Knowledge (XXG)

Manx runestones

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The Manx runestones are consequently similar to the Scandinavian ones, but whereas a Norwegian runestone is called "stone" in the inscriptions, even if it is in the shape of a cross, the runestones that were raised in the British isles are typically called "crosses". There are also two slabs incised
71:
In addition, the church contributed by not condemning the runes as pagan, but instead it encouraged the recording of people for Christian purposes. Sixteen of the stones bear the common formula, "N ... put up this cross in memory of M", but among the other ten there is also a stone raised for the
4330: 3604: 3529: 2545:
and the short-twig runes are dated to the second half of the 10th century. It has been badly damaged since it was recorded. One of the figures depicted on the cross holds a small sword in his right hand and an Alpine horn in his left while a raven flies overhead. It has been suggested that this
560:. Only attribution to the one who raised the stone—Þorvaldr—remains of the message inscribed on the cross. It has been badly damaged since it was recorded. The stone depicts a bearded human holding a spear downward at a wolf, his right foot in its mouth, while a large bird sits at his shoulder. 2909:
This inscription is found on a slab of stone that was used in a grave. It was discovered at the upper end of the Corna valley, but is now at the church Maughold. The short-twig inscription is dated to the second half of the 12th century and it was made by the same runemaster as Br Olsen;202A.
3927: 2775:
This runic inscription is found on a stone slab that was used in a grave. It is located near the church Maughold. The inscription is dated to the second half of the 12th century, and it was made by the same runemaster as Br Olsen;202B. On the stone can also be seen the first half of the
1873:
This runestone consists of a short-twig runic inscription on an old Irish stone cross. The inscriptions A, B and C date from the Viking Age, while D is later. A and B were made by the same scribe, C and D were made by a second and a third one, while a fourth scribe made E, F and G.
1260: 4298:
mal:lymkun : raisti : krus : þena : efter : mal:mury : fustra : si(n)e : tot(o)r : tufkals : kona : is : aþisl : ati {+ ¶} ...etra : es : laifa : fustra : kuþan : þan : son : ilan
3128:
This inscription is dated to c. 1000 and found on a slab of stone that was used in a grave, and it is located at the church Maughold. The inscription is in long-branch runes, except for the s rune, and there is reason to believe that it was made by a visitor to the Isle of Man.
98: 1866: 2249:
This stone cross is located in the chapel of Saint John. The inscription is in short-twig runes and it is dated to between 930 and 950. The inscription is secondary and it is poorly preserved. Only a few main staffs are visible.
60:, in 1983 numbering as many as 26 surviving stones, which can be compared to 33 in all of Norway. So many of them may appear on the Isle of Man because of the merging of the immigrant Norse runestone tradition with the local 790:
This fragment was discovered at Larivane Cottage it is a slab of stone was once part of a grave. The inscription was made in relief form, and it is located in the Manx Museum. What remains of the inscription cannot be read.
762:
Only a fragment remains of this slab of stone that was once part of a grave. It is dated to the Viking Age and it is located in the church Andreas. Too little remains of the inscription to allow any decipherment.
3911:× mail:brikti : sunr : aþakans : smiþ : raisti : krus : þano : fur :¶ salu : sina : sin:bruku in : kaut ׶ kirþi : þano : auk ¶ ala : i maun × 583:. Next to the image is a depiction of a large cross and another image parallel to it that has been described as Christ triumphing over Satan. These combined elements have led to the cross as being described as " 3379:
This inscription is found on a slab of stone that was used in a grave. It is located in the Manx Museum. It is in short-twig runes and it is dated to the Viking Age. It was engraved in memory of a wife.
658:
This stone cross is located in the church Andreas. It is engraved with short-twig runes and it is dated to the 10th century. What remains of the message informs that it was raised in memory of someone.
750:
Only fragments remain of this stone cross, and they are located in the church Andreas. The inscription has not been deciphered, but it is of note as it consists of unusual twig runes and
3611:
This stone cross is located in the church Kirk Michael, and it is dated to the Viking Age. The inscription is in short-twig runes and it was dedicated to a man while he was alive.
3112:
This fragment of a stone cross was found in Ballagilley. It is now located at the church Maughold. It is dated to the Viking Age but only four runes remain of the inscription.
2783: 5431:
Pluskowski, Aleks (2004). "Apocalyptic Monsters: Animal Inspirations for the Iconography of Medieval Northern Devourers". In Bildhauer, Bettina; Mills, Robert (eds.).
3914:{} Melbrigði, {} sonr {} Aðakáns {} Smiðs, {} reisti {} kross {} þenna {} fyr {} sálu {} sína {} synd...(?), en {} Gautr {} gerði {} þenna {} ok {} alla {} í Mǫn. {} 6066: 1624:
This runestone consists of a fragment of slate. It is dated to the Viking Age and it is located in Manx Museum. The only message that remains consists of "made".
2373:
This stone cross is found in Manx Museum. The inscription is in short-twig runes, but it may be later than the Viking Age. It was inscribed in memory of a wife.
2242: 3934:
This is an old Irish stone cross that received an inscription in long branch runes, and it was probably by a Danish visitor in the 11th century. There are
557: 2762: 529:
sont:ulf : hin : suarti : raisti : krus : þona : aftir : arin:biaurk * kuinu : sina (u) k : au : (o)ks/(b)ks
6089: 5829: 2366: 4691: 4320:, his foster(-mother?), Dufgal's daughter, the wife whom Aðísl owned (= was married to). (It) is better to leave a good foster-son than a wretched son." 318:
This stone cross is located in the church Andreas. It is engraved with short-twig runes, and it is dated to c. 940. It was erected in memory of a wife.
4667:+ iualfir : sunr : þurulfs : hins : rauþa : ris(t)i : krus : þono : aft : friþu : muþur : sino + 4460:
This is a stone cross that is located in the church Michael. The inscription in short-twig runes was made in the 980s by a runemaster named Thorbjörn.
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Manx Crosses or The Inscribed and Sculptured Monuments of the Isle of Man From About the End of the Fifth to the Beginning of the Thirteenth Century
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These fragments of a stone cross are found at Balleigh, and they are dated to the Viking Age. Only traces of runes remain and they cannot be read.
6034: 4337:
This is a stone cross that is found in the church Michael. The inscription with short-twig runes was made in the second half of the 11th century.
295:... (þ)(a) : (u)(f)(a)ik : fauþur : sin : in : kautr : kari : sunr : biarnar f(r)(a) : (k)(u)(l)(i) 2534: 6789: 6195: 6190: 6130: 6003: 5859: 5771: 5658: 5654: 5650: 4816:
This fragment of a stone cross is located in the church Kirk Michael. The inscription was made during the Viking Age with short-twig runes.
4309:{} fóstra {} sín, {} dóttir {} Dufgals, {} kona {} er {} Aðísl {} átti. {} Betra {} er {} leifa {} fóstra {} góðan {} en {} son {} illan. {} 5502: 5887: 5646: 5642: 5638: 1697:
depends on the original context of the sentence as a whole (or at least the words surrounding this single word), which here appears lost.
1616:
This fragment of a runestone is located in Manx Museum. It is probably from the Viking Age, but as of 2006, it had not yet been analysed.
6784: 6779: 6408: 6059: 4773:
This fragment of a stone cross is located in the church Kirk Michael. The inscription was made in short-twig runes between 930 and 950.
1601:þurlibr : nhaki : risti : krus : þono : aft fiak : s(u) (s)in : (b)ruþur:sun : habrs × {IHSVS} 3536:
This fragment of a stone cross is located in the church Kirk Michael. The inscription in short-twig runes is dated to the Viking Age.
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This stone cross is located in the church Michael. It was engraved with short-twig runes in the second half of the 10th century.
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Sandulfr {} hinn {} Svarti {} reisti {} kross {} þenna {} eptir {} Arinbjǫrgu, {} konu {} sína. ... {} ... {} ... {} ...
5899: 5438: 3917:"Melbrigði, the son of Aðakán the Smith, raised this cross for his sin ... soul, but Gautr made this and all in Man." 6322: 6135: 5916: 5871: 5787: 3097:+ krisþ : malaki : ok baþr(i)k : (a)þ(a)(n)man {(×) ¶ ÷} * sauþ * a... * iuan * brist * i kurnaþal * 587:"; a mixture of pagan and Christian beliefs. Andy Orchard comments that the bird on Odin's shoulder may be either 6665: 6423: 6155: 6150: 5812: 1604:Þorleifr {} Hnakki {} reisti {} kross {} þenna {} ept {} Fiak, {} son sinn, {} bróðurson {} Hafrs. {} {ihsvs>} 6733: 6685: 6185: 5495: 5924: 5700: 2687:
This stone cross is located in Saint Trinian's chapel. The short-twig inscription is dated to the Viking Age.
6261: 5936: 5804: 5713: 6491: 6373: 6205: 6160: 5563: 5460: 5352: 6609: 6565: 6170: 6075: 5981: 5536: 4674:, {} sonr {} Þórulfs {} hins {} Rauða, {} reisti {} kross {} þenna {} ept {} Fríðu, {} móður {} sína. {} 6452: 5961: 3100:{} Kristr, {} Malaki {} ok Patrik. {} Adamnán {} ... {} ... {} ... {} Jóan {} prestr {} í Kornadal. {} 1410:
This runestone which is dated to the 980s is found in the church Braddan. The inscription consists of
298:... þenna {} ept Ófeig, {} fǫður {} sinn, {} en {} Gautr {} gerði, {} sonr {} Bjarnar frá {} Kolli. {} 56:, mostly in the 10th century. Despite its small size, the Isle of Man stands out with many Viking Age 6640: 6307: 6282: 6200: 6145: 6109: 5932: 5891: 5883: 5821: 5557: 1109:(þ)(u)(r)... : raisti : krus : þono : ift : ufaak : sun : krinais 32: 6497: 6463: 6327: 6317: 6312: 6251: 5718: 5488: 6246: 6660: 6645: 6550: 6445: 6165: 6017: 5985: 5842: 5795: 5747: 5531: 3272:
heþin : seti : krus : þino : eftir : tutur : sino ¶ lif... ¶ lifilt
6413: 5941: 5808: 5800: 5791: 5759: 2241: 4690: 6690: 6680: 6675: 6540: 6332: 6302: 6266: 5953: 5895: 5855: 5783: 5723: 5708: 5578: 5568: 5525: 5464: 5442: 5409: 5378: 4452: 4329: 3603: 3528: 2365: 588: 301:"... this in memory of Ófeigr, his father, but Gautr made (it), the son of Bjǫrn from Kollr." 77: 5394:
Catalogue of the Manx Crosses with the Runic Inscriptions and Various Readings and Renderings
816:
and they are dated to the second half of the 10th century. It was raised in memory of a son.
105:
This runestone is a stone cross that is located in the church Andreas. The inscription is in
6650: 6588: 6512: 6418: 6363: 6256: 5957: 5945: 5920: 5908: 5879: 5867: 5775: 5767: 5755: 5728: 5573: 5388: 3926: 1726: 1607:"Þorleifr the Neck raised this cross in memory of Fiak, his son, Hafr's brothers son. ihsvs" 1411: 1268: 1133: 982: 813: 106: 6292: 6743: 6728: 6700: 6695: 6670: 6655: 6635: 6479: 6388: 5928: 5912: 5837: 1390:
Oddr {} reisti {} kross {} þenna {} ept {} Frakka, {} fǫður sinn, {} en {} Þorbjǫrn {} ...
5392: 5363: 940:
oulaibr ÷ liu(t)ulbs| |sunr : r(s)rs * þ-na : ai(f)(t)ir * ...-b : sun in
36:
A map of the Norse kingdom that included the Isle of Man at the end of the 11th century.
6758: 6723: 6614: 6468: 6458: 6236: 6231: 6114: 6104: 6099: 6094: 5989: 1402: 1259: 568: 544: 804: 310: 97: 6773: 6753: 6738: 6710: 6593: 6578: 6530: 6393: 5949: 4902: 2533: 1865: 1845:
ruian : sur u(f)kals : raisti krs þina : a(f) aþmiu... : kunu si
6748: 6573: 6403: 6221: 6175: 3275:
Heðinn {} setti {} kross {} þenna {} eptir {} dóttur {} sína {} Hlíf. {} Hlífhildi.
6378: 6287: 6140: 1244:... ...(n) roskitil : uilti : i : triku : aiþsoara : siin 943:Áleifr/Óleifr {} Ljótulfs sonr {} reisti kross {} þnna {} eptir {} f, {} son sinn. 5432: 5403: 6241: 5965: 5779: 5696: 4681:, the son of Þórulfr the Red, raised this cross in memory of Fríða, his mother." 2551: 580: 49: 2513:... ... ...(u)s * þense * efter * asriþi * kunu sina * (t)(u)(t)ur * ut... ...- 1387:
utr : risti : krus : þono : aft : fro(k)(a) (a)(þ) (þ)
981:
This stone cross is located in the church Braddan. The inscription consists of
17: 6535: 5875: 5733: 4923: 1415: 1272: 968: 584: 65: 57: 53: 2516:... ... oss {} þenna {} eptir {} Ástríði, {} konu sína, {} dóttur {} Odd. ... 1267:
This stone cross is found in the church Braddan. The inscription consists of
1136:
and it is dated to the second half of the 10th century. It reports betrayal.
1132:
This stone cross is found in the church Braddan. The inscription consists of
6718: 6583: 6545: 6485: 6368: 5511: 5374: 3278:"Heðinn placed this cross in memory of his daughter Hlíf(hildr). Hlífhildr." 946:"Áleifr/Óleifr, Ljótulfrs son raised this cross in memory of Ulfr, his son." 751: 535:"Sandulfr the Black erected this cross in memory of Arinbjǫrg his wife. ..." 4437:(r)i(m) : risti : krus : þna : ift : rum(u)... ... 2350:... in o(s)(r)(u)(þ)(r) : raist : runar : þsar {× ¶} ----- - 1729:
and it is dated to between 930 and 950. It was raised in memory of a wife.
1725:
This stone cross is found in the church Bride. The inscription consists of
6619: 6525: 6502: 6398: 6383: 6297: 3103:"Christ, Malachi, and Patrick. Adamnán ... Joán the priest in Kornadalr." 2670:... ... on {} sinn, {} en {} annan {} reisti/rétti {} (?) {} eptir Þor... 2547: 1848:
Druian, {} sonr Dufgals, {} reisti kross þenna {} ept Aþmiu, {} konu sín.
1112:Þorsteinn {} reisti {} kross {} þenna {} ept {} Ófeig, {} son {} Krínáns. 81: 45: 6044: 5423:
Page, R. I. (1983) "The Manx Rune-stones", in Parsons, D. (ed). (1995).
2519:"... ... this cross in memory of Ástríðr, his wife, Oddr's daughter ..." 1124: 6555: 6520: 6439: 6348: 6027: 6022: 5473: 4963: 3493:
kuan sunr × mailb—ak... + kirþi + lik+tinn i(f)tir {+ ¶ +} kuina sina +
561: 1851:"Druian, Dufgal's son raised this cross in memory of Aþmiu, his wife." 6353: 5817: 1393:"Oddr raised this cross in memory of Frakki, his father, but ... ..." 1115:"Þorsteinn raised this cross in memory of Ófeigr, the son of Krínán." 812:
This stone cross is located in Ballaugh. The inscription consists of
576: 575:, with a raven or eagle at his shoulder, being consumed by the wolf 4689: 4451: 4328: 3935: 3925: 3602: 3527: 2777: 2542: 2532: 2364: 2240: 1864: 1401: 1258: 1123: 967: 803: 741: 543: 309: 96: 61: 31: 2890:(i)(u)an + brist + raisti + þasir + runur +¶ uþor(k)(h)niastbml + 2673:"... ... his son and raised(?) another ... in memory of Þorb-..." 1250:"... but Hrosketill betrayed the faith of his sworn confederate." 985:
and they are dated to 930–950. It was raised in memory of a man.
5851: 572: 564:
dates it to 940, while Pluskowski dates it to the 11th century.
6048: 5484: 1247:... n Hrossketill {} vélti {} í {} tryggu {} eiðsvara {} sinn. 5480: 4443:"Grímr raised this cross in memory of Hróðmundr ... his ..." 539: 2667:
n : in : onon : raiti ¶ --- * aftir þurb-...
2091:"I examine (the runes) and I interpret (them) rightly.(?)" 5364:
The Runic and Other Monumental Remains of the Isle of Man
540:
Thorwald's Cross: Br Olsen;185A (Andreas (III), MM 128)
4440:
Grímr {} reisti {} kross {} þenna {} ept {} Hróðmu ...
2900:"Jóan the priest carved these runes. Fuþorkhniastbml" 2353:... En Ásrøðr {} reist {} rúnar {} þessar. {} ... ... 1953:...(a) sunr × raisti × if(t) (u)(n)(u) (s)(i)(n)(a) × 5353:'The Manx Runes and the Supposed Jæren Connection', 1275:
is identified as man named Thorbjörn, who also made
6709: 6628: 6602: 6564: 6511: 6432: 6341: 6275: 6214: 6123: 6082: 6010: 5998: 5974: 5836: 5742: 5695: 5587: 5550: 5518: 1279:. It has been badly damaged since it was recorded. 2747:þurbiaurn : risti : krus : þ(o)-... 2766:Maughold Stone I with runic and Ogham inscription 5519:Western route and unspecified expeditions abroad 2893:Jóan {} prestr {} reisti {} þessar {} rúnar. {} 972:Collection of rune stones in Bradden Old Church 5199: 5197: 5124: 5122: 5013: 5011: 5009: 1959:"...'s son raised (this) in memory of his wife" 1712:. Which is intended is impossible to say here. 4985: 4983: 4981: 3514:made the tomb-stone(?) in memory of his wife." 3503:{} gerði {} líkstein(?) eptir {} kona sína. {} 2787:Maughold Stone I – Drawing of the inscriptions 6060: 5496: 8: 5026:Pluskowski (2004:158) and Jansson (1987:152) 4878:... : (f)(t)(i)(r) * (m)(u)... * (u)... 2356:"... and Ásrøðr carved these runes. ... ..." 1681:would also translate into modern Swedish as 5371:The Archaeology of Britain: An Introduction 3342:arni : risti : runar : þisar 2554:, used to announce the coming of Ragnarök. 727:si : rus : þaina : aftiʀ ... 567:This depiction has been interpreted as the 6067: 6053: 6045: 5830:Uppland Rune Inscriptions 101, 143 and 147 5503: 5489: 5481: 4812:Br Olsen;219 (Kirk Michael (VIII), MM 123) 4769:Br Olsen;218B (Kirk Michael (VII), MM 110) 556:, this stone cross is found in the church 6028:Runic inscriptions online interactive map 4999: 4997: 4995: 4919: 4917: 4686:Br Olsen;218A (Kirk Michael (VI), MM 129) 4325:Br Olsen;217A (Kirk Michael (IV), MM 126) 3922:Br Olsen;215 (Kirk Michael (III), MM 130) 3599:Br Olsen;208B (Kirk Michael (II), MM 101) 730:... reisti {} kross {} þenna {} eptir ... 4761:... Gríms/...gríms {} hins {} Svarta. {} 4448:Br Olsen;217B (Kirk Michael (V), MM 132) 4305:{} reisti {} kross {} þenna {} eptir {} 3524:Br Olsen;208A (Kirk Michael (I), MM 102) 3119: 2782: 2761: 2546:figure represents the Norse pagan deity 733:"... raised this cross in memory of ..." 6035:Runic transliteration and transcription 4913: 6196:Margaret of Denmark, Queen of Scotland 4758:... (k)rims : ins : suarta × 3108:Br Olsen;205A (Maughold (III), MM 133) 1956:... sonr {} reisti {} ept konu sína {} 3375:Br Page1998;21 (Maughold (V), MM 175) 3116:Br Olsen;205B (Maughold (IV), MM 142) 2905:Br Olsen;202B (Maughold (II), MM 144) 1255:Br Olsen;191B (Braddan (III), MM 136) 786:Br NOR1992;6B (Andreas (VII), MM 193) 7: 2771:Br Olsen;202A (Maughold (I), MM 145) 1700:The current use of the Swedish word 1620:Br NOR1992;6A (Braddan (VI), MM 200) 1612:Br Page1998;20 (Braddan (V), MM 176) 1398:Br Olsen;193A (Braddan (IV), MM 135) 1120:Br Olsen;191A (Braddan (II), MM 138) 758:Br Page1998;9 (Andreas (VI), MM 121) 654:Br Olsen;185B (Andreas (IV), MM 113) 5457:Dictionary of Norse Myth and Legend 5369:Hunter, John. Ralston, Ian (1999). 5266:Entry Br Page1998;21 in Rundata 2.0 5146:Entry Br Page1998;20 in Rundata 2.0 2361:Br Olsen;200A (German (II), MM 140) 977:Br Olsen;190B (Braddan (I), MM 112) 738:Br Olsen;185C (Andreas (V), MM 111) 306:Br Olsen;184 (Andreas (II), MM 131) 5402:Kermode, Philip Moore C. (2005) . 5329:Entry Br Olsen;218B in Rundata 2.0 5320:Entry Br Olsen;218A in Rundata 2.0 5311:Entry Br Olsen;217B in Rundata 2.0 5302:Entry Br Olsen;217A in Rundata 2.0 5284:Entry Br Olsen;208B in Rundata 2.0 5275:Entry Br Olsen;208A in Rundata 2.0 5257:Entry Br Olsen;205B in Rundata 2.0 5248:Entry Br Olsen;205A in Rundata 2.0 5239:Entry Br Olsen;202B in Rundata 2.0 5230:Entry Br Olsen;202A in Rundata 2.0 5203:Entry Br Olsen;200B in Rundata 2.0 5191:Entry Br Olsen;200A in Rundata 2.0 5164:Entry Br Olsen;193B in Rundata 2.0 5155:Entry Br NOR1992;6A in Rundata 2.0 5137:Entry Br Olsen;193A in Rundata 2.0 5128:Entry Br Olsen;191B in Rundata 2.0 5116:Entry Br Olsen;191A in Rundata 2.0 5107:Entry Br Olsen;190B in Rundata 2.0 5098:Entry Br Olsen;190A in Rundata 2.0 5080:Entry Br NOR1992;6B in Rundata 2.0 5071:Entry Br Page1998;9 in Rundata 2.0 5062:Entry Br Olsen;185C in Rundata 2.0 5053:Entry Br Olsen;185B in Rundata 2.0 4989:Entry Br Olsen;185A in Rundata 2.0 4764:"... (of) Grímr/-grímr the Black." 3591:... kross {} þenna {} eptir {} ... 2750:Þorbjǫrn {} reisti {} kross {} þe. 2088:{} Hygg ek {} at ok ræð ek rtt. {} 1422:. It was made in memory of a son. 1419: 1276: 25: 5408:. Elibron Classics. p. 188. 5338:Entry Br Olsen;219 in Rundata 2.0 5221:Entry Br Olsen;201 in Rundata 2.0 5182:Entry Br Olsen;199 in Rundata 2.0 5173:Entry Br Olsen;194 in Rundata 2.0 5089:Entry Br Olsen;189 in Rundata 2.0 4975:Entry Br Olsen;184 in Rundata 2.0 3594:"... this cross in memory of ..." 3345:Árni {} risti {} rúnar {} þessar. 2237:Br Olsen;199 (German (I), MM 107) 1271:and it is dated to the 980s. The 643:þurualtr ÷ (r) (k)(r)(u)(s) ÷ (þ) 93:Br Olsen;183 (Andreas (I), MM 99) 72:benefit of the runestone raiser. 6795:Runestones in the United Kingdom 6409:Port an Eilean Mhòir boat burial 6323:Scottish–Norwegian War (1262-66) 5427:. The Boydell Press, Woodbridge. 5293:Entry Br Olsen;215in Rundata 2.0 1704:is much more closely related to 4316:raised this cross in memory of 2895:⟨fuþorkhniastbml⟩ 2877:⟨fuþorkhniastbml⟩ 2085:× uk ik at × auk raþ ik r...t × 800:Br Olsen;189 (Ballaugh, MM 106) 649:"Þorvaldr raised (this) cross." 646:Þorvaldr {} reisti kross {} þe. 109:and it commemorates a father. 27:Stone with a runic inscription 1: 6790:Viking Age in the Isle of Man 3512:⟨mailb---ak...⟩ 3501:⟨mailb---ak...⟩ 3416:⟨mailb---ak...⟩ 2753:"Þorbjǫrn raised this cross." 2541:This stone cross is found in 1689:... The meaning of the words 5826:Hargs bro runic inscriptions 5425:Runes and Runic Inscriptions 4873: 4865: 4855: 4847: 4839: 4831: 4823: 4796: 4788: 4780: 4753: 4745: 4737: 4729: 4721: 4713: 4705: 4662: 4654: 4646: 4638: 4630: 4622: 4614: 4606: 4598: 4590: 4582: 4574: 4566: 4558: 4550: 4542: 4534: 4526: 4518: 4510: 4502: 4494: 4486: 4475: 4467: 4432: 4424: 4416: 4408: 4400: 4392: 4384: 4376: 4368: 4360: 4352: 4344: 4293: 4285: 4277: 4269: 4261: 4253: 4245: 4237: 4229: 4221: 4213: 4205: 4197: 4189: 4181: 4173: 4165: 4157: 4149: 4141: 4133: 4125: 4117: 4109: 4101: 4093: 4085: 4077: 4069: 4061: 4053: 4045: 4037: 4027: 4019: 4011: 4003: 3995: 3987: 3979: 3971: 3963: 3955: 3945: 3938:inscriptions on both sides. 3906: 3898: 3890: 3882: 3874: 3866: 3858: 3850: 3842: 3834: 3826: 3818: 3810: 3802: 3794: 3786: 3778: 3770: 3762: 3754: 3746: 3738: 3730: 3722: 3714: 3706: 3698: 3690: 3682: 3674: 3666: 3658: 3650: 3642: 3634: 3626: 3618: 3588:... (s) : þna : af 3583: 3575: 3567: 3559: 3551: 3543: 3488: 3480: 3472: 3464: 3456: 3448: 3440: 3432: 3424: 3414: 3406: 3398: 3387: 3359: 3337: 3329: 3321: 3313: 3305: 3297: 3289: 3267: 3259: 3251: 3243: 3235: 3227: 3219: 3211: 3203: 3195: 3187: 3179: 3171: 3163: 3155: 3147: 3139: 3092: 3084: 3076: 3068: 3060: 3052: 3044: 3036: 3028: 3020: 3012: 3004: 2996: 2989: 2981: 2973: 2965: 2957: 2949: 2941: 2933: 2925: 2917: 2885: 2875: 2867: 2859: 2851: 2843: 2835: 2827: 2819: 2811: 2803: 2795: 2742: 2734: 2726: 2718: 2710: 2702: 2694: 2662: 2654: 2646: 2638: 2630: 2622: 2614: 2606: 2598: 2590: 2582: 2574: 2566: 2508: 2500: 2492: 2484: 2476: 2468: 2460: 2452: 2444: 2436: 2428: 2420: 2412: 2404: 2396: 2388: 2380: 2345: 2337: 2329: 2321: 2313: 2305: 2297: 2289: 2281: 2273: 2265: 2257: 2216: 2208: 2200: 2192: 2184: 2176: 2154: 2146: 2124: 2102: 2080: 2072: 2064: 2056: 2048: 2040: 2032: 2024: 2016: 2008: 1986: 1978: 1970: 1948: 1940: 1932: 1924: 1916: 1908: 1900: 1892: 1884: 1840: 1832: 1824: 1816: 1808: 1800: 1792: 1784: 1776: 1768: 1760: 1752: 1744: 1736: 1663: 1655: 1647: 1639: 1631: 1596: 1588: 1580: 1572: 1564: 1556: 1548: 1540: 1532: 1524: 1516: 1509: 1501: 1493: 1485: 1477: 1469: 1461: 1453: 1445: 1437: 1429: 1382: 1374: 1366: 1358: 1350: 1342: 1334: 1326: 1318: 1310: 1302: 1294: 1286: 1239: 1231: 1223: 1215: 1207: 1199: 1191: 1183: 1175: 1167: 1159: 1151: 1143: 1104: 1096: 1088: 1080: 1072: 1064: 1056: 1048: 1040: 1032: 1024: 1016: 1008: 1000: 992: 935: 927: 919: 911: 903: 895: 887: 879: 871: 863: 855: 847: 839: 831: 823: 770: 722: 714: 706: 698: 690: 682: 674: 666: 638: 630: 622: 614: 606: 598: 524: 516: 508: 500: 492: 484: 477: 469: 461: 453: 445: 437: 429: 421: 413: 405: 397: 389: 381: 373: 365: 357: 349: 341: 333: 325: 290: 283: 275: 267: 259: 251: 243: 235: 227: 219: 211: 203: 195: 187: 179: 171: 163: 155: 147: 139: 132: 124: 116: 6171:Ingibjörg the Earls'-Mother 5439:University of Toronto Press 5420:reprint of 1907 Bemrose ed. 5035:Hunter, Ralston (1999:200). 6811: 6785:Culture of the Isle of Man 6780:History of the Isle of Man 6711:Associated clans and septs 5542:Gunnar's bridge runestones 3348:"Árni carved these runes." 2224:Þúríð {} reist {} rúna. {} 1414:and they were made by the 6191:Margaret, Queen of Norway 6151:Gormflaith ingen Murchada 5813:Snottsta and Vreta stones 5434:The Monstrous Middle Ages 4314:⟨Mallymkun⟩ 4303:⟨mallymkun⟩ 3947:⟨mallymkun⟩ 2227:"Þúríð carved the runes." 2221:þuriþ × raist × rune... × 6186:Margaret, Maid of Norway 6136:Bethóc, Prioress of Iona 5389:Kermode, Philip Moore C. 1668:...---r—nr * kirþi * ... 956:Br Olsen;190A (Balleigh) 6262:Thorbjorn Thorsteinsson 6181:Máel Muire ingen Amlaíb 4870: 4862: 4852: 4844: 4836: 4828: 4820: 4793: 4785: 4777: 4750: 4742: 4734: 4726: 4718: 4710: 4702: 4679:⟨iualfir⟩ 4672:⟨iualfir⟩ 4659: 4651: 4643: 4635: 4627: 4619: 4611: 4603: 4595: 4587: 4579: 4571: 4563: 4555: 4547: 4539: 4531: 4523: 4515: 4507: 4499: 4491: 4483: 4477:⟨iualfir⟩ 4472: 4464: 4429: 4421: 4413: 4405: 4397: 4389: 4381: 4373: 4365: 4357: 4349: 4341: 4318:⟨Malmury⟩ 4307:⟨malmury⟩ 4290: 4282: 4274: 4266: 4258: 4250: 4242: 4234: 4226: 4218: 4210: 4202: 4194: 4186: 4178: 4170: 4162: 4154: 4146: 4138: 4130: 4122: 4114: 4106: 4098: 4090: 4082: 4074: 4066: 4058: 4050: 4042: 4034: 4029:⟨malmury⟩ 4024: 4016: 4008: 4000: 3992: 3984: 3976: 3968: 3960: 3952: 3942: 3903: 3895: 3887: 3879: 3871: 3863: 3855: 3847: 3839: 3831: 3823: 3815: 3807: 3799: 3791: 3783: 3775: 3767: 3759: 3751: 3743: 3735: 3727: 3719: 3711: 3703: 3695: 3687: 3679: 3671: 3663: 3655: 3647: 3639: 3631: 3623: 3615: 3580: 3572: 3564: 3556: 3548: 3540: 3485: 3477: 3469: 3461: 3453: 3445: 3437: 3429: 3421: 3411: 3403: 3395: 3384: 3356: 3334: 3326: 3318: 3310: 3302: 3294: 3286: 3264: 3256: 3248: 3240: 3232: 3224: 3216: 3208: 3200: 3192: 3184: 3176: 3168: 3160: 3152: 3144: 3136: 3089: 3081: 3073: 3065: 3057: 3049: 3041: 3033: 3025: 3017: 3009: 3001: 2994: 2986: 2978: 2970: 2962: 2954: 2946: 2938: 2930: 2922: 2914: 2882: 2872: 2864: 2856: 2848: 2840: 2832: 2824: 2816: 2808: 2800: 2792: 2739: 2731: 2723: 2715: 2707: 2699: 2691: 2659: 2651: 2643: 2635: 2627: 2619: 2611: 2603: 2595: 2587: 2579: 2571: 2563: 2558: 2505: 2497: 2489: 2481: 2473: 2465: 2457: 2449: 2441: 2433: 2425: 2417: 2409: 2401: 2393: 2385: 2377: 2342: 2334: 2326: 2318: 2310: 2302: 2294: 2286: 2278: 2270: 2262: 2254: 2213: 2205: 2197: 2189: 2181: 2173: 2151: 2143: 2121: 2099: 2077: 2069: 2061: 2053: 2045: 2037: 2029: 2021: 2013: 2005: 1983: 1975: 1967: 1945: 1937: 1929: 1921: 1913: 1905: 1897: 1889: 1881: 1837: 1829: 1821: 1813: 1805: 1797: 1789: 1781: 1773: 1765: 1757: 1749: 1741: 1733: 1660: 1652: 1644: 1636: 1628: 1593: 1585: 1577: 1569: 1561: 1553: 1545: 1537: 1529: 1521: 1514: 1506: 1498: 1490: 1482: 1474: 1466: 1458: 1450: 1442: 1434: 1426: 1379: 1371: 1363: 1355: 1347: 1339: 1331: 1323: 1315: 1307: 1299: 1291: 1283: 1236: 1228: 1220: 1212: 1204: 1196: 1188: 1180: 1172: 1164: 1156: 1148: 1140: 1101: 1093: 1085: 1077: 1069: 1061: 1053: 1045: 1037: 1029: 1021: 1013: 1005: 997: 989: 932: 924: 916: 908: 900: 892: 884: 876: 868: 860: 852: 844: 836: 828: 820: 767: 719: 711: 703: 695: 687: 679: 671: 663: 635: 627: 619: 611: 603: 595: 521: 513: 505: 497: 489: 482: 474: 466: 458: 450: 442: 434: 426: 418: 410: 402: 394: 386: 378: 370: 362: 354: 346: 338: 330: 322: 288: 280: 272: 264: 256: 248: 240: 232: 224: 216: 208: 200: 192: 184: 176: 168: 160: 152: 144: 137: 129: 121: 113: 6206:Ragnhildis Olafsdottir 5564:Baltic area runestones 5455:Orchard, Andy (1997). 5361:Cumming, J. G. (1857) 5017:Pluskowski (2004:158). 4962:Entry Br Olsen;183 in 4695: 4457: 4334: 3931: 3608: 3533: 3125: 2788: 2767: 2538: 2529:Br Olsen;200B (MM 127) 2370: 2246: 1870: 1721:Br Olsen;193B (MM 118) 1407: 1264: 1129: 973: 809: 747: 549: 315: 102: 37: 6610:Scottish island names 6433:Artifacts and culture 6110:Mormaers of Caithness 6076:Scandinavian Scotland 5982:Jarlabanke Runestones 5701:Battle of Fýrisvellir 5537:Hakon Jarl runestones 5351:Barnes, M. P. (2012) 4693: 4455: 4332: 3929: 3606: 3531: 3123: 2786: 2765: 2683:Br Olsen;201 (MM 139) 2536: 2368: 2244: 1868: 1861:Br Olsen;194 (MM 141) 1405: 1262: 1127: 971: 808:Br Olsen;189, Ballaug 807: 745: 579:during the events of 547: 313: 100: 64:tradition of raising 35: 6629:Battles and treaties 6283:Kingdom of the Isles 6201:Ragnhild Eriksdotter 6156:Gunnhild Gormsdóttir 6146:Cacht ingen Ragnaill 5822:Broby bro Runestones 5805:Färentuna Runestones 5714:Hällestad Runestones 5558:Varangian runestones 5212:Kermode (2005 :188). 3508:⟨kuan⟩ 3497:⟨kuan⟩ 3389:⟨kuan⟩ 1420:Br Olsen;191B, above 1277:Br Olsen;193A, below 6498:St Magnus Cathedral 6374:Cubbie Roo's Castle 6318:Davidian Revolution 6161:Helga Moddansdóttir 6131:Aud the Deep-Minded 5975:Runestone monuments 5044:Orchard (1997:115). 4890:⟨mu-⟩ 4883:⟨mu-⟩ 4857:⟨mu-⟩ 1671:... {} gerði {} ... 6492:Sen dollotar Ulaid 6446:Chronicles of Mann 6166:Ingeborg of Norway 6018:List of runestones 5986:Hunnestad Monument 5843:Old Norse religion 5532:England runestones 4888:"... in memory of 4696: 4458: 4335: 3932: 3609: 3534: 3126: 2873:uþor(k)(h)niastbml 2789: 2768: 2539: 2371: 2247: 1871: 1408: 1265: 1130: 974: 810: 748: 550: 316: 103: 48:population on the 38: 6767: 6766: 6734:Macaulay of Lewis 6267:Thorstein the Red 6215:Other notable men 6042: 6041: 5724:Karlevi Runestone 5579:Ingvar runestones 5569:Greece runestones 5526:Viking runestones 2113:"in agreement(?)" 591:, Odin's ravens. 78:Anglo-Saxon runes 44:were made by the 16:(Redirected from 6802: 6424:St Magnus Church 6419:Scar boat burial 6364:Brough of Birsay 6257:Sweyn Asleifsson 6252:Ragnall ua Ímair 6069: 6062: 6055: 6046: 5966:Thorwald's Cross 5743:Viking Age women 5729:Egtved Runestone 5719:Sjörup Runestone 5574:Italy runestones 5505: 5498: 5491: 5482: 5452: 5419: 5398: 5339: 5336: 5330: 5327: 5321: 5318: 5312: 5309: 5303: 5300: 5294: 5291: 5285: 5282: 5276: 5273: 5267: 5264: 5258: 5255: 5249: 5246: 5240: 5237: 5231: 5228: 5222: 5219: 5213: 5210: 5204: 5201: 5192: 5189: 5183: 5180: 5174: 5171: 5165: 5162: 5156: 5153: 5147: 5144: 5138: 5135: 5129: 5126: 5117: 5114: 5108: 5105: 5099: 5096: 5090: 5087: 5081: 5078: 5072: 5069: 5063: 5060: 5054: 5051: 5045: 5042: 5036: 5033: 5027: 5024: 5018: 5015: 5004: 5001: 4990: 4987: 4976: 4973: 4967: 4960: 4954: 4951: 4945: 4942: 4936: 4933: 4927: 4921: 4891: 4884: 4881:... {} eptir {} 4858: 4680: 4673: 4478: 4319: 4315: 4308: 4304: 4030: 3948: 3513: 3509: 3502: 3498: 3417: 3390: 2896: 2878: 2271:o(s)(r)(u)(þ)(r) 1727:short-twig runes 1418:Thorbjörn, like 1412:short-twig runes 1269:short-twig runes 1134:short-twig runes 983:short-twig runes 814:short-twig runes 589:Huginn or Muninn 554:Thorwald's Cross 107:short-twig runes 21: 6810: 6809: 6805: 6804: 6803: 6801: 6800: 6799: 6770: 6769: 6768: 6763: 6705: 6701:Treaty of Perth 6624: 6598: 6560: 6507: 6480:Orkneyinga saga 6474:Manx runestones 6428: 6414:Rubha an Dùnain 6389:Kirkwall Castle 6359:Bishop's Palace 6337: 6271: 6210: 6119: 6105:Lords of Argyll 6095:Earls of Orkney 6078: 6073: 6043: 6038: 6030: 6006: 5994: 5970: 5939: 5907:Cursed stones: 5906: 5874: 5841: 5838:Norse mythology 5832: 5815: 5809:Hillersjö stone 5801:Gerlög and Inga 5798: 5738: 5709:Högby Runestone 5691: 5583: 5546: 5514: 5509: 5479: 5449: 5430: 5416: 5401: 5387: 5347: 5342: 5337: 5333: 5328: 5324: 5319: 5315: 5310: 5306: 5301: 5297: 5292: 5288: 5283: 5279: 5274: 5270: 5265: 5261: 5256: 5252: 5247: 5243: 5238: 5234: 5229: 5225: 5220: 5216: 5211: 5207: 5202: 5195: 5190: 5186: 5181: 5177: 5172: 5168: 5163: 5159: 5154: 5150: 5145: 5141: 5136: 5132: 5127: 5120: 5115: 5111: 5106: 5102: 5097: 5093: 5088: 5084: 5079: 5075: 5070: 5066: 5061: 5057: 5052: 5048: 5043: 5039: 5034: 5030: 5025: 5021: 5016: 5007: 5002: 4993: 4988: 4979: 4974: 4970: 4961: 4957: 4952: 4948: 4943: 4939: 4934: 4930: 4922: 4915: 4911: 4899: 4894: 4889: 4882: 4876: 4868: 4860: 4856: 4850: 4842: 4834: 4826: 4814: 4809: 4807:"... runes ..." 4799: 4791: 4783: 4771: 4766: 4756: 4748: 4740: 4732: 4724: 4716: 4708: 4688: 4683: 4678: 4671: 4665: 4657: 4649: 4641: 4633: 4625: 4617: 4609: 4601: 4593: 4585: 4577: 4569: 4561: 4553: 4545: 4537: 4529: 4521: 4513: 4505: 4497: 4489: 4481: 4476: 4470: 4450: 4445: 4435: 4427: 4419: 4411: 4403: 4395: 4387: 4379: 4371: 4363: 4355: 4347: 4327: 4322: 4317: 4313: 4306: 4302: 4296: 4288: 4280: 4272: 4264: 4256: 4248: 4240: 4232: 4224: 4216: 4208: 4200: 4192: 4184: 4176: 4168: 4160: 4152: 4144: 4136: 4128: 4120: 4112: 4104: 4096: 4088: 4080: 4072: 4064: 4056: 4048: 4040: 4032: 4028: 4022: 4014: 4006: 3998: 3990: 3982: 3974: 3966: 3958: 3950: 3946: 3924: 3919: 3909: 3901: 3893: 3885: 3877: 3869: 3861: 3853: 3845: 3837: 3829: 3821: 3813: 3805: 3797: 3789: 3781: 3773: 3765: 3757: 3749: 3741: 3733: 3725: 3717: 3709: 3701: 3693: 3685: 3677: 3669: 3661: 3653: 3645: 3637: 3629: 3621: 3601: 3596: 3586: 3578: 3570: 3562: 3554: 3546: 3526: 3521: 3516: 3511: 3507: 3500: 3496: 3491: 3483: 3475: 3467: 3459: 3451: 3443: 3435: 3427: 3419: 3415: 3409: 3401: 3393: 3388: 3377: 3372: 3362: 3354: 3350: 3340: 3332: 3324: 3316: 3308: 3300: 3292: 3284: 3280: 3270: 3262: 3254: 3246: 3238: 3230: 3222: 3214: 3206: 3198: 3190: 3182: 3174: 3166: 3158: 3150: 3142: 3134: 3118: 3110: 3105: 3095: 3087: 3079: 3071: 3063: 3055: 3047: 3039: 3031: 3023: 3015: 3007: 2999: 2992: 2984: 2976: 2968: 2960: 2952: 2944: 2936: 2928: 2920: 2907: 2902: 2894: 2888: 2880: 2876: 2870: 2862: 2854: 2846: 2838: 2830: 2822: 2814: 2806: 2798: 2773: 2760: 2758:Maughold parish 2755: 2745: 2737: 2729: 2721: 2713: 2705: 2697: 2685: 2680: 2675: 2665: 2657: 2649: 2641: 2633: 2625: 2617: 2609: 2601: 2593: 2585: 2577: 2569: 2561: 2531: 2526: 2521: 2511: 2503: 2495: 2487: 2479: 2471: 2463: 2455: 2447: 2439: 2431: 2423: 2415: 2407: 2399: 2391: 2383: 2363: 2358: 2348: 2340: 2332: 2324: 2316: 2308: 2300: 2292: 2284: 2276: 2268: 2260: 2239: 2234: 2229: 2219: 2211: 2203: 2195: 2187: 2179: 2171: 2167: 2157: 2149: 2141: 2137: 2127: 2119: 2115: 2105: 2097: 2093: 2083: 2075: 2067: 2059: 2051: 2043: 2035: 2027: 2019: 2011: 2003: 1999: 1991:murkialu × m... 1989: 1981: 1973: 1965: 1961: 1951: 1943: 1935: 1927: 1919: 1911: 1903: 1895: 1887: 1879: 1863: 1858: 1853: 1843: 1835: 1827: 1819: 1811: 1803: 1795: 1787: 1779: 1771: 1763: 1755: 1747: 1739: 1723: 1718: 1676: 1666: 1658: 1650: 1642: 1634: 1622: 1614: 1609: 1599: 1591: 1583: 1575: 1567: 1559: 1551: 1543: 1535: 1527: 1519: 1512: 1504: 1496: 1488: 1480: 1472: 1464: 1456: 1448: 1440: 1432: 1400: 1395: 1385: 1377: 1369: 1361: 1353: 1345: 1337: 1329: 1321: 1313: 1305: 1297: 1289: 1257: 1252: 1242: 1234: 1226: 1218: 1210: 1202: 1194: 1186: 1178: 1170: 1162: 1154: 1146: 1122: 1117: 1107: 1099: 1091: 1083: 1075: 1067: 1059: 1051: 1043: 1035: 1027: 1019: 1011: 1003: 995: 979: 966: 958: 953: 948: 938: 930: 922: 914: 906: 898: 890: 882: 874: 866: 858: 850: 842: 834: 826: 802: 797: 795:Ballaugh parish 788: 783: 773: 760: 740: 735: 725: 717: 709: 701: 693: 685: 677: 669: 656: 651: 641: 633: 625: 617: 609: 601: 552:Referred to as 542: 537: 527: 519: 511: 503: 495: 487: 480: 472: 464: 456: 448: 440: 432: 424: 416: 408: 400: 392: 384: 376: 368: 360: 352: 344: 336: 328: 308: 303: 293: 286: 278: 270: 262: 254: 246: 238: 230: 222: 214: 206: 198: 190: 182: 174: 166: 158: 150: 142: 135: 127: 119: 95: 90: 42:Manx runestones 28: 23: 22: 18:Manx Runestones 15: 12: 11: 5: 6808: 6806: 6798: 6797: 6792: 6787: 6782: 6772: 6771: 6765: 6764: 6762: 6761: 6756: 6751: 6746: 6741: 6736: 6731: 6726: 6721: 6715: 6713: 6707: 6706: 6704: 6703: 6698: 6696:Treaty of 1098 6693: 6688: 6683: 6678: 6673: 6668: 6663: 6658: 6653: 6648: 6643: 6638: 6632: 6630: 6626: 6625: 6623: 6622: 6617: 6615:Northern Isles 6612: 6606: 6604: 6600: 6599: 6597: 6596: 6591: 6586: 6581: 6576: 6570: 6568: 6562: 6561: 6559: 6558: 6553: 6548: 6543: 6538: 6533: 6528: 6523: 6517: 6515: 6509: 6508: 6506: 6505: 6500: 6495: 6488: 6483: 6476: 6471: 6469:Lewis chessmen 6466: 6461: 6459:Galloway Hoard 6456: 6449: 6442: 6436: 6434: 6430: 6429: 6427: 6426: 6421: 6416: 6411: 6406: 6401: 6396: 6391: 6386: 6381: 6376: 6371: 6366: 6361: 6356: 6351: 6345: 6343: 6339: 6338: 6336: 6335: 6330: 6325: 6320: 6315: 6310: 6308:Outer Hebrides 6305: 6300: 6295: 6293:Gall-Ghàidheil 6290: 6285: 6279: 6277: 6273: 6272: 6270: 6269: 6264: 6259: 6254: 6249: 6244: 6239: 6237:Olaf the White 6234: 6229: 6224: 6218: 6216: 6212: 6211: 6209: 6208: 6203: 6198: 6193: 6188: 6183: 6178: 6173: 6168: 6163: 6158: 6153: 6148: 6143: 6138: 6133: 6127: 6125: 6121: 6120: 6118: 6117: 6112: 6107: 6102: 6100:Crovan dynasty 6097: 6092: 6086: 6084: 6080: 6079: 6074: 6072: 6071: 6064: 6057: 6049: 6040: 6039: 6032: 6031: 6025: 6020: 6014: 6012: 6008: 6007: 6002: 6000: 5996: 5995: 5993: 5992: 5990:Jelling stones 5978: 5976: 5972: 5971: 5969: 5968: 5847: 5845: 5834: 5833: 5746: 5744: 5740: 5739: 5737: 5736: 5731: 5726: 5721: 5716: 5711: 5705: 5703: 5693: 5692: 5690: 5689: 5591: 5589: 5588:Other journeys 5585: 5584: 5582: 5581: 5576: 5571: 5566: 5561: 5554: 5552: 5548: 5547: 5545: 5544: 5539: 5534: 5529: 5522: 5520: 5516: 5515: 5510: 5508: 5507: 5500: 5493: 5485: 5478: 5477: 5471: 5453: 5447: 5428: 5421: 5414: 5399: 5385: 5367: 5359: 5357:, 3, pp. 59-80 5348: 5346: 5343: 5341: 5340: 5331: 5322: 5313: 5304: 5295: 5286: 5277: 5268: 5259: 5250: 5241: 5232: 5223: 5214: 5205: 5193: 5184: 5175: 5166: 5157: 5148: 5139: 5130: 5118: 5109: 5100: 5091: 5082: 5073: 5064: 5055: 5046: 5037: 5028: 5019: 5005: 4991: 4977: 4968: 4955: 4946: 4937: 4928: 4912: 4910: 4907: 4906: 4905: 4898: 4895: 4869: 4861: 4851: 4843: 4835: 4827: 4819: 4818: 4813: 4810: 4792: 4784: 4776: 4775: 4770: 4767: 4749: 4741: 4733: 4725: 4717: 4714:Gríms/...gríms 4709: 4701: 4700: 4687: 4684: 4658: 4650: 4642: 4634: 4626: 4618: 4610: 4602: 4594: 4586: 4578: 4570: 4562: 4554: 4546: 4538: 4530: 4522: 4514: 4506: 4498: 4490: 4482: 4471: 4463: 4462: 4449: 4446: 4428: 4420: 4412: 4404: 4396: 4388: 4380: 4372: 4364: 4356: 4348: 4340: 4339: 4326: 4323: 4289: 4281: 4273: 4265: 4257: 4249: 4241: 4233: 4225: 4217: 4209: 4201: 4193: 4185: 4177: 4169: 4161: 4153: 4145: 4137: 4129: 4121: 4113: 4105: 4097: 4089: 4081: 4073: 4065: 4057: 4049: 4041: 4033: 4023: 4015: 4007: 3999: 3991: 3983: 3975: 3967: 3959: 3951: 3941: 3940: 3923: 3920: 3902: 3894: 3886: 3878: 3870: 3862: 3854: 3846: 3838: 3830: 3822: 3814: 3806: 3798: 3790: 3782: 3774: 3766: 3758: 3750: 3742: 3734: 3726: 3718: 3710: 3702: 3694: 3686: 3678: 3670: 3662: 3654: 3646: 3638: 3630: 3622: 3614: 3613: 3600: 3597: 3579: 3571: 3563: 3555: 3547: 3539: 3538: 3525: 3522: 3520: 3519:Michael parish 3517: 3484: 3476: 3468: 3460: 3452: 3444: 3436: 3428: 3420: 3410: 3402: 3394: 3383: 3382: 3376: 3373: 3355: 3352: 3351: 3333: 3325: 3317: 3309: 3301: 3293: 3285: 3282: 3281: 3263: 3255: 3247: 3239: 3231: 3223: 3215: 3207: 3199: 3191: 3183: 3175: 3167: 3159: 3151: 3143: 3135: 3132: 3131: 3117: 3114: 3109: 3106: 3088: 3080: 3072: 3064: 3056: 3048: 3040: 3032: 3024: 3016: 3008: 3000: 2993: 2985: 2977: 2969: 2961: 2953: 2945: 2937: 2929: 2921: 2913: 2912: 2906: 2903: 2881: 2871: 2863: 2855: 2847: 2839: 2831: 2823: 2815: 2807: 2799: 2791: 2790: 2772: 2769: 2759: 2756: 2738: 2730: 2722: 2714: 2706: 2698: 2690: 2689: 2684: 2681: 2679: 2676: 2658: 2650: 2642: 2634: 2626: 2618: 2610: 2602: 2594: 2586: 2578: 2570: 2562: 2557: 2556: 2530: 2527: 2525: 2522: 2504: 2496: 2488: 2480: 2472: 2464: 2456: 2448: 2440: 2432: 2424: 2416: 2408: 2400: 2392: 2384: 2376: 2375: 2362: 2359: 2341: 2333: 2325: 2317: 2309: 2301: 2293: 2285: 2277: 2269: 2261: 2253: 2252: 2238: 2235: 2233: 2230: 2212: 2204: 2196: 2188: 2180: 2172: 2169: 2168: 2165:"Jesus Christ" 2150: 2142: 2139: 2138: 2120: 2117: 2116: 2098: 2095: 2094: 2076: 2068: 2060: 2052: 2044: 2036: 2028: 2020: 2012: 2004: 2001: 2000: 1994:Myrgjǫl {} ... 1982: 1974: 1966: 1963: 1962: 1944: 1936: 1928: 1920: 1912: 1904: 1896: 1888: 1880: 1877: 1876: 1862: 1859: 1857: 1854: 1836: 1828: 1820: 1812: 1804: 1796: 1788: 1780: 1772: 1764: 1756: 1748: 1740: 1732: 1731: 1722: 1719: 1717: 1714: 1708:than the word 1674:"... made ..." 1659: 1651: 1643: 1635: 1627: 1626: 1621: 1618: 1613: 1610: 1592: 1584: 1576: 1568: 1560: 1552: 1544: 1536: 1528: 1520: 1513: 1505: 1497: 1489: 1481: 1473: 1465: 1457: 1449: 1441: 1433: 1425: 1424: 1399: 1396: 1378: 1370: 1362: 1354: 1346: 1338: 1330: 1322: 1314: 1306: 1298: 1290: 1282: 1281: 1256: 1253: 1235: 1227: 1219: 1211: 1203: 1195: 1187: 1179: 1171: 1163: 1155: 1147: 1139: 1138: 1121: 1118: 1100: 1092: 1084: 1076: 1068: 1060: 1052: 1044: 1036: 1028: 1020: 1012: 1004: 996: 988: 987: 978: 975: 965: 964:Braddan parish 962: 957: 954: 952: 951:Lezayre parish 949: 931: 923: 915: 907: 899: 891: 883: 875: 867: 859: 851: 843: 835: 827: 819: 818: 801: 798: 796: 793: 787: 784: 766: 765: 759: 756: 739: 736: 718: 710: 702: 694: 686: 678: 670: 662: 661: 655: 652: 634: 626: 618: 610: 602: 594: 593: 541: 538: 520: 512: 504: 496: 488: 481: 473: 465: 457: 449: 441: 433: 425: 417: 409: 401: 393: 385: 377: 369: 361: 353: 345: 337: 329: 321: 320: 307: 304: 287: 279: 271: 263: 255: 247: 239: 231: 223: 215: 207: 199: 191: 183: 175: 167: 159: 151: 143: 136: 128: 120: 112: 111: 94: 91: 89: 88:Andreas parish 86: 26: 24: 14: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 6807: 6796: 6793: 6791: 6788: 6786: 6783: 6781: 6778: 6777: 6775: 6760: 6757: 6755: 6752: 6750: 6747: 6745: 6742: 6740: 6737: 6735: 6732: 6730: 6727: 6725: 6722: 6720: 6717: 6716: 6714: 6712: 6708: 6702: 6699: 6697: 6694: 6692: 6689: 6687: 6684: 6682: 6679: 6677: 6674: 6672: 6669: 6667: 6664: 6662: 6659: 6657: 6654: 6652: 6649: 6647: 6644: 6642: 6639: 6637: 6634: 6633: 6631: 6627: 6621: 6618: 6616: 6613: 6611: 6608: 6607: 6605: 6601: 6595: 6594:Old Norwegian 6592: 6590: 6587: 6585: 6582: 6580: 6577: 6575: 6572: 6571: 6569: 6567: 6563: 6557: 6554: 6552: 6549: 6547: 6544: 6542: 6539: 6537: 6534: 6532: 6531:Law Ting Holm 6529: 6527: 6524: 6522: 6519: 6518: 6516: 6514: 6510: 6504: 6501: 6499: 6496: 6494: 6493: 6489: 6487: 6484: 6482: 6481: 6477: 6475: 6472: 6470: 6467: 6465: 6462: 6460: 6457: 6455: 6454: 6450: 6448: 6447: 6443: 6441: 6438: 6437: 6435: 6431: 6425: 6422: 6420: 6417: 6415: 6412: 6410: 6407: 6405: 6402: 6400: 6397: 6395: 6394:Linton Chapel 6392: 6390: 6387: 6385: 6382: 6380: 6377: 6375: 6372: 6370: 6367: 6365: 6362: 6360: 6357: 6355: 6352: 6350: 6347: 6346: 6344: 6340: 6334: 6331: 6329: 6326: 6324: 6321: 6319: 6316: 6314: 6311: 6309: 6306: 6304: 6301: 6299: 6296: 6294: 6291: 6289: 6286: 6284: 6281: 6280: 6278: 6274: 6268: 6265: 6263: 6260: 6258: 6255: 6253: 6250: 6248: 6247:Páll Bálkason 6245: 6243: 6240: 6238: 6235: 6233: 6230: 6228: 6225: 6223: 6220: 6219: 6217: 6213: 6207: 6204: 6202: 6199: 6197: 6194: 6192: 6189: 6187: 6184: 6182: 6179: 6177: 6174: 6172: 6169: 6167: 6164: 6162: 6159: 6157: 6154: 6152: 6149: 6147: 6144: 6142: 6139: 6137: 6134: 6132: 6129: 6128: 6126: 6124:Notable women 6122: 6116: 6113: 6111: 6108: 6106: 6103: 6101: 6098: 6096: 6093: 6091: 6090:List of kings 6088: 6087: 6085: 6081: 6077: 6070: 6065: 6063: 6058: 6056: 6051: 6050: 6047: 6037: 6036: 6029: 6026: 6024: 6021: 6019: 6016: 6015: 6013: 6009: 6005: 6001: 5997: 5991: 5987: 5983: 5980: 5979: 5977: 5973: 5967: 5963: 5959: 5955: 5951: 5947: 5943: 5938: 5934: 5930: 5926: 5922: 5918: 5914: 5910: 5905: 5901: 5897: 5893: 5889: 5885: 5881: 5877: 5876:Thor's hammer 5873: 5869: 5865: 5861: 5857: 5853: 5849: 5848: 5846: 5844: 5839: 5835: 5831: 5827: 5823: 5819: 5816: 5814: 5810: 5806: 5802: 5797: 5793: 5789: 5785: 5781: 5777: 5773: 5769: 5765: 5761: 5757: 5753: 5749: 5745: 5741: 5735: 5732: 5730: 5727: 5725: 5722: 5720: 5717: 5715: 5712: 5710: 5707: 5706: 5704: 5702: 5698: 5694: 5688: 5684: 5680: 5676: 5672: 5668: 5664: 5660: 5656: 5652: 5648: 5644: 5640: 5636: 5632: 5628: 5624: 5620: 5616: 5612: 5608: 5604: 5600: 5596: 5593: 5592: 5590: 5586: 5580: 5577: 5575: 5572: 5570: 5567: 5565: 5562: 5559: 5556: 5555: 5553: 5551:Eastern route 5549: 5543: 5540: 5538: 5535: 5533: 5530: 5527: 5524: 5523: 5521: 5517: 5513: 5506: 5501: 5499: 5494: 5492: 5487: 5486: 5483: 5475: 5472: 5470: 5469:0-304-34520-2 5466: 5462: 5458: 5454: 5450: 5448:0-8020-8667-5 5444: 5440: 5436: 5435: 5429: 5426: 5422: 5417: 5411: 5407: 5406: 5400: 5396: 5395: 5390: 5386: 5384: 5383:0-415-13587-7 5380: 5376: 5372: 5368: 5366: 5365: 5360: 5358: 5356: 5350: 5349: 5344: 5335: 5332: 5326: 5323: 5317: 5314: 5308: 5305: 5299: 5296: 5290: 5287: 5281: 5278: 5272: 5269: 5263: 5260: 5254: 5251: 5245: 5242: 5236: 5233: 5227: 5224: 5218: 5215: 5209: 5206: 5200: 5198: 5194: 5188: 5185: 5179: 5176: 5170: 5167: 5161: 5158: 5152: 5149: 5143: 5140: 5134: 5131: 5125: 5123: 5119: 5113: 5110: 5104: 5101: 5095: 5092: 5086: 5083: 5077: 5074: 5068: 5065: 5059: 5056: 5050: 5047: 5041: 5038: 5032: 5029: 5023: 5020: 5014: 5012: 5010: 5006: 5003:Page 1983:226 5000: 4998: 4996: 4992: 4986: 4984: 4982: 4978: 4972: 4969: 4965: 4959: 4956: 4953:Page 1983:225 4950: 4947: 4944:Page 1983:229 4941: 4938: 4935:Page 1983:228 4932: 4929: 4925: 4920: 4918: 4914: 4908: 4904: 4903:Picture stone 4901: 4900: 4896: 4893: 4886: 4879: 4875: 4872: 4867: 4864: 4859: 4854: 4849: 4846: 4841: 4838: 4833: 4830: 4825: 4822: 4817: 4811: 4808: 4805: 4804:... rúnar ... 4802: 4801:... runar ... 4798: 4795: 4790: 4787: 4782: 4779: 4774: 4768: 4765: 4762: 4759: 4755: 4752: 4747: 4744: 4739: 4736: 4731: 4728: 4723: 4720: 4715: 4712: 4707: 4704: 4699: 4694:Br Olsen;218A 4692: 4685: 4682: 4675: 4668: 4664: 4661: 4656: 4653: 4648: 4645: 4640: 4637: 4632: 4629: 4624: 4621: 4616: 4613: 4608: 4605: 4600: 4597: 4592: 4589: 4584: 4581: 4576: 4573: 4568: 4565: 4560: 4557: 4552: 4549: 4544: 4541: 4536: 4533: 4528: 4525: 4520: 4517: 4512: 4509: 4504: 4501: 4496: 4493: 4488: 4485: 4480: 4474: 4469: 4466: 4461: 4456:Br Olsen;217A 4454: 4447: 4444: 4441: 4438: 4434: 4431: 4426: 4423: 4418: 4415: 4410: 4407: 4402: 4399: 4394: 4391: 4386: 4383: 4378: 4375: 4370: 4367: 4362: 4359: 4354: 4351: 4346: 4343: 4338: 4333:Br Olsen;217A 4331: 4324: 4321: 4310: 4300: 4295: 4292: 4287: 4284: 4279: 4276: 4271: 4268: 4263: 4260: 4255: 4252: 4247: 4244: 4239: 4236: 4231: 4228: 4223: 4220: 4215: 4212: 4207: 4204: 4199: 4196: 4191: 4188: 4183: 4180: 4175: 4172: 4167: 4164: 4159: 4156: 4151: 4148: 4143: 4140: 4135: 4132: 4127: 4124: 4119: 4116: 4111: 4108: 4103: 4100: 4095: 4092: 4087: 4084: 4079: 4076: 4071: 4068: 4063: 4060: 4055: 4052: 4047: 4044: 4039: 4036: 4031: 4026: 4021: 4018: 4013: 4010: 4005: 4002: 3997: 3994: 3989: 3986: 3981: 3978: 3973: 3970: 3965: 3962: 3957: 3954: 3949: 3944: 3939: 3937: 3928: 3921: 3918: 3915: 3912: 3908: 3905: 3900: 3897: 3892: 3889: 3884: 3881: 3876: 3873: 3868: 3865: 3860: 3857: 3852: 3849: 3844: 3841: 3836: 3833: 3828: 3825: 3820: 3817: 3812: 3809: 3804: 3801: 3796: 3793: 3788: 3785: 3780: 3777: 3772: 3769: 3764: 3761: 3756: 3753: 3748: 3745: 3740: 3737: 3732: 3729: 3724: 3721: 3716: 3713: 3708: 3705: 3700: 3697: 3692: 3689: 3684: 3681: 3676: 3673: 3668: 3665: 3660: 3657: 3652: 3649: 3644: 3641: 3636: 3633: 3628: 3625: 3620: 3617: 3612: 3607:Br Olsen;208B 3605: 3598: 3595: 3592: 3589: 3585: 3582: 3577: 3574: 3569: 3566: 3561: 3558: 3553: 3550: 3545: 3542: 3537: 3532:Br Olsen;208A 3530: 3523: 3518: 3515: 3504: 3494: 3490: 3487: 3482: 3479: 3474: 3471: 3466: 3463: 3458: 3455: 3450: 3447: 3442: 3439: 3434: 3431: 3426: 3423: 3418: 3413: 3408: 3405: 3400: 3397: 3392: 3386: 3381: 3374: 3371: 3368: 3365: 3361: 3358: 3349: 3346: 3343: 3339: 3336: 3331: 3328: 3323: 3320: 3315: 3312: 3307: 3304: 3299: 3296: 3291: 3288: 3279: 3276: 3273: 3269: 3266: 3261: 3258: 3253: 3250: 3245: 3242: 3237: 3234: 3229: 3226: 3221: 3218: 3213: 3210: 3205: 3202: 3197: 3194: 3189: 3186: 3181: 3178: 3173: 3170: 3165: 3162: 3157: 3154: 3149: 3146: 3141: 3138: 3130: 3124:Br Olsen;205B 3122: 3115: 3113: 3107: 3104: 3101: 3098: 3094: 3091: 3086: 3083: 3078: 3075: 3070: 3067: 3062: 3059: 3054: 3051: 3046: 3043: 3038: 3035: 3030: 3027: 3022: 3019: 3014: 3011: 3006: 3003: 2998: 2995: 2991: 2988: 2983: 2980: 2979:(a)þ(a)(n)man 2975: 2972: 2967: 2964: 2959: 2956: 2951: 2948: 2943: 2940: 2935: 2932: 2927: 2924: 2919: 2916: 2911: 2904: 2901: 2898: 2891: 2887: 2884: 2879: 2874: 2869: 2866: 2861: 2858: 2853: 2850: 2845: 2842: 2837: 2834: 2829: 2826: 2821: 2818: 2813: 2810: 2805: 2802: 2797: 2794: 2785: 2781: 2779: 2770: 2764: 2757: 2754: 2751: 2748: 2744: 2741: 2736: 2733: 2728: 2725: 2720: 2717: 2712: 2709: 2704: 2701: 2696: 2693: 2688: 2682: 2678:Marown parish 2677: 2674: 2671: 2668: 2664: 2661: 2656: 2653: 2648: 2645: 2640: 2637: 2632: 2629: 2624: 2621: 2616: 2613: 2608: 2605: 2600: 2597: 2592: 2589: 2584: 2581: 2576: 2573: 2568: 2565: 2560: 2555: 2553: 2549: 2544: 2537:Br Olsen;200B 2535: 2528: 2523: 2520: 2517: 2514: 2510: 2507: 2502: 2499: 2494: 2491: 2486: 2483: 2478: 2475: 2470: 2467: 2462: 2459: 2454: 2451: 2446: 2443: 2438: 2435: 2430: 2427: 2422: 2419: 2414: 2411: 2406: 2403: 2398: 2395: 2390: 2387: 2382: 2379: 2374: 2369:Br Olsen;200A 2367: 2360: 2357: 2354: 2351: 2347: 2344: 2339: 2336: 2331: 2328: 2323: 2320: 2315: 2312: 2307: 2304: 2299: 2296: 2291: 2288: 2283: 2280: 2275: 2272: 2267: 2264: 2259: 2256: 2251: 2243: 2236: 2232:German parish 2231: 2228: 2225: 2222: 2218: 2215: 2210: 2207: 2202: 2199: 2194: 2191: 2186: 2183: 2178: 2175: 2166: 2163: 2160: 2156: 2153: 2148: 2145: 2136: 2133: 2130: 2126: 2123: 2114: 2111: 2108: 2104: 2101: 2092: 2089: 2086: 2082: 2079: 2074: 2071: 2066: 2063: 2058: 2055: 2050: 2047: 2042: 2039: 2034: 2031: 2026: 2023: 2018: 2015: 2010: 2007: 1998: 1997:"Myrgjǫl ..." 1995: 1992: 1988: 1985: 1980: 1977: 1972: 1969: 1960: 1957: 1954: 1950: 1947: 1942: 1939: 1934: 1931: 1926: 1923: 1918: 1915: 1910: 1907: 1902: 1899: 1894: 1891: 1886: 1883: 1875: 1867: 1860: 1856:Onchan parish 1855: 1852: 1849: 1846: 1842: 1839: 1834: 1831: 1826: 1823: 1818: 1815: 1810: 1807: 1802: 1799: 1794: 1791: 1786: 1783: 1778: 1775: 1770: 1767: 1762: 1759: 1754: 1751: 1746: 1743: 1738: 1735: 1730: 1728: 1720: 1715: 1713: 1711: 1707: 1703: 1698: 1696: 1692: 1688: 1684: 1680: 1675: 1672: 1669: 1665: 1662: 1657: 1654: 1649: 1646: 1641: 1638: 1633: 1630: 1625: 1619: 1617: 1611: 1608: 1605: 1602: 1598: 1595: 1590: 1587: 1582: 1579: 1574: 1571: 1566: 1563: 1558: 1555: 1550: 1547: 1542: 1539: 1534: 1531: 1526: 1523: 1518: 1515: 1511: 1508: 1503: 1500: 1495: 1492: 1487: 1484: 1479: 1476: 1471: 1468: 1463: 1460: 1455: 1452: 1447: 1444: 1439: 1436: 1431: 1428: 1423: 1421: 1417: 1413: 1406:Br Olsen;193A 1404: 1397: 1394: 1391: 1388: 1384: 1381: 1376: 1373: 1368: 1365: 1360: 1357: 1352: 1349: 1344: 1341: 1336: 1333: 1328: 1325: 1320: 1317: 1312: 1309: 1304: 1301: 1296: 1293: 1288: 1285: 1280: 1278: 1274: 1270: 1263:Br Olsen;191B 1261: 1254: 1251: 1248: 1245: 1241: 1238: 1233: 1230: 1225: 1222: 1217: 1214: 1209: 1206: 1201: 1198: 1193: 1190: 1185: 1182: 1177: 1174: 1169: 1166: 1161: 1158: 1153: 1150: 1145: 1142: 1137: 1135: 1128:Br Olsen;191A 1126: 1119: 1116: 1113: 1110: 1106: 1103: 1098: 1095: 1090: 1087: 1082: 1079: 1074: 1071: 1066: 1063: 1058: 1055: 1050: 1047: 1042: 1039: 1034: 1031: 1026: 1023: 1018: 1015: 1010: 1007: 1002: 999: 994: 991: 986: 984: 976: 970: 963: 961: 955: 950: 947: 944: 941: 937: 934: 929: 926: 921: 918: 913: 910: 905: 902: 897: 894: 889: 886: 881: 878: 873: 870: 865: 862: 857: 854: 849: 846: 841: 838: 833: 830: 825: 824:Áleifr/Óleifr 822: 817: 815: 806: 799: 794: 792: 785: 782: 779: 776: 772: 769: 764: 757: 755: 753: 746:Br Olsen;185C 744: 737: 734: 731: 728: 724: 721: 716: 713: 708: 705: 700: 697: 692: 689: 684: 681: 676: 673: 668: 665: 660: 653: 650: 647: 644: 640: 637: 632: 629: 624: 621: 616: 613: 608: 605: 600: 597: 592: 590: 586: 585:syncretic art 582: 578: 574: 570: 565: 563: 559: 555: 548:Br Olsen;185A 546: 536: 533: 530: 526: 523: 518: 515: 510: 507: 502: 499: 494: 491: 486: 483: 479: 476: 471: 468: 463: 460: 455: 452: 447: 444: 439: 436: 431: 428: 423: 420: 415: 412: 407: 404: 399: 396: 391: 388: 383: 380: 375: 372: 367: 364: 359: 356: 351: 348: 343: 340: 335: 332: 327: 324: 319: 312: 305: 302: 299: 296: 292: 289: 285: 282: 277: 274: 269: 266: 261: 258: 253: 250: 245: 242: 237: 234: 229: 226: 221: 218: 213: 210: 205: 202: 197: 194: 189: 186: 181: 178: 173: 170: 165: 162: 157: 154: 149: 146: 141: 138: 134: 131: 126: 123: 118: 115: 110: 108: 99: 92: 87: 85: 83: 79: 73: 69: 67: 63: 59: 55: 51: 47: 43: 34: 30: 19: 6574:Middle Irish 6490: 6478: 6473: 6453:Darraðarljóð 6451: 6444: 6404:Old Scatness 6222:Caittil Find 6176:Isabel Bruce 6033: 5799: 5456: 5433: 5424: 5404: 5393: 5370: 5362: 5354: 5334: 5325: 5316: 5307: 5298: 5289: 5280: 5271: 5262: 5253: 5244: 5235: 5226: 5217: 5208: 5187: 5178: 5169: 5160: 5151: 5142: 5133: 5112: 5103: 5094: 5085: 5076: 5067: 5058: 5049: 5040: 5031: 5022: 4971: 4958: 4949: 4940: 4931: 4887: 4880: 4877: 4837:(f)(t)(i)(r) 4815: 4806: 4803: 4800: 4772: 4763: 4760: 4757: 4697: 4676: 4669: 4666: 4459: 4442: 4439: 4436: 4336: 4311: 4301: 4297: 3933: 3930:Br Olsen;215 3916: 3913: 3910: 3610: 3593: 3590: 3587: 3535: 3505: 3495: 3492: 3378: 3369: 3366: 3363: 3347: 3344: 3341: 3277: 3274: 3271: 3127: 3111: 3102: 3099: 3096: 2908: 2899: 2892: 2889: 2774: 2752: 2749: 2746: 2686: 2672: 2669: 2666: 2623:reisti/rétti 2550:holding the 2540: 2524:Jurby parish 2518: 2515: 2512: 2372: 2355: 2352: 2349: 2248: 2245:Br Olsen;199 2226: 2223: 2220: 2164: 2161: 2158: 2134: 2131: 2128: 2112: 2109: 2106: 2090: 2087: 2084: 1996: 1993: 1990: 1958: 1955: 1952: 1938:(s)(i)(n)(a) 1872: 1869:Br Olsen;194 1850: 1847: 1844: 1724: 1716:Bride parish 1709: 1705: 1701: 1699: 1694: 1690: 1686: 1682: 1678: 1677: 1673: 1670: 1667: 1623: 1615: 1606: 1603: 1600: 1562:(b)ruþur:sun 1409: 1392: 1389: 1386: 1266: 1249: 1246: 1243: 1131: 1114: 1111: 1108: 990:(þ)(u)(r)... 980: 959: 945: 942: 939: 811: 789: 780: 777: 774: 761: 749: 732: 729: 726: 657: 648: 645: 642: 620:(k)(r)(u)(s) 566: 553: 551: 534: 531: 528: 317: 314:Br Olsen;184 300: 297: 294: 281:(k)(u)(l)(i) 104: 101:Br Olsen;183 74: 70: 66:high crosses 41: 39: 29: 6691:Vestrajǫrðr 6666:Isle of Man 6342:Archaeology 6242:Olvir Rosta 5697:Jomsvikings 3787:synd...(?), 3624:mail:brikti 3449:líkstein(?) 3412:mailb—ak... 2552:Gjallarhorn 2482:(t)(u)(t)ur 1685:or English 1160:Hrossketill 837:liu(t)ulbs| 569:Norse pagan 522:(o)ks/(b)ks 438:Arinbjǫrgu, 435:arin:biaurk 145:(u)(f)(a)ik 52:during the 50:Isle of Man 6774:Categories 6744:MacDougall 6739:Mac Coitir 6641:Brunanburh 6536:Lunnasting 5734:Aars stone 5512:Runestones 5415:1402192789 5345:References 3943:mal:lymkun 3627:Melbrigði, 3499:, sonr {} 3370:"Sigurðr." 3268:Hlífhildi. 2780:alphabet. 2162:Jésu Krist 1629:...---r—nr 1416:runemaster 1273:runemaster 893:ai(f)(t)ir 752:bind runes 58:runestones 54:Viking Age 6759:MacDonald 6729:Somhairle 6603:Etymology 6584:Old Norse 6546:Sandsting 6486:Ounceland 6379:Earl's Bu 6369:Camas Uig 6288:Dál Riata 6227:Ingimundr 6011:Resources 5854:hallow": 5375:Routledge 4853:(m)(u)... 4422:rum(u)... 3784:sin:bruku 3510:, son of 3085:Kornadal. 2692:þurbiaurn 2159:isu krist 1930:(u)(n)(u) 1597:ihsvs> 1565:bróðurson 1364:fro(k)(a) 993:Þorsteinn 6754:Macruari 6724:Uí Ímair 6661:Epiphany 6646:Clontarf 6620:Hebrides 6566:Language 6551:Tingwall 6526:Dingwall 6513:Althings 6503:Udal law 6464:Hogbacks 6399:Maeshowe 6384:Jarlshof 6328:Scotland 6313:Shetland 6298:Lochlann 6232:Ljótólfr 6115:Uí Ímair 5699:and the 5391:(1892). 4926:1983:227 4897:See also 4094:Dufgals, 4025:mal:mury 3446:lik+tinn 3367:Sigurðr. 3360:Sigurðr. 3082:kurnaþal 2963:baþr(i)k 2793:(i)(u)an 2740:þ(o)-... 2695:Þorbjǫrn 2660:þurb-... 2548:Heimdall 2445:Ástríði, 2110:Alleins. 2103:Alleins. 1968:murkialu 1814:aþmiu... 1761:Dufgals, 1758:u(f)kals 1430:Þorleifr 1224:eiðsvara 1221:aiþsoara 1157:roskitil 1105:Krínáns. 840:Ljótulfs 599:Þorvaldr 596:þurualtr 581:Ragnarök 326:Sandulfr 323:sont:ulf 82:Maughold 6749:MacLeod 6681:Skyhill 6676:Renfrew 6589:Pictish 6556:Tynwald 6541:Nesting 6521:Delting 6440:Birlinn 6349:Bornish 6276:History 6023:Rundata 5940:Other: 5474:Rundata 5461:Cassell 5355:Futhark 4964:Rundata 4746:Svarta. 4711:(k)rims 4556:ris(t)i 4511:Þórulfs 4508:þurulfs 4473:iualfir 4342:(r)i(m) 4171:...etra 4091:tufkals 4075:tot(o)r 3659:Aðakáns 3656:aþakans 3454:i(f)tir 3338:þessar. 2987:(×) ¶ ÷ 2982:Adamnán 2966:Patrik. 2926:Kristr, 2394:...(u)s 2322:þessar. 2206:rune... 2135:"Cross" 1971:Myrgjǫl 1737:Druian, 1427:þurlibr 1367:Frakka, 1102:krinais 821:oulaibr 562:Rundata 558:Andreas 265:f(r)(a) 260:Bjarnar 257:biarnar 6651:Dollar 6354:Birsay 6333:Norway 6303:Orkney 6141:Bjaðǫk 6083:Rulers 6004:Sö 113 5962:Vg 119 5950:Ög 181 5946:Ög 136 5942:Sö 154 5937:DR 360 5933:DR 357 5929:DR 338 5925:DR 230 5921:DR 209 5904:DR 120 5892:Sö 111 5884:Vg 113 5880:U 1161 5872:DR 220 5868:DR 209 5864:DR 110 5860:Sö 140 5856:Vg 150 5818:Estrid 5796:DR 143 5792:DR 114 5772:Sr 139 5683:DR 330 5679:DR 259 5659:Sö 360 5655:Sö 333 5651:Sö 174 5635:U 1048 5560:(main) 5528:(main) 5467:  5445:  5412:  5381:  4885:{} ... 4871:(u)... 4866:  4848:  4832:  4754:  4743:suarta 4738:  4722:  4663:  4647:  4631:  4623:Fríðu, 4615:  4599:  4583:  4567:  4559:reisti 4551:  4543:Rauða, 4535:  4519:  4503:  4487:  4468:  4425:Hróðmu 4417:  4401:  4385:  4369:  4361:reisti 4353:  4294:  4286:illan. 4278:  4262:  4246:  4230:  4222:fóstra 4219:fustra 4214:  4198:  4182:  4166:  4150:  4134:  4118:  4102:  4086:  4078:dóttir 4070:  4059:si(n)e 4054:  4046:fóstra 4043:fustra 4038:  4020:  4004:  3988:  3972:  3964:reisti 3961:raisti 3956:  3907:  3883:  3867:  3851:  3835:  3819:  3803:  3779:  3763:  3747:  3731:  3715:  3699:  3691:reisti 3688:raisti 3683:  3675:Smiðs, 3667:  3651:  3635:  3619:  3576:  3560:  3489:  3465:  3441:  3425:  3407:  3364:sikuþr 3357:sikuþr 3330:  3314:  3298:  3265:lifilt 3260:  3249:lif... 3244:  3228:  3220:dóttur 3212:  3196:  3180:  3164:  3148:  3140:Heðinn 3093:  3069:  3061:prestr 3053:  3037:  3021:  3005:  2990:  2974:  2950:  2942:Malaki 2939:malaki 2934:  2918:  2886:  2868:  2860:rúnar. 2852:  2844:þessar 2836:  2828:reisti 2825:raisti 2820:  2812:prestr 2804:  2735:  2719:  2711:reisti 2703:  2663:Þor... 2647:  2631:  2615:  2599:  2583:  2567:  2493:  2485:dóttur 2477:  2453:  2442:asriþi 2437:  2421:  2405:  2330:  2314:  2298:  2282:  2274:Ásrøðr 2217:  2201:  2185:  2129:kru... 2122:kru... 2107:a=læns 2100:a=læns 2081:  2033:  2009:  1979:  1949:  1917:  1909:reisti 1906:raisti 1901:  1882:...(a) 1825:  1817:Aþmiu, 1801:  1777:reisti 1774:raisti 1769:  1745:  1702:gjorde 1683:gjorde 1679:gerði 1656:  1640:  1589:  1581:Hafrs. 1573:  1557:  1533:  1517:  1502:  1486:  1470:  1462:reisti 1454:  1446:Hnakki 1438:  1375:  1372:(a)(þ) 1359:  1343:  1327:  1311:  1303:reisti 1295:  1232:  1216:  1208:tryggu 1200:  1184:  1168:  1149:...(n) 1097:  1081:  1073:Ófeig, 1065:  1049:  1033:  1017:  1009:reisti 1006:raisti 1001:  920:  904:  888:  872:  861:r(s)rs 856:  832:  707:  691:  675:  667:reisti 631:  615:reisti 607:  577:Fenrir 517:  501:  485:  462:  446:  430:  414:  398:  382:  374:reisti 371:raisti 366:  358:Svarti 355:suarti 350:  334:  291:  284:Kolli. 276:  252:  236:  228:gerði, 220:  204:  188:  172:  161:fauþur 156:  148:Ófeig, 133:  122:(þ)(a) 62:Celtic 6671:Largs 6656:Barry 6636:Bauds 5999:Other 5958:Vg 63 5917:DR 83 5913:DR 81 5909:Vg 67 5900:DR 48 5896:DR 26 5888:Sö 86 5862:(?), 5850:"May 5788:DR 55 5784:N 225 5776:Vg 67 5768:U 861 5764:U 489 5760:U 455 5756:U 337 5748:Vs 24 5687:N 239 5675:G 207 5671:Sm 48 5667:Vg 81 5663:Vg 40 5647:Sö 49 5643:Sö 47 5639:Sö 16 5627:U 954 5623:U 948 5619:U 925 5611:U 614 5607:U 605 5603:U 258 5599:U 158 5595:Nä 29 4909:Notes 4840:eptir 4789:rúnar 4786:runar 4655:sína. 4639:móður 4636:muþur 4620:friþu 4591:þenna 4575:kross 4540:rauþa 4393:þenna 4377:kross 4358:risti 4345:Grímr 4238:góðan 4235:kuþan 4206:leifa 4203:laifa 4174:Betra 4158:átti. 4142:Aðísl 4139:aþisl 4012:eptir 4009:efter 3996:þenna 3980:kross 3936:ogham 3843:þenna 3827:gerði 3824:kirþi 3811:Gautr 3723:þenna 3707:kross 3568:þenna 3552:kross 3481:sína. 3470:kuina 3462:+ ¶ + 3457:eptir 3433:gerði 3430:kirþi 3335:þisar 3322:rúnar 3319:runar 3306:risti 3303:risti 3252:Hlíf. 3217:tutur 3204:eptir 3201:eftir 3188:þenna 3172:kross 3156:setti 3137:heþin 3058:brist 2923:krisþ 2857:runur 2841:þasir 2809:brist 2778:Ogham 2727:kross 2708:risti 2655:eptir 2652:aftir 2620:raiti 2607:annan 2575:sinn, 2543:Jurby 2498:ut... 2469:sína, 2429:eptir 2426:efter 2413:þenna 2410:þense 2335:----- 2306:rúnar 2303:runar 2290:reist 2287:raist 2209:rúna. 2193:reist 2190:raist 2177:Þúríð 2174:þuriþ 2155:Krist 2152:krist 2070:r...t 1922:if(t) 1793:þenna 1785:kross 1734:ruian 1648:gerði 1645:kirþi 1594:IHSVS 1578:habrs 1549:sinn, 1546:(s)in 1525:Fiak, 1494:þenna 1478:kross 1459:risti 1443:nhaki 1335:þenna 1319:kross 1300:risti 1240:sinn. 1205:triku 1176:vélti 1173:uilti 1070:ufaak 1041:þenna 1025:kross 936:sinn. 909:...-b 896:eptir 864:kross 845:|sunr 781:"..." 715:eptir 712:aftiʀ 699:þenna 696:þaina 683:kross 623:kross 470:sína. 451:kuinu 422:eptir 419:aftir 406:þenna 390:kross 212:Gautr 209:kautr 180:sinn, 164:fǫður 125:þenna 76:with 46:Norse 6719:Gunn 6686:Tara 6579:Norn 5954:Öl 1 5852:Thor 5780:N 68 5752:U 15 5631:1028 5465:ISBN 5443:ISBN 5410:ISBN 5379:ISBN 4924:Page 4892:..." 4730:hins 4652:sino 4588:þono 4572:krus 4527:hins 4524:hins 4495:sonr 4492:sunr 4374:krus 4283:ilan 4110:kona 4107:kona 4062:sín, 3993:þena 3977:krus 3899:Mǫn. 3896:maun 3875:alla 3840:þano 3808:kaut 3771:sína 3768:sina 3755:sálu 3752:salu 3720:þano 3704:krus 3672:smiþ 3643:sonr 3640:sunr 3478:sina 3473:kona 3399:sonr 3396:sunr 3385:kuan 3290:Árni 3287:arni 3236:sína 3233:sino 3185:þino 3169:krus 3153:seti 3045:Jóan 3042:iuan 3026:a... 3010:sauþ 2796:Jóan 2724:krus 2604:onon 2572:si]n 2506:...- 2501:Odd. 2466:sina 2461:konu 2458:kunu 2319:þsar 2147:Jésu 2073:rtt. 2017:Hygg 1984:m... 1941:sína 1933:konu 1893:sonr 1890:sunr 1841:sín. 1833:konu 1830:kunu 1806:a(f) 1790:þina 1753:sonr 1710:made 1691:made 1538:s(u) 1522:fiak 1491:þono 1475:krus 1332:þono 1316:krus 1287:Oddr 1237:siin 1038:þono 1022:krus 880:þnna 877:þ-na 848:sonr 573:Odin 571:god 467:sina 454:konu 403:þona 387:krus 342:hinn 244:sonr 241:sunr 225:kari 40:The 5964:, 5840:and 5615:699 5476:2.0 4966:2.0 4874:... 4824:... 4821:... 4797:... 4794:... 4781:... 4778:... 4727:ins 4706:... 4703:... 4670:{} 4607:ept 4604:aft 4433:... 4430:... 4409:ept 4406:ift 4390:þna 4270:son 4267:son 4251:þan 4163:+ ¶ 4155:ati 3872:ala 3856:auk 3739:fyr 3736:fur 3584:... 3565:þna 3549:(s) 3544:... 3541:... 3029:... 3013:... 2997:... 2743:þe. 2639:(?) 2636:--- 2509:... 2397:oss 2389:... 2386:... 2381:... 2378:... 2346:... 2338:... 2327:× ¶ 2258:... 2255:... 2144:isu 2132:Kro 2125:Kro 2057:ræð 2054:raþ 2046:auk 1987:... 1925:ept 1885:... 1809:ept 1782:krs 1750:sur 1706:did 1695:did 1693:or 1687:did 1664:... 1661:... 1632:... 1541:son 1510:ept 1507:aft 1383:... 1380:(þ) 1351:ept 1348:aft 1284:utr 1144:... 1141:... 1089:son 1086:sun 1057:ept 1054:ift 928:son 925:sun 778:... 775:ka- 771:... 768:ka- 723:... 720:... 680:rus 639:þe. 636:(þ) 612:(r) 525:... 509:... 493:... 478:... 475:(u) 339:hin 268:frá 177:sin 140:ept 117:... 114:... 80:at 6776:: 5988:, 5984:, 5960:, 5956:, 5952:, 5948:, 5944:, 5935:, 5931:, 5927:, 5923:, 5919:, 5915:, 5911:, 5902:, 5898:, 5894:, 5890:, 5886:, 5882:, 5878:: 5870:, 5866:, 5858:, 5828:, 5824:, 5820:: 5811:, 5807:, 5803:: 5794:, 5790:, 5786:, 5782:, 5778:, 5774:, 5770:, 5766:, 5762:, 5758:, 5754:, 5750:, 5685:, 5681:, 5677:, 5673:, 5669:, 5665:, 5661:, 5657:, 5653:, 5649:, 5645:, 5641:, 5637:, 5633:, 5629:, 5625:, 5621:, 5617:, 5613:, 5609:, 5605:, 5601:, 5597:, 5463:. 5459:. 5441:. 5437:. 5377:. 5373:. 5196:^ 5121:^ 5008:^ 4994:^ 4980:^ 4916:^ 4254:en 4190:er 4187:es 4126:er 4123:is 3859:ok 3816:׶ 3795:en 3792:in 3744::¶ 3581:af 2958:ok 2955:ok 2897:{} 2865:+¶ 2591:en 2588:in 2559:on 2266:En 2263:in 2065:ek 2062:ik 2049:ok 2041:at 2030:at 2025:ek 2022:ik 2014:uk 1838:si 933:in 912:f, 754:. 664:si 506:au 196:en 193:in 84:. 68:. 6068:e 6061:t 6054:v 5504:e 5497:t 5490:v 5451:. 5418:. 5397:. 4863:* 4845:* 4829:: 4751:× 4735:: 4719:: 4677:" 4660:+ 4644:: 4628:: 4612:: 4596:: 4580:: 4564:: 4548:: 4532:: 4516:: 4500:: 4484:: 4479:, 4465:+ 4414:: 4398:: 4382:: 4366:: 4350:: 4312:" 4299:+ 4291:+ 4275:: 4259:: 4243:: 4227:: 4211:: 4195:: 4179:: 4147:: 4131:: 4115:: 4099:: 4083:: 4067:: 4051:: 4035:: 4017:: 4001:: 3985:: 3969:: 3953:: 3904:× 3891:í 3888:i 3880:: 3864:¶ 3848:: 3832:: 3800:: 3776:: 3760:: 3728:: 3712:: 3696:: 3680:: 3664:: 3648:: 3632:: 3616:× 3573:: 3557:: 3506:" 3486:+ 3438:+ 3422:+ 3404:× 3391:, 3353:C 3327:: 3311:: 3295:: 3283:B 3257:¶ 3241:¶ 3225:: 3209:: 3193:: 3177:: 3161:: 3145:: 3133:A 3090:* 3077:í 3074:i 3066:* 3050:* 3034:* 3018:* 3002:* 2971:: 2947:: 2931:: 2915:+ 2883:+ 2849:+ 2833:+ 2817:+ 2801:+ 2732:: 2716:: 2700:: 2644:* 2628:¶ 2612:: 2596:: 2580:: 2564:* 2490:* 2474:* 2450:* 2434:* 2418:* 2402:* 2343:- 2311:: 2295:: 2279:: 2214:× 2198:× 2182:× 2170:G 2140:F 2118:E 2096:D 2078:× 2038:× 2006:× 2002:C 1976:× 1964:B 1946:× 1914:× 1898:× 1878:A 1822:: 1798:: 1766:: 1742:: 1653:* 1637:* 1586:× 1570:: 1554:: 1530:: 1499:: 1483:: 1467:: 1451:: 1435:: 1356:: 1340:: 1324:: 1308:: 1292:: 1229:: 1213:: 1197:: 1192:í 1189:i 1181:: 1165:: 1152:n 1094:: 1078:: 1062:: 1046:: 1030:: 1014:: 998:: 917:: 901:* 885:: 869:* 853:: 829:÷ 704:: 688:: 672:: 628:÷ 604:÷ 514:: 498:: 490:k 459:: 443:* 427:: 411:: 395:: 379:: 363:: 347:: 331:: 273:: 249:: 233:: 217:: 201:: 185:: 169:: 153:: 130:: 20:)

Index

Manx Runestones

Norse
Isle of Man
Viking Age
runestones
Celtic
high crosses
Anglo-Saxon runes
Maughold

short-twig runes


Andreas
Rundata
Norse pagan
Odin
Fenrir
Ragnarök
syncretic art
Huginn or Muninn

bind runes

short-twig runes

short-twig runes

short-twig runes

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