590:
130:
211:
1467:
44:
550:
775:
Israel, who worked as a printer and assisted his father with matters in
England. He died in 1657. Menasseh's youngest son, Joseph, died at age 20, in 1650, on a disastrous business trip to Poland. Menasseh also had a daughter, Gracia, born 1628, who married Samuel Abarbanel Barboza in 1646, and died in 1690.
403:
Hence it may be seen that God hath not left us; for if one persecutes us, another receives us civilly and courteously; and if this prince treats us ill, another treats us well; if one banisheth us out of his country, another invites us with a thousand privileges; as divers princes of Italy have done,
774:
family. Menasseh had three children by her. According to family legend, the
Abarbanels were descendants of King David, and he was proud of his children's Davidic ancestry. Both of Menasseh's sons predeceased their father. Menasseh's eldest son was Samuel Abarbanel Soeiro, also known as Samuel Ben
493:
Menasseh ben Israel stayed in
England for close to two years after the Whitehall Conference. During this time he tried to obtain written permission for the resettlement of the Jews in England. Although he failed in this endeavour, during his stay he met with a large number of influential figures of
411:
was sympathetic to the Jewish cause, partly because of his tolerant leanings but chiefly because he foresaw the importance for
English commerce of the participation of the Jewish merchant princes, some of whom had already made their way to London. At this juncture, the English gave Jews full rights
369:
enquiring about
Montezinos' claims. In addition to reporting Montezinos' accounts of Jews in the Americas, the book also expressed the hope that the Jews would return to England as a way of hastening the coming of the messiah. Menasseh also stresses his kinship with parliament, and explains himself
398:
and Moses Wall, an MP and a scholar respectively, on ben Israel's millennial claims and the manner in which the Jews would be converted. Wall and
Spencer's letters were printed in later additions of the book. Despite their historic misfortunes and movements, Menasseh characterizes the condition of
339:
hopes, as the settlement of Jews throughout the world was supposed to be a sign that the
Messiah would come. Filled with this idea, he turned his attention to England, whence the Jews had been expelled since 1290. He worked to get them permission to settle there again and thus hasten the Messiah's
468:
Some of the most notable statesmen, lawyers, and theologians of the day were summoned to this conference to discuss whether the Jews should be readmitted to
England. The chief practical result was the declaration of judges Glynne and Steele that "there was no law which forbade the Jews' return to
381:
and his envoys on his mission to secure an Anglo-Dutch coalition (which would have given Dutch citizens, and thus Jews, privileges to stay and work in
England). The English were impressed by learning and manner, and advised him to formally apply for Jewish readmission to England. In 1652
473:, and not by formal parliamentary action; Jews remaining in England lived, however, under constant threat of expulsion). Though nothing was done to regularize the position of the Jews, the door was opened to their gradual return. On 14 December 1655,
759:
Orden de las oraciones del mes, con lo mes necessario y obligatorio de las tres fiestas del año. Como tambien lo que toca a los ayunos, Hanucah, y Purim: con sus advertencias y notas para mas facilidad, y clareza. Industria y despeza de
Menasseh ben
743:
Vindiciae Judaeorum, Or, A Letter in Answer to Certain Questions Propounded by a Noble and Learned Gentleman: Touching the Reproaches Cast on the Nation of the Jews ; Wherein All Objections are Candidly, and Yet Fully
1014:. The Hebrew part of this full Latin name is taken from Jeremiah 14:8, as Menasseh explains in the introduction to the Spanish version. The English version was first published by Moses Wall in London only in 1652.
428:
beliefs. Henry Méchoulan, on the other hand, in his later in-depth detailed analysis of the book has striven to show that the Jewish messianic theme in it is also rather fundamental to its initial conception.
416:, which they had controlled since 1650. There is some debate among historians concerning whether Menasseh's motives for pursuing the readmission of the Jews by England were primarily political or religious.
635:
but frequently quotes from the early Christian authorities as well as Greek and Latin authors of antiquity. Written in Spanish, in Amsterdam, 1632, it was aimed primarily to strengthen the faith of the
626:
was, as above, a work written to reconcile the apparent contradictions in numerous passages throughout the Bible. To achieve this aim, Ben Israel "utilized an astounding range of sources"; primarily the
1425:
History of Jewish Literature: Volume 2 - Page 697 2003 reprint "Resurrectione Mortuorum (Concerning the Resurrection of the Dead), written originally in Spanish but later translated into Latin (1636)
967:
The Conciliator of R. Manasseh Ben Israel: A Reconcilement of the Apparent Contradictions in Holy Scripture: To Which Are Added Explanatory Notes, and Biographical Notices of the Quoted Authorities
394:; his account of descendants of the Lost Tribes being found in the New World deeply impressed public opinion and stirred up many polemics in English literature. This included a debate between
433:, in his 2018 book, which is actually the last word on Menasseh's biography to be published to date, has seemingly also closed the debate on this issue of Menasseh's own messianic beliefs:
875:(1642). Whether a portrait etching by Rembrandt of 1636 (Bartsch 269) represents Manasseh is doubtful, and painted portraits of Manasseh by Rembrandt or by Ferdinand Bol are not known.
1922:
878:
The whole story of the wrong identification of the subject of the etching is now summarized in Nadler, 2018, pp. 223-224. Here is Nadler's verdict on this alleged identification:
404:
the most eminent King of Denmark, and the mighty Duke of Savoy in Nissa. And do we not see that those Republiques do flourish and much increase in trade who admit the Israelites?
1751:, Frankfurt a.M. (Suhrkamp) 2001. Novel on Menasseh ben Israel translated into Spanish, Russian, Portuguese, French, Dutch, Norwegian, Czech, Hungarian, Bulgarian and Greek.
1827:
Book I 1636 - written originally in Spanish but later translated into Latin, 1636. First English Translation, by Walter Hilliger, ISBN 1735673765, and in modern Spanish,
678:
Book I 1636 - written originally in Spanish but later translated into Latin, 1636 First English Translation, by Walter Hilliger, ISBN 1735673765, and in modern Spanish,
351:
support, but it was often mooted under the growing desire for religious liberty. In addition, Messianic and other mystic hopes were then current in England. His book,
986:
For the economic ties binding Manasseh Ben Israel's intellectual activities to the mercantile activities of the brothers Pereyra throughout the entire period, see
420:, for example, has argued that the idea of England being a final place for Jews to inhabit in order to bring about the coming of the Messiah was hardly present in
2028:
265:
Menasseh rose to eminence not only as a rabbi and an author, but also as a printer. He established the first Hebrew press in Holland. One of his earliest works,
301:, but did not move there. One of the reasons his financial situation improved in Amsterdam was the arrival of two Portuguese Jewish entrepreneurs, the brothers
1916:
1482:
386:
was translated from Latin into English by John Dury or one of his associates, and it was published in London by Moses Wall, prefixed with a dedication to the
2003:
1765:
1491:
1010:
Those were the two initial main languages used by Menasseh when addressing the general Christian public in Europe. The full title of the Latin edition was
2033:
1123:
Manasseh ben Israel, 'The Hope of Israel' (London 1652), printed in Lucien Wolf (ed.), Manasseh ben Israel's Mission to Oliver Cromwell (London 1901),
2018:
1275:
441:
Jewish expositor of a common Messianic vision, wherein the worldly empires will be swept away by a "Fifth Kingdom" ruled by a savior sent by God.
1983:
1888:
864:
published a massive biography of Menasseh ben Israel (Roth, 1934), where this etching is also printed. However, in his 1970 entry on MbI for the
1411:
Kitto - The first volume was translated into Latin by Vossius, Amst. 1633, and the whole has been translated in English by Lindo, London 1842.
1721:
1696:
1590:
1198:
751:
578:
1973:
816:. Wall both supported the book's millennial themes and believed in God's special favour for the Jews, which he based on the writings of
445:
In November 1655, Menasseh arrived in London. During his absence from the Netherlands, the Amsterdam rabbis excommunicated his student,
395:
1953:
511:
328:
2013:
1667:
1629:
1610:
1568:
1548:
1395:
1262:
1242:
1068:
1045:
297:, as he still found it difficult to provide for his wife and family in Amsterdam. He may have visited the Dutch colony's capital of
1555:(Includes reprint of the 1652 ed. of The hope of Israel, printed by R. I. and L. Chapman, London; and bibliographical references.)
644:
and published by Duncan and Malcolm, in 1842, and again in 1972, with footnotes and introductory material by Sepher-Hermon Press.
242:(1568–1648). Amsterdam was an important center of Jewish life in Europe at this time. The family's arrival in 1610 was during the
632:
424:(1652), but rather was developed by Menasseh later (1656-57 when he was in London) in order to appeal to English Christians with
1958:
1255:
History of the Jews: From the Chmielnicki Persecution of the Jews in Poland (1648 C. E.) to the Period of Emancipation in Cent
1988:
1963:
1880:
1832:
1648:
974:
683:
269:, published in 1632, won immediate reputation; it was an attempt to reconcile apparent discrepancies in various parts of the
1038:
The Restoration of the Jews: Early Modern Hermeneutics, Eschatology, and National Identity in the Works of Thomas Brightman
781:, the American sculptor, in his autobiography claimed to be a descendant of Menasseh Ben Israel. His claim is unconfirmed.
2023:
1141:
Schorsch, Ismar (1978). "From Messianism to Realpolitik: Menasseh Ben Israel and the Readmission of the Jews to England".
238:
in 1610. The Netherlands was in the middle of a process of religious revolt against Catholic Spanish rule throughout the
2008:
1978:
589:
1993:
1998:
904:, where the marriage certificate of Menasseh ben Israel of 15 August 1623 is deposited (D. T. en B. 669, t° 95 vo).
391:
374:
1818:
1762:
1449:
655:
608:, published by his son Samuel six years before they both died. Some scholars think that he studied kabbalah with
1968:
609:
413:
259:
868:(see Roth, 2007, below; Roth was editor in chief of the first edition of that encyclopedia in 1970) he wrote:
1897:
1775:
901:
344:
1379:
The conciliator of R. Manasseh ben Israel: a reconcilement of the apparent contradictions in Holy Scripture
1907:
479:
302:
243:
231:
1874:
1124:
893:
727:
564:
In February 1657 Cromwell granted ben Israel a state pension of £100, but he died before enjoying it, at
486:
353:
1948:
1687:
920:
313:
1759:
Versopolis: The European Review of Poetry, Books and Culture is a pan-European online literary magazine
484:"Now were the Jews admitted." When Prynne and others attacked the Jews, Menasseh wrote his major work,
641:
1943:
1938:
462:
239:
108:
1863:
881:
The scholarly consensus now , however, is that this is not a portrait of Menasseh ben Israel at all.
129:
915:
790:
778:
672:, New York, 2023, Shehakol, ISBN 173567379X ; ISBN 9781735673790 and in French ISBN 2494509025
565:
470:
187:
93:
1158:
1106:
290:
1514:
Menasse ben Israel. Sein Leben und Wirken. Zugleich ein Beitrag zur Gesch. der Juden in England
1828:
1717:
1692:
1678:
1663:
1644:
1625:
1606:
1586:
1564:
1544:
1362:
At least some parts of that work were translated into English by Dr. Raphael Polyakov and are
1258:
1238:
1228:
1194:
1064:
1058:
1041:
1037:
970:
679:
317:
286:
75:
1254:
1702:
1150:
1098:
1089:
Wilensky, M. (1951). "The Royalist Position concerning the Readmission of Jews to England".
817:
282:
274:
1541:
Indians or Jews? An introduction to a reprint of Manasseh ben Israel's 'The Hope of Israel'
948:
941:
1846:
1785:
1769:
1732:
When England Expelled the Jews and the Rabbi Who was instrumental in getting them re-entry
1578:
1478:
1399:
771:
665:
499:
408:
387:
332:
151:
43:
1392:
1213:
640:
in the veracity of the Tanach according to Jewish interpretation. It was translated by
1902:
1754:
1744:
944:
720:
719:, who is also thought by some to have painted his portrait. These are preserved in the
531:
523:
519:
495:
454:
446:
425:
417:
378:
191:
146:
97:
1836:
1436:
1341:
1319:
1297:
992:. Philadelphia: The Jewish Publication Society of America. pp. 62–63 and 316–317.
969:. Translated by Elias Hiam Lindo. London, 1842. Reprinted by, e.g., Nabu Press, 2010.
687:
226:
in 1604, with the name Manoel Dias Soeiro, a year after his parents had left mainland
1932:
1919:
Rare Books of the Shimeon Brisman Collection in Jewish Studies, Washington University
1486:
1473:
832:
430:
324:
1894:
entry on "Manasseh (Menasseh) Ben Israel" by Cecil Roth and A.K. Offenberg (2nd ed.)
1603:
Menasseh Ben Israel: The Hope of Israel. The English translation by Moses Wall, 1652
998:
Menasseh Ben Israel: The Hope of Israel. The English translation by Moses Wall, 1652
939:
937:
1731:
1682:
1420:
872:
613:
538:
503:
327:
who had been in the New World. Montezinos convinced him of his conclusion that the
278:
270:
210:
49:
17:
1377:
950:
1079:
Lucien Wolf (ed.), Manasseh ben Israel's Mission to Oliver Cromwell (London 1901)
1873:
813:
732:
617:
534:
527:
507:
474:
235:
223:
71:
1691:. Vol. 13 (2nd ed.). Detroit: Macmillan Reference. pp. 454–455.
1763:
http://www.versopolis.com/long-read/587/enlightenment-as-a-harmonious-strategy
1363:
861:
836:
1622:
Jewish-Christian Relations in the Seventeenth Century: Studies and Documents
1233:
pps. 117-119 in eds. Kaplan, Yosef; Popkin, Richard Henry; Mechoulan, Henry
716:
554:
515:
366:
255:
215:
199:
1677:
Roth, Cecil; Offenberg, A. K. (2007). "Manasseh (Menasseh) ben Israel". In
309:
in Spanish-Portuguese parlance of the time) they had founded in the city.
637:
227:
183:
1495:. Vol. 18 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 112.
894:« Lettres de Menasseh ben Israël à Isaac Vossius (1651-1655) »
1849:
translated by Yannik Pisanne and Walter Hilliger. Menasseh Ben Israel,
1162:
1110:
812:
was translated into English by Moses Wall, a millenarian and friend of
668:
translated by Yannik Pisanne and Walter Hilliger. Menasseh Ben Israel,
549:
348:
336:
321:
251:
1898:
Digital collection of books and letters related to Menasseh Ben Israel
1230:
Menasseh Ben Israel's Christian Connection: Henry Jessey and the Jews
933:
628:
605:
570:
558:
298:
294:
247:
1853:, Shehakol, New York, 2023 ISBN 173567379X ; ISBN 9781735673790
1561:
Philo-Semitism and the Readmission of the Jews to England, 1603–1655
1154:
1102:
574:
5418). He was conveying the body of his son Samuel home for burial.
305:. They hired Rabbi Manasseh to direct a small college or academy (a
1639:
Kaplan, Yosef; Méchoulan, Henry; Popkin, Richard H., eds. (1989).
1472:
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the
1382:. Conciliador.English. Duncan and Malcolm – via Hathi Trust.
548:
365:) in 1650. The book was written in response to a 1648 letter from
347:, the question of the readmission of the Jews had found increased
209:
179:
1843:
Thirty Problems Concerning Creation, De Creatione Problemata XXX,
600:
Menasseh ben Israel was the author of many works. His major work
1923:
Rabbi Menashe Ben Israel: The Chacham Who Opened England to Jews
1845:
written in Latin,1635, First English Translation, introduced by
664:
written in Latin ,1635, first English translation introduced by
1620:
van den Berg, Johann; van der Wall, Ernestine, eds. (1988).
335:. This purported discovery gave a new impulse to Menasseh's
1532:
A Life of Manasseh Ben Israel, Rabbi, Printer, and Diplomat
990:
A Life of Manasseh Ben Israel, Rabbi, Printer, and Diplomat
370:
as driven by amity for England rather than financial gain.
1534:. Philadelphia: The Jewish Publication Society of America.
1298:"Begraafplaats Ouderkerk a/d Amstel - Menasseh Ben Israel"
27:
Rabbi, kabbalist, writer, diplomat, printer and publisher
1825:
On Resurrection of the Dead, De Resurrectione Mortuorum,
1376:
Manasseh ben Israel; Lindo, Elias Hiam (14 March 2018).
616:. This would explain his familiarity with the method of
1143:
Proceedings of the American Academy for Jewish Research
1000:. New York: Oxford University Press. p. 40 and 70.
469:
England" (as they had been expelled by royal decree of
150:); (1604 – 20 November 1657), better known by his
1060:
Farewell Espana: The World of the Sephardim Remembered
1757:, "Enlightenment as a Harmonious Strategy", publ. by
522:, as well as more marginal prophetic figures such as
218:
probably depicting Samuel Menasseh ben Israel, a son
377:as her agent of Hebrew books. The same year he met
122:
114:
104:
82:
57:
34:
1817:written in Latin 1639, translated into English by
715:- with four engraved etchings by his acquaintance
654:written in Latin 1639, translated into English by
770:Menasseh's wife, Rachel, was a descendant of the
604:is a treatise in Hebrew on the Jewish concept of
581:. and remains intact (headstone and gravestone).
1523:Menasseh ben Israel's Mission to Oliver Cromwell
839:, with who I had been long acquainted in France.
737:Manasseh ben Israel's Mission to Oliver Cromwell
1342:"(no title: gravestone of Manasseh ben Israel)"
1193:. New Haven: Yale University Press. p. 3.
829:John Evelyn's diary entry for 14 December 1655.
435:
401:
1601:Méchoulan, Henry; Nahon, Gérard, eds. (1987).
1320:"(no title: headstone of Manasseh ben Israel)"
996:Méchoulan, Henry; Nahon, Gérard, eds. (1987).
1869:entry on Menasseh Ben Israel by Joseph Jacobs
1660:The Jews in the History of England, 1485–1850
1276:"Palache, Samuel (archive card number 15226)"
568:in the Netherlands in the winter of 1657 (14
357:, was first published in Amsterdam in Latin (
190:, publisher, and founder of the first Hebrew
8:
1218:ed. Bray, William. (1901). Archive.org p.307
1911:(Vilnius, 1836 in the original Hebrew text)
1032:
1030:
1028:
1798:De Creatione Problemata XXX Amsterdam,1635
900:, n. 49-97, 1904, p. 98. He relies on the
42:
31:
1624:. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers.
1393:Sepher-Hermon Press - Product Description
1597:Reprint of 1st edition, Doubleday (2008)
588:
494:the age, including Cambridge theologian
1714:Menasseh ben Israel, Rabbi of Amsterdam
1525:. London: MacMillan & Co., Limited.
1191:Menasseh ben Israel, Rabbi of Amsterdam
854:
802:
530:. Ben Israel's stay was managed by the
1903:Short biography of Menasseh Ben Israel
1739:Novels and other Philosophical essays:
1543:. Gilroy, California: Roy V. Boswell.
451:Humble Addresses to the Lord Protector
170:, also known with the Hebrew acronym,
2029:People associated with Baruch Spinoza
1835:, both digital versions available on
1815:Of the Term of Life, De Termino Vitae
1605:. New York: Oxford University Press.
919:′s biography of Menasseh ben Israel (
752:Biblioteca Nacional do Rio de Janeiro
686:, both digital versions available on
145:
7:
1716:. New Haven: Yale University Press.
1012:Mikveh Israel, hoc est Spes Israelis
579:Beth Haim of Ouderkerk aan de Amstel
449:. In London, Menasseh published his
2004:People of the Interregnum (England)
1851:Thirty Problems Concerning Creation
1794:Thirty Problems Concerning Creation
1662:. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
1563:. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
670:Thirty Problems Concerning Creation
293:. In 1638, he decided to settle in
25:
2034:17th-century Dutch businesspeople
1641:Menasseh Ben Israel and His World
1364:available at http://raphael.eu.pn
1235:Menasseh Ben Israel and His World
453:, but its effect was weakened by
147:[maːˈnulˈdijɑ(s)ˈsʋeːroː]
2019:Immigrants to the Dutch Republic
1917:Manasseh ben Israel as a printer
1465:
1454:A History of the Jews in England
965:. Amsterdam, 1632. Reprinted in
963:El Conciliador (The Conciliator)
750:Other works can be found in the
273:. Among his correspondents were
258:. In Amsterdam he studied under
128:
1583:Jewish Pirates of the Caribbean
168:Menasheh ben Yossef ben Yisrael
1984:Jewish printing and publishing
1881:New International Encyclopedia
1730:Levine, Rabbi Menachem (2022)
1703:Gale Virtual Reference Library
1585:. Anchor Books, Random House.
465:in December of the same year.
1:
1749:Die Vertreibung aus der Hölle
871:His portrait was engraved by
739:(London 1901), p. 50-51.
399:Jewry at the time by saying:
1761:, Ljubljana, 23 March 2018.
913:Bethencourt is cited in the
835:, the famous philosopher of
662:De Creatione Problemata XXX,
437:They especially valued as
373:In 1651 he offered to serve
331:were the descendants of the
329:South America Andes' Indians
1875:"Manasseh Ben-Israel"
1091:The Jewish Quarterly Review
841:Now were the Jews admitted.
676:De Resurrectione Mortuorum,
633:classic Jewish commentaries
2050:
1974:17th-century Sephardi Jews
1809:Translations into English:
1512:Kayserling, Meyer (1861).
1057:Sachar, Howard M. (1994).
731:(London 1652). Printed in
594:De Resurrectione Mortuorum
375:Christina, Queen of Sweden
234:. The family moved to the
1954:17th-century Dutch rabbis
1913:online at Hebrewbooks.org
1782:, 2013 ("Heretics", 2017)
1772:(retrieved 31 March 2018)
1450:Albert Montefiore Hyamson
1253:Graetz, Heinrich (2009).
696:(On Human Frailty) (1642)
647:His other works include:
333:lost ten tribes of Israel
303:Abraham and Isaac Pereyra
159:
127:
41:
2014:Dutch Golden Age writers
1925:by Rabbi Menachem Levine
1796:by Menasseh ben Israel (
1215:The diary of John Evelyn
1127:.Noted in Paul Johnson,
1063:p.313. Knopf Doubleday.
892:Cardozo de Bethencourt,
610:Abraham Cohen de Herrera
461:. Cromwell summoned the
260:Moses Raphael de Aguilar
178:, was a Jewish scholar,
1776:Leonardo Padura Fuentes
1712:Nadler, Steven (2018).
1658:Katz, David S. (1994).
1643:. Leiden: E. J. Brill.
1559:Katz, David S. (1982).
1492:Encyclopædia Britannica
1227:Katz, David S. (1989).
1189:Nadler, Steven (2018).
902:Amsterdam City Archives
898:Revue des études juives
754:, Brazil, for example:
694:De la Fragilidad Humana
1959:Jewish English history
1790:On Creation Ex Nihilo,
1036:Crome, Andrew (2014).
606:reincarnation of souls
597:
596:by Menassah Ben Israel
561:
443:
406:
343:With the start of the
312:In 1644, Menasseh met
219:
214:A portrait etching by
196:Emeth Meerets Titsma`h
1989:Rabbis from Amsterdam
1964:17th-century printers
1890:Encyclopaedia Judaica
1688:Encyclopaedia Judaica
1539:Glaser, Lynn (1973).
1521:Wolf, Lucien (1901).
1516:. Leipzig: O. Leiner.
1175:Méchoulan and Nahon,
1129:A History of the Jews
1018:Méchoulan and Nahon,
961:Menasseh Ben Israel.
592:
552:
490:(1656), in response.
314:Antonio de Montezinos
222:Menasseh was born in
213:
48:Engraved portrait by
2024:Portuguese emigrants
1804:NY (2023) pp. 18-40.
1768:1 April 2018 at the
1530:Roth, Cecil (1934).
1506:Historical Research:
1398:14 July 2014 at the
988:Roth, Cecil (1934).
866:Encyclopedia Judaica
705:a ritual compendium
577:His grave is in the
553:Menasseh's grave in
463:Whitehall Conference
186:, writer, diplomat,
143:Dutch pronunciation:
109:Ouderkerk a/d Amstel
2009:People from Madeira
1979:Dutch Sephardi Jews
1865:Jewish Encyclopedia
1483:Menasseh ben Israel
1437:"Rembrandt Revised"
932:Other sources give
916:Jewish Encyclopedia
779:Moses Jacob Ezekiel
707:Thesouros dos dinim
487:Vindiciae judaeorum
363:Esperança de Israel
244:Twelve Years' Truce
156:Menasseh ben Israel
36:Menasseh Ben Israel
18:Manasseh ben Israel
1994:Bible commentators
1909:The Hope of Israel
1679:Berenbaum, Michael
952:) as a birthplace.
728:The Hope of Israel
598:
562:
537:Baptist clergyman
457:'s publication of
422:The Hope of Israel
384:The Hope of Israel
361:) and in Spanish (
354:The Hope of Israel
291:Pierre Daniel Huet
220:
164:Menashe ben Israel
139:Manoel Dias Soeiro
1999:Jewish apologists
1723:978-0-300-22410-8
1698:978-0-02-866097-4
1592:978-0-7679-1952-4
1439:. 6 January 2007.
1200:978-0-300-22410-8
746:. Amsterdam 1656.
412:in the colony of
240:Eighty Years' War
136:
135:
90:(aged 52–53)
76:Kingdom of France
16:(Redirected from
2041:
1885:
1877:
1727:
1706:
1673:
1654:
1635:
1616:
1596:
1579:Kritzler, Edward
1574:
1554:
1535:
1526:
1517:
1496:
1479:Abrahams, Israel
1471:
1469:
1468:
1457:
1447:
1441:
1440:
1433:
1427:
1418:
1412:
1409:
1403:
1390:
1384:
1383:
1373:
1367:
1360:
1354:
1353:
1351:
1349:
1338:
1332:
1331:
1329:
1327:
1316:
1310:
1309:
1307:
1305:
1294:
1288:
1287:
1285:
1283:
1272:
1266:
1251:
1245:
1225:
1219:
1211:
1205:
1204:
1186:
1180:
1173:
1167:
1166:
1138:
1132:
1121:
1115:
1114:
1086:
1080:
1077:
1071:
1055:
1049:
1034:
1023:
1008:
1002:
1001:
993:
984:
978:
959:
953:
930:
924:
911:
905:
890:
884:
859:
842:
827:
821:
818:Thomas Brightman
807:
791:Isaac La Peyrère
652:De Termino Vitae
642:Elias Haim Lindo
612:, a disciple of
545:Death and burial
506:and his sister,
392:Council of State
283:Petrus Serrarius
275:Gerardus Vossius
166:, also known as
161:
149:
144:
132:
89:
86:20 November 1657
68:
66:
46:
32:
21:
2049:
2048:
2044:
2043:
2042:
2040:
2039:
2038:
1969:Sephardi rabbis
1929:
1928:
1872:
1860:
1847:Seymour Feldman
1786:Seymour Feldman
1770:Wayback Machine
1724:
1711:
1699:
1676:
1670:
1657:
1651:
1638:
1632:
1619:
1613:
1600:
1593:
1577:
1571:
1558:
1551:
1538:
1529:
1520:
1511:
1503:
1501:Further reading
1477:
1466:
1464:
1461:
1460:
1448:
1444:
1435:
1434:
1430:
1419:
1415:
1410:
1406:
1400:Wayback Machine
1391:
1387:
1375:
1374:
1370:
1361:
1357:
1347:
1345:
1340:
1339:
1335:
1325:
1323:
1318:
1317:
1313:
1303:
1301:
1296:
1295:
1291:
1281:
1279:
1274:
1273:
1269:
1252:
1248:
1226:
1222:
1212:
1208:
1201:
1188:
1187:
1183:
1174:
1170:
1155:10.2307/3622313
1140:
1139:
1135:
1122:
1118:
1103:10.2307/1453207
1088:
1087:
1083:
1078:
1074:
1056:
1052:
1035:
1026:
1009:
1005:
995:
987:
985:
981:
960:
956:
931:
927:
912:
908:
891:
887:
860:
856:
851:
846:
845:
840:
830:
828:
824:
808:
804:
799:
787:
768:
713:Piedra gloriosa
666:Seymour Feldman
624:The Conciliator
587:
547:
500:Henry Oldenburg
477:entered in his
409:Oliver Cromwell
230:because of the
208:
142:
100:
91:
87:
78:
69:
64:
62:
53:
37:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2047:
2045:
2037:
2036:
2031:
2026:
2021:
2016:
2011:
2006:
2001:
1996:
1991:
1986:
1981:
1976:
1971:
1966:
1961:
1956:
1951:
1946:
1941:
1931:
1930:
1927:
1926:
1920:
1914:
1905:
1900:
1895:
1886:
1870:
1859:
1858:External links
1856:
1855:
1854:
1840:
1822:
1821:(London, 1709)
1806:
1805:
1783:
1773:
1755:Robert Menasse
1752:
1745:Robert Menasse
1736:
1735:
1728:
1722:
1708:
1707:
1697:
1674:
1668:
1655:
1649:
1636:
1630:
1617:
1611:
1598:
1591:
1575:
1569:
1556:
1549:
1536:
1527:
1518:
1502:
1499:
1498:
1497:
1487:Chisholm, Hugh
1459:
1458:
1456:(1908), p. 182
1442:
1428:
1413:
1404:
1385:
1368:
1355:
1333:
1311:
1289:
1267:
1246:
1220:
1206:
1199:
1181:
1168:
1133:
1116:
1097:(4): 397–409.
1093:. New Series.
1081:
1072:
1050:
1024:
1003:
979:
954:
945:Madeira Island
925:
906:
885:
883:
882:
877:
876:
853:
852:
850:
847:
844:
843:
831:I visited Mr.
822:
810:Hope of Israel
801:
800:
798:
795:
794:
793:
786:
783:
767:
764:
763:
762:
748:
747:
740:
724:
721:British Museum
710:
703:
700:Nishmat Hayyim
697:
691:
673:
659:
658:(London, 1709)
586:
583:
546:
543:
524:Ambrose Barnes
520:Samuel Hartlib
496:Ralph Cudworth
459:Short Demurrer
455:William Prynne
447:Baruch Spinoza
440:
418:Ismar Schorsch
396:Edward Spencer
379:Oliver St John
287:António Vieira
267:El Conciliador
207:
204:
192:printing press
134:
133:
125:
124:
120:
119:
116:
112:
111:
106:
102:
101:
98:Dutch Republic
92:
84:
80:
79:
70:
59:
55:
54:
47:
39:
38:
35:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2046:
2035:
2032:
2030:
2027:
2025:
2022:
2020:
2017:
2015:
2012:
2010:
2007:
2005:
2002:
2000:
1997:
1995:
1992:
1990:
1987:
1985:
1982:
1980:
1977:
1975:
1972:
1970:
1967:
1965:
1962:
1960:
1957:
1955:
1952:
1950:
1947:
1945:
1942:
1940:
1937:
1936:
1934:
1924:
1921:
1918:
1915:
1912:
1910:
1906:
1904:
1901:
1899:
1896:
1893:
1891:
1887:
1883:
1882:
1876:
1871:
1868:
1866:
1862:
1861:
1857:
1852:
1848:
1844:
1841:
1838:
1834:
1830:
1826:
1823:
1820:
1819:Thomas Pocock
1816:
1813:
1812:
1811:
1810:
1803:
1799:
1795:
1792:published in
1791:
1787:
1784:
1781:
1777:
1774:
1771:
1767:
1764:
1760:
1756:
1753:
1750:
1746:
1743:
1742:
1741:
1740:
1733:
1729:
1725:
1719:
1715:
1710:
1709:
1704:
1700:
1694:
1690:
1689:
1684:
1683:Skolnik, Fred
1680:
1675:
1671:
1669:0-19-822912-7
1665:
1661:
1656:
1652:
1646:
1642:
1637:
1633:
1631:90-247-3617-X
1627:
1623:
1618:
1614:
1612:0-19-710054-6
1608:
1604:
1599:
1594:
1588:
1584:
1580:
1576:
1572:
1570:0-19-821885-0
1566:
1562:
1557:
1552:
1550:0-913278-04-1
1546:
1542:
1537:
1533:
1528:
1524:
1519:
1515:
1510:
1509:
1508:
1507:
1500:
1494:
1493:
1488:
1484:
1480:
1475:
1474:public domain
1463:
1462:
1455:
1451:
1446:
1443:
1438:
1432:
1429:
1426:
1422:
1417:
1414:
1408:
1405:
1401:
1397:
1394:
1389:
1386:
1381:
1380:
1372:
1369:
1365:
1359:
1356:
1344:. Dutch Jewry
1343:
1337:
1334:
1322:. Dutch Jewry
1321:
1315:
1312:
1300:. Dutch Jewry
1299:
1293:
1290:
1278:. Dutch Jewry
1277:
1271:
1268:
1264:
1263:9781605209494
1260:
1256:
1250:
1247:
1244:
1243:9789004091146
1240:
1236:
1232:
1231:
1224:
1221:
1217:
1216:
1210:
1207:
1202:
1196:
1192:
1185:
1182:
1178:
1172:
1169:
1164:
1160:
1156:
1152:
1148:
1144:
1137:
1134:
1130:
1126:
1120:
1117:
1112:
1108:
1104:
1100:
1096:
1092:
1085:
1082:
1076:
1073:
1070:
1069:9780804150538
1066:
1062:
1061:
1054:
1051:
1047:
1046:9783319047614
1043:
1039:
1033:
1031:
1029:
1025:
1021:
1017:
1013:
1007:
1004:
999:
991:
983:
980:
976:
972:
968:
964:
958:
955:
951:
949:
946:
942:
940:
938:
935:
929:
926:
922:
918:
917:
910:
907:
903:
899:
895:
889:
886:
880:
879:
874:
870:
869:
867:
863:
858:
855:
848:
838:
834:
826:
823:
819:
815:
811:
806:
803:
796:
792:
789:
788:
784:
782:
780:
776:
773:
765:
761:
757:
756:
755:
753:
745:
741:
738:
734:
730:
729:
725:
722:
718:
714:
711:
708:
704:
701:
698:
695:
692:
689:
685:
681:
677:
674:
671:
667:
663:
660:
657:
656:Thomas Pocock
653:
650:
649:
648:
645:
643:
639:
634:
630:
625:
621:
619:
615:
611:
607:
603:
602:Nishmat Hayim
595:
591:
584:
582:
580:
575:
573:
572:
567:
560:
556:
551:
544:
542:
540:
536:
533:
529:
525:
521:
517:
513:
509:
505:
501:
497:
491:
489:
488:
483:
481:
476:
472:
471:King Edward I
466:
464:
460:
456:
452:
448:
442:
438:
434:
432:
431:Steven Nadler
427:
423:
419:
415:
410:
405:
400:
397:
393:
389:
385:
380:
376:
371:
368:
364:
360:
359:Spes Israelis
356:
355:
350:
346:
341:
338:
334:
330:
326:
325:Sephardic Jew
323:
320:traveler and
319:
315:
310:
308:
304:
300:
296:
292:
288:
284:
280:
276:
272:
268:
263:
261:
257:
253:
249:
245:
241:
237:
233:
229:
225:
217:
212:
205:
203:
201:
197:
193:
189:
185:
181:
177:
173:
169:
165:
160:מנשה בן ישראל
157:
153:
148:
140:
131:
126:
121:
117:
113:
110:
107:
105:Resting place
103:
99:
95:
85:
81:
77:
73:
60:
56:
51:
45:
40:
33:
30:
19:
1949:Chief rabbis
1908:
1889:
1879:
1864:
1850:
1842:
1824:
1814:
1808:
1807:
1801:
1797:
1793:
1789:
1779:
1758:
1748:
1738:
1737:
1713:
1701:– via
1686:
1659:
1640:
1621:
1602:
1582:
1560:
1540:
1531:
1522:
1513:
1505:
1504:
1490:
1453:
1445:
1431:
1424:
1421:Meyer Waxman
1416:
1407:
1388:
1378:
1371:
1358:
1346:. Retrieved
1336:
1324:. Retrieved
1314:
1302:. Retrieved
1292:
1280:. Retrieved
1270:
1249:
1234:
1229:
1223:
1214:
1209:
1190:
1184:
1179:, pp. 76-81.
1176:
1171:
1146:
1142:
1136:
1128:
1119:
1094:
1090:
1084:
1075:
1059:
1053:
1040:. Springer.
1022:, pp. 60-62.
1019:
1015:
1011:
1006:
997:
989:
982:
966:
962:
957:
928:
914:
909:
897:
888:
873:Salom Italia
865:
857:
825:
809:
805:
777:
769:
758:
749:
742:
736:
726:
712:
706:
699:
693:
675:
669:
661:
651:
646:
623:
622:
614:Israel Saruk
601:
599:
593:
576:
569:
563:
539:Henry Jessey
504:Robert Boyle
492:
485:
478:
467:
458:
450:
444:
436:
421:
407:
402:
383:
372:
362:
358:
352:
345:Commonwealth
342:
311:
306:
279:Hugo Grotius
271:Hebrew Bible
266:
264:
246:mediated by
221:
195:
175:
171:
167:
163:
162:) or
155:
138:
137:
88:(1657-11-20)
50:Salom Italia
29:
1944:1657 deaths
1939:1604 births
1867:(1901-1906)
1304:8 September
1149:: 187–200.
1048:. p.192-194
766:Descendants
733:Lucien Wolf
618:Isaac Luria
535:philosemite
532:millenarian
528:Arise Evans
512:John Sadler
508:Adam Boreel
475:John Evelyn
426:Millenarian
236:Netherlands
232:Inquisition
224:La Rochelle
72:La Rochelle
1933:Categories
1833:1735673773
1650:9004091149
1257:. Cosimo.
975:1148567577
862:Cecil Roth
849:References
837:Malmesbury
684:1735673773
566:Middelburg
388:Parliament
318:Portuguese
115:Occupation
94:Middelburg
1481:(1911). "
1348:30 August
1326:30 August
1282:30 August
1237:, BRILL,
772:Abarbanel
717:Rembrandt
555:Ouderkerk
516:John Dury
367:John Dury
337:Messianic
256:The Hague
216:Rembrandt
202:in 1626.
200:Amsterdam
184:kabbalist
123:Signature
1766:Archived
1734:Aish.com
1685:(eds.).
1581:(2009).
1396:Archived
1265:. p. 49.
1177:op. cit.
1020:op. cit.
785:See also
638:Marranos
631:and the
585:Writings
390:and the
340:coming.
307:yeshibah
228:Portugal
1884:. 1905.
1837:Sefaria
1780:Herejes
1489:(ed.).
1476::
1163:3622313
1131:, p.246
1125:p.50-51
1111:1453207
744:Clear'd
735:(ed.),
688:Sefaria
557:aan de
414:Surinam
349:Puritan
322:Marrano
252:England
194:(named
188:printer
63: (
1892:(2007)
1831:
1720:
1695:
1666:
1647:
1628:
1609:
1589:
1567:
1547:
1485:". In
1470:
1261:
1241:
1197:
1161:
1109:
1067:
1044:
994:; and
973:
934:Lisbon
921:online
833:Hobbes
814:Milton
760:Israel
702:Hebrew
682:
629:Talmud
571:Kislev
559:Amstel
299:Recife
295:Brazil
248:France
152:Hebrew
52:, 1642
1423:1930
1159:JSTOR
1107:JSTOR
943:) or
797:Notes
480:Diary
198:) in
180:rabbi
154:name
118:Rabbi
1829:ISBN
1718:ISBN
1693:ISBN
1664:ISBN
1645:ISBN
1626:ISBN
1607:ISBN
1587:ISBN
1565:ISBN
1545:ISBN
1350:2016
1328:2016
1306:2016
1284:2016
1259:ISBN
1239:ISBN
1195:ISBN
1065:ISBN
1042:ISBN
971:ISBN
680:ISBN
526:and
518:and
316:, a
289:and
250:and
206:Life
172:MB"Y
83:Died
65:1604
61:1604
58:Born
1151:doi
1099:doi
1016:Cf.
439:the
254:at
176:MBI
174:or
1935::
1878:.
1788:,
1778:,
1747:,
1681:;
1452:,
1157:.
1147:45
1145:.
1105:.
1095:41
1027:^
923:).
896:,
620:.
541:.
514:,
510:,
502:,
498:,
285:,
281:,
277:,
262:.
182:,
96:,
74:,
1839:.
1802:,
1800:)
1726:.
1705:.
1672:.
1653:.
1634:.
1615:.
1595:.
1573:.
1553:.
1402:.
1366:.
1352:.
1330:.
1308:.
1286:.
1203:.
1165:.
1153::
1113:.
1101::
977:.
947:(
936:(
820:.
723:.
709:.
690:.
482:,
158:(
141:(
67:)
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
