2377:, the oldest male member of the family. He would be the eldest maternal uncle of the family as well. The members of the Tharavadu consisted of mother, daughters, sons, sisters and brothers. The fathers and husbands had a very minimal role to play in the affairs of the Tharavadu. It was a true matrilineal affair. The Karanavar took all major decisions. He was usually autocratic. However, the consent of the eldest female member of the family was taken before implementing the decisions. This eldest female member would be his maternal grandmother, own mother, mother's sister, his own sister or a sister through his maternal lineage. Since the lineage was through the female members, the birth of a daughter was always welcomed. Each Tharavadu also has a
2957:
65:
455:
293:
149:
2544:
1863:
2564:
329:
3548:"*aH and *iH are demonstrative adjectives reconstructed for Proto-Dravidian, as they show variation in vowel length. When they occur in isolation they occur as ā, and ī but when they are followed by a consonant initial word then they appear as a- and i- as in Ta. appoẓutu 'that time'., : Te. appuḍu id. and Ta. ippoẓutu 'that time'., : Te.ippuḍu id. However, Modern Tamil has replaced ā, and ī with anda and inda but most Dravidian languages have preserved it."
311:
239:
203:
383:
2469:
473:
347:
401:
221:
527:
509:
365:
275:
2445:
185:
167:
693:
1972:
419:
3411:
257:
491:
437:
7467:
7442:
545:
103:
612:
598:
3078:
2554:
2337:
globe. J.V. Vilanilam, former Vice-Chancellor of the
University of Kerala; Sunny Luke, medical scientist and former professor of Medical Biotechnology at Adelphi University, New York; and Antony Palackal, professor of sociology at the Loyola College of Social Sciences in Thiruvananthapuram, have edited the book, besides making other contributions to it.
2461:
the limitations of the materials, a mixed-mode of construction was evolved in
Malayali architecture. The stonework was restricted to the plinth even in important buildings such as temples. Laterite was used for walls. The roof structure in timber was covered with palm leaf thatching for most buildings and rarely with tiles for palaces or temples. The
3125:
2575:
583:
6139:
Nettl, Bruno; Arnold, Alison; Stone, Ruth M.; Porter, James; Rice, Timothy; Olsen, Dale Alan; Miller, Terry E.; Kaeppler, Adrienne Lois; Sheehy, Daniel Edward; Koskoff, Ellen; Williams, Sean; Love, Jacob
Wainwright; Goertzen, Chris; Danielson, Virginia; Marcus, Scott Lloyd; Reynolds, Dwight; Provine,
2456:
Kerala, the ancestral land of the
Malayali people, has a tropical climate with excessive rains and intensive solar radiation. The architecture of this region has evolved to meet these climatic conditions by having the form of buildings with low walls, sloping roof and projecting caves. The setting of
1656:
is 51,100, which is only 0.15% of the total number, but is as much as about 84% of the population of
Lakshadweep. In all, Malayalis made up 3.22% of the total Indian population in 2001. Of the total 33,066,392 Malayalam speakers in India in 2001, 33,015,420 spoke the standard dialects, 19,643 spoke
2460:
Timber is the prime structural material abundantly available in many varieties in Kerala. Perhaps the skillful choice of timber, accurate joinery, artful assembly, and delicate carving of the woodwork for columns, walls and roofs frames are the unique characteristics of
Malayali architecture. From
2336:
in late 19th century CE. World
Malayali Council with its sister organisation, International Institute for Scientific and Academic Collaboration (IISAC) has come out with a comprehensive book on Kerala titled 'Introduction to Kerala Studies,’ specially intended for the Malayali diaspora across the
2192:
mode. In 19th century
Chavara Kuriakose Elias, the founder of Carmelites of Mary Immaculate and Congregation of Mother of Carmel congregations, contribute different streams in the Malayalam Literature. All his works are written between 1829 and 1870. Chavara's contribution to Malayalam literature
3460:
in the 11th century CE. What eventually crystallized into this style is thought to have been a product of existing South Indian styles of combat, combined with techniques brought by other cultures. Kalaripayattu may be one of the oldest martial arts in existence. The oldest western reference to
4589:
1950:
In 2017, a detailed study of the evolution of the
Singapore Malayalee community over a period of more than 100 years was published as a book: From Kerala to Singapore: Voices of the Singapore Malayalee Community. It is believed to be the first in-depth study of the presence of a NRI Malayalee
2463:
Kerala murals' are paintings with vegetable dyes on wet walls in subdued shades of brown. The indigenous adoption of the available raw materials and their transformation as enduring media for architectural expression thus became the dominant feature of the
Malayali style of
3866:
1640:. According to the Indian census of 2001, there were 30,803,747 speakers of Malayalam in Kerala, making up 93.2% of the total number of Malayalam speakers in India, and 96.7% of the total population of the state. There were a further 701,673 (2.1% of the total number) in
2581:
3814:
3271:. It consists of two sections. The lower bulkier portion is where the water for steaming is stored. The upper detachable leaner portion is separated from the lower portion by perforated lids so as to allow the steam to pass through and bake the rice powder.
4586:
2580:
2577:
2576:
2771:
However, many of these native art forms largely play to tourists or at youth festivals, and are not as popular among ordinary Keralites. Thus, more contemporary forms – including those heavily based on the use of often risqué and
4289:
2513:
in the center. The quadrangle is in every way the center of life in the house and very useful for the performance of rituals. The layout of these homes was simple, and catered to the dwelling of numerous people, usually part of a
2579:
2193:
includes, Chronicles, Poems – athmanuthapam (compunction of the soul), Maranaveettil Paduvanulla Pana (Poem to sing in the bereaved house) and Anasthasiayude Rakthasakshyam – and other Literary works . Contemporary
2501:). It was a typical house that was flanked by out-houses and utility structures. The large house-Nalukettu is constructed within a large compound. It was called Nalukettu because it consisted of four wings around a central
3806:
3653:(PDF), Department of Non-resident Keralite Affairs, Government of Kerala, p. 29. This is the number of emigrants from Kerala, which is closely related to but different from the actual number of Malayalis /Malayalees.
4051:
3052:
is a three-day water festival. It is conducted in Payippad Lake which is 35 km from Alappuzha district of Kerala state. There is a close relation between this Payippad boat race and Subramanya Swamy Temple in
1309:
According to the Indian census of 2011, there are approximately 33 million Malayalis in Kerala, making up 97% of the total population of the state. Malayali minorities are also found in the neighboring state of
3451:
Anthropologists estimate that Kalarippayattu dates back to at least the 12th century CE. The historian Elamkulam Kunjan Pillai attributes the birth of Kalaripayattu to an extended period of warfare between the
4889:
3612:
1665:. As per the 1991 census data, 28.85% of all Malayalam speakers in India spoke a second language and 19.64% of the total knew three or more languages. Malayalam was the most spoken language in erstwhile
4703:
2977:(snake boat) is the major item. Hence Vallam Kali is also known in English as Snake Boat Race and a major tourist attraction. Other types of boats which do participate in various events in the race are
3719:
2973:
is the race of country-made boats. It is mainly conducted during the season of the harvest festival Onam in Autumn. Vallam Kali include races of many kinds of traditional boats of Kerala. The race of
2006:(Madhava Panikkar, Sankara Panikkar and Rama Panikkar), whose works mark the dawn of both modern Malayalam language and indigenous Keralite poetry. Some linguists claim that an inscription found from
2930:
are folklore Muslim devotional songs in the Malayalam language. Mappila songs are composed in colloquial Malayalam and are sung in a distinctive tune. They are composed in a mixture of Malayalam and
2918:
of Kerala are closely connected to the serpent worship. One group among these people consider the snake gods as their presiding deity and performs certain sacrifices and sing songs. This is called
1859:
are estimated to be 229,800 in the year 2020 whereas the population of the Malayalee expatriates is approximately 2,000. They make up around 10 percent of the total number of Indians in Malaysia.
4055:
4271:
6409:
4968:
3744:
3896:
1889:, with their capital at Vanchi. The dynasty lent the region its name, uniting the entire coast under their suzerainty. The fall of the Cheras in the 15th century CE at the hands of the
2783: – have gained considerable mass appeal in recent years. Indeed, contemporary artists often use such modes to mock socioeconomic elites. Since 1930 when the first Malayalam film
2426:
which has in the recent years (post-Indian independence) ceased to exist. Christians, majority of the Muslims, and some Hindu castes such as the Namboothiris and some Ezhavas follow
7294:
3922:
3281:
is a pancake made of fermented batter. The batter is made of rice flour and fermented using either yeast or toddy, the local spirit. It is fried using a special frying pan called
3135:
Malayali cuisine is not homogeneous and regional variations are visible throughout. Spices form an important ingredient in almost all curries. Kerala is known for its traditional
6276:
4120:
3237:
is a culinary specialty in Kerala. It is a steamed rice cake which is a favorite breakfast of most Malayalis. It is served with either brown chickpeas cooked in a spicy gravy,
2922:. The song conducted by the pulluvar in serpent temples and snake groves is called Sarppapaattu, Naagam Paattu, Sarpam Thullal, Sarppolsavam, Paambum Thullal or Paambum Kalam.
6349:
4169:
2697:. Sarpam Thullal is usually performed in the courtyard of houses having snake shrines. This is a votive offering for family wealth and happiness. Kerala Natanam (കേരള നടനം) (
5404:
2578:
4862:
2686:
is performed as an offering to gods so as to get rid of poverty and illness. Velakali is another ritualistic art form, mainly performed at temples in the festival time.
6250:
4003:
3844:
3576:
4885:
5096:
3870:
3604:
2014:, which belongs to 3rd century CE (approximately 1,800 years old), is the oldest available inscription in Malayalam, as they contain two modern Malayalam words,
6732:
4538:
3048:
Thousands of people gather on the banks of the river Pamba to watch the snake boat races. Nearly 50 snake boats or chundan vallams participate in the festival.
4695:
6157:
3715:
3609:
The Indian Express. (This is the number of approximate emigrants from Kerala, which is closely related to, but different from the actual number of Malayalis.)
2748:. It combines both devotion and entertainment, and was performed by men in groups. Since 1980's women also have found groups. The dancers themselves sing the
2738:
is a popular form of social entertainment among the Muslim community. It is a form accompanied by clapping of hands, in which both men and women participate.
7281:
6307:
2732:
is a performing art form prevalent among the Muslim community. It is a group performance, staged as a social event during festivals and nuptial ceremonies.
3335:(a type of rice pancake) and ghee rice are some of the other specialties. The characteristic use of spices is the hallmark of Mappila cuisine. spices like
5024:
6670:
3978:
6435:
5753:(Malayalam ed.). Kozhikode: P. V. Chandran, Managing Editor, Mathrubhumi Printing & Publishing Company Limited, Kozhikode. 2018. p. 454.
4675:(Malayalam ed.). Kozhikode: P. V. Chandran, Managing Editor, Mathrubhumi Printing & Publishing Company Limited, Kozhikode. 2018. p. 453.
3918:
5904:
6003:
4989:
Freeman, Rich (2003). "Genre and Society: The Literary Culture of Premodern Kerala". In Literary Cultures in History: Reconstructions from South Asia
4514:
4370:
Mohammad, K.M. "Arab relations with Malabar Coast from 9th to 16th centuries" Proceedings of the Indian History Congress. Vol. 60 (1999), pp. 226–34.
7408:
7388:
4764:
4451:
3465:, a Portuguese explorer. The southern style, which stresses the importance of hand-to-hand combat, is slightly different than Kalari in the north.
1912:
in 150 AD. For that reason, a highly distinct culture was created among the Malayali due to centuries of contact with foreign cultures through the
6597:
1440:
which lie contiguous to Kerala in the southwestern coast of India, in addition to the modern state of Kerala. The people of Malabar were known as
4742:
1713:
are also Malayalis. As of 2011 India census, Mahé district of Union Territory of Puducherry had a population of 41,816, predominantly Malayalis.
6401:
4195:
5703:
5490:
4960:
3751:
2948:, forms the most important canon of popular music in India. Film music of Kerala in particular is the most popular form of music in the state.
5617:
3892:
7079:
5754:
5008:
4736:
4676:
4618:
4405:
4283:
4154:
Chandra Mallampalli, Christians and Public Life in Colonial South India, 1863–1937: Contending with Marginality, RoutledgeCurzon, 2004, p. 30
2165:
2143:-based poet also influenced a lot in the growth of modern Malayalam literature in its pre-mature form, through a new literary branch called
1893:
proved to be the catalyst of a distinct Malayali identity, wading away from the Tamil cultural sphere of influence over several millennia.
6467:
6375:
5561:
5135:
4085:
6542:(Malayalam ed.). Kozhikode: P. V. Chandran, Managing Editor, Mathrubhumi Printing & Publishing Company Limited, Kozhikode. 2018.
6080:
5931:
5332:
5059:
6041:
5845:
5371:
4911:
1319:
1174:
6268:
5728:
5539:
5453:
5293:
5365:
5326:
5287:
5224:
5129:
4425:
4110:
3645:
7289:
7005:
6737:
6529:
6205:
6151:
6116:
6074:
6035:
5997:
5964:
5839:
5053:
4643:
4563:
4226:
1990:
spoken on the Malabar coast, and largely arose because of its geographical isolation from the rest of the Tamil speaking areas. The
6460:
6341:
5878:
4166:
5121:
The Indian Encyclopaedia: Biographical, Historical, Religious, Administrative, Ethnological, Commercial and Scientific. Mahi-Mewat
6775:
4484:
2457:
the building in the open garden plot was again necessitated by the requirement of wind for giving comfort in the humid climate.
7512:
7502:
5514:"Sea, Community and Language: A Study on the Origin and Development of Arabi- Malayalam Language of Mappila Muslims of Malabar"
5428:"Sea, community and language: a study on the origin and development of Arabi- Malayalam language of mappila muslims of Malabar"
4854:
3948:
3667:
132:
6831:
5640:
4000:
3479:
2073:
887:
5230:
5191:
5163:
4831:
4803:
3836:
3428:. This type of martial arts was used as a defensive mechanism against intruders. In ancient times, disputes between nobles (
3569:
3065:, a city in Kerala. This boat race is one of the most popular Vallam Kali in Kerala. This festival is conducted to promote
2791:
had grown to become one of the popular means of expression for both works of fiction and social issues, and it remains so.
7418:
7368:
6780:
6752:
5092:
3784:
2230:
7457:
5592:
Pg 167, Mappila Muslims: a study on society and anti colonial struggles By Husain Raṇdathaṇi, Other Books, Kozhikode 2007
2768:
is a theatrical art form observed mainly by Kerala Latin Christians, dating back to the second half of the 16th century.
3014:
2758:
is another performing art which is popular among Nasranis. This is an artistic adaptation of the martial art of Kerala,
1398:
aged 18 to 30 are known to be either the third, fourth, or fifth generation living as a Malaysian citizen. According to
1247:
729:
2709:(ഗുരു ഗോപിനാഥ്) a well-trained Kathakali artist and his wife Thankamani Gopinath developed this unique form of dance.
2690:
is a folk art in which dance performers move in a circle, striking small sticks and keeping rhythm with special steps.
2026:. Although this has been disputed by scholars who regard it as a regional dialect of Old Tamil. The use of the pronoun
7301:
6747:
6742:
6724:
6590:
5714:
Menon. T. Madhava. "A Handbook of Kerala, Volume 2", International School of Dravidian Linguistics, 2002. pp. 491-493.
3499:
2854:. It is sung, typically employing plain notes, to the accompaniment of the small, hourglass-shaped ethnic drum called
2218:
2108:
2043:
6561:
5394:
4535:
1900:, which for thousands of years has been a major center of the international spice trade, operating at least from the
5645:. Kulliyyah Islamic Revealed Knowledge and Human Sciences, International Islamic University Malaysia. Archived from
4029:
2956:
2903:
are Malayali musicians. Also among the younger generations with wide acclaim and promise is Child Prodigy Violinist
2480:, was built with a traditional Malayali architecture style with a slight influence of early modern European elements
7507:
7497:
6803:
6224:
6141:
2721:
2177:
2158:
2151:, began following the latter half of 18th century CE. The first travelogue in any Indian language is the Malayalam
1804:. In 2010, the Census of Population of Singapore reported that there were 26,348 Malayalees in Singapore. The 2006
1785:
1685:
accounting for 21.2% and 15.4% respectively according to 1951 census report. 25.57% of the total population in the
5773:
3243:
and boiled small green lentils, or tiny ripe yellow Kerala plantains. In the highlands there is also a variety of
1322:
of India. Over the course of the later half of the 20th century, significant Malayali communities have emerged in
6896:
6881:
6861:
6299:
5908:
2510:
2202:
1741:
1251:
897:
705:
3693:
2430:, a patrilineal system. Kerala's gender relations are among the most equitable in India and the Majority World.
64:
7492:
6856:
6798:
6480:
5694:
Miller, Roland. E., "Mappila" in "The Encyclopedia of Islam". Volume VI. E. J. Brill, Leiden. 1987. pp. 458-56.
5673:
5028:
4507:"Detailed Languages Spoken at Home and Ability to Speak English for the Population 5 Years and Over: 2009-2013"
2173:
2120:
1323:
1116:
892:
708:
2914:
as well. The king of Travancore, Swathi Thirunal patronaged and contributed much to the Hindustani Music. The
2644:. Mohiniyattam is a very sensual and graceful dance form that is performed both solo and in a group by women.
7487:
6965:
6432:
4420:
See Sahyadri Kanda Chapter 7 in Skanda Purana. Rocher, Ludo (1986). The Puranas. Otto Harrassowitz Verlag.
3970:
3489:
3058:
2745:
2717:
2250:
2197:
deals with social, political, and economic life context. The tendency of the modern poetry is often towards
1921:
1167:
916:
7054:
6916:
6583:
5987:
4506:
4327:
3002:
2964:
2637:
2439:
2288:
2112:
1931:
community, in particular, were very significant in shaping modern-day Malayali culture. Later, Portuguese
1909:
1543:
1275:
859:
849:
820:
724:
4251: – go to the website and click the link – language & literature to retrieve the information
3436:) were also settled by the outcome of a Kalaripayattu tournament. This ancient martial art is claimed as
2806:
can be established just by the fact that in Malayalam language, musical poetry was developed long before
6808:
6770:
6765:
6645:
5080:
4771:
3049:
2773:
2333:
1475:
1459:
1399:
1386:
in year 2020 is approximately 348,000, which makes up 12.5% of the total number of Indian population in
1299:
1215:
1131:
830:
825:
38:
6553:
4242:
2543:
2381:(clan deity) revered by those in the particular Tharavadu. Temples were built to honour these deities.
2373:
system practiced in the state. Each Tharavadu has a unique name. The Tharavadu was administered by the
1402:, Malayalam was the name of the place, before it became the name of the language spoken by the people.
4726:
4078:"Welcome to Nionkairali.com - Indian Malayalees in Japan- Japan malayalees, Malayali, Keralite, Tokyo"
2563:
7413:
7398:
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6720:
5801:
4189:
3529:
3519:
3504:
3484:
2795:
2222:
2198:
2194:
2153:
2148:
2128:
2097:
2038:
ending are archaisms from Proto-Dravidian rather than unique innovations of Malayalam. The origin of
1999:
1966:
1797:
1710:
1619:
1437:
1327:
854:
154:
4395:
2701:
Dance) is a new style of dance that is now recognized as a distinct classical art form evolved from
2526:(sixteen halls with four central courtyards) are the more elaborate forms of the same architecture.
7363:
7306:
7020:
6937:
6924:
6851:
6823:
6760:
6705:
6635:
4077:
3313:
food culture. This confluence of culinary cultures is best seen in the preparation of most dishes.
2892:
2826:, and later inside temples. Sopanam came to prominence in the wake of the increasing popularity of
2531:
2405:
2384:
Kerala's society is less patriarchal than the rest of India. Certain Hindu communities such as the
2260:
1551:
1487:
1314:, mainly in Kanyakumari district and Nilgiri district and Dakshina Kannada and Kodagu districts of
1212:
1045:
882:
765:
370:
1862:
7333:
7207:
7197:
7025:
6841:
6813:
6700:
6675:
6655:
6640:
6508:
6179:
5399:
4943:
3494:
3089:
3030:
3022:
3010:
2888:
2417:
2272:
2039:
1447:
1425:
1395:
1383:
1283:
1196:
1160:
1121:
760:
4167:
http://www.censusindia.gov.in/Census_Data_2001/Census_Data_Online/Language/data_on_language.html
6371:
5571:
5119:
7378:
7373:
7353:
7338:
7320:
7059:
7037:
7015:
6985:
6947:
6920:
6901:
6846:
6710:
6690:
6617:
6525:
6201:
6147:
6112:
6070:
6064:
6031:
5993:
5927:
5835:
5531:
5445:
5361:
5322:
5316:
5283:
5220:
5125:
5049:
5043:
5004:
4732:
4649:
4639:
4614:
4587:
Statistics New Zealand:Language spoken (total responses) for the 1996–2006 censuses (Table 16)
4569:
4559:
4421:
4401:
4279:
4222:
3445:
3287:
and is served with egg curry, chicken curry, mutton stew, vegetable curry and chickpea curry.
3119:
3066:
2904:
2875:(semi-Brahmin) castes engaged to do it as their hereditary profession. Kerala is also home of
2847:
2827:
2803:
2328:
2276:
2060:
1991:
1947:, which arrived after 1498 left their mark through colonialism and pillaging their resources.
1876:
1670:
1599:
1350:
and to a lesser extent, other developed nations with a primarily immigrant background such as
1255:
1136:
1126:
995:
864:
683:
6025:
5829:
5724:
5355:
3045:. The President's Trophy Boat Race is a popular event conducted in Ashtamudi Lake in Kollam.
2883:, Shadkala Govinda Maarar, Sangitha Vidwan Gopala Pillai Bhagavathar, Chertala Gopalan Nair,
7135:
6995:
6695:
6106:
5609:
5521:
5513:
5482:
5478:
Poetics of Piety Devoting and Self Fashioning in the Mappila Literary Culture of South India
5435:
5427:
5277:
4312:
3524:
3514:
2941:
2911:
2884:
2788:
2764:
2754:
2214:
2210:
2104:, the second-most for any Dravidian language and the third-highest for any Indian language.
1980:
1940:
1932:
1801:
1559:
1287:
1263:
1051:
780:
770:
2682:
and to have developed from folk dances performed in conjunction with harvest celebrations.
1848:
has the highest population of Malayalis in a metropolitan area outside Kerala, followed by
1808:
census reported 2,139 speakers. 134 Malayalam speaking households were reported in 1956 in
7227:
7212:
7202:
6680:
6609:
6565:
6464:
6439:
4593:
4542:
4173:
3649:
3642:
3302:
2931:
2665:
2589:
2422:
2304:
2284:
2256:
2233:, had made valuable contributions to the modern Malayalam literature. Later, writers like
2136:
2084:
1793:
1702:
1698:
1686:
1291:
1111:
805:
790:
785:
775:
755:
31:
6457:
5956:
5926:
Sciences, International Congress of Anthropological and Ethnological (18 December 1980).
4919:
1780:. As of 2009–2013, there were approximately 146,000 people with Malayali heritage in the
1610:
temple. Hence the term Keralar seem to precede the usage of the word Malayala/Malayalam.
5882:
5670:"Trade and culture: Indian ocean interaction on the coast of Malabar in medieval period"
2818:. Sopanam is religious in nature, and developed through singing invocatory songs at the
936:
7250:
7217:
7074:
7064:
7049:
6957:
6836:
3509:
3462:
3306:
3006:
2974:
2945:
2876:
2784:
2713:
2712:
Performing arts in Kerala is not limited to a single religion of the Malayali society.
2473:
2367:
2359:
2226:
2132:
2101:
1987:
1717:
1607:
1507:
1363:
1010:
800:
795:
316:
3410:
7481:
6906:
6866:
6650:
6630:
6625:
5957:"Classical Dances of India - Indian Classical Dances, Indian Dances, Dances of India"
3867:"Census Profile, 2016 Census - Canada [Country] and Canada [Country]"
3777:"In the Australia, 18% of people spoke a language other than English at home in 2011"
3453:
3425:
3419:
3061:
is a boat race festival celebrated in the last week of December in the backwaters of
2923:
2900:
2896:
2880:
2759:
2706:
2567:
2296:
2280:
2268:
2246:
2234:
2093:
2065:
2047:
2007:
2003:
1936:
1897:
1890:
1882:
1781:
1761:
1666:
1594:
1571:
1420:
1359:
1271:
1231:
1092:
1077:
1072:
1067:
1025:
1015:
1000:
815:
810:
750:
745:
244:
70:
2468:
941:
7471:
7446:
7348:
7255:
7125:
7115:
7010:
6970:
6891:
6876:
5162:. E.G. Smith for the U.S. Library of Congress Office, New Delhi. 1994. p. 21.
3944:
3663:
3336:
3062:
3026:
3025:) of the Malayalam month Midhunam, the day of the installation of the deity at the
2831:
2670:
2657:
2625:
2586:
2557:
2370:
2111:" in 2013, it developed into the current form mainly by the influence of the poets
1944:
1813:
1682:
1511:
1335:
1267:
1141:
1087:
1082:
1057:
1005:
615:
208:
6143:
The Garland Encyclopedia of World Music: South Asia : the Indian subcontinent
5646:
4536:
https://unreachednewyork.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/11/Keralite-Profile-Final.pdf
2303:
features - which was developed during the early medieval period and used to write
2205:
have contributed much to Malayalam drama. In the second half of the 20th century,
1677:
which accounts for 48.8% population and it was the second most spoken language in
6519:
5252:
5214:
5185:
5157:
4825:
4797:
4476:
4357:
1986:
According to scholars, the Malayalam language is descended from a dialect of the
1796:
reported 7,070 people who listed Malayalam as their mother tongue, mostly in the
7423:
7171:
7166:
7110:
7084:
6980:
6685:
6665:
3383:
3018:
2970:
2693:
Many ancient Malayali family houses in Kerala have special snake shrines called
2444:
2300:
2242:
2185:
1917:
1913:
1805:
1773:
1757:
1653:
1649:
1637:
1633:
1629:
1624:
Malayalam is a language spoken by the native people of southwestern India (from
1379:
1371:
1295:
1279:
1239:
1223:
1035:
965:
605:
460:
388:
126:
4400:. Servants of Knowledge. Superintendent, Government Press (Madras). p. 1.
3807:"India-born Malayalam-speaking community in Australia: Some interesting trends"
2307:
until the early 20th century CE. Though the script originated and developed in
17:
7239:
7120:
6942:
3776:
2960:
2937:
2872:
2835:
2799:
2741:
2725:
2645:
2477:
2051:
1881:
During the ancient period, the people of present-day Kerala were ruled by the
1753:
1737:
1674:
1641:
1390:
that makes them the second biggest Indian ethnic group in Malaysia, after the
1311:
1259:
976:
123:
84:
42:
6513:. Thiruvananthapuram: Department of Information and Public Relations, Kerala.
6140:
Robert C.; Tokumaru, Yoshihiko; Witzleben, John Lawrence (18 December 1998).
5535:
5449:
4948:. Thiruvananthapuram: Department of Information and Public Relations, Kerala.
4653:
4636:
From Kerala to Singapore : voices from the Singapore Malayalee community
4573:
4556:
From Kerala to Singapore : Voices from the Singapore Malayalee community
4025:
1514:
mention Malabar ports in their works. The Arab writers had called this place
1282:. Before that, the Malabar District was under various kingdoms including the
7403:
7328:
7192:
7176:
7100:
6790:
5806:
5778:
5566:
4115:
3256:
3229:
is an essential ingredient in most of the food items and is liberally used.
3107:
3103:
2702:
2621:
2547:
2515:
2502:
2498:
2490:
2449:
2316:
2238:
2181:
2089:
2078:
2023:
1995:
1960:
1901:
1886:
1849:
1789:
1769:
1749:
1733:
1729:
1690:
1678:
1645:
1625:
1495:
1433:
1367:
1355:
1315:
1243:
971:
657:
565:
478:
352:
298:
4105:
4103:
4052:"Väestö 31.12. Muuttujina Maakunta, Kieli, Ikä, Sukupuoli, Vuosi ja Tiedot"
3141:, a vegetarian meal served with boiled rice and a host of side-dishes. The
1971:
1482:, which clearly gave its name to Malabar ('the country of Male'). The name
1410:
Malayalam, the native language of Malayalis, has its origin from the words
692:
3077:
3017:
is the oldest and most popular Vallam Kali in Kerala. The race is held on
2553:
6932:
6871:
6558:
5828:
Osella, Filippo; Caroline, Filippo; Osella, Caroline (20 December 2000).
3474:
3375:
3340:
3034:
2915:
2868:
2679:
2648:
is a traditional performing art form from Kerala, which is recognised by
2346:
2312:
2259:(also called Mappila Malayalam and Moplah Malayalam) was the traditional
2206:
2140:
1856:
1694:
1579:
1442:
1387:
1351:
1303:
1020:
946:
931:
921:
586:
406:
226:
6228:
5526:
5486:
5440:
2674:(another performing art), which was open only for higher castes to see.
611:
597:
7428:
7383:
7260:
7245:
7130:
7105:
7000:
6990:
5613:
3391:
3371:
3363:
3348:
3331:
3294:
3226:
3159:
is, as per custom, served on a banana leaf. Traditional dishes include
3124:
3054:
3038:
2815:
2776:
2687:
2683:
2675:
2609:
2409:
2401:
2393:
2292:
2264:
2011:
1925:
1905:
1845:
1817:
1721:
1706:
1693:
are Malayalis, in which Malayalis form the largest linguistic group in
1331:
1205:
926:
532:
514:
424:
280:
5758:
4680:
2860:, besides the chengila or the handy metallic gong to sound the beats.
7393:
7358:
7235:
7161:
6975:
6606:
5476:
5081:
http://111.93.136.232:8080/cgi-bin/koha/opac-shelves.pl?viewshelf=181
3457:
3441:
3359:
3298:
3042:
2864:
2856:
2851:
2811:
2780:
2735:
2698:
2649:
2397:
2389:
2363:
2320:
2308:
2189:
2116:
2055:
1928:
1841:
1837:
1833:
1777:
1765:
1745:
1720:
attracted many Malayalis. Large numbers of Malayalis have settled in
1563:
1470:. The first element of the name, however, is attested already in the
1391:
1375:
1347:
1235:
1219:
1062:
1040:
1030:
667:
496:
442:
334:
190:
117:
5669:
5603:
4346:, Madras District Gazetteers (Madras: Government Press, 1915), p. 2.
3689:
2678:
is a ritualistic art form of Malayalis, which is thought to predate
2002:
is ancient in origin, and includes such figures as the 14th century
5725:"National Virtual Translation Center - Arabic script for malayalam"
7343:
7151:
6952:
6660:
3409:
3367:
3344:
3318:
3290:
3276:
3129:
3123:
3099:
3076:
2819:
2807:
2573:
2562:
2552:
2542:
2467:
2443:
2413:
2385:
2124:
1970:
1861:
1825:
1725:
1463:
1378:. As of 2013, there were an estimated 1.6 million ethnic Malayali
1343:
1227:
601:
550:
172:
108:
6570:
5951:
5949:
7156:
6575:
6458:
A South Indian Martial Art and the Yoga and Ayurvedic Paradigms.
5481:(PhD). The English and Foreign Languages University, Hyderabad.
5042:
Natarajan, Nalini; Nelson, Emmanuel Sampath (18 December 1996).
3310:
3095:
3081:
2823:
1821:
1809:
1339:
262:
6579:
6571:
Sarva Malayalee Association France - Occitanie (SAMA Occitanie)
5357:
Clearing a Space: Reflections On India, Literature, and Culture
2842:(music), as the very name suggests, is sung by the side of the
1661:
dialect and 31,329 spoke non-standard regional variations like
30:
This article is about the ethnic group. For the 2009 film, see
6269:"Kerala's Favourite Breakfast: How to Make Soft Puttu at Home"
4448:"South Kanara, The Nilgiris, Malabar and Coimbators Districts"
2798:, which is believed to have started developing by 9th century
2604:. The art forms of Malayalis are classified into three types:
2180:) are recognized for moving Keralite poetry away from archaic
1829:
1274:. The Malabar District was annexed by the British through the
5831:
Social Mobility in Kerala: Modernity and Identity in Conflict
4886:"Celebrated Malayalam poet Akkitham wins 2019 Jnanpith Award"
2046:
of 849/850 CE is the available oldest inscription written in
6030:. Icon Group International, Incorporated. 19 December 2008.
5642:
Islam in Malabar (1460-1600) : a socio-cultural study /
4246:
4194:. South Korea: Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade. 2015.
4145:. Encyclopædia Britannica Inc., 2011. Web. 11 November 2011.
1705:
according to the 2011 census, which is native to Kodagu and
1606:(The Ruby King of Kerala), synonymous with the deity of the
582:
5562:"Mappila songs cultural fountains of a bygone age, says MT"
2493:
is a quadrangular building constructed after following the
2042:
dates back to year 825 CE. It is generally agreed that the
1454:
was used as a general name for Kerala, along with the term
3745:"The People of Australia: Statistics from the 2011 Census"
1812:. There is also a considerable Malayali population in the
1418:
meaning "land" or "locality". Kerala was usually known as
4830:. Vidyarthi Mithram Press & Book Depot. p. 408.
2420:
used to follow a traditional matrilineal system known as
4558:. Puva Arumugam. Singapore: Marshall Cavendish Pte Ltd.
2654:
Masterpieces of Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity
4191:재외동포현황 총계(2015)/Total number of overseas Koreans (2015)
3282:
3274:
3266:
3260:
3250:
3244:
3238:
3232:
3220:
3214:
3208:
3202:
3196:
3190:
3184:
3178:
3172:
3166:
3160:
3154:
3148:
3142:
3136:
2027:
5873:
5871:
5869:
5867:
5865:
5863:
5605:
The rise and growth of Ponnani from 1498 AD To 1792 AD
4696:"Historians contest antiquity of Edakkal inscriptions"
2660:
is another performing art, which is also known as the
1250:. The state of Kerala was created in 1956 through the
7455:
6134:
6132:
6130:
6128:
5921:
5919:
4447:
3716:"SBS Census Explorer: How diverse is your community?"
3424:
Malayalis have their own form of martial arts called
2135:), in the 15th and the 16th centuries of Common Era.
2076:. The earliest known literary works in Malayalam are
2295:
script, is a writing system - a variant form of the
7319:
7269:
7226:
7185:
7144:
7093:
7036:
6915:
6822:
6789:
6719:
6616:
6493:
Phillip B. Zarrilli, When the Body Becomes All Eyes
5395:"Indian's First Novel Wins Booker Prize in Britain"
4770:. Indian Journal History of Science. Archived from
4313:"Madras District Manuals - South Canara (Volume-I)"
3893:"Singapore Malayalee Association 100th Anniversary"
3094:Malayalis celebrate a variety of festivals, namely
2907:etc., who are looked upon as maestros of tomorrow.
2787:was released and over the following decade or two,
2366:, which usually served as the common house for the
2033:
1896:The Malayalis live in a historic area known as the
663:
653:
643:
633:
628:
571:
559:
541:
523:
505:
487:
469:
451:
433:
415:
397:
379:
361:
343:
325:
307:
289:
271:
253:
235:
217:
199:
181:
163:
145:
138:
94:
77:
5045:Handbook of Twentieth-century Literatures of India
4912:"Cherussery (Krishnagadha) malayalam author books"
4361:(New Delhi: Northern Book Centre, 2003), xvi–xvii.
2596:Malayalis use two words to denote dance, which is
2326:The modern Malayalam grammar is based on the book
1784:, with an estimated 40,000 living in the New York
7295:Samastha Kerala Jem-iyyathul Ulama (1989–present)
6105:India, Motilal (UK) Books of (18 February 2008).
6027:Reciting: Webster's Quotations, Facts and Phrases
5518:Muallim Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities
5432:Muallim Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities
5216:Encyclopaedia of Indian Literature: K to Navalram
5190:. Nirmala Sadanand Publishers. 1967. p. 21.
5003:(1st DCB ed.). Kottayam, Kerala: D C Books.
4278:(2007 ed.). Kottayam: DC Books. p. 27.
3640:Zachariah, K. C. & Rajan, S. Irudaya (2011),
1502:) is the first known writer to call this country
6433:Kalari Payatte – The martial art of Kerala.
4638:. Puva Arumugam. Singapore: Marshall Cavendish.
1994:can be considered as the ancient predecessor of
1242:. They are predominantly native speakers of the
5570:. Chennai, India. 31 March 2007. Archived from
5321:. Atlantic Publishers & Dist. p. 126.
2744:is a performing art which is popular among the
7290:Samastha Kerala Jem-iyyathul Ulama (1926–1989)
3461:Kalaripayattu is a 16th-century travelogue of
3370:), pazham nirachathu (ripe banana filled with
2054:, the literature mainly consisted of the oral
1234:. They form the majority of the population in
6591:
6452:
6450:
6448:
4384:Malabar Manual (1887), William Logan, Calicut
4162:
4160:
3153:, a sweet milk dessert native to Kerala. The
2522:(eight halls with two central courtyards) or
1788:area. There were 7,093 Malayalam speakers in
1254:. Prior to that, since the 1800s existed the
1168:
8:
6185:. Kottayam, Kerala: D.C. Books. p. 494.
6100:
6098:
5512:Kottaparamban, Musadhique (2 October 2019).
5426:Kottaparamban, Musadhique (1 October 2019).
2863:Sopanam is traditionally sung by men of the
2724:have their own unique performing art forms.
1756:. Many Malayalis have also emigrated to the
1697:Taluk. Around one-third of the Malayalis in
53:
6402:"Flavours unlimited from the Malabar coast"
4471:
4469:
4358:Agrarian Relations in Late Medieval Malabar
3599:
3597:
3414:Common weapons used as part of Kalaripayatt
2640:forms from Kerala. Kathakali is actually a
1979:(Meaning: Malayalam script) written in the
7042:
6598:
6584:
6576:
5276:Eṃ Mukundan; C. Gopinathan Pillai (2004).
5257:. Kerala Sahitya Akademi. 1993. p. 19
4799:Time measurement and calendar construction
4265:
4263:
4261:
4259:
4257:
4119:. Thiruvananthapuram, India. 24 May 2013.
2910:Kerala also has a significant presence of
1598:mentions the ecclesiastical office of the
1570:(country/continent). Hence the natives of
1218:originating from the present-day state of
1175:
1161:
674:
63:
52:
6251:"Onam Sadhya: 13 Dishes You Need To Try!"
5525:
5439:
5318:Perspectives On Indian English Literature
4853:Naha, Abdul Latheef (24 September 2020).
3783:. Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS).
3259:) and sweet boiled bananas. to steam the
3005:is one of the famous Vallam Kali held in
2616:, like Sanghakali and Krishnanattom; and
2489:Nalukettu was a housing style in Kerala.
2253:, have gained international recognition.
1478:. This mentions a pepper emporium called
7409:List of tourist attractions in Kozhikode
6395:
6393:
6219:
6217:
6198:Ritual Music and Hindu Rituals of Kerala
4667:
4665:
4663:
4613:. Pearson Education India. p. 107.
4380:
4378:
4376:
3636:
3634:
3632:
3630:
3329:means meat), parottas (soft flatbread),
2955:
1584:in the foreign trade circles. The words
7462:
6510:A Short History of Malayalam Literature
6298:Upadhye, Aishwarya (16 November 2018).
5213:Amaresh Datta; Sahitya Akademi (1987).
4945:A Short History of Malayalam Literature
4694:Sasibhooshan, Gayathri (12 July 2012).
4141:"Travancore." Encyclopædia Britannica.
3561:
3541:
2529:An example of a Nalukettu structure is
2279:have made notable contributions to the
2147:. The prose literature, criticism, and
1428:in the medieval era. Earlier, the term
1382:worldwide. The estimated population of
682:
6335:
6333:
6331:
6329:
6327:
6325:
5986:Varghese, Theresa (18 December 2006).
5099:from the original on 10 September 2014
4937:
4935:
4933:
4931:
4929:
4123:from the original on 27 September 2013
3739:
3737:
3265:, there is a special utensil called a
1669:(now Gudalur and Panthalur taluks) of
1652:. The number of Malayalam speakers in
1614:Geographic distribution and population
625:
7282:Sree Narayana Dharma Paripalana Yogam
6412:from the original on 20 November 2021
6352:from the original on 20 November 2021
6340:Sabhnani, Dhara Vora (14 June 2019).
5407:from the original on 21 November 2021
4971:from the original on 21 November 2021
4892:from the original on 21 November 2021
4865:from the original on 22 November 2021
4292:from the original on 13 November 2021
3873:from the original on 10 December 2018
3817:from the original on 26 December 2018
3787:from the original on 26 December 2018
3670:from the original on 13 November 2021
3615:from the original on 26 December 2018
3351:, is also prepared by the community.
1195:
7:
5731:from the original on 17 January 2009
5602:Kunnath, Ammad (15 September 2015).
4706:from the original on 6 December 2020
4487:from the original on 1 November 2021
4270:Sreedhara Menon, A. (January 2007).
3981:from the original on 2 February 2021
3945:"Malayali, Malayalis in New Zealand"
3837:"Survey finds only 16.25 lakh NoRKs"
3362:paste covering a mixture of cashew,
3021:on the moolam day (according to the
2311:, today it is predominantly used in
1709:. Around one-third of population in
95:Regions with significant populations
6378:from the original on 24 August 2023
6310:from the original on 24 August 2023
6279:from the original on 24 August 2023
6160:from the original on 24 August 2023
6083:from the original on 24 August 2023
6044:from the original on 24 August 2023
6006:from the original on 24 August 2023
5934:from the original on 24 August 2023
5848:from the original on 24 August 2023
5800:Kunhikrishnan, K. (12 April 2003).
5620:from the original on 2 October 2022
5493:from the original on 24 August 2023
5374:from the original on 24 August 2023
5335:from the original on 24 August 2023
5315:Ed. Vinod Kumar Maheshwari (2002).
5296:from the original on 24 August 2023
5233:from the original on 24 August 2023
5194:from the original on 24 August 2023
5166:from the original on 24 August 2023
5138:from the original on 24 August 2023
5062:from the original on 24 August 2023
4834:from the original on 24 August 2023
4806:from the original on 24 August 2023
4454:from the original on 2 October 2022
4006:from the original on 24 August 2023
3951:from the original on 24 August 2023
3899:from the original on 24 August 2023
3847:from the original on 24 August 2023
3582:from the original on 24 August 2023
3394:made of flour, like baked, layered
2802:. The significance of music in the
2794:Music formed a major part of early
2032:and the lack of the literary Tamil
1855:Besides, the Malayalee citizens in
1592:are synonymous to each other. The
6554:Official site of Kerala Government
6372:"Kerala biryani (With vegetables)"
6255:outlookindia.com/outlooktraveller/
6063:Singh, Sarina (18 December 2005).
5772:Kakkat, Thulasi (18 August 2012).
5676:from the original on 15 April 2022
5542:from the original on 17 April 2022
5456:from the original on 17 April 2022
4959:Arun Narayanan (25 October 2018).
4517:from the original on 12 April 2020
4198:from the original on 23 April 2019
4111:"'Classical' status for Malayalam"
3925:from the original on 5 August 2020
3722:from the original on 27 March 2023
3696:from the original on 29 March 2023
3297:cuisine is a blend of traditional
2752:in unison call and response form.
1499:
25:
6342:"Straight from the Malabar Coast"
5219:. Sahitya Akademi. p. 2394.
4745:from the original on 29 July 2021
4725:Krishnamurti, Bhadriraju (2003).
4032:from the original on 14 June 2021
3971:"Where Malayalees once held sway"
3664:"Malayali, Malayalam in Malaysia"
2476:, the palace of the Maharajah of
7465:
7440:
7364:Places of Interest in Malappuram
6540:Mathrubhumi Yearbook Plus - 2019
6507:Dr. K. Ayyappa Panicker (2006).
5967:from the original on 26 May 2005
5751:Mathrubhumi Yearbook Plus - 2019
5393:Lyall, Sarah (15 October 1997).
4961:"The Charms of Poonthanam Illam"
4942:Dr. K. Ayyappa Panicker (2006).
4673:Mathrubhumi Yearbook Plus - 2019
4001:"With Kerala in their hearts..."
3605:"Kerala Migration Survey - 2014"
2664:, which was created by the poet
1550:comes from a combination of the
1396:Malayalee population in Malaysia
691:
610:
596:
581:
543:
525:
507:
489:
471:
453:
435:
417:
399:
381:
363:
345:
327:
309:
291:
273:
255:
237:
219:
201:
183:
165:
147:
140:Significant Malayali diaspora in
101:
7379:Tourist attractions of Palakkad
6804:2001 Kadalundi Train derailment
6468:University of Wisconsin–Madison
4088:from the original on 7 May 2021
3347:are used profusely. The Kerala
2209:winning poets and writers like
1466:sailors used to call Kerala as
6832:Agasthyamala Biosphere Reserve
6069:. Lonely Planet Publications.
5930:. Concept Publishing Company.
5608:(PhD). University of Calicut.
5360:. Peter Lang. pp. 44–45.
5282:. Sahitya Akademi. p. 3.
5048:. Greenwood Publishing Group.
4731:. Cambridge University Press.
4332:. Travancore Government Press.
4026:"Vienna Malayalee Association"
3611:. No. 17 September 2014.
3480:Non Resident Keralites Affairs
3438:the mother of all martial arts
2585:Margamkali performed during a
2022:(Old), those are not found in
1152:Portal:Dravidian civilizations
888:History of Dravidian languages
114:
1:
7419:Tourism in Thiruvananthapuram
7369:Tourist attractions in Kannur
6400:Kurian, Shijo (2 July 2014).
4344:Malabar and Anjengo, volume 1
4342:C. A. Innes and F. B. Evans,
4217:Varma, A.R. Rajaraja (2005).
3037:, near a temple dedicated to
2231:Akkitham Achuthan Namboothiri
2050:. For the first 600 years of
1951:community outside of Kerala.
1462:(6th century CE) itself, the
1432:had also been used to denote
1230:, occupying its southwestern
6518:Menon, A. Sreedhara (2007).
5928:"The Communication of Ideas"
5668:Kallen, hussain Randathani.
5279:Eng Adityan Radha And Others
4999:Menon, A. Sreedhara (2008).
4855:"Jnanpith given to Akkitham"
4634:Pillai, Anitha Devi (2017).
4554:Pillai, Anitha Devi (2017).
4477:"Census of India - Language"
3643:Kerala Migration Survey 2011
3510:Garshom International Awards
3255:(the boiled-down syrup from
3015:Champakulam Moolam Boat Race
2362:of aristocratic families in
1486:is thought to come from the
1248:classical languages of India
730:Ancient history of Sri Lanka
7302:Kerala Nadvathul Mujahideen
6227:. Keral.com. Archived from
5159:Accessions List, South Asia
4796:Broughton Richmond (1956),
4329:The Travancore State Manual
3500:Migrant labourers in Kerala
3444:" can be traced to ancient
3283:
3275:
3267:
3261:
3251:
3245:
3239:
3233:
3221:
3219:(steamed rice powder), and
3215:
3209:
3203:
3197:
3191:
3185:
3179:
3173:
3167:
3161:
3155:
3149:
3143:
3137:
2991:Veppu Vallam (Vaipu Vallam)
2219:Thakazhi Sivasankara Pillai
2109:Classical Language in India
2044:Quilon Syrian copper plates
2034:
2028:
1534:is reminiscent of the word
1446:. Until the arrival of the
1204:and sometimes known by the
7529:
6521:A Survey of Kerala History
5913:-Malayalam Resource Centre
5025:"August 23, 2010 Archives"
4315:. Madras Government Press.
3417:
3117:
3087:
2437:
2344:
2283:, which is a genre of the
2178:Ulloor S. Parameswara Iyer
2159:Paremmakkal Thoma Kathanar
2100:has been presented with 6
1964:
1958:
1874:
1716:Just before independence,
1617:
36:
29:
7437:
7045:
7026:colleges and universities
6882:Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve
6559:Malayalam Resource Centre
6481:"Discovery Latinoamérica"
6463:16 September 2008 at the
6200:. New Delhi: BR Rhythms.
6168:– via Google Books.
6121:– via Google Books.
6091:– via Google Books.
6052:– via Google Books.
6014:– via Google Books.
5942:– via Google Books.
5856:– via Google Books.
5704:Malayalam Resource Centre
5254:Malayalam Literary Survey
5070:– via Google Books.
4609:Vimala, Angelina (2007).
3813:. No. 16 July 2014.
3358:(deep-fried, boiled ripe
3029:Sree Krishna Temple. The
2846:(sopanam) leading to the
2539:Performing arts and music
2291:, otherwise known as the
2203:Kavalam Narayana Panicker
1326:countries, including the
1252:States Reorganisation Act
1246:language, one of the six
1222:& Union Territory of
898:Elamo-Dravidian languages
706:Indus Valley Civilisation
576:
564:
99:
82:
62:
6857:Eravikulam National Park
6809:2016 Paravur temple fire
6146:. Taylor & Francis.
5639:Panakkal, Abbas (2016).
4884:ANI (29 November 2019).
4437:Who's Who in Madras 1934
2265:Mappila Muslim community
2174:Vallathol Narayana Menon
2121:Thunchaththu Ezhuthachan
1117:Tulu Nadu state movement
893:Proto-Dravidian language
709:Keezhadi excavation site
134:∟Rest of India 2,371,339
37:Not to be confused with
6966:Saint Thomas Christians
6776:United Democratic Front
6108:Tourist Guide to Kerala
5475:Kuzhiyan, Muneer Aram.
5354:Amit Chaudhuri (2008).
5124:. Cosmo. p. 4542.
4728:The Dravidian Languages
4394:Logan, William (1887).
4221:. Kottayam: D C Books.
4172:10 January 2012 at the
4143:Encyclopædia Britannica
3648:10 January 2020 at the
3490:Ethnic groups in Kerala
3084:pookkalam/floral carpet
3059:Indira Gandhi Boat Race
2814:is musically known for
2730:Dubh Muttu/Aravanamuttu
2251:Vaikom Muhammed Basheer
1955:Language and literature
1922:Saint Thomas Christians
1816:regions, especially in
1414:meaning "mountain" and
1112:Kannada language rights
917:Dravidian folk religion
7513:Ethnic groups in India
7503:Malayali organizations
7270:Organisations/Agencies
7094:Dance / Drama / Cinema
6877:Nelliampathi Mountains
6438:29 August 2009 at the
6430:Suresh, P. R. (2005).
6196:Rolf, Killius (2006).
5118:Subodh Kapoor (2002).
4824:R. Leela Devi (1986).
4541:24 August 2023 at the
4397:Malabar Manual, Vol. 1
4326:V. Nagam Aiya (1906).
3415:
3132:
3085:
3003:Nehru Trophy Boat Race
2967:
2965:Nehru Trophy Boat Race
2593:
2571:
2560:
2550:
2481:
2453:
2440:Architecture of Kerala
2289:Arabi Malayalam script
2113:Cherusseri Namboothiri
1983:
1867:
1866:Kerala Samajam, Mysore
1648:and 406,358 (1.2%) in
1602:who is referred to as
1384:Malayalees in Malaysia
860:Dravidian architecture
850:Dravidian civilization
725:History of South India
6771:Left Democratic Front
6706:Perumpadapu Swaroopam
6646:Chovvanur burial cave
6564:26 March 2023 at the
6456:Zarrilli, Phillip B.
5879:"Kerala architecture"
5774:"Kerala's Nalukettus"
4888:. Business Standard.
3413:
3398:s with rich filling,
3127:
3080:
2959:
2774:politically incorrect
2668:as an alternative to
2652:and given the status
2584:
2566:
2556:
2546:
2471:
2447:
2334:A. R. Raja Raja Varma
1974:
1916:. The arrival of the
1865:
1681:and Puttur taluks of
1632:) and the islands of
1476:Cosmas Indicopleustes
1460:Cosmas Indicopleustes
1426:foreign trade circles
1400:A. R. Raja Raja Varma
1256:Kingdom of Travancore
1216:ethnolinguistic group
1132:Dravidian nationalism
39:Malays (ethnic group)
7414:Estuaries of Paravur
7399:Muzhappilangad Beach
7389:Tourism in Kasaragod
7277:Nair Service Society
6799:1988 Perumon tragedy
6748:Legislative Assembly
6666:Kingdom of Cannanore
5187:Indian Writing Today
5001:The legacy of Kerala
4916:keralaliterature.com
4592:9 March 2013 at the
4311:J. Sturrock (1894).
3895:. 27 December 2018.
3530:Malayali cartoonists
3520:Malayalam literature
3485:Kerala Gulf diaspora
2796:Malayalam literature
2705:. The Indian dancer
2662:poor man's Kathakali
2612:and Bhagavatipattu;
2223:M. T. Vasudevan Nair
2199:political radicalism
2195:Malayalam literature
2166:Triumvirate of poets
2154:Varthamanappusthakam
2149:Malayalam journalism
2129:Poonthanam Nambudiri
2098:Malayalam literature
2072:(Southern songs) in
2064:(Northern Songs) in
2000:Malayalam literature
1967:Malayalam literature
1924:, and the growth of
1910:his map of the world
1798:Greater Toronto Area
1711:Kanyakumari district
1644:, 557,705 (1.7%) in
1620:Kerala Gulf diaspora
1328:United Arab Emirates
855:South Indian culture
648:മലയാളികൾ Malayāḷikaḷ
155:United Arab Emirates
7307:Syro-Malabar Church
6761:Saptakakshi Munnani
6636:Ariyannur Umbrellas
6180:Sreedhara Menon, A.
5992:. Stark World Pub.
5961:dances.indobase.com
4249:on 18 January 2006.
3919:"Irish Census 2022"
3869:. 8 February 2017.
3843:. 31 October 2013.
3505:Malayali Australian
3354:The snacks include
3147:is complemented by
3050:Payippad Jalotsavam
2893:M.S. Gopalakrishnan
2871:community, who are
2532:Mattancherry Palace
2201:. The writers like
2188:and towards a more
2074:Southern Travancore
1871:History and culture
1458:. From the time of
1284:Zamorins of Calicut
1197:[mɐlɐjaːɭi]
883:Dravidian languages
738:Dravidian dynasties
686:culture and history
678:Part of a series on
69:Malayali men doing
59:
7334:Athirappilly Falls
7208:Suriyani Malayalam
7198:Malayalam calendar
6842:Kavvayi Backwaters
6814:2018 Kerala floods
6701:Vaikom Satyagraham
6676:Battle of Kulachal
6656:Zamorin of Calicut
6641:Kudakkallu Parambu
5989:Stark World Kerala
5802:"Fallen tharavads"
5574:on 8 November 2012
5400:The New York Times
5093:"South Asian arts"
4611:History and Civics
4481:censusindia.gov.in
3977:. 5 October 2005.
3811:The Times of India
3690:"FOKANA, About Us"
3495:Malaysian Malayali
3416:
3133:
3090:Malayalam calendar
3086:
3031:Aranmula Boat Race
3011:Alappuzha district
2995:Vadakkanody Vallam
2983:Iruttukuthy Vallam
2968:
2944:in the context of
2940:, which refers to
2889:T.V.Gopalakrishnan
2594:
2572:
2561:
2551:
2509:. The house has a
2482:
2454:
2418:Thiruvananthapuram
2354:, also spelled as
2273:Moyinkutty Vaidyar
2261:Dravidian language
2052:Malayalam calendar
2040:Malayalam calendar
1984:
1908:documenting it on
1868:
1792:in 2006. The 2001
1506:. Authors such as
1448:East India Company
1320:metropolitan areas
1318:and also in other
1122:Telugu Desam Party
629:മലയാളം (Malayalam)
7508:Dravidian peoples
7498:Malayali diaspora
7453:
7452:
7374:Islands of Kollam
7354:Kerala Backwaters
7339:Beaches in Kerala
7315:
7314:
7080:Triumvirate poets
6986:Jainism in Kerala
6902:Sasthamcotta Lake
6711:Malabar Migration
6691:Anglo-Mysore Wars
6374:. 22 April 2013.
6183:Kerala Charithram
5527:10.33306/mjssh/31
5441:10.33306/mjssh/31
5031:on 27 April 2013.
5010:978-81-264-2157-2
4827:History of Kerala
4738:978-1-139-43533-8
4620:978-81-317-0336-6
4407:978-81-206-0446-9
4355:M. T. Narayanan,
4285:978-81-264-1588-5
3570:"Census of India"
3446:Sangam literature
3120:Cuisine of Kerala
2924:Mappila Paattukal
2905:L. Athira Krishna
2895:, L. Subramaniam
2848:sanctum sanctorum
2804:culture of Kerala
2718:Nasranis Mappilas
2582:
2329:Kerala Panineeyam
2277:Pulikkottil Hyder
2271:. The poets like
2061:Vadakkan Pattukal
1992:Sangam literature
1877:History of Kerala
1840:region mainly in
1671:Nilgiris district
1600:Thachudaya Kaimal
1540:the land of hills
1260:Kingdom of Cochin
1185:
1184:
1137:Dravidian parties
1127:Tamil nationalism
996:Dravidian peoples
865:Dravidian studies
673:
672:
624:
623:
88: 40 million
16:(Redirected from
7520:
7470:
7469:
7468:
7461:
7447:India portal
7445:
7444:
7443:
7136:Cinema of Kerala
7043:
7006:Scheduled Tribes
6696:Battle of Quilon
6600:
6593:
6586:
6577:
6543:
6535:
6514:
6494:
6491:
6485:
6484:
6477:
6471:
6454:
6443:
6428:
6422:
6421:
6419:
6417:
6397:
6388:
6387:
6385:
6383:
6368:
6362:
6361:
6359:
6357:
6337:
6320:
6319:
6317:
6315:
6300:"Appams anyone?"
6295:
6289:
6288:
6286:
6284:
6265:
6259:
6258:
6247:
6241:
6240:
6238:
6236:
6231:on 2 August 2008
6221:
6212:
6211:
6193:
6187:
6186:
6176:
6170:
6169:
6167:
6165:
6136:
6123:
6122:
6102:
6093:
6092:
6090:
6088:
6060:
6054:
6053:
6051:
6049:
6022:
6016:
6015:
6013:
6011:
5983:
5977:
5976:
5974:
5972:
5953:
5944:
5943:
5941:
5939:
5923:
5914:
5912:
5907:. Archived from
5901:
5895:
5894:
5892:
5890:
5881:. Archived from
5875:
5858:
5857:
5855:
5853:
5825:
5819:
5818:
5816:
5814:
5797:
5791:
5790:
5788:
5786:
5769:
5763:
5762:
5747:
5741:
5740:
5738:
5736:
5721:
5715:
5712:
5706:
5701:
5695:
5692:
5686:
5685:
5683:
5681:
5665:
5659:
5658:
5656:
5654:
5636:
5630:
5629:
5627:
5625:
5599:
5593:
5590:
5584:
5583:
5581:
5579:
5558:
5552:
5551:
5549:
5547:
5529:
5509:
5503:
5502:
5500:
5498:
5472:
5466:
5465:
5463:
5461:
5443:
5423:
5417:
5416:
5414:
5412:
5390:
5384:
5383:
5381:
5379:
5351:
5345:
5344:
5342:
5340:
5312:
5306:
5305:
5303:
5301:
5273:
5267:
5266:
5264:
5262:
5249:
5243:
5242:
5240:
5238:
5210:
5204:
5203:
5201:
5199:
5182:
5176:
5175:
5173:
5171:
5154:
5148:
5147:
5145:
5143:
5115:
5109:
5108:
5106:
5104:
5089:
5083:
5078:
5072:
5071:
5069:
5067:
5039:
5033:
5032:
5027:. Archived from
5021:
5015:
5014:
4996:
4990:
4987:
4981:
4980:
4978:
4976:
4956:
4950:
4949:
4939:
4924:
4923:
4922:on 7 April 2019.
4918:. Archived from
4908:
4902:
4901:
4899:
4897:
4881:
4875:
4874:
4872:
4870:
4850:
4844:
4843:
4841:
4839:
4821:
4815:
4814:
4813:
4811:
4793:
4787:
4786:
4784:
4782:
4776:
4769:
4761:
4755:
4754:
4752:
4750:
4722:
4716:
4715:
4713:
4711:
4691:
4685:
4684:
4669:
4658:
4657:
4631:
4625:
4624:
4606:
4600:
4584:
4578:
4577:
4551:
4545:
4533:
4527:
4526:
4524:
4522:
4503:
4497:
4496:
4494:
4492:
4473:
4464:
4463:
4461:
4459:
4444:
4438:
4435:
4429:
4418:
4412:
4411:
4391:
4385:
4382:
4371:
4368:
4362:
4353:
4347:
4340:
4334:
4333:
4323:
4317:
4316:
4308:
4302:
4301:
4299:
4297:
4274:Kerala Charitram
4267:
4252:
4250:
4245:. Archived from
4239:
4233:
4232:
4219:Keralapanineeyam
4214:
4208:
4207:
4205:
4203:
4186:
4180:
4164:
4155:
4152:
4146:
4139:
4133:
4132:
4130:
4128:
4107:
4098:
4097:
4095:
4093:
4082:nihonkairali.com
4074:
4068:
4067:
4065:
4063:
4054:. Archived from
4048:
4042:
4041:
4039:
4037:
4022:
4016:
4015:
4013:
4011:
3997:
3991:
3990:
3988:
3986:
3967:
3961:
3960:
3958:
3956:
3941:
3935:
3934:
3932:
3930:
3915:
3909:
3908:
3906:
3904:
3889:
3883:
3882:
3880:
3878:
3863:
3857:
3856:
3854:
3852:
3833:
3827:
3826:
3824:
3822:
3803:
3797:
3796:
3794:
3792:
3773:
3767:
3766:
3764:
3762:
3756:
3750:. Archived from
3749:
3741:
3732:
3731:
3729:
3727:
3712:
3706:
3705:
3703:
3701:
3686:
3680:
3679:
3677:
3675:
3660:
3654:
3638:
3625:
3624:
3622:
3620:
3601:
3592:
3591:
3589:
3587:
3581:
3574:
3566:
3549:
3546:
3525:Malayalam script
3286:
3280:
3270:
3264:
3257:sweet palm toddy
3254:
3248:
3242:
3236:
3224:
3218:
3212:
3206:
3200:
3194:
3188:
3182:
3176:
3170:
3164:
3158:
3152:
3146:
3140:
2942:playback singing
2912:Hindustani music
2885:M. D. Ramanathan
2789:Malayalam Cinema
2765:Chavittu nadakom
2755:Parichamuttukali
2750:margamkali songs
2746:Nasrani Mappilas
2728:, also known as
2722:Latin Christians
2583:
2287:literature. The
2215:S. K. Pottekkatt
2211:G. Sankara Kurup
2172:: Kumaran Asan,
2102:Jnanapith awards
2070:Thekkan Pattukal
2037:
2031:
1981:Malayalam script
1933:Latin Christians
1802:Southern Ontario
1604:Manikkam Keralar
1501:
1288:Kingdom of Tanur
1276:Third Mysore War
1264:Malabar District
1199:
1194:
1177:
1170:
1163:
695:
675:
658:മലയാളം Malayāḷam
626:
614:
600:
585:
549:
547:
546:
531:
529:
528:
513:
511:
510:
495:
493:
492:
477:
475:
474:
459:
457:
456:
441:
439:
438:
423:
421:
420:
405:
403:
402:
387:
385:
384:
369:
367:
366:
351:
349:
348:
333:
331:
330:
315:
313:
312:
297:
295:
294:
279:
277:
276:
261:
259:
258:
243:
241:
240:
225:
223:
222:
207:
205:
204:
189:
187:
186:
171:
169:
168:
153:
151:
150:
133:
124:
115:
107:
105:
104:
89:
78:Total population
67:
60:
21:
7528:
7527:
7523:
7522:
7521:
7519:
7518:
7517:
7493:Malayali people
7478:
7477:
7476:
7466:
7464:
7456:
7454:
7449:
7441:
7439:
7433:
7311:
7265:
7222:
7213:Judeo-Malayalam
7203:Arabi Malayalam
7181:
7140:
7089:
7032:
6923:
6919:
6911:
6897:Protected areas
6862:Flora and fauna
6818:
6785:
6738:Chief Ministers
6723:
6715:
6681:Arakkal kingdom
6661:Venad Swaroopam
6612:
6604:
6566:Wayback Machine
6550:
6538:
6532:
6517:
6506:
6503:
6501:Further reading
6498:
6497:
6492:
6488:
6479:
6478:
6474:
6465:Wayback Machine
6455:
6446:
6440:Wayback Machine
6429:
6425:
6415:
6413:
6399:
6398:
6391:
6381:
6379:
6370:
6369:
6365:
6355:
6353:
6339:
6338:
6323:
6313:
6311:
6297:
6296:
6292:
6282:
6280:
6267:
6266:
6262:
6249:
6248:
6244:
6234:
6232:
6223:
6222:
6215:
6208:
6195:
6194:
6190:
6178:
6177:
6173:
6163:
6161:
6154:
6138:
6137:
6126:
6119:
6104:
6103:
6096:
6086:
6084:
6077:
6062:
6061:
6057:
6047:
6045:
6038:
6024:
6023:
6019:
6009:
6007:
6000:
5985:
5984:
5980:
5970:
5968:
5955:
5954:
5947:
5937:
5935:
5925:
5924:
5917:
5911:on 4 July 2013.
5903:
5902:
5898:
5888:
5886:
5885:on 21 July 2011
5877:
5876:
5861:
5851:
5849:
5842:
5834:. Pluto Press.
5827:
5826:
5822:
5812:
5810:
5799:
5798:
5794:
5784:
5782:
5771:
5770:
5766:
5749:
5748:
5744:
5734:
5732:
5723:
5722:
5718:
5713:
5709:
5702:
5698:
5693:
5689:
5679:
5677:
5667:
5666:
5662:
5652:
5650:
5638:
5637:
5633:
5623:
5621:
5601:
5600:
5596:
5591:
5587:
5577:
5575:
5560:
5559:
5555:
5545:
5543:
5511:
5510:
5506:
5496:
5494:
5474:
5473:
5469:
5459:
5457:
5425:
5424:
5420:
5410:
5408:
5392:
5391:
5387:
5377:
5375:
5368:
5353:
5352:
5348:
5338:
5336:
5329:
5314:
5313:
5309:
5299:
5297:
5290:
5275:
5274:
5270:
5260:
5258:
5251:
5250:
5246:
5236:
5234:
5227:
5212:
5211:
5207:
5197:
5195:
5184:
5183:
5179:
5169:
5167:
5156:
5155:
5151:
5141:
5139:
5132:
5117:
5116:
5112:
5102:
5100:
5091:
5090:
5086:
5079:
5075:
5065:
5063:
5056:
5041:
5040:
5036:
5023:
5022:
5018:
5011:
4998:
4997:
4993:
4988:
4984:
4974:
4972:
4958:
4957:
4953:
4941:
4940:
4927:
4910:
4909:
4905:
4895:
4893:
4883:
4882:
4878:
4868:
4866:
4852:
4851:
4847:
4837:
4835:
4823:
4822:
4818:
4809:
4807:
4802:, p. 218,
4795:
4794:
4790:
4780:
4778:
4774:
4767:
4763:
4762:
4758:
4748:
4746:
4739:
4724:
4723:
4719:
4709:
4707:
4693:
4692:
4688:
4671:
4670:
4661:
4646:
4633:
4632:
4628:
4621:
4608:
4607:
4603:
4594:Wayback Machine
4585:
4581:
4566:
4553:
4552:
4548:
4543:Wayback Machine
4534:
4530:
4520:
4518:
4505:
4504:
4500:
4490:
4488:
4475:
4474:
4467:
4457:
4455:
4446:
4445:
4441:
4436:
4432:
4419:
4415:
4408:
4393:
4392:
4388:
4383:
4374:
4369:
4365:
4354:
4350:
4341:
4337:
4325:
4324:
4320:
4310:
4309:
4305:
4295:
4293:
4286:
4269:
4268:
4255:
4243:"kerala.gov.in"
4241:
4240:
4236:
4229:
4216:
4215:
4211:
4201:
4199:
4188:
4187:
4183:
4178:censusindia.net
4174:Wayback Machine
4165:
4158:
4153:
4149:
4140:
4136:
4126:
4124:
4109:
4108:
4101:
4091:
4089:
4076:
4075:
4071:
4061:
4059:
4058:on 7 April 2021
4050:
4049:
4045:
4035:
4033:
4024:
4023:
4019:
4009:
4007:
3999:
3998:
3994:
3984:
3982:
3969:
3968:
3964:
3954:
3952:
3943:
3942:
3938:
3928:
3926:
3917:
3916:
3912:
3902:
3900:
3891:
3890:
3886:
3876:
3874:
3865:
3864:
3860:
3850:
3848:
3835:
3834:
3830:
3820:
3818:
3805:
3804:
3800:
3790:
3788:
3775:
3774:
3770:
3760:
3758:
3757:on 14 July 2014
3754:
3747:
3743:
3742:
3735:
3725:
3723:
3714:
3713:
3709:
3699:
3697:
3688:
3687:
3683:
3673:
3671:
3662:
3661:
3657:
3650:Wayback Machine
3639:
3628:
3618:
3616:
3603:
3602:
3595:
3585:
3583:
3579:
3572:
3568:
3567:
3563:
3558:
3553:
3552:
3547:
3543:
3538:
3515:Malayalam movie
3471:
3422:
3408:
3122:
3116:
3092:
3075:
3033:takes place at
2979:Churulan Vallam
2954:
2879:. Legends like
2714:Muslim Mappilas
2666:Kunchan Nambiar
2638:classical dance
2628:, and Thullal.
2574:
2541:
2487:
2442:
2436:
2423:marumakkathayam
2349:
2343:
2319:by the migrant
2305:Arabi Malayalam
2285:Arabi Malayalam
2257:Arabi Malayalam
2137:Kunchan Nambiar
2085:Thirunizhalmala
1969:
1963:
1957:
1879:
1873:
1794:Canadian census
1699:Kodagu district
1687:Kodagu district
1622:
1616:
1558:(hill) and the
1542:. According to
1498:(973–1048
1408:
1292:Arakkal kingdom
1278:(1790–92) from
1192:
1189:Malayali people
1181:
1147:
1146:
1107:
1099:
1098:
1097:
990:
982:
981:
961:
953:
952:
951:
911:
903:
902:
878:
870:
869:
845:
837:
836:
835:
734:
720:
712:
711:
703:
638:മലയാളി Malayāḷi
620:Others - <1%
609:
595:
590:
580:
544:
542:
526:
524:
508:
506:
490:
488:
472:
470:
454:
452:
436:
434:
418:
416:
400:
398:
382:
380:
364:
362:
346:
344:
328:
326:
310:
308:
292:
290:
274:
272:
256:
254:
238:
236:
220:
218:
202:
200:
184:
182:
166:
164:
148:
146:
131:
130:
122:
121:
113:
112:
102:
100:
87:
73:
57:
55:
51:
46:
35:
32:Malayali (film)
28:
23:
22:
18:Malayali people
15:
12:
11:
5:
7526:
7524:
7516:
7515:
7510:
7505:
7500:
7495:
7490:
7488:Kerala society
7480:
7479:
7475:
7474:
7451:
7450:
7438:
7435:
7434:
7432:
7431:
7426:
7421:
7416:
7411:
7406:
7401:
7396:
7391:
7386:
7381:
7376:
7371:
7366:
7361:
7356:
7351:
7346:
7341:
7336:
7331:
7325:
7323:
7317:
7316:
7313:
7312:
7310:
7309:
7304:
7299:
7298:
7297:
7292:
7284:
7279:
7273:
7271:
7267:
7266:
7264:
7263:
7258:
7253:
7251:Panchari melam
7248:
7243:
7232:
7230:
7224:
7223:
7221:
7220:
7218:Irula language
7215:
7210:
7205:
7200:
7195:
7189:
7187:
7183:
7182:
7180:
7179:
7174:
7169:
7164:
7159:
7154:
7148:
7146:
7142:
7141:
7139:
7138:
7133:
7128:
7123:
7118:
7113:
7108:
7103:
7097:
7095:
7091:
7090:
7088:
7087:
7082:
7077:
7075:Sarpam Thullal
7072:
7067:
7065:Kalarippayattu
7062:
7057:
7052:
7046:
7040:
7034:
7033:
7031:
7030:
7029:
7028:
7018:
7013:
7008:
7003:
6998:
6993:
6988:
6983:
6978:
6973:
6968:
6963:
6960:
6955:
6950:
6945:
6940:
6935:
6929:
6927:
6913:
6912:
6910:
6909:
6904:
6899:
6894:
6889:
6884:
6879:
6874:
6869:
6864:
6859:
6854:
6849:
6844:
6839:
6837:Ashtamudi Lake
6834:
6828:
6826:
6820:
6819:
6817:
6816:
6811:
6806:
6801:
6795:
6793:
6787:
6786:
6784:
6783:
6778:
6773:
6768:
6763:
6758:
6750:
6745:
6740:
6735:
6729:
6727:
6717:
6716:
6714:
6713:
6708:
6703:
6698:
6693:
6688:
6683:
6678:
6673:
6668:
6663:
6658:
6653:
6648:
6643:
6638:
6633:
6628:
6622:
6620:
6614:
6613:
6605:
6603:
6602:
6595:
6588:
6580:
6574:
6573:
6568:
6556:
6549:
6548:External links
6546:
6545:
6544:
6536:
6530:
6515:
6502:
6499:
6496:
6495:
6486:
6472:
6444:
6423:
6389:
6363:
6321:
6290:
6260:
6242:
6213:
6206:
6188:
6171:
6152:
6124:
6117:
6111:. Sura Books.
6094:
6075:
6055:
6036:
6017:
5998:
5978:
5945:
5915:
5896:
5859:
5840:
5820:
5792:
5764:
5742:
5716:
5707:
5696:
5687:
5660:
5649:on 27 May 2021
5631:
5594:
5585:
5553:
5504:
5467:
5418:
5385:
5367:978-1906165017
5366:
5346:
5328:978-8126900930
5327:
5307:
5289:978-8126018833
5288:
5268:
5244:
5226:978-0836424232
5225:
5205:
5177:
5149:
5131:978-8177552720
5130:
5110:
5084:
5073:
5054:
5034:
5016:
5009:
4991:
4982:
4951:
4925:
4903:
4876:
4845:
4816:
4788:
4777:on 27 May 2015
4756:
4737:
4717:
4686:
4659:
4644:
4626:
4619:
4601:
4579:
4564:
4546:
4528:
4498:
4465:
4439:
4430:
4426:978-3447025225
4413:
4406:
4386:
4372:
4363:
4348:
4335:
4318:
4303:
4284:
4253:
4234:
4227:
4209:
4181:
4156:
4147:
4134:
4099:
4069:
4043:
4017:
3992:
3962:
3936:
3910:
3884:
3858:
3828:
3798:
3768:
3733:
3707:
3681:
3655:
3626:
3593:
3560:
3559:
3557:
3554:
3551:
3550:
3540:
3539:
3537:
3534:
3533:
3532:
3527:
3522:
3517:
3512:
3507:
3502:
3497:
3492:
3487:
3482:
3477:
3470:
3467:
3463:Duarte Barbosa
3407:
3404:
3291:Muslim cuisine
3118:Main article:
3115:
3112:
3088:Main article:
3074:
3071:
3067:Kerala tourism
3007:Punnamada Lake
2975:Chundan Vallam
2953:
2950:
2920:Pulluvan Pattu
2877:Carnatic music
2785:Vigathakumaran
2614:semi religious
2540:
2537:
2524:Pathinarukettu
2486:
2483:
2474:Kowdiar Palace
2438:Main article:
2435:
2432:
2360:ancestral home
2345:Main article:
2342:
2339:
2227:O. N. V. Kurup
2133:Perinthalmanna
2107:Designated a "
2024:literary Tamil
1988:Tamil Language
1959:Main article:
1956:
1953:
1943:, and British
1920:, the rise of
1875:Main article:
1872:
1869:
1844:. The city of
1703:Yerava dialect
1615:
1612:
1608:Koodalmanikyam
1574:were known as
1508:Ibn Khordadbeh
1407:
1404:
1394:. Most of the
1364:United Kingdom
1183:
1182:
1180:
1179:
1172:
1165:
1157:
1154:
1153:
1149:
1148:
1145:
1144:
1139:
1134:
1129:
1124:
1119:
1114:
1108:
1105:
1104:
1101:
1100:
1096:
1095:
1090:
1085:
1080:
1075:
1070:
1065:
1060:
1055:
1049:
1043:
1038:
1033:
1028:
1023:
1018:
1013:
1008:
1003:
998:
992:
991:
988:
987:
984:
983:
980:
979:
974:
969:
962:
959:
958:
955:
954:
950:
949:
944:
939:
934:
929:
924:
919:
913:
912:
909:
908:
905:
904:
901:
900:
895:
890:
885:
879:
876:
875:
872:
871:
868:
867:
862:
857:
852:
846:
843:
842:
839:
838:
834:
833:
828:
823:
821:Aryacakravarti
818:
813:
808:
803:
798:
793:
788:
783:
778:
773:
768:
763:
758:
753:
748:
742:
741:
740:
733:
732:
727:
721:
718:
717:
714:
713:
704:
701:
700:
697:
696:
688:
687:
680:
679:
671:
670:
665:
661:
660:
655:
651:
650:
645:
641:
640:
635:
631:
630:
622:
621:
574:
573:
569:
568:
562:
561:
557:
556:
553:
539:
538:
535:
521:
520:
517:
503:
502:
499:
485:
484:
481:
467:
466:
463:
449:
448:
445:
431:
430:
427:
413:
412:
409:
395:
394:
391:
377:
376:
373:
359:
358:
355:
341:
340:
337:
323:
322:
319:
317:United Kingdom
305:
304:
301:
287:
286:
283:
269:
268:
265:
251:
250:
247:
233:
232:
229:
215:
214:
211:
197:
196:
193:
179:
178:
175:
161:
160:
157:
143:
142:
136:
135:
97:
96:
92:
91:
80:
79:
75:
74:
68:
49:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
7525:
7514:
7511:
7509:
7506:
7504:
7501:
7499:
7496:
7494:
7491:
7489:
7486:
7485:
7483:
7473:
7463:
7459:
7448:
7436:
7430:
7427:
7425:
7422:
7420:
7417:
7415:
7412:
7410:
7407:
7405:
7402:
7400:
7397:
7395:
7392:
7390:
7387:
7385:
7382:
7380:
7377:
7375:
7372:
7370:
7367:
7365:
7362:
7360:
7357:
7355:
7352:
7350:
7347:
7345:
7342:
7340:
7337:
7335:
7332:
7330:
7327:
7326:
7324:
7322:
7318:
7308:
7305:
7303:
7300:
7296:
7293:
7291:
7288:
7287:
7285:
7283:
7280:
7278:
7275:
7274:
7272:
7268:
7262:
7259:
7257:
7254:
7252:
7249:
7247:
7244:
7241:
7237:
7234:
7233:
7231:
7229:
7225:
7219:
7216:
7214:
7211:
7209:
7206:
7204:
7201:
7199:
7196:
7194:
7191:
7190:
7188:
7184:
7178:
7175:
7173:
7170:
7168:
7165:
7163:
7160:
7158:
7155:
7153:
7150:
7149:
7147:
7143:
7137:
7134:
7132:
7129:
7127:
7124:
7122:
7119:
7117:
7114:
7112:
7109:
7107:
7104:
7102:
7099:
7098:
7096:
7092:
7086:
7083:
7081:
7078:
7076:
7073:
7071:
7068:
7066:
7063:
7061:
7058:
7056:
7053:
7051:
7048:
7047:
7044:
7041:
7039:
7035:
7027:
7024:
7023:
7022:
7019:
7017:
7014:
7012:
7009:
7007:
7004:
7002:
6999:
6997:
6994:
6992:
6989:
6987:
6984:
6982:
6979:
6977:
6974:
6972:
6969:
6967:
6964:
6961:
6959:
6956:
6954:
6951:
6949:
6946:
6944:
6941:
6939:
6936:
6934:
6931:
6930:
6928:
6926:
6922:
6918:
6914:
6908:
6907:Vembanad Lake
6905:
6903:
6900:
6898:
6895:
6893:
6890:
6888:
6887:Nilgiri Hills
6885:
6883:
6880:
6878:
6875:
6873:
6870:
6868:
6867:Malabar Coast
6865:
6863:
6860:
6858:
6855:
6853:
6850:
6848:
6845:
6843:
6840:
6838:
6835:
6833:
6830:
6829:
6827:
6825:
6821:
6815:
6812:
6810:
6807:
6805:
6802:
6800:
6797:
6796:
6794:
6792:
6788:
6782:
6779:
6777:
6774:
6772:
6769:
6767:
6766:Aikya Munnani
6764:
6762:
6759:
6757:
6755:
6751:
6749:
6746:
6744:
6741:
6739:
6736:
6734:
6731:
6730:
6728:
6726:
6722:
6718:
6712:
6709:
6707:
6704:
6702:
6699:
6697:
6694:
6692:
6689:
6687:
6684:
6682:
6679:
6677:
6674:
6672:
6671:Kerala school
6669:
6667:
6664:
6662:
6659:
6657:
6654:
6652:
6649:
6647:
6644:
6642:
6639:
6637:
6634:
6632:
6631:Edakkal Caves
6629:
6627:
6626:Sangam period
6624:
6623:
6621:
6619:
6615:
6611:
6608:
6601:
6596:
6594:
6589:
6587:
6582:
6581:
6578:
6572:
6569:
6567:
6563:
6560:
6557:
6555:
6552:
6551:
6547:
6541:
6537:
6533:
6531:9788126415786
6527:
6523:
6522:
6516:
6512:
6511:
6505:
6504:
6500:
6490:
6487:
6482:
6476:
6473:
6469:
6466:
6462:
6459:
6453:
6451:
6449:
6445:
6442:
6441:
6437:
6434:
6427:
6424:
6411:
6407:
6403:
6396:
6394:
6390:
6377:
6373:
6367:
6364:
6351:
6347:
6343:
6336:
6334:
6332:
6330:
6328:
6326:
6322:
6309:
6305:
6301:
6294:
6291:
6278:
6274:
6270:
6264:
6261:
6256:
6252:
6246:
6243:
6230:
6226:
6220:
6218:
6214:
6209:
6207:81-88827-07-X
6203:
6199:
6192:
6189:
6184:
6181:
6175:
6172:
6159:
6155:
6153:9780824049461
6149:
6145:
6144:
6135:
6133:
6131:
6129:
6125:
6120:
6118:9788174781642
6114:
6110:
6109:
6101:
6099:
6095:
6082:
6078:
6076:9781740596947
6072:
6068:
6067:
6059:
6056:
6043:
6039:
6037:9780546721676
6033:
6029:
6028:
6021:
6018:
6005:
6001:
5999:9788190250511
5995:
5991:
5990:
5982:
5979:
5966:
5962:
5958:
5952:
5950:
5946:
5933:
5929:
5922:
5920:
5916:
5910:
5906:
5900:
5897:
5884:
5880:
5874:
5872:
5870:
5868:
5866:
5864:
5860:
5847:
5843:
5841:9780745316932
5837:
5833:
5832:
5824:
5821:
5809:
5808:
5803:
5796:
5793:
5781:
5780:
5775:
5768:
5765:
5760:
5756:
5752:
5746:
5743:
5730:
5726:
5720:
5717:
5711:
5708:
5705:
5700:
5697:
5691:
5688:
5675:
5671:
5664:
5661:
5648:
5644:
5643:
5635:
5632:
5619:
5615:
5611:
5607:
5606:
5598:
5595:
5589:
5586:
5573:
5569:
5568:
5563:
5557:
5554:
5541:
5537:
5533:
5528:
5523:
5519:
5515:
5508:
5505:
5492:
5488:
5484:
5480:
5479:
5471:
5468:
5455:
5451:
5447:
5442:
5437:
5433:
5429:
5422:
5419:
5406:
5402:
5401:
5396:
5389:
5386:
5373:
5369:
5363:
5359:
5358:
5350:
5347:
5334:
5330:
5324:
5320:
5319:
5311:
5308:
5295:
5291:
5285:
5281:
5280:
5272:
5269:
5256:
5255:
5248:
5245:
5232:
5228:
5222:
5218:
5217:
5209:
5206:
5193:
5189:
5188:
5181:
5178:
5165:
5161:
5160:
5153:
5150:
5137:
5133:
5127:
5123:
5122:
5114:
5111:
5098:
5094:
5088:
5085:
5082:
5077:
5074:
5061:
5057:
5055:9780313287787
5051:
5047:
5046:
5038:
5035:
5030:
5026:
5020:
5017:
5012:
5006:
5002:
4995:
4992:
4986:
4983:
4970:
4966:
4962:
4955:
4952:
4947:
4946:
4938:
4936:
4934:
4932:
4930:
4926:
4921:
4917:
4913:
4907:
4904:
4891:
4887:
4880:
4877:
4864:
4860:
4856:
4849:
4846:
4833:
4829:
4828:
4820:
4817:
4805:
4801:
4800:
4792:
4789:
4773:
4766:
4760:
4757:
4744:
4740:
4734:
4730:
4729:
4721:
4718:
4705:
4701:
4697:
4690:
4687:
4682:
4678:
4674:
4668:
4666:
4664:
4660:
4655:
4651:
4647:
4645:9789814721837
4641:
4637:
4630:
4627:
4622:
4616:
4612:
4605:
4602:
4599:
4598:stats.govt.nz
4595:
4591:
4588:
4583:
4580:
4575:
4571:
4567:
4565:9789814721837
4561:
4557:
4550:
4547:
4544:
4540:
4537:
4532:
4529:
4516:
4512:
4508:
4502:
4499:
4486:
4482:
4478:
4472:
4470:
4466:
4453:
4449:
4443:
4440:
4434:
4431:
4427:
4423:
4417:
4414:
4409:
4403:
4399:
4398:
4390:
4387:
4381:
4379:
4377:
4373:
4367:
4364:
4360:
4359:
4352:
4349:
4345:
4339:
4336:
4331:
4330:
4322:
4319:
4314:
4307:
4304:
4291:
4287:
4281:
4277:
4276:
4273:
4266:
4264:
4262:
4260:
4258:
4254:
4248:
4244:
4238:
4235:
4230:
4228:81-7130-672-1
4224:
4220:
4213:
4210:
4197:
4193:
4192:
4185:
4182:
4179:
4175:
4171:
4168:
4163:
4161:
4157:
4151:
4148:
4144:
4138:
4135:
4122:
4118:
4117:
4112:
4106:
4104:
4100:
4087:
4083:
4079:
4073:
4070:
4057:
4053:
4047:
4044:
4031:
4027:
4021:
4018:
4005:
4002:
3996:
3993:
3980:
3976:
3972:
3966:
3963:
3950:
3946:
3940:
3937:
3924:
3920:
3914:
3911:
3898:
3894:
3888:
3885:
3872:
3868:
3862:
3859:
3846:
3842:
3838:
3832:
3829:
3816:
3812:
3808:
3802:
3799:
3786:
3782:
3778:
3772:
3769:
3753:
3746:
3740:
3738:
3734:
3721:
3717:
3711:
3708:
3695:
3691:
3685:
3682:
3669:
3665:
3659:
3656:
3652:
3651:
3647:
3644:
3637:
3635:
3633:
3631:
3627:
3614:
3610:
3606:
3600:
3598:
3594:
3578:
3571:
3565:
3562:
3555:
3545:
3542:
3535:
3531:
3528:
3526:
3523:
3521:
3518:
3516:
3513:
3511:
3508:
3506:
3503:
3501:
3498:
3496:
3493:
3491:
3488:
3486:
3483:
3481:
3478:
3476:
3473:
3472:
3468:
3466:
3464:
3459:
3455:
3449:
3447:
3443:
3439:
3435:
3431:
3427:
3426:Kalaripayattu
3421:
3420:Kalaripayattu
3412:
3405:
3403:
3401:
3397:
3393:
3389:
3388:Chattipathiri
3385:
3381:
3377:
3373:
3369:
3365:
3361:
3357:
3352:
3350:
3346:
3342:
3338:
3334:
3333:
3328:
3324:
3320:
3316:
3315:Kallummakkaya
3312:
3308:
3304:
3300:
3296:
3292:
3288:
3285:
3279:
3278:
3272:
3269:
3263:
3258:
3253:
3247:
3241:
3235:
3230:
3228:
3223:
3217:
3211:
3205:
3199:
3193:
3187:
3181:
3175:
3169:
3163:
3157:
3151:
3145:
3139:
3131:
3126:
3121:
3113:
3111:
3109:
3105:
3101:
3097:
3091:
3083:
3079:
3072:
3070:
3068:
3064:
3060:
3056:
3051:
3046:
3044:
3040:
3036:
3032:
3028:
3024:
3023:Malayalam Era
3020:
3016:
3012:
3008:
3004:
3000:
2996:
2992:
2988:
2984:
2980:
2976:
2972:
2966:
2962:
2958:
2951:
2949:
2947:
2943:
2939:
2935:
2933:
2929:
2928:Mappila Songs
2925:
2921:
2917:
2913:
2908:
2906:
2902:
2901:K. J. Yesudas
2898:
2897:T.N. Krishnan
2894:
2890:
2886:
2882:
2881:Swati Tirunal
2878:
2874:
2870:
2866:
2861:
2859:
2858:
2853:
2849:
2845:
2841:
2837:
2833:
2829:
2825:
2821:
2817:
2813:
2809:
2805:
2801:
2797:
2792:
2790:
2786:
2782:
2778:
2775:
2769:
2767:
2766:
2761:
2760:Kalaripayattu
2757:
2756:
2751:
2747:
2743:
2739:
2737:
2733:
2731:
2727:
2723:
2719:
2715:
2710:
2708:
2707:Guru Gopinath
2704:
2700:
2696:
2691:
2689:
2685:
2681:
2677:
2673:
2672:
2667:
2663:
2659:
2655:
2651:
2647:
2643:
2639:
2635:
2631:
2627:
2623:
2619:
2615:
2611:
2607:
2603:
2599:
2591:
2588:
2569:
2568:Kalaripayattu
2565:
2559:
2555:
2549:
2545:
2538:
2536:
2534:
2533:
2527:
2525:
2521:
2517:
2512:
2508:
2504:
2500:
2496:
2492:
2484:
2479:
2475:
2470:
2466:
2465:
2464:architecture.
2458:
2451:
2446:
2441:
2433:
2431:
2429:
2425:
2424:
2419:
2415:
2411:
2407:
2403:
2399:
2395:
2391:
2387:
2382:
2380:
2376:
2372:
2369:
2365:
2361:
2357:
2353:
2348:
2340:
2338:
2335:
2331:
2330:
2324:
2322:
2318:
2314:
2310:
2306:
2302:
2299:with special
2298:
2297:Arabic script
2294:
2290:
2286:
2282:
2281:Mappila songs
2278:
2274:
2270:
2269:Malabar Coast
2266:
2262:
2258:
2254:
2252:
2248:
2247:Arundhati Roy
2244:
2240:
2236:
2235:O. V. Vijayan
2232:
2228:
2224:
2220:
2216:
2212:
2208:
2204:
2200:
2196:
2191:
2187:
2183:
2179:
2175:
2171:
2167:
2162:
2160:
2157:, written by
2156:
2155:
2150:
2146:
2142:
2138:
2134:
2130:
2126:
2122:
2118:
2114:
2110:
2105:
2103:
2099:
2095:
2094:Old Malayalam
2091:
2087:
2086:
2081:
2080:
2075:
2071:
2067:
2066:North Malabar
2063:
2062:
2057:
2053:
2049:
2048:Old Malayalam
2045:
2041:
2036:
2030:
2025:
2021:
2017:
2013:
2009:
2008:Edakkal Caves
2005:
2004:Niranam poets
2001:
1997:
1993:
1989:
1982:
1978:
1973:
1968:
1962:
1954:
1952:
1948:
1946:
1942:
1938:
1937:Dutch Malabar
1934:
1930:
1927:
1923:
1919:
1915:
1911:
1907:
1903:
1899:
1898:Malabar coast
1894:
1892:
1888:
1884:
1883:Chera dynasty
1878:
1870:
1864:
1860:
1858:
1853:
1851:
1847:
1843:
1839:
1835:
1831:
1827:
1823:
1819:
1815:
1811:
1807:
1803:
1799:
1795:
1791:
1787:
1783:
1782:United States
1779:
1775:
1771:
1767:
1763:
1762:United States
1759:
1755:
1751:
1747:
1743:
1739:
1735:
1731:
1727:
1723:
1719:
1714:
1712:
1708:
1704:
1700:
1696:
1692:
1688:
1684:
1680:
1676:
1672:
1668:
1667:Gudalur taluk
1664:
1660:
1655:
1651:
1647:
1643:
1639:
1635:
1631:
1627:
1621:
1613:
1611:
1609:
1605:
1601:
1597:
1596:
1595:Skanda Purana
1591:
1587:
1583:
1582:
1577:
1573:
1572:Malabar Coast
1569:
1565:
1561:
1557:
1553:
1549:
1545:
1544:William Logan
1541:
1537:
1533:
1529:
1525:
1521:
1517:
1513:
1509:
1505:
1497:
1493:
1489:
1485:
1481:
1477:
1473:
1469:
1465:
1461:
1457:
1453:
1449:
1445:
1444:
1439:
1435:
1431:
1427:
1423:
1422:
1417:
1413:
1405:
1403:
1401:
1397:
1393:
1389:
1385:
1381:
1377:
1373:
1369:
1365:
1361:
1360:United States
1357:
1353:
1349:
1345:
1341:
1337:
1333:
1329:
1325:
1321:
1317:
1313:
1307:
1305:
1301:
1297:
1293:
1289:
1285:
1281:
1277:
1273:
1272:British India
1269:
1265:
1261:
1257:
1253:
1249:
1245:
1241:
1237:
1233:
1232:Malabar coast
1229:
1225:
1221:
1217:
1214:
1210:
1207:
1203:
1200:; also spelt
1198:
1190:
1178:
1173:
1171:
1166:
1164:
1159:
1158:
1156:
1155:
1151:
1150:
1143:
1140:
1138:
1135:
1133:
1130:
1128:
1125:
1123:
1120:
1118:
1115:
1113:
1110:
1109:
1103:
1102:
1094:
1091:
1089:
1086:
1084:
1081:
1079:
1076:
1074:
1071:
1069:
1066:
1064:
1061:
1059:
1058:Cholanaikkans
1056:
1053:
1050:
1047:
1044:
1042:
1039:
1037:
1034:
1032:
1029:
1027:
1024:
1022:
1019:
1017:
1014:
1012:
1009:
1007:
1004:
1002:
1001:Brahui people
999:
997:
994:
993:
986:
985:
978:
975:
973:
970:
967:
964:
963:
957:
956:
948:
945:
943:
940:
938:
935:
933:
930:
928:
925:
923:
920:
918:
915:
914:
907:
906:
899:
896:
894:
891:
889:
886:
884:
881:
880:
874:
873:
866:
863:
861:
858:
856:
853:
851:
848:
847:
841:
840:
832:
831:Eastern Ganga
829:
827:
826:Western Ganga
824:
822:
819:
817:
814:
812:
809:
807:
804:
802:
799:
797:
794:
792:
789:
787:
784:
782:
779:
777:
774:
772:
769:
767:
764:
762:
759:
757:
754:
752:
749:
747:
744:
743:
739:
736:
735:
731:
728:
726:
723:
722:
716:
715:
710:
707:
699:
698:
694:
690:
689:
685:
681:
677:
676:
669:
668:കേരളം Kēraḷam
666:
662:
659:
656:
652:
649:
646:
642:
639:
636:
632:
627:
619:
617:
613:
607:
603:
599:
594:
588:
584:
579:
575:
570:
567:
563:
558:
554:
552:
540:
536:
534:
522:
518:
516:
504:
500:
498:
486:
482:
480:
468:
464:
462:
450:
446:
444:
432:
428:
426:
414:
410:
408:
396:
392:
390:
378:
374:
372:
360:
356:
354:
342:
338:
336:
324:
320:
318:
306:
302:
300:
288:
284:
282:
270:
266:
264:
252:
248:
246:
245:United States
234:
230:
228:
216:
212:
210:
198:
194:
192:
180:
176:
174:
162:
158:
156:
144:
141:
137:
128:
119:
110:
98:
93:
90:
86:
81:
76:
72:
71:Kalaripayattu
66:
61:
48:
44:
40:
33:
19:
7349:Chembra Peak
7256:Panchavadyam
7126:Ottamthullal
7116:Mohiniyattam
7055:Architecture
7011:Kerala model
6971:Kerala Iyers
6938:Namboothiris
6917:Demographics
6892:Palakkad Gap
6753:
6539:
6524:. DC Books.
6520:
6509:
6489:
6475:
6431:
6426:
6414:. Retrieved
6405:
6380:. Retrieved
6366:
6354:. Retrieved
6345:
6312:. Retrieved
6303:
6293:
6281:. Retrieved
6272:
6263:
6254:
6245:
6233:. Retrieved
6229:the original
6197:
6191:
6182:
6174:
6162:. Retrieved
6142:
6107:
6087:22 September
6085:. Retrieved
6065:
6058:
6048:22 September
6046:. Retrieved
6026:
6020:
6010:22 September
6008:. Retrieved
5988:
5981:
5969:. Retrieved
5960:
5938:22 September
5936:. Retrieved
5909:the original
5899:
5887:. Retrieved
5883:the original
5852:22 September
5850:. Retrieved
5830:
5823:
5811:. Retrieved
5805:
5795:
5783:. Retrieved
5777:
5767:
5750:
5745:
5733:. Retrieved
5719:
5710:
5699:
5690:
5678:. Retrieved
5663:
5651:. Retrieved
5647:the original
5641:
5634:
5622:. Retrieved
5604:
5597:
5588:
5576:. Retrieved
5572:the original
5565:
5556:
5544:. Retrieved
5517:
5507:
5495:. Retrieved
5487:10603/213506
5477:
5470:
5458:. Retrieved
5431:
5421:
5409:. Retrieved
5398:
5388:
5376:. Retrieved
5356:
5349:
5337:. Retrieved
5317:
5310:
5298:. Retrieved
5278:
5271:
5259:. Retrieved
5253:
5247:
5235:. Retrieved
5215:
5208:
5196:. Retrieved
5186:
5180:
5168:. Retrieved
5158:
5152:
5140:. Retrieved
5120:
5113:
5103:15 September
5101:. Retrieved
5087:
5076:
5066:22 September
5064:. Retrieved
5044:
5037:
5029:the original
5019:
5000:
4994:
4985:
4973:. Retrieved
4964:
4954:
4944:
4920:the original
4915:
4906:
4894:. Retrieved
4879:
4867:. Retrieved
4858:
4848:
4836:. Retrieved
4826:
4819:
4808:, retrieved
4798:
4791:
4779:. Retrieved
4772:the original
4765:"Kollam Era"
4759:
4747:. Retrieved
4727:
4720:
4708:. Retrieved
4699:
4689:
4672:
4635:
4629:
4610:
4604:
4597:
4582:
4555:
4549:
4531:
4519:. Retrieved
4510:
4501:
4489:. Retrieved
4480:
4456:. Retrieved
4442:
4433:
4416:
4396:
4389:
4366:
4356:
4351:
4343:
4338:
4328:
4321:
4306:
4294:. Retrieved
4275:
4272:
4247:the original
4237:
4218:
4212:
4200:. Retrieved
4190:
4184:
4177:
4150:
4142:
4137:
4125:. Retrieved
4114:
4092:21 September
4090:. Retrieved
4081:
4072:
4060:. Retrieved
4056:the original
4046:
4036:21 September
4034:. Retrieved
4020:
4008:. Retrieved
3995:
3983:. Retrieved
3974:
3965:
3953:. Retrieved
3939:
3929:13 September
3927:. Retrieved
3913:
3901:. Retrieved
3887:
3875:. Retrieved
3861:
3849:. Retrieved
3840:
3831:
3819:. Retrieved
3810:
3801:
3789:. Retrieved
3780:
3771:
3759:. Retrieved
3752:the original
3724:. Retrieved
3710:
3698:. Retrieved
3684:
3672:. Retrieved
3658:
3641:
3617:. Retrieved
3608:
3584:. Retrieved
3564:
3544:
3450:
3440:. The word "
3437:
3433:
3429:
3423:
3406:Martial arts
3399:
3395:
3387:
3379:
3355:
3353:
3337:black pepper
3330:
3326:
3323:Irachi Puttu
3322:
3314:
3289:
3273:
3249:served with
3231:
3134:
3130:Kerala Sadya
3093:
3047:
3039:Lord Krishna
3027:Ambalappuzha
2999:Kochu Vallam
2998:
2994:
2990:
2986:
2982:
2978:
2969:
2946:Indian music
2936:
2927:
2919:
2909:
2862:
2855:
2843:
2839:
2832:Gita Govinda
2793:
2770:
2763:
2753:
2749:
2740:
2734:
2729:
2711:
2694:
2692:
2671:Chakiarkooth
2669:
2661:
2658:Ottamthullal
2653:
2641:
2636:are the two
2634:Mohiniyattam
2633:
2629:
2626:Mohiniyattam
2617:
2613:
2605:
2601:
2597:
2595:
2587:Syro-Malabar
2558:Mohiniyattam
2530:
2528:
2523:
2519:
2506:
2497:(Science of
2495:Tachu Sastra
2494:
2488:
2462:
2459:
2455:
2434:Architecture
2427:
2421:
2383:
2379:Para Devatha
2378:
2374:
2371:joint family
2355:
2351:
2350:
2327:
2325:
2301:orthographic
2255:
2169:
2163:
2152:
2144:
2106:
2083:
2079:Ramacharitam
2077:
2069:
2059:
2019:
2015:
1985:
1977:Malayāḷalipi
1976:
1949:
1895:
1880:
1854:
1814:Persian Gulf
1715:
1683:South Canara
1662:
1658:
1623:
1603:
1593:
1589:
1585:
1580:
1575:
1567:
1555:
1547:
1539:
1538:which means
1535:
1531:
1527:
1523:
1519:
1515:
1512:Al-Baladhuri
1503:
1491:
1483:
1479:
1471:
1467:
1455:
1451:
1441:
1429:
1419:
1415:
1411:
1409:
1336:Saudi Arabia
1324:Persian Gulf
1308:
1268:South Canara
1208:
1201:
1188:
1186:
1142:Dravida Nadu
1006:Gondi people
737:
647:
637:
616:Christianity
592:
591:
577:
458:
209:Saudi Arabia
139:
83:
50:Ethnic group
47:
27:Ethnic group
7424:Vallam kali
7172:Eid al-Adha
7167:Eid al-Fitr
7111:Koodiyattam
7085:Vallam kali
6981:Cochin Jews
6943:Ambalavasis
6781:Politicians
6686:Lakshadweep
6314:18 December
6283:18 December
5905:"Nalukettu"
5813:13 December
5785:13 December
5614:10603/49524
5520:: 406–416.
5434:: 406–416.
5411:11 November
5378:18 November
5339:18 November
5300:18 November
5261:18 November
5237:18 November
5198:18 November
5170:18 November
5142:18 November
4781:30 December
4749:16 November
3851:18 December
3781:abs.gov.au/
3430:naaduvazhis
3402:and so on.
3400:Arikkadukka
3378:or sugar),
3284:appa-chatti
3268:puttu kutti
3213:(tapioca),
3019:river Pamba
3013:of Kerala.
2971:Vallam Kali
2952:Vallam Kali
2642:dance-drama
2428:makkathayam
2368:matrilineal
2332:written by
2323:community.
2243:M. Mukundan
2186:metaphysics
2170:Kavithrayam
2131:(Born near
2123:(Born near
2115:(Born near
2092:written in
2018:(This) and
1918:Cochin Jews
1914:spice trade
1806:New Zealand
1774:New Zealand
1758:Middle East
1654:Lakshadweep
1650:Maharashtra
1638:Arabian Sea
1634:Lakshadweep
1630:Kanyakumari
1546:, the word
1474:written by
1450:, the term
1438:Kanyakumari
1380:expatriates
1372:New Zealand
1296:Kolathunadu
1280:Tipu Sultan
1240:Lakshadweep
1224:Lakshadweep
966:South India
766:Rashtrakuta
606:Sunni Islam
461:Switzerland
389:New Zealand
127:Lakshadweep
120:32,413,213
56:malayāḷikal
7482:Categories
7240:Thayambaka
7121:Margamkali
7070:Literature
6996:Dravidians
6847:Backwaters
6721:Government
6416:26 January
6356:26 January
6164:18 October
5971:1 November
5889:1 November
5759:8182676444
5546:7 February
5497:7 February
5460:7 February
4710:21 October
4681:8182676444
4511:Census.gov
3903:15 October
3821:21 October
3791:21 October
3619:21 October
3556:References
3418:See also:
3317:(mussels)
3198:pulisherry
2987:Odi Vallam
2961:Vallamkali
2938:Film music
2873:Ambalavasi
2844:holy steps
2840:sangeetham
2836:Ashtapadis
2742:Margamkali
2726:Duff Muttu
2646:Kutiyattam
2620:, such as
2608:, such as
2511:quadrangle
2507:Nadumuttom
2478:Travancore
2452:structure.
2448:A typical
2406:Malappuram
2090:epic poems
1965:See also:
1754:Chandigarh
1748:(Bombay),
1738:Coimbatore
1724:(Madras),
1701:speak the
1675:Tamil Nadu
1642:Tamil Nadu
1618:See also:
1576:Malabarese
1494:('hill').
1472:Topography
1362:(US), the
1312:Tamil Nadu
1300:Valluvanad
1193:Malayalam:
1052:Giraavarus
1011:Kannadigas
977:South Asia
761:Satavahana
111:34,838,819
43:Malaysians
7404:Peruvanam
7329:Alappuzha
7286:Samastha
7193:Malayalam
7186:Languages
7177:Christmas
7145:Festivals
7101:Kathakali
7021:Education
6948:Samanthas
6933:Malayalis
6852:Districts
6824:Geography
6791:Incidents
6756:elections
6754:Panchayat
6743:Governors
6406:The Hindu
6382:8 January
6346:The Hindu
6304:The Hindu
6273:NDTV Food
6235:2 January
5807:The Hindu
5779:The Hindu
5578:15 August
5567:The Hindu
5536:2590-3691
5450:2590-3691
4965:The Hindu
4859:The Hindu
4700:The Hindu
4654:962741080
4574:962741080
4116:The Hindu
3985:11 August
3975:DNA India
3841:The Hindu
3434:Vazhunors
3380:Muttamala
3374:grating,
3356:Unnakkaya
3192:injipully
3108:Christmas
3104:Deepavali
3073:Festivals
2838:. Sopana
2703:Kathakali
2630:Kathakali
2622:Kathakali
2606:religious
2548:Kathakali
2520:Ettukettu
2516:tharavadu
2503:courtyard
2499:Carpentry
2491:Nalukettu
2485:Nalukettu
2450:Nalukettu
2375:Karanavar
2356:Tharavadu
2341:Tharavadu
2317:Singapore
2239:Kamaladas
2182:sophistry
2161:in 1785.
1996:Malayalam
1975:The word
1961:Malayalam
1939:, French
1902:Roman era
1887:Tamilakam
1850:Bangalore
1790:Australia
1786:tri-state
1770:Australia
1750:Ahmedabad
1742:Hyderabad
1734:Mangalore
1730:Bangalore
1691:Karnataka
1679:Mangalore
1646:Karnataka
1626:Mangalore
1552:Dravidian
1496:Al-Biruni
1488:Dravidian
1434:Tulu Nadu
1406:Etymology
1368:Australia
1356:Singapore
1316:Karnataka
1244:Malayalam
1213:Dravidian
1202:Malayalee
1054:(Extinct)
1048:(Extinct)
1021:Malayalis
972:Sri Lanka
968:(Dravida)
684:Dravidian
618:- 18.38%
608:)- 26.56%
566:Malayalam
560:Languages
479:Indonesia
353:Singapore
299:Australia
159:1,014,000
54:Malayalis
7001:Adivasis
6958:Mappilas
6925:Religion
6872:Marayoor
6733:Agencies
6725:Politics
6562:Archived
6461:Archived
6436:Archived
6410:Archived
6376:Archived
6350:Archived
6308:Archived
6277:Archived
6158:Archived
6081:Archived
6042:Archived
6004:Archived
5965:Archived
5932:Archived
5846:Archived
5729:Archived
5674:Archived
5618:Archived
5540:Archived
5491:Archived
5454:Archived
5405:Archived
5372:Archived
5333:Archived
5294:Archived
5231:Archived
5192:Archived
5164:Archived
5136:Archived
5097:Archived
5060:Archived
4975:10 April
4969:Archived
4890:Archived
4863:Archived
4832:Archived
4804:archived
4743:Archived
4704:Archived
4590:Archived
4539:Archived
4515:Archived
4491:17 April
4485:Archived
4452:Archived
4290:Archived
4202:30 March
4196:Archived
4170:Archived
4121:Archived
4086:Archived
4030:Archived
4004:Archived
3979:Archived
3955:18 April
3949:Archived
3923:Archived
3897:Archived
3871:Archived
3845:Archived
3815:Archived
3785:Archived
3726:27 March
3720:Archived
3700:18 April
3694:Archived
3668:Archived
3646:Archived
3613:Archived
3586:18 April
3577:Archived
3475:Malabars
3469:See also
3456:and the
3382:made of
3376:molasses
3341:cardamom
3307:Yemenese
3240:papadams
3222:puzhukku
3128:Typical
3035:Aranmula
2916:pulluvar
2869:Pothuval
2828:Jayadeva
2680:hinduism
2592:wedding.
2352:Tharavad
2347:Tharavad
2313:Malaysia
2207:Jnanpith
2141:Palakkad
2058:such as
1857:Malaysia
1838:European
1695:Virajpet
1663:Eranadan
1590:Malabari
1586:Malayali
1581:Malabari
1443:Malabars
1388:Malaysia
1352:Malaysia
1304:Palakkad
1211:) are a
1209:Keralite
1106:Politics
947:Charvaka
932:Buddhism
922:Hinduism
910:Religion
877:Language
781:Kakatiya
771:Chalukya
654:Language
604:(mainly
593:Minority
589:- 54.73%
587:Hinduism
578:Majority
572:Religion
407:Pakistan
249:300,000
231:369,000
227:Malaysia
58:മലയാളികൾ
7429:Wayanad
7384:Kovalam
7321:Tourism
7261:Sopanam
7246:Kolkali
7131:Theyyam
7106:Kolkali
7060:Cuisine
7038:Culture
7016:Tourism
6991:Pulayar
6976:Ezhavas
6962:Thiyyas
6921:Economy
6618:History
6225:"Music"
4896:12 June
4869:12 June
4521:12 June
4296:19 July
4062:22 July
3761:14 July
3674:17 July
3396:Chapati
3392:dessert
3372:coconut
3364:raisins
3349:Biryani
3332:Pathiri
3303:Persian
3295:Mappila
3227:Coconut
3180:theeyal
3150:payasam
3138:sadhyas
3114:Cuisine
3055:Haripad
2816:Sopanam
2777:mimicry
2688:Kolkali
2684:Theyyam
2676:Theyyam
2618:secular
2610:Theyyam
2602:thullal
2590:Nasrani
2570:posture
2505:called
2410:Varkala
2402:Ponnani
2396:around
2394:Muslims
2390:Thiyyar
2358:is the
2293:Ponnani
2263:of the
2190:lyrical
2145:Thullal
2127:), and
2056:Ballads
2020:Pazhama
2012:Wayanad
1945:English
1926:Mappila
1906:Ptolemy
1846:Chennai
1818:Bahrain
1722:Chennai
1707:Wayanad
1560:Persian
1548:Malabar
1536:Malanad
1532:Malabar
1528:Munibar
1524:Mulibar
1520:Manibar
1516:Malibar
1504:Malabar
1452:Malabar
1430:Malabar
1424:in the
1421:Malabar
1332:Bahrain
1330:(UAE),
1306:Rajas.
1270:of the
1206:demonym
1093:Koragas
1088:Soligas
1078:Paniyas
1073:Kurukhs
1068:Kodavas
1036:Tuluvas
1026:Telugus
1016:Kodavas
960:Regions
942:Ājīvika
937:Śramaṇa
927:Jainism
844:Culture
806:Aravidu
791:Sangama
786:Hoysala
776:Pallava
756:Pandyan
719:History
664:Country
533:Finland
515:Austria
425:Germany
371:Ireland
285:101,556
281:Bahrain
267:195,300
213:595,000
195:634,728
177:745,000
129:54,267
7458:Portal
7394:Munnar
7359:Kollam
7236:Chenda
7162:Pooram
6610:topics
6607:Kerala
6528:
6204:
6150:
6115:
6073:
6034:
5996:
5838:
5757:
5735:27 May
5680:27 May
5653:27 May
5624:27 May
5534:
5448:
5364:
5325:
5286:
5223:
5128:
5052:
5007:
4838:9 June
4810:9 June
4735:
4679:
4652:
4642:
4617:
4572:
4562:
4458:8 June
4424:
4404:
4282:
4225:
4127:25 May
4010:17 May
3458:Cholas
3454:Cheras
3442:kalari
3360:banana
3327:Irachi
3299:Kerala
3186:thoran
3174:kaalan
3168:aviyal
3162:sambar
3156:sadhya
3144:sadhya
3106:, and
3043:Arjuna
2997:, and
2932:Arabic
2899:&
2865:Maarar
2857:idakka
2852:shrine
2812:Kerala
2781:parody
2736:Oppana
2699:Kerala
2650:UNESCO
2408:, and
2400:, and
2398:Kannur
2364:Kerala
2321:Muslim
2309:Kerala
2249:, and
2229:, and
2117:Kannur
2088:, two
1929:Muslim
1891:Cholas
1842:London
1834:Kuwait
1778:Europe
1766:Canada
1760:, the
1746:Mumbai
1718:Malaya
1659:Yerava
1564:Arabic
1526:, and
1456:Kerala
1392:Tamils
1376:Canada
1366:(UK),
1358:, the
1348:Kuwait
1302:, and
1266:, and
1258:, the
1236:Kerala
1220:Kerala
1063:Khonds
1041:Irulas
1031:Tamils
989:People
801:Tuluva
796:Saluva
702:Origin
644:People
634:Person
548:
530:
512:
497:Poland
494:
476:
443:France
440:
429:25,000
422:
404:
386:
375:24,674
368:
357:26,000
350:
339:30,000
335:Canada
332:
321:45,264
314:
303:78,738
296:
278:
260:
242:
224:
206:
191:Kuwait
188:
170:
152:
118:Kerala
106:
7472:India
7344:Bekal
7228:Music
7152:Vishu
6953:Nairs
6651:Chera
6066:India
4775:(PDF)
4768:(PDF)
3877:5 May
3755:(PDF)
3748:(PDF)
3580:(PDF)
3573:(PDF)
3536:Notes
3368:sugar
3345:clove
3319:curry
3277:Appam
3262:puttu
3252:paani
3246:puttu
3234:Puttu
3216:puttu
3210:kappa
3204:appam
3100:Vishu
3063:Kochi
2850:of a
2820:Kalam
2808:prose
2598:attom
2414:Edava
2386:Nairs
2125:Tirur
1904:with
1826:Qatar
1726:Delhi
1566:word
1554:word
1490:word
1344:Qatar
1228:India
1083:Malar
1046:Nagas
816:Reddy
811:Nayak
751:Chera
746:Chola
602:Islam
551:Japan
519:3,785
501:7,122
483:4,000
465:5,000
447:5,000
411:6,000
393:6,700
173:Qatar
109:India
7157:Onam
7050:Arts
6526:ISBN
6418:2021
6384:2022
6358:2021
6316:2019
6285:2019
6237:2009
6202:ISBN
6166:2020
6148:ISBN
6113:ISBN
6089:2016
6071:ISBN
6050:2016
6032:ISBN
6012:2016
5994:ISBN
5973:2009
5940:2016
5891:2009
5854:2016
5836:ISBN
5815:2017
5787:2017
5755:ASIN
5737:2021
5682:2021
5655:2021
5626:2021
5580:2009
5548:2021
5532:ISSN
5499:2021
5462:2021
5446:ISSN
5413:2007
5380:2012
5362:ISBN
5341:2012
5323:ISBN
5302:2012
5284:ISBN
5263:2012
5239:2012
5221:ISBN
5200:2012
5172:2012
5144:2012
5126:ISBN
5105:2017
5068:2016
5050:ISBN
5005:ISBN
4977:2021
4898:2021
4871:2021
4840:2021
4812:2021
4783:2014
4751:2020
4733:ISBN
4712:2020
4677:ASIN
4650:OCLC
4640:ISBN
4615:ISBN
4570:OCLC
4560:ISBN
4523:2022
4493:2020
4460:2021
4422:ISBN
4402:ISBN
4298:2020
4280:ISBN
4223:ISBN
4204:2014
4129:2013
4094:2017
4064:2019
4038:2017
4012:2023
3987:2015
3957:2023
3931:2023
3905:2019
3879:2018
3853:2017
3823:2014
3793:2014
3763:2014
3728:2023
3702:2023
3676:2019
3621:2014
3588:2023
3390:, a
3384:eggs
3366:and
3343:and
3311:Arab
3309:and
3096:Onam
3082:Onam
3041:and
2867:and
2824:Kali
2779:and
2720:and
2695:Kavu
2632:and
2600:and
2472:The
2412:and
2392:and
2315:and
2275:and
2184:and
2176:and
2164:The
2139:, a
2082:and
2068:and
1941:Mahe
1836:and
1822:Oman
1810:Fiji
1800:and
1776:and
1752:and
1657:the
1588:and
1568:Barr
1556:Mala
1510:and
1492:Mala
1484:Male
1480:Male
1468:Male
1464:Arab
1436:and
1416:alam
1412:mala
1374:and
1346:and
1340:Oman
1238:and
1187:The
263:Oman
5610:hdl
5522:doi
5483:hdl
5436:doi
3432:or
3293:or
3009:in
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