Knowledge (XXG)

1890 Manifesto

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explained at the general conference where the Manifesto was accepted by the church, "his Manifesto only refers to future marriages, and does not affect past conditions. I did not, I could not, and would not promise that you would desert your wives and children. This you cannot do in honor." Despite Woodruff's explanation, some church leaders and members who were polygamous did begin to live with only one wife. However, the majority of Mormon polygamists continued to cohabit with their plural wives in violation of the
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that "here is no question that, from a doctrinal standpoint, President Woodruff's Manifesto now has comparable status with revelations in the Doctrine and Covenants." Similarly, another writer has stated bluntly that "contemporary Latter-day Saints regard the Manifesto as a revelation." The Manifesto is currently published as "Official Declaration 1" in the Doctrine and Covenants.
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LDS Church's attitude was toward the law against polygamy, Woodruff stated, "We mean to obey it. We have no thought of evading it or ignoring it." Because it had been Mormon practice for over 25 years to either evade or ignore anti-polygamy laws, Woodruff's statement was a signal that a change in church policy was developing.
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because of an erroneous belief that such marriages were legal in those jurisdictions. However, a significant minority were performed in Utah and other western American states and territories. The estimates of the number of post-Manifesto plural marriages performed range from scores to thousands, with
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The Manifesto was the end of official church authorization for the creation of new plural marriages that violated local laws. It had no effect on the status of already existing plural marriages, and plural marriages continued to be performed in locations where it was believed to be legal. As Woodruff
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There is nothing in my teachings to the Church or in those of my associates, during the time specified, which can be reasonably construed to inculcate or encourage polygamy; and when any Elder of the Church has used language which appeared to convey such teaching, he has been promptly reproved. And I
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The ledger of 'marriages and sealings performed outside the temple,' which is not comprehensive, lists 315 marriages performed between October 17, 1890, and September 8, 1903. Of the 315 marriages recorded in the ledger, research indicates that 25 (7.9%) were plural marriages and 290 were monogamous
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I, therefore, as President of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, do hereby, in the most solemn manner, declare that these charges are false. We are not teaching polygamy or plural marriage, nor permitting any person to enter into its practice, and I deny that either forty or any other
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of God. Since that time, church leaders have consistently taught that the Manifesto was inspired of God. In 1908, the Manifesto was printed in the LDS Church's Doctrine and Covenants for the first time, and it has been included in every edition since. A non-Mormon observer of the church has stated
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I move that, recognizing Wilford Woodruff as the President of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, and the only man on the earth at the present time who holds the keys of the sealing ordinances, we consider him fully authorized by virtue of his position to issue the Manifesto which has
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In April 1889, Woodruff, the president of the church, began privately refusing the permission that was required to contract new plural marriages. In October 1889, Woodruff publicly admitted that he was no longer approving new polygamous marriages, and in answer to a reporter's question of what the
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Press dispatches having been sent for political purposes, from Salt Lake City, which have been widely published, to the effect that the Utah Commission, in their recent report to the Secretary of the Interior, allege that plural marriages have been contracted in Utah since last June or during the
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Inasmuch as laws have been enacted by Congress forbidding plural marriages, which laws have been pronounced constitutional by the court of last resort, I hearby declare my intention to submit to those laws, to use my influence with the members of the Church over which I preside to have them do
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Approximately one year after he declared the Manifesto, Woodruff began to claim that he had received instructions from Jesus Christ that formed the basis of what he wrote in the text of the Manifesto. These instructions were reportedly accompanied by a
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the actual figure probably close to 250. Today, the LDS Church officially acknowledges that although the Manifesto "officially ceased" the practice of plural marriage in the church, "the ending of the practice after the Manifesto was ... gradual."
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The conference proceedings recorded that "the vote to sustain the foregoing motion was unanimous." However, a modern author reports that "at least some voted against the Manifesto and perhaps a majority abstained." Some members, including
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marriages (92.1%). Almost all the monogamous marriages recorded were performed in Arizona or Mexico. Of the 25 plural marriages, 18 took place in Mexico, 3 in Arizona, 2 in Utah, and 1 each in Colorado and on a boat on the Pacific Ocean.
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which disenfranchised individuals who practiced or believed in plural marriage was constitutional. That decision left the Mormons no further legal recourse to their current marriage practices and made it unlikely that without change
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in 1904. Though neither Manifesto dissolved existing plural marriages, plural marriage in the LDS Church gradually died by attrition during the early-to-mid 20th century. The Manifesto was canonized in the LDS Church
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modified Woodruff's draft into the current language accepted by the general authorities and presented to the church as a whole. Woodruff announced the Manifesto on September 25 by publishing it in the church-owned
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Proceedings Before the Committee On Privileges and Elections of the United States Senate in the Matter of The Protests Against the Right of Hon. Reed Smoot, a Senator From the State of Utah, To Hold His
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After years of determined resistance to governmental pressure to end , including test cases in the federal courts, hopes waned of receiving a favorable outcome. The most crucial development was the
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been read in our hearing, and which is dated September 1890, and that as a Church in General Conference assembled, we accept his declaration concerning plural marriages as authoritative and binding.
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to have been prompted by divine revelation (although not a revelation itself), in which Woodruff was shown that the church would be thrown into turmoil if they did not comply with it. Some
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in November 1895 and was granted statehood on January 4, 1896. One of the conditions for granting Utah statehood was that a ban on polygamy be written into their state constitution.
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and federal prosecution of Mormon polygamists subsided. However, Congress still refused to seat representatives-elect who were polygamists, including
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past year, also that in public discourses the leaders of the Church have taught, encouraged and urged the continuance of the practice of polygamy—
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now publicly declare that my advice to the Latter-day Saints is to refrain from contracting any marriage forbidden by the law of the land.
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due to disagreement with the church's position on plural marriage. Plural marriage in violation of local law continues to be grounds for
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of 1887. This law disincorporated the LDS Church and authorized the federal government to seize all of the church's assets. The
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The Spiritual Evolution of Margarito Bautista: Mexican Mormon Evangelizer, Polygamist Dissident, and Utopian Founder, 1878–1961
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number of plural marriages have during that period been solemnized in our Temples or in any other place in the Territory.
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Burrows, Julius C.; Foraker, Joseph Benson; United States Congress Senate Committee on Privileges and Elections (1906),
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Mormons. Upon its issuance, the LDS Church in conference accepted Woodruff's Manifesto as "authoritative and binding."
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The Manifesto . . . affirmed the church president's intention to influence fellow members to obey the law of the land.
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that the church should cease the practice of plural marriage. The following morning, he reported this to some of the
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Following Woodruff's death in 1898, other church leaders began to teach that the Manifesto was the result of a
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The Teachings of Spencer W. Kimball: Twelfth President of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
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Essentials in Church History: A History of the Church from the Birth of Joseph Smith to the Present Time
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covertly sanctioned plural marriages after the Manifesto. This practice was especially prevalent in
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The Teachings of Lorenzo Snow: Fifth President of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
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One case has been reported, in which the parties allege that the marriage was performed in the
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The Politics of American Religious Identity: The Seating of Senator Reed Smoot, Mormon Apostle
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in September 1890, the Manifesto was a response to mounting anti-polygamy pressure from the
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Rumors of post-Manifesto marriages surfaced and began to be examined by Congress in the
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of the church in Salt Lake City on October 6, 1890, the Manifesto was read, after which
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Less than a month after the Manifesto was issued, the LDS Church used the procedure of
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Late Corporation of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints v. United States
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by the church membership, though many held reservations or abstained from voting.
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The 'Mormon Question' Revisited: Anti-polygamy Laws and the Free Exercise Clause
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Numerous marriages also were performed in international waters on the high seas.
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The Manifesto has been canonized by the LDS Church, and its text appears in the
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Proclamations of the First Presidency and the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles
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Woodruff later said that on the night of September 23, 1890, he received a
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The Manifesto was issued in response to the anti-polygamy policies of the
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Within six years of the announcement of the Manifesto, Utah had become a
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The Mormon Quest for Glory: The Religious World of the Latter-Day Saints
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of Jesus was imminent, after which plural marriage would be reinstated.
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The Most Dangerous Branch: Inside the Supreme Court in the Age of Trump
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The cessation of plural marriage within LDS Church gave rise to the
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Battleground: Women, Gender, and Sexuality [2 volumes]
1806:"The Taylor-Cowley Affair and the Watershed of Mormon History" 91:") is a statement which officially advised against any future 1402:, November 1, 1891; reported at Wilford Woodruff, "Remarks", 698:
and other Mormon historians have documented that some church
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President of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints.
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Evidences and Reconciliations: Aids to Faith in a Modern Day
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Eyewitness accounts associated with the Joseph Smith Papyri
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History of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
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In February 1890, the Supreme Court had already ruled in
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Seeking the Promised Land: Mormons and American Politics
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of what would occur if the Manifesto were not issued.
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Under the Banner of Heaven: A Story of Violent Faith
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Evolution of Latter-day Saint views on the Manifesto
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As published in the October 15, 1890 edition of the
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Carmon (1980), 1474:BYU Religious Education Student Symposium, 2012 435:Timeline of civil marriage in the United States 97:the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints 3531:Works by presidents of the church (LDS Church) 3521:Works originally published in the Deseret News 2136:, Urbana, Ill.: University of Illinois Press, 2133:Solemn Covenant: The Mormon Polygamous Passage 1548:Edward Hunter Snow: Pioneer—Educator—Statesman 1063:"The Manifesto and the End of Plural Marriage" 1057: 1055: 1053: 640:president of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles 542:and placed the hand-written draft on a table. 2324: 1919:(Salt Lake City, Utah: Bookcraft) pp. 192–93. 896: 630:to make it binding upon church members. At a 468: 8: 1898:, on 1899-05-03, published as Lorenzo Snow, 1792:"Plural Marriage and Families in Early Utah" 1551:. University of Oklahoma Press. p. 91. 1390: 1388: 1386: 680:Aftermath and post-Manifesto plural marriage 1512: 1510: 1508: 1284: 1268: 2331: 2317: 2309: 1450:Wilford Woodruff, "Official Declaration", 966:Criticism of the Latter Day Saint movement 903: 889: 779: 759: 475: 461: 169: 39: 2303:Plural Marriages After The 1890 Manifesto 2164:The Mormon Hierarchy: Extensions of Power 2025: 2023: 1626: 1624: 1622: 1114: 2705:Black temple and priesthood restrictions 1864:Handbook 1: Stake Presidents and Bishops 1605:. Oxford University Press. p. 42. 1003: 771: 489:federal government of the United States 172: 1182:David E. Campbell, John C. Green, and 565:. On October 6, 1890, it was formally 35: 2099:Brzuzy, Stephanie; Lind, Amy (2007). 1878: 1779: 1652: 1394:Remarks of Wilford Woodruff at Cache 1327: 1296: 1102:Dialogue: A Journal of Mormon Thought 877:Outline of the Doctrine and Covenants 7: 3496:Latter Day Saint statements of faith 1218: 1216: 3332:List of Book of Mormon translations 3302:Truth & Transparency Foundation 3206:Utah Property Management Associates 2774:spectrums of orthodoxy and practice 622:Formal acceptance by the LDS Church 213:Origin of Latter Day Saint polygamy 1890:See, e.g., Discourse delivered by 374:Late Corp. of the LDS Church v. US 25: 3526:Works about polygamy in Mormonism 3382:Mormonism and Nicene Christianity 241:Late-19th century Mormon polygamy 3452: 3440: 3429: 3428: 957:Latter Day Saint movement portal 949: 718:. 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(2012). 1342:"Manifesto (Plural Marriage)" 1013:"Manifesto (Plural Marriage)" 833:1978 Revelation on Priesthood 739:Quorum of the Twelve Apostles 642:, made the following motion: 546:would later recount that he, 411:Freedom of religion in the US 1350:, University of Utah Press, 1021:, University of Utah Press, 527:would be granted statehood. 451:Latter Day Saints portal 391:List of polygamy court cases 1158:Hammarberg, Melvyn (2013), 143:U.S. congressional hearings 3552: 3372:Mormon History Association 3162:Beneficial Financial Group 2254:Peterson, Paul H. (1992), 2223:Mormon Polygamy: A History 1794:, churchofjesuschrist.org. 1340:Lyman, Edward Leo (1994), 1011:Lyman, Edward Leo (1994), 785:Title page of 1835 edition 491:, and most especially the 187:A Mormon "Saint" and Wives 29: 3486:1890 in the United States 3447:Latter Day Saint Movement 3424: 3196:Perpetual Emigration Fund 3147:Temple Square Hospitality 3095:Church Educational System 2865:Latter-day Saints Channel 2596:For the Strength of Youth 2265:Encyclopedia of Mormonism 2130:Hardy, B. Carmon (1992), 2105:. ABC-CLIO. p. 418. 1810:Utah Historical Quarterly 1684:Utah Historical Quarterly 1572:Kaplan, David A. (2019). 1347:Utah History Encyclopedia 1283:, 1889-10-27, quoted in: 1018:Utah History Encyclopedia 431:Polygamy in North America 285:Current state of polygamy 245:Mormon colonies in Mexico 127:history of the LDS Church 38: 3414:Kirtland Egyptian papers 3337:Joseph Smith Translation 3201:Perpetual Education Fund 3157:Bonneville International 2536:Apostasy and restoration 2030:Turner, John G. (2016), 1994:, Salt Lake City, Utah: 1478:Religious Studies Center 1408:"Official Declaration 1" 1378:decision in 1890 . . . . 588:To Whom It May Concern: 427:Polygamy in Christianity 415:Legal status of polygamy 162:rejected the manifesto. 99:(LDS Church). Issued by 3270:Historical authenticity 2219:Van Wagoner, Richard S. 737:both resigned from the 323:Morrill Anti-Bigamy Act 152:Official Declaration 1 116:U.S. federal government 85:Anti-polygamy Manifesto 3501:Doctrine and Covenants 3287:Mormon Stories Podcast 2979:Quorums of the Seventy 2710:Curses of Cain and Ham 2477:Doctrine and Covenants 2442:Mormonism and violence 2297:Official Declaration 1 1958:Smith, Joseph Fielding 1636:Doctrine and Covenants 1632:Official Declaration 1 1468:Joseph Stuart (2012). 1412:Doctrine and Covenants 1223:Krakauer, Jon (2004). 917:Doctrine and Covenants 863:School of the Prophets 773:Doctrine and Covenants 649: 619: 584:The Manifesto states: 237:Wives of Brigham Young 189:by Charles Weitfle (c. 174:Mormonism and polygamy 160:Mormon fundamentalists 108:United States Congress 60:Doctrine and Covenants 3516:Mormon fundamentalism 3367:Mormon fundamentalism 3142:Deseret Digital Media 3115:BYU–Pathway Worldwide 3034:Statistics by country 2848:Humanitarian services 1517:Dan Erickson (1998). 1210:, mormonnewsroom.org. 853:One Mighty and Strong 750:Mormon fundamentalist 745:from the LDS Church. 644: 586: 419:List of practitioners 277:Centennial Park group 268:Mormon fundamentalism 209:Wives of Joseph Smith 3481:1890 in Christianity 3265:Geographical setting 3191:Ensign Peak Advisors 3132:Deseret Book Company 2816:Especially for Youth 2663:Baptism for the dead 2531:Apostolic succession 2502:Joseph Smith–History 2497:Joseph Smith–Matthew 2482:Pearl of Great Price 2417:LGBT Mormon timeline 2390:Good Neighbor policy 1139:on 25 September 2015 805:Book of Commandments 793:Sources and sections 69:Official declaration 3404:Joseph Smith Papyri 2811:Cultural depictions 2608:Family Proclamation 2585:Family Home Evening 2256:"Manifesto of 1890" 1998:, pp. 447–48, 1984:Kimball, Spencer W. 1649:Marriner W. Merrill 971:Shelby Moore Cullom 716:Reed Smoot hearings 540:general authorities 253:Reed Smoot hearings 79:(also known as the 3354:FARMS organization 3327:ComeUntoChrist.org 3137:Deseret Industries 3044:Less-active Mormon 3029:Membership history 2878:Missionary service 2843:General Conference 2432:Name of the church 2422:Handcart companies 2167:, Salt Lake City: 2124:General references 1988:Kimball, Edward L. 1905:2007-10-25 at the 1458::476 (1890-09-25). 858:List of code names 735:Matthias F. Cowley 632:general conference 614:Wilford Woodruff 548:Charles W. Penrose 497:U.S. Supreme Court 493:Edmunds–Tucker Act 433: • 429: • 425: • 421: • 417: • 413: • 409: • 407:Celestial marriage 389: • 383: • 377: • 371: • 365: • 359: • 353: • 335:Edmunds–Tucker Act 333: • 329: • 325: • 307: • 303: • 299: • 295: • 291: • 287: • 283: • 281:Council of Friends 279: • 275: • 255: • 251: • 247: • 243: • 239: • 235: • 215: • 211: • 207: • 114:its assets to the 81:Woodruff Manifesto 3468: 3467: 3349:FAIR organization 3292:Salamander letter 2957:Russell M. Nelson 2737:Reformed Egyptian 2720:Pacific Islanders 2561:Plan of salvation 2507:Articles of Faith 2410:succession crisis 2370:Anthon Transcript 2159:Quinn, D. Michael 2112:978-0-313-08800-1 2041:978-0-674-73743-3 1881:, pp. 146–52 1612:978-0-19-094212-0 1585:978-1-5247-5991-9 1558:978-0-8061-8795-2 1487:978-0-8425-2829-0 1454:(Salt Lake City) 1236:978-1-4000-7899-8 1169:978-0-19-973762-8 1093:Quinn, D. Michael 913: 912: 811:Lectures on Faith 485: 484: 319:Antipolygamy laws 228:Latter-day Saints 73: 72: 18:Manifesto of 1890 16:(Redirected from 3543: 3536:Marriage in Utah 3460: 3456: 3455: 3448: 3444: 3436: 3432: 3431: 3314: 3232: 3021: 2984:Presiding Bishop 2969:First Presidency 2944: 2925:Worship services 2908:Tabernacle Choir 2803: 2715:Native Americans 2678:Temple endowment 2673:Second anointing 2668:Marriage sealing 2621:God in Mormonism 2566:Degrees of glory 2523: 2459: 2427:Mormon Battalion 2380:Church of Christ 2352: 2342: 2333: 2326: 2319: 2310: 2305:– essay by Quinn 2286: 2260:Ludlow, Daniel H 2243: 2214: 2194: 2189:, archived from 2154: 2117: 2116: 2096: 2090: 2088: 2065: 2052: 2046: 2044: 2027: 2018: 2016: 1980: 1974: 1972: 1954: 1948: 1946: 1930:Widtsoe, John A. 1926: 1920: 1896:St. George, Utah 1888: 1882: 1876: 1870: 1868: 1859: 1853: 1851: 1850: 1849: 1840:, archived from 1822:10.2307/45060923 1801: 1795: 1789: 1783: 1777: 1771: 1768: 1762: 1761: 1733: 1727: 1726: 1725: 1724: 1715:, archived from 1697:10.2307/45060569 1674: 1668: 1662: 1656: 1645: 1639: 1628: 1617: 1616: 1596: 1590: 1589: 1569: 1563: 1562: 1542: 1536: 1535: 1533: 1532: 1514: 1503: 1502: 1500: 1499: 1490:. Archived from 1465: 1459: 1448: 1442: 1441: 1421: 1415: 1392: 1381: 1380: 1371: 1369: 1360:, archived from 1337: 1331: 1330:, pp. 63–64 1325: 1319: 1306: 1300: 1299:, pp. 62–63 1294: 1288: 1285:Van Wagoner 1989 1281:Salt Lake Herald 1278: 1272: 1269:Van Wagoner 1989 1266: 1260: 1247: 1241: 1240: 1220: 1211: 1205: 1199: 1180: 1174: 1172: 1155: 1149: 1148: 1146: 1144: 1135:. Archived from 1118: 1116:10.2307/45225323 1089: 1083: 1082: 1076: 1074: 1059: 1048: 1047: 1042: 1040: 1031:, archived from 1008: 991:Isaac S. Struble 959: 954: 953: 952: 905: 898: 891: 783: 760: 724:Second Manifesto 696:D. Michael Quinn 574:its constitution 477: 470: 463: 449: 448: 447: 402:Related articles 305:Short Creek raid 217:Spiritual wifery 192: 184: 170: 139:Second Manifesto 104:Wilford Woodruff 101:Church President 48:Woman's Exponent 43: 36: 21: 3551: 3550: 3546: 3545: 3544: 3542: 3541: 3540: 3471: 3470: 3469: 3464: 3458: 3446: 3434: 3420: 3312: 3306: 3245:Book of Abraham 3230: 3224: 3218:Deseret Ranches 3064:Congregational 3053: 3039:Mormon corridor 3019: 3013: 2942: 2936: 2801: 2799: 2793: 2752:Law of chastity 2626:Heavenly Mother 2521: 2519: 2513: 2492:Book of Abraham 2457: 2451: 2360:1838 Mormon War 2350: 2344: 2340: 2337: 2293: 2276: 2253: 2250: 2248:Further reading 2233: 2217: 2197: 2179: 2169:Signature Books 2157: 2144: 2129: 2126: 2121: 2120: 2113: 2098: 2097: 2093: 2078: 2054: 2053: 2049: 2042: 2029: 2028: 2021: 2006: 1982: 1981: 1977: 1956: 1955: 1951: 1928: 1927: 1923: 1912:Millennial Star 1907:Wayback Machine 1889: 1885: 1877: 1873: 1861: 1860: 1856: 1847: 1845: 1803: 1802: 1798: 1790: 1786: 1778: 1774: 1769: 1765: 1751: 1737:Flake, Kathleen 1735: 1734: 1730: 1722: 1720: 1676: 1675: 1671: 1663: 1659: 1647:Diary entry of 1646: 1642: 1629: 1620: 1613: 1598: 1597: 1593: 1586: 1571: 1570: 1566: 1559: 1544: 1543: 1539: 1530: 1528: 1525:Signature Books 1516: 1515: 1506: 1497: 1495: 1488: 1467: 1466: 1462: 1449: 1445: 1423: 1422: 1418: 1393: 1384: 1376:Davis v. Beason 1367: 1365: 1364:on May 30, 2023 1358: 1339: 1338: 1334: 1326: 1322: 1307: 1303: 1295: 1291: 1279: 1275: 1267: 1263: 1248: 1244: 1237: 1222: 1221: 1214: 1206: 1202: 1181: 1177: 1170: 1157: 1156: 1152: 1142: 1140: 1091: 1090: 1086: 1072: 1070: 1061: 1060: 1051: 1038: 1036: 1035:on May 30, 2023 1029: 1010: 1009: 1005: 1000: 995: 955: 950: 948: 945: 909: 869: 868: 867: 847: 839: 838: 837: 800:Account of John 794: 786: 758: 743:excommunication 720:Joseph F. Smith 682: 669: 624: 601:Endowment House 582: 544:George Reynolds 520:Idaho Territory 515:Davis v. Beason 481: 445: 443: 438: 437: 404: 394: 393: 386:Brown v. Buhman 380:Cleveland v. US 368:Davis v. Beason 346: 338: 337: 320: 312: 311: 297:List of leaders 270: 260: 259: 230: 220: 219: 202: 201:Early Mormonism 194: 190: 168: 93:plural marriage 51: 34: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 3549: 3547: 3539: 3538: 3533: 3528: 3523: 3518: 3513: 3508: 3503: 3498: 3493: 3491:1890 documents 3488: 3483: 3473: 3472: 3466: 3465: 3463: 3462: 3450: 3438: 3425: 3422: 3421: 3419: 3418: 3417: 3416: 3411: 3401: 3394: 3389: 3384: 3379: 3377:Mormon studies 3374: 3369: 3364: 3356: 3351: 3346: 3339: 3334: 3329: 3324: 3318: 3316: 3308: 3307: 3305: 3304: 3299: 3294: 3289: 3284: 3283: 3282: 3277: 3272: 3267: 3262: 3257: 3250:Book of Mormon 3247: 3242: 3240:Anti-Mormonism 3236: 3234: 3226: 3225: 3223: 3222: 3221: 3220: 3210: 3209: 3208: 3203: 3198: 3193: 3183: 3181:Philanthropies 3178: 3177: 3176: 3166: 3165: 3164: 3159: 3154: 3149: 3144: 3139: 3134: 3124: 3123: 3122: 3120:Ensign College 3117: 3112: 3107: 3102: 3092: 3091: 3090: 3085: 3080: 3075: 3070: 3061: 3059: 3055: 3054: 3052: 3051: 3046: 3041: 3036: 3031: 3025: 3023: 3015: 3014: 3012: 3011: 3006: 3001: 2996: 2991: 2989:Relief Society 2986: 2981: 2976: 2971: 2966: 2965: 2964: 2959: 2948: 2946: 2938: 2937: 2935: 2934: 2933: 2932: 2922: 2921: 2920: 2910: 2905: 2900: 2895: 2890: 2885: 2880: 2875: 2867: 2862: 2861: 2860: 2850: 2845: 2840: 2835: 2834: 2833: 2823: 2818: 2813: 2807: 2805: 2795: 2794: 2792: 2791: 2789:Word of Wisdom 2786: 2781: 2779:Temple garment 2776: 2771: 2770: 2769: 2764: 2759: 2754: 2749: 2739: 2734: 2729: 2728: 2727: 2722: 2717: 2712: 2707: 2702: 2697: 2687: 2682: 2681: 2680: 2675: 2670: 2665: 2655: 2654: 2653: 2648: 2643: 2633: 2628: 2623: 2618: 2617: 2616: 2611: 2599: 2592: 2587: 2582: 2581: 2580: 2579: 2578: 2576:Premortal life 2573: 2568: 2558: 2553: 2543: 2538: 2533: 2527: 2525: 2515: 2514: 2512: 2511: 2510: 2509: 2504: 2499: 2494: 2489: 2479: 2474: 2472:Book of Mormon 2469: 2463: 2461: 2453: 2452: 2450: 2449: 2444: 2439: 2434: 2429: 2424: 2419: 2414: 2413: 2412: 2407: 2397: 2395:Historic sites 2392: 2387: 2382: 2377: 2372: 2367: 2365:1890 Manifesto 2362: 2356: 2354: 2346: 2345: 2338: 2336: 2335: 2328: 2321: 2313: 2307: 2306: 2300: 2292: 2291:External links 2289: 2288: 2287: 2274: 2249: 2246: 2245: 2244: 2231: 2215: 2195: 2177: 2155: 2142: 2125: 2122: 2119: 2118: 2111: 2091: 2076: 2047: 2040: 2019: 2004: 1975: 1949: 1921: 1883: 1871: 1854: 1796: 1784: 1772: 1763: 1749: 1728: 1669: 1657: 1655:, p. 141. 1640: 1618: 1611: 1591: 1584: 1564: 1557: 1537: 1504: 1486: 1460: 1452:Deseret Weekly 1443: 1416: 1404:Deseret Weekly 1382: 1356: 1332: 1320: 1301: 1289: 1273: 1261: 1242: 1235: 1212: 1200: 1196:978-1107662674 1184:J. Quin Monson 1175: 1168: 1150: 1084: 1049: 1027: 1002: 1001: 999: 996: 994: 993: 988: 983: 978: 976:Group marriage 973: 968: 962: 961: 960: 944: 941: 911: 910: 908: 907: 900: 893: 885: 882: 881: 880: 879: 871: 870: 866: 865: 860: 855: 849: 848: 846:Related topics 845: 844: 841: 840: 836: 835: 830: 828:1890 Manifesto 825: 819: 817:Word of Wisdom 814: 807: 802: 796: 795: 792: 791: 788: 787: 784: 776: 775: 769: 768: 757: 754: 731:John W. Taylor 681: 678: 668: 665: 657:Moses Thatcher 628:common consent 623: 620: 581: 578: 572:Utah ratified 563:Salt Lake City 558:Deseret Weekly 552:John R. Winder 525:Utah Territory 518:that a law in 483: 482: 480: 479: 472: 465: 457: 454: 453: 440: 439: 405: 400: 399: 396: 395: 350:Reynolds v. US 347: 344: 343: 340: 339: 321: 318: 317: 314: 313: 293:Kingston Group 271: 266: 265: 262: 261: 257:1904 Manifesto 249:1890 Manifesto 231: 226: 225: 222: 221: 203: 200: 199: 196: 195: 185: 177: 176: 167: 164: 148:standard works 77:1890 Manifesto 71: 70: 67: 63: 62: 57: 53: 52: 44: 26: 24: 14: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 3548: 3537: 3534: 3532: 3529: 3527: 3524: 3522: 3519: 3517: 3514: 3512: 3509: 3507: 3504: 3502: 3499: 3497: 3494: 3492: 3489: 3487: 3484: 3482: 3479: 3478: 3476: 3461: 3451: 3449: 3443: 3439: 3437: 3427: 3426: 3423: 3415: 3412: 3410: 3407: 3406: 3405: 3402: 3400: 3399: 3395: 3393: 3390: 3388: 3385: 3383: 3380: 3378: 3375: 3373: 3370: 3368: 3365: 3363: 3361: 3357: 3355: 3352: 3350: 3347: 3345: 3344: 3340: 3338: 3335: 3333: 3330: 3328: 3325: 3323: 3320: 3319: 3317: 3315: 3309: 3303: 3300: 3298: 3297:September Six 3295: 3293: 3290: 3288: 3285: 3281: 3278: 3276: 3273: 3271: 3268: 3266: 3263: 3261: 3258: 3256: 3253: 3252: 3251: 3248: 3246: 3243: 3241: 3238: 3237: 3235: 3233: 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2808: 2806: 2804: 2796: 2790: 2787: 2785: 2782: 2780: 2777: 2775: 2772: 2768: 2765: 2763: 2760: 2758: 2757:Homosexuality 2755: 2753: 2750: 2748: 2747:Birth control 2745: 2744: 2743: 2740: 2738: 2735: 2733: 2730: 2726: 2723: 2721: 2718: 2716: 2713: 2711: 2708: 2706: 2703: 2701: 2700:Black Mormons 2698: 2696: 2693: 2692: 2691: 2688: 2686: 2683: 2679: 2676: 2674: 2671: 2669: 2666: 2664: 2661: 2660: 2659: 2656: 2652: 2649: 2647: 2644: 2642: 2639: 2638: 2637: 2634: 2632: 2629: 2627: 2624: 2622: 2619: 2615: 2612: 2609: 2605: 2604: 2603: 2600: 2597: 2593: 2591: 2588: 2586: 2583: 2577: 2574: 2572: 2569: 2567: 2564: 2563: 2562: 2559: 2557: 2554: 2552: 2549: 2548: 2547: 2544: 2542: 2539: 2537: 2534: 2532: 2529: 2528: 2526: 2524: 2522:and practices 2516: 2508: 2505: 2503: 2500: 2498: 2495: 2493: 2490: 2488: 2487:Book of Moses 2485: 2484: 2483: 2480: 2478: 2475: 2473: 2470: 2468: 2465: 2464: 2462: 2460: 2454: 2448: 2445: 2443: 2440: 2438: 2435: 2433: 2430: 2428: 2425: 2423: 2420: 2418: 2415: 2411: 2408: 2406: 2403: 2402: 2401: 2398: 2396: 2393: 2391: 2388: 2386: 2383: 2381: 2378: 2376: 2375:Brigham Young 2373: 2371: 2368: 2366: 2363: 2361: 2358: 2357: 2355: 2353: 2347: 2343: 2334: 2329: 2327: 2322: 2320: 2315: 2314: 2311: 2304: 2301: 2298: 2295: 2294: 2290: 2285: 2281: 2277: 2275:0-02-879602-0 2271: 2267: 2266: 2261: 2257: 2252: 2251: 2247: 2242: 2238: 2234: 2232:0-941214-79-6 2228: 2224: 2220: 2216: 2213: 2209: 2205: 2201: 2196: 2193:on 2005-10-30 2192: 2188: 2184: 2180: 2178:1-56085-060-4 2174: 2170: 2166: 2165: 2160: 2156: 2153: 2149: 2145: 2143:0-252-01833-8 2139: 2135: 2134: 2128: 2127: 2123: 2114: 2108: 2104: 2103: 2095: 2092: 2087: 2083: 2079: 2077:0-252-01159-7 2073: 2069: 2064: 2063: 2057: 2051: 2048: 2043: 2037: 2033: 2026: 2024: 2020: 2015: 2011: 2007: 2005:1-57008-484-X 2001: 1997: 1993: 1989: 1985: 1979: 1976: 1971: 1967: 1963: 1959: 1953: 1950: 1945: 1941: 1937: 1936: 1931: 1925: 1922: 1918: 1914: 1913: 1908: 1904: 1901: 1897: 1893: 1887: 1884: 1880: 1875: 1872: 1866: 1865: 1858: 1855: 1844:on 2013-10-21 1843: 1839: 1835: 1831: 1827: 1823: 1819: 1815: 1811: 1807: 1800: 1797: 1793: 1788: 1785: 1781: 1776: 1773: 1767: 1764: 1760: 1756: 1752: 1750:0-8078-5501-4 1746: 1742: 1738: 1732: 1729: 1719:on 2013-10-21 1718: 1714: 1710: 1706: 1702: 1698: 1694: 1690: 1686: 1685: 1680: 1673: 1670: 1666: 1661: 1658: 1654: 1650: 1644: 1641: 1637: 1633: 1627: 1625: 1623: 1619: 1614: 1608: 1604: 1603: 1595: 1592: 1587: 1581: 1577: 1576: 1568: 1565: 1560: 1554: 1550: 1549: 1541: 1538: 1527:. p. 205 1526: 1522: 1521: 1513: 1511: 1509: 1505: 1494:on 2016-01-23 1493: 1489: 1483: 1479: 1475: 1471: 1464: 1461: 1457: 1453: 1447: 1444: 1440: 1436: 1432: 1428: 1420: 1417: 1413: 1409: 1405: 1401: 1397: 1391: 1389: 1387: 1383: 1379: 1377: 1363: 1359: 1357:9780874804256 1353: 1349: 1348: 1343: 1336: 1333: 1329: 1324: 1321: 1317: 1314: 1310: 1305: 1302: 1298: 1293: 1290: 1287:, p. 136 1286: 1282: 1277: 1274: 1271:, p. 135 1270: 1265: 1262: 1258: 1255: 1251: 1246: 1243: 1238: 1232: 1228: 1227: 1219: 1217: 1213: 1209: 1204: 1201: 1197: 1193: 1189: 1185: 1179: 1176: 1171: 1165: 1161: 1154: 1151: 1138: 1134: 1130: 1126: 1122: 1117: 1112: 1108: 1104: 1103: 1098: 1094: 1088: 1085: 1081: 1068: 1064: 1058: 1056: 1054: 1050: 1046: 1034: 1030: 1028:9780874804256 1024: 1020: 1019: 1014: 1007: 1004: 997: 992: 989: 987: 984: 982: 979: 977: 974: 972: 969: 967: 964: 963: 958: 947: 942: 940: 937: 932: 930: 924: 922: 918: 906: 901: 899: 894: 892: 887: 886: 884: 883: 878: 875: 874: 873: 872: 864: 861: 859: 856: 854: 851: 850: 843: 842: 834: 831: 829: 826: 824: 820: 818: 815: 812: 808: 806: 803: 801: 798: 797: 790: 789: 782: 778: 777: 774: 770: 766: 762: 761: 755: 753: 751: 746: 744: 740: 736: 732: 729: 725: 721: 717: 712: 709: 705: 701: 697: 693: 691: 690:B. H. Roberts 687: 679: 677: 675: 666: 664: 662: 661:Second Coming 658: 655: 648: 643: 641: 637: 633: 629: 621: 618: 615: 612: 608: 604: 602: 597: 593: 589: 585: 579: 577: 575: 570: 568: 564: 560: 559: 553: 549: 545: 541: 537: 533: 528: 526: 521: 517: 516: 510: 506: 505:in May 1890. 504: 503: 498: 494: 490: 478: 473: 471: 466: 464: 459: 458: 456: 455: 452: 442: 441: 436: 432: 428: 424: 423:Polygamy czar 420: 416: 412: 408: 403: 398: 397: 392: 388: 387: 382: 381: 376: 375: 370: 369: 364: 363: 362:Clawson v. US 358: 357: 352: 351: 342: 341: 336: 332: 328: 324: 316: 315: 310: 306: 302: 298: 294: 290: 286: 282: 278: 274: 269: 264: 263: 258: 254: 250: 246: 242: 238: 234: 233:Brigham Young 229: 224: 223: 218: 214: 210: 206: 198: 197: 188: 183: 179: 178: 175: 171: 165: 163: 161: 157: 153: 149: 144: 140: 136: 132: 128: 123: 121: 117: 113: 109: 105: 102: 98: 94: 90: 89:the Manifesto 87:, or simply " 86: 82: 78: 68: 64: 61: 58: 54: 50: 49: 42: 37: 33: 19: 3397: 3360:I'm a Mormon 3359: 3342: 3322:Bloggernacle 3169:FamilySearch 3058:Organization 3020:Demographics 2870: 2762:Masturbation 2695:Black people 2551:Adam and Eve 2458:Sacred texts 2400:Joseph Smith 2385:First Vision 2364: 2263: 2222: 2199: 2191:the original 2163: 2132: 2101: 2094: 2061: 2050: 2031: 1991: 1978: 1961: 1952: 1933: 1924: 1916: 1910: 1892:Lorenzo Snow 1886: 1874: 1862: 1857: 1846:, retrieved 1842:the original 1813: 1809: 1799: 1787: 1775: 1766: 1740: 1731: 1721:, retrieved 1717:the original 1691:(1): 24–36, 1688: 1682: 1672: 1665:Lorenzo Snow 1660: 1643: 1630:LDS Church, 1601: 1594: 1574: 1567: 1547: 1540: 1529:. Retrieved 1519: 1496:. Retrieved 1492:the original 1473: 1463: 1455: 1451: 1446: 1425: 1419: 1403: 1398:Conference, 1375: 1373: 1366:, retrieved 1362:the original 1346: 1335: 1323: 1318: (1890). 1304: 1292: 1280: 1276: 1264: 1259: (1890). 1245: 1225: 1203: 1187: 1178: 1159: 1153: 1141:. Retrieved 1137:the original 1109:(1): 9–108. 1106: 1100: 1087: 1078: 1071:. Retrieved 1069:. LDS Church 1066: 1044: 1037:, retrieved 1033:the original 1017: 1006: 933: 925: 914: 827: 823:Liberty Jail 821:Letter from 747: 713: 694: 683: 670: 650: 645: 636:Lorenzo Snow 625: 616: 613: 609: 605: 598: 594: 590: 587: 583: 571: 556: 536:Jesus Christ 529: 513: 511: 507: 500: 486: 384: 378: 372: 366: 360: 356:Cannon v. US 354: 348: 248: 205:Joseph Smith 186: 151: 133:to become a 124: 88: 84: 80: 76: 74: 46: 3392:Senkyoshigo 3275:Linguistics 2999:Young Women 2903:Tabernacles 2898:Pioneer Day 2802:and worship 2646:Interracial 2631:Ministering 2614:Transgender 2590:Fast Sunday 2056:Shipps, Jan 1900:"Discourse" 1400:Logan, Utah 674:Edmunds Act 331:Edmunds Act 289:FLDS Church 3511:Manifestos 3475:Categories 3255:Archeology 3213:AgReserves 3110:BYU-Hawaii 3088:Statistics 2943:Leadership 2732:Revelation 2685:Priesthood 2658:Ordinances 2571:Exaltation 2467:Holy Bible 1879:Hardy 1992 1848:2014-01-16 1780:Hardy 1992 1723:2014-01-16 1653:Hardy 1992 1531:2015-06-16 1498:2015-06-16 1368:August 14, 1328:Smith 2005 1297:Smith 2005 1039:August 15, 936:revelation 752:movement. 722:issued a " 607:likewise. 532:revelation 327:Poland Act 193:1878–1885) 166:Background 135:U.S. state 120:polygamist 30:See also: 3231:Criticism 3174:RootsTech 3105:BYU-Idaho 3049:Ex-Mormon 3004:Young Men 2952:President 2930:Sacrament 2742:Sexuality 2641:Celestial 2556:Evolution 2546:Cosmology 1996:Bookcraft 1986:(1998) , 1960:(1971) , 1838:254444205 1713:254447400 1133:259871046 998:Citations 981:Polyandry 921:scripture 309:YFZ Ranch 301:Lost boys 112:escheated 3435:Category 3398:Sunstone 3362:campaign 3343:Dialogue 3260:Genetics 3186:Finances 3073:District 2893:Pageants 2873:magazine 2838:Foodways 2821:Feminism 2651:Polygamy 2636:Marriage 2447:Utah War 2437:Pioneers 2284:24502140 2241:19515803 2221:(1989), 2212:70120125 2187:32168110 2161:(1997), 2152:23219530 2086:10726560 2058:(1985), 2014:39304039 1970:48064256 1944:36111479 1932:(1943), 1903:Archived 1830:45060923 1816:(1): 4, 1759:57707347 1739:(2003), 1705:45060569 1186:(2014), 1125:45225323 1095:(1985). 943:See also 765:a series 763:Part of 728:Apostles 700:apostles 567:accepted 345:Case law 66:Category 3459:Outline 3313:Related 3009:Primary 2913:Temples 2883:Mormons 2871:Liahona 2800:Culture 2784:Suicide 2767:Soaking 2725:Slavery 2541:Calling 2520:Beliefs 2351:History 2262:(ed.), 1990:(ed.), 1439:4795799 1067:lds.org 654:apostle 156:Mormons 141:during 3280:Origin 2602:Gender 2282:  2272:  2239:  2229:  2210:  2185:  2175:  2150:  2140:  2109:  2084:  2074:  2038:  2012:  2002:  1968:  1942:  1836:  1828:  1757:  1747:  1711:  1703:  1609:  1582:  1555:  1484:  1437:  1354:  1233:  1194:  1166:  1143:8 June 1131:  1123:  1073:8 June 1025:  929:vision 767:on the 708:Canada 704:Mexico 638:, the 550:, and 191:  83:, the 3078:Stake 2888:Music 2853:Hymns 2826:Films 2405:death 2258:, in 1834:S2CID 1826:JSTOR 1709:S2CID 1701:JSTOR 1431:52–53 1396:Stake 1311: 1252: 1129:S2CID 1121:JSTOR 686:state 534:from 3083:Ward 3068:Area 2962:List 2918:List 2858:Book 2831:List 2690:Race 2280:OCLC 2270:ISBN 2237:OCLC 2227:ISBN 2208:OCLC 2204:LL.M 2183:OCLC 2173:ISBN 2148:OCLC 2138:ISBN 2107:ISBN 2082:OCLC 2072:ISBN 2036:ISBN 2010:OCLC 2000:ISBN 1966:OCLC 1940:OCLC 1755:OCLC 1745:ISBN 1607:ISBN 1580:ISBN 1553:ISBN 1482:ISBN 1435:OCLC 1427:Seat 1370:2024 1352:ISBN 1313:U.S. 1254:U.S. 1231:ISBN 1192:ISBN 1164:ISBN 1145:2015 1075:2015 1041:2024 1023:ISBN 733:and 706:and 580:Text 131:Utah 75:The 56:Book 3100:BYU 2068:114 1894:at 1818:doi 1693:doi 1316:333 1309:133 1250:136 1111:doi 561:in 273:AUB 150:as 95:in 3477:: 2278:, 2235:, 2181:, 2171:, 2146:, 2080:, 2070:, 2022:^ 2008:, 1909:, 1832:, 1824:, 1814:48 1812:, 1808:, 1753:, 1707:, 1699:, 1689:46 1687:, 1681:, 1634:, 1621:^ 1523:. 1507:^ 1480:. 1476:. 1472:. 1456:41 1433:, 1410:, 1385:^ 1372:, 1344:, 1215:^ 1127:. 1119:. 1107:18 1105:. 1099:. 1077:. 1065:. 1052:^ 1043:, 1015:, 692:. 676:. 2610:" 2606:" 2598:" 2594:" 2332:e 2325:t 2318:v 2202:( 2115:. 2089:. 2045:. 2017:. 1973:. 1947:. 1869:. 1852:. 1820:: 1695:: 1638:. 1615:. 1588:. 1561:. 1534:. 1501:. 1414:. 1257:1 1239:. 1198:. 1173:. 1147:. 1113:: 904:e 897:t 890:v 813:" 809:" 476:e 469:t 462:v 20:)

Index

Manifesto of 1890
Latter Day Saint polygamy in the late 19th century

Woman's Exponent
Doctrine and Covenants
plural marriage
the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
Church President
Wilford Woodruff
United States Congress
escheated
U.S. federal government
polygamist
history of the LDS Church
Utah
U.S. state
Second Manifesto
U.S. congressional hearings
standard works
Mormons
Mormon fundamentalists
Mormonism and polygamy
Portrait of five caucasian Latter-day Saints, married to each other in nineteenth-century Latter-day Saint polygamy, against the backdrop of what may be a hedge. All seem to be posing; none face the camera. Leftmost is a woman, seated, her hair done in a high, braided bun, wearing a dress with buttons down the middle; in her hands are an open book. Center-left, standing furthest to the back (though still very much with the portraited group) is a woman, her hair done up but resting low, in a polka-dotted top and a scarf or ascot around her neck and a skirt. She carries a hat, held to her waist. Center is a woman, sort of kneeling or seated (perhaps there is an unseen stool she's sitting on?). She wears a white dress, her hair is done up in a high and large bun and she wears a headband. In her right arm she holds a hat, over her knees; her left arm rests on the lap of the man sitting center right. She may be leaning against his legs. Center-right is a man, wearing a suit jacket of some kind and a high-collared shirt. He is balded and bearded. His left hand is placed over the left arm of the center woman. Rightmost is a woman, her hair done up but resting low, sitting in a visibly wooden (likely handcrafted) chair. She wears a dress with buttons going down the middle. She holds a hat, which looks very like center's hat, over her knees.
Joseph Smith
Wives of Joseph Smith
Origin of Latter Day Saint polygamy
Spiritual wifery
Latter-day Saints
Brigham Young
Wives of Brigham Young

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