665:. In this context, the figure of Manuel Romero Rubio stood out for his ability to negotiate, and became a reference of intellectual and political unit. Despite belonging to the Lerdistas group, with the Juaristas victory in the elections of 1867, Romero Rubio was named President of the Chamber of Deputies in 1870, and his house was consolidated as one of the most important political meeting places of the time.
692:
assumed the presidency initially on an temporary basis and, later, as elected president for the 1872–1876 term. In 1876, Lerdo was declared again elected president by the
Legislative Branch and Manuel Romero Rubio was appointed Minister of State and Foreign Relations. However, the reelection of Lerdo
720:
began to forge before the
Lerdismo fall in Mexico, due to the fact that although Romero Rubio had a career and was the main advisor of Lerdo de Tejada, the latter did not grant him an active position in his cabinet until the end, when he was appointed Secretary of Foreign Relations in 1876; that is
299:
Manuel Romero Rubio began his education at the
Conciliar Seminary in Mexico City, where he acquired knowledge of Latin grammar and philosophy. Later, at the Colegio de San Gregorio he began his studies in law. In there, he was recognized as one of the most distinguished students and became friends
883:
The success of Manuel Romero Rubio's policies was recognized by his contemporaries, and helped him position himself as a fundamental element within the heterogeneous
Porfirian cabinet, thanks to his immense capacity for negotiation and conciliation, becoming for this reason the right hand of
774:
Romero Rubio was recognized for his extraordinary ability to negotiate, so his adherence to the
Porfirian project offered the possibility of legitimizing the government of Díaz by nullifying one of the main axes of dissent and allowing him a strategic alliance that gave him the backing of a
871:
The administration and surveillance of hospitals, public charities, pawnshops, piety mountains, lotteries, prisons, jails, penitentiaries, etc., the care of public health and the prevention of epidemics –of utmost importance in the 19th century– , the administration of "theaters and public
759:
had not yet consolidated its national political dominance. To achieve this, Díaz would need not only the support of his former comrades in arms, but stronger leadership that would ensure his future reelection, and that would integrate the different liberal factions that were in dispute.
307:
At the
Colegio de San Gregorio, due to his brilliant participation in the discussions of the Academy of Jurisprudence, Romero Rubio received various offers to occupy positions in the government; however, he did not accept these invitations, preferring to finish his studies.
63:
805:
The competences of the
Secretary of the Interior under the leadership of Manuel Romero Rubio covered a wide range of powers that, due to their enormous social and political weight, were essential for the constitution of the
924:
managed to successfully attract all kinds of social and political strata that adhered to its cause. With this impressive maneuver, Romero Rubio managed to transform the political environment –which did not originally favor
850:. As can be seen, it's intermediation between the capital and the federal entities gave this Secretariat an essential role during the Porfiriato regime, which could not have continued without this political consensus.
875:
As for financial matters, one of the initiatives of Manuel Romero Rubio was the reduction of public spending by this
Secretariat, which, despite its immense relevance, received a lower budget than ministries like the
613:
in charge of the organization of the military affairs of the capital, and Romero Rubio of the civil affairs. In July of that year, Manuel Romero Rubio was briefly imprisoned in the capital and later fled to
724:
The popularity of Lerdo de Tejada waned not only before figures like Romero Rubio, but before other political agents who criticized him harshly for not listening neither respecting the ideas of others.
408:
was established, where Manuel Romero Rubio – without having proposed a candidacy – was elected alternate deputy by the State of Mexico thanks to his excellent reputation as a magistrate in the
543:
463:
838:
Monitoring the legitimacy of the electoral elections, an essential issue to maintain the Díaz regime. As part of this function, the
Secretariat of the Interior was also in charge of the
1301:
732:
politicians in high positions in the public administration, which in his opinion produced the political fissure that allowed the
Porfiristas to gain power in the political sphere.
326:
On January 11, 1854, Romero Rubio obtained his law degree from the Colegio de San Gregorio, and enrolled before the National Association Bar with the financial support of
813:
The core of the functions of the Secretary was to guarantee public tranquility, which implied its participation in various essential issues for the functioning of the state:
492:
On November 20, 1858, when he was released along with the rest of the ex-Accorda political prisoners, Manuel Romero Rubio was appointed head of the Huastecas forces of the
877:
767:, and create a peace agreement that would give stability to the new government, which included not only Romero Rubio among its ranks, but also many other former
1296:
333:
That same year, he opened his own law firm, which was one of the most prominent in the capital, and attended by figures from various political positions.
929:–, and consolidate him before public opinion as the only figure capable of continuing the progressive project and maintaining the country's stability.
735:
In 1877, Romero Rubio returned to Mexico with the intention of negotiating a "peaceful campaign in favor of constitutional restoration", and landed in
311:
The Colegio de San Gregorio –considered as a center of independent thought–, underwent government scrutiny and was closed briefly under the return of
653:
intentions to extend his mandate further distanced the liberal groups and three main factions emerged: the Juaristas who supported the presidency of
945:
122:
728:
Some of the criticisms that Romero Rubio expressed about Lerdo before belonging to the Porfirian government was his obstinacy in only including
861:
377:
1276:
820:
the partial or total suspension of constitutional guarantees in cases of hazard of public peace, as well as the power to promote before the
1106:
622:
598:
74:
443:
693:
de Tejada and the accusations of electoral fraud produced many disagreements that led to the armed uprising of the Porfirista group.
542:, and Romero Rubio returned to Tamaulipas, from where he organized his division to confront conservative groups that opposed the new
1281:
860:
Coercive instruments. The Secretariat of the Interior had coercive instruments to maintain public tranquility. One of them was the
1041:
1009:
816:
Monitor compliance with the Constitution. To achieve this, so the Secretary of the Interior maintained powers to request to the
960:
842:
in the management of Romero Rubio, since the establishment of the electoral consensus required good communications between the
1002:
428:
397:
350:
312:
323:
which emerged as a protest, and which was joined by several figures who later occupied high positions in Mexican politics.
821:
768:
717:
689:
662:
633:
mandate; however, these disagreements did not prevent Manuel Romero Rubio from supporting Juárez during the war against
301:
284:
143:
508:
497:
435:
416:
405:
1306:
1023:
795:
346:
959:
and was an event of national importance that shook the country's political class. All public buildings, including la
940:, a select intellectual and political circle close to the power. Manuel Romero Rubio was the leader and protector of
626:
368:
After the triumph of the Plan of Ayutla, Romero Rubio was appointed magistrate of the first instance in the court of
672:
government, Romero Rubio was also named Supernumerary Magistrate of the Supreme Court, and deputy for the state of
26:
327:
218:
197:
470:
1204:
Velador Castañeda, J. A. Edgar Oscar (1990). "Manuel Romero Rubio, factor político primordial del porfiriato".
847:
835:– untouched powers throughout the period in which Romero Rubio was in charge of the Secretary of the Interior.
832:
747:
government as legitimate. Upon arriving to Mexico, he publicly declared his estrangement from Lerdo de Tejada.
1016:
320:
973:
900:
group in 1892 with the aim of consolidating it as a political party, although it never fully became one. The
991:
933:
921:
901:
897:
864:; the Rural Police of the Federation – originally created to protect the main commercial routes that led to
455:
949:
764:
634:
566:
493:
478:
439:
362:
229:
610:
828:
817:
555:
512:
381:
354:
853:
Monitoring of freedom of the press; In this case, the Secretariat also monitored the movements of the
376:. Two months later, he declined the position and returned to the capital to serve as secretary of the
1291:
1286:
721:
to say, the same year that the armed uprising broke out to avoid the reelection of Lerdo de Tejada.
474:
304:, among other colleagues who later acquired highly relevant roles in the national political sphere.
783:
247:
22:
1037:
482:
516:
279:, October 3, 1895), was a Mexican politician and lawyer who participated in the governments of
673:
451:
401:
527:, with the purpose of convincing him about the great need to speed up the declaration of the
987:
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913:
905:
885:
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602:
574:
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520:
459:
424:
358:
316:
288:
280:
165:
95:
485:, from where they corresponded with their allies, to stay informed about the events of the
824:
law initiatives and constitutional reforms, which allowed in 1887 the reelection of Díaz.
763:
Manuel Romero Rubio's presence in the country served to unify the different voices of the
736:
586:
581:, and Romero Rubio was appointed to reorganize custom clearance and the government of the
420:
373:
1040:
on line B was inaugurated, due to its proximity to the Romero Rubio neighborhood of the
963:, dressed in mourning, while schools, social clubs, and businesses closed their doors.
342:
908:
reelection apparently liberal and democratic foundations. With a manifesto written by
1270:
941:
937:
740:
705:
637:, gathering in 1867 a significant amount of economic resources to finance his army.
909:
62:
33:
944:
until his death, when he inherited his legacy to his political protégé, the young
782:
and the remnants of the Lerdismo was reflected in 1881 with the marriage between
995:
956:
865:
843:
606:
585:; later he served as president of the Congress and representative deputy of the
582:
578:
539:
528:
447:
385:
276:
272:
214:
193:
531:, whose project had been postponed due to the country's political instability.
917:
807:
646:
570:
559:
501:
486:
409:
369:
755:
Upon the arrival in Mexico of Manuel Romero Rubio in 1878, the government of
980:
854:
519:, where he met with other liberal leaders and was commissioned to meet with
454:. However, in December 1857 he resigned his position due to the addition of
862:
National Guard of the Federal District and the Territory of Baja California
1114:
Instituto de Investigaciones Dr. José María Luis Mora (Tesis de Maestría)
524:
37:
1030:
700:, Lerdo de Tejada and his cabinet –including Manuel Romero Rubio and
427:–which had been reestablished in Mexico during the dictatorship of
1107:"Manuel Romero Rubio, factor político primordial del porfiriato"
979:
Receives the Bust of the Liberator granted by the Government of
839:
625:
caused fractures in the liberal groups, and Romero Rubio joined
507:
However, Romero Rubio remained at the head of the division when
712:
Political estrangement between Romero Rubio and Lerdo de Tejada
641:
The restored Republic: collaboration with the Juárez government
295:
Education as a lawyer and the beginning of his political career
786:
Castelló –daughter of Manuel Romero Rubio– and Porfirio Díaz.
511:
was wounded after a confrontation with conservative forces in
419:, his votes in favor of the confiscation of the assets of the
315:
on October 20, 1853. For this reason, Manuel Romero Rubio and
896:
As Minister of the Interior, Manuel Romero Rubio founded the
827:
Intermediation in the relations between the capital with the
775:
experienced circle of Mexican politicians and intellectuals.
469:
At the end of March 1858, the new conservative government of
912:, multiple calls for parades and demonstrations in favor of
341:
In 1854, being 26 years old, Manuel Romero Rubio joined the
1206:
Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (Tesis de Maestría)
442:
politician and, in September 1857, he held the position of
319:, among other students, became the main organizers of the
857:
in Mexico, not always in favor of freedom of expression.
515:; moment when Manuel Romero Rubio directed his troops to
790:
Secretariat of the Interior: functions and contributions
649:
and despite its victory, the liberal party was divided.
458: –Governor of the Federal District– to the
716:
The political rupture between Manuel Romero Rubio and
1222:
Velasco, Alfonso Luis (1892). "Manuel Romero Rubio".
955:
Romero Rubio's death occurred on October 3, 1895, in
936:
formed the basis of what would later become known as
794:
After the 1884 elections, Romero Rubio was appointed
21:"Romero Rubio" redirects here. For his daughter, see
751:
Romero Rubio and the consolidation of the Porfiriato
680:
Collaboration with the government of Lerdo de Tejada
696:On November 21, 1876, with the military victory of
504:, who named him second in command of his division.
254:
243:
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180:
175:
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121:
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91:
73:
53:
892:Romero Rubio, the Liberal Union and the Scientists
593:The French intervention and his support for Juárez
739:on June 14, 1878; that is, two months after the
661:, and the Lerdistas who opted for leadership by
550:Participation in the government of Benito Juárez
904:was part of a broader plan that sought to give
44: and the second or maternal family name is
1302:Presidents of the Chamber of Deputies (Mexico)
1255:"Los funerales del Sr. Manuel Romero Rubio".
8:
629:, who questioned the excessive extension of
481:who were transferred to the dungeons of the
135:August 31, 1876 – November 20, 1876
990:, he presides over the celebrations of the
621:The political instability generated by the
392:Romero Rubio Constituent and the Reform War
87:December 1, 1884 – October 3, 1895
657:, the Porfiristas who were on the side of
61:
50:
802:; position that he held until his death.
558:, the last military confrontation of the
462:; whose main objective was to reject the
25:. For the Mexico City Metro station, see
1241:. México: Ed. Hermes, Colegio de México.
878:Secretariat of Finance and Public Credit
1054:
967:National and international recognitions
1038:Romero Rubio station of the CDMX metro
378:Supreme Court of Justice of the Nation
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1078:
1033:(Colima Congress, November 12, 1895).
1029:Appointed Benemérito of the State of
7:
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1062:
1060:
1058:
1297:Mexican secretaries of the interior
337:Participation in the Plan of Ayutla
920:clubs throughout the country, the
14:
1105:Uribe Delabra, Maddelyne (2018).
796:Secretary General of the Interior
554:Romero Rubio was involved in the
406:Constituent Congress of 1856-1857
1010:Commander of the Legion of Honor
1237:Cosío Villegas, Daniel (1979).
357:, he held a first meeting with
1015:Assumes the presidency of the
1003:Order of Isabella the Catholic
872:entertainment", among others.
704:– went into exile in the
577:established his government in
496:army, and joined the front of
1:
992:First Pan-american Conference
438:positioned Romero Rubio as a
423:, and the dissolution of the
361:as the representative of the
16:Mexican politician and lawyer
1277:Politicians from Mexico City
743:. government recognized the
328:José Urbano Fonseca Martínez
123:Secretary of Foreign Affairs
36:, the first or paternal
1024:Order of the Crown of Italy
498:General Juan J. de la Garza
400:resignation in 1855 by the
1323:
1239:Historia Moderna de México
932:The group that headed the
473:apprehended Romero Rubio,
431:– are specially relevant.
380:and, later, as advisor to
31:
27:Romero Rubio metro station
20:
946:Secretary of the Treasury
663:Sebastián Lerdo de Tejada
645:At the conclusion of the
450:during the government of
444:Secretary of the Interior
434:His interventions in the
382:Colonel Agustín Alcerreca
285:Sebastián Lerdo de Tejada
262:
171:
144:Sebastián Lerdo de Tejada
128:
80:
75:Secretary of the Interior
69:
60:
1282:Lawyers from Mexico City
972:Second Councilor of the
635:Maximiliano de Habsburgo
565:With the victory of the
321:Club Político el Águila,
974:Mexican Bar Association
534:Finally, in July 1859,
349:, centralist President
239:Agustina Castelló Rivas
916:, and the creation of
365:clubs in Mexico City.
117:Manuel González Cossío
1257:El Siglo Diez y Nueve
829:Congress of the Union
818:Congress of the Union
627:Jesús González Ortega
353:government and, with
107:Carlos Díez Gutiérrez
1224:Biblioteca de México
556:Battle of Calpulapan
464:Constitution of 1857
436:Constituent Congress
417:Constituent Congress
345:, aimed at removing
1042:Venustiano Carranza
1001:Decorated with the
950:José Yves Limantour
822:Chamber of deputies
784:Carmen Romero Rubio
623:French intervention
611:General de la Garza
599:French intervention
471:Félix María Zuloaga
269:Manuel Romero Rubio
250:Castelló inter alia
248:Carmen Romero Rubio
55:Manuel Romero Rubio
23:Carmen Romero Rubio
1307:Senators of Mexico
1259:. October 5, 1895.
961:Villa de Guadalupe
778:This pact between
384:, governor of the
275:, March 7, 1828 –
258:Politician, lawyer
155:Juan de Dios Arias
452:Ignacio Comonfort
415:As member of the
402:Ayutla Revolution
355:Miguel Buenrostro
266:
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1118:
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1111:
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988:Ignacio Mariscal
848:States of Mexico
833:States of Mexico
702:Mariano Escobedo
583:Federal District
460:Plan of Tacubaya
448:Federal District
425:Society of Jesus
386:Federal District
317:Ignacio Mariscal
211:
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176:Personal details
166:Guillermo Prieto
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1017:Bar Association
969:
942:the Científicos
938:the Científicos
894:
792:
771:personalities.
753:
718:Lerdo de Tejada
714:
690:Lerdo de Tejada
682:
643:
595:
587:State of Mexico
552:
517:San Luis Potosí
394:
339:
302:Lerdo de Tejada
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1019:(Mexico, 1892)
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968:
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840:postal service
791:
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752:
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710:
684:In 1872, when
681:
678:
642:
639:
618:, Tamaulipas.
594:
591:
551:
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538:announced the
393:
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343:Plan of Ayutla
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212:(aged 67)
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919:
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902:Liberal Union
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886:Porfirio Díaz
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34:Spanish name
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1292:1895 deaths
1287:1828 births
996:Mexico City
986:Along with
957:Mexico City
866:Mexico City
668:During the
607:Mexico City
597:During the
579:Mexico City
540:Reform laws
529:Reform laws
509:De la Garza
483:ex-Acordada
277:Mexico City
273:Mexico City
215:Mexico City
194:Mexico City
151:Preceded by
103:Preceded by
1271:Categories
1049:References
1008:Appointed
994:, held in
918:Porfirista
810:hegemony.
730:Juarista's
647:Reform War
571:Reform War
560:Reform War
502:Tamaulipas
487:Reform War
477:and other
429:Santa Anna
410:Tulancingo
370:Tulancingo
351:Santa Anna
313:Santa Anna
255:Occupation
187:1828-03-07
1022:Receives
981:Venezuela
808:Porfirian
674:Chihuahua
601:in 1863,
513:Corcovada
140:President
131:In office
92:President
83:In office
1044:borough.
846:and the
831:and the
737:Veracruz
651:Juárez's
631:Juárez's
609:leaving
525:Veracruz
479:liberals
244:Children
221:, Mexico
200:, Mexico
32:In this
844:capital
769:Lerdist
567:liberal
494:liberal
446:of the
440:liberal
412:court.
374:Hidalgo
363:Liberal
230:Liberal
38:surname
1031:Colima
1026:(1893)
1012:(1889)
1005:(1889)
998:(1889)
983:(1888)
976:(1878)
906:Diaz's
688:died,
670:Juárez
603:Juárez
536:Juárez
421:clergy
404:, the
396:After
236:Spouse
42:Romero
1110:(PDF)
855:press
605:left
300:with
46:Rubio
927:Díaz
914:Díaz
780:Díaz
745:Diaz
616:Tula
287:and
219:D.F.
205:Died
198:D.F.
181:Born
798:by
741:U.S
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523:in
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