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most likely through trading sea-route. Meanwhile the population of the central part of the island adheres of traditional beliefs and later mixed with catholicism. This is because under the agreement of 1783 between Sultan
Abdulkadim of Bima and dalu of Manggarai, muslim citizens including children of
284:
princess called Daeng Tamima was married into the Bima royalty, and founded Reo on the coast. Under Bima
Sultanate, the region was divided to systems of tributary kings called Kedaluan and Gelarang. Meanwhile the sultanate representatives were rulers of Reo and Pota which used the title
542:
system, and historically they lived in villages consisted of at least two clans. This system was already practiced by communities of Todo, Bajo and Cibal. Later on, the Bima
Sultanate organized this system into 39 kedaluans (chiefdoms), each led by a ruler called
667:, legumes, vegetables, tobacco, coffee and corn). Animal husbandry is widespread (buffaloes are bred for socially significant animal ceremonies, horses are kept as packs transportation, pigs and chickens). Manggarai people do not hunt nor do they fish.
385:
Traditional beliefs of settlements in the central part of the island include the cult of the supreme creator god, Mori
Karaeng, a form of ancestral worship. Massive celebrations are held by the priest to sacrifice buffalos
454:
Initially, the traditional clothing consist of two pieces of fabric, reinforced in front and behind with a cord at the waist and hips. Modern clothing are of the same type as mainstream
Indonesian.
51:
328:. The 5 dialect groups are Western Manggarai, Central West Manggarai, Central Manggarai, East Manggarai and Far East Manggarai. The latter, separated from other dialects by the
1531:
400:
The
Manggarai people are known to have series of ritual as a thanksgiving for the life that has been given to them to live in a certain time period. Among others are:-
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genus and megalithic structures are found. In the past, a settlement could consist of one large house, which could hold up to 200 people. In modern settlements,
382:
mix marriages, were prohibited to live in the
Kedaluan areas and only able to live in coastal area such as Reo, Pota, Bari, Gunung Tallo, and Nangalili.
264:
One of the early state formation in
Manggarai in the 17th century was the formation of the tribal kingdom of Todo, whose first king was called Mashur of
356:
324:, a language with around 43 sub-dialects divided into 5 dialect groups which is very distinct from the languages of ethnic groups to the east and from
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Distribution of handicrafts are such as carving, metalworking and weaving. They also engage in manual tropical farming (they switched from
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ruled Reo and Pota, they historically had higher ranking than dalu and were intermediaries between the dalu and Sultan. At the head of the
579:), that ascended from the first settlers. Family relationships are based on the patrilineal line. The Manggarai people recognizes several
861:
2716:
1517:
1456:
Between colonial legacies and grassroots movements: exploring cultural heritage practice in the Ngadha and
Manggarai Region of Flores
640:
usually has from 5 to 20 homes of round or oval shape on stilts, with a high (about 9 meters) conical roof descending to the ground.
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1312:
1287:
1262:
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839:
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762:
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Arts of the South Seas: island
Southeast Asia, Melanesia, Polynesia, Micronesia ; the collections of the Musée Barbier-Mueller
1023:
Arts of the South Seas: island Southeast Asia, Melanesia, Polynesia, Micronesia ; the collections of the Musée Barbier-Mueller
1143:
878:
Catholics in Indonesia, 1808–1942: A Documented History. Volume 2: The Spectacular Growth of a Self Confident Minority, 1903–1942
312:. Then, followed by the invasion of the Dutch colonialists in the 20th century and the subsequent Christianization of Manggarai.
1379:
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The main food is corn porridge with vegetables and pork (which are only consumed by non-Muslim Manggarai people), as well as
502:
where fighting and parrying each other using a whip and a shield is usually performed by two young men in a large field.
344:. This language is not singled out even by most of Manggarai people themselves, because it is considered as part of the
630:) is an ordinary one. In the center of the settlement is a round public space on which is a large tree; usually of the
435:, this ceremony is conducted so that all spirits who are invited are able to wait a moment before the climax of the
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587:
1380:"Acromiocristalis Population of Pygmy Rampasasa (Manggarai District, Flores Island, Nusa Tenggara Timur Province)"
1607:
644:
2669:
1644:
1074:
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family are formed by Christians, and small groups among Muslims and adherents of traditional beliefs allows
297:(bigger kedaluan), which had origins before Bima Sultanate hegemonic rule, among these only Todo ruled over
520:
warriors display their abilities to hit and parry in the competition. The dance is commonly referred to as
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1736:
1726:
341:
198:
190:
1706:
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1499:
601:, a marriage between the offspring of two sisters that marries the sons of two brothers, and so on. Most
1934:
1721:
1612:
1378:
Rusyad Adi Suriyanto1, Janatin Hastuti, Neni Trilusiana Rahmawati, Koeshardjono & T. Jacob (2008).
392:), which are accompanied by ritual dances and battles between the two parties of men in military garb.
373:; the eastern Manggarai in the region of Borong are Catholics. Some living in the coastal west profess
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2129:
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2349:
1255:
Guardians of the Land in Kelimado: Louis Fontijne's Study of a Colonial District in Eastern Indonesia
2324:
2304:
1772:
1428:"Dutch Colonial Containment of Islam in Manggarai, West-Flores, in Favour of Catholicism, 1907–1942"
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1949:
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96:
2009:
293:(smaller kedaluan). The most powerful Kedaluans were Todo, Cibal, and Bajo, collectively called
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The Development of Catholicism in Eastern Indonesia: Manggarai Identity, Religion and Politics
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This article is about an ethnic group in Indonesia. For the indigenous Australian people, see
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609:. The Manggarai people to this day are divided into three social groups namely, aristocrats (
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1963:
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1487:(Doctoral thesis). Gadjah Mada University – via repository.stkipsantupaulus.ac.id.
340:(there are about 5,000 of them) living in three settlements in the southern part of the
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377:(their number is approximately 33,898 people), the spread of Islam on the island of
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2016:
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Ethnic Groups of Insular Southeast Asia: Indonesia, Andaman Islands, and Madagascar
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In Manggarai settlements, free spaces are paved with huge stones. In the city of
189:. Manggarai people are spread across three regencies in the province, namely the
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Stratifikasi sosial di Cancar, Manggarai, Flores Barat tahun 1950-an dan 1980-an
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336:. It is spoken by about 300,000 people. There are also native speakers of the
225:. Manggarai settlements cover over 6,700 square kilometers, almost a third of
1509:
2590:
2474:
2033:
1307:. Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik, Universitas Indonesia. p. 56.
783:
Comparative Austronesian Dictionary: An Introduction to Austronesian Studies
676:
485:
370:
186:
163:
92:
445:, a ceremony of thanksgiving for the welfare of each family in their homes.
549:, which in turn split into smaller administrative units that are known as
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1748:
900:
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Manggarai people also have a traditional folk sport and war dance called
273:
261:. As of the late 20th century, there are about 500,000 Manggarai people.
254:
17:
1462:(doctorate thesis in History, Art and Culture). University of Amsterdam.
1958:
1559:
374:
242:
1886:
481:
477:
378:
333:
226:
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423:, a ritual to invite ancestral spirits to be a watcher over springs.
221:
Manggarai people are one of the aboriginal peoples of the island of
2679:
2364:
1634:
1095:
Maribeth Erb, Carol Faucher & Priyambudi Sulistiyanto (2013).
631:
624:
The traditional settlement has a circular layout, and the modern (
467:
355:
1165:"Penti Weki Peso Beo, Ritus Pembersihan Dosa Kampung (Bagian II)"
237:
According to historical records, Manggarai has been ruled by the
2421:
1802:
682:
561:(village leaders), additionally Sultan's representatives called
1513:
1355:
Journal of the American Oriental Society, Volume 89, Number 3
429:, a ceremony of summoning a village guardian spirit at night.
413:, a ritual that invites the guardian spirit to the center of
332:, is distributed in the north-central part of the island of
1330:
Worldmark Encyclopedia of Cultures and Daily Life, Volume 4
524:, a dance performed on stage to predict the outcome of the
308:
In 1929, the Western part of Flores was separated from the
1500:
Joshua Project — Manggarai Ethnic People in all countries
573:
is controlled by one of the localized patriarchate clan (
1120:
Markus Makur (7 November 2014). I Made Asdhiana (ed.).
687:). Rice is served on the table only as a festive meal.
538:
The early political system of Manggarai was clan-based
209:
The Manggarai people sometimes refer to themselves as
1278:
Musée Barbier-Mueller (1999). Douglas Newton (ed.).
1021:
Musée Barbier-Mueller (1999). Douglas Newton (ed.).
975:. Institute of Southeast Asian Studies. p. 60.
320:
The language spoken throughout the region is called
2561:
2465:
2348:
2210:
2095:
1885:
1801:
1558:
1122:"Unik, Tradisi "Poka Kaba" di Lembah Kampung Bumbu"
148:
127:
103:
71:
61:
40:
998:Encyclopaedia of the South East Asian Ethnography
996:Narendra Singh Bisht & T. S. Bankoti (2004).
407:, a ceremony of harvest thanksgiving celebration.
276:. In 1727, the Manggarai region was given to the
1328:Timothy L. Gall & Jeneen Hobby, ed. (2009).
757:. Human Relations Area Files Press. p. 81.
1253:Louis Fontijne (2004). Gregory L. Forth (ed.).
1187:"Mengenal Upacara Penti dalam Budaya Manggarai"
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387:
1211:. Direktorat Jenderal Kebudayaan. p. 518.
1209:Ensiklopedi Suku Bangsa di Indonesia Jilid L-Z
1000:. Global Vision Publishing House. p. 49.
753:Frank M. LeBar & George N. Appell (1972).
1525:
1505:Manggarai Map — Satellite Images of Manggarai
1225:The Flow of Life: Essays on Eastern Indonesia
943:The Flow of Life: Essays on Eastern Indonesia
865:Manggarai daerah sengketa antara Bima dan Goa
8:
1432:Bijdragen tot de Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde
1402:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
857:
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1472:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
1406:) CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
369:More than 90% of the Manggarai people are
289:, they ruled over smaller kedaluan called
32:
1443:
1222:James J. Fox, ed. (1980). "Monni Adams".
1069:
1067:
940:James J. Fox, ed. (1980). "Monni Adams".
935:
933:
1075:"Etnis Manggarai, dari Ritual ke Ritual"
834:. University of Hull Press. p. 33.
776:
774:
1144:"Clean-up ritual a la Manggarai people"
832:Islam and identity in Eastern Indonesia
721:
1465:
1395:
1228:. Harvard University Press. pp.
1097:Regionalism in Post-Suharto Indonesia
229:, in the western part of the island.
213:, which means "people of Manggarai".
7:
946:. Harvard University Press. p.
804:
802:
72:Regions with significant populations
914:Endangered Languages of Austronesia
360:Manggarai (Todo-Pongkor) womenfolk.
785:. Walter de Gruyter. p. 585.
301:, numbering thirteen hence called
25:
2693:
1357:. Baltimore, JAOS. p. 673.
508:performance usually begins with
85:
50:
514:dance performances, before the
1:
1481:Widyawati, Fransiska (2013).
1185:David Edison (1 April 2012).
1167:. Berita Satu. 18 August 2012
1048:Manggarai dan Wujud Tertinggi
621:) and descendants of slaves.
1303:Robert M. Z. Lawang (2004).
973:Indonesia: Towards Democracy
1353:Ernest Bender, ed. (1969).
1207:M. Junus Melalatoa (1995).
1142:Markus Makur (5 May 2016).
1046:J. A. J. Verheijen (1991).
916:. OUP Oxford. p. 304.
2733:
2717:Ethnic groups in Indonesia
1541:Ethnic groups in Indonesia
1426:Steenbrink, Karel (2013).
1077:. Liputan6. 19 August 2001
830:Michael Hitchcock (1996).
461:
161:
1547:
1453:Sudarmadi, Tular (2014).
1445:10.1163/22134379-12340024
1050:. LIPI-RUL. p. 145.
876:Karel Steenbrink (2014).
812:. Encyclopædia Britannica
781:Darrell T. Tryon (1995).
153:
132:
108:
76:
66:
49:
27:Ethnic group of Indonesia
1385:. Gadjah Mada University
1282:. Prestel. p. 102.
1025:. Prestel. p. 103.
971:Taufik Abdullah (2009).
912:Margaret Florey (2009).
730:"Manggarai in Indonesia"
2606:Bangka Belitung Chinese
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1257:. KITLV. p. 192.
615:), community members (
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476:warrior and his whip,
361:
342:East Manggarai Regency
199:East Manggarai Regency
191:West Manggarai Regency
1332:. Gale. p. 608.
901:Ethnologue: Manggarai
880:. BRILL. p. 89.
534:Society and lifestyle
471:
359:
149:Related ethnic groups
450:Traditional clothing
699:, a West Mangarrai
555:(dalu-helpers) and
241:from the island of
56:A Manggarai family.
37:
1146:. The Jakarta Post
863:Hans Daeng. 1995.
581:types of marriages
490:
362:
346:Manggarai language
280:as a dowry when a
183:East Nusa Tenggara
97:East Nusa Tenggara
2688:
2687:
1339:978-14-144-4892-3
1106:978-11-342-6380-6
982:978-98-123-0366-0
923:978-01-995-4454-7
887:978-90-042-5402-2
599:Sororate marriage
595:Levirate marriage
270:Sultanate of Gowa
268:descent from the
195:Manggarai Regency
177:found in western
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16:(Redirected from
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405:Penti Manggarai
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338:Rongga language
322:Tombo Manggarai
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251:Makassar people
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136:(predominantly
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1618:Talang Mamak
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1387:. Retrieved
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1191:. Retrieved
1189:. Kompasiana
1180:
1169:. Retrieved
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1126:. Retrieved
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737:. Retrieved
724:
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588:cross-cousin
585:matrilateral
537:
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175:ethnic group
170:
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134:Christianity
122:Kupang Malay
77:
42:
34:
30:Ethnic group
2536:Tanimbarese
2250:Ekari (Mee)
2125:Gorontaloan
1761:Aneuk Jamee
1756:Minangkabau
1712:Bugis-Malay
1603:Orang Rimba
1598:Orang Kuala
1551:Indonesians
810:"Manggarai"
708:tribe from
665:Upland rice
540:patrilineal
282:Makassarese
266:Minangkabau
239:Bima people
217:Settlements
142:Sunni Islam
112:(including
2675:Portuguese
2633:Klingalese
2075:Orang Laut
1913:Lun Bawang
1887:Kalimantan
1843:Kangeanese
1836:Tenggerese
1826:Banyumasan
1821:Cirebonese
1665:Toba Batak
1660:Simalungun
1650:Mandailing
1613:Petalangan
1568:Aboriginal
1389:2015-05-29
1193:2016-11-01
1171:2016-11-01
1150:2016-11-01
1128:2016-11-01
1081:2015-01-17
816:2017-05-26
739:2015-01-17
716:References
659:system to
651:Livelihood
603:monogamous
443:Libur Kilo
421:Barong Wae
326:Indonesian
185:province,
118:Indonesian
2670:Pakistani
2665:Mardijker
2616:Peranakan
2417:Manggarai
2400:Lamaholot
2260:Ketengban
2180:Sangirese
2160:Mongondow
2155:Minahasan
2150:Mandarese
2130:Kalumpang
2063:Pontianak
2034:Punan Bah
1950:Uma Baka'
1925:Apo Kayan
1904:Apo Duat
1875:Bantenese
1865:Sundanese
1778:Palembang
1468:cite book
677:palm wine
486:Indonesia
439:ceremony.
433:Wisi Loce
389:ata Mbeki
371:Catholics
295:dalu mese
205:Etymology
187:Indonesia
171:Manggarai
164:Mangarayi
140:) – 90%,
110:Manggarai
104:Languages
93:Indonesia
18:Manggarai
2711:Category
2650:Japanese
2623:Filipino
2591:Chindian
2586:Armenian
2509:Ambonese
2492:Manusela
2475:Moluccan
2427:Rotenese
2380:Bimanese
2375:Balinese
2370:Bali Aga
2140:Makassar
2120:Bonerate
2115:Butonese
2105:Buginese
2097:Sulawesi
2022:Bakumpai
2010:Ma'anyan
2005:Lawangan
2000:Ot Danum
1964:Kendayan
1848:Madurese
1816:Javanese
1788:Simeulue
1749:Sakuddei
1744:Mentawai
1625:Acehnese
1398:cite web
1124:. Kompas
691:See also
618:ata-leke
607:Polygyny
591:marriage
583:such as
570:kedaluan
552:gelarang
365:Religion
316:Language
299:dalu koe
291:dalu koe
274:Makassar
255:Sulawesi
249:and the
128:Religion
2601:Benteng
2596:Chinese
2569:African
2546:Togutil
2519:Wai Apu
2504:Ambelau
2452:Sumbawa
2350:Lesser
2325:Waropen
2305:Sentani
2270:Korowai
2240:Damalme
2225:Amungme
2195:Torajan
2039:Bukitan
2027:Meratus
1981:Mualang
1959:Bidayuh
1908:Kelabit
1793:Singkil
1773:Haloban
1737:Serdang
1727:Langkat
1687:Lampung
1672:Enggano
1640:Angkola
1560:Sumatra
671:Dietary
612:karaeng
511:danding
488:, 2007.
396:Rituals
375:Sunnism
352:Culture
243:Sumbawa
233:History
181:in the
173:are an
67:725,000
2660:Korean
2655:Jewish
2628:Indian
2551:Wemale
2541:Tobelo
2531:Lisela
2526:Kayeli
2497:Nuaulu
2410:Loloan
2390:Helong
2330:Wolani
2320:Wambon
2315:Tobati
2280:Marind
2265:Kombai
2200:Mamasa
2170:Pamona
2110:Bungku
1993:Tidung
1969:Selako
1945:Lebbo'
1940:Kenyah
1918:Sa'ban
1895:Banjar
1853:Bawean
1811:Betawi
1783:Rejang
1707:Asahan
1697:Lembak
1655:Pakpak
1361:
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1103:
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979:
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838:
789:
761:
706:Rangko
697:Mbehel
482:Flores
478:Ruteng
415:Lingko
379:Flores
334:Flores
257:under
245:under
227:Flores
223:Flores
197:, and
179:Flores
114:Rongga
90:
2680:Totok
2638:Tamil
2487:Alune
2482:Alfur
2457:Tetum
2447:Sumba
2442:Sikka
2432:Sasak
2405:Malay
2395:Kemak
2385:Bunak
2365:Atoni
2310:Tehit
2295:Nduga
2235:Bauzi
2230:Asmat
2212:Papua
2175:Rampi
2145:Malay
2135:Lindu
2085:Suluk
2080:Bajau
2058:Berau
2053:Malay
2017:Ngaju
1988:Murut
1935:Kayan
1930:Bahau
1900:Dayak
1870:Baduy
1860:Malay
1831:Osing
1722:Lahat
1702:Malay
1682:Kluet
1635:Batak
1608:Sakai
1593:Mante
1583:Bonai
1578:Batin
1460:(PDF)
1383:(PDF)
1230:54-55
632:Ficus
437:Penti
253:from
144:– 10%
2645:Indo
2581:Arab
2514:Buru
2437:Savu
2422:Nage
2360:Abui
2340:Yaur
2335:Yali
2300:Sawi
2290:Moni
2275:Lani
2255:Fayu
2245:Dani
2220:Abun
2185:Seko
2165:Muna
2070:Moro
2044:Krio
1976:Iban
1803:Java
1768:Nias
1732:Riau
1717:Deli
1692:Laut
1677:Gayo
1645:Karo
1630:Alas
1588:Lubu
1573:Akit
1474:link
1408:link
1404:link
1359:ISBN
1334:ISBN
1309:ISBN
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