556:
44:
542:
208:
307:
272:
2156:
714:
294:
Also glossed over in
Modjeska's autobiography were the details concerning her first marriage, to her former guardian, Gustave Sinnmayer (Polish: Gustaw Zimajer). Gustave was an actor and the director of a second-rate provincial theater troupe. The date of Modjeska's marriage to Gustave is uncertain.
283:
Modjeska's parentage is unclear. Her mother was Józefa (Misel) Benda, the widow of a prosperous Kraków merchant, Szymon Benda. In her autobiography, Modjeska claimed that her father was a musician named
Michael Opid. The Benda family did employ a music teacher named Michal Opid, who later stood as
1088:
In 2009, in honor of the 100th anniversary of her death, the
Historical Museum of the City of Kraków presented the exhibition "Helena Modjeska (1840–1909): For the Love of Art" (8 April – 20 September 2009). The Warsaw staging of the same exhibition ran from October 2009 through January 2010. The
520:
Modjeska intended to abandon her career and envisioned herself living "a life of toil under the blue skies of
California, among the hills, riding on horseback with a gun over my shoulder." The reality proved less cinematic. None of the colonists knew the first thing about ranching or farming, and
459:
My husband's only desire was to take me away from my surroundings and give me perfect rest from my work ... Our friends used to talk about the new country, the new life, new scenery, and the possibility of settling down somewhere in the land of freedom, away from the daily vexations to which each
302:
Gustaw
Zimajer used the stage name "Gustaw Modrzejewski." It was the feminine form of this name that Modjeska adopted when she made her stage debut in 1861 as Helena Modrzejewska. Later, when acting abroad, she simplified her name to "Modjeska", which was easier for English-speaking audiences to
464:
was the first to advocate emigration. Little by little others followed him, and soon five of them expressed the desire to seek adventures in the jungles of the virgin land. My husband, seeing the eagerness of the young men, conceived the idea of forming a colony in
California on the model of the
382:
One incident illustrates the restrictions of nineteenth century Polish society. At one of
Modrzejewska's Warsaw performances, seventeen secondary-school pupils presented her with a bouquet of flowers tied with a ribbon in the red-and-white Polish national colors. The pupils were accused by the
844:
437:
1080:", Doyle mentions Adler having been prima donna of the fictional Imperial Opera of Warsaw in the same years when Modjeska was at the peak of her theatrical career in Warsaw, and the fictional character's personality recalls that of the actual actress.
588:
who signed her for a tour on the east coast where she made her New York debut. She then spent three years abroad (1879–82), mainly in London, attempting to improve her
English, before returning to the stage in America. In 1880, she visited the
243:
She was successful first on the Polish stage. After emigrating to the United States (and despite her poor command of
English), she also succeeded on stage in America and London. She is regarded as the greatest actress in the
291:, a wealthy and influential Polish nobleman. Helena also had a younger sister, Josephine, and several half-brothers from Józefa's first marriage. Helena and Josephine were primarily raised by their great-aunt Teresa.
454:
In July 1876, after spending more than a decade as the reigning diva of the Polish national theater, for reasons both personal and political, Modjeska and her husband chose to immigrate to the United States.
295:
She discovered many years later that they had not been legally married, because he was still married to his first wife when they wed. Together the couple had two children, a son Rudolf (later renamed
424:
and a Mr. Sammelson. Modjeska wrote that their home "became the center of the artistic and literary world ." Poets, authors, politicians, artists, composers and other actors frequented
Modjeska's
391:
demonstration. They were expelled from their school and banned from admission to any other school. One of the pupils, Ignacy Neufeld, subsequently shot himself; Modrzejewska attended his funeral.
2316:
676:
On 2 May 1905, she gave a jubilee performance in New York City. Then she toured for two years and ended her acting career, afterward only appearing sporadically in support of charitable causes.
652:
in Louisville, Kentucky, the first Ibsen play staged in the United States. In the 1880s and 1890s, she had a reputation as the leading female interpreter of Shakespeare on the American stage.
774:, a caramel-covered marshmallow confection invented in 1889 by a local candy-maker named Anton Busath (and later made by other candy-makers, including Bauer's Candies, Muth's Candies and
555:
1114:
375:. Later that year Helena left Zimajer, taking their son Rudolf, and returning to Kraków. Once there she accepted a four-year theatrical engagement. In 1868 she began appearing in
2331:
2301:
2306:
2187:
2276:
670:
Modjeska suffered a stroke and was partially paralyzed in 1897, but recovered and soon returned to the stage, continuing to perform for several additional years.
626:
Despite her accent and imperfect command of English, she achieved great success. During her career, she played nine Shakespearean heroines, Marguerite Gautier in
379:; during her eight years there, she consolidated her status as a theater star. Her half-brothers Józef and Feliks Benda were also well-regarded actors in Poland.
2296:
1888:
1048:, though fiction, is based on Modjeska's life. The book precipitated a controversy when Sontag was accused of having plagiarized other works about Modjeska.
413:
he adopted the stage name "Count Bozenta" as a ploy to gain publicity. "Bozenta" was easier for an English-speaking audience to pronounce than "Chłapowski."
2311:
1661:
521:
they could barely speak English. The utopian experiment failed, the colonists went their separate ways, and Modjeska returned to the stage, reprising the
514:
249:
2266:
43:
2291:
2271:
758:
1329:
2135:
2101:
2070:
2043:
2006:
1917:
2232:
399:
On September 12, 1868, Modjeska married a Polish nobleman, Karol Bożenta Chłapowski. Best known in America as "Count Bozenta," he was not a
612:
268:, on 12 October 1840. Her birth name was recorded as Jadwiga Benda, but she was later baptized Helena Opid, under her godfather's surname.
673:
During her last stay in Poland, from 31 October 1902 to 28 April 1903, she appeared on the stage in Lwów, Poznań, and her native Kraków.
1620:
1760:
1781:
571:
474:
1985:
388:
288:
2286:
585:
2281:
2321:
493:
in 1905), were among the friends who had accompanied them to California. It was during this period that Sienkiewicz wrote his
792:
287:
There is evidence to suggest that Helena and her older brother Adolf were the results of an affair between Józefa and Prince
817:
502:
1306:
2326:
1564:
2090:
745:
775:
1717:
729:
656:
580:
541:
490:
628:
598:
446:
95:
1936:
1135:
1001:
825:
193:
1119:
821:
498:
276:
207:
1506:
1028:
607:
was performed on a temporary stage in the vicarage garden and watched by many local people. A resident of
306:
271:
265:
77:
824:, who almost accompanied Modjeska and her family to California in 1876). She was also the aunt of artist
416:
At the time of their marriage, Chłapowski was employed as the editor of a liberal nationalist newspaper,
2030:
1005:
963:
771:
616:
441:
1692:
513:) were also to have come with Modjeska's group, but they changed their plans. She was a member of the
2261:
2256:
1077:
848:
1323:
1044:
978:
942:
928:
891:
869:
863:
694:
was published posthumously in 1910. A Polish translation ran the same year in the Kraków newspaper
680:
638:
563:
478:
347:
237:
843:
1065:
937:
907:
684:
486:
461:
1655:
1351:
525:
roles that she had performed in Poland. Perhaps the best account of daily life on the ranch is
2131:
2107:
2097:
2076:
2066:
2049:
2039:
2012:
2002:
1972:
1953:
1945:
1923:
1913:
1905:
1874:
1857:
1832:
1808:
1787:
1777:
997:
921:
902:
809:
A statue of Modjeska is located outside the Pearson Park Amphitheater in Anaheim, California.
648:
575:
425:
352:
245:
1628:
2211:
2205:
2160:
1901:
1769:
1598:
1021:
1013:
885:
603:
510:
506:
1773:
1989:
1310:
1073:
1053:
1017:
993:
832:
718:
372:
357:
311:
224:
2177:
2171:
2165:
1825:
1009:
2192:
1755:
1742:. Muezeum Histoyczne Miasta Krakowa and Teatr Wielki – Polish National Opera in Warsaw.
1129:
954:
948:
813:
725:
702:
664:
620:
526:
405:
384:
296:
253:
183:
284:
Helena's godfather, however Opid did not father Józefa Benda's two youngest children.
2250:
1820:
1801:
1650:
1124:
1102:
1090:
802:
754:
410:
1064:
Scholars Joanna and Catharina Polatynska have posited that Modjeska might have been
436:
2241:
1710:"The Diogenes Club: A Few Words about Theatres in Warsaw or Where Sang Irene Adler"
1675:
1058:
1039:
932:
916:
643:
2065:. Vol. 2. Washington: Folger Shakespeare Library. pp. 125–136, 317–318.
327:
2063:
Shakespeare on the American Stage, From Booth and Barrett to Southern and Marlowe
1031:, and Donna Diana in the Polish translation of an old Spanish play of that name.
1303:
1069:
969:
958:
786:
765:
522:
339:
331:
2227:
1966:
1556:
17:
2183:
2111:
2080:
2053:
1791:
782:
594:
590:
482:
466:
361:
335:
1976:
1957:
1949:
1861:
1812:
1155:
2237:
1927:
1878:
1840:
679:
Modjeska died at Newport Beach, California on 8 April 1909, aged 68, from
2180:
Special Collections and Archives, UC Irvine Libraries, Irvine, California.
2174:
Special Collections and Archives, UC Irvine Libraries, Irvine, California.
2168:
Special Collections and Archives, UC Irvine Libraries, Irvine, California.
2166:
Guide to the Ellen K. Lee Collection on Helena Modjeska and Orange County.
2020:
1836:
713:
2217:
2016:
1709:
683:. Her remains were sent to Kraków to be buried in the family plot at the
633:
608:
2233:
Helena Modjeska – Icon of Style. Reconstructions of XIX century costumes
1665:. Vol. 18 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 642.
1101:
To commemorate the 181st anniversary of her birth on 12 October 2021, a
1654:
896:
660:
421:
371:
theaters, but the plan came to naught due to her poor knowledge of the
343:
323:
655:
In 1893, Modjeska was invited to speak to a women's conference at the
2096:. Cambridge; New York: Cambridge University Press. pp. 263–264.
1738:
Malgorzata Palka (translator: Piotr Krasnowolski), exhibition notes:
880:
874:
801:
SS Helena Modjeska, a 7,000 ton US cargo steamer that ran aground on
376:
368:
642:. In 1883, the year she obtained American citizenship, she produced
1279:
842:
712:
705:), was a civil engineer who gained fame as a designer of bridges.
554:
540:
435:
400:
305:
270:
2222:
659:, and described the situation of Polish women in the Russian and
2172:
Guide to the Collection of Helena Modjeska Theater Memorabilia.
1944:. Cornish Weekly Newspapers. September 9, 1880. p. 5, col. 1.
739:
Modjeska Park in Anaheim, California (33°48'53"N 117°57'8"W)
698:(Time). The last Polish edition of the book appeared in 1957.
1968:
Memories and Impressions of Helena Modjeska: An Autobiography
751:
Modjeska Falls, California, at the Glen Alpine Springs Resort
2228:
A documentary film about Helena Modjeska's life and passions
1856:] (in Polish). Warszawa: Panstwowy Instytut Wydawniczy.
1850:
Korespondencja Heleny Modrzejewskiej i Karola Chlapowskiego
1768:(3rd ed.). New York; Oxford: Oxford University Press.
232:; 12 October 1840 – 8 April 1909), known professionally as
1854:
Correspondence of Helena Modrzejewska and Karol Chłapowski
1413:
1411:
1386:
1384:
322:
In her early Polish acting career, Modrzejewska played at
2218:
Diogenes Club. Theaters in Warsaw, Where Irene Adler Sang
1492:
1181:
1179:
1177:
1175:
1173:
2128:
Starring Madame Modjeska: On Tour in Poland and America
2001:. Santa Barbara, California Denver Colorado: ABC-CLIO.
1693:"So Whose Words Are They? Susan Sontag Creates a Stir."
346:, playing in her first Romantic drama, as "Skierka" in
252:
and was mother of a prominent Polish-American engineer
2038:. Lakeport, CA: Wesanne Publications. pp. 72–83.
1210:
1208:
1206:
798:
A Pullman car, the Helena Modjeska, was named for her.
473:
Once in America, Modjeska and her husband purchased a
1803:
Fair Rosalind: the American career of Helena Modjeska
778:) in her honor when she visited Louisville, Kentucky.
728:, Modjeska's home from 1888 to 1906, is a registered
593:
in Cornwall and on hearing that the parish church of
403:. His family belonged to the untitled landed gentry (
1585:
1115:
Helena Modrzejewska National Stary Theater in Kraków
2317:
Emigrants from Austria-Hungary to the United States
1912:. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press. pp. 361–362.
1440:
1438:
200:
189:
178:
119:
111:
103:
84:
53:
34:
2089:
2029:
1935:
1887:
1824:
1800:
1759:
1601:(February 1911). "Modjeska's Life in California".
663:-ruled parts of dismembered Poland. This led to a
1827:The Story of Helena Modjeska, (Madame Chlapowska)
1471:(October 17, 2010) "Modjeska – Woman Triuimphant"
367:In 1865 Zimajer tried to get her a contract with
1740:Helena Modjeska (1840–1909): For the Love of Art
1274:The surname "Modrzejewski" likely derives from "
460:Pole was exposed in Russian or Prussian Poland.
299:), and a daughter Marylka, who died in infancy.
2188:New York Public Library for the Performing Arts
457:
1986:"Ralph Modjeski: Bridge Builder Extraordinary"
1904:; Wróbel, Piotr; Kozicizi, Richard J. (1996).
1848:Got, Jerzy; Szczublewski, Józef, eds. (1965).
1543:
597:was in need of an organ she collaborated with
531:Life on the Modjeska Ranch in the Gay Nineties
2223:A play in which Modjeska reflects on her life
1761:"Modjeska, Helena (1840–1909) [Opid]"
1304:Encyclopedia – Britannica Online Encyclopedia
1291:
789:when the city was part of Germany as Breslau.
764:Bouquet Helena Modjeska by American perfumer
342:. In 1862 she appeared for the first time in
8:
2031:"Helena Modjeska, The Polish Queen of Drama"
611:and soon-to-be member of parliament for the
469:. The project was received with acclamation.
2186:, held by the Billy Rose Theatre Division,
1999:Acting : an international encyclopedia
1027:Her favorite comedy rôles were Beatrice in
996:interpreter of the more prominent plays by
816:and godmother to artist-author-philosopher
812:Modjeska was the mother of bridge engineer
692:Memories and Impressions of Helena Modjeska
667:ban on her traveling in Russian territory.
570:On 20 August 1877, Modjeska debuted at the
2302:Actors from Los Angeles County, California
1960:– via The British Newspaper Archive.
785:, formerly named after the German actress
574:in San Francisco in an English version of
236:, was a Polish actress who specialized in
42:
31:
2088:Wilmeth, Don B.; Miller, Tice L. (1996).
1937:"Madame Modjeska Recruiting Her Strength"
1910:Historical dictionary of Poland, 966–1945
701:Modrzejewska's son, Rudolf Modrzejewski (
2178:Guide to the Helena Modjeska Collection.
1766:The Oxford Companion to American Theatre
1531:
1519:
1480:
1456:
1429:
1417:
1402:
1390:
1375:
1363:
1328:. Encyclopædia Britannica Online. 2009.
1262:
1250:
1226:
1197:
1185:
1051:Modjeska was a character in the novella
2332:Pacific Coast Women's Press Association
1214:
1147:
515:Pacific Coast Women's Press Association
420:(The Country), which was owned by Adam
250:Pacific Coast Women's Press Association
1720:from the original on February 24, 2010
831:She was godmother to American actress
2277:Actors from Orange County, California
1889:"Famed actress Modjeska wowed locals"
1567:from the original on February 6, 2010
1238:
223:
7:
2297:History of Orange County, California
2184:Madam Modjeska scrapbooks, 1877–1898
1774:10.1093/acref/9780195169867.013.2157
1561:www.modjeskawomantriumphantmovie.com
1444:
1354:, edition of 19:53, 25 January 2009.
1332:from the original on August 10, 2009
859:Modjeska's chief tragic roles were:
742:Helene Street in Anaheim, California
2307:People from the Free City of Kraków
2195:p. 52 by Forrest Izard c. 1915
2092:Cambridge guide to American theatre
1971:. New York: The Macmillan Company.
1807:. Cheshire, CT: Cherry Hill Books.
1089:exhibition included items from the
717:Modjeska in her garden at Arden in
584:. She was seen by theatrical agent
27:Polish-American actress (1840–1909)
2312:Actresses from the Austrian Empire
1586:Lerski, Wróbel & Kozicizi 1996
495:Charcoal Sketches (Szkice węglem).
25:
2157:Works by or about Helena Modjeska
1906:"Modrzejewska (Modjeska) Helena"
206:
144:
2267:19th-century American actresses
1799:Coleman, Marion Moore (1969) .
1682:, introduction, New York, 1999.
248:. She was also a member of the
167:
140:
2214:at American National Biography
1691:Doreen Carvajal, 27 May 2002.
1493:Cornish Weekly Newspapers 1880
793:Modjeska Youth Theater Company
768:of Prussian and Polish descent
157:Count Karol Bozenta Chłapowski
1:
2292:Burials at Rakowicki Cemetery
2272:19th-century Polish actresses
2114:– via Internet Archive.
2056:– via Internet Archive.
1979:– via Internet Archive.
1886:Kemp, Bill (April 10, 2016).
1843:– via Internet Archive.
1815:– via Internet Archive.
546:
316:The Court of Prince Władysław
2193:Heroines of the Modern Stage
2130:. Indiana University Press.
1871:Modjeska: Her Life and Loves
1758:; Hischak, Thomas S (2004).
1510:, 1986 ed., vol. 19, p. 313.
1352:the Polish Knowledge article
1042:'s award-winning 1999 novel
387:authorities of conducting a
356:. From 1863 she appeared at
289:Władysław Hieronim Sanguszko
264:Helena Modjeska was born in
246:history of theatre in Poland
1708:WebDesign, Quintessential.
1557:"Modjeska Woman Triumphant"
1068:'s model for the character
818:Stanisław Ignacy Witkiewicz
746:Modjeska Canyon, California
503:Stanisław Ignacy Witkiewicz
2348:
2061:Shattuck, Charles (1987).
2036:Women who charmed the West
1869:Gronowicz, Antoni (1956).
1696:New York Times Book Review
1544:Bordman & Hischak 2004
1093:in Santa Ana, California.
1076:came close to loving. In "
992:Modrzejewska was also the
730:National Historic Landmark
491:Nobel Prize for literature
1965:Modjeska, Helena (1910).
1292:Wilmeth & Miller 1996
1105:paid homage to Modjeska.
601:to put on a performance.
205:
96:Newport Beach, California
48:Helena Modjeska, ca. 1890
41:
2287:American stage actresses
2028:Seagraves, Anne (1991).
1873:. New York: T. Yoselof.
1656:"Modjeska, Helena"
1278:," which is Polish for "
1136:Starring Madame Modjeska
776:Schimpff's Confectionery
748:(where Arden is located)
485:, Łucjan Paprowski, and
364:, in plays by Słowacki.
2126:Holmgren, Beth (2011).
1984:Obst, Peter J. (2000).
1662:Encyclopædia Britannica
1625:www.ramsgatehistory.com
1469:San Francisco Chronicle
795:in Milwaukee, Wisconsin
497:Originally the artists
2322:Polish stage actresses
1507:Encyclopedia Americana
1072:, the only woman that
1029:Much Ado About Nothing
856:
722:
567:
552:
471:
451:
319:
280:
225:[mɔdʐɛˈjɛfska]
2282:Actresses from Kraków
1714:www.diogenes-club.com
1313:at www.britannica.com
1156:"Helena Modrzejewska"
1002:Alexandre Dumas, père
846:
716:
619:, played the part of
617:Charles Campbell Ross
599:Mr J Forbes-Robertson
558:
544:
442:Alexandre Dumas, fils
439:
309:
274:
221:Polish pronunciation:
2327:Polish salon-holders
2151:Archival collections
1997:Osnes, Beth (2001).
1631:on November 25, 2016
1621:"SS Helena Modjeska"
1504:"Modjeska, Helena,"
1253:, pp. 126, 317.
1078:A Scandal in Bohemia
849:Mary, Queen of Scots
822:Stanisław Witkiewicz
657:Chicago World's Fair
613:St Ives constituency
499:Stanisław Witkiewicz
143: 1861;
2206:Helena Modrzejewska
1680:In America: A Novel
929:Salvadore Cammarano
864:William Shakespeare
759:Saddleback Mountain
757:(the north peak of
735:Named for her are:
581:Adrienne Lecouvreur
564:Tadeusz Ajdukiewicz
560:Helena Modrzejewska
479:Anaheim, California
240:and tragic roles.
217:Helena Modrzejewska
130:Gustav Modrzejewski
78:Free City of Kraków
1309:2006-03-16 at the
1066:Arthur Conan Doyle
938:Friedrich Schiller
857:
826:Władysław T. Benda
723:
690:Her autobiography
685:Rakowicki Cemetery
572:California Theatre
568:
553:
487:Henryk Sienkiewicz
462:Henryk Sienkiewicz
452:
320:
281:
275:Modjeska as Queen
194:Władysław T. Benda
2137:978-0-253-35664-2
2103:978-0-521-56444-1
2072:978-0-918016-77-5
2045:978-0-9619088-2-9
2008:978-1-57607-804-4
1919:978-0-313-03456-5
1599:Inkersley, Arthur
1350:Information from
1084:Death anniversary
483:Julian Sypniewski
277:Barbara Radziwiłł
214:
213:
112:Years active
16:(Redirected from
2339:
2212:Modjeska, Helena
2161:Internet Archive
2141:
2115:
2095:
2084:
2057:
2033:
2024:
1993:
1992:on May 20, 2009.
1988:. Archived from
1980:
1961:
1939:
1931:
1897:
1891:
1882:
1865:
1844:
1830:
1816:
1806:
1795:
1763:
1743:
1736:
1730:
1729:
1727:
1725:
1705:
1699:
1689:
1683:
1673:
1667:
1666:
1658:
1647:
1641:
1640:
1638:
1636:
1627:. Archived from
1617:
1611:
1610:
1603:Overland Monthly
1595:
1589:
1583:
1577:
1576:
1574:
1572:
1553:
1547:
1541:
1535:
1529:
1523:
1517:
1511:
1502:
1496:
1490:
1484:
1478:
1472:
1466:
1460:
1454:
1448:
1442:
1433:
1427:
1421:
1415:
1406:
1400:
1394:
1388:
1379:
1373:
1367:
1361:
1355:
1348:
1342:
1341:
1339:
1337:
1320:
1314:
1301:
1295:
1289:
1283:
1272:
1266:
1260:
1254:
1248:
1242:
1236:
1230:
1224:
1218:
1212:
1201:
1195:
1189:
1183:
1168:
1167:
1165:
1163:
1152:
1022:Victorien Sardou
1014:Alfred de Musset
979:Juliusz Słowacki
927:Luisa Miller in
886:Romeo and Juliet
681:Bright's disease
604:Romeo and Juliet
591:Lizard Peninsula
586:Harry J. Sargent
551:
548:
507:Adam Chmielowski
440:Modrzejewska in
385:Russian Imperial
348:Juliusz Słowacki
310:Modrzejewska as
227:
222:
210:
171:
169:
148:
146:
142:
91:
73:
71:
46:
32:
21:
2347:
2346:
2342:
2341:
2340:
2338:
2337:
2336:
2247:
2246:
2238:Helena Modjeska
2202:
2153:
2148:
2138:
2125:
2122:
2120:Further reading
2104:
2087:
2073:
2060:
2046:
2027:
2009:
1996:
1983:
1964:
1934:
1920:
1900:
1885:
1868:
1847:
1819:
1798:
1784:
1756:Bordman, Gerald
1754:
1751:
1746:
1737:
1733:
1723:
1721:
1707:
1706:
1702:
1690:
1686:
1674:
1670:
1649:
1648:
1644:
1634:
1632:
1619:
1618:
1614:
1597:
1596:
1592:
1584:
1580:
1570:
1568:
1555:
1554:
1550:
1542:
1538:
1530:
1526:
1518:
1514:
1503:
1499:
1491:
1487:
1479:
1475:
1467:
1463:
1455:
1451:
1443:
1436:
1428:
1424:
1416:
1409:
1401:
1397:
1389:
1382:
1374:
1370:
1362:
1358:
1349:
1345:
1335:
1333:
1325:Helena Modjeska
1322:
1321:
1317:
1311:Wayback Machine
1302:
1298:
1294:, p. 263..
1290:
1286:
1273:
1269:
1261:
1257:
1249:
1245:
1237:
1233:
1225:
1221:
1213:
1204:
1196:
1192:
1184:
1171:
1161:
1159:
1154:
1153:
1149:
1145:
1111:
1099:
1086:
1074:Sherlock Holmes
1054:My Mortal Enemy
1037:
1018:Octave Feuillet
841:
833:Ethel Barrymore
820:(son of artist
719:Modjeska Canyon
711:
549:
539:
537:American career
489:(winner of the
434:
397:
373:German language
312:Adam Kazanowski
262:
234:Helena Modjeska
220:
174:
173:
170: 1868)
165:
161:
158:
150:
147: 1868)
138:
134:
131:
99:
93:
89:
80:
75:
74:12 October 1840
69:
67:
66:
65:
59:
49:
37:
36:Helena Modjeska
28:
23:
22:
18:Madame Modjeska
15:
12:
11:
5:
2345:
2343:
2335:
2334:
2329:
2324:
2319:
2314:
2309:
2304:
2299:
2294:
2289:
2284:
2279:
2274:
2269:
2264:
2259:
2249:
2248:
2245:
2244:
2235:
2230:
2225:
2220:
2215:
2209:
2201:
2198:
2197:
2196:
2190:
2181:
2175:
2169:
2163:
2152:
2149:
2147:
2146:External links
2144:
2143:
2142:
2136:
2121:
2118:
2117:
2116:
2102:
2085:
2071:
2058:
2044:
2025:
2007:
1994:
1981:
1962:
1942:The Cornishman
1932:
1918:
1898:
1894:pantagraph.com
1883:
1866:
1845:
1831:. W.H. Allen.
1821:Collins, Mabel
1817:
1796:
1783:978-0199916474
1782:
1750:
1747:
1745:
1744:
1731:
1700:
1684:
1668:
1653:, ed. (1911).
1651:Chisholm, Hugh
1642:
1612:
1590:
1588:, p. 361.
1578:
1548:
1536:
1534:, p. 518.
1524:
1522:, p. 127.
1512:
1497:
1485:
1483:, p. 128.
1473:
1461:
1459:, p. 336.
1449:
1434:
1432:, p. 250.
1422:
1420:, p. 249.
1407:
1405:, p. 257.
1395:
1393:, p. 174.
1380:
1378:, p. 346.
1368:
1366:, p. 154.
1356:
1343:
1315:
1296:
1284:
1267:
1265:, p. 114.
1255:
1243:
1231:
1219:
1202:
1190:
1188:, p. 126.
1169:
1146:
1144:
1141:
1140:
1139:
1132:
1130:Modjeska House
1127:
1122:
1117:
1110:
1107:
1098:
1095:
1085:
1082:
1036:
1033:
998:Ernest Legouvé
990:
989:
976:
967:
964:Marion Delorme
955:Marion Delorme
952:
949:Princess Eboli
935:
925:
922:A Doll's House
913:
912:
911:
900:
889:
878:
840:
837:
814:Ralph Modjeski
807:
806:
799:
796:
790:
779:
769:
762:
752:
749:
743:
740:
710:
707:
703:Ralph Modjeski
649:A Doll's House
621:Friar Laurence
576:Ernest Legouvé
562:. Portrait by
538:
535:
527:Theodore Payne
433:
430:
396:
393:
297:Ralph Modjeski
266:Kraków, Poland
261:
258:
254:Ralph Modjeski
212:
211:
203:
202:
198:
197:
191:
187:
186:
184:Ralph Modjeski
180:
176:
175:
163:
159:
156:
155:
154:
153:
136:
132:
129:
128:
127:
126:
123:
121:
117:
116:
113:
109:
108:
105:
101:
100:
94:
92:(aged 68)
86:
82:
81:
76:
57:
55:
51:
50:
47:
39:
38:
35:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2344:
2333:
2330:
2328:
2325:
2323:
2320:
2318:
2315:
2313:
2310:
2308:
2305:
2303:
2300:
2298:
2295:
2293:
2290:
2288:
2285:
2283:
2280:
2278:
2275:
2273:
2270:
2268:
2265:
2263:
2260:
2258:
2255:
2254:
2252:
2243:
2239:
2236:
2234:
2231:
2229:
2226:
2224:
2221:
2219:
2216:
2213:
2210:
2208:at culture.pl
2207:
2204:
2203:
2199:
2194:
2191:
2189:
2185:
2182:
2179:
2176:
2173:
2170:
2167:
2164:
2162:
2158:
2155:
2154:
2150:
2145:
2139:
2133:
2129:
2124:
2123:
2119:
2113:
2109:
2105:
2099:
2094:
2093:
2086:
2082:
2078:
2074:
2068:
2064:
2059:
2055:
2051:
2047:
2041:
2037:
2032:
2026:
2022:
2018:
2014:
2010:
2004:
2000:
1995:
1991:
1987:
1982:
1978:
1974:
1970:
1969:
1963:
1959:
1955:
1951:
1947:
1943:
1938:
1933:
1929:
1925:
1921:
1915:
1911:
1907:
1903:
1902:Lerski, Jerzy
1899:
1895:
1890:
1884:
1880:
1876:
1872:
1867:
1863:
1859:
1855:
1851:
1846:
1842:
1838:
1834:
1829:
1828:
1822:
1818:
1814:
1810:
1805:
1804:
1797:
1793:
1789:
1785:
1779:
1775:
1771:
1767:
1762:
1757:
1753:
1752:
1748:
1741:
1735:
1732:
1719:
1715:
1711:
1704:
1701:
1697:
1694:
1688:
1685:
1681:
1677:
1672:
1669:
1664:
1663:
1657:
1652:
1646:
1643:
1630:
1626:
1622:
1616:
1613:
1609:(2): 178–185.
1608:
1604:
1600:
1594:
1591:
1587:
1582:
1579:
1566:
1562:
1558:
1552:
1549:
1545:
1540:
1537:
1533:
1532:Modjeska 1910
1528:
1525:
1521:
1520:Shattuck 1987
1516:
1513:
1509:
1508:
1501:
1498:
1494:
1489:
1486:
1482:
1481:Shattuck 1987
1477:
1474:
1470:
1465:
1462:
1458:
1457:Modjeska 1910
1453:
1450:
1446:
1441:
1439:
1435:
1431:
1430:Modjeska 1910
1426:
1423:
1419:
1418:Modjeska 1910
1414:
1412:
1408:
1404:
1403:Modjeska 1910
1399:
1396:
1392:
1391:Modjeska 1910
1387:
1385:
1381:
1377:
1376:Modjeska 1910
1372:
1369:
1365:
1364:Modjeska 1910
1360:
1357:
1353:
1347:
1344:
1331:
1327:
1326:
1319:
1316:
1312:
1308:
1305:
1300:
1297:
1293:
1288:
1285:
1281:
1277:
1271:
1268:
1264:
1263:Modjeska 1910
1259:
1256:
1252:
1251:Shattuck 1987
1247:
1244:
1240:
1235:
1232:
1229:, p. 17.
1228:
1227:Modjeska 1910
1223:
1220:
1216:
1211:
1209:
1207:
1203:
1200:, p. 15.
1199:
1198:Modjeska 1910
1194:
1191:
1187:
1186:Shattuck 1987
1182:
1180:
1178:
1176:
1174:
1170:
1157:
1151:
1148:
1142:
1138:
1137:
1133:
1131:
1128:
1126:
1125:List of Poles
1123:
1121:
1118:
1116:
1113:
1112:
1108:
1106:
1104:
1103:Google Doodle
1097:Google Doodle
1096:
1094:
1092:
1091:Bowers Museum
1083:
1081:
1079:
1075:
1071:
1067:
1062:
1060:
1056:
1055:
1049:
1047:
1046:
1041:
1035:In literature
1034:
1032:
1030:
1025:
1023:
1019:
1015:
1011:
1007:
1003:
999:
995:
988:
984:
980:
977:
975:
971:
968:
966:
965:
960:
956:
953:
951:
950:
945:
944:
939:
936:
934:
930:
926:
924:
923:
918:
914:
910:
909:
904:
901:
899:
898:
893:
890:
888:
887:
882:
879:
877:
876:
871:
868:
867:
865:
862:
861:
860:
854:
850:
845:
838:
836:
834:
829:
827:
823:
819:
815:
810:
804:
803:Goodwin Sands
800:
797:
794:
791:
788:
784:
780:
777:
773:
770:
767:
763:
760:
756:
755:Modjeska Peak
753:
750:
747:
744:
741:
738:
737:
736:
733:
731:
727:
720:
715:
708:
706:
704:
699:
697:
693:
688:
686:
682:
677:
674:
671:
668:
666:
662:
658:
653:
651:
650:
645:
641:
640:
635:
631:
630:
624:
622:
618:
614:
610:
606:
605:
600:
596:
592:
587:
583:
582:
577:
573:
565:
561:
557:
543:
536:
534:
532:
528:
524:
523:Shakespearean
518:
516:
512:
508:
504:
500:
496:
492:
488:
484:
480:
476:
470:
468:
463:
456:
449:
448:
443:
438:
431:
429:
427:
423:
419:
414:
412:
411:United States
408:
407:
402:
394:
392:
390:
386:
380:
378:
374:
370:
365:
363:
359:
355:
354:
349:
345:
341:
337:
333:
329:
325:
317:
313:
308:
304:
300:
298:
292:
290:
285:
278:
273:
269:
267:
259:
257:
255:
251:
247:
241:
239:
238:Shakespearean
235:
231:
230:Jadwiga Benda
226:
218:
209:
204:
199:
195:
192:
188:
185:
182:2, including
181:
177:
152:
151:
125:
124:
122:
118:
114:
110:
106:
102:
97:
87:
83:
79:
63:
58:Jadwiga Benda
56:
52:
45:
40:
33:
30:
19:
2242:Find a Grave
2127:
2091:
2062:
2035:
1998:
1990:the original
1967:
1941:
1909:
1893:
1870:
1853:
1849:
1826:
1802:
1765:
1739:
1734:
1722:. Retrieved
1713:
1703:
1695:
1687:
1679:
1676:Susan Sontag
1671:
1660:
1645:
1635:November 24,
1633:. Retrieved
1629:the original
1624:
1615:
1606:
1602:
1593:
1581:
1569:. Retrieved
1560:
1551:
1539:
1527:
1515:
1505:
1500:
1495:, p. 5.
1488:
1476:
1468:
1464:
1452:
1425:
1398:
1371:
1359:
1346:
1336:February 19,
1334:. Retrieved
1324:
1318:
1299:
1287:
1275:
1270:
1258:
1246:
1234:
1222:
1217:, p. 1.
1215:Coleman 1969
1193:
1160:. Retrieved
1150:
1134:
1100:
1087:
1063:
1059:Willa Cather
1052:
1050:
1043:
1040:Susan Sontag
1038:
1026:
1010:Émile Augier
991:
986:
983:Maria Stuart
982:
973:
962:
947:
943:Maria Stuart
941:
933:Luisa Miller
920:
917:Henrik Ibsen
906:
895:
884:
873:
858:
853:Maria Stuart
852:
847:Modjeska as
830:
811:
808:
781:A street in
734:
724:
721:, California
700:
695:
691:
689:
678:
675:
672:
669:
654:
647:
644:Henrik Ibsen
639:Maria Stuart
637:
627:
625:
602:
579:
569:
559:
530:
519:
509:(the future
494:
472:
458:
453:
445:
417:
415:
404:
398:
381:
366:
351:
321:
315:
301:
293:
286:
282:
263:
242:
233:
229:
216:
215:
90:(1909-04-08)
88:8 April 1909
64:Helena Opid)
61:
29:
2262:1909 deaths
2257:1840 births
1546:, p. .
1241:, p. .
1162:November 8,
1158:(in Polish)
1070:Irene Adler
970:Victor Hugo
959:Victor Hugo
908:Richard III
787:Agnes Sorma
766:John Blocki
550: 1879
529:'s memoir,
501:(father of
432:Immigration
406:ziemiaństwo
358:Stanisławów
303:pronounce.
2251:Categories
2112:1028860352
2081:1120919235
2054:1200615950
1841:1120161991
1792:4811171430
1749:References
1724:August 30,
1239:Osnes 2001
1120:Legitimacy
1045:In America
903:Queen Anne
595:Ruan Minor
545:Modjeska,
511:St. Albert
467:Brook Farm
409:). In the
395:Chłapowski
362:Czerniowce
260:Early life
104:Occupation
70:1840-10-12
2021:437170895
1977:557798506
1958:795150396
1950:0307-0190
1862:586347319
1837:557642974
1813:586268615
1571:April 30,
1445:Obst 2000
892:Desdemona
772:Modjeskas
389:patriotic
353:Balladyna
328:Nowy Sącz
201:Signature
190:Relatives
115:1861–1907
2017:50799341
1928:55741538
1823:(1883).
1718:Archived
1565:Archived
1330:Archived
1307:Archived
1109:See also
915:Nora in
805:in 1946.
709:Legacies
661:Prussian
634:Schiller
609:Penzance
369:Viennese
340:Brzeżany
332:Przemyśl
196:(nephew)
179:Children
62:baptized
2159:at the
1879:1333657
1276:modrzew
987:Mazeppa
897:Othello
870:Ophelia
783:Wrocław
665:tsarist
629:Camille
566:, 1880.
447:Camille
422:Sapieha
336:Rzeszów
324:Bochnia
228:; born
172:
164:
160:
149:
137:
133:
120:Spouses
107:Actress
2134:
2110:
2100:
2079:
2069:
2052:
2042:
2015:
2005:
1975:
1956:
1948:
1926:
1916:
1877:
1860:
1835:
1811:
1790:
1780:
994:Polish
881:Juliet
875:Hamlet
855:, 1886
851:, in
632:, and
505:) and
450:, 1878
377:Warsaw
318:, 1867
279:, 1865
98:, U.S.
2200:Other
1852:[
1280:larch
1143:Notes
974:Tisbé
839:Roles
726:Arden
477:near
475:ranch
426:salon
401:count
166:(
162:
139:(
135:
2132:ISBN
2108:OCLC
2098:ISBN
2077:OCLC
2067:ISBN
2050:OCLC
2040:ISBN
2013:OCLC
2003:ISBN
1973:OCLC
1954:OCLC
1946:ISSN
1924:OCLC
1914:ISBN
1875:OCLC
1858:OCLC
1833:OCLC
1809:OCLC
1788:OCLC
1778:ISBN
1726:2009
1637:2016
1607:LVII
1573:2010
1338:2009
1164:2021
1020:and
1006:fils
1004:and
985:and
946:and
696:Czas
418:Kraj
360:and
344:Lwów
338:and
145:div.
85:Died
54:Born
2240:at
1770:doi
1057:by
981:'s
972:'s
961:'s
957:in
940:'s
931:'s
919:'s
905:in
894:in
883:in
872:in
646:'s
636:'s
578:'s
444:',
350:'s
314:in
2253::
2106:.
2075:.
2048:.
2034:.
2019:,
2011:.
1952:.
1940:.
1922:.
1908:.
1892:.
1839:,
1786:.
1776:.
1764:.
1716:.
1712:.
1678:,
1659:.
1623:.
1605:.
1563:.
1559:.
1437:^
1410:^
1383:^
1282:."
1205:^
1172:^
1061:.
1024:.
1016:,
1012:,
1008:,
1000:,
866::
835:.
828:.
761:).
732:.
687:.
623:.
615:,
547:c.
533:.
517:.
481:.
428:.
334:,
330:,
326:,
256:.
168:m.
141:m.
2140:.
2083:.
2023:.
1930:.
1896:.
1881:.
1864:.
1794:.
1772::
1728:.
1698:.
1639:.
1575:.
1447:.
1340:.
1166:.
219:(
72:)
68:(
60:(
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
