345:
386:
667:
Adam-Tonis was appointed Prime
Minister of the combined Organization. In 2015, Fu Jun led a few supporters that is against the merger to form a separate Manchukuo Government and according to its website, Dokuritsu Aisingyoro has ascended to the throne in 2015, who appointed a president named Cheung Siu Bong, who was president until it merged with other Manchu organizations, at which time Fu Jun became president. Since 2019, the long dead emperor
331:
31:
117:. Thereafter, ethnic identity grew greatly in importance, and the Banner people had to decide whether to identify as Manchu, Han Chinese, or Mongol. Many of Mongol or Han Chinese ethnic origin opted to be classified as Manchu, especially in northern China, and the descendants of the Bannermen were generally called Manzu ("Manchu ethnic group") from then on.
121:
197:
of
Manchuria under the cornerstone of "minzoku kyowa" (racial harmony) between Manchu, Han Chinese, Japanese and others in the region. With the foundation of Manchukuo, Manchurian nationalism became a territorial or inter-ethnic nationalism of all people living in Manchuria, and was no longer limited to Manchu people.
131:
As supporters of the old Qing dynasty, the Banner people (or Manchu-associated groups) were disempowered and discriminated against in the new
Republic. Many Qing nobles thus started to conspire against the new authorities, and the idea of a Manchu/Manchurian nationalism grew in importance due to this
196:
The major and opportunistic involvement of Japan in the movement for
Manchurian independence has led historian David Egler to describe Manchurian nationalism as "artificial". He argued that it was for the most part a propaganda tool to justify the Japanese intervention, occupation, and colonisation
666:
front group based in the United States. In April 2011, The
Manchukuo Government have merge with the Imperial Qing Restoration Organization, The Manchukuo Government and the entire cabinet resign and Adam-Tonis handed over power and the royal seals to His Imperial Majesty 李志栓 as the next emperor,
375:
112:
Bannermen as well. The Banner identity was not yet racial or national, but still strongly divided the mostly Manchu Banner people from the primarily Han
Chinese civilians of the Qing Empire. This divide grew with the overthrow of the Qing dynasty in 1912, and the foundation of the
374:
373:
654:. However, that emperor dropped out of contact with the Manchukuo Government, so in April 2010, it held another election, won by "Aisin Gioro Chongji" (爱新觉罗‧崇基). Jason Adam-Tonis was elected as prime minister in May 2010. At the time, Adam-Tonis was a
188:
and called for the "Manchus to govern
Manchuria" in cooperation with Japan. The Japanese did not accept his self-proclamation as leader of the Manchurian independence movement, however, and sidelined him after the foundation of
604:, which controls its claimed territory. Journalists and internet users have expressed doubts about its authenticity and aims. On its website, it claims to have merged with other Manchu independence organizations as of 2019.
769:, and it was jokingly suggested that King himself might be one of its secret agents. Some internet users suspected the entire website of being a scam set up for the purpose of raising money. Hong Kong political scientist
372:
729:
columnist enquired with them about the possibility of purchasing them, a spokesperson stated that the items were sold out. It also issued what it referred to as "loyalty bonds". Its activities led the Hong Kong
781:
people; he pointed out that the people who ever felt genuine identification with the state of
Manchukuo were mostly not Chinese or Manchu but rather Japanese. Another news commentator similarly suggested that
825:, earned it the ire of internet users in mainland China. At one point, rumours were spreading in mainland Chinese internet forums that one "Toshiaki Kawashima" (川島志明), whom they alleged to be the nephew of
672:
2807:
814:
371:
612:
Media summaries of its website state that the
Manchukuo Government includes an emperor, a royal family, a prime minister, and a cabinet. It continues to use the old
720:
628:
1548:
739:
797:
The
Manchukuo Government also provoked angry reactions from some quarters. A NOWnews guest columnist in May 2011, in the midst of other arguments against
777:
and the internet, also expressed suspicion of the website and its attempt to portray the revival of Manchukuo as a movement undertaken on behalf of
676:
2220:
1312:
589:
3439:
1411:
1254:
755:
3053:
3023:
2125:
3048:
2973:
1765:
1729:
1280:
1178:"White Power and apocalyptic cults: Pro-DPRK Americans revealed; American homegrown terrorist groups are the chosen favorites of Pyongyang"
638:
and a prime minister. In the 2008 elections, the emperorship was won by "Aisin Gioro Xiaojie" (愛新覺羅‧孝傑), stated to be a student in the
3214:
838:
735:
114:
2750:
1517:
1473:
1462:
731:
344:
1541:
1177:
3429:
3299:
3154:
2403:
2210:
1282:Εταιρειεσ μη εχουσεσ αδεια παροχησ επενδυτικων υπηρεσιων βασει σχετικων προειδοποιησεων (public warnings) ξενων εποπτικων αρχων
1067:
624:
1035:
742:
to issue public warnings about it in February 2008 to emphasise that it is not a body permitted to offer investment services.
3003:
2958:
2215:
2036:
1509:
1385:
177:
57:
3093:
3088:
3018:
2978:
2963:
2745:
2700:
2320:
1968:
810:
601:
144:
with Japanese help in 1912. His venture was not driven by nationalism, however, but by a desire to see the monarchy under
49:
3434:
3259:
3204:
3174:
3083:
3078:
3058:
3043:
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2948:
2046:
1958:
1734:
786:
were behind the site. On the other hand, Shen also suggested that the whole website might simply be a spoof designed by
613:
364:
101:
3444:
2715:
1938:
1888:
1534:
176:(who claimed descent from Han Chinese Bannermen) as early as 1916 to promote Manchurian independence. Following the
3449:
3073:
2953:
1984:
350:
3033:
2755:
2247:
1943:
3350:
3008:
2812:
1724:
1454:
1450:
1036:"滿洲國復辟？ 金溥聰有個族人自封是皇帝 [Manchukuo restored? King Pu-tsung has a clansman who proclaimed himself emperor]"
855:
3404:
are listed above. This does not imply that all nationalists with a given ethnicity subscribe to that form of
3370:
2792:
2325:
2264:
2168:
2079:
1994:
1873:
763:
692:
639:
73:
794:
described it as "thick on anti-communist vitriol" while failing to address Japanese hegemony in Manchukuo.
2740:
2630:
2408:
2372:
2254:
2099:
1497:
Manchus & Han: Ethnic Relations and Political Power in Late Qing and Early Republican China, 1861–1928
1361:
1152:
791:
671:
is recognized as the current emperor, with a regency council running on his behalf. The organization also
330:
161:
164:
than Manchu/Manchurian nationalism. Manchurian nationalism and independence were heavily promoted by the
3063:
3028:
3013:
2892:
2720:
2710:
2675:
2670:
2655:
2635:
2599:
2382:
2352:
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2006:
1963:
1933:
1911:
1858:
1781:
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850:
472:
385:
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3068:
2917:
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2529:
2423:
2300:
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2237:
2205:
2173:
2163:
2142:
2069:
1953:
1868:
1828:
1655:
1602:
818:
783:
704:
1419:
3319:
3199:
2993:
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2589:
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2514:
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2439:
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2310:
2279:
2232:
2137:
2053:
2026:
1989:
1916:
1883:
1863:
1833:
1719:
1619:
1362:"「太平洋滿洲獨立基地」——網絡稻草人的故事 ['Pacific Manchuria Independence Base' an internet scarecrow story]"
798:
774:
700:
655:
578:
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3108:
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2837:
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2147:
2115:
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2016:
2011:
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1557:
880:
751:
435:
288:
264:
65:
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2242:
2074:
2041:
1846:
1838:
1739:
1676:
1513:
1458:
826:
635:
631:. It claims to have overseas branches in Brazil, Italy, Japan, Taiwan, and the United States.
617:
423:
336:
234:
34:
1412:"「滿洲國」參與巴布亞新畿內亞排華? ["Manchukuo" joined anti-Chinese activities in Papua New Guinea?]"
3294:
3103:
2983:
2498:
2478:
2094:
2089:
2021:
2001:
1895:
1823:
1791:
1671:
1587:
834:
787:
712:
708:
443:
431:
316:
220:
148:
restored. In general, anti-Republican groups founded by Banner people, most prominently the
3274:
3244:
2769:
2178:
2084:
1921:
1482:
1095:
860:
802:
647:
439:
427:
302:
250:
165:
3324:
3229:
3209:
2777:
1926:
865:
830:
696:
149:
141:
104:. Manchus were thus strongly associated with the Banner system, even though there were
711:
services by post. As early as 2007, it was issuing identity cards for US$ 3 each, and
3423:
2872:
2867:
2822:
2817:
2797:
2120:
1796:
875:
778:
766:
465:
169:
105:
97:
69:
1336:
1123:
1075:
17:
3401:
3289:
3139:
2902:
2887:
2857:
2827:
2787:
1475:
Japanese mass organizations in Manchuria, 1928-1945: the ideology of racial harmony
1043:
750:
The Manchukuo Government received occasional media attention in the context of the
688:
586:
453:
173:
157:
93:
89:
829:
and prime minister of the Manchukuo Government, was working as a secret agent for
1495:
1444:
370:
3360:
3329:
3309:
3189:
3144:
3098:
2927:
2912:
2907:
2842:
2782:
2259:
2132:
1259:
663:
643:
109:
30:
1313:"CNMV advierte tres compañías Hong Kong podrían dar servicios sin autorización"
3375:
3219:
3149:
1645:
1607:
806:
770:
759:
597:
153:
3279:
3264:
3254:
3249:
3194:
3179:
2468:
1592:
593:
582:
574:
408:
399:
190:
137:
77:
1203:
3304:
3239:
3164:
3038:
2922:
1157:
725:
620:. The website has accounts of the history of the region and its people.
185:
132:
development. One of the first attempts to create a Manchu polity was by
120:
3314:
3284:
3234:
3224:
3129:
2882:
2832:
1851:
1760:
1501:
870:
822:
460:
1126:[Denounce Taiwanese independence and Manchukuo independence],
3184:
3169:
3134:
3124:
1526:
1505:
716:
668:
659:
493:
412:
403:
133:
124:
96:
had promoted a common, "Manchufying" identity among members of the
3334:
181:
168:, however, whose aim was to weaken and divide China. The Japanese
119:
29:
651:
145:
1530:
1446:
War and National Reinvention: Japan in the Great War, 1914-1919
1255:"騎呢滿洲國護照 8美元一本 [Funny Manchukuo passports, US$ 8 each]"
1155:[Regarding the internet "Manchukuo Emperor election"],
1098:[Aisin Gioro's national enmity and personal hatred!],
801:, called the Manchukuo Government "the shame of the people of
552:
37:, the state primarily associated with Manchurian nationalism
805:". Its stated political positions, such as support for the
1386:"Ethnicity and the Chinese Internet: Escape from Reality?"
634:
The leadership of the Manchukuo Government is formed by
596:
from 1932 to 1945; it seeks to revive the state and to
172:
was already attempting to use the Royalist Party and
1337:"金溥聰是超極震撼彈 [King Pu-tsung's a real shocker]"
1288:, Hellenic Capital Market Commission, archived from
3343:
3117:
2941:
2768:
2733:
2688:
2618:
2577:
2552:
2507:
2457:
2432:
2396:
2361:
2288:
2198:
2191:
2156:
2108:
2062:
1977:
1904:
1816:
1809:
1774:
1753:
1712:
1705:
1685:
1664:
1628:
1580:
1573:
1564:
532:
522:
513:
499:
487:
471:
459:
449:
419:
395:
207:
1146:
1144:
1142:
642:'s history department; his actual relation to the
180:in 1931, Qing prince and Royalist Party associate
1249:
1247:
27:Ethnic nationalism of the Manchu people of China
390:Claimed territory of the "Manchukuo Government"
270:
256:
1117:
1115:
1061:
1059:
1030:
1028:
1026:
1024:
1022:
1020:
1018:
1016:
629:Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization
226:
1542:
758:, as its members may be distant relatives of
524:• Manchukuo Temporary Government formed
308:
212:
8:
623:The Manchukuo Government is a member of the
573:, is an organization established in 2004 in
294:
240:
140:, who tried to create a separatist state in
837:with the aim of fomenting violence against
715:for US$ 8 each, with payment to be made by
3400:: Forms of nationalism based primarily on
3044:Muslim Independence Movement (Philippines)
2556:
2461:
2365:
2195:
1813:
1709:
1577:
1570:
1549:
1535:
1527:
204:
959:
1229:"Manchukuo Statement about Biden Regime"
740:Comisión Nacional del Mercado de Valores
677:2020 United States presidential election
650:"Xiao" (孝) does not fit with the actual
201:Proclaimed Manchukuo government-in-exile
1068:"滿洲國要復活了！ [Manchukuo revived!]"
892:
512:
418:
3004:Galician independence movement (Spain)
971:
947:
935:
923:
911:
899:
577:. On its website, it claims to be the
3054:Patani United Liberation Organisation
3024:Inner Mongolian independence movement
1007:
995:
983:
531:
521:
517:
498:
486:
482:
7:
3049:National Liberation Front of Corsica
2974:East Turkestan independence movement
691:", which claims to succeed the old
658:student and also a chairman of the
534:• Manchukuo Government formed
152:, were initially more motivated by
127:, a leading Manchurian nationalist.
962:, pp. 136, 301–302 (note 92).
736:Hellenic Capital Market Commission
25:
732:Securities and Futures Commission
1443:Dickinson, Frederick R. (1999).
384:
368:
343:
329:
3155:Basque Country (greater region)
3014:Guangdong Independence Movement
1390:China Policy Institute Analysis
625:International Monarchist League
569:until 2019), commonly known as
501:• Head of Regency Council
80:, regardless of ethnic origin.
2959:Assyrian independence movement
1510:University of Washington Press
1384:Leipold, James (19 May 2016).
719:. Its website claimed to sell
567:Manchukuo Temporary Government
213:
178:Japanese invasion of Manchuria
61:
53:
1:
3440:Nationalist movements in Asia
3094:Vojvodina Autonomist Movement
3089:Tibetan independence movement
3019:Hawaiian sovereignty movement
2979:Faroese independence movement
2964:Catalan independence movement
1494:Rhoads, Edward J. M. (2000).
811:Tibetan independence movement
3175:Chechen Republic of Ichkeria
3084:Taiwan independence movement
3059:Ryukyu independence movement
2969:Champa independence movement
2949:Alsace independence movement
1472:Egler, David George (1977).
1042:, 2009-12-10, archived from
687:The Manchukuo Government's "
627:. It also seeks to join the
614:National Anthem of Manchukuo
365:National Anthem of Manchukuo
3039:Mapuche separatist movement
3466:
3074:Silesian Autonomy Movement
2954:Assam separatist movements
2109:Northern & Middle Asia
1227:満洲国政府/滿洲國政府 (2021-01-20),
813:, as well as its calls to
602:People's Republic of China
241:
3391:
3079:Székely autonomy movement
2559:
2464:
2368:
673:questioned the legitimacy
553:https://manchuriagov.net/
546:
542:
518:
509:
483:
383:
359:
325:
310:Правительство Маньчжоу-Го
309:
295:
271:
258:Манжүкогийн засгийн газар
257:
227:
3009:Greenlandic independence
1455:Harvard University Press
1451:Cambridge, Massachusetts
1317:Estrategias de Inversión
856:Local ethnic nationalism
721:Manchukuo postage stamps
662:Politics Study Group, a
646:clan is suspect, as his
590:with limited recognition
790:. James Leipold of the
754:around the time of the
693:Central Bank of Manchou
640:University of Hong Kong
420:Official languages
74:territorial nationalism
3430:Manchurian nationalism
3034:Māori protest movement
792:China Policy Institute
762:general-secretary and
128:
76:of the inhabitants of
42:Manchurian nationalism
38:
3064:Scottish independence
3029:Kashubian Association
2751:Indigenous Australian
1487:University of Arizona
851:Concordia Association
784:Japanese nationalists
608:Structure and symbols
123:
33:
3270:Marathi Abhimaangeet
3069:Siberian regionalism
926:, pp. 279, 283.
839:Chinese people there
819:2008 Summer Olympics
705:United States dollar
683:Financial activities
563:Manchukuo Government
209:Manchukuo Government
18:Manchukuo Government
3435:Separatism in China
3361:American Indigenous
2994:Free Papua Movement
2404:Balkar and Karachay
2199:Southeastern Europe
1730:Indigenous Canadian
1410:沈旭暉 (2010-05-14),
1360:沈旭暉 (2010-05-16),
1153:"從互聯網「滿洲國皇帝全民直選」談起"
1151:沈旭暉 (2010-05-09),
1066:孫亨利 (2009-09-16),
974:, pp. 271–272.
950:, pp. 235–236.
914:, pp. 278–279.
799:Taiwan independence
775:Chinese nationalism
701:fixed exchange rate
695:, declared the old
656:New York University
636:electing an emperor
579:government in exile
478:Government-in-exile
58:traditional Chinese
3445:Ethnic nationalism
3406:ethnic nationalism
3109:Welsh independence
2989:Free Aceh Movement
2221:in North Macedonia
2063:South-eastern Asia
1558:Ethnic nationalism
1122:阿修伯 (2011-05-25),
998:, pp. 90–107.
881:Adverse possession
752:politics of Taiwan
129:
66:ethnic nationalism
50:simplified Chinese
46:Manchu nationalism
39:
3450:History of Manchu
3417:
3416:
3160:Catalan Countries
2764:
2763:
2729:
2728:
2684:
2683:
2548:
2547:
2453:
2452:
2187:
2186:
1805:
1804:
1701:
1700:
1010:, pp. 96–97.
827:Yoshiko Kawashima
713:fantasy passports
709:currency exchange
618:Flag of Manchukuo
592:which controlled
559:
558:
376:
115:Republic of China
92:, the Manchu-led
35:Flag of Manchukuo
16:(Redirected from
3457:
3410:
3295:Republika Srpska
3104:Walloon Movement
2984:Flemish Movement
2557:
2462:
2366:
2196:
1814:
1710:
1578:
1571:
1551:
1544:
1537:
1528:
1523:
1490:
1480:
1468:
1430:
1429:
1428:
1427:
1418:, archived from
1407:
1401:
1400:
1398:
1396:
1381:
1375:
1374:
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1351:
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1215:
1214:
1208:manchuriagov.net
1200:
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1137:
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1134:
1119:
1110:
1109:
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1107:
1092:
1086:
1085:
1084:
1083:
1074:, archived from
1063:
1054:
1053:
1052:
1051:
1032:
1011:
1005:
999:
993:
987:
981:
975:
969:
963:
960:Dickinson (1999)
957:
951:
945:
939:
933:
927:
921:
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909:
903:
897:
835:Papua New Guinea
388:
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205:
64:) refers to the
63:
55:
21:
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3458:
3456:
3455:
3454:
3420:
3419:
3418:
3413:
3395:
3387:
3339:
3275:Northern Epirus
3245:Ketuanan Melayu
3113:
2999:Future of Åland
2937:
2873:Native American
2770:Pan-nationalism
2760:
2725:
2689:Northern Europe
2680:
2614:
2573:
2553:Southern Europe
2544:
2503:
2449:
2428:
2392:
2357:
2284:
2183:
2152:
2104:
2058:
1973:
1900:
1801:
1770:
1749:
1740:Native American
1697:
1686:Southern Africa
1681:
1660:
1624:
1566:
1560:
1555:
1520:
1493:
1483:Tucson, Arizona
1478:
1471:
1465:
1442:
1439:
1434:
1433:
1425:
1423:
1409:
1408:
1404:
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1335:
1334:
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1120:
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1103:
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966:
958:
954:
946:
942:
934:
930:
922:
918:
910:
906:
898:
894:
889:
861:Northeast China
847:
803:Northeast China
788:internet trolls
773:, an expert on
748:
685:
648:generation name
610:
555:
551:
535:
525:
502:
490:
489:• Emperor
442:
438:
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430:
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379:
369:
355:
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334:
321:
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286:
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274:
272:
269:
262:
255:
248:
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210:
203:
166:Empire of Japan
102:military forces
86:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3463:
3461:
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3257:
3252:
3247:
3242:
3237:
3232:
3230:Karakalpakstan
3227:
3222:
3217:
3212:
3210:East Turkestan
3207:
3202:
3197:
3192:
3187:
3182:
3177:
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2508:United Kingdom
2505:
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2501:
2496:
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2486:
2481:
2476:
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2458:Western Europe
2455:
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2406:
2400:
2398:
2397:North Caucasus
2394:
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2390:
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2375:
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2363:
2362:Eastern Europe
2359:
2358:
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2329:
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2323:
2313:
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2303:
2298:
2292:
2290:
2289:Central Europe
2286:
2285:
2283:
2282:
2277:
2272:
2270:Romani (Gypsy)
2267:
2262:
2257:
2252:
2251:
2250:
2240:
2235:
2230:
2225:
2224:
2223:
2218:
2213:
2202:
2200:
2193:
2189:
2188:
2185:
2184:
2182:
2181:
2176:
2171:
2166:
2160:
2158:
2157:South Caucasus
2154:
2153:
2151:
2150:
2145:
2140:
2135:
2130:
2129:
2128:
2126:South Mongolia
2118:
2112:
2110:
2106:
2105:
2103:
2102:
2097:
2092:
2087:
2082:
2077:
2072:
2066:
2064:
2060:
2059:
2057:
2056:
2051:
2050:
2049:
2039:
2034:
2029:
2024:
2019:
2014:
2009:
2004:
1999:
1998:
1997:
1987:
1981:
1979:
1975:
1974:
1972:
1971:
1966:
1961:
1956:
1951:
1946:
1941:
1936:
1931:
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1914:
1908:
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1902:
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1807:
1806:
1803:
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1553:
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1438:
1435:
1432:
1431:
1402:
1376:
1352:
1328:
1304:
1272:
1243:
1233:@Manchukuo_Gov
1219:
1195:
1169:
1138:
1111:
1087:
1055:
1012:
1000:
988:
986:, p. 107.
976:
964:
952:
940:
938:, p. 235.
928:
916:
904:
902:, p. 278.
891:
890:
888:
885:
884:
883:
878:
873:
868:
866:Royalist Party
863:
858:
853:
846:
843:
831:Chen Shui-bian
756:2009 elections
747:
744:
738:, and Spain's
703:of 0.8 to the
697:Manchukuo yuan
684:
681:
652:clan genealogy
609:
606:
565:(known as the
557:
556:
547:
544:
543:
540:
539:
536:
533:
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529:
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481:
480:
475:
469:
468:
463:
457:
456:
451:
447:
446:
421:
417:
416:
406:(provisional)
397:
393:
392:
389:
381:
380:
367:
357:
356:
349:
342:
341:
335:
328:
327:
326:
323:
322:
211:
208:
202:
199:
150:Royalist Party
142:Inner Mongolia
100:, its primary
85:
82:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3462:
3451:
3448:
3446:
3443:
3441:
3438:
3436:
3433:
3431:
3428:
3427:
3425:
3408:
3407:
3403:
3402:ethnic groups
3399:
3394:
3393:
3390:
3382:
3379:
3377:
3374:
3372:
3369:
3367:
3364:
3362:
3359:
3358:
3357:
3354:
3352:
3351:Local (China)
3349:
3348:
3346:
3342:
3336:
3333:
3331:
3328:
3326:
3323:
3321:
3318:
3316:
3313:
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3308:
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3301:
3298:
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3261:
3258:
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3248:
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3241:
3238:
3236:
3233:
3231:
3228:
3226:
3223:
3221:
3218:
3216:
3215:Herzeg-Bosnia
3213:
3211:
3208:
3206:
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3201:
3198:
3196:
3193:
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3141:
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3007:
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2649:
2647:
2644:
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2639:
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2634:
2632:
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2500:
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2239:
2236:
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2222:
2219:
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2214:
2212:
2209:
2208:
2207:
2204:
2203:
2201:
2197:
2194:
2190:
2180:
2177:
2175:
2172:
2170:
2167:
2165:
2162:
2161:
2159:
2155:
2149:
2146:
2144:
2141:
2139:
2136:
2134:
2131:
2127:
2124:
2123:
2122:
2119:
2117:
2114:
2113:
2111:
2107:
2101:
2098:
2096:
2093:
2091:
2088:
2086:
2083:
2081:
2078:
2076:
2073:
2071:
2068:
2067:
2065:
2061:
2055:
2052:
2048:
2045:
2044:
2043:
2040:
2038:
2035:
2033:
2030:
2028:
2025:
2023:
2020:
2018:
2015:
2013:
2010:
2008:
2005:
2003:
2000:
1996:
1995:in Bangladesh
1993:
1992:
1991:
1988:
1986:
1983:
1982:
1980:
1978:Southern Asia
1976:
1970:
1967:
1965:
1962:
1960:
1957:
1955:
1952:
1950:
1947:
1945:
1942:
1940:
1937:
1935:
1932:
1928:
1925:
1924:
1923:
1920:
1918:
1915:
1913:
1910:
1909:
1907:
1903:
1897:
1894:
1890:
1887:
1886:
1885:
1882:
1880:
1877:
1875:
1872:
1870:
1867:
1865:
1862:
1860:
1857:
1853:
1850:
1848:
1845:
1844:
1842:
1840:
1837:
1835:
1832:
1830:
1827:
1825:
1822:
1821:
1819:
1815:
1812:
1808:
1798:
1795:
1793:
1790:
1788:
1785:
1783:
1780:
1779:
1777:
1775:South America
1773:
1767:
1764:
1762:
1759:
1758:
1756:
1752:
1746:
1743:
1741:
1738:
1736:
1733:
1731:
1728:
1726:
1723:
1721:
1718:
1717:
1715:
1713:North America
1711:
1708:
1704:
1694:
1691:
1690:
1688:
1684:
1678:
1675:
1673:
1670:
1669:
1667:
1663:
1657:
1654:
1652:
1649:
1647:
1644:
1642:
1639:
1637:
1634:
1633:
1631:
1627:
1621:
1618:
1616:
1613:
1609:
1606:
1605:
1604:
1601:
1599:
1596:
1594:
1591:
1589:
1586:
1585:
1583:
1579:
1576:
1572:
1569:
1563:
1559:
1552:
1547:
1545:
1540:
1538:
1533:
1532:
1529:
1521:
1519:9780295997483
1515:
1511:
1507:
1503:
1499:
1498:
1492:
1488:
1484:
1477:
1476:
1470:
1466:
1464:9780674005075
1460:
1456:
1452:
1448:
1447:
1441:
1440:
1436:
1422:on 2012-04-04
1421:
1417:
1413:
1406:
1403:
1391:
1387:
1380:
1377:
1367:
1363:
1356:
1353:
1342:
1338:
1332:
1329:
1318:
1314:
1308:
1305:
1295:on 2012-04-02
1291:
1284:
1283:
1276:
1273:
1262:
1261:
1256:
1250:
1248:
1244:
1234:
1230:
1223:
1220:
1209:
1205:
1204:"滿洲帝國流亡政府之要人"
1199:
1196:
1183:
1179:
1173:
1170:
1160:
1159:
1154:
1147:
1145:
1143:
1139:
1129:
1125:
1124:"聲討賤性台獨、賤性滿獨"
1118:
1116:
1112:
1101:
1097:
1091:
1088:
1078:on 2012-03-25
1077:
1073:
1069:
1062:
1060:
1056:
1046:on 2012-03-25
1045:
1041:
1037:
1031:
1029:
1027:
1025:
1023:
1021:
1019:
1017:
1013:
1009:
1004:
1001:
997:
992:
989:
985:
980:
977:
973:
972:Rhoads (2000)
968:
965:
961:
956:
953:
949:
948:Rhoads (2000)
944:
941:
937:
936:Rhoads (2000)
932:
929:
925:
924:Rhoads (2000)
920:
917:
913:
912:Rhoads (2000)
908:
905:
901:
900:Rhoads (2000)
896:
893:
886:
882:
879:
877:
876:Lytton Report
874:
872:
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820:
816:
812:
808:
804:
800:
795:
793:
789:
785:
780:
776:
772:
768:
767:King Pu-tsung
765:
764:ethnic Manchu
761:
757:
753:
745:
743:
741:
737:
733:
728:
727:
723:, but when a
722:
718:
714:
710:
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706:
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632:
630:
626:
621:
619:
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595:
591:
588:
585:, a Japanese
584:
580:
576:
572:
568:
564:
554:
550:
545:
541:
537:
527:
514:Establishment
508:
505:Arslan Sathak
504:
495:
492:
479:
476:
474:
470:
467:
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458:
455:
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324:
318:
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266:
252:
236:
222:
206:
200:
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194:
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187:
184:travelled to
183:
179:
175:
171:
170:Kwantung Army
167:
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159:
155:
151:
147:
143:
139:
135:
126:
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118:
116:
111:
107:
103:
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98:Eight Banners
95:
91:
88:While ruling
83:
81:
79:
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71:
70:Manchu people
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3325:Székely Land
3290:Pashtunistan
3140:Balawaristan
2913:South Slavic
2903:Scandinavian
2433:Volga Region
2047:in Sri Lanka
1948:
1905:Eastern Asia
1766:Puerto Rican
1581:North Africa
1565:Nationalisms
1496:
1474:
1445:
1437:Bibliography
1424:, retrieved
1420:the original
1415:
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1343:, 2009-12-17
1340:
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1319:, 2008-03-06
1316:
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1297:, retrieved
1290:the original
1281:
1275:
1265:, retrieved
1263:, 2007-07-03
1258:
1236:, retrieved
1232:
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1211:. Retrieved
1207:
1198:
1186:. Retrieved
1184:. 6 May 2013
1181:
1172:
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1131:, retrieved
1127:
1104:, retrieved
1102:, 2009-12-15
1099:
1096:"愛新覺羅的國仇家恨！"
1090:
1080:, retrieved
1076:the original
1071:
1048:, retrieved
1044:the original
1039:
1003:
991:
979:
967:
955:
943:
931:
919:
907:
895:
796:
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689:central bank
686:
664:North Korean
633:
622:
611:
600:it from the
587:puppet state
570:
566:
562:
560:
548:
454:State Shinto
415:(proclaimed)
360:
195:
174:Zhang Zuolin
158:conservatism
130:
94:Qing dynasty
90:China proper
87:
45:
41:
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3330:Tamil Eelam
3310:Saraikistan
3190:Hatay State
3145:Balochistan
3099:Wallmapuwen
2793:Bangladeshi
2265:Montenegrin
2169:Azerbaijani
2133:Pan-Turkism
1874:Palestinian
1817:Middle East
1725:Greenlandic
1629:East Africa
1260:Apple Daily
734:, Greece's
644:Aisin Gioro
243:ᠮᠠᠨᠵᡠ ᡤᡠᡵᡠᠨ
162:revisionism
110:Han Chinese
3424:Categories
3376:Indigenous
3320:Sindhudesh
3300:Santa Cruz
3220:Hutu Power
3150:Bangsamoro
2741:Australian
2716:Lithuanian
2631:Andalusian
2409:Circassian
2373:Belarusian
2321:in Austria
2255:Macedonian
2211:in Albania
2100:Vietnamese
1934:Hongkonger
1927:chauvinist
1608:Pharaonism
1426:2011-09-26
1371:2011-09-26
1347:2011-09-26
1323:2011-09-26
1299:2011-09-26
1267:2011-09-26
1238:2021-11-30
1213:2024-09-05
1164:2011-09-26
1133:2011-09-26
1106:2011-09-26
1100:South News
1082:2011-09-26
1050:2011-09-26
1008:Egler 1977
996:Egler 1977
984:Egler 1977
887:References
807:Dalai Lama
771:Simon Shen
760:Kuomintang
699:to have a
473:Government
466:Manchurian
461:Demonym(s)
154:monarchism
3280:Occitania
3265:Manchukuo
3255:Lezgistan
3250:Kurdistan
3195:Hazarajat
3180:Circassia
2942:Movements
2893:Pakistani
2868:Mongolian
2808:Congolese
2721:Norwegian
2711:Icelandic
2676:Valencian
2671:Navarrese
2656:Castilian
2636:Aragonese
2600:Sardinian
2383:Ukrainian
2353:Slovenian
2333:Hungarian
2248:in Cyprus
2228:Aromanian
2216:in Kosovo
2121:Mongolian
2037:Sinhalese
2007:Dravidian
1964:Taiwanese
1912:Cantonese
1889:in Cyprus
1859:Jordanian
1782:Argentine
1754:Caribbean
1745:Québécois
1693:Afrikaner
746:Reactions
594:Manchuria
583:Manchukuo
575:Hong Kong
571:Manchuria
450:Religion
436:Mongolian
409:Changchun
400:Hong Kong
289:Mongolian
265:Mongolian
191:Manchukuo
138:Prince Su
78:Manchuria
3240:Katarism
3165:Chameria
3118:Projects
2923:Turanian
2918:Tunisian
2888:Oceanian
2878:Nigerian
2828:Hispanic
2823:Germanic
2813:European
2746:Hawaiian
2696:Estonian
2666:Galician
2651:Canarian
2641:Asturian
2610:Venetian
2605:Sicilian
2595:Padanian
2569:Corsican
2530:Scottish
2424:Ossetian
2343:Silesian
2326:Völkisch
2301:Bavarian
2296:Austrian
2275:Romanian
2260:Moldovan
2238:Croatian
2206:Albanian
2174:Georgian
2164:Armenian
2143:Siberian
2070:Filipino
1985:Assamese
1954:Okinawan
1939:Japanese
1869:Lebanese
1847:Diaspora
1829:Assyrian
1797:Peruvian
1706:Americas
1656:Tigrayan
1603:Egyptian
1416:Ming Pao
1366:Ming Pao
1158:Ming Pao
845:See also
809:and the
726:Ming Pao
598:separate
432:Mandarin
424:Japanese
235:Japanese
186:Shenyang
84:Overview
3315:Silesia
3285:Ossetia
3260:Luhansk
3235:Karelia
3225:Ilirida
3205:Donetsk
3130:Assyria
2933:Ugandan
2898:Russian
2843:Iranian
2833:Iberian
2803:Chinese
2778:African
2734:Oceania
2706:Finnish
2701:Faroese
2661:Catalan
2626:Spanish
2590:Lombard
2585:Italian
2525:English
2520:Cornish
2515:British
2499:Walloon
2494:Occitan
2479:Flemish
2469:Arpitan
2440:Chuvash
2388:Yiddish
2378:Russian
2311:Frisian
2280:Serbian
2233:Bosniak
2138:Pashtun
2054:Tripuri
2027:Punjabi
1990:Bengali
1969:Tibetan
1917:Chinese
1884:Turkish
1864:Kurdish
1852:Zionism
1843:Jewish
1834:Iranian
1792:Mapuche
1787:Criollo
1761:Haitian
1720:Chicano
1665:Nigeria
1620:Sahrawi
1502:Seattle
1395:28 June
1341:NOWNews
1188:28 June
1128:NOWNews
1072:NOWNews
1040:NOWNews
871:Tartary
823:Beijing
815:disrupt
675:of the
549:Website
444:Russian
396:Capital
361:Anthem:
317:Russian
221:Chinese
72:or the
68:of the
3371:German
3356:Racial
3200:Danzig
3185:Crimea
3170:Champa
3135:Azawad
3125:Arakan
2928:Turkic
2908:Slavic
2883:Nordic
2863:Libyan
2853:Korean
2838:Indian
2818:Finnic
2798:Celtic
2646:Basque
2564:Basque
2535:Ulster
2484:French
2474:Breton
2419:Lezgin
2414:Ingush
2348:Slovak
2338:Polish
2316:German
2192:Europe
2148:Uyghur
2116:Baloch
2032:Sindhi
2017:Meitei
2012:Hazara
1959:Ryukyu
1949:Manchu
1944:Korean
1879:Syrian
1735:Lakota
1651:Somali
1641:Amhara
1636:Acholi
1615:Kabyle
1598:Coptic
1593:Berber
1574:Africa
1516:
1506:London
1461:
1182:NKNews
779:Manchu
717:PayPal
669:Kangde
660:Songun
494:Kangde
440:Korean
428:Manchu
413:Harbin
404:Taipei
363:
351:Emblem
313:
303:Korean
299:
296:만주국 정부
285:
273:ᠮᠠᠵᠦᠺᠣ
261:
251:Manchu
247:
231:
217:
160:, and
136:, the
134:Shanqi
125:Xi Qia
106:Mongol
62:滿族民族主義
60::
54:满洲民族主义
52::
3381:White
3366:Black
3344:Other
3335:Tibet
3305:Sápmi
2858:Latin
2848:Iraqi
2788:Asian
2756:Māori
2619:Spain
2578:Italy
2540:Welsh
2489:Irish
2445:Tatar
2306:Czech
2243:Greek
2080:Malay
2075:Khmer
2042:Tamil
1839:Iraqi
1677:Ogoni
1479:(PDF)
1293:(PDF)
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281:ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ
277:ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ
228:満洲国政府
214:滿洲國政府
182:Puwei
3398:Note
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2090:Shan
2022:Naga
2002:Bodo
1896:Zaza
1824:Arab
1810:Asia
1672:Igbo
1646:Hutu
1588:Arab
1514:ISBN
1459:ISBN
1397:2017
1190:2017
817:the
616:and
561:The
538:2019
528:2004
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