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561:, a monumental American-Canadian navigational project. This system of locks and gates facilitated the movement of boats through the river, connecting the Great Lakes to the Atlantic Ocean. With the completion of the Seaway and Power Project, Massena experienced a significant expansion at the Alcoa plant, solidifying its status as the oldest continuously operating aluminum production facility in the Western Hemisphere.
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While on
November 2, 2015, Alcoa announced the idling of the smelter at its "Alcoa West" plant, the facility remained open through negotiations with New York State, and 400 jobs were saved until 2019. The Forgings and Extrusions facilities at Alcoa West were unaffected. The changes resulted in the
494:
The town boasted the
Massena Springs, a pair of sulfur springs, one hot and the other cold, reputed to possess healing powers known to the Native Americans before European settlement. In 1820, an Army veteran, Captain John Polley, hoping to capitalize on the properties, opened a hotel and began to
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living together, 12.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 37.3% were non-families. 31.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 13.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.98 and the average family size was 3.67.
1324:, on the St. Lawrence River adjacent to Massena. Curran Renewable Energy manufactures wood pellet fuel and mulch in the town. Massena is also home to the Eisenhower and Snell Locks, part of the St. Lawrence Seaway which allows ships and vessels to pass through the St. Lawrence River and on to the
1757:
In the town, the population was spread out, with 23.7% under the age of 18, 7.1% from 18 to 24, 27.3% from 25 to 44, 23.2% from 45 to 64, and 18.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females, there were 88.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over,
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to turn their wheels. They included a saw mill, stone-cutter, and a tannery. In 1833, New York State
Legislature approved a canal that would bypass a troublesome rapids hindering navigation on the St. Lawrence by linking the Grasse and St. Lawrence Rivers. However, the
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project was revived at the end of the century and completed in 1898, finally connecting the Grasse River and St. Lawrence River. A powerhouse built in 1900 provided hydroelectric power to the town. The new canal attracted the
Pittsburgh Reduction Company (later
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It was estimated in 2013 that nearly 30% of
Massena residents live below the poverty line. St. Lawrence County's poverty rate is higher than both the state and federal rates and ranks the 5th highest in New York State.
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advertise them. By 1858, three hotels, numerous rental cottages, a bathing house, and a plant that bottled and sold the spring water, had been built. By about 1900, the
Springs' status as a popular resort had faded.
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Native
Americans have lived in the region for over 9,000 years. Archaeological studies reveal a vibrant pre-Columbian era marked by extensive hunting, fishing, gathering, and sophisticated trading networks.
1710:
was 293.7 inhabitants per square mile (113.4/km). There were 5,880 housing units at an average density of 131.6 units per square mile (50.8 units/km). The town's racial makeup was 96.80%
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475:, translating to "where the fish live." Massena was one of the first towns settled in St. Lawrence county, but was not incorporated until 1802 when it was formed from the town of
498:
Up until the 1880s, the town was predominantly agricultural, mainly home to butter and cheese production. The first small mills were built in the 1830s, harnessing the
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The town's median household income was $ 58,391, and the median family income was $ 62,696. Males had a median income of $ 48,484 versus $ 46,819 for females. The
523:). This influx of industry workers transformed former health retreat hotels into housing for the burgeoning workforce. The Massena Power Canal was closed in 1958.
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in the St. Lawrence River northeast of
Massena village. The island is at the international border and is the northernmost point of land in New York.
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Aluminum plant, the world's longest continually operating aluminum facility. Alcoa employs over 600 people at its facilities in
Massena.
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2579:"Alcoa to idle smelter at Massena's Alcoa West, will not modernize east plant in spite of deal with state | NorthCountryNow"
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From Great
Wilderness to Seaway Towns: A Comparative History of Cornwall, Ontario, and Massena, New York, 1784–2001
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Both the village and town of Massena are served by the Massena Central School District, which also serves most of
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of the Canada–United States border. The population was 12,433 at the 2020 census. The town of Massena contains a
2593:"Massena, New York (NY) poverty rate data - information about poor and low-income residents living in this city"
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By 2012 industrial employment had declined and there were 10,357 people in the town, down from 16,021 in 1970.
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There were 5,510 households, of which 39.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 36.1% were
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The St. Lawrence Seaway and Power Project: An Oral History of the Greatest Construction Show on Earth
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and St. Lawrence strip mall complex, fostering a regional retail hub, attracting Canadian shoppers.
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of 2000, there were 13,121 people, 2,510 households, and 3,454 families residing in the town. The
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1827:. The community was the site of health resorts and hotels based on sulphurous spring water.
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Massena was established in 1792 by Anable Faucher. The settlement was initially called
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439:, United States. Massena is along the county's northern border, just south of the
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1833:– A hamlet east of Massena village by the Raquette River. It was first settled
1765:
was $ 25,111. About 6.9% of families and 8.9% of the population were below the
1305:
The modern town's economy is centered on power production, the commerce of the
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2046:, Wisconsin State Senator, merchant, salesman and farmer, was born in Massena.
1996:
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2629:"Bus between Massena, Watertown & New York City | Trailways of New York"
2016:
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2701:. West Point, NY: West Point Association of Graduates. 1959. Archived from
17:
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1769:, including 15.4% of those under age 18 and 1.8% of those age 65 or over.
3320:‡This populated place also has portions in an adjacent county or counties
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1799:– A village at the western town line on both banks of the Grasse River.
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2259:
https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/massenatownstlawrencecountynewyork
2020:, released in 2012, was filmed in Massena and the surrounding area.
1863:– A waterway constructed as part of the St. Lawrence power project.
1817:– A waterway connecting the Grasse River to the St. Lawrence River.
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More than Otis: No Bull! A Salute to Hollywood Actor Hal J. Smith
2283:
2108:, retired professional hockey player, collegiate ice hockey coach
1953:
The final run of regular local trains into the town was in 1964.
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1791:– An island in the St. Lawrence River north of Massena village.
95:
Map highlighting Massena's location within St. Lawrence County.
3365:
New York (state) populated places on the Saint Lawrence River
2127:, Wisconsin State Assemblyman and farmer, was born in Massena
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1857:– A hamlet near the eastern town line by the Raquette River.
2133:, Wisconsin State Senator and lawyer, was born in Massena.
2683:
http://www.canadasouthern.com/caso/ptt/images/tt-0464.pdf
2671:
http://www.canadasouthern.com/caso/ptt/images/tt-0461.pdf
2083:
Timothy Fay, Lieutenant General, United States Air Force
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now operates a hydroelectric power generating dam, the
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Town council: Thomas Miller, Adrian Taraska, Deb Willer
2334:
The Origin of Certain Place Names in the United States
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on the Canadian side of the River, completed in 1843.
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2767:(1st ed.). Massena, New York: Stubbs Printing.
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526:In 1928 the town was the scene of the antisemitic
507:government preempted this project by building the
2753:, Biographical Sketch of Horace N. Polley, p. 770
2531:. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
2509:. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
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2730:(4th ed.). New York: Macmillan Publishing.
2669:New York Central timetable, Apr. 1961, Table 18
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2257:US Census Results, 2020, Massena town, New York
1937:. The town had until 1961 been the terminus for
551:St. Lawrence-Franklin D. Roosevelt Power Project
549:was established, leading to the creation of the
2652:, Johns Hopkins University Press, 1989, p. 41.
2805:Photo of Massena depot of the New York Central
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30:For the village located within this town, see
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630:) (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1948–present)
8:
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2163:, another community, named after Massena, NY
2006:Massena was a location featured in the film
1941:(NYC) sleeping car passenger service on its
49:
2337:. U.S. Government Printing Office. p.
1945:; the last sleepers came in from the NYC's
1929:, east of Massena village, south of NY-37.
1823:– A hamlet south of Massena village by the
571:The town suffered natural disasters in the
479:. The town and its village are named after
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1746:of any race were 0.83% of the population.
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1901:J. William Leary Junior High School (7–8)
2397:. Syracuse University Press. p. 2.
394:United States Department of the Interior
3380:1802 establishments in New York (state)
2207:"Population and Housing Unit Estimates"
2173:
2071:, National Hockey League player on the
1980:– AM 1050 (defunct as of June 30, 2015)
1789:Long Sault Island ("Isle au Long Saut")
564:The 1980s saw the establishment of the
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3370:Towns in St. Lawrence County, New York
2681:April 1964 New York Central timetable
2529:"Summary of Monthly Normals 1991-2020"
1949:and the outgoing sleeper fed into the
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270:44.34 sq mi (114.85 km)
262:56.14 sq mi (145.42 km)
2310:"Geographic Names Information System"
2290:from the original on October 21, 2023
2225:
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1933:provides bus service from Massena to
587:Massena is located just south of the
577:January 1998 North American ice storm
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278:11.80 sq mi (30.56 km)
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126:Location within the state of New York
7:
3360:Populated places established in 1802
2507:"NOWData - NOAA Online Weather Data"
1773:Communities and locations in Massena
626:Climate data for Massena, New York (
2763:Michaud, John D. III, ed. (2004) .
2496:—American Jewish Historical Society
2462:. Oxford University Press. p.
1989:Massena was a location featured in
1898:Nightengale Elementary School (K-6)
1738:, and .02% from two or more races.
385:Geographic Names Information System
246: • Deputy Town Supervisor
2840:Municipalities and communities of
2724:Reichler, Joseph L., ed. (1979) .
2607:"Census of Population and Housing"
2551:"Massena economy tries to recover"
2428:. massena ny. 2016. Archived from
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25:
2695:"Memorial, Avery D. Andrews 1886"
2312:. United States Geographic Survey
1913:Holy Name of Jesus Academy (K-12)
1892:Jefferson Elementary School (K-6)
1849:in the northern part of the town.
573:1944 Cornwall-Massena earthquake
112:
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89:
2796:—Massena Local Online Community
1895:Madison Elementary School (K-6)
390:United States Geological Survey
113:
39:Town in New York, United States
2357:Parham, Claire Puccia (2013).
1322:St. Lawrence-FDR Power Project
1:
2843:St. Lawrence County, New York
2184:. United States Census Bureau
1995:, released in 2000, starring
1927:Massena International Airport
1910:Trinity Catholic School (K-6)
1811:northeast of Massena village.
628:Massena International Airport
1886:St. Regis Mohawk Reservation
2235:United States Census Bureau
2182:"2016 U.S. Gazetteer Files"
1905:Massena Central High School
1243:Average precipitation days
959:Mean daily minimum °F (°C)
819:Mean daily maximum °F (°C)
83:Gateway to the Fourth Coast
32:Massena (village), New York
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2363:. SUNY Press. p. 46.
2102:, Medal of Honor recipient
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599:rivers pass through town.
29:
3375:Towns in New York (state)
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2727:The Baseball Encyclopedia
2494:"The Massena Blood Libel"
2118:player and member of the
1939:New York Central Railroad
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27:Town of Massena, New York
2751:Wisconsin Blue Book 1899
2095:television color analyst
1318:New York Power Authority
566:St. Lawrence Centre Mall
547:New York Power Authority
534:were falsely accused of
2458:Antisemitism in America
2391:Parham, Claire (2009).
2331:Gannett, Henry (1905).
1923:New York State Route 37
1842:Robert Moses State Park
1758:there were 84.7 males.
1695:The town's water tower.
487:to Napoleon during the
286:200 ft (61 m)
50:
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2699:apps.westpointaog.org/
2422:"grasse river project"
2063:American Hockey League
1992:Me, Myself & Irene
1696:
505:British North American
445:Three Nations Crossing
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2782:Early Massena history
2286:. Massena, New York.
2153:, Napoleonic general.
2120:Baseball Hall of Fame
2116:Major League Baseball
2091:Major League Baseball
2050:Stephanie Bissonnette
1973:WRCD-FM 101.5 The Fox
1943:St. Lawrence Division
1931:Trailways of New York
1694:
1685:U.S. Decennial Census
1345:Historical population
1029:Mean minimum °F (°C)
749:Mean maximum °F (°C)
583:Geography and climate
322: • Summer (
154:44.96083°N 74.83389°W
3338:United States portal
2800:Massena Historic Map
2790:—NorthCountryNow.com
2705:on February 21, 2018
2452:Dinnerstein, Leonard
2432:on November 25, 2020
679:Record high °F (°C)
2788:Massena information
2559:. December 24, 2017
1861:Wiley Dondero Canal
1815:Massena Power Canal
1346:
1307:St. Lawrence Seaway
1099:Record low °F (°C)
889:Daily mean °F (°C)
559:St. Lawrence Seaway
528:Massena blood libel
433:St. Lawrence County
159:44.96083; -74.83389
150: /
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2556:The New York Times
2044:William G. Bissell
2039:United States Army
1985:In popular culture
1708:population density
1697:
1344:
1332:loss of 487 jobs.
589:St. Lawrence River
555:St. Lawrence River
545:In the 1950s, the
441:St. Lawrence River
296: • Total
275: • Water
259: • Total
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2426:Thegrassriver.com
2404:978-0-8156-5102-4
2035:brigadier general
1951:New York Special.
1763:per capita income
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380:"Town of Massena"
267: • Land
227: • Type
16:(Redirected from
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2031:Avery D. Andrews
1968:WVLF-FM Mix 96.1
1779:Barnhardt Island
1732:Pacific Islander
1720:African American
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2231:"Census Bureau"
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2100:Follett Johnson
2026:
2001:Renée Zellweger
1987:
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1876:, a portion of
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1821:Massena Springs
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1751:married couples
1724:Native American
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135:Coordinates:
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3297:South Colton
3292:Rooseveltown
3287:Raymondville
3277:Newton Falls
3252:Chippewa Bay
3006:
2862:
2764:
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2746:
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2719:
2709:February 21,
2707:. Retrieved
2703:the original
2698:
2689:
2677:
2665:
2650:Night Trains
2649:
2644:
2632:. Retrieved
2623:
2611:. Retrieved
2609:. Census.gov
2601:
2587:
2573:
2563:December 24,
2561:. Retrieved
2554:
2545:
2535:December 19,
2533:. Retrieved
2523:
2513:December 19,
2511:. Retrieved
2501:
2489:
2477:. Retrieved
2457:
2446:
2434:. Retrieved
2430:the original
2425:
2393:
2386:
2374:. Retrieved
2359:
2333:
2326:
2316:December 17,
2314:. Retrieved
2304:
2294:December 17,
2292:. Retrieved
2238:. Retrieved
2210:. Retrieved
2186:. Retrieved
2176:
2106:Mike Hurlbut
2087:Jim Deshaies
2053:
2015:
2014:
2009:Frozen River
2007:
2005:
1990:
1988:
1950:
1946:
1921:
1871:
1860:
1854:Rooseveltown
1852:
1840:
1834:
1830:
1820:
1814:
1802:
1794:
1788:
1778:
1767:poverty line
1760:
1756:
1748:
1701:
1698:
1340:Demographics
1334:
1330:
1315:
1304:
1173:inches (mm)
616:
606:
586:
570:
563:
544:
525:
513:
500:Grasse River
497:
493:
468:
466:
462:
424:
423:
397:. Retrieved
383:
202:Incorporated
196:St. Lawrence
36:
3257:Crary Mills
3242:Chase Mills
3209:Parishville
3032:Piercefield
3027:Parishville
3022:Oswegatchie
2858:County seat
2634:October 20,
2240:January 31,
1736:other races
1326:Great Lakes
1245:(≥ 0.01 in)
575:and in the
542:of a girl.
469:Nikentsiake
451:also named
157: /
51:Nikentsiake
18:Massena, NY
3354:Categories
3237:Brier Hill
3199:Morristown
3179:Hailesboro
3130:Waddington
3090:Gouverneur
3067:Waddington
3037:Pierrepont
3012:Morristown
2992:Louisville
2962:Gouverneur
2942:De Peyster
2883:Ogdensburg
2212:August 11,
2168:References
2131:Myron Reed
2112:Bid McPhee
2078:Gary Danko
2054:Mean Girls
1997:Jim Carrey
1884:, and the
1874:Louisville
1847:state park
1702:As of the
591:, and the
536:kidnapping
375:feature ID
291:Population
241:Sue Bellor
222:Government
145:74°50′02″W
142:44°57′39″N
3316:Footnotes
3247:Childwold
3214:Star Lake
3148:Akwesasne
3125:Richville
3100:Heuvelton
3062:Stockholm
2977:Hopkinton
2436:April 16,
2284:"History"
2137:Hal Smith
2114:, former
2089:, former
2061:, former
2017:For Ellen
1963:1340 WMSA
1868:Education
1309:, and an
597:Racquette
361:FIPS code
349:Area code
305:Time zone
283:Elevation
211:Named for
3302:Wanakena
3219:Winthrop
3077:Villages
3042:Pitcairn
2982:Lawrence
2479:July 20,
2454:(1994).
2376:July 19,
2288:Archived
2145:See also
2093:player,
1947:Iroquois
1935:Syracuse
1740:Hispanic
1730:, 0.03%
1726:, 0.41%
1722:, 1.25%
1714:, 0.30%
1290:Source:
1169:Average
1094:(−30.4)
1089:(−23.1)
1084:(−12.4)
1044:(−20.4)
1039:(−26.8)
1034:(−28.9)
969:(−13.7)
964:(−14.5)
443:and the
437:New York
366:36-46030
338:ZIP Code
184:New York
3282:Pyrites
3229:Hamlets
3204:Norfolk
3174:Edwards
3115:Potsdam
3110:Norwood
3105:Massena
3095:Hammond
3057:Russell
3047:Potsdam
3017:Norfolk
3007:Massena
2967:Hammond
2947:Edwards
2937:De Kalb
2927:Clifton
2912:Brasher
2613:June 4,
2188:July 5,
2157:Massena
2139:, actor
2037:in the
1882:Brasher
1878:Norfolk
1796:Massena
1301:Economy
1079:(−5.2)
1054:(−1.2)
1049:(−7.3)
1019:(−9.2)
1014:(−2.8)
999:(13.4)
994:(14.6)
989:(11.9)
974:(−7.4)
949:(−4.6)
934:(15.3)
929:(19.7)
924:(20.8)
919:(18.2)
914:(13.3)
904:(−1.9)
899:(−7.9)
894:(−9.1)
884:(12.6)
869:(14.2)
864:(21.8)
859:(26.1)
854:(27.1)
849:(24.6)
844:(19.9)
839:(12.1)
829:(−2.1)
824:(−3.7)
814:(33.6)
809:(12.3)
804:(19.0)
799:(25.0)
794:(30.1)
789:(32.0)
784:(32.3)
779:(31.8)
774:(30.3)
769:(25.1)
764:(16.5)
754:(10.5)
603:Climate
485:Marshal
471:by the
459:History
453:Massena
449:village
425:Massena
414:massena
409:Website
399:May 28,
170:Country
120:Massena
46:Massena
3272:Morley
3262:Helena
3194:Madrid
3189:Hermon
3159:Colton
3085:Canton
3052:Rossie
3002:Madrid
2997:Macomb
2987:Lisbon
2972:Hermon
2957:Fowler
2932:Colton
2917:Canton
2865:Canton
2734:
2656:
2470:
2401:
2367:
2080:, chef
2065:player
1907:(9–12)
1809:hamlet
1783:island
1744:Latino
1704:census
1675:12,433
1660:12,883
1645:13,121
1630:13,826
1615:14,856
1605:−24.9%
1600:16,021
1585:21,346
1570:17,937
1555:12,979
1540:12,029
1455:−12.5%
1395:119.3%
1350:Census
1285:145.6
1238:(862)
1164:(−42)
1159:(−36)
1154:(−23)
1119:(−14)
1114:(−32)
1109:(−39)
1104:(−42)
1074:(0.4)
1069:(6.4)
1064:(8.7)
1059:(4.6)
1024:(0.9)
1009:(3.0)
1004:(8.8)
984:(6.6)
979:(0.1)
954:(6.7)
944:(2.1)
939:(8.6)
909:(6.1)
879:(0.1)
874:(7.0)
834:(3.4)
759:(9.2)
635:Month
613:Köppen
593:Grasse
477:Lisbon
299:12,433
191:County
58:Mohawk
54:
2922:Clare
2904:Towns
1957:Radio
1837:1804.
1835:circa
1781:– An
1728:Asian
1716:Black
1712:White
1680:−3.5%
1665:−1.8%
1650:−5.1%
1635:−6.9%
1620:−7.3%
1590:19.0%
1575:38.2%
1545:34.0%
1530:86.7%
1525:8,975
1515:23.1%
1510:4,806
1500:42.5%
1495:3,904
1480:2,740
1465:2,739
1450:2,560
1435:2,925
1420:2,870
1410:31.7%
1405:2,726
1390:2,070
1311:Alcoa
1282:13.6
1279:12.6
1276:12.4
1273:11.3
1270:10.9
1267:11.6
1264:12.7
1261:12.4
1258:12.5
1255:11.9
1252:10.3
1249:13.4
1236:33.92
1233:(53)
1228:(66)
1223:(87)
1218:(89)
1213:(85)
1208:(88)
1203:(94)
1198:(80)
1193:(74)
1188:(52)
1183:(40)
1178:(54)
1149:(−9)
1144:(−4)
1129:(−1)
1124:(−7)
1092:−22.7
1037:−16.2
1032:−20.0
744:(38)
739:(20)
734:(26)
729:(31)
724:(35)
719:(38)
714:(37)
709:(36)
704:(36)
699:(32)
694:(29)
689:(17)
684:(19)
674:Year
521:Alcoa
427:is a
342:13662
333:(EDT)
331:UTC−4
310:UTC−5
179:State
3140:CDPs
2952:Fine
2875:City
2732:ISBN
2711:2018
2654:ISBN
2636:2018
2615:2015
2565:2017
2537:2023
2515:2023
2481:2017
2468:ISBN
2438:2017
2399:ISBN
2378:2017
2365:ISBN
2318:2023
2296:2023
2242:2008
2214:2019
2190:2017
2161:Iowa
1999:and
1978:WYBG
1880:and
1845:– A
1807:– A
1671:2020
1656:2010
1641:2000
1626:1990
1611:1980
1596:1970
1581:1960
1566:1950
1560:7.9%
1551:1940
1536:1930
1521:1920
1506:1910
1491:1900
1485:0.0%
1476:1890
1470:7.0%
1461:1880
1446:1870
1440:1.9%
1431:1860
1425:5.3%
1416:1850
1401:1840
1386:1830
1371:1820
1359:Note
1354:Pop.
1316:The
1292:NOAA
1231:2.09
1226:2.59
1221:3.43
1216:3.50
1211:3.36
1206:3.46
1201:3.71
1196:3.14
1191:2.91
1186:2.04
1181:1.58
1176:2.11
1139:(2)
1134:(3)
1087:−9.6
1077:22.7
1072:32.7
1067:43.6
1062:47.7
1057:40.3
1052:29.8
1047:18.8
1042:−4.8
1022:33.6
1017:15.5
1012:26.9
1007:37.4
1002:47.8
997:56.2
992:58.2
987:53.4
982:43.9
977:32.2
972:18.7
952:44.1
947:23.8
942:35.8
937:47.5
932:59.5
927:67.5
922:69.5
917:64.8
912:55.9
907:42.9
902:28.5
897:17.8
892:15.6
882:54.6
877:32.1
872:44.6
867:57.5
862:71.2
857:78.9
852:80.8
847:76.2
842:67.9
837:53.7
832:38.2
827:28.2
822:25.4
812:92.4
807:54.2
802:66.2
797:77.0
792:86.2
787:89.6
782:90.2
777:89.3
772:86.6
767:77.1
762:61.7
757:48.6
752:50.9
671:Dec
668:Nov
665:Oct
662:Sep
659:Aug
656:Jul
653:Jun
650:May
647:Apr
644:Mar
641:Feb
638:Jan
595:and
538:and
532:Jews
514:The
429:town
401:2024
373:GNIS
254:Area
205:1802
69:Town
2464:101
2339:202
1742:or
1718:or
1375:944
1162:−44
1157:−33
1112:−26
1107:−38
1102:−44
1082:9.6
967:7.3
962:5.9
742:100
717:100
619:).
617:Dfb
431:in
416:.us
354:315
324:DST
3356::
2861::
2846:,
2697:.
2553:.
2466:.
2424:.
2413:^
2347:^
2265:^
2250:^
2233:.
2222:^
2198:^
2159:,
2033:,
2012:.
2003:.
1888:.
1364:%±
1328:.
1152:−9
1147:15
1142:24
1137:35
1132:38
1127:31
1122:20
737:68
732:78
727:87
722:95
712:99
707:97
702:96
697:89
692:84
687:63
682:67
615::
579:.
491:.
455:.
435:,
392:,
388:.
382:.
3150:‡
2833:e
2826:t
2819:v
2740:.
2713:.
2660:.
2638:.
2617:.
2595:.
2581:.
2567:.
2539:.
2517:.
2483:.
2440:.
2407:.
2380:.
2341:.
2320:.
2298:.
2244:.
2216:.
2192:.
1380:—
1117:6
611:(
403:.
326:)
316:)
312:(
60:)
56:(
34:.
20:)
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