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later participated in the July 20, 1810, independence movements. Josefa Ballén and
Francisca Prieto even guarded the viceroy's wife from the prison to the viceroy's palace. The women of independence wove social ties that favored the independence movement from their "traditional" roles as mothers, fostering spaces for discussion and debate.
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The constant participation of women in
Manuela's salons reflects and evidences the transcendence of women in Colombia's independence process. Women like Josefa Antonia Baraya, Josefa Ballén de Guzmán, and Manuela's daughter, Tomasa González Manrique y Sanz de Santamaría, attended these circles and
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was founded in 1801, contributing to the literary history of
Colombia. The ideas of enlightenment, rationalism, and naturalism, which inspired the Independence generation, were discussed. These gatherings were activities to promote the exchange of ideas and healthy debate, and were social literary
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He went to visit her accompanied by some friends who had spoken much about Doña
Manuela's talent and knowledge, and she received him with all the courtesies one would expect. The conversation, of course, was about natural sciences, in which our literata shone, speaking to the Baron with ease and
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Doña
Manuela was not only a literata but also a naturalist. She had a valuable and very curious cabinet of natural history, formed and classified by herself. At night, her salon was filled with all the literati of Santa Fe, and they spent the evening engaged in literary exercises, in which Doña
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circles of the elite to discuss everyday, intellectual, and political topics. Political relationships, romances, and ideologies and movements were built there. Manuela's salon was open to both men and women, breaking the strict gender division in that colonial society.
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She was born into an aristocratic family in Santafé, the daughter of
Francisco Sanz de Santamaría, mayor of Santafé in 1753 and 1762, and Petronila de Prieto Salazar y Ricaurte, recognized figures of Santafé society. Her brother was
408:
Lleras
Restrepo, Carlos; Lleras Camargo, Alberto; Pastrana Borrero, Misael; Barco Vargas, Virgilio; Duran Gomez, Eduardo; Santos, Eduardo; Cacua Prada, Antonio; Lopez Michelsen, Alfonso; Arciniegas, Germán (2017-09-15).
379:
Lara
Betancourt, Patricia. “La sala doméstica en Santa Fe de Bogotá, siglo XIX, el decorado: la sala barroca”, in Historia Crítica, Universidad de los Andes, núm. 20, julio-diciembre, 2001.
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competence. Then she introduced him to her small natural history cabinet, where she had more opportunity to shine, discussing each of the objects she presented to the Baron.
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Different scientific, literary, and political topics were discussed at the meetings, sometimes including subjects forbidden by the
Spanish crown, so they met in secret.
388:
Uribe Pinto, Roberto. “Las tertulias literarias en Bogotá”, in Boletín de la
Academia Colombiana, tomo XLVII, núm. 195, Santafé de Bogotá, enero-febrero-marzo de 1997.
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Her daughter Tomasa Manrique Santamaría and her cousin Francisca Prieto y Ricaurte were members of this circle. Francisca met her future husband,
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Liévano, Roberto. “Tertulias literarias en Santafé y en Bogotá”, in Revista Cultura, vol. 5, núm. 25–30, Santafé de Bogotá, enero-junio de 1918.
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She owned one of the largest natural history libraries in the viceroyalty, visited by both locals and foreigners like Baron
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Vergara y Vergara, José. Historia de la literatura en Nueva Granada. Bogotá, Talleres Gráficos del Banco Popular, 1974.
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Monsalve, José Dolores. Heroínas de la independencia. 2nd ed., Bogotá, Academia Colombiana de Historia, 2010.
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of Manuel del Socorro Rodríguez de la Victoria, Manuela Sanz de Santamaría's was outstanding, nicknamed
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443:"10 mujeres que participaron en la independencia Colombiana – El Baluarte – Periodico de La Candelaria"
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Manuela and her two children, Tomasa and José Angel, who were in their early youth, took part.
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241:," she was one of the most recognized figures of the time in the city of Santafé.
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She married Francisco Javier González-Manrique y Flórez on December 20, 1772.
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1740–1817) was a learned, polyglot, and intellectual woman from New Granada.
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Vergara y Vergara, José María. Historia de la Literatura en la Nueva Granada
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Textos y testimonios de académicos: Textos y testimonios de académicos
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She was the most recognized intellectual in Santafé de Bogotá, in the
325:, who praised the size of her library and referred to her as a "
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and his wife Josefa Ballén de Guzmán, who was an active member,
15:
558:
https://www.cemhal.org/anteriores/2017_2018/181_1_Laura.pdf
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https://www.cemhal.org/anteriores/2017_2018/181_1_Laura.pdf
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Notable figures and poets such as José María Salazar,
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María Manuela Sanz de Santamaría y Prieto de Salazar
351:Along with other prominent salons of the time like
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467:"Las Mujeres y la Independencia en América Latina"
276:, Francisco Antonio Ulloa, José Miguel Montalvo,
415:(in Spanish). Academia Colombiana de Historia.
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572:Custodio García Rovira El estudiante mártir
234:during the 18th and early 19th centuries.
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327:charming, cultured, and interesting lady
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187:Estanislao Vergara y Sanz de Santamaría
163:Petronila de Prieto Salazar y Ricaurte
575:(in Spanish). Ediciones Libro Total.
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332:José Manuel Groot, mentioning Baron
182:Antonia Vergara y Sanz de Santamaría
569:Prada, Antonio Cacua (2019-03-26).
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177:José Bernardo Sáenz de Santamaría
359:circle that met at the house of
151:called "Tertulia del Buen Gusto"
20:
496:(in Spanish). Imprenta nacional
490:Monsalve, José Dolores (1926).
369:*The wise woman of the colony*.
348:, at one of these gatherings.
118:"The wise woman of the colony"
1:
515:"Trece Divisas de Valdeosera"
313:José María Vergara y Vergara
239:The wise woman of the colony
160:Francisco Sanz de Santamaría
493:Mujeres de la independencia
357:*La Sociedad de los Sabios*
355:founded by Antonio Nariño,
194:Sanz de Santamaría (nephew)
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221:Viceroyalty of New Granada
100:Viceroyalty of New Granada
74:Manuela Sanz de Santamaría
633:Colombian women educators
618:Sanz de Santamaría family
297:Josefa de Zúñiga y Castro
262:"Tertulia del Buen Gusto"
232:"Tertulia del Buen Gusto"
79:
537:, p. 305 – Bogotá 1867.
361:José Sanz de Santamaría
290:Academia del Buen Gusto
252:José Sanz de Santamaría
199:(brother-in-law's aunt)
172:José Sanz de Santamaría
35:, as no other articles
323:Alexander von Humboldt
254:, a hero of Colombia.
628:Colombian women poets
270:José Fernández Madrid
471:www.nottingham.ac.uk
286:José María Gutiérrez
197:Clemencia de Caycedo
613:Colombian feminists
179:(great-grandfather)
294:Marquesa de Sarria
227:), founder of the
210:Manuela Santamaría
54:for suggestions.
44:to this page from
582:978-0-463-01153-9
422:978-958-5154-46-9
260:In her home, the
214:Santafé de Bogotá
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137:Years active
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586:. Retrieved
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517:(in Spanish)
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131:intellectual
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643:1817 deaths
638:1740 births
237:Nicknamed "
59:August 2024
602:Categories
588:2023-10-03
521:2023-10-03
500:2023-12-08
476:2023-10-03
452:2023-10-03
428:2023-10-03
396:References
50:; try the
37:link to it
336:, says, “
245:Biography
223:(today's
174:(brother)
168:Relatives
156:Parent(s)
40:. Please
334:Humboldt
225:Colombia
189:(nephew)
127:polyglot
311:” says
292:of the
184:(niece)
96:Santafé
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419:
284:, and
33:orphan
31:is an
363:, or
577:ISBN
417:ISBN
129:and
110:1817
107:Died
92:1740
89:Born
329:."
208:or
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