
612:ecological
540:See also:
532:minister.
156:John Roths
107:1919-04-13
3317:Biography
3013:March 25,
2969:Eosphoros
1883:(reprint)
1770:(reprint)
1400:Eosphoros
1203:extortion
1124:reporter
956:Christian
954:became a
936:systems.
773:Auschwitz
614:matters.
466:communist
358:Beechview
231:Education
61:1963–1986
57:In office
3329:Feminism
3272:de facto
3265:de facto
3203:Archived
3053:20453183
2952:July 21,
2719:Archived
2681:June 25,
2646:Court TV
2606:July 31,
2358:and the
2249:(1994).
2106:Murray.
2023:(2017),
1978:Murray.
1616:June 18,
1567:See also
1290:varied.
1173:and the
970:masthead
950:Her son
922:religion
881:Magazine
737:May 2024
622:Feminism
580:(1962).
560:bullying
498:Honolulu
436:bar exam
386:Rossford
378:Lutheran
370:baptized
215:Children
3291:Portals
3259:de jure
2370:YouTube
2287:Findlaw
2193:May 21,
1945:(ed.).
1875:Playboy
1838:May 17,
1415:movie,
1413:Netflix
1411:A 2017
1361:RM-2493
1320:at the
1252:Baptist
1192:Detroit
885:Playboy
879:Playboy
721:scholar
629:Playboy
598:in the
530:Baptist
522:William
462:Baptist
458:William
443:William
274:atheism
219:William
198:
190:
186:
175:
163:
159:
146:Spouses
3228:C-SPAN
3142:
3122:
3089:
3068:
3051:
2397:Scribd
2289:. 1970
2265:
2229:
2074:
2031:
1961:
1810:
1555:
1536:
1517:
1498:
1479:
1458:
1439:
1348:. The
1344:, and
1338:plinth
1318:plinth
1274:Legacy
1266:, and
926:theism
898:Sweden
793:et al.
784:Farben
723:
716:
709:
702:
694:
502:Hawaii
366:German
141:Murder
133:, U.S.
116:, U.S.
3059:FBI.
3049:JSTOR
2818:. PBS
1163:felon
788:Krupp
728:JSTOR
714:books
556:Bible
486:Paris
426:from
409:Italy
323:Bible
192:(
188:
165:(
161:
3247:None
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