178:
370:
166:
258:
246:
192:
650:
which were forced to crash-dive and wait on the bottom the rest of the day. The submarines were undamaged. At 23:08, having managed to signal the submarines to meet his
Raiders at the entrance to Makin Lagoon, Carlson had a team led by Lieutenant Charlie Lamb build a raft made up of three rubber boats and two native canoes powered by the two remaining outboard motors. Using that raft, 72 exhausted Raiders sailed 4 miles (6.4 km) from Makin to the mouth of the lagoon, where the submarines picked them up.
659:
646:
effort, 11 of 18 boats were unable to breach the unexpectedly strong surf. Having lost most of their weapons and equipment, the exhausted survivors struggled back to the beach to link up with 20 fully armed men, who had been left on the island to cover their withdrawal. An exhausted and dispirited
Carlson dispatched a note to the Japanese commander that offered to surrender, but the Japanese messenger was killed by other Marines, who were unaware of Carlson's plan.
228:
216:
626:, which were wiped out by the Raiders, thus killing most of the Japanese on the island. At 09:00 Peatross and his 12 men found themselves behind the Japanese, who were fighting the rest of the Raiders to the east. Peatross's unit killed eight Japanese and Kanemitsu, knocked out a machine gun, and destroyed the enemy radios, while suffering three dead and two wounded. Failing to contact Carlson, they withdrew to the submarines at dusk as planned.
704:
579:
377:
649:
At 09:00 on 18 August, the submarines sent a rescue boat to stretch rope from the ships to the shore that would allow the remaining
Raiders' boats to be pulled out to sea. However, just as the operation began, Japanese planes arrived and attacked, sinking the rescue boat and attacking the submarines,
617:
and a 12-man squad landed on Makin. In the confusion of the landing, they did not get word of
Carlson's decision to change plans and to land all the Raiders on one beach. Thus, Peatross and his men landed where they originally planned. It turned out to be a fortunate error. Undaunted by the lack of
711:
Although the Marine
Raiders succeeded in killing over half of the Imperial Japanese garrison on the island, the raid failed to meet its other material objectives. No Japanese prisoners were taken, and no meaningful intelligence was collected. Also, no significant Japanese forces were diverted from
694:
states that 60 Japanese were killed in the sinking of one of the boats. Japanese records indicate 46 killed of all ranks (not including the purported large casualties
Carlson reported for the boats he had sunk). This was confirmed when supporting Japanese forces returned to the island and found 27
565:
created the Makin Atoll
Garrison in 1942. It was part of the Marshall Islands Garrison and was officially titled the 62nd Garrison Force. At the time of the Makin raid the total force opposing the American landing consisted of 71 armed personnel of the Japanese seaplane base led by Warrant Officer
678:. Of the 12 Marines missing in action, one was later identified among the 19 Marine Corps graves found on Makin Island. Of the remaining 11 Marines missing in action, 9 were inadvertently left behind or returned to the island during the night withdrawal. They were subsequently captured, moved to
720:
were highlighted by the raid, the
Japanese strengthened their fortifications and defensive preparations on the islands in the central Pacific. As a result, the objective to dissipate Japanese forces may have had the unintended consequence of causing heavier losses for American forces during the
645:
At 19:30 on 17 August the
Raiders began to withdraw from the island using 18 rubber boats, many of which no longer had working outboard motors. Despite heavy surf, seven boats with 93 men made it to the subs. The attempt by most of the Raiders to reach the submarines failed. Despite significant
545:
and comprised a small battalion command group and two of the battalion's rifle companies. Because of space limitations aboard ship, each company embarked without one of its rifle sections. Headquarters
Battalion, A Company, and 18 men from B Company—totalling 121 Marines—embarked
570:) Kyuzaburo Kanemitsu of the Special Naval Landing Force equipped with light weapons. There were also four members of the seaplane tender base and three members of a meteorological unit. Two civilian personnel were attached to the Japanese forces as interpreters and civilian administrators.
689:
Carlson reported that he had personally counted 83 Japanese bodies and estimated that 160 Japanese were killed based on reports from the Makin Island natives with whom he spoke. Additional Japanese personnel may have been killed in the destruction of two boats and two aircraft. Historian
621:
At 07:00 with Company A leading, the Raiders advanced from the beach across the island to its north shore before attacking southwestward. Strong resistance from Japanese snipers and machine guns stalled the advance and inflicted casualties. The Japanese then launched two
613:, successfully landed on Makin. The landing had been very difficult because of rough seas, high surf, and the failure of many of the outboard motors. Carlson decided to land all his men on one beach, rather than two beaches as originally planned. At 05:15, Lieutenant
61:
1298:
420:
1328:
1009:
981:
1338:
1333:
1288:
1303:
749:
in Hawaii where they were identified. Six of these Marines were returned to their families for private burial ceremonies. The remaining 13 were buried with full honors at
1293:
413:
369:
1308:
633:, arrived over Makin. The flying boats, carrying reinforcements for the Japanese garrison, attempted to land in the lagoon but were met with machine gun, rifle and
385:
1283:
1268:
1205:
758:
406:
686:
was subsequently tried and executed by the Allies for the murder of the nine Marines. The remaining two Marines missing in action were not accounted for.
637:
fire from the Raiders. One plane crashed, and the other burst into flames. The remaining planes bombed and strafed but inflicted no American casualties.
530:
1163:
1323:
1114:
1092:
1054:
990:
933:
722:
430:
43:
1100:
114:
903:
502:
842:
1278:
1248:
1073:
1035:
1137:
1273:
746:
609:
shortly after midnight on 17 August. At 05:13, Companies A and B of the 2nd Raider Battalion, commanded by Lieutenant Colonel
1143:
541:
The raid was among the earliest American offensive ground combat operations of World War II. The force was drawn from the
533:. Only the first of these objectives were achieved, but the raid did boost morale and provide a test for Raider tactics.
444:
1318:
1313:
750:
1181:
1217:
495:
183:
65:
707:
This is a plaque commemorating the Makin Island Raid in 1942. This plaque is located on the island of Kwajalein.
562:
522:
553:
514:
77:
1000:
972:
691:
634:
526:
1253:
1176:– Briefly describes the Makin Raid and its impact on future U.S. operations in the Gilbert Islands.
864:
547:
469:
464:
658:
1213:
725:. However, the raid did succeed in its objectives of boosting morale and testing Raider tactics.
476:
1155:
741:
In 2000, 58 years after the raid, the remains of 19 Marines were found on Makin Island through
1240:
1110:
1088:
1069:
1050:
1031:
1014:
986:
929:
907:
838:
779:
675:
220:
964:
Pearl Harbor To Guadalcanal, History Of The Marine Corps Operations In World War II, Volume I
945:
Pearl Harbor To Guadalcanal, History Of The Marine Corps Operations In World War II, Volume I
786:. Thomason was the first enlisted Marine to receive the Medal of Honor during World War II.
671:
454:
263:
1138:
From Makin to Bougainville: Marine Raiders in the Pacific War by Major Jon T Hoffman, USMCR
771:
717:
713:
703:
679:
594:
518:
510:
459:
257:
245:
197:
398:
1151:
877:
783:
767:
761:
742:
683:
614:
606:
542:
498:
286:
250:
962:
944:
853:
662:
A Marine Raider, injured during the Makin operation, is lifted through a hatch on USS
1262:
735:
623:
610:
232:
227:
215:
171:
108:
589:
On 17 August 1942 the Marine Raiders were launched in "Landing Craft Rubber Large" (
69:
60:
51:
578:
17:
630:
47:
1146:, press release by Commander, Submarines Pacific, in 2000 summarizing the raid.
775:
598:
506:
308:
104:
129:
116:
754:
928:
Sato Kazumasa, "Gyokusai no Shima," Kojinsha Press, Tokyo, 2004, pp. 54–55
730:
602:
1234:
1216:, Chief of Naval Operations, Submarine Warfare Division. Archived from
1018:
552:, and the remainder of B Company—totalling 90 men—embarked aboard
1107:
Forgotten Raiders of '42: The Fate of the Marines Left Behind on Makin
835:
Forgotten Raiders of '42: The fate of the Marines Left Behind on Makin
716:
area. In fact, because the vulnerabilities to their garrisons in the
73:
1064:
Peatross, Oscar F. (1995). John P. McCarthy; John Clayborne (eds.).
27:
U.S. raid against Japanese forces in the Pacific during World War II
558:. The raiding force was designated Task Group 7.15 (TG 7.15).
702:
657:
577:
977:
Coral Sea, Midway and Submarine Actions, May 1942 – August 1942,
1123:
Young, Howard. "Carlson's Raiders on Makin, 17–18 August 1942",
590:
521:
area, and divert Japanese attention and reinforcements from the
402:
745:
excavation and recovery then sent to the Defense Department's
1189:
From Makin to Bougainville: Marine Raiders in the Pacific War
1160:
United States Army in World War II – The War in the Pacific
1005:
Aleutians, Gilberts and Marshalls, June 1942 – April 1944,
961:
Hough, Frank O.; Verle E. Ludwig; Henry I. Shaw Jr (1958).
764:
spoke. The remaining 11 Marines have not yet been located.
1206:"Submarine Commandos: 'Carlson's Raiders' at Makin Atoll"
1010:
History of United States Naval Operations in World War II
982:
History of United States Naval Operations in World War II
1236:'Gung Ho!': The Story of Carlson's Makin Island Raiders
1028:
US Special Warfare Units in the Pacific Theatre 1941–45
882:
History of U.S. Marine Corps Operations in World War II
738:
was employed as a technical advisor during production.
1245:– U.S. propaganda film that dramatizes the Makin Raid.
985:. Champaign, Illinois: University of Illinois Press.
1299:
Battles of World War II involving the United States
666:
to be taken ashore at Pearl Harbor, 26 August 1942.
1085:Carlson's Raid: The Daring Marine Assault on Makin
1329:Amphibious operations involving the United States
1066:Bless 'em All: The Raider Marines of World War II
778:citation for their efforts during the raid, and
82:following the Makin Island raid, 26 August 1942.
1026:Rottman, Gordon (2005). Duncan Anderson (ed.).
967:. Washington, D.C.: United States Marine Corps.
509:) in the Pacific Ocean. The aim was to destroy
36:
1339:Attacks on buildings and structures in Oceania
1334:Attacks on military installations in the 1940s
1289:Military history of Japan during World War II
414:
8:
629:At 13:30, 12 Japanese planes, including two
376:
1047:Carlson's Marine Raiders; Makin Island 1942
682:, and executed by Japanese forces. Admiral
1304:United States Marine Corps in World War II
1140:, official USMC historical account of raid
421:
407:
399:
33:
1144:World War II Submarines and Marines Unite
494:(17–18 August 1942) was an attack by the
1166:, Department of the Army. pp. 60–66
804:Coral Sea, Midway, and Submarine Actions
1294:Battles of World War II involving Japan
1164:Office of the Chief of Military History
1156:"Seizure of the Gilberts and Marshalls"
795:
1309:1942 in the Gilbert and Ellice Islands
723:Gilbert and Marshall Islands campaigns
618:support, Peatross led his men inland.
1284:Pacific Ocean theatre of World War II
1269:Gilbert and Marshall Islands campaign
1013:. Boston: Little, Brown and Company.
432:Gilbert and Marshall Islands campaign
44:Gilbert and Marshall Islands campaign
7:
513:installations, take prisoners, gain
884:. History Branch, U.S. Marine Corps
734:was loosely based on the raid, and
1254:list of 9 USMC Killed on Kwajelein
1105:Wiles, W. Emerson "Tripp" (2007).
1049:. Oxford: Osprey Raid Series #44.
728:The 1943 American propaganda film
25:
747:Central Identification Laboratory
670:USMC casualties were given as 18
1233:Enright, Ray (Director) (1943).
1191:. Marine Corps Historical Center
695:Japanese survivors of the raid.
375:
368:
256:
244:
226:
214:
190:
176:
164:
76:on board the American submarine
59:
505:on Makin Island (now known as
1:
537:Preparations and organization
389:Location within Pacific Ocean
1249:list of 19 USMC KIA on Makin
1045:Rottman, Gordon L. (2014).
837:Potomac Books, Inc., p. 27
753:after a funeral service at
751:Arlington National Cemetery
338:9 captured (later executed)
1355:
815:Rottman (2005), pp. 59–60.
496:United States Marine Corps
184:Gilbert and Ellice Islands
149:American strategic victory
1083:Smith, George W. (2003).
904:"Missing Marines Website"
597:powered by small, 6
440:
363:
323:
285:211 troops (from the 2nd
276:
262:KyuzaburĹŤ Kanemitsu
204:
157:
86:
58:
41:
1324:Japan–Kiribati relations
1279:Kiribati in World War II
1180:Hoffman, Jon T. (1995).
878:"Victory and Occupation"
782:posthumously received a
503:Japanese military forces
445:Marshalls–Gilberts raids
353:2 flying boats destroyed
1274:Wars involving Kiribati
1239:(Feature-length film).
1127:87(8): August 31, 2003.
854:Pacific Wrecks website
708:
667:
586:
563:Imperial Japanese Navy
205:Commanders and leaders
1099:Review of this book:
1001:Morison, Samuel Eliot
973:Morison, Samuel Eliot
833:Wiles, Tripp (2007).
706:
661:
582:Makin as seen by USS
581:
546:aboard the submarine
324:Casualties and losses
1125:Marine Corps Gazette
692:Samuel Eliot Morison
635:Boys anti-tank rifle
543:2nd Raider Battalion
492:Raid on Makin Island
386:class=notpageimage|
37:Raid on Makin Island
1204:Whitman, Edward C.
876:Frank and Shaw, q.
770:(posthumously) and
126: /
1319:August 1942 events
1314:World War II raids
1241:Universal Pictures
1220:on 7 December 2006
1214:United States Navy
1150:Crowl, Philip A.;
1030:. Oxford: Osprey.
709:
668:
587:
356:2 small boats sunk
103:Makin Island (now
1116:978-1-59797-055-6
1109:. Potomac Books.
1094:978-0-425-19019-7
1087:. Berkley Trade.
1056:978-1-4728-0327-6
992:978-0-252-06995-6
934:978-4-7698-2272-1
865:Leatherneck forum
780:Clyde A. Thomason
743:bioarchaeological
676:missing in action
511:Imperial Japanese
485:
484:
397:
396:
221:Chester W. Nimitz
153:
152:
130:3.150°N 172.833°E
94:17–18 August 1942
18:Makin Island raid
16:(Redirected from
1346:
1244:
1229:
1227:
1225:
1210:Undersea Warfare
1200:
1198:
1196:
1186:
1175:
1173:
1171:
1120:
1098:
1079:
1060:
1041:
1022:
996:
968:
948:
942:
936:
926:
920:
919:
917:
915:
906:. Archived from
900:
894:
893:
891:
889:
873:
867:
862:
856:
851:
845:
831:
825:
822:
816:
813:
807:
800:
774:each received a
757:Chapel at which
672:killed in action
595:inflatable boats
435:
433:
423:
416:
409:
400:
379:
378:
372:
268:
261:
260:
249:
248:
231:
230:
219:
218:
200:
196:
194:
193:
182:
180:
179:
170:
168:
167:
141:
140:
138:
137:
136:
131:
127:
124:
123:
122:
119:
88:
87:
63:
34:
21:
1354:
1353:
1349:
1348:
1347:
1345:
1344:
1343:
1259:
1258:
1232:
1223:
1221:
1203:
1194:
1192:
1184:
1179:
1169:
1167:
1149:
1134:
1117:
1104:
1095:
1082:
1076:
1063:
1057:
1044:
1038:
1025:
999:
993:
971:
960:
957:
952:
951:
943:
939:
927:
923:
913:
911:
910:on 10 June 2016
902:
901:
897:
887:
885:
875:
874:
870:
863:
859:
852:
848:
832:
828:
823:
819:
814:
810:
806:, pp. 235–241).
801:
797:
792:
772:James Roosevelt
721:battles of the
718:Gilbert Islands
714:Solomon Islands
701:
680:Kwajalein Atoll
656:
643:
607:outboard motors
576:
539:
519:Gilbert Islands
488:
487:
486:
481:
436:
431:
429:
427:
393:
392:
391:
390:
388:
382:
381:
380:
359:
344:
319:
295:
272:
264:
255:
243:
237:
225:
213:
191:
189:
188:
177:
175:
174:
165:
163:
134:
132:
128:
125:
120:
117:
115:
113:
112:
111:
64:
48:Pacific Theater
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1352:
1350:
1342:
1341:
1336:
1331:
1326:
1321:
1316:
1311:
1306:
1301:
1296:
1291:
1286:
1281:
1276:
1271:
1261:
1260:
1257:
1256:
1251:
1246:
1230:
1201:
1177:
1152:Edmund G. Love
1147:
1141:
1133:
1132:External links
1130:
1129:
1128:
1121:
1115:
1102:
1093:
1080:
1074:
1061:
1055:
1042:
1036:
1023:
997:
991:
969:
956:
953:
950:
949:
937:
921:
895:
868:
857:
846:
843:978-1597970556
826:
817:
808:
794:
793:
791:
788:
784:Medal of Honor
768:Dallas H. Cook
762:James L. Jones
700:
697:
655:
652:
642:
639:
624:banzai charges
615:Oscar Peatross
575:
572:
538:
535:
483:
482:
480:
479:
474:
467:
462:
457:
452:
447:
441:
438:
437:
428:
426:
425:
418:
411:
403:
395:
394:
384:
383:
374:
373:
367:
366:
365:
364:
361:
360:
358:
357:
354:
351:
347:
345:
343:
342:
339:
336:
333:
329:
326:
325:
321:
320:
318:
317:
314:
311:
305:
304:69 other ranks
302:
298:
296:
294:
293:
290:
282:
279:
278:
274:
273:
271:
270:
253:
240:
238:
236:
235:
223:
210:
207:
206:
202:
201:
186:
160:
159:
155:
154:
151:
150:
147:
143:
142:
135:3.150; 172.833
102:
100:
96:
95:
92:
84:
83:
56:
55:
39:
38:
32:
31:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1351:
1340:
1337:
1335:
1332:
1330:
1327:
1325:
1322:
1320:
1317:
1315:
1312:
1310:
1307:
1305:
1302:
1300:
1297:
1295:
1292:
1290:
1287:
1285:
1282:
1280:
1277:
1275:
1272:
1270:
1267:
1266:
1264:
1255:
1252:
1250:
1247:
1242:
1238:
1237:
1231:
1219:
1215:
1211:
1207:
1202:
1190:
1183:
1178:
1165:
1161:
1157:
1153:
1148:
1145:
1142:
1139:
1136:
1135:
1131:
1126:
1122:
1118:
1112:
1108:
1103:
1101:
1096:
1090:
1086:
1081:
1077:
1075:0-9652325-0-6
1071:
1067:
1062:
1058:
1052:
1048:
1043:
1039:
1037:1-84176-707-7
1033:
1029:
1024:
1020:
1016:
1012:
1011:
1006:
1002:
998:
994:
988:
984:
983:
978:
974:
970:
966:
965:
959:
958:
954:
946:
941:
938:
935:
931:
925:
922:
909:
905:
899:
896:
883:
879:
872:
869:
866:
861:
858:
855:
850:
847:
844:
840:
836:
830:
827:
821:
818:
812:
809:
805:
799:
796:
789:
787:
785:
781:
777:
773:
769:
765:
763:
760:
756:
752:
748:
744:
739:
737:
736:Evans Carlson
733:
732:
726:
724:
719:
715:
705:
698:
696:
693:
687:
685:
681:
677:
673:
665:
660:
653:
651:
647:
640:
638:
636:
632:
627:
625:
619:
616:
612:
611:Evans Carlson
608:
604:
600:
596:
592:
585:
580:
573:
571:
569:
564:
559:
557:
556:
551:
550:
544:
536:
534:
532:
528:
524:
520:
516:
512:
508:
504:
500:
497:
493:
478:
475:
473:
472:
468:
466:
463:
461:
458:
456:
453:
451:
448:
446:
443:
442:
439:
434:
424:
419:
417:
412:
410:
405:
404:
401:
387:
371:
362:
355:
352:
349:
348:
346:
340:
337:
334:
331:
330:
328:
327:
322:
316:3 small ships
315:
312:
310:
306:
303:
300:
299:
297:
291:
288:
287:Marine Raider
284:
283:
281:
280:
275:
269:
267:
259:
254:
252:
247:
242:
241:
239:
234:
233:Evans Carlson
229:
224:
222:
217:
212:
211:
209:
208:
203:
199:
187:
185:
173:
172:United States
162:
161:
156:
148:
145:
144:
139:
110:
109:Pacific Ocean
106:
101:
98:
97:
93:
90:
89:
85:
81:
80:
75:
71:
67:
62:
57:
53:
49:
45:
40:
35:
30:
19:
1235:
1222:. Retrieved
1218:the original
1209:
1193:. Retrieved
1188:
1168:. Retrieved
1159:
1124:
1106:
1084:
1065:
1046:
1027:
1008:
1004:
980:
976:
963:
955:Bibliography
940:
924:
912:. Retrieved
908:the original
898:
888:28 September
886:. Retrieved
881:
871:
860:
849:
834:
829:
820:
811:
803:
798:
766:
740:
729:
727:
710:
688:
669:
663:
648:
644:
631:flying boats
628:
620:
588:
583:
567:
560:
554:
548:
540:
525:landings on
515:intelligence
491:
489:
470:
449:
307:2 civilians
292:2 submarines
265:
158:Belligerents
78:
70:Pearl Harbor
66:U.S. Marines
52:World War II
42:Part of the
29:
1224:21 November
1195:21 November
527:Guadalcanal
313:13 aircraft
133: /
1263:Categories
1185:(brochure)
1170:23 January
1068:. Review.
1019:B0007FBB8I
1007:vol. 7 of
979:vol. 4 of
802:(Morison,
790:References
776:Navy Cross
759:Commandant
654:Casualties
641:Evacuation
601:(4.5
568:Heisouchou
507:Butaritari
335:17 wounded
301:2 officers
289:Battalion)
105:Butaritari
68:return to
975:(2001) .
947:, p. 284.
755:Fort Myer
699:Aftermath
471:Hailstone
465:Kwajalein
460:2nd Makin
450:1st Makin
350:46 killed
341:2 missing
332:19 killed
1154:(1955).
1003:(1961).
731:Gung Ho!
684:Abe KĹŤsĹŤ
664:Argonaut
584:Nautilus
555:Nautilus
549:Argonaut
477:Eniwetok
309:attached
277:Strength
251:KĹŤsĹŤ Abe
121:172°50′E
99:Location
79:Nautilus
1182:"Makin"
674:and 12
517:on the
499:Raiders
266:†
46:of the
1113:
1091:
1072:
1053:
1034:
1017:
989:
932:
914:10 May
841:
824:第62č¦ĺ‚™éšŠ
531:Tulagi
523:Allied
455:Tarawa
195:
181:
169:
146:Result
118:3°09′N
74:Hawaii
198:Japan
1226:2006
1197:2006
1172:2007
1111:ISBN
1089:ISBN
1070:ISBN
1051:ISBN
1032:ISBN
1015:ASIN
987:ISBN
930:ISBN
916:2016
890:2012
839:ISBN
712:the
591:LCRL
574:Raid
561:The
529:and
490:The
91:Date
501:on
107:),
1265::
1212:.
1208:.
1187:.
1162:.
1158:.
880:.
605:)
603:kW
599:hp
593:)
72:,
1243:.
1228:.
1199:.
1174:.
1119:.
1097:.
1078:.
1059:.
1040:.
1021:.
995:.
918:.
892:.
566:(
422:e
415:t
408:v
54:)
50:(
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
