151:. Of the killed, 30 were reported to be women, three were children and the rest were men. Some of the newspapers reported the stampede took place soon after the chief minister reached the tank. This is attributed by the fact that the stampede occurred 200 metres away from the special bathing ghat arranged for the chief minister. The whole accident occurred within a span of 5 minutes with pilgrims rushing up for a holy dip in auspicious time, and also for viewing the chief minister as reported by
19:
232:
170:
147:. Tens of thousands of pilgrims thronged the event and in the heat of the situation, 47 people were crushed to death when a building collapsed. This resulted in a stampede that resulted in another 50 getting injured. At least 15 people were reported killed in the rubble, and others were apparently crushed in fleeing crowd as reported by the
127:
248:
employed closed to 20,000 security personnel for the estimated 20 lakh visitors. The festivities were spaced out to 10 days to allow pilgrims to take sacred bath from day one. Around 3000 railway police personnel were employed for the 17 Feb function. Southern railways operated additional trains via
122:
Festival deities from all the temples in
Kumbakonam arrive at the tank and at noon, all the deities bathe along with the devotees - it is called "Theerthavari". The purificatory bath is believed to remove sins and after the dip, pilgrims offer charitable gifts in the hope of being rewarded in the
117:
festival of South India is celebrated at
Mahamaham tank. Vast crowds gather at Kumbakonam to have a dip in the tank, along with saints and philosophers. All the rivers of India are believed to meet at the tank on this day and a purificatory bath at this tank on this day is considered equal to the
243:
500 million) for developing the local infrastructure of
Kumbakonam. It included 88 lakhs (Rs8.8 million) sanctioned for carrying out public health measures and sanitary arrangements 21 shutter gates were set up at the approaches to the tank and the exits were clearly identified. Closed circuit
161:, the inspector-general of police is quoted as saying "a concrete superstructure of a building on the northern bank of the bank collapsed under the weight of those standing on it to watch the festival". The final official number of victims stood at 50 with another 74 getting injured.
196:
that "the unfortunate situation developed when a grill over the compound wall abutting the Bangur
Dharmashala and the pillars collapsed on the northern tank owing to the enormous pressure of people who had assembled on both sides of the compound
65:
The Tank is located in the heart of
Kumbakonam town. It covers an area of 6.2 acres and is trapezoidal in shape. The tank is surrounded by 16 small Mandapams (shrines) and has 21 wells inside the tank. The names of the wells carry the name of
261:
held in 1992. But I must say that these police officials have done a much better job than that during my time,". He also insisted on documenting the event proceedings that involved meticulous planning and execution of security arrangements.
188:
On 18 February, after much demands for a judicial enquiry, the
Government of Tamil Nadu announced a magisterial enquiry with the additional collector heading it. On 20 February, the government issued a detailed press note indicating
266:, the national television channel, telecast the event live for the first time. Keeping the eventualities in mind, Jayalalitha, the chief minister during the 2004 festival also, stayed away from the function.
157:
on 19 February. Most newspapers also reported that the western and southern sides were cordoned off for security purposes and people could enter and exit only through the northern and eastern sides.
123:
current life and subsequent lives. The temple cars of major temples in
Kumbakonam come around the city on the festival night. During the Mahamaham of 1992, the number of devotees reached 1 million.
139:
On 18 February 1992, the then chief minister of Tamil Nadu, Jayalalitha and her friend
Sasikala had a holy dip in the tank at around 12:15 p.m. The proceeds were initiated by the Shankaracharya of
193:
the arrangements for the 1992 festival were the same as that of 1968 and 1980. The entry of pilgrims were allowed from the northern and southern sides and exits from the eastern and western sides.
219:
that the chief minister's enclosure was very small one being 20' X 12' and the newspaper reports of lathicharge on people eagerly viewing the chief minister leading to stampede is malicious.
253:
to
Kumbakonam. Around 5-6 lakh railway travel tickets were sold for the event compared to the 1.5 lakh for the 1992 event. In the aftermath felicitation event held on 30 March in
207:
that the food packets were thrown out to the pilgrims, resulting in the initiation of the crowd causing the grill and concrete to break, resulting in the stampede.
776:
1747:
185:
party that ruled the state that time. It was widely criticised by the media that a government announcement was made together with a party announcement.
1739:
182:
1707:
869:
213:
that the allegation that the stampede occurred on account of lathicharge was totally baseless as no lathi charge was made throughout the festival.
827:
687:
816:
795:
760:
739:
718:
660:
639:
591:
559:
527:
1504:
1034:
1026:
1186:
222:
finally the Vishwa Hindu
Parishad was making unfounded allegations as it wanted to take credit of the smooth conduct of the festival.
1816:
1269:
1464:
1381:
257:, the retired Deputy General of Police, Walter Davaram was quoted as saying "I take moral responsibility for the fiasco during the
1826:
1821:
1811:
1058:
1675:
1365:
1106:
1779:
1624:
1333:
1325:
1317:
954:
181:
announced a compensation of one lakh (100,000) rupees for the deceased, which included a sum of 30,000 rupees given by the
1261:
970:
49:. An estimated 50 people were killed in the stampede that left another 74 injured. The festival was attended by the then
1806:
1771:
1683:
1552:
1488:
1309:
1154:
1138:
1074:
50:
806:
785:
750:
729:
1731:
1723:
1699:
1349:
1253:
986:
887:
878:
862:
275:
1691:
708:
650:
310:
1643:
1285:
1277:
994:
1651:
1456:
1130:
1018:
1763:
1544:
1480:
1440:
1237:
1210:
1066:
1010:
911:
417:
178:
629:
1568:
1528:
1090:
216:
that the incident took place at 1:00 p.m. long after the chief minister left the place at around 12:15 p.m.
1667:
1592:
1536:
1448:
1408:
1098:
927:
855:
239:
The Mahamaham event of 2004 passed off without any mishaps. The state government spent nearly 50 crores (
1608:
1373:
1357:
1122:
1002:
978:
962:
919:
903:
201:
1584:
1520:
1496:
1424:
1178:
831:
691:
148:
18:
1801:
1659:
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455:
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30:
601:
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245:
82:
78:
670:
1715:
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1050:
935:
1114:
110:
74:
158:
98:
34:
1795:
1162:
240:
42:
93:
and stone steps around this tank. Masimaham is an annual event that occurs in the
263:
244:
surveillance television was employed for video surveillance and crowd control.
140:
94:
54:
318:
847:
250:
114:
46:
38:
710:
International Dictionary of Historical Places - Middle East and Africa, Vol.5
631:
Hindu Pilgrimage: A Journey Through the Holy Places of Hindus All Over India
596:
564:
532:
153:
86:
67:
90:
459:
231:
169:
254:
126:
230:
168:
125:
119:
102:
70:
17:
317:. London, England: The Independent. 16 July 1996. Archived from
106:
851:
249:
Kumbakonam in the new broad gauge converted railway lines from
204:, a Hindu party, as a clinic and for distributing food packets.
210:
that there was not a single death due to drowning in the tank
752:
Uproot Hindutva: the fiery voice of the liberation panthers
830:. Calcutta, India: The Telegraph India. Archived from
707:
International Dictionary of Historical Places (1996).
808:
Love's rite: same-sex marriage in India and the West
497:
Government of Tamil Nadu G.O. (4D) No.8, 15 Oct 2003
1634:
1399:
1228:
945:
894:
600:. Chennai, India. 27 February 2004. Archived from
536:. Chennai, India. 18 February 2004. Archived from
359:International Dictionary of Historical Places 1996
749:Thol, Thirumaavalavan; Meena Kandaswamy (2004).
690:. Calcutta, India: The Telegraph. Archived from
673:. The Government of Tamil Nadu. 15 October 2003
568:. Chennai, India. 30 March 2004. Archived from
528:"3,000 Railway police personnel for Mahamaham"
863:
731:History, Religion and Culture of India, Vol.3
560:"Mahamaham preparations should be documented"
8:
508:
506:
504:
446:"Mahamaham Stampede Deaths in Tamil Nadu".
235:A section of tank during Masimagam festival
870:
856:
848:
775:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
655:. New Delhi: New India Publishing Agency.
790:. New Delhi: Asian Educational Services.
381:
379:
173:File picture of yearly Masimaham festival
713:. Chicago: Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers.
522:
520:
200:that the Bangur Dharmashala was used by
183:All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam
118:combined dips in all the holy rivers of
105:. Once in twelve years, when the planet
29:was a disaster that occurred during the
412:
410:
287:
768:
652:All You Wanted To Know About Disasters
441:
439:
437:
435:
354:
352:
350:
348:
293:
291:
400:
398:
396:
394:
7:
61:The Tank and the Mahamaham festival
22:A file picture of Mahamham festival
358:
57:, who had a holy dip in the tank.
14:
454:(13): 625ā627. 18 February 1992.
311:"60 Hindus Die in Festival Crush"
826:Venkatesh, M.R. (8 March 2004).
811:. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
686:Venkatesh, M.R. (6 March 2004).
404:The Indian Express, 8 March 2004
130:Night view of the Mahamaham tank
101:(FebruaryāMarch) in the star of
33:on 18 February 1992 around the
512:
1:
448:Economic and Political Weekly
420:. Chron.com. 18 February 1992
628:Bansal, Sunita Pant (2008).
418:"Houston Chronicle Archives"
51:Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu
1740:Basra International Stadium
1059:Xinjiang 61st Regiment Farm
888:List of fatal crowd crushes
879:Crowd collapses and crushes
784:V., Vriddhagirisan (1995).
472:
339:
276:2004 Kumbakonam School Fire
1843:
688:"Hi-tech rein on pilgrims"
634:. Delhi: Hindology Books.
109:(Jupiter) enters the sign
89:, constructed the sixteen
885:
734:. New Delhi: Isha Books.
484:
297:
1817:Human stampedes in India
1270:Akashi pedestrian bridge
179:Government of Tamil Nadu
1827:Human stampedes in 1992
1822:1992 disasters in India
1812:Disasters in Tamil Nadu
828:"VHP scare at holy dip"
496:
385:
370:
37:located in the town of
315:Reuter, Mohan Narvaria
236:
174:
131:
23:
1286:The Station nightclub
955:Shiloh Baptist Church
805:Vanita, Ruth (2005).
728:S., Gajarani (2004).
649:B.K., Khanna (2005).
329:– via HighBeam.
234:
202:Vishwa Hindu Parishad
172:
129:
21:
1262:Accra Sports Stadium
1027:El Progreso Bullring
540:on 11 September 2004
149:Press Trust of India
1807:1990s in Tamil Nadu
1684:Vaishno Devi Temple
1676:Astroworld Festival
1310:Mandher Devi temple
1187:Haridwar and Ujjain
1139:Oppenheimer Stadium
1075:Karaiskakis Stadium
513:The Telegraph, 2004
81:, the chieftain of
1724:Kanjuruhan Stadium
1569:Colectiv nightclub
1505:Stade Tata Raphaƫl
1350:PhilSports Stadium
1334:Chennai (December)
1326:Chennai (November)
1254:Ellis Park Stadium
321:on 3 February 2014
237:
175:
145:Jayendra Saraswati
132:
31:Mahamaham festival
27:Mahamaham Stampede
24:
1789:
1788:
1449:Port Said Stadium
1366:Naina Devi temple
1318:Al-Aaimmah bridge
1107:Dasharath Stadium
1099:Shanghai Lujiazui
818:978-1-4039-7038-1
797:978-81-206-0996-9
787:Nayaks of Tanjore
762:978-81-85604-79-4
741:978-81-8205-061-7
720:978-1-4039-7038-1
662:978-81-89422-13-4
641:978-81-223-0997-3
246:Tamil Nadu Police
79:Govinda Dikshitar
1834:
1782:
1774:
1766:
1758:
1750:
1742:
1734:
1726:
1718:
1710:
1702:
1694:
1686:
1678:
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1662:
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1603:
1595:
1587:
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1555:
1547:
1539:
1531:
1523:
1515:
1507:
1499:
1491:
1483:
1475:
1467:
1465:Houphouƫt-Boigny
1459:
1457:Satsanga Deoghar
1451:
1443:
1435:
1427:
1419:
1411:
1392:
1384:
1382:Houphouƫt-Boigny
1376:
1368:
1360:
1352:
1344:
1336:
1328:
1320:
1312:
1304:
1296:
1288:
1280:
1272:
1264:
1256:
1248:
1240:
1221:
1213:
1205:
1197:
1189:
1181:
1173:
1165:
1157:
1149:
1141:
1133:
1125:
1117:
1109:
1101:
1093:
1085:
1077:
1069:
1061:
1053:
1045:
1037:
1029:
1021:
1019:Estadio Nacional
1013:
1005:
997:
989:
981:
973:
965:
963:Iroquois Theatre
957:
938:
930:
922:
920:Brooklyn Theatre
914:
906:
872:
865:
858:
849:
843:
841:
839:
834:on 20 March 2004
822:
801:
780:
774:
766:
745:
724:
703:
701:
699:
682:
680:
678:
671:"G.O. (4D) No.8"
666:
645:
614:
613:
611:
609:
588:
582:
581:
579:
577:
572:on 22 April 2004
556:
550:
549:
547:
545:
524:
515:
510:
499:
494:
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482:
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464:
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1641:
1630:
1622:
1614:
1606:
1598:
1590:
1582:
1574:
1566:
1558:
1550:
1545:30 June Stadium
1542:
1534:
1526:
1518:
1510:
1502:
1494:
1486:
1478:
1470:
1462:
1454:
1446:
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1355:
1347:
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1315:
1307:
1299:
1291:
1283:
1275:
1267:
1259:
1251:
1243:
1235:
1224:
1219:Nyamiha (Minsk)
1216:
1208:
1200:
1192:
1184:
1176:
1168:
1160:
1152:
1144:
1136:
1128:
1120:
1112:
1104:
1096:
1088:
1080:
1072:
1067:The Who concert
1064:
1056:
1048:
1040:
1035:AtatĆ¼rk Stadium
1032:
1024:
1016:
1008:
1000:
992:
984:
976:
968:
960:
952:
941:
933:
925:
917:
909:
901:
890:
881:
876:
846:
837:
835:
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819:
804:
798:
783:
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763:
748:
742:
727:
721:
706:
697:
695:
685:
676:
674:
669:
663:
648:
642:
627:
623:
618:
617:
607:
605:
592:"Live telecast"
590:
589:
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558:
557:
553:
543:
541:
526:
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518:
511:
502:
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309:
308:
304:
296:
289:
284:
272:
229:
167:
137:
83:Ragunatha Nayak
75:Rivers of India
63:
12:
11:
5:
1840:
1838:
1830:
1829:
1824:
1819:
1814:
1809:
1804:
1794:
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1751:
1743:
1735:
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1620:
1612:
1604:
1596:
1588:
1580:
1572:
1564:
1556:
1548:
1540:
1532:
1524:
1516:
1508:
1500:
1492:
1489:Madhya Pradesh
1484:
1476:
1473:Kiss nightclub
1468:
1460:
1452:
1444:
1436:
1428:
1420:
1412:
1403:
1401:
1397:
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1377:
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1353:
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1337:
1329:
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1305:
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1241:
1232:
1230:
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1223:
1222:
1214:
1206:
1198:
1190:
1182:
1174:
1166:
1158:
1150:
1142:
1134:
1126:
1118:
1110:
1102:
1094:
1091:Heysel Stadium
1086:
1078:
1070:
1062:
1054:
1046:
1038:
1030:
1022:
1014:
1006:
998:
990:
987:Laurier Palace
982:
974:
966:
958:
949:
947:
943:
942:
940:
939:
931:
923:
915:
907:
904:Newgate Prison
898:
896:
892:
891:
886:
883:
882:
877:
875:
874:
867:
860:
852:
845:
844:
823:
817:
802:
796:
781:
761:
746:
740:
725:
719:
704:
694:on 10 May 2004
683:
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619:
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489:
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198:
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166:
163:
159:Walter Devaram
136:
133:
62:
59:
35:Mahamaham tank
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
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1701:
1700:Port Harcourt
1696:
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1554:
1549:
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1541:
1538:
1537:Shanghai Bund
1533:
1530:
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1410:
1409:Kor Royal Cup
1405:
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1234:
1233:
1231:
1227:
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1215:
1212:
1207:
1204:
1199:
1196:
1195:Uphaar Cinema
1191:
1188:
1183:
1180:
1175:
1172:
1167:
1164:
1163:Lan Kwai Fong
1159:
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1111:
1108:
1103:
1100:
1095:
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1087:
1084:
1079:
1076:
1071:
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995:Bethnal Green
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971:Barnsley Hall
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964:
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928:Victoria Hall
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604:on 1 May 2004
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1764:San Salvador
1708:GBLA Stadium
1609:Antananarivo
1278:E2 nightclub
1146:
1123:Hillsborough
1003:Burnden Park
979:Italian Hall
836:. Retrieved
832:the original
807:
786:
751:
730:
709:
696:. Retrieved
692:the original
675:. Retrieved
651:
630:
606:. Retrieved
602:the original
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574:. Retrieved
570:the original
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542:. Retrieved
538:the original
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422:. Retrieved
366:
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323:. Retrieved
319:the original
314:
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187:
176:
152:
138:
64:
43:South Indian
26:
25:
15:
1772:Brazzaville
1652:Maligawatta
1425:Love Parade
755:. Kolkata.
473:Vanita 2005
340:Bansal 2008
325:30 November
264:Doordarshan
141:Kanchi Mutt
113:(Leo), the
95:Tamil month
73:or that of
55:Jayalalitha
1802:Kumbakonam
1796:Categories
1660:Los Olivos
1481:Kumbh Mela
1441:Sabarimala
1433:Phnom Penh
1417:Pratapgarh
1211:Sabarimala
1011:Kumbh Mela
838:5 December
698:5 December
677:5 December
621:References
608:5 December
576:5 December
544:5 December
424:5 December
251:Villupuram
227:2004 event
115:Kumbh mela
47:Tamil Nadu
39:Kumbakonam
1601:Corinaldo
1147:Mahamaham
771:cite book
597:The Hindu
565:The Hindu
533:The Hindu
485:Thol 2004
298:B.K. 2005
259:mahamaham
165:Aftermath
154:The Hindu
91:Mandapams
87:Thanjavur
68:Hindu god
45:state of
1748:Pakistan
1390:Mawazine
1083:Luzhniki
936:Khodynka
912:Valletta
388:, p. 240
361:, p. 503
342:, p. 126
300:, p. 190
270:See also
135:Stampede
1780:Hathras
1692:YaoundƩ
1625:Caracas
1617:Karbala
1593:Caracas
1374:Jodhpur
1358:Bandung
1115:Tbilisi
1051:Zamalek
946:20th c.
895:19th c.
487:, p. 14
475:, p.258
460:4397722
386:S. 2004
373:, p.120
371:V. 1995
41:in the
1644:Kerman
1585:Mumbai
1529:Kwekwe
1521:Multan
1497:Mumbai
1238:Durban
1179:Gowari
1155:Bastia
815:
794:
759:
738:
717:
659:
638:
458:
255:Trichy
197:wall".
1778:2024
1770:2023
1762:2023
1756:Sanaa
1754:2023
1746:2023
1738:2023
1732:Seoul
1730:2022
1722:2022
1714:2022
1706:2022
1698:2022
1690:2022
1682:2022
1674:2021
1668:Meron
1666:2021
1658:2020
1650:2020
1642:2020
1635:2020s
1623:2019
1615:2019
1607:2019
1599:2018
1591:2018
1583:2017
1577:Turin
1575:2017
1567:2015
1559:2015
1553:Haiti
1551:2015
1543:2015
1535:2014
1527:2014
1519:2014
1513:Patna
1511:2014
1503:2014
1495:2014
1487:2013
1479:2013
1471:2013
1463:2013
1455:2012
1447:2012
1439:2011
1431:2010
1423:2010
1415:2010
1407:2010
1400:2010s
1388:2009
1380:2009
1372:2008
1364:2008
1356:2008
1348:2006
1342:Mecca
1340:2006
1332:2005
1324:2005
1316:2005
1308:2005
1302:Miyun
1300:2004
1294:Mecca
1292:2004
1284:2003
1276:2003
1268:2001
1260:2001
1252:2001
1246:Mecca
1244:2001
1236:2000
1229:2000s
1217:1999
1209:1999
1203:Mecca
1201:1998
1193:1997
1185:1996
1177:1994
1171:Mecca
1169:1994
1161:1993
1153:1992
1145:1992
1137:1991
1131:Mecca
1129:1990
1121:1989
1113:1989
1105:1988
1097:1987
1089:1985
1081:1982
1073:1981
1065:1979
1057:1977
1049:1974
1043:Ibrox
1041:1971
1033:1967
1025:1965
1017:1964
1009:1954
1001:1946
993:1943
985:1927
977:1913
969:1908
961:1903
953:1902
934:1896
926:1883
918:1876
910:1823
902:1807
456:JSTOR
282:Notes
120:India
111:Siį¹ha
103:Magam
71:Shiva
1716:Giza
1561:Mina
840:2011
813:ISBN
792:ISBN
777:link
757:ISBN
736:ISBN
715:ISBN
700:2011
679:2011
657:ISBN
636:ISBN
610:2011
578:2011
546:2011
426:2011
327:2013
177:The
107:Guru
99:Masi
97:of
85:of
1798::
773:}}
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