Mandolin - Knowledge (XXG)

1992: 2356: 2095: 1065: 1869: 1262: 2229: 1045: 1854: 1758: 45: 1576: 1300: 1181:. While occupying the same range as the octave mandolin/octave mandola, the Irish bouzouki is theoretically distinguished from the former instrument by its longer scale length, typically from 24 to 26 inches (610 to 660 mm), although scales as long as 27 inches (690 mm), which is the usual Greek bouzouki scale, are not unknown. In modern usage, however, the terms "octave mandolin" and "Irish bouzouki" are often used interchangeably to refer to the same instrument. 323: 1340: 1896: 1980: 1775: 2205: 1881: 2370: 1077: 1791: 585: 7163: 2622:

traditional mandolin orchestra consists of: first and second mandolins, mandolas (either octave mandolas, tuned an octave below the mandolin, or tenor mandolas, tuned like the viola), mandocellos (tuned like the cello), and bass instruments (conventional string bass or, rarely, mandobasses). Smaller ensembles, such as quartets composed of two mandolins, mandola, and mandocello, may also be found.

2021:, a Kalamazoo, Michigan, luthier who founded the "Gibson Mandolin-Guitar Manufacturing Co., Limited" in 1902. Gibson mandolins evolved into two basic styles: the Florentine or F-style, which has a decorative scroll near the neck, two points on the lower body and usually a scroll carved into the headstock; and the A-style, which is pear-shaped, has no points and usually has a simpler headstock. 2217: 2309: 540: 2083: 5465:...on December 2, 1852 in Parma at the Regio theater he performed a single string music from his mandolin, on a Lombard-type mandolin inspired by sixteenth-century instruments still unformed and rough. It was a soprano lute, very small, having the semblance of a paunchy half-egg, which he later replaced with a mandolin inspired by Hispanic Bandurria- type models... 858: 7173: 1288: 980: 5777:..."I want to hear the wood, and not the metal." And, "I want it big and dark and loud, like the engine note on a Ford GT." ...I know there are lots of musicians like me who would love the chance to create an instrument that's more geared to the music they're making...It's got a lot of crazy features, like that aforementioned false back... 2377:(here pictured in 1898) brought the Italian playing style to America where he settled in Providence, Rhode Island, as a mandolin teacher and composer. Pettine is credited with promoting a style where "one player plays both the rhythmic chords and the lyric melodic line at once, combining single strokes and tremolo." 2179:

with less metallic sound from the strings. The type used by Avital is variation of the flatback, with a double top that encloses a resonating chamber, sound holes on the side, and a convex back. It is made by one manufacturer in Israel, luthier Arik Kerman. Other players of Kerman mandolins include Alon Sariel,

5670:"mandola o mandolino alla Genovese", this mandoline has six pairs of gut strings, fifteen rosewood ribs, and mother-of-pearl and tortoiseshell inlays. It differs from other gut-strung mandolins in being tuned an octave higher than the modern guitar (e, a, d', g' b-natural, e") and having a guitar-like peg block 1920:

than other modern mandolins. They are shorter and wider than the standard Neapolitan mandolin, with a shallow back. The instruments have 6 strings, 3 wire treble-strings and 3 gut or wire-wrapped-silk bass-strings. The strings ran between the tuning pegs and a bridge that was glued to the soundboard,

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This thread digressed into the topic of Avi's Kerman, where it was established that it has a double top and a convex back. … it looks like it is based on the modern German flatback as made by makers such as Seifert, a little deep-bodied. The difference from the German models is that it has the sound

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mandolin was not tuned in fifths. Its 6 gut strings (or 6 courses of strings) were tuned as a guitar but one octave higher: e-a-d’-g’-b natural-e”. Like the Neapolitan and unlike the Lombard mandolin, the Genoese does not have the bridge glued to the soundboard, but holds the bridge on with downward

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Samuel Adelstein described the Lombard mandolin in 1893 as wider and shorter than the Neapolitan mandolin, with a shallower back and a shorter and wider neck, with six single strings to the regular mandolin's set of 4. The Lombard was tuned C–D–A–E–B–G. The strings were fastened to the bridge like a

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with half of each pair of the lower two courses being tuned an octave high on a lighter gauge string. The body is a staved bowl, the saddle-less bridge glued to the flat face like most ouds and lutes, with mechanical tuners, steel strings, and tied gut frets. Modern laoutos, as played on Crete, have

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works were composed for it by the most widely regarded composers. The total number of these works is rather small in comparison to—say—those composed for violin. One result of this dearth being that there were few positions for mandolinists in regular orchestras. To fill this gap in the literature,

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What mandolins do you own? Which one(s) is(are) your favourite(s)? Whoever knows the Beer-Sheva school of mandolin must have heard of the Israeli type of modern mandolins. A mandolin maker called Arik Kerman who lives in Tel-Aviv, invented a formula to make the mandolin in a way for which it has a

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use instruments customized, either by the luthier's choice or at the request of the player. Joseph Brent's mandolin, made by Brian Dean also uses what Brent calls a false back. Brent's mandolin was the luthier's solution to Brent's request for a loud mandolin in which the wood was clearly audible,

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created some concertos for mandolinos and orchestra: one for 4-chord mandolino, string bass & continuo in C major, (RV 425), and one for two 5-chord mandolinos, bass strings & continuo in G major, (RV 532), and concerto for two mandolins, 2 violons "in Tromba"—2 flûtes à bec, 2 salmoe, 2

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The ideal for archtops has been solid pieces of wood carved into the right shape. However, another archtop exists, the top made of laminated wood or thin sheets of solid wood, pressed into the arched shape. These have become increasingly common in the world of internationally constructed musical

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F-5 mandolins and mandolins influenced by that design are strongly associated with bluegrass, while the A-style is associated with other types of music, although it too is most often used for and associated with bluegrass. The F-5's more complicated woodwork also translates into a more expensive

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was developed by an Italian luthier in the early 1930s, scaled up from a mandola until it reached a scale length of approximately 25 to 27 inches. It is a flatback instrument, with a wide neck and 4 courses (8 strings), 5 courses (10 strings) or 6 courses (12 strings), and is used in Algeria and

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mandolin has an arched top and a shallower, arched back both carved out of wood. The flat-backed mandolin uses thin sheets of wood for the body, braced on the inside for strength in a similar manner to a guitar. Each style of instrument has its own sound quality and is associated with particular

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Traditional mandolin orchestras remain especially popular in Japan and Germany, but also exist throughout the United States, Europe and the rest of the world. They perform works composed for mandolin family instruments, or re-orchestrations of traditional pieces. The structure of a contemporary

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Pressed-top instruments are made to appear the same as carved-top instruments but do not sound the same as carved-wood tops. Carved-wood tops when carved to the ideal thickness, produce the sound consumers expect. Not carving them correctly dulls the sound. The sound of a carved-wood instrument

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Intertwined with the Neapolitan style is the Roman style mandolin, which has influenced it. The Roman mandolin had a fingerboard that was more curved and narrow. The fingerboard was lengthened over the sound hole for the E strings, the high pitched strings. The shape of the back of the neck was

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The international repertoire of music for mandolin is almost unlimited, and musicians use it to play various types of music. This is especially true of violin music, since the mandolin has the same tuning as the violin. Following its invention and early development in Italy the mandolin spread

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popularised the Cremonese mandolin, which had four single-strings and a fixed bridge, to which the strings were attached. Bortolazzi said in this book that the new wire-strung mandolins were uncomfortable to play, when compared with the gut-string instruments. Also, he felt they had a "less

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Much of mandolin development revolved around the soundboard (the top). Early instruments were quiet, strung with gut strings, and plucked with the fingers or with a quill. However, modern instruments are louder, using metal strings, which exert more pressure than the gut strings. The modern

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Furthermore, of the works that have been written for mandolin from the 18th century onward, many have been lost or forgotten. Some of these await discovery in museums and libraries and archives. One example of rediscovered 18th-century music for mandolin and ensembles with mandolins is the

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Internal bracing to support the top in the F-style mandolins is usually achieved with parallel tone bars, similar to the bass bar on a violin. Some makers instead employ "X-bracing", which is two tone-bars mortised together to form an X. Some luthiers now using a "modified x-bracing" that

2004: 5450:"Historia et imago Cremae. La vita di Giovanni Vailati, il Paganini del mandolino: dai caffè cremaschi ai teatri d'Europa [translation: Historia et imago Cremae. The life of Giovanni Vailati, the Paganini of the mandolin: from the cremaschi cafés to the theaters of Europe]" 637:(rapid picking of one or more pairs of strings) to create sustained notes or chords. The mandolin's paired strings facilitate this technique: the plectrum (pick) strikes each of a pair of strings alternately, providing a more full and continuous sound than a single string would. 791: 2068:

Laminated-wood presstops are less resonant than carved wood, the wood and glue vibrating differently than wood grain. Presstops made of solid wood have the wood's natural grain compressed, typically creating a sound that is less full than a well-made, carved-top mandolin.

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At the very end of the 19th century, a new style, with a carved top and back construction inspired by violin family instruments began to supplant the European-style bowl-back instruments in the United States. This new style is credited to mandolins designed and built by

2028:(F-5 and A-5), or a single oval sound hole (F-4 and A-4 and lower models) directly under the strings. Much variation exists between makers working from these archetypes, and other variants have become increasingly common. Generally, in the United States, Gibson 2192: 511:

soundboard is designed to withstand the pressure of metal strings that would break earlier instruments. The soundboard comes in many shapes—but generally round or teardrop-shaped, sometimes with scrolls or other projections. There are usually one or more

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guitar's. There were 20 frets, covering three octaves, with an additional 5 notes. When Adelstein wrote, there were no nylon strings, and the gut and single strings "do not vibrate so clearly and sweetly as the double steel string of the Neapolitan."

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with a fifth course at either the top or the bottom of its range. Some luthiers, such as Stefan Sobell, also refer to the octave mandola or a shorter-scaled Irish bouzouki as a cittern, irrespective of whether it has four or five courses.

782:, in which the usually doubled string runs are tuned to different pitches. Additionally, guitarists may sometimes tune a mandolin to mimic a portion of the intervals on a standard guitar tuning to achieve familiar fretting patterns. 1687:

Bowlback mandolins (also known as roundbacks), are used worldwide. They are most commonly manufactured in Europe, where the long history of mandolin development has created local styles. However, Japanese luthiers also make them.

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Japanese brands include Kunishima and Suzuki. Other Japanese manufacturers include Oona, Kawada, Noguchi, Toichiro Ishikawa, Rokutaro Nakade, Otiai Tadao, Yoshihiko Takusari, Nokuti Makoto, Watanabe, Kanou Kadama and Ochiai.

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contributed to the mandolin becoming a "fad" instrument in the early 20th century. This "mandolin craze" was fading by the 1930s, but just as this practice was falling into disuse, the mandolin found a new niche in American

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The tradition of so-called "classical music" for the mandolin has been somewhat spotty, due to its being widely perceived as a "folk" instrument. Significant composers did write music specifically for the mandolin, but few

1815:(Naples). Other modern manufacturers include Lorenzo Lippi (Milan), Hendrik van den Broek (Netherlands), Brian Dean (Canada), Salvatore Masiello and Michele Caiazza (La Bottega del Mandolino) and Ferrara, Gabriele Pandini. 2335:

Specific instruments have been designed to overcome the mandolin's rapid decay with its plucked notes. Fender released a model in 1992 with an additional string (a high A, above the E string), a tremolo bridge and extra

5833:...What is Kerman doing so different from the approach taken by American luthiers...The difference from the German models is that it has the sound holes on the edges and, even more important(?) has a double top. 2595:(virtuoso concert pianist and professor of the first chair of the Conservatory of Italian Mandolin, Padua, 1975). Today representatives of Italian classical music and Italian classical-contemporary music include 575:

during the 17th and 18th centuries. There were a variety of regional variants, but the two most widespread ones were the Neapolitan mandolin and the Lombard mandolin. The Neapolitan style has spread worldwide.

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tuning: C – G – D – A – E, lower width ca. 35,2cm, body length ca. 54,2cm, total length thomann ca. 104,5cm, height incl. bridge ca. 13cm, height of the sides ca. 10cm, width upper nut ca. 4,4cm, scale length

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The double top is a feature that luthiers are experimenting with in the 21st century, to get better sound. However, mandolinists and luthiers have been experimenting with them since at least the early 1900s.

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Concerto: a musical composition generally composed of three movements, in which, usually, one solo instrument (for instance, a piano, violin, cello or flute) is accompanied by an orchestra or concert band.

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Like the bowlback, the flatback has a round sound hole. This has been sometimes modified to an elongated hole, called a D-hole. The body has a rounded almond shape with flat or sometimes canted soundboard.

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pleasing...hard, zither-like tone" as compared to the gut string's "softer, full-singing tone." He favored the four single strings of the Cremonese instrument, which were tuned the same as the Neapolitan.

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The mandolin that Tom plays was built especially for him by Israeli artist Arik Kerman and new instrument is currently being built for, and inspired by him, by internationally-known luthier Boaz Elkayam.

605: 601: 92: 88: 1177:. Although the Irish bouzouki's bass course pairs are most often tuned in unison, on some instruments one of each pair is replaced with a lighter string and tuned in octaves, similar to the 12-string 424:, thus giving a total of eight strings. A variety of string types are used, with steel strings being the most common and usually the least expensive. The courses are typically tuned in an interval of 1940:

mandolins (also known as Cremonese) that have survived in museums have four gut strings instead of six and a fixed bridge. The mandolin was tuned in fifths, like the Neapolitan mandolin. In his 1805

1029:. Octave mandolin scale length is typically about 20 inches (510 mm), although instruments with scales as short as 17 inches (430 mm) or as long as 21 inches (530 mm) are not unknown. 2474:

mandolin orchestras have traditionally played many arrangements of music written for regular orchestras or other ensembles. Some players have sought out contemporary composers to solicit new works.

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The tone of the flatback is described as warm or mellow, suitable for folk music and smaller audiences. The instrument sound does not punch through the other players' sound like a carved top does.

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German manufacturers include Albert & Mueller, Dietrich, Klaus Knorr, Reinhold Seiffert and Alfred Woll. The German bowlbacks use a style developed by Seiffert, with a larger and rounder body.

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appearing in many cities. Following this continental popularity of the mandolin family local traditions appeared outside Europe in the Americas and in Japan. Travelling mandolin virtuosi like

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or "resophonic mandolin" is a mandolin whose sound is produced by one or more metal cones (resonators) instead of the customary wooden soundboard (mandolin top/face). Historic brands include

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List of composers for the mandolin with more than 1900 names. Includes mandolin solos, ensembles, concertos, chamber music, and bluegrass. Japanese website, but needed parts are in English

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In Canada, Brian Dean has manufactured instruments in Neapolitan, Roman, German and American styles but is also known for his original 'Grand Concert' design created for American virtuoso

622:. The bridge is kept in contact with the soundboard by the downward pressure from the strings. The neck is either flat or has a slight radius, and is covered with a fingerboard with 608:). Traditional Italian mandolins, such as the Neapolitan mandolin, meet the necked bowl description. The necked box instruments include archtop mandolins and the flatback mandolins. 499:

Other mandolin variations differ primarily in the number of strings and include four-string models (tuned in fifths) such as the Brescian and Cremonese; six-string types (tuned in

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Owing to the shape and to the common construction from wood strips of alternating colors, in the United States these are sometimes colloquially referred to as the "potato bug" , "

1631:(two octaves below the mandolin), though not as resonant as the larger instrument, was often preferred by players as easier to handle and more portable. Reportedly, however, most 6863: 1991: 332: 2355: 1966:

tension, from strings that run between the bottom and neck of the instrument. The neck was wider than the Neapolitan mandolin's neck. The peg-head is similar to the guitar's.

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Various design variations and amplification techniques have been used to make mandolins comparable in volume with louder instruments and orchestras, including the creation of

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is the bass to the violin. Like the double bass, it most frequently has 4 single strings, rather than double courses—and like the double bass, it is most commonly tuned to

1192:. It is typically a five course (ten-string) instrument having a scale length between 20 and 22 inches (510 and 560 mm). The instrument is most often tuned to either D 2040:

Numerous modern mandolin makers build instruments that largely replicate the Gibson F-5 Artist models built in the early 1920s under the supervision of Gibson acoustician

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and enjoyed playing the mandolin. His 4 small pieces date from 1796: Sonatine WoO 43a; Adagio ma non troppo WoO 43b; Sonatine WoO 44a and Andante con Variazioni WoO 44b.

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Flatback mandolins use a thin sheet of wood with bracing for the back, as a guitar uses, rather than the bowl of the bowlback or the arched back of the carved mandolins.

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The type was developed in Europe in the 1850s. The French and Germans called it a Portuguese mandolin, although they also developed it locally. The Germans used it in

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may also be loosely included in an "extended" mandolin family, based on resemblance to the flat-backed mandolins, which it predates. Its own lineage dates it back to

2320:. These mandolins can have four or five individual or double courses of strings. They were developed in the early 1930s, contemporaneous with the development of the 614:

run between mechanical tuning machines at the top of the neck to a tailpiece that anchors the other end of the strings. The strings are suspended over the neck and

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between 1897 and roughly 1920), which featured a cylindrical bulge along the top from fingerboard end to tailpiece and the Vega mando-lute (more commonly called a

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Other relatives of the cittern, which might also be loosely linked to the mandolins (and are sometimes tuned and played as such), include the 6-course/12-string

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Clockwise from top left: 1920 Gibson F-4 mandolin; 1917 Gibson H-2 mandola; 1929 Gibson mando-bass; and 1924 Gibson K-4 mandocello from Gregg Miner's collection.

1615:. These were made by the Gibson company in the early 20th century, was also never very common. A smaller scale four-string mandobass, usually tuned in fifths: G 1749:

different, less rounded with an edge, the bridge was curved making the G strings higher. The Roman mandolin had mechanical tuning gears before the Neapolitan.

343: 555:, serenading a woman with a mandolin. This used to be the common picture of the mandolin, an obscure instrument of romance in the hands of a Spanish nobleman. 5046: 4839: 1642:

The relatively rare eight-string mandobass, or "tremolo-bass", also exists, with double courses like the rest of the mandolin family, and is tuned either G

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Japanese composers also produced orchestral music for mandolin in the 20th century, but these are not well known outside Japan. Notable composers include

2482:, collected in the first half of 1762 by Jean Lefebure. Lefebure collected the music in Italy, and it was forgotten until manuscripts were rediscovered. 6856: 4774:

a newly developed resonator design pioneered by the Gibson Company with arched top and back boards with f-shaped soundholes, like violin resonators

2094: 7267: 7257: 1093:, though not strictly a member of the mandolin family, has a reasonable resemblance and similar range to the octave mandolin. It derives from the 909:). One model was manufactured by the Lyon & Healy company under the Leland brand. A handful of contemporary luthiers build piccolo mandolins. 471:

mandolin. The round-backed version has a deep bottom, constructed of strips of wood, glued together into a bowl. The archtop, also known as the

7262: 7252: 7103: 811:. Like the violin, its scale length is typically about 13 inches (330 mm). Modern American mandolins modelled after Gibsons have a longer 653: 1431:, or mandocello, depending on the music it will be used to play and player preference. When tuning it as a guitar the strings will be tuned (E 1064: 768:, standard in most parts of the western world. Some players use an A up to 10 Hz above or below a 440, mainly outside the United States. 7232: 7227: 7222: 6901: 6784: 6757: 6737: 6717: 6609: 6554: 5148: 4912: 4885: 4468: 2364: 3898:

Concerto for two mandolinos, 2 violons " in Tromba"—2 flûtes à bec, 2 salmoe, 2 théorbes, violoncelle, cordes et basse continuein in C major

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An instrument with a mandolin neck paired with a banjo-style body was patented by Benjamin Bradbury of Brooklyn in 1882 and given the name

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In the early 1970s English luthier Stefan Sobell developed a large-bodied, flat-backed mandolin with a carved soundboard, based on his own

773: 5845: 5756: 503:) such as the Milanese, Lombard, and Sicilian; six-course instruments of 12 strings (two strings per course) such as the Genoese; and the 5418: 2278:

is sometimes reserved to describe an instrument with four strings, while the version with the four courses of double strings is called a

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was perhaps the greatest mandolin player in this style. Lauded across the world for his virtuosity with the instrument, he died young.

2167:). Paris' round-back double-top mandolins use a false back below the soundboard to create a second hollow space within the instrument. 7242: 6145: 1363:

member of the mandolin family in the bass range that was surpassed by the mandocello. It was part of the Neapolitan mandolin family.

6628: 6590: 6271: 6206: 5959: 5635: 4353: 1728: 1639:, rather than a specialised mandolin family instrument. Calace and other Italian makers predating Gibson also made mandolin-basses. 812: 62: 5817: 2591:

Among the most important European mandolin composers of the 20th century are Raffaele Calace (composer, performer and luthier) and

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throughout the European continent. The instrument was primarily used in a classical tradition with Mandolin orchestras, so-called

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to build custom mandolins. The sticker inside one of the four surviving instruments indicates the build was called after him, the

2044:. Original Loar-signed instruments are sought after and extremely valuable. Other makers from the Loar period and earlier include 7297: 7123: 6906: 6236: 2262:

between 1913 and roughly 1927), which had a similar longitudinal bulge but on the back rather than the front of the instrument.

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The Neapolitan style has an almond-shaped body resembling a bowl, constructed from curved strips of wood. It usually has a bent

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Like any plucked instrument, mandolin notes decay to silence rather than sound out continuously as with a bowed note on a

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Gimo 76: G. Cocchi, Allegro assai – Largo – Allegro (note: there are two mandolin parts, but they are almost identical)

1336:. Its scale length is typically about 26 inches (660 mm). A typical violoncello scale is 27 inches (690 mm). 1261: 7272: 5866:...maple sides/false back, spruce true back...It's got a lot of crazy features, like that aforementioned false back... 5016: 4584: 3990: 3889: 1886: 5112:

Marcuse, Sibyl; Musical Instruments: A Comprehensive Dictionary; W. W. Norton & Company (1975). (see entries for

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much of a round and sweet sound, and can easily produce a very soft sound other than the metallic Neapolitan one...

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Cohen, David J.; Rossing, Thomas D. (January 1, 2001). "Mandolin Family Instruments". In Rossing, Thomas D. (ed.).

4579: 4412: 1925:). A developer of the Milanese style was Antonio Monzino (Milan) and his family who made them for six generations. 1874:

Lombard mandolin with twelve strings in six courses. The bridge is glued to the soundboard, like a guitar's bridge.

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or duo is a musical composition for two performers in which the performers have equal importance to the piece. A

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19 works from Italian composers, during the mandolins first rise, copies from manuscript into modern notation.

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Works for orchestras that contain small parts for mandolin. Japanese website, but needed parts are in English.

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inches (420 mm). It is normally tuned like a viola (perfect fifth below the mandolin) and tenor banjo: C

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with more than two solo instruments or voices is called trio, quartet, quintet, sextet, septet, octet, etc.

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is classically tuned to an octave plus a fifth below the mandolin, in the same relationship as that of the

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is glued below the sound hole under the strings. European roundbacks commonly use a 13-inch (330 mm)

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of 2 adjacent strings are tuned in unison. By far the most common tuning is the same as violin tuning, in

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Genoese mandolin with twelve strings in six courses. The bridge is held to the soundboard by the strings.

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The bandolim is commonly used wherever the Spanish and Portuguese took it: in South America, in Brazil (

1949: 1860: 1757: 1097:(a long-necked lute), constructed like a flat-backed mandolin and uses fifth-based tunings, most often G 894: 765: 7176: 3053: 1853: 1575: 873:

is a rare member of the family, tuned one octave above the mandola and one fourth above the mandolin (C

633:, and mandolin notes decay faster than larger chordophones like the guitar. This encourages the use of 83: 1822:

was a major manufacturer, especially under the "Washburn" brand. Other American manufacturers include

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Some 20th-century composers also used the mandolin as their instrument of choice (amongst these are:

2492: 2049: 1917: 568: 492:. Flat-backed instruments are commonly used in Irish, British, and Brazilian folk music, and Mexican 224: 5340: 5325: 3858: 933:

in continental Europe, is tuned a fifth below the mandolin, in the same relationship as that of the

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The bulge on the instrument's back side is visible in this photo of a Vega cylinder-back mandolin.

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The bandolim is a Portuguese variant of the mandolin family. Instruments are flat on top and back.

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The instrument has a variant off the coast of South America in Trinidad, where it is known as the

7143: 7113: 7012: 6383:"Quintetto A Plettro "Raffaele Calace" Ensemble "Quadro Raro" – Serenata Veneziana With Mandolin" 5714: 4604: 4346: 4008: 3707: 2440: 2293: 2251: 1632: 1036:, a flat-backed instrument with four courses, the lower two strung with metal and nylon strings. 657: 167: 4234: 3593: 1889:, "Blind mandolinist of Cremona", toured Europe in the 1850s with a six-string Lombard mandolin. 5853: 5764: 5484: 4957:

ABDELKADER BENDAMECHE President of the National Council Arts and Letters, Algiers, 21 July 2014

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or violin-like passages with sustained notes that can be adjusted as with an electric guitar.

2317: 1344: 1241: 1145:(an octave below the mandolin—in which case it essentially functions as an octave mandolin), G 1026: 661: 481: 261: 69: 55: 6580: 6482: 6417: 5989: 5081: 4902: 3763:

Serenata Per Voce, Mandolino E Pianoforte Op. 9 No. 2 Alla Contessa Tat'jana L'vovna Tolstaja

626:. The action of the strings on the bridge causes the soundboard to vibrate, producing sound. 7292: 7038: 6816: 6670: 6525: 5657: 4476: 4435: 4386: 4268: 3972: 3678: 3239: 3195: 2604: 2585: 2562: 2395: 2374: 2065:

changes the longer it is played, and older instruments are sought out for their rich sound.

1414: 742: 521:(f-hole). A round or oval sound hole may be covered or bordered with decorative rosettes or 388: 376: 790: 7148: 7068: 7002: 6458: 5601:

Anweisung die Mandoline von selbst zu erlernen nebst einigen Uebungsstucken von Bortolazzi

4649: 4614: 4531: 4497: 4420: 4201: 4064: 3882: 3352: 3087: 2777: 2722: 2611: 2592: 2581: 2558: 2485: 2431:

mandolin repertory and styles have benefited from the raised awareness of and interest in

2428: 2416: 2399: 2369: 2321: 2160: 1946:

Anweisung die Mandoline von selbst zu erlernen nebst einigen Uebungsstucken von Bortolazzi

1812: 1808: 1762: 1189: 1022: 989: 898: 489: 477: 441: 417: 197: 6214: 5967: 5795: 5292: 4829: 2343:(total of two). The result was an instrument capable of playing heavy metal style guitar 941:. Some also call this instrument the "alto mandola". Its scale length is typically about 6831: 7138: 7078: 6977: 6952: 5396: 4639: 4514: 4461: 4427: 3752: 3117: 3046: 2935: 2668: 2615: 2448: 2412: 2403: 2280: 2156: 2135:

American forms include the Army-Navy mandolin, the flatiron and the pancake mandolins.

2045: 2018: 1941: 1819: 1592: 1417:

above the expected low C. Its scale length is typically about 28 inches (710 mm).

1233: 1090: 1051: 830: 705: 673: 641: 611: 500: 425: 413: 301: 271: 4972:

The Musician's Workbook VI, Fretted Instrument Octave Designation Diagram & Charts

4156:"Nedudim" ("Wanderings") Fantasia-Concertante for mandolin and string orchestra (2014) 1895: 584: 428:, with the same tuning as a violin (G3, D4, A4, E5). Also, like the violin, it is the 7191: 6240: 4834: 4506: 4485: 4360: 4298: 4283: 4149: 2855: 2535: 2408: 1711:

sits on top of or is flush with the sound table. Very old instruments may use wooden

1360: 808: 146: 136: 6643: 2204: 2003: 1979: 1774: 1076: 7043: 6806: 5933: 4904:

Dictionary of the English/Creole of Trinidad & Tobago: On Historical Principles

4548: 4338: 4137: 4105: 4076: 3846: 3834: 3638: 3386: 3183: 3060: 2656: 2600: 2577: 2566: 2504: 2444: 2316:

As with almost every other contemporary chordophone, another modern variant is the

2259: 2180: 2171: 1830: 1716: 1055: 1018: 597: 552: 6836: 2191: 1790: 772: 6261: 5599: 342: 7133: 6826: 6675: 6659:"The Mandolin: Its Structure and Performance (Sixteenth to Twentieth Centuries)" 6658: 6308: 5125:

Johnson, J. R.; 'The Mandolin Orchestra in America, Part 3: Other Instruments',

4970: 4186: 3923: 3737: 3695: 3654: 3556: 3422: 3398: 3267: 3207: 3148: 3004: 2867: 2801: 2596: 2452: 2432: 2391: 2308: 2115: 1797: 1708: 1636: 1612: 1588: 544: 397: 98: 2512:(1787) includes mandolin parts, including the accompaniment to the famous aria 1880: 6967: 4619: 4222: 3819: 3804: 3470: 3458: 3446: 3434: 2683: 2436: 2420: 2325: 2175: 2041: 1712: 1313: 1245: 512: 485: 445: 359: 202: 6821: 6287: 6157: 5271: 4843:. Vol. 17 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 565–566. 4671: 7007: 6997: 6987: 6982: 6962: 6937: 6801: 4624: 2337: 2247: 1724: 1584: 1356: 593: 539: 504: 449: 281: 251: 236: 207: 154: 31: 6017: 5024: 2489:

théorbes, violoncelle, cordes et basse continuein in C major (p. 16).

1985:

1916 Gibson F4 with arched and carved top, curled scroll and oval soundhole

455:

There are many styles of mandolin, but the three most common types are the

17: 6051: 5642:...six pairs of string, and a wider neck than the Neapolitan instrument... 1921:

as a guitar's. The Lombard mandolins were tuned g–b–e′–a′–d″–g″ (shown in

857: 7053: 6927: 4599: 4594: 2907: 2344: 1997:

1924 Gibson F-5 mandolin, with f-shaped soundholes designed by Lloyd Loar

1913: 1094: 833:

are tuned in unison, and the courses use the same tuning as the violin: G

746: 548: 522: 409: 256: 246: 102: 6579:

Ficher, Miguel; Schleifer, Martha Furman; Furman, John M., eds. (2002).

979: 30:

This article is about the musical instrument. For the kitchen tool, see

6972: 6947: 6942: 6922: 5378: 4629: 4609: 4589: 2424: 2216: 2129: 1937: 1422: 1185: 918: 890: 634: 564: 437: 429: 393: 296: 286: 219: 192: 2082: 7083: 7073: 6957: 4523: 2521: 2029: 2025: 1368: 1178: 938: 902: 804: 630: 515:

in the soundboard, either round, oval, or shaped like a calligraphic

476:

forms of music. Neapolitan mandolins feature prominently in European

421: 118: 6604:. Australia: Jamison, A.C.T., Graham McDonald Stringed Instruments. 6146:"U. Shrinivas, 45, Indian Mandolin Virtuoso With Global Reach, Dies" 1287: 1818:

In the United States, when the bowlback was being made in numbers,

4634: 2525: 2517: 2368: 2354: 2307: 2297: 2190: 2122: 2024:

These styles generally have either two f-shaped soundholes like a

1962: 1909: 1756: 1574: 1338: 1317: 978: 934: 906: 856: 803:

The mandolin is the soprano member of the mandolin family, as the

789: 715: 649: 645: 583: 572: 538: 266: 4292:

Don Perlimplin, ovvero il trionfo dell'amore e dell'immaginazione

1376:(long-necked lute) is similar to a mandocello, ordinarily tuned C 5913:

holes on the edges and, even more important(?) has a double top.

5604:(in German). Leipzig, Germany: Breitkopf and Härtell. p. 1. 4828: 3723:

Sonata No. 54 (K. 89) in D minor for Mandolin and Basso Continuo

3235: 1348: 623: 560: 401: 276: 6845: 6690: 4707:

The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians, Second Edition

1070:

Musician with cittern, RI Scottish Highland Festival, June 2012

1001:

in continental Europe, is tuned an octave below the mandolin: G

829:

inches (350 mm). The strings in each of its double-strung

1428: 291: 6582:

Latin American Classical Composers: A Biographical Dictionary

6325:マンドリンとピアノのためのソナタ (translation: Sonata for Mandolin and Piano) 6081:"Mandolin Mania in Buffalo's Italian Community, 1895 to 1918" 4880:. Milwaukee, Wisconsin: Hal Leonard Corporation. p. 13. 2435:, with media attention to classical players such as Israeli 321: 153: 6841: 4166:

Orchestral works in which the mandolin has a limited part.

3853:

The Spirit's Lay Concerto for Mandolin and Orchestra (2000)

3600:

Mit den Augen eines Falken for mandolin & guitar (2016)

1859:

Cremonese mandolin with four strings, from an 1805 book by

1807:

Prominent Italian manufacturers include Vinaccia (Naples),

1595:

rather than fifths like most mandolin family instruments: E

101:

with permanently attached resonator and neck, sounded by a

3979:

Concerto for piano, mandolin, trumpet and double bass in E

3347:"In Gondola" Serenata Veneziana "Ai Mandolnisti Di Venezia 5348: 5317: 3826:

Concerto for Mandolin and Chamber Orchestra Op.141 (1984)

2246:

Other American-made variants include the mandolinetto or

6547:"The Mandolin, One of the Sweetest Stringed Instruments" 5341:"Hi, my name is Brian Dean. I build classical mandolin" 3633:

Gondolata Op. 74 Per Mandolino, Clarinetto E Pianoforte

3308:

L'Albero di Natale, pastorale for mandolin & guitar

563:

family instruments in Europe. Predecessors include the

507:, with four triple-string courses (12 strings total). 5626:. New York: Sterling Publishing Company, Inc. p. 6494: 6478: 6454:

Gimo-Samling: 18Th Century Sonatas & Trio Sonatas

5846:"Joseph Brent's Brian N. Dean Grand Concert Mandolin" 5757:"Joseph Brent's Brian N. Dean Grand Concert Mandolin" 5202: 5200: 5198: 5196: 5194: 3405:

Charon Crossing the Styx (mandolin & double bass)

2359:

Mandolin Club from Napoleon, Ohio, approximately 1892

6832:

Works for mandolin or with major parts for mandolin.

5715:"Stefan Sobell Guitars » Mandolins and Mandola" 5545: 5543: 5479: 5477: 5475: 5473: 3411:

Les gravures de Gustave Doré (mandolin & guitar)

2892:

Variations on September Affair of the subject matter

7021: 6915: 6879: 6079:Jean Dickson, University at Buffalo (SUNY) (2006). 3499:

Sinfonia for 2 Mandolins & Continuo, (Gimo 149)

588:

Anatomy of a bowlback mandolin in schematic drawing

312: 166: 145: 135: 117: 109: 82: 61: 54: 6817:List of mandolin method books from 1629 to present 6642: 5619: 3955:for four recorders, mandolin and percussion (1984) 3865:Concerto For Mandolin and Chamber Orchestra (1998) 3744:Silent Light for mandolin & harpsichord (2001) 3362:Barcarola Op. 116 Per Liuto "A Mio Figlio Peppino" 2532:, but the part is commonly performed on mandolin. 2132:design; this is often called a 'Celtic' mandolin. 1745:inches (350 mm) common on archtop Mandolins. 1427:Morocco. The instrument can be tuned as a guitar, 1017:. Its relationship to the mandolin is that of the 672:A variety of different tunings are used. Usually, 161:(a regularly tuned mandolin with 14 frets to body) 5897:"Thread: Avi Avital and the Arik Kerman mandolin" 5393:"Mandolin (neapolitan, Round Back, Bowl Back...)" 3541:Sonata in G major for Mandolin and Basso Continuo 3521:Sonata in D major for Mandolin and Basso Continuo 3511:Sonata in G major for Mandolin and Basso Continuo 3508:Sonata in D major for Mandolin and Basso Continuo 3311:Il Gondoliere, valse for 2 mandolins & guitar 3298:Sonata in D major for Mandolin and Basso Continuo 1916:. These mandolins are closer to the mandolino or 1587:is the bass version of the mandolin, just as the 6812:Accademia Mandolinistica Pugliese (Puglia-Italy) 6691:Edition MANDO – Edition MANDO Verlags-Bestellung 6088:Journal of World Anthropology: Occasional Papers 6074: 6072: 5287: 5285: 5283: 5281: 3782:Sonate pour mandoline en sol mineur, Op. 12 n° 4 3531:Interiors of a Courtyard (mandolin & guitar) 2447:. In India, the mandolin is played in classical 6263:Orchestral and Chamber Excerpts by Joseph Brent 5530: 5528: 5526: 5524: 5522: 4695:Musical Instruments: A Comprehensive Dictionary 4195:The Curious Affair of the Count of Monte Blotto 3785:Sonate pour mandoline en mi mineur, Op. 12 n° 5 3776:Sonate pour mandoline en ré mineur, Op. 12 n° 2 3026:4 Quartet for Mandolin, Violin, Viola, and Lute 1908:Another family of bowlback mandolins came from 600:. The resonating body may be shaped as a bowl ( 6572:The Archaeomusicology of the Ancient Near East 5964:Alon Sariel – mandolinist, conductor, lutenist 5891: 5889: 5697: 5695: 5682: 5680: 5678: 5236: 5234: 5232: 5230: 5228: 5116:, and for individual mandolin family members.) 4763:Grinnell College Musical Instrument Collection 4737:Grinnell College Musical Instrument Collection 4216:Concerto nr 24 in C major "La Marche du Huron" 3942:Concerto for Two Mandolins ("Rromane Bjavela") 3877:Concerto for Mandolin and Orchestra in D Major 3408:Four Whimsies (mandolin & octave mandolin) 3334:Sonate pour mandoline en ré mineur, Op. 2 n° 2 3029:4 Divertimenti for Mandolin, Violin & B.c. 1780:1897 Advertisement for a Lyon and Healy-made, 644:hybrids with the drum-like body of the louder 6857: 6447: 6445: 6443: 6441: 5878:Artist To Artist: 10 Minutes With Avi Avital. 5818:"Re: Avi Avital and the Arik Kerman mandolin" 5593: 5591: 5589: 5587: 4907:. McGill-Queen's Press – MQUP. pp. 50–. 1761:Modern bowlback mandolin manufactured by the 1715:, while newer instruments tend to use geared 484:. Archtop instruments are common in American 8: 6377: 6375: 6373: 6371: 6369: 6367: 6365: 6363: 6361: 6359: 6357: 6355: 6353: 5789: 5787: 5785: 5613: 5611: 5574: 5572: 5570: 5509: 5507: 5505: 4855:"Radiused vs. flat fingerboard on mandolin?" 4229:Symphony No. 2 "Symphony Of Chorales" (1958) 2553:Parts for mandolin are included in works by 2373:Italian mandolin virtuoso and child prodigy 2250:guitar-shaped mandolin (manufactured by the 2037:incorporates both a tone bar and X-bracing. 37: 6513: 6511: 6509: 6507: 6411: 6409: 6407: 6405: 6403: 6351: 6349: 6347: 6345: 6343: 6341: 6339: 6337: 6335: 6333: 6175: 6173: 6052:"Heavy Metal Electric Mandolin, inventions" 5652: 5650: 5186: 5163: 4709:, edited by Stanley Sadie and others (2001) 4697:, by Sibyl Marcuse (Corrected Edition 1975) 2850:Variations on Kojonotsuki of subject matter 1753:Manufacturers of Neapolitan-style mandolins 1658:, two octaves lower than the mandolin, or C 1320:to the violin, its strings being tuned to C 648:, adding metal resonators (most notably by 6864: 6850: 6842: 6045: 6043: 6041: 3649:Notturno Veneziano Per Quartetto Romantico 6674: 5534: 3779:Sonate pour mandoline en sol, Op. 12 n° 3 3588:Den lille Havfrue (mandolin & guitar) 3158:Such as a duo for the mandolin and guitar 2998:Andante and Variations in D major WoO 44b 2234:1930 National Triolian resonator mandolin 1579:Gibson mando-bass from 1922 advertisement 1527:). For a mandocello tuning using fifths C 1305:Algerian mandole (flatback) from the side 5751: 5749: 5747: 5738: 5701: 5686: 4811: 3788:Sonate pour mandoline en ré, Op. 12 n° 6 3773:Sonate pour mandoline en la, Op. 12 n° 1 3417:Sonatina No. 3 for Mandolin & Violin 6121:"Remembering Mandolin Hero U. Srinivas" 5551:"Thread: Plans of Brescian mandolin..." 4935:Bendamèche, Abdelkader (25 July 2014). 4662: 3760:Venezia Di Notte, Barcarola Op. 9 No. 1 3563:Mandolin Canons (mandolin & guitar) 3429:Op. 59a Sonatina for 2 mandolins (1952) 3377:Sinfonia for 2 Mandolins & Continuo 3337:Sonate pour mandoline en ré, Op. 2 n° 9 3331:Sonate pour mandoline en la, Op. 2 n° 1 2651:Moving Fast Through Autumn Light (2000) 1933:Brescian mandolin or Cremonese mandolin 1800:on display at the Martin Guitar Factory 764:The numbers of Hz shown above assume a 180: 6764:A very comprehensive chord dictionary. 6750:The Mandolin Chord Bible: 2,736 Chords 5578: 5513: 5240: 5174: 4718: 4491:Intermezzo for mandolins and orchestra 3895:Concerto for two mandolinos in G major 3321:Il Carnevale Di Venezia Con Variazioni 3247:Ella Von Adajewska-Schultz (1846–1926) 1267:Neapolitan styled mandocello built to 654:National String Instrument Corporation 357: 36: 6585:. Lanham, Maryland: Scarecrow Press. 5208:"Who are the top classical builders?" 5047:"Thomann Algerian Mondol 10 Standard" 4314:Symphony No. 8, Symphony of Thousands 4112:Mandolin and the Concerto for Strings 4071:Mandolin and the Concerto for Strings 2365:Mandolin playing traditions worldwide 2222:1926 Paramount Style A banjo mandolin 2155:Back in the early 1900s, mandolinist 592:Mandolins have a body that acts as a 387: 27:Musical instrument in the lute family 7: 7172: 6018:"The Irish Tenor Banjo by Don Meade" 3814:, for mandolin and chamber orchestra 3503:Trio for 2 Mandolins & Continuo, 3224:Sonata for mandolin and piano (2002) 3178:Grand Sonata for mandolin and guitar 2814:Variations from Der Fluyten Lust-hof 889:); the same relation as that of the 6623:. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 6495:Ficher, Schleifer & Furman 2002 6479:Ficher, Schleifer & Furman 2002 6119:Tsioulcas, Anastasia (2014-09-25). 5794:Speranski, Victor (November 2014). 5448:Dossena, Luigi (7 September 2014). 3747:Two Pieces for Two Mandolins (2002) 3646:"In Gondola" Ricordi di Mendelssohn 3551:Concerto for two mandolin and piano 1957:Genoese mandolin, a blend of styles 1723:is a movable length of hardwood. A 113:Mid-18th century from the mandolino 6732:. United States: Music Sales Ltd. 6557:from the original on 15 March 2015 5852:. 20 November 2011. Archived from 5763:. 20 November 2011. Archived from 5256:. : R. Leenen and B. Pratt. 2004. 5129:, No. 21 (Spring) 1990, pp. 45–46. 3939:Mandolin Concerto No. 4 in G Major 3936:Mandolin Concerto No. 3 in E Minor 3933:Mandolin Concerto No. 2 in D Major 3930:Mandolin Concerto No. 1 in D Minor 3903:Francisco Rodrigo Arto (Venezuela) 3610:Barcarola Veneziana Di Mendelssohn 3488:Sonata for Mandolin & Continuo 3465:Three Mandolin Duets Op.282 (2005) 3155:Divertimento for mandolin and harp 1409:the entire lower course tuned to C 25: 6724:A comprehensive chord dictionary. 6710:Hal Leonard Mandolin Chord Finder 6545:Adelstein, Samuel (8 June 1893). 6521:Mandolin Music, Beethoven, Hummel 6207:"Gamut Musical Strings Home Page" 5141:The Science of String Instruments 4307:Symphony No. 7, Song of the Night 3947:Gerardo Enrique Dirié (Argentina) 3453:Barbara and Deborah Op.175 (1990) 2061:instruments in the 21st century. 1674:, two octaves below the mandola. 7171: 7162: 7161: 5622:Musical Instruments of the World 4941:abdelkaderbendameche.skyrock.com 4122:"Arc" for mandolin and orchestra 3841:Zohar, Sephardic Concerto (1998) 3414:Six Pantomimes for Two Mandolins 3168:Serenade for mandolin and guitar 3014:The Legend of Princess Noccalula 2227: 2215: 2203: 2093: 2081: 2002: 1990: 1978: 1894: 1879: 1867: 1852: 1789: 1773: 1298: 1286: 1260: 1075: 1063: 1043: 771: 358:Problems playing this file? See 340: 43: 6769:Method and instructional guides 6752:. United Kingdom: Cabot Books. 6239:. Mandozine.com. Archived from 5658:"Mandolin,19th century Italian" 5598:Bortolazzi, Bartolomeo (1805). 5328:from the original on 2019-05-17 5084:American Mando-Bass History 101 3578:Serenade for Viola and Mandolin 3575:3 Duets for Mandolin and Violin 3326:Pietro Gaetano Boni (1686–1741) 2663:The Three Names Of Shiva (1992) 1961:Like the Lombard mandolin, the 778:Other tunings exist, including 84:Hornbostel–Sachs classification 7268:Portuguese musical instruments 7258:Venezuelan musical instruments 6744:A case-style chord dictionary. 6712:. United States: Hal Leonard. 6144:Martin, Douglas (2014-10-01). 5816:Daniel, Bernie; Garber, Jimi. 4901:Lise Winer (16 January 2009). 3359:Barcarola Op. 100 Per Chitarra 3303:Ignazio Bitelli (c. 1880–1956) 2862:Two Episodes for solo mandolin 2844:Variations on Schubert lullaby 2675:Variations on a Theme by Haydn 2312:A solid-body electric mandolin 2274:by John Farris in 1885. Today 1635:preferred to use the ordinary 752:first (highest tone) course: E 1: 7263:Brazilian musical instruments 7253:Ukrainian musical instruments 6570:Dumbrill, Richard J. (1998). 4575:List of mandolinists (sorted) 4132:Suite "positive and negative" 3768:Roberto Valentini (1674–1747) 1826:, Vega, and Larson Brothers. 1293:19th- and 20th-century laouta 807:is the soprano member of the 160: 7233:Japanese musical instruments 7228:American musical instruments 7223:European musical instruments 5990:"Concert artists: Tom Cohen" 5883:, January 2011 by Joe Brent. 5660:. Metropolitan Museum of Art 5143:. Springer. pp. 77–98. 4672:"Mandolins: A Brief History" 4090:Surrealistic Serenade (1985) 4084:Concerto for Mandolin (1985) 4039:Mandolin Concerto in G major 4027:Mandolin Concerto in G major 4024:Mandolin Concerto in C major 3967:Mandolin Concerto in G major 3918:Mandolin Concerto in G Major 3890:Mandolin Concerto in C major 3829:Concerto No. 2 Op.151 (1986) 3477:Paul and Adrian Op.165(1989) 3190:Slovenia wind Dances such as 2977:Sonatine in C minor, WoO 43a 2886:Beautiful my child and where 2874:"Spring has come" Variations 2351:Playing traditions worldwide 2170:Modern mandolinists such as 993:(US and Canada), termed the 412:. It most commonly has four 7238:Italian musical instruments 7218:Mandolin family instruments 7203:Bashkir musical instruments 6676:10.5642/perfpr.199609.02.05 6663:Performance Practice Review 6518:Braunstein, Joseph (1969). 6418:"The Gimo Music Collection" 6182:"The Gimo Music Collection" 5618:Midgley, Ruth, ed. (1997). 4876:Siminoff, Roger H. (2002). 4585:Stringed instrument tunings 3991:Giovanni Battista Pergolesi 2993:Sonatine in C major WoO 44a 2530:Dove guardi splendono raggi 1699:Neapolitan and Roman styles 997:in Britain and Ireland and 925:in Britain and Ireland and 398:stringed musical instrument 334:Oh Little Town of Bethlehem 7314: 7248:German musical instruments 6779:. United States: Mel Bay. 6748:Richards, Tobe A. (2007). 6686:The Art of Mandolin Making 5485:"Milanese Mandolin Makers" 5419:"Japanese Mandolin Makers" 5318:"The Latest from the Shop" 4980:Guitar – Standard Tuning E 4580:List of string instruments 3628:Heinrich Molbe (1835–1915) 2528:accompaniment in the aria 2362: 2125:) and in the Philippines. 1695:", or tater-bug mandolin. 1244:and the 5-course/9-string 1113:. Other tunings include: A 983:A flatback octave mandolin 532: 350:A public domain recording. 29: 7243:Greek musical instruments 7157: 6600:McDonald, Graham (2008). 6524:(Media notes). New York: 6094:(2): 1–15. Archived from 4650:Troise and his Mandoliers 4556:Five Pieces for Orchestra 4162:Mandolin in the orchestra 3661:Medaka, revolving lantern 3605:Giovanni Battista Maldura 3482:Giovani Battista Gervasio 3257:Valentine Abt (1873–1942) 2538:used the mandolin in his 1281:-inch (670 mm) scale 1050:Irish bouzouki played by 678:scientific pitch notation 317: 173: 152: 126:spruce carved-top, bright 75:Plucked string instrument 42: 6807:Mandolin YouTube Channel 6777:Complete Mandolin Method 4469:Variations for Orchestra 4208:Concerto for orchestra 3908:Mandolin Concerto (1984) 3441:Hooperisms Op.181 (1991) 3230:Duo and musical ensemble 3041:Sonata in C major Op. 35 2464:Art or "classical" music 2210:Howe-Ormes mandolinettos 2100:Army-Navy style mandolin 1923:Helmholtz pitch notation 1232:, and is essentially an 698:Helmholtz pitch notation 404:family and is generally 129:flatback, warm or mellow 7298:Lute family instruments 6657:; Sparks, Paul (1996). 6641:; Sparks, Paul (1989). 6574:. London: Tadema Press. 6266:. Lulu. December 2007. 6180:Sandberg, Erik (2002). 5926:"Alon Sariel interview" 5796:"The Russian Embergher" 5187:Tyler & Sparks 1989 5164:Tyler & Sparks 1996 4840:Encyclopædia Britannica 4733:"Mandolin – Neapolitan" 4330:Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart 3729:Sonata in D minor (K90) 3726:Sonata in D minor (K89) 3720:Sonata in G minor (K88) 3717:Sonata in E minor (K81) 3714:Sonata in D minor (K77) 3686:Barcarola Per Mandolino 3097:Mandolin Concerto No. 2 3094:Mandolin Concerto No. 1 3082:Mandolin Concerto No. 1 2963:Accompaniment with solo 2942:Moon and mountain witch 2565:(Romeo and Juliet) and 2514:Deh vieni alla finestra 2147:Double top, double back 2009:1921 Gibson A4 mandolin 559:Mandolins evolved from 535:History of the mandolin 7283:Folk music instruments 7278:Orchestral instruments 6907:Society (Peterborough) 6708:Johnson, Chad (2003). 6621:The Classical Mandolin 6056:maestroalexgregory.com 5254:The Embergher mandolin 4878:The Luthier's Handbook 4759:"Mandolin – flat-back" 4252:George Frideric Handel 4015:Mandolin Concerto in E 3997:Mandolin Concerto in B 2902:Spring snow of ballads 2378: 2360: 2313: 2256:cylinder-back mandolin 2196: 2165:Sistema Ginislao Paris 1766: 1611:—the same tuning as a 1580: 1352: 1343:A mandolone played by 1021:to the violin, or the 984: 862: 795: 589: 556: 380: 326: 242:Angélique (instrument) 158: 123:varies with the type: 6728:Major, James (2002). 6684:Woll, Alfred (2021). 6619:Sparks, Paul (2003). 5881:The Bluegrass Special 4825:Schlesinger, Kathleen 4787:"OM floating bridge?" 4354:The Barber of Seville 4211:25 Concertos Comiques 4033:Johann Nepomuk Hummel 3623:Le Chant Du Gondolier 3274:Chants Des Gondoliers 3143:Polonaise for concert 3134:Gypsy style Capriccio 3035:Johann Nepomuk Hummel 2889:Prayer of the evening 2607:and Duilio Galfetti. 2557:(Variations Op. 31), 2548:Das Lied von der Erde 2423:. More recently, the 2372: 2358: 2311: 2194: 1950:Bartolomeo Bortolazzi 1861:Bartolomeo Bortolazzi 1844:Other bowlback styles 1796:Martin mandolins and 1760: 1578: 1342: 982: 895:western concert flute 860: 793: 704:fourth (lowest tone) 587: 542: 389:[mandoˈliːno] 325: 215:Ancestral instruments 157: 7109:National Reso-Phonic 6791:Instructional guide. 6602:The Mandolin Project 6457:(album back cover). 5027:on 18 September 2016 4570:List of mandolinists 4374:Romance sans paroles 4127:Vladimir Kororutsuku 3163:Norbert Shupuronguru 2970:Ludwig van Beethoven 2767:Heinrich Koniettsuni 2258:manufactured by the 1347:during a concert in 664:through amplifiers. 336:played on mandolins. 7198:Baroque instruments 6730:Mandolin Chord Book 6315:. February 28, 2015 6288:"Mandolin In Japan" 5489:Mandolinluthier.com 5423:Mandolinluthier.com 5399:on 21 December 2014 5293:"Mandolin Glossary" 4676:Mandolinluthier.com 3961:Johann Adolph Hasse 3316:Costantino Bertucci 3252:Venezuelan Serenade 3112:Mazurka for concert 3070:Mazurka for concert 2880:Fantasia second No. 2772:Partita No. 1, etc. 1633:mandolin orchestras 547:played the role of 392:; literally "small 168:Related instruments 39: 7273:String instruments 7013:Resonator mandolin 6916:Family instruments 6902:Playing traditions 6802:The Mandolin World 6702:Chord dictionaries 6688:. Welzheim: Mando. 6645:The Early Mandolin 6422:mutopiaproject.org 6290:. 30 November 2021 6150:The New York Times 5429:on 6 December 2014 4969:Richards, Tobe A. 4605:Bluegrass mandolin 4541:Juditha triumphans 4347:Giovanni Paisiello 4087:Sonatinetta (1984) 4009:Giovanni Paisiello 3708:Domenico Scarlatti 3124:Warsaw of memories 2930:Fantasia first No. 2626:Unaccompanied solo 2459:Notable literature 2379: 2361: 2314: 2294:resonator mandolin 2288:Resonator mandolin 2252:Elias Howe Company 2197: 1767: 1581: 1353: 985: 871:sopranino mandolin 863: 796: 662:electric mandolins 658:resonator mandolin 590: 557: 436:that includes the 327: 159: 7288:Blues instruments 7208:Necked bowl lutes 7185: 7184: 6786:978-0-87166-763-2 6775:Bay, Mel (1987). 6759:978-1-906207-01-4 6739:978-0-8256-2296-0 6719:978-0-634-05422-8 6611:978-0-9804762-0-0 6553:. San Francisco. 5960:"Instrumentarium" 5719:Sobellguitars.com 5324:. 21 April 2019. 5150:978-1-4419-7110-4 5127:American Lutherie 5021:oud.eclipse.co.uk 4914:978-0-7735-7607-0 4887:978-0-634-01468-0 4830:"Mandoline" 4645:Portuguese guitar 4453:Arnold Schoenberg 4413:Festivals of Rome 4404:Ottorino Respighi 4322:Song of the Earth 4180:La finta parigina 4172:Domenico Cimarosa 4144:Mandolin Concerto 4100:Mandolin Concerto 4095:Makino YukariTaka 4059:Mandolin Concerto 4049:Mandolin Concerto 3913:Dominico Caudioso 3871:Giovanni Hoffmann 3732:Sonata in G (K91) 3673:Wired Life (1999) 3569:Giovanni Hoffmann 3516:Giuseppe Giuliano 3494:Sonata per camera 3368:Gioacchino Cocchi 3342:Antonio Del Buono 3292:Emanuele Barbella 3280:Hermann Ambrosius 3106:Song of Nostalgia 3073:Waltz for concert 3067:Spanish Capriccio 3020:Giovanni Hoffmann 2897:Makino YukariTaka 2819:Sakutarō Hagiwara 2796:Sense – structure 2790:Siegfried Behrend 2330:acoustic electric 2318:electric mandolin 2304:Electric mandolin 2183:, and Tom Cohen. 1345:Giuseppe Branzoli 1242:Portuguese guitar 1027:soprano saxophone 660:, and amplifying 602:necked bowl lutes 482:traditional music 467:mandolin and the 369: 368: 345: 262:Chitarra Italiana 70:String instrument 56:String instrument 16:(Redirected from 7305: 7213:Necked box lutes 7175: 7174: 7165: 7164: 6866: 6859: 6852: 6843: 6790: 6763: 6743: 6723: 6689: 6680: 6678: 6650: 6648: 6634: 6615: 6596: 6575: 6566: 6564: 6562: 6551:The Morning Call 6537: 6536: 6534: 6532: 6526:Nonesuch Records 6515: 6502: 6492: 6486: 6476: 6470: 6469: 6467: 6465: 6449: 6436: 6435: 6430: 6428: 6416:Sandberg, Eric. 6413: 6398: 6397: 6395: 6393: 6379: 6328: 6327: 6322: 6320: 6313:Rikuya Terashima 6305: 6299: 6298: 6296: 6295: 6284: 6278: 6277: 6258: 6252: 6251: 6249: 6248: 6233: 6227: 6226: 6224: 6222: 6213:. Archived from 6211:Daniellarson.com 6203: 6197: 6196: 6194: 6192: 6177: 6168: 6167: 6165: 6164: 6141: 6135: 6134: 6132: 6131: 6116: 6110: 6109: 6107: 6106: 6100: 6085: 6076: 6067: 6066: 6064: 6062: 6047: 6036: 6035: 6033: 6031: 6022: 6014: 6008: 6007: 6002: 6000: 5986: 5980: 5979: 5977: 5975: 5966:. Archived from 5956: 5950: 5949: 5943: 5941: 5936:on April 2, 2016 5932:. Archived from 5922: 5916: 5915: 5909: 5907: 5901:mandolincafe.com 5893: 5884: 5875: 5869: 5868: 5863: 5861: 5856:on 3 August 2020 5850:mandolincafe.org 5842: 5836: 5835: 5830: 5828: 5822:mandolincafe.org 5813: 5807: 5806: 5804: 5802: 5791: 5780: 5779: 5774: 5772: 5767:on 3 August 2020 5761:mandolincafe.org 5753: 5742: 5736: 5730: 5729: 5727: 5725: 5711: 5705: 5699: 5690: 5684: 5673: 5672: 5667: 5665: 5654: 5645: 5644: 5625: 5615: 5606: 5605: 5595: 5582: 5576: 5565: 5564: 5562: 5560: 5547: 5538: 5532: 5517: 5511: 5500: 5499: 5497: 5495: 5481: 5468: 5467: 5462: 5460: 5454:cremonaonline.it 5445: 5439: 5438: 5436: 5434: 5425:. Archived from 5415: 5409: 5408: 5406: 5404: 5395:. Archived from 5389: 5383: 5382: 5377:. Archived from 5367: 5361: 5360: 5358: 5356: 5347:. Archived from 5337: 5335: 5333: 5314: 5308: 5307: 5305: 5303: 5297:Mandolincafe.com 5289: 5276: 5275: 5250: 5244: 5238: 5223: 5222: 5220: 5218: 5212:Mandolincafe.com 5204: 5189: 5184: 5178: 5172: 5166: 5161: 5155: 5154: 5136: 5130: 5123: 5117: 5110: 5104: 5103: 5101: 5099: 5090: 5077: 5071: 5070: 5064: 5062: 5053:. Archived from 5051:thomannmusic.com 5043: 5037: 5036: 5034: 5032: 5023:. Archived from 5015:Parfitt, David. 5012: 5006: 5005: 4977: 4966: 4960: 4959: 4954: 4952: 4943:. Archived from 4932: 4926: 4925: 4923: 4921: 4898: 4892: 4891: 4873: 4867: 4866: 4864: 4862: 4851: 4845: 4844: 4832: 4821: 4815: 4809: 4803: 4802: 4800: 4798: 4793:. April 20, 2012 4783: 4777: 4776: 4771: 4769: 4754: 4748: 4747: 4745: 4743: 4728: 4722: 4716: 4710: 4704: 4698: 4692: 4686: 4685: 4683: 4682: 4667: 4477:Niccola Spinelli 4436:Rodion Shchedrin 4396:Romeo and Juliet 4387:Sergei Prokofiev 4277:Le Grand Macabre 4054:Dietrich Erdmann 4020: 4019: 4002: 4001: 3984: 3983: 3973:Leopold Kozeluch 3953:Los ocho puentes 3679:Giuseppe Pettine 3616:Edward Mezzacapo 3546:Positive Hattori 3262:In Venice Waters 3240:musical ensemble 3219:Rikuya Terashima 3214:Light of silence 3196:Dietrich Erdmann 2987: 2986: 2824:Hataoriru maiden 2811:Perpetuum Mobile 2633:Niccolò Paganini 2605:Mauro Squillante 2569:(opus Parts 10) 2396:Giuseppe Pettine 2375:Giuseppe Pettine 2231: 2219: 2207: 2097: 2085: 2056:Pressed archtops 2006: 1994: 1982: 1898: 1887:Giovanni Vailati 1883: 1871: 1856: 1793: 1777: 1744: 1743: 1739: 1736: 1415:reentrant octave 1302: 1290: 1280: 1279: 1275: 1272: 1264: 1079: 1067: 1047: 954: 953: 949: 946: 861:Piccolo mandolin 828: 827: 823: 820: 775: 759: 740: 733:second course: A 729: 718: 618:and pass over a 606:necked box lutes 596:, attached to a 520: 391: 386: 347: 346: 324: 91:(Neapolitan) or 49:Archtop mandolin 47: 40: 21: 7313: 7312: 7308: 7307: 7306: 7304: 7303: 7302: 7188: 7187: 7186: 7181: 7153: 7017: 7003:Octave mandolin 6911: 6875: 6870: 6798: 6787: 6774: 6760: 6747: 6740: 6727: 6720: 6707: 6699: 6697:Further reading 6683: 6653: 6637: 6631: 6618: 6612: 6599: 6593: 6578: 6569: 6560: 6558: 6544: 6541: 6540: 6530: 6528: 6517: 6516: 6505: 6493: 6489: 6477: 6473: 6463: 6461: 6459:Centaur Records 6451: 6450: 6439: 6426: 6424: 6415: 6414: 6401: 6391: 6389: 6381: 6380: 6331: 6318: 6316: 6307: 6306: 6302: 6293: 6291: 6286: 6285: 6281: 6274: 6260: 6259: 6255: 6246: 6244: 6235: 6234: 6230: 6220: 6218: 6217:on 4 April 2010 6205: 6204: 6200: 6190: 6188: 6179: 6178: 6171: 6162: 6160: 6143: 6142: 6138: 6129: 6127: 6118: 6117: 6113: 6104: 6102: 6098: 6083: 6078: 6077: 6070: 6060: 6058: 6050:Gregory, Alex. 6049: 6048: 6039: 6029: 6027: 6025:blarneystar.com 6020: 6016: 6015: 6011: 5998: 5996: 5988: 5987: 5983: 5973: 5971: 5970:on 5 March 2016 5958: 5957: 5953: 5939: 5937: 5930:Mandolin.org.uk 5924: 5923: 5919: 5905: 5903: 5895: 5894: 5887: 5876: 5872: 5859: 5857: 5844: 5843: 5839: 5826: 5824: 5815: 5814: 5810: 5800: 5798: 5793: 5792: 5783: 5770: 5768: 5755: 5754: 5745: 5737: 5733: 5723: 5721: 5713: 5712: 5708: 5700: 5693: 5685: 5676: 5663: 5661: 5656: 5655: 5648: 5638: 5617: 5616: 5609: 5597: 5596: 5585: 5577: 5568: 5558: 5556: 5549: 5548: 5541: 5533: 5520: 5512: 5503: 5493: 5491: 5483: 5482: 5471: 5458: 5456: 5447: 5446: 5442: 5432: 5430: 5417: 5416: 5412: 5402: 5400: 5391: 5390: 5386: 5371:"Grand Concert" 5369: 5368: 5364: 5354: 5352: 5339: 5338: 5331: 5329: 5316: 5315: 5311: 5301: 5299: 5291: 5290: 5279: 5264: 5252: 5251: 5247: 5243:, p. 37–38 5239: 5226: 5216: 5214: 5206: 5205: 5192: 5185: 5181: 5177:, p. 15–16 5173: 5169: 5162: 5158: 5151: 5138: 5137: 5133: 5124: 5120: 5111: 5107: 5097: 5095: 5088: 5079: 5078: 5074: 5060: 5058: 5045: 5044: 5040: 5030: 5028: 5014: 5013: 5009: 5003: 4999: 4995: 4991: 4987: 4983: 4975: 4968: 4967: 4963: 4950: 4948: 4947:on 29 July 2017 4934: 4933: 4929: 4919: 4917: 4915: 4900: 4899: 4895: 4888: 4875: 4874: 4870: 4860: 4858: 4853: 4852: 4848: 4823: 4822: 4818: 4810: 4806: 4796: 4794: 4785: 4784: 4780: 4767: 4765: 4756: 4755: 4751: 4741: 4739: 4730: 4729: 4725: 4717: 4713: 4705: 4701: 4693: 4689: 4680: 4678: 4669: 4668: 4664: 4659: 4654: 4615:Octave Mandolin 4565: 4560: 4532:Antonio Vivaldi 4498:Igor Stravinsky 4421:Antonio Salieri 4410:Symphonic poem 4261:Alexander Balus 4202:Michel Corrette 4164: 4159: 4065:Herbert Baumann 4017: 4016: 3999: 3998: 3981: 3980: 3883:Antonio Vivaldi 3796: 3791: 3702:Du edge Martino 3594:Peter Machajdík 3526:Geoffrey Gordon 3393:Au Fil De L'Eau 3353:Raffaele Calace 3232: 3227: 3173:Franco Marugora 3137:Fantastic Waltz 3129:Enrico Marcelli 3088:Raffaele Calace 3079:Aria Varia data 2984: 2983: 2965: 2960: 2914:In early spring 2778:Herbert Baumann 2723:Raffaele Calace 2628: 2612:Morishige Takei 2599:, Carlo Aonzo, 2593:Giuseppe Anedda 2480:Gimo collection 2466: 2461: 2451:. The musician 2443:, and American 2400:Raffaele Calace 2367: 2353: 2324:. They come in 2322:electric guitar 2306: 2290: 2268: 2244: 2239: 2238: 2237: 2236: 2235: 2232: 2224: 2223: 2220: 2212: 2211: 2208: 2189: 2161:Luigi Embergher 2149: 2141: 2105: 2104: 2103: 2102: 2101: 2098: 2090: 2089: 2086: 2075: 2058: 2050:Larson Brothers 2014: 2013: 2012: 2011: 2010: 2007: 1999: 1998: 1995: 1987: 1986: 1983: 1972: 1959: 1942:mandolin method 1935: 1906: 1905: 1904: 1903: 1902: 1899: 1891: 1890: 1884: 1876: 1875: 1872: 1864: 1863: 1857: 1846: 1805: 1804: 1803: 1802: 1801: 1794: 1786: 1785: 1778: 1765:family workshop 1755: 1741: 1737: 1734: 1732: 1731:instead of the 1701: 1685: 1680: 1673: 1669: 1665: 1661: 1657: 1653: 1649: 1645: 1630: 1626: 1622: 1618: 1610: 1606: 1602: 1598: 1593:perfect fourths 1573: 1566: 1562: 1558: 1554: 1550: 1546: 1542: 1538: 1534: 1530: 1526: 1522: 1518: 1514: 1510: 1506: 1502: 1498: 1494: 1490: 1486: 1482: 1478: 1474: 1470: 1466: 1462: 1458: 1454: 1450: 1446: 1442: 1438: 1434: 1412: 1407: 1403: 1399: 1395: 1391: 1387: 1383: 1379: 1335: 1331: 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7270: 7265: 7260: 7255: 7250: 7245: 7240: 7235: 7230: 7225: 7220: 7215: 7210: 7205: 7200: 7190: 7189: 7183: 7182: 7180: 7179: 7169: 7158: 7155: 7154: 7152: 7151: 7146: 7141: 7136: 7131: 7126: 7121: 7116: 7111: 7106: 7101: 7096: 7091: 7086: 7081: 7076: 7071: 7066: 7061: 7056: 7051: 7046: 7041: 7036: 7031: 7025: 7023: 7019: 7018: 7016: 7015: 7010: 7005: 7000: 6995: 6990: 6985: 6980: 6978:Mandolin-banjo 6975: 6970: 6965: 6960: 6955: 6953:Irish bouzouki 6950: 6945: 6940: 6935: 6930: 6925: 6919: 6917: 6913: 6912: 6910: 6909: 6904: 6899: 6894: 6889: 6883: 6881: 6880:General topics 6877: 6876: 6871: 6869: 6868: 6861: 6854: 6846: 6840: 6839: 6834: 6829: 6824: 6819: 6814: 6809: 6804: 6797: 6796:External links 6794: 6793: 6792: 6785: 6766: 6765: 6758: 6745: 6738: 6725: 6718: 6698: 6695: 6694: 6693: 6681: 6669:(2): 166–177. 6651: 6635: 6629: 6616: 6610: 6597: 6591: 6576: 6567: 6539: 6538: 6503: 6487: 6471: 6437: 6399: 6329: 6300: 6279: 6272: 6253: 6228: 6198: 6169: 6136: 6111: 6068: 6037: 6009: 5981: 5951: 5917: 5885: 5870: 5837: 5808: 5781: 5743: 5731: 5706: 5691: 5674: 5646: 5636: 5607: 5583: 5566: 5539: 5535:Adelstein 1893 5518: 5501: 5469: 5440: 5410: 5384: 5381:on 2015-11-25. 5362: 5309: 5277: 5262: 5245: 5224: 5190: 5179: 5167: 5156: 5149: 5131: 5118: 5105: 5093:Mandolin.co.uk 5072: 5038: 5007: 5001: 4997: 4993: 4989: 4985: 4981: 4961: 4927: 4913: 4893: 4886: 4868: 4846: 4835:Chisholm, Hugh 4816: 4804: 4778: 4757:Roger Vetter. 4749: 4731:Roger Vetter. 4723: 4721:, pp. 3–4 4711: 4699: 4687: 4661: 4660: 4658: 4655: 4653: 4652: 4647: 4642: 4640:Irish bouzouki 4637: 4632: 4627: 4622: 4617: 4612: 4607: 4602: 4600:Greek bouzouki 4597: 4592: 4587: 4582: 4577: 4572: 4566: 4564: 4561: 4559: 4558: 4552: 4551: 4545: 4544: 4535: 4534: 4528: 4527: 4518: 4517: 4515:Giuseppe Verdi 4511: 4510: 4501: 4500: 4494: 4493: 4480: 4479: 4473: 4472: 4465: 4462:Moses und Aron 4456: 4455: 4449: 4448: 4439: 4438: 4432: 4431: 4424: 4423: 4417: 4416: 4407: 4406: 4400: 4399: 4390: 4389: 4383: 4382: 4381:Symphony No. 3 4379: 4378:Symphony No. 2 4376: 4371: 4364: 4363: 4357: 4356: 4350: 4349: 4343: 4342: 4333: 4332: 4326: 4325: 4317: 4310: 4302: 4301: 4295: 4294: 4287: 4286: 4280: 4279: 4272: 4271: 4265: 4264: 4255: 4254: 4248: 4247: 4243:L'Amant jaloux 4238: 4237: 4231: 4230: 4226: 4225: 4219: 4218: 4205: 4204: 4198: 4197: 4190: 4189: 4183: 4182: 4175: 4174: 4168: 4163: 4160: 4158: 4157: 4153: 4152: 4146: 4145: 4141: 4140: 4134: 4133: 4129: 4128: 4124: 4123: 4119: 4118: 4114: 4113: 4109: 4108: 4102: 4101: 4097: 4096: 4092: 4091: 4088: 4085: 4081: 4080: 4073: 4072: 4068: 4067: 4061: 4060: 4056: 4055: 4051: 4050: 4046: 4045: 4044:Armin Kaufmann 4041: 4040: 4036: 4035: 4029: 4028: 4025: 4022: 4012: 4011: 4005: 4004: 3994: 3993: 3987: 3986: 3976: 3975: 3969: 3968: 3964: 3963: 3957: 3956: 3949: 3948: 3944: 3943: 3940: 3937: 3934: 3931: 3927: 3926: 3920: 3919: 3915: 3914: 3910: 3909: 3905: 3904: 3900: 3899: 3896: 3893: 3886: 3885: 3879: 3878: 3874: 3873: 3867: 3866: 3862: 3861: 3859:Caroline Szeto 3855: 3854: 3850: 3849: 3843: 3842: 3838: 3837: 3831: 3830: 3827: 3823: 3822: 3816: 3815: 3808: 3807: 3801: 3795: 3792: 3790: 3789: 3786: 3783: 3780: 3777: 3774: 3770: 3769: 3765: 3764: 3761: 3757: 3756: 3753:Sergeij Taneev 3749: 3748: 3745: 3741: 3740: 3734: 3733: 3730: 3727: 3724: 3721: 3718: 3715: 3711: 3710: 3704: 3703: 3699: 3698: 3688: 3687: 3683: 3682: 3675: 3674: 3670: 3669: 3663: 3662: 3658: 3657: 3651: 3650: 3647: 3643: 3642: 3635: 3634: 3630: 3629: 3625: 3624: 3620: 3619: 3612: 3611: 3607: 3606: 3602: 3601: 3597: 3596: 3590: 3589: 3585: 3584: 3580: 3579: 3576: 3572: 3571: 3565: 3564: 3560: 3559: 3553: 3552: 3548: 3547: 3543: 3542: 3538: 3537: 3536:Addiego Guerra 3533: 3532: 3528: 3527: 3523: 3522: 3518: 3517: 3513: 3512: 3509: 3506: 3500: 3497: 3491: 3484: 3483: 3479: 3478: 3474: 3473: 3467: 3466: 3462: 3461: 3455: 3454: 3450: 3449: 3443: 3442: 3438: 3437: 3431: 3430: 3426: 3425: 3419: 3418: 3415: 3412: 3409: 3406: 3402: 3401: 3395: 3394: 3390: 3389: 3383: 3382: 3381: 3380: 3371: 3370: 3364: 3363: 3360: 3356: 3355: 3349: 3348: 3344: 3343: 3339: 3338: 3335: 3332: 3328: 3327: 3323: 3322: 3318: 3317: 3313: 3312: 3309: 3305: 3304: 3300: 3299: 3295: 3294: 3288: 3287: 3283: 3282: 3276: 3275: 3271: 3270: 3264: 3263: 3259: 3258: 3254: 3253: 3249: 3248: 3244: 3231: 3228: 3226: 3225: 3221: 3220: 3216: 3215: 3211: 3210: 3204: 3203: 3199: 3198: 3192: 3191: 3187: 3186: 3180: 3179: 3175: 3174: 3170: 3169: 3165: 3164: 3160: 3159: 3156: 3152: 3151: 3145: 3144: 3141: 3138: 3135: 3131: 3130: 3126: 3125: 3121: 3120: 3118:Silvio Ranieri 3114: 3113: 3110: 3107: 3104: 3101: 3098: 3095: 3091: 3090: 3084: 3083: 3080: 3077: 3074: 3071: 3068: 3064: 3063: 3057: 3056: 3050: 3049: 3047:Vittorio Monti 3043: 3042: 3038: 3037: 3031: 3030: 3027: 3023: 3022: 3016: 3015: 3012: 3011:Dioces aztecas 3008: 3007: 3001: 3000: 2995: 2990: 2979: 2973: 2972: 2966: 2964: 2961: 2959: 2958: 2955: 2952: 2949: 2946: 2943: 2939: 2938: 2936:Yasuo Kuwahara 2932: 2931: 2928: 2925: 2921: 2920: 2919:Takashi Kubota 2916: 2915: 2911: 2910: 2904: 2903: 2899: 2898: 2894: 2893: 2890: 2887: 2884: 2881: 2878: 2875: 2871: 2870: 2864: 2863: 2859: 2858: 2852: 2851: 2848: 2845: 2841: 2840: 2839:Seiichi Suzuki 2836: 2835: 2831: 2830: 2826: 2825: 2821: 2820: 2816: 2815: 2812: 2809: 2805: 2804: 2798: 2797: 2793: 2792: 2786: 2785: 2784:Sonatine, etc. 2781: 2780: 2774: 2773: 2769: 2768: 2764: 2763: 2762:Minuet of rose 2760: 2757: 2754: 2751: 2750:Prelude No. 15 2748: 2747:Prelude No. 14 2745: 2744:Prelude No. 11 2742: 2741:Prelude No. 10 2739: 2736: 2733: 2730: 2726: 2725: 2719: 2718: 2715: 2712: 2709: 2706: 2703: 2700: 2697: 2694: 2691: 2687: 2686: 2680: 2679: 2678:Song of summer 2676: 2672: 2671: 2669:Silvio Ranieri 2665: 2664: 2660: 2659: 2653: 2652: 2648: 2647: 2641: 2640: 2636: 2635: 2629: 2627: 2624: 2616:Yasuo Kuwahara 2544:Symphony No. 8 2540:Symphony No. 7 2497:mandolin music 2465: 2462: 2460: 2457: 2449:Carnatic music 2413:old-time music 2404:Silvio Ranieri 2388:Zupforchestern 2386:or in Germany 2363:Main article: 2352: 2349: 2305: 2302: 2300:and National. 2289: 2286: 2281:mandolin-banjo 2267: 2266:Mandolin-banjo 2264: 2243: 2240: 2233: 2226: 2225: 2221: 2214: 2213: 2209: 2202: 2201: 2200: 2199: 2198: 2188: 2185: 2157:Ginislao Paris 2148: 2145: 2140: 2137: 2099: 2092: 2091: 2087: 2080: 2079: 2078: 2077: 2076: 2074: 2071: 2057: 2054: 2046:Lyon and Healy 2019:Orville Gibson 2008: 2001: 2000: 1996: 1989: 1988: 1984: 1977: 1976: 1975: 1974: 1973: 1971: 1968: 1958: 1955: 1934: 1931: 1900: 1893: 1892: 1885: 1878: 1877: 1873: 1866: 1865: 1858: 1851: 1850: 1849: 1848: 1847: 1845: 1842: 1820:Lyon and Healy 1795: 1788: 1787: 1784:brand mandolin 1779: 1772: 1771: 1770: 1769: 1768: 1754: 1751: 1700: 1697: 1684: 1681: 1679: 1676: 1671: 1667: 1663: 1659: 1655: 1651: 1647: 1643: 1628: 1624: 1620: 1616: 1608: 1604: 1600: 1596: 1572: 1569: 1564: 1560: 1556: 1552: 1548: 1544: 1540: 1536: 1532: 1528: 1524: 1520: 1516: 1512: 1508: 1504: 1500: 1496: 1492: 1488: 1484: 1480: 1476: 1472: 1468: 1464: 1460: 1456: 1452: 1448: 1444: 1440: 1436: 1432: 1410: 1405: 1401: 1397: 1393: 1389: 1385: 1381: 1377: 1333: 1329: 1325: 1321: 1304: 1297: 1296: 1292: 1285: 1284: 1266: 1259: 1258: 1257: 1256: 1255: 1253: 1250: 1234:octave mandola 1229: 1225: 1221: 1217: 1213: 1209: 1205: 1201: 1197: 1193: 1174: 1170: 1166: 1162: 1158: 1154: 1150: 1146: 1142: 1138: 1134: 1130: 1126: 1122: 1118: 1114: 1110: 1106: 1102: 1098: 1095:Greek bouzouki 1091:Irish bouzouki 1081: 1074: 1073: 1069: 1062: 1061: 1052:Beth Patterson 1049: 1042: 1041: 1040: 1039: 1038: 1014: 1010: 1006: 1002: 995:octave mandola 976: 973: 968: 964: 960: 956: 914: 911: 886: 882: 878: 874: 854: 851: 846: 842: 838: 834: 800: 797: 787: 784: 762: 761: 758:659.25 Hz 753: 750: 739:440.00 Hz 734: 731: 728:293.66 Hz 723: 720: 709: 700:: g–d′–a′–e″. 693: 689: 685: 681: 669: 666: 642:mandolin-banjo 581: 578: 571:or mandola in 553:Mozart's opera 533:Main article: 530: 527: 463:mandolin, the 426:perfect fifths 367: 366: 355: 349: 339: 331: 330: 329: 320: 319: 318: 315: 314: 310: 309: 307: 306: 305: 304: 299: 294: 289: 284: 279: 274: 272:Irish bouzouki 269: 264: 259: 254: 249: 244: 239: 234: 229: 228: 227: 222: 212: 211: 210: 205: 200: 195: 190: 176: 175: 174: 171: 170: 164: 163: 150: 149: 143: 142: 139: 133: 132: 131: 130: 127: 121: 115: 114: 111: 107: 106: 86: 80: 79: 78: 77: 72: 65: 63:Classification 59: 58: 52: 51: 48: 26: 24: 14: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 7310: 7299: 7296: 7294: 7291: 7289: 7286: 7284: 7281: 7279: 7276: 7274: 7271: 7269: 7266: 7264: 7261: 7259: 7256: 7254: 7251: 7249: 7246: 7244: 7241: 7239: 7236: 7234: 7231: 7229: 7226: 7224: 7221: 7219: 7216: 7214: 7211: 7209: 7206: 7204: 7201: 7199: 7196: 7195: 7193: 7178: 7170: 7168: 7160: 7159: 7156: 7150: 7147: 7145: 7142: 7140: 7137: 7135: 7132: 7130: 7127: 7125: 7122: 7120: 7117: 7115: 7114:Oscar Schmidt 7112: 7110: 7107: 7105: 7102: 7100: 7099:Michael Kelly 7097: 7095: 7092: 7090: 7087: 7085: 7082: 7080: 7077: 7075: 7072: 7070: 7067: 7065: 7062: 7060: 7057: 7055: 7052: 7050: 7047: 7045: 7042: 7040: 7037: 7035: 7032: 7030: 7027: 7026: 7024: 7022:Manufacturers 7020: 7014: 7011: 7009: 7006: 7004: 7001: 6999: 6996: 6994: 6991: 6989: 6986: 6984: 6981: 6979: 6976: 6974: 6971: 6969: 6966: 6964: 6961: 6959: 6956: 6954: 6951: 6949: 6946: 6944: 6941: 6939: 6936: 6934: 6931: 6929: 6926: 6924: 6921: 6920: 6918: 6914: 6908: 6905: 6903: 6900: 6898: 6895: 6893: 6892:North America 6890: 6888: 6885: 6884: 6882: 6878: 6874: 6867: 6862: 6860: 6855: 6853: 6848: 6847: 6844: 6838: 6835: 6833: 6830: 6828: 6825: 6823: 6820: 6818: 6815: 6813: 6810: 6808: 6805: 6803: 6800: 6799: 6795: 6788: 6782: 6778: 6773: 6772: 6771: 6770: 6761: 6755: 6751: 6746: 6741: 6735: 6731: 6726: 6721: 6715: 6711: 6706: 6705: 6704: 6703: 6696: 6692: 6687: 6682: 6677: 6672: 6668: 6664: 6660: 6656: 6652: 6647: 6646: 6640: 6636: 6632: 6630:9780195173376 6626: 6622: 6617: 6613: 6607: 6603: 6598: 6594: 6592:9781461669111 6588: 6584: 6583: 6577: 6573: 6568: 6556: 6552: 6548: 6543: 6542: 6527: 6523: 6522: 6514: 6512: 6510: 6508: 6504: 6500: 6496: 6491: 6488: 6484: 6480: 6475: 6472: 6460: 6456: 6455: 6448: 6446: 6444: 6442: 6438: 6434: 6423: 6419: 6412: 6410: 6408: 6406: 6404: 6400: 6388: 6384: 6378: 6376: 6374: 6372: 6370: 6368: 6366: 6364: 6362: 6360: 6358: 6356: 6354: 6352: 6350: 6348: 6346: 6344: 6342: 6340: 6338: 6336: 6334: 6330: 6326: 6314: 6310: 6304: 6301: 6289: 6283: 6280: 6275: 6273:9780615182254 6269: 6265: 6264: 6257: 6254: 6243:on 2012-06-19 6242: 6238: 6232: 6229: 6216: 6212: 6208: 6202: 6199: 6187: 6183: 6176: 6174: 6170: 6159: 6155: 6151: 6147: 6140: 6137: 6126: 6122: 6115: 6112: 6101:on 2015-04-02 6097: 6093: 6089: 6082: 6075: 6073: 6069: 6061:September 13, 6057: 6053: 6046: 6044: 6042: 6038: 6026: 6019: 6013: 6010: 6006: 5995: 5994:frusion.co.uk 5991: 5985: 5982: 5969: 5965: 5961: 5955: 5952: 5948: 5935: 5931: 5927: 5921: 5918: 5914: 5902: 5898: 5892: 5890: 5886: 5882: 5879: 5874: 5871: 5867: 5855: 5851: 5847: 5841: 5838: 5834: 5823: 5819: 5812: 5809: 5797: 5790: 5788: 5786: 5782: 5778: 5766: 5762: 5758: 5752: 5750: 5748: 5744: 5740: 5739:McDonald 2008 5735: 5732: 5720: 5716: 5710: 5707: 5703: 5702:McDonald 2008 5698: 5696: 5692: 5688: 5687:McDonald 2008 5683: 5681: 5679: 5675: 5671: 5659: 5653: 5651: 5647: 5643: 5639: 5637:0-8069-9847-4 5633: 5629: 5624: 5623: 5614: 5612: 5608: 5603: 5602: 5594: 5592: 5590: 5588: 5584: 5581:, p. 205 5580: 5575: 5573: 5571: 5567: 5555: 5554:Mandolin Cafe 5552: 5546: 5544: 5540: 5536: 5531: 5529: 5527: 5525: 5523: 5519: 5516:, p. 206 5515: 5510: 5508: 5506: 5502: 5490: 5486: 5480: 5478: 5476: 5474: 5470: 5466: 5455: 5451: 5444: 5441: 5428: 5424: 5420: 5414: 5411: 5398: 5394: 5388: 5385: 5380: 5376: 5372: 5366: 5363: 5351:on 2018-06-30 5350: 5346: 5342: 5327: 5323: 5319: 5313: 5310: 5298: 5294: 5288: 5286: 5284: 5282: 5278: 5273: 5269: 5265: 5259: 5255: 5249: 5246: 5242: 5237: 5235: 5233: 5231: 5229: 5225: 5213: 5209: 5203: 5201: 5199: 5197: 5195: 5191: 5188: 5183: 5180: 5176: 5171: 5168: 5165: 5160: 5157: 5152: 5146: 5142: 5135: 5132: 5128: 5122: 5119: 5115: 5109: 5106: 5094: 5087: 5085: 5080:Ruppa, Paul. 5076: 5073: 5069: 5057:on 2017-07-29 5056: 5052: 5048: 5042: 5039: 5026: 5022: 5018: 5017:"Arab tuning" 5011: 5008: 5004: 4978:. p. 4. 4974: 4973: 4965: 4962: 4958: 4946: 4942: 4938: 4931: 4928: 4916: 4910: 4906: 4905: 4897: 4894: 4889: 4883: 4879: 4872: 4869: 4857:. May 3, 2010 4856: 4850: 4847: 4842: 4841: 4836: 4831: 4826: 4820: 4817: 4813: 4812:McDonald 2008 4808: 4805: 4792: 4791:Mandolin Cafe 4788: 4782: 4779: 4775: 4764: 4760: 4753: 4750: 4738: 4734: 4727: 4724: 4720: 4715: 4712: 4708: 4703: 4700: 4696: 4691: 4688: 4677: 4673: 4666: 4663: 4656: 4651: 4648: 4646: 4643: 4641: 4638: 4636: 4633: 4631: 4628: 4626: 4623: 4621: 4618: 4616: 4613: 4611: 4608: 4606: 4603: 4601: 4598: 4596: 4593: 4591: 4588: 4586: 4583: 4581: 4578: 4576: 4573: 4571: 4568: 4567: 4562: 4557: 4554: 4553: 4550: 4547: 4546: 4543: 4542: 4537: 4536: 4533: 4530: 4529: 4526: 4525: 4520: 4519: 4516: 4513: 4512: 4509: 4508: 4504:Ballet music 4503: 4502: 4499: 4496: 4495: 4492: 4488: 4487: 4486:A Basso Porto 4482: 4481: 4478: 4475: 4474: 4471: 4470: 4466: 4464: 4463: 4458: 4457: 4454: 4451: 4450: 4447: 4446: 4445:Anna Karenina 4442:Ballet music 4441: 4440: 4437: 4434: 4433: 4430:(Paris, 1787) 4429: 4426: 4425: 4422: 4419: 4418: 4415: 4414: 4409: 4408: 4405: 4402: 4401: 4398: 4397: 4393:Ballet music 4392: 4391: 4388: 4385: 4384: 4380: 4377: 4375: 4372: 4370: 4366: 4365: 4362: 4361:Willem Pijper 4359: 4358: 4355: 4352: 4351: 4348: 4345: 4344: 4341: 4340: 4335: 4334: 4331: 4328: 4327: 4324: 4323: 4318: 4316: 4315: 4311: 4309: 4308: 4304: 4303: 4300: 4299:Gustav Mahler 4297: 4296: 4293: 4289: 4288: 4285: 4284:Bruno Maderna 4282: 4281: 4278: 4274: 4273: 4270: 4269:György Ligeti 4267: 4266: 4263: 4262: 4257: 4256: 4253: 4250: 4249: 4246:(Paris, 1778) 4245: 4244: 4240: 4239: 4236: 4233: 4232: 4228: 4227: 4224: 4221: 4220: 4217: 4213: 4212: 4207: 4206: 4203: 4200: 4199: 4196: 4192: 4191: 4188: 4185: 4184: 4181: 4177: 4176: 4173: 4170: 4169: 4167: 4161: 4155: 4154: 4151: 4150:Gilad Hochman 4148: 4147: 4143: 4142: 4139: 4136: 4135: 4131: 4130: 4126: 4125: 4121: 4120: 4116: 4115: 4111: 4110: 4107: 4104: 4103: 4099: 4098: 4094: 4093: 4089: 4086: 4083: 4082: 4078: 4075: 4074: 4070: 4069: 4066: 4063: 4062: 4058: 4057: 4053: 4052: 4048: 4047: 4043: 4042: 4038: 4037: 4034: 4031: 4030: 4026: 4023: 4014: 4013: 4010: 4007: 4006: 3996: 3995: 3992: 3989: 3988: 3978: 3977: 3974: 3971: 3970: 3966: 3965: 3962: 3959: 3958: 3954: 3951: 3950: 3946: 3945: 3941: 3938: 3935: 3932: 3929: 3928: 3925: 3922: 3921: 3917: 3916: 3912: 3911: 3907: 3906: 3902: 3901: 3897: 3894: 3891: 3888: 3887: 3884: 3881: 3880: 3876: 3875: 3872: 3869: 3868: 3864: 3863: 3860: 3857: 3856: 3852: 3851: 3848: 3845: 3844: 3840: 3839: 3836: 3833: 3832: 3828: 3825: 3824: 3821: 3818: 3817: 3813: 3812:Three Sisters 3810: 3809: 3806: 3803: 3802: 3800: 3793: 3787: 3784: 3781: 3778: 3775: 3772: 3771: 3767: 3766: 3762: 3759: 3758: 3754: 3751: 3750: 3746: 3743: 3742: 3739: 3736: 3735: 3731: 3728: 3725: 3722: 3719: 3716: 3713: 3712: 3709: 3706: 3705: 3701: 3700: 3697: 3693: 3690: 3689: 3685: 3684: 3680: 3677: 3676: 3672: 3671: 3668: 3667:John Peterson 3665: 3664: 3660: 3659: 3656: 3653: 3652: 3648: 3645: 3644: 3640: 3637: 3636: 3632: 3631: 3627: 3626: 3622: 3621: 3617: 3614: 3613: 3609: 3608: 3604: 3603: 3599: 3598: 3595: 3592: 3591: 3587: 3586: 3582: 3581: 3577: 3574: 3573: 3570: 3567: 3566: 3562: 3561: 3558: 3555: 3554: 3550: 3549: 3545: 3544: 3540: 3539: 3535: 3534: 3530: 3529: 3525: 3524: 3520: 3519: 3515: 3514: 3510: 3507: 3504: 3501: 3498: 3495: 3492: 3489: 3486: 3485: 3481: 3480: 3476: 3475: 3472: 3469: 3468: 3464: 3463: 3460: 3457: 3456: 3452: 3451: 3448: 3445: 3444: 3440: 3439: 3436: 3433: 3432: 3428: 3427: 3424: 3421: 3420: 3416: 3413: 3410: 3407: 3404: 3403: 3400: 3397: 3396: 3392: 3391: 3388: 3385: 3384: 3378: 3375: 3374: 3373: 3372: 3369: 3366: 3365: 3361: 3358: 3357: 3354: 3351: 3350: 3346: 3345: 3341: 3340: 3336: 3333: 3330: 3329: 3325: 3324: 3320: 3319: 3315: 3314: 3310: 3307: 3306: 3302: 3301: 3297: 3296: 3293: 3290: 3289: 3285: 3284: 3281: 3278: 3277: 3273: 3272: 3269: 3268:Charles Acton 3266: 3265: 3261: 3260: 3256: 3255: 3251: 3250: 3246: 3245: 3243: 3241: 3237: 3229: 3223: 3222: 3218: 3217: 3213: 3212: 3209: 3206: 3205: 3201: 3200: 3197: 3194: 3193: 3189: 3188: 3185: 3182: 3181: 3177: 3176: 3172: 3171: 3167: 3166: 3162: 3161: 3157: 3154: 3153: 3150: 3147: 3146: 3142: 3139: 3136: 3133: 3132: 3128: 3127: 3123: 3122: 3119: 3116: 3115: 3111: 3108: 3105: 3102: 3099: 3096: 3093: 3092: 3089: 3086: 3085: 3081: 3078: 3075: 3072: 3069: 3066: 3065: 3062: 3059: 3058: 3055: 3052: 3051: 3048: 3045: 3044: 3040: 3039: 3036: 3033: 3032: 3028: 3025: 3024: 3021: 3018: 3017: 3013: 3010: 3009: 3006: 3003: 3002: 2999: 2996: 2994: 2991: 2989: 2988:major WoO 43b 2980: 2978: 2975: 2974: 2971: 2968: 2967: 2962: 2956: 2953: 2950: 2947: 2944: 2941: 2940: 2937: 2934: 2933: 2929: 2926: 2923: 2922: 2918: 2917: 2913: 2912: 2909: 2906: 2905: 2901: 2900: 2896: 2895: 2891: 2888: 2885: 2882: 2879: 2876: 2873: 2872: 2869: 2866: 2865: 2861: 2860: 2857: 2856:Gilad Hochman 2854: 2853: 2849: 2846: 2843: 2842: 2838: 2837: 2833: 2832: 2828: 2827: 2823: 2822: 2818: 2817: 2813: 2810: 2808:The Gray Wolf 2807: 2806: 2803: 2800: 2799: 2795: 2794: 2791: 2788: 2787: 2783: 2782: 2779: 2776: 2775: 2771: 2770: 2766: 2765: 2761: 2758: 2755: 2753:Large prelude 2752: 2749: 2746: 2743: 2740: 2738:Prelude No. 5 2737: 2735:Prelude No. 3 2734: 2732:Prelude No. 2 2731: 2729:Prelude No. 1 2728: 2727: 2724: 2721: 2720: 2717:Cadenza No.11 2716: 2714:Cadenza No.10 2713: 2710: 2707: 2704: 2701: 2698: 2695: 2692: 2689: 2688: 2685: 2682: 2681: 2677: 2674: 2673: 2670: 2667: 2666: 2662: 2661: 2658: 2655: 2654: 2650: 2649: 2646: 2645:John Peterson 2643: 2642: 2638: 2637: 2634: 2631: 2630: 2625: 2623: 2619: 2617: 2613: 2608: 2606: 2602: 2598: 2594: 2589: 2587: 2583: 2579: 2575: 2570: 2568: 2564: 2560: 2556: 2551: 2549: 2545: 2541: 2537: 2536:Gustav Mahler 2533: 2531: 2527: 2523: 2519: 2515: 2511: 2507: 2506: 2500: 2498: 2494: 2490: 2487: 2483: 2481: 2475: 2472: 2463: 2458: 2456: 2454: 2450: 2446: 2442: 2438: 2434: 2430: 2426: 2422: 2418: 2414: 2410: 2405: 2401: 2397: 2393: 2389: 2385: 2384:Estudiantinas 2376: 2371: 2366: 2357: 2350: 2348: 2346: 2342: 2339: 2333: 2331: 2327: 2323: 2319: 2310: 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