2859:
Buddha, the sāsana becomes increasingly opaque until it finally disappears. There may be a period with no Buddha, and then a future Buddha descends from the celestial abodes, is born, and restores the sāsana on earth once again. Burmese
Buddhist historian, Alicia Turner, has identified multiple chronologies for the decline of the sāsana that range from one hundred to five thousand years (2014). In the time of decay, also known as the Kaliyuga, all traces of the Tipitaka and their supporting practices eventually vanish destabilizing the sāsana and triggering its dissolution. pp 32-33:The Angata vamsa (dating to roughly 13th century) specifically depicts five stages in the decline of the sāsana. The first stage articulates the loss of the ability for monks to reach the four stages of enlightenment: sotapanna (stream-enterer), sakadagami (once-returner), anagami (non-returner), and arahant (fully awakened). The second stage relates the loss of patipatti (practice). In this stage, monks lose the ability to meditate and maintain their precepts. The loss of pariyatti (textual study) is the third stage and depicts the disappearance of the Tipitaka. The fourth stage illustrates the loss of maintaining even appearances of piousness i.e. respectful speech, attire, work, and morals. In this stage, monks no longer behave as monks. They are illustrated as married and working people. The final stage illustrates the disappearance of the Buddha's relics as they are returned to the location of the Buddha's enlightenment and engulfed in flames (ibid.)
58:
2342:(of which he is the leader), vow to be reborn in a latter day to re-create Buddhist dharma, thus turning the degenerate age into a flourishing paradise. Gautama Buddha entrusts them instead of his more commonly known major disciples with this task since the Bodhisattvas of the Earth have had a karmic connection with Gautama Buddha since the beginning of time, meaning that they are aware of the Superior Practice which is the essence of Buddhism or the Dharma in its original, pure form.
563:
1453:
5747:
5758:
3156:
3143:
2034:
3133:
2877:
cf Note 1747- And this expression 'a thousand years' is said with reference to arahants who have attained the analytic knowledges. Following this, for another thousand years, there appear dry-insight arahants; for another thousand years, non-returners; for another thousand years, once-returners; for
2858:
pp 25-26:Many of the
Burmese Buddhists I spoke with referenced a five thousand year period of decline noting that the current sāsana of the Buddha Sakyamuni who lived in India during the 5th century BCE, is already half way towards its complete disintegration. As time passes after the death of a
2878:
another thousand years, stream-enterers. Thus the good Dhamma of penetration will last five thousand years. The Dhamma of learning will also last this long. For without learning, there is no penetration, and as long as there is learning, there is penetration.
2323:
assumes a cyclical pattern of ages, and even when the current Buddha's teachings fall into disregard, a new Buddha will at some point (usually considered to be millions of years in the future) be born to ensure the continuity of
Buddhism. In the
3897:
2284:, who believe that different Buddhist teachings are valid (i.e., able to lead practitioners to enlightenment) in each period due to the different capacity to accept a teaching (
889:
2261:
would lose all power of salvation and a new Buddha would appear to save the people. This time period would be characterized by unrest, strife, famine, and natural disasters.
3287:
896:
1419:
5040:
1515:
2610:
2346:
is also known for his vow to take responsibility for the instruction of all beings in the six worlds, in the era between the death of
Gautama and the rise of
3257:
3049:
527:
3365:
3122:
5793:
2940:
562:
5632:
5084:
2412:
in China and Japan believe we are now in this latter age of "degenerate Dharma". Pure Land followers therefore attempt to attain rebirth into the
905:
4816:
5287:
3267:
2642:
3012:
2747:
2488:
677:
1412:
3450:
3292:
942:
5627:
5524:
5074:
3169:
3100:
2064:
1510:
1467:
5617:
2915:
3370:
2987:
721:
3513:
2700:
2452:
had alternative views regarding dharma decline. Dōgen believed that there is no Mò Fǎ while Xuyun thought Mò Fǎ is not inevitable.
2815:
Kyoshin Asano, The Idea of the Last Dharma-age in
Shinran's Thought (Part 2), Pacific World, Third Series Number 4, 197-216, 2002
2586:
825:
5302:
5047:
2804:
1405:
1261:
488:
2816:
2803:
Kyoshin Asano, The Idea of the Last Dharma-age in
Shinran's Thought (Part 1), Pacific World, Third Series Number 3, 53-70, 2001
5694:
5684:
520:
5639:
5292:
5094:
4985:
4930:
3503:
2094:
383:
3094:
2551:
Marra, Michele (1988). The development of mappō thought in Japan (I), Japanese
Journal of Religious Studies 15 (1), 26-27.
5788:
5609:
5307:
4990:
3282:
3115:
2329:
2086:
1993:
1688:
501:
157:
2165:), the first thousand years (or 500 years) during which the Buddha's disciples are able to uphold the Buddha's teachings;
433:
5798:
5192:
5064:
5035:
4737:
2503:
Marra, Michele (1988). The development of mappō thought in Japan (I), Japanese
Journal of Religious Studies 15 (1), 25.
1938:
1713:
1673:
31:
4427:
935:
882:
5783:
4883:
4792:
4688:
4622:
4262:
3907:
3420:
3315:
2224:
1306:
771:
35:
5803:
5732:
5212:
4174:
3297:
3043:
3033:
2839:
2552:
2504:
513:
378:
3646:
1623:
5813:
5622:
5435:
5425:
5297:
4280:
3860:
3621:
3596:
2339:
1813:
1071:
388:
3920:
2779:
1768:
5727:
5079:
4893:
4871:
4864:
4767:
4300:
3736:
3681:
3302:
3108:
2575:
Masters of
Mahamudra: Songs and Histories of the Eighty-Four Buddhist Siddhas (Suny Series in Buddhist Studies)
2403:
1818:
5664:
5644:
4975:
4955:
4712:
4442:
4243:
4004:
3686:
3636:
2840:
Nichiren Shonin's View of
Humanity: The Final Dharma Age and the Three Thousand Realms in One Thought-Moment
1978:
1758:
1593:
1256:
97:
1231:
1171:
5674:
5514:
5182:
5152:
4925:
4876:
4717:
4665:
4660:
4422:
4140:
3892:
3887:
2332:
is entrusted to spread Buddhist dharma in this age and save mankind and the earth. He and countless other
2057:
1793:
1778:
1683:
1678:
1500:
857:
152:
1221:
921:
5679:
5649:
5230:
5162:
4995:
4910:
4905:
4829:
4824:
4742:
3272:
2456:
1998:
1988:
1943:
1386:
872:
373:
4295:
403:
57:
4812:
3952:
2964:
5702:
5669:
5654:
5542:
5172:
5069:
5015:
4900:
4839:
4807:
4802:
4787:
4772:
4762:
4727:
4640:
4332:
4255:
4157:
4026:
3828:
3566:
3558:
3498:
3247:
3214:
3164:
2944:
2008:
1968:
1963:
1928:
1773:
1653:
1561:
1546:
1490:
1462:
1391:
1381:
1376:
1033:
647:
423:
92:
3483:
3410:
2724:
766:
295:
5509:
5388:
5222:
5197:
5187:
5147:
5124:
5007:
4980:
4940:
4859:
4849:
4777:
4704:
4135:
3992:
3773:
3751:
3703:
3523:
3323:
3179:
3159:
2646:
2460:
2399:
was an early sect that taught about Mò Fǎ. It taught to respect every sutra and all sentient life.
2120:
2018:
1973:
1911:
1851:
1788:
1733:
1728:
1483:
1472:
1351:
956:
841:
832:
657:
617:
5371:
3056:
volume 1 (transl. of the "Scripture Preached by the Buddha on the Total Extinction of the Dharma")
2754:
5572:
5477:
5319:
5282:
5277:
5207:
5157:
5104:
5099:
4970:
4965:
4960:
4950:
4935:
4920:
4915:
4854:
4834:
4797:
4722:
4527:
4228:
4152:
4030:
3972:
3813:
3713:
3641:
3616:
3262:
3192:
2688:
2409:
2320:
2303:
2003:
1983:
1923:
1918:
1806:
1708:
1701:
1628:
1618:
1525:
1371:
1336:
998:
928:
850:
637:
330:
310:
117:
3488:
2623:
5750:
5712:
5408:
5393:
5356:
5341:
5114:
5030:
4945:
4782:
4747:
4732:
4694:
4459:
4449:
4130:
3977:
3962:
3833:
3756:
3676:
3611:
3543:
3430:
3388:
3187:
3008:
2983:
2666:
2484:
2423:
2281:
2258:
2112:
2050:
1948:
1933:
1738:
1613:
1556:
1520:
1505:
1436:
1361:
1346:
1341:
1324:
1003:
914:
864:
741:
544:
350:
300:
175:
132:
49:
4477:
2889:
1061:
5808:
5398:
5351:
5346:
5202:
5167:
5142:
5137:
4888:
4844:
4757:
4432:
4088:
4081:
3865:
3855:
3741:
3405:
3277:
2392:
was an early monk who taught about it; he is considered the third Patriarch of the Tiantai.
2196:
2169:
2142:
2013:
1958:
1888:
1878:
1743:
1356:
1329:
1196:
1013:
993:
817:
781:
483:
315:
4497:
3661:
3651:
3415:
2343:
1603:
1076:
761:
612:
5762:
5707:
5659:
5587:
5457:
5255:
5235:
5177:
5089:
4752:
4650:
4233:
4216:
4201:
4179:
3731:
3601:
3435:
2919:
2792:
2367:
2038:
1953:
1753:
1663:
1608:
1301:
1236:
794:
776:
652:
632:
478:
4507:
4221:
3468:
3331:
1096:
285:
230:
2704:
5717:
5420:
5270:
5052:
4632:
4612:
4532:
4211:
4145:
4120:
3982:
2590:
1898:
1828:
1783:
1723:
1641:
1366:
1281:
1038:
802:
701:
607:
602:
335:
325:
280:
210:
112:
4645:
3945:
3935:
2901:
1658:
5777:
5487:
5336:
4547:
4405:
4206:
4184:
3791:
3586:
3581:
3473:
3307:
3142:
2563:
2385:
2375:
2371:
1863:
1718:
1668:
1266:
1251:
1191:
1023:
983:
726:
667:
592:
398:
275:
122:
5532:
4437:
4315:
3671:
3666:
3075:
Seeking Enlightenment in the Last Age: "Mappō" Thought in Kamakura Buddhism: PART II
5577:
5562:
5482:
5472:
5314:
5109:
4602:
4103:
4098:
3925:
3796:
3132:
3068:
Seeking Enlightenment in the Last Age: "Mappō" Thought in Kamakura Buddhism: PART I
2389:
2192:), the second thousand years (or 500 years), which only resembles the right Dharma;
2137:
The Three Ages of Buddhism are three divisions of time following Buddha's passing:
1763:
1648:
1566:
1452:
1291:
1276:
1116:
473:
453:
345:
4360:
4345:
4305:
3242:
2827:
1106:
443:
3002:
2735:
2574:
5547:
5537:
5376:
4517:
4502:
4285:
4093:
4021:
3801:
3631:
3533:
3380:
3252:
2677:
2417:
2334:
2325:
2269:
1833:
1151:
1126:
1111:
808:
751:
706:
694:
577:
368:
340:
200:
180:
147:
142:
72:
5757:
3691:
2426:
has taught that its teaching is the most suitable for the recent Mò Fǎ period.
5492:
5450:
5326:
5132:
5057:
4671:
4655:
4617:
4597:
4512:
4492:
4467:
4375:
4310:
4290:
4036:
3967:
3838:
3721:
3626:
3576:
3508:
3234:
3224:
3197:
2873:
The Numerical Discourses of the Buddha - A Translation of the Anguttara Nikaya
2431:
2396:
2380:
2239:), the three periods are further divided into five five-hundred year periods (
1838:
1598:
1495:
1271:
1181:
1166:
1101:
1091:
1086:
963:
711:
690:
642:
587:
582:
418:
3806:
127:
5467:
5440:
4607:
4482:
4194:
4110:
3987:
3877:
3850:
3843:
3763:
3726:
3493:
3458:
3425:
3400:
3355:
2438:
2413:
2351:
1883:
1858:
1296:
1056:
1008:
746:
736:
731:
716:
662:
622:
468:
5240:
4076:
3930:
3696:
3478:
3347:
3339:
1226:
1156:
458:
240:
190:
4002:
2854:
Enlightening the Bats: Sound and Place Making in Burmese Buddhist Practice
2033:
902:
870:
838:
815:
5597:
5552:
5497:
5462:
5366:
5025:
4592:
4587:
4582:
4572:
4557:
4537:
4472:
4390:
4380:
4355:
4350:
4250:
4011:
3882:
3870:
3781:
3518:
3440:
3137:
3038:
Marra, Michele (1988). "The development of mappō thought in Japan (II)",
2445:
2347:
2315:
2265:
2257:), the fifth and last of which was prophesied to be when the Buddhism of
2195:
Latter Day of the Dharma — also known as "the Degenerate Age of Dharma" (
1893:
1873:
1868:
1748:
1444:
1246:
1216:
1211:
1201:
1161:
1141:
1066:
1018:
968:
756:
552:
448:
438:
260:
245:
215:
195:
185:
137:
3074:
3067:
3028:
Marra, Michele (1988). "The development of mappō thought in Japan (I)",
2168:
Middle Day of the Dharma — also known as the "Age of Semblance Dharma" (
2141:
Former Day of the Dharma — also known as the "Age of the Right Dharma" (
5502:
5445:
5430:
4577:
4567:
4542:
4417:
4412:
4370:
4340:
4272:
4238:
4189:
4125:
4066:
4061:
3957:
3915:
3818:
3656:
3606:
3393:
3219:
2406:
taught the building of auspicious signs or miraculous Buddhist images.
2273:
2116:
1573:
1206:
1136:
1131:
1028:
973:
672:
627:
393:
225:
220:
205:
107:
2374:
and the Lotus Sutra, but also to a lesser degree in some texts in the
2219:), which is to last for 10,000 years during which the Dharma declines.
5582:
5567:
5403:
5265:
5245:
5020:
4682:
4562:
4552:
4487:
4115:
4071:
4056:
4046:
4016:
3997:
3940:
3823:
3591:
3463:
3207:
3202:
2441:
Buddhists taught that Buddhism would decline in five thousand years.
2435:
contains a prophecy of a holy war in which a Buddhist king will win.
2363:
2277:
2204:
2177:
2150:
2132:
2102:
1588:
1583:
1578:
1541:
1241:
1176:
1146:
1081:
978:
463:
413:
408:
320:
290:
102:
82:
17:
3004:
A Raft from the Other Shore: Honen and the Way of Pure Land Buddhism
5722:
5557:
5415:
5381:
5361:
5331:
5260:
4677:
4522:
4400:
4395:
4365:
4320:
4167:
4162:
4041:
3746:
3571:
3538:
3528:
3061:
Once Upon a Future Time: Studies in a Buddhist Prophecy of Decline
2449:
1823:
1286:
1186:
1121:
597:
428:
305:
265:
255:
250:
235:
87:
77:
5592:
4385:
4051:
3548:
270:
3104:
5250:
3786:
2362:
The teaching appeared early. References to the decline of the
988:
3095:
The Buddha Speaks the Ultimate Extinction of the Dharma Sutra
3023:
History of Indian Buddhism: From the origins to the Śaka era
2902:"City of 10,000 Buddhas - A Sure Sign of the Proper Dharma"
2302:) of the people born in each respective period, as well as
2842:, Japanese Journal of Religious Studies 26 (3-4), 239-240
3050:"The 'Decline of the Dharma' in Early Chinese Buddhism"
2459:
taught that the three ages were the teaching period of
2297:
2252:
2234:
2228:
2214:
2187:
2160:
2291:
2246:
3082:
Eschatology and Messianism in Early Chinese Buddhism
2982:("Decline of the Dharma"). Macmillan Reference USA.
5693:
5608:
5523:
5221:
5123:
5006:
4703:
4631:
4458:
4331:
4271:
3906:
3772:
3712:
3557:
3449:
3379:
3233:
3178:
2875:. Translated by Bhikkhu Bodhi. 2012. p. 1805.
2463:, Gautama Buddha, and the current era of Maitreya.
2420:, where they can practice the Dharma more readily.
27:Three divisions of time following Buddha's passing
3077:, The Eastern Buddhist New Series, 18, (2), 35-64
3070:, The Eastern Buddhist New Series, 18, (1), 28-56
3021:Lamotte, Etienne; Webb-Boin Sara, trans. (1988).
2481:Fa Xiang: A Buddhist Practitioner's Encyclopedia
2354:would also live in the world to teach someone.
3116:
2285:
2240:
2058:
1413:
521:
8:
3898:Basic points unifying Theravāda and Mahāyāna
2483:. Buddha's Light Publishing. pp. 4, 5.
3025:. Louvain Paris: Peters Press, pp. 191-202
2268:adherents, particularly those who hold the
3123:
3109:
3101:
3063:, Berkeley, Calif.: Asian Humanities Press
2995:Early Forebodings of the Death of Buddhism
2870:By contrast, refer to Bhikku Bodhi :
2065:
2051:
1431:
1420:
1406:
539:
528:
514:
40:
2111:), are three divisions of time following
30:For other meanings of "Latter Days", see
5085:Banishment of Buddhist monks from Nepal
3097:, The Buddhist Text Translation Society
2539:
2527:
2515:
2471:
1443:
551:
48:
5288:List of Buddhist architecture in China
2631:(master thesis) (in Chinese (Taiwan)).
3040:Japanese Journal of Religious Studies
3030:Japanese Journal of Religious Studies
2264:The three periods are significant to
7:
3084:, Leiden: Leyden Studies in Sinology
2780:"「末法」與「淨土念佛得度」考--由道綽《安樂集》衍生的重要觀念之檢討"
34:. For other uses of Three Ages, see
2993:Chappell, David Wellington (1980).
5075:Silk Road transmission of Buddhism
1516:Decline in the Indian subcontinent
1511:Silk Road transmission of Buddhism
25:
5756:
5746:
5745:
5303:Thai temple art and architecture
5048:Huichang persecution of Buddhism
3288:Iconography in Laos and Thailand
3154:
3141:
3131:
2978:Buswell, Robert E., ed. (2004).
2564:The Earth Store (Treasury) Sutra
2032:
1451:
561:
56:
5794:Buddhist philosophical concepts
3155:
2366:over time can be found in such
5293:Japanese Buddhist architecture
5095:Sinhalese Buddhist nationalism
4175:Seven Factors of Enlightenment
3366:Places where the Buddha stayed
2941:"清代"邪教"与清朝政府- 正气网 清代"邪教"与清朝政府"
2209:
2182:
2155:
2107:
2098:
2090:
1:
5308:Tibetan Buddhist architecture
2358:Teachings of different groups
502:Glossary of Japanese Buddhism
5065:Buddhism and the Roman world
5041:Decline of Buddhism in India
5036:History of Buddhism in India
3136: Topics in
2856:. pp. 25-26 and 32-33.
1714:Buddhist Paths to liberation
32:Latter Days (disambiguation)
4263:Twenty-two vows of Ambedkar
4003:
3048:Nadeau, Randall L. (1987).
2321:Buddhist temporal cosmology
2298:
2292:
2272:in high regard, namely the
2253:
2247:
2235:
2229:
2225:Sutra of the Great Assembly
2215:
2188:
2161:
903:
871:
839:
816:
36:Three Ages (disambiguation)
5830:
5213:The unanswerable questions
2852:Dicks, Andrew (May 2015).
2313:
2130:
2115:'s death and passing into
29:
5741:
5298:Buddhist temples in Korea
3861:Chinese Esoteric Buddhism
3764:Three planes of existence
3371:Buddha in world religions
3150:
2340:Bodhisattvas of the Earth
2286:
2241:
2200:
2173:
2146:
5080:Persecution of Buddhists
4301:Four stages of awakening
3682:Three marks of existence
3268:Physical characteristics
2997:, Numen, 27 (1), 122-154
2980:Encyclopedia of Buddhism
2404:Buddhism in Central Asia
2083:Three Ages of the Dharma
4443:Ten principal disciples
3326:(aunt, adoptive mother)
3001:Hattori, Shōon (2000).
1734:Philosophical reasoning
906:Śūraṅgama Samādhi Sūtra
5153:Buddhism and democracy
4666:Tibetan Buddhist canon
4661:Chinese Buddhist canon
3893:Pre-sectarian Buddhism
3888:Early Buddhist schools
3080:Zürcher, Eric (1981).
3073:Stone, Jackie (1985).
3066:Stone, Jackie (1985).
3059:Nattier, Jan (1991).
2782:(in Chinese (Taiwan)).
2457:Chinese folk religions
2338:, specifically called
2133:Dharma § Buddhism
2079:Three Ages of Buddhism
1501:Pre-sectarian Buddhism
936:Tathāgataguhyaka Sūtra
883:Tathāgatagarbha sūtras
153:Japanese new religions
5163:Eight Consciousnesses
3273:Life of Buddha in art
2131:Further information:
1769:Aids to Enlightenment
1594:Dependent Origination
897:Mahāparinirvāṇa Sūtra
874:Saṃdhinirmocana Sūtra
818:Buddhāvataṃsaka Sūtra
803:Prajñāpāramitā sūtras
5789:Buddhist eschatology
5640:East Asian religions
5070:Buddhism in the West
4641:Early Buddhist texts
4256:Four Right Exertions
3722:Ten spiritual realms
3215:Noble Eightfold Path
2479:Tzu, Chuang (2012).
2230:Maha-Samnipata Sutra
2081:, also known as the
1739:Devotional practices
1562:Noble Eightfold Path
648:Bodhisattva Precepts
608:Transcendent Virtues
5799:History of Buddhism
5763:Religion portal
5510:Temple of the Tooth
5389:Jaya Sri Maha Bodhi
4428:Upāsaka and Upāsikā
3921:Bodhipakkhiyādhammā
3704:Two truths doctrine
3524:Mahapajapati Gotamī
3324:Mahapajapati Gotamī
2444:Some monks such as
2121:East Asian Buddhism
2095:traditional Chinese
2039:Buddhism portal
1912:Buddhism by country
1674:Sanskrit literature
1319:Regional traditions
858:Lalitavistara Sūtra
833:Mahāsaṃnipāta Sūtra
826:Mahāratnakūṭa Sūtra
722:Prajñāpāramitā Devī
638:Non-abiding Nirvana
603:Transcendent Wisdom
44:Part of a series on
5784:Buddhist cosmology
5685:Western philosophy
5283:Dzong architecture
5105:Vipassana movement
5100:Buddhist modernism
4528:Emperor Wen of Sui
4296:Pratyekabuddhayāna
4229:Threefold Training
4031:Vipassana movement
3747:Hungry Ghost realm
3567:Avidyā (Ignorance)
3514:Puṇṇa Mantānīputta
3263:Great Renunciation
3258:Eight Great Events
3140:
3007:. Jodo Shu Press.
2838:Asai Endo (1999).
2778:溫金柯 (2006-04-18).
2410:Pure Land Buddhism
2087:simplified Chinese
1526:Buddhist modernism
943:Kāraṇḍavyūha Sūtra
929:Golden Light Sutra
842:Vimalakirtinirdeśa
658:Bodhisattva stages
623:Consciousness-only
5804:Nichiren Buddhism
5771:
5770:
5409:Om mani padme hum
5115:Women in Buddhism
5031:Buddhist councils
4901:Western countries
4689:Madhyamakālaṃkāra
4450:Shaolin Monastery
4027:Samatha-vipassanā
3637:Pratītyasamutpāda
3441:Metteyya/Maitreya
3359:
3351:
3343:
3335:
3327:
3319:
3311:
3188:Four Noble Truths
3042:15 (4), 287-305.
3014:978-4-88363-329-6
2793:仏教の「末法」キリスト教の「終末」
2736:"末法时期, 净土成就"佛经出处考
2622:釋性玄 (June 2009).
2542:, pp. 15, 16
2530:, pp. 15, 16
2518:, pp. 15, 16
2490:978-1-932293-55-5
2424:Nichiren Buddhism
2282:Nichiren Buddhism
2259:Shakyamuni Buddha
2254:go no gohyaku sai
2113:Shakyamuni Buddha
2075:
2074:
1557:Four Noble Truths
1430:
1429:
915:Laṅkāvatāra Sūtra
890:Śrīmālādevī Sūtra
865:Samādhirāja Sūtra
588:Mind of Awakening
554:Mahāyāna Buddhism
538:
537:
50:Buddhism in Japan
16:(Redirected from
5821:
5814:Time in Buddhism
5761:
5760:
5749:
5748:
5588:Sacred languages
5436:Maya Devi Temple
5399:Mahabodhi Temple
5203:Secular Buddhism
5168:Engaged Buddhism
4008:
3856:Tibetan Buddhism
3807:Vietnamese Thiền
3406:Mahāsthāmaprāpta
3357:
3349:
3341:
3333:
3325:
3317:
3309:
3158:
3157:
3145:
3135:
3125:
3118:
3111:
3102:
3018:
2967:
2962:
2956:
2955:
2953:
2952:
2943:. Archived from
2937:
2931:
2930:
2928:
2927:
2918:. Archived from
2912:
2906:
2905:
2898:
2892:
2887:
2881:
2880:
2868:
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2784:
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2775:
2769:
2768:
2766:
2765:
2759:
2753:. Archived from
2752:
2748:"道綽的末法觀念與淨土門的創立"
2744:
2738:
2733:
2727:
2722:
2716:
2715:
2713:
2712:
2703:. Archived from
2697:
2691:
2686:
2680:
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2664:
2658:
2657:
2655:
2654:
2645:. Archived from
2639:
2633:
2632:
2630:
2619:
2613:
2608:
2602:
2601:
2599:
2598:
2589:. Archived from
2587:"初期大乘佛教之起源與開展20"
2583:
2577:
2572:
2566:
2561:
2555:
2549:
2543:
2537:
2531:
2525:
2519:
2513:
2507:
2501:
2495:
2494:
2476:
2461:Dīpankara Buddha
2432:Kalacakra tantra
2301:
2295:
2289:
2288:
2256:
2250:
2244:
2243:
2238:
2232:
2218:
2211:
2202:
2191:
2184:
2175:
2164:
2157:
2148:
2109:
2100:
2092:
2067:
2060:
2053:
2037:
2036:
1764:Sublime abidings
1455:
1432:
1422:
1415:
1408:
1197:Hongzhi Zhengjue
1014:Tibetan Buddhism
922:Ghanavyūha sūtra
910:
878:
851:Pure Land Sutras
846:
821:
782:Wrathful deities
565:
555:
540:
530:
523:
516:
484:Haibutsu kishaku
60:
41:
21:
5829:
5828:
5824:
5823:
5822:
5820:
5819:
5818:
5774:
5773:
5772:
5767:
5755:
5737:
5689:
5604:
5519:
5256:Ordination hall
5217:
5119:
5090:Buddhist crisis
5002:
4699:
4651:Mahayana sutras
4627:
4623:Thích Nhất Hạnh
4454:
4327:
4267:
4217:Bodhisattva vow
3902:
3768:
3708:
3667:Taṇhā (Craving)
3602:Five hindrances
3553:
3445:
3375:
3229:
3174:
3146:
3129:
3091:
3032:15 (1), 25-54.
3015:
3000:
2975:
2970:
2963:
2959:
2950:
2948:
2939:
2938:
2934:
2925:
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2798:
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2676:
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2640:
2636:
2628:
2625:佛教末法思想在中國之受容與開展
2621:
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2609:
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2596:
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2514:
2510:
2502:
2498:
2491:
2478:
2477:
2473:
2469:
2368:Mahayana sutras
2360:
2318:
2312:
2306:practitioners.
2135:
2129:
2071:
2031:
2024:
2023:
1914:
1904:
1903:
1854:
1844:
1843:
1809:
1799:
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1704:
1694:
1693:
1664:Mahayana Sutras
1644:
1634:
1633:
1574:Five Aggregates
1552:
1551:
1531:
1530:
1521:Later Buddhists
1486:
1426:
1397:
1396:
1320:
1312:
1311:
1307:Thích Nhất Hạnh
1302:14th Dalai Lama
1237:Abhayākaragupta
1052:
1044:
1043:
959:
949:
948:
797:
795:Mahayana sutras
787:
786:
697:
683:
682:
653:Bodhisattva vow
573:
553:
534:
494:
493:
479:Shinbutsu bunri
404:Shinbutsu-shūgō
364:
356:
355:
331:Murakami Senshō
311:Hasegawa Tōhaku
171:
163:
162:
68:
39:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
5827:
5825:
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5811:
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5753:
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5369:
5364:
5354:
5349:
5344:
5339:
5334:
5329:
5324:
5323:
5322:
5320:Greco-Buddhist
5312:
5311:
5310:
5305:
5300:
5295:
5290:
5285:
5280:
5275:
5274:
5273:
5271:Burmese pagoda
5263:
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5112:
5107:
5102:
5097:
5092:
5087:
5082:
5077:
5072:
5067:
5062:
5061:
5060:
5053:Greco-Buddhism
5050:
5045:
5044:
5043:
5033:
5028:
5023:
5018:
5012:
5010:
5004:
5003:
5001:
5000:
4999:
4998:
4993:
4988:
4986:United Kingdom
4983:
4978:
4973:
4968:
4963:
4958:
4953:
4948:
4943:
4938:
4933:
4931:Czech Republic
4928:
4923:
4918:
4913:
4908:
4898:
4897:
4896:
4891:
4881:
4880:
4879:
4869:
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4770:
4765:
4760:
4755:
4750:
4745:
4740:
4735:
4730:
4725:
4720:
4715:
4709:
4707:
4701:
4700:
4698:
4697:
4695:Abhidharmadīpa
4692:
4685:
4680:
4675:
4668:
4663:
4658:
4653:
4648:
4643:
4637:
4635:
4629:
4628:
4626:
4625:
4620:
4615:
4613:B. R. Ambedkar
4610:
4605:
4600:
4595:
4590:
4585:
4580:
4575:
4570:
4565:
4560:
4555:
4550:
4545:
4540:
4535:
4533:Songtsen Gampo
4530:
4525:
4520:
4515:
4510:
4505:
4500:
4495:
4490:
4485:
4480:
4475:
4470:
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4409:
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4378:
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4353:
4348:
4343:
4337:
4335:
4329:
4328:
4326:
4325:
4324:
4323:
4318:
4313:
4308:
4298:
4293:
4288:
4283:
4277:
4275:
4269:
4268:
4266:
4265:
4260:
4259:
4258:
4248:
4247:
4246:
4241:
4236:
4226:
4225:
4224:
4219:
4214:
4212:Eight precepts
4209:
4199:
4198:
4197:
4192:
4187:
4182:
4172:
4171:
4170:
4160:
4155:
4150:
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4143:
4138:
4128:
4123:
4118:
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4108:
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4106:
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4091:
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4084:
4079:
4074:
4069:
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4059:
4054:
4049:
4044:
4039:
4034:
4024:
4019:
4014:
4009:
4000:
3990:
3985:
3983:Five Strengths
3980:
3975:
3970:
3965:
3960:
3955:
3950:
3949:
3948:
3943:
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3933:
3923:
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3679:
3674:
3669:
3664:
3659:
3654:
3649:
3644:
3639:
3634:
3629:
3624:
3622:Mental factors
3619:
3614:
3609:
3604:
3599:
3594:
3589:
3584:
3579:
3574:
3569:
3563:
3561:
3555:
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3531:
3526:
3521:
3516:
3511:
3506:
3501:
3496:
3491:
3486:
3481:
3476:
3474:Mahamoggallāna
3471:
3466:
3461:
3455:
3453:
3447:
3446:
3444:
3443:
3438:
3433:
3428:
3423:
3418:
3413:
3408:
3403:
3398:
3397:
3396:
3389:Avalokiteśvara
3385:
3383:
3377:
3376:
3374:
3373:
3368:
3363:
3362:
3361:
3353:
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3148:
3147:
3130:
3128:
3127:
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3113:
3105:
3099:
3098:
3090:
3089:External links
3087:
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2739:
2728:
2725:刘萨诃与凉州瑞像信仰的末法观
2717:
2692:
2681:
2678:敦煌所见于阗牛头山圣迹及瑞像
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2330:Viśiṣṭacāritra
2314:Main article:
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1829:Pratyekabuddha
1826:
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1784:Buddhist chant
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1374:
1369:
1364:
1359:
1354:
1349:
1344:
1339:
1334:
1333:
1332:
1321:
1318:
1317:
1314:
1313:
1310:
1309:
1304:
1299:
1294:
1289:
1284:
1279:
1274:
1269:
1264:
1262:Rangjung Dorje
1259:
1254:
1249:
1244:
1239:
1234:
1232:Ratnākaraśānti
1229:
1224:
1222:Śaṅkaranandana
1219:
1214:
1209:
1204:
1199:
1194:
1189:
1184:
1179:
1174:
1172:Shāntarakshita
1169:
1164:
1159:
1154:
1149:
1144:
1139:
1134:
1129:
1124:
1119:
1114:
1109:
1104:
1099:
1094:
1089:
1084:
1079:
1074:
1069:
1064:
1059:
1053:
1050:
1049:
1046:
1045:
1042:
1041:
1039:Chung Tai Shan
1036:
1031:
1026:
1021:
1016:
1011:
1006:
1001:
996:
991:
986:
981:
976:
971:
966:
960:
955:
954:
951:
950:
947:
946:
939:
932:
925:
918:
911:
900:
893:
886:
879:
868:
861:
854:
847:
836:
829:
822:
813:
806:
798:
793:
792:
789:
788:
785:
784:
779:
774:
769:
764:
759:
754:
749:
744:
742:Avalokiteśvara
739:
734:
729:
724:
719:
714:
709:
704:
698:
689:
688:
685:
684:
681:
680:
678:Three Turnings
675:
670:
665:
660:
655:
650:
645:
640:
635:
633:Three vehicles
630:
625:
620:
615:
610:
605:
600:
598:Skillful Means
595:
590:
585:
580:
574:
571:
570:
567:
566:
558:
557:
549:
548:
536:
535:
533:
532:
525:
518:
510:
507:
506:
505:
504:
496:
495:
492:
491:
486:
481:
476:
471:
466:
461:
456:
451:
446:
441:
436:
431:
426:
421:
416:
411:
406:
401:
396:
391:
386:
381:
376:
371:
365:
362:
361:
358:
357:
354:
353:
351:Suzuki Shunryū
348:
343:
338:
336:Nishida Kitarō
333:
328:
323:
318:
313:
308:
303:
298:
293:
288:
283:
278:
273:
268:
263:
258:
253:
248:
243:
238:
233:
228:
223:
218:
213:
208:
203:
198:
193:
188:
183:
178:
172:
169:
168:
165:
164:
161:
160:
155:
150:
145:
140:
135:
130:
125:
120:
115:
110:
105:
100:
95:
90:
85:
80:
75:
69:
66:
65:
62:
61:
53:
52:
46:
45:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5826:
5815:
5812:
5810:
5807:
5805:
5802:
5800:
5797:
5795:
5792:
5790:
5787:
5785:
5782:
5781:
5779:
5764:
5759:
5754:
5752:
5744:
5743:
5740:
5734:
5731:
5729:
5726:
5724:
5721:
5719:
5716:
5714:
5711:
5709:
5706:
5704:
5701:
5700:
5698:
5696:
5692:
5686:
5683:
5681:
5678:
5676:
5673:
5671:
5668:
5666:
5663:
5661:
5658:
5656:
5653:
5651:
5648:
5646:
5643:
5641:
5638:
5634:
5631:
5629:
5626:
5625:
5624:
5621:
5619:
5616:
5615:
5613:
5611:
5607:
5599:
5596:
5594:
5591:
5590:
5589:
5586:
5584:
5581:
5579:
5576:
5574:
5571:
5569:
5566:
5564:
5561:
5559:
5556:
5554:
5551:
5549:
5546:
5544:
5541:
5539:
5536:
5534:
5531:
5530:
5528:
5526:
5525:Miscellaneous
5522:
5516:
5515:Vegetarianism
5513:
5511:
5508:
5504:
5501:
5499:
5496:
5494:
5491:
5489:
5486:
5484:
5481:
5480:
5479:
5476:
5474:
5471:
5469:
5466:
5464:
5461:
5459:
5456:
5452:
5449:
5447:
5444:
5442:
5439:
5437:
5434:
5432:
5429:
5428:
5427:
5424:
5422:
5419:
5417:
5414:
5410:
5407:
5406:
5405:
5402:
5400:
5397:
5395:
5392:
5390:
5387:
5383:
5380:
5378:
5375:
5373:
5370:
5368:
5365:
5363:
5360:
5359:
5358:
5355:
5353:
5350:
5348:
5345:
5343:
5340:
5338:
5337:Buddha in art
5335:
5333:
5330:
5328:
5325:
5321:
5318:
5317:
5316:
5313:
5309:
5306:
5304:
5301:
5299:
5296:
5294:
5291:
5289:
5286:
5284:
5281:
5279:
5276:
5272:
5269:
5268:
5267:
5264:
5262:
5259:
5257:
5254:
5252:
5249:
5247:
5244:
5242:
5239:
5237:
5234:
5233:
5232:
5229:
5228:
5226:
5224:
5220:
5214:
5211:
5209:
5206:
5204:
5201:
5199:
5196:
5194:
5191:
5189:
5186:
5184:
5181:
5179:
5176:
5174:
5171:
5169:
5166:
5164:
5161:
5159:
5156:
5154:
5151:
5149:
5146:
5144:
5141:
5139:
5136:
5134:
5131:
5130:
5128:
5126:
5122:
5116:
5113:
5111:
5108:
5106:
5103:
5101:
5098:
5096:
5093:
5091:
5088:
5086:
5083:
5081:
5078:
5076:
5073:
5071:
5068:
5066:
5063:
5059:
5056:
5055:
5054:
5051:
5049:
5046:
5042:
5039:
5038:
5037:
5034:
5032:
5029:
5027:
5024:
5022:
5019:
5017:
5014:
5013:
5011:
5009:
5005:
4997:
4994:
4992:
4991:United States
4989:
4987:
4984:
4982:
4979:
4977:
4974:
4972:
4969:
4967:
4964:
4962:
4959:
4957:
4954:
4952:
4949:
4947:
4944:
4942:
4939:
4937:
4934:
4932:
4929:
4927:
4924:
4922:
4919:
4917:
4914:
4912:
4909:
4907:
4904:
4903:
4902:
4899:
4895:
4892:
4890:
4887:
4886:
4885:
4882:
4878:
4875:
4874:
4873:
4870:
4866:
4863:
4861:
4858:
4857:
4856:
4853:
4851:
4848:
4846:
4843:
4841:
4838:
4836:
4833:
4831:
4828:
4826:
4823:
4818:
4814:
4811:
4809:
4806:
4804:
4801:
4800:
4799:
4796:
4794:
4791:
4789:
4786:
4784:
4781:
4779:
4776:
4774:
4771:
4769:
4766:
4764:
4761:
4759:
4756:
4754:
4751:
4749:
4746:
4744:
4741:
4739:
4736:
4734:
4731:
4729:
4726:
4724:
4721:
4719:
4716:
4714:
4711:
4710:
4708:
4706:
4702:
4696:
4693:
4691:
4690:
4686:
4684:
4681:
4679:
4676:
4674:
4673:
4669:
4667:
4664:
4662:
4659:
4657:
4654:
4652:
4649:
4647:
4644:
4642:
4639:
4638:
4636:
4634:
4630:
4624:
4621:
4619:
4616:
4614:
4611:
4609:
4606:
4604:
4601:
4599:
4596:
4594:
4591:
4589:
4586:
4584:
4581:
4579:
4576:
4574:
4571:
4569:
4566:
4564:
4561:
4559:
4556:
4554:
4551:
4549:
4548:Padmasambhava
4546:
4544:
4541:
4539:
4536:
4534:
4531:
4529:
4526:
4524:
4521:
4519:
4516:
4514:
4511:
4509:
4506:
4504:
4501:
4499:
4496:
4494:
4491:
4489:
4486:
4484:
4481:
4479:
4476:
4474:
4471:
4469:
4466:
4465:
4463:
4461:
4460:Major figures
4457:
4451:
4448:
4444:
4441:
4440:
4439:
4436:
4434:
4431:
4429:
4426:
4424:
4421:
4419:
4416:
4414:
4411:
4407:
4406:Western tulku
4404:
4403:
4402:
4399:
4397:
4394:
4392:
4389:
4387:
4384:
4382:
4379:
4377:
4374:
4372:
4369:
4367:
4364:
4362:
4359:
4357:
4354:
4352:
4349:
4347:
4344:
4342:
4339:
4338:
4336:
4334:
4330:
4322:
4319:
4317:
4314:
4312:
4309:
4307:
4304:
4303:
4302:
4299:
4297:
4294:
4292:
4289:
4287:
4284:
4282:
4279:
4278:
4276:
4274:
4270:
4264:
4261:
4257:
4254:
4253:
4252:
4249:
4245:
4242:
4240:
4237:
4235:
4232:
4231:
4230:
4227:
4223:
4220:
4218:
4215:
4213:
4210:
4208:
4207:Five precepts
4205:
4204:
4203:
4200:
4196:
4193:
4191:
4188:
4186:
4185:Dhamma vicaya
4183:
4181:
4178:
4177:
4176:
4173:
4169:
4166:
4165:
4164:
4161:
4159:
4156:
4154:
4151:
4147:
4144:
4142:
4139:
4137:
4134:
4133:
4132:
4129:
4127:
4124:
4122:
4119:
4117:
4114:
4112:
4109:
4105:
4102:
4100:
4097:
4096:
4095:
4092:
4090:
4087:
4083:
4080:
4078:
4075:
4073:
4070:
4068:
4065:
4063:
4060:
4058:
4055:
4053:
4050:
4048:
4045:
4043:
4040:
4038:
4035:
4032:
4028:
4025:
4023:
4020:
4018:
4015:
4013:
4010:
4007:
4006:
4001:
3999:
3996:
3995:
3994:
3991:
3989:
3986:
3984:
3981:
3979:
3976:
3974:
3971:
3969:
3966:
3964:
3961:
3959:
3956:
3954:
3953:Buddhābhiṣeka
3951:
3947:
3944:
3942:
3939:
3937:
3934:
3932:
3929:
3928:
3927:
3924:
3922:
3919:
3917:
3914:
3913:
3911:
3909:
3905:
3899:
3896:
3894:
3891:
3889:
3886:
3884:
3881:
3879:
3876:
3872:
3869:
3867:
3864:
3862:
3859:
3857:
3854:
3853:
3852:
3849:
3845:
3842:
3840:
3837:
3835:
3832:
3830:
3827:
3825:
3822:
3820:
3817:
3815:
3812:
3808:
3805:
3803:
3800:
3798:
3795:
3793:
3790:
3789:
3788:
3785:
3784:
3783:
3780:
3779:
3777:
3775:
3771:
3765:
3762:
3758:
3755:
3753:
3750:
3748:
3745:
3743:
3740:
3738:
3735:
3733:
3730:
3729:
3728:
3725:
3723:
3720:
3719:
3717:
3715:
3711:
3705:
3702:
3698:
3695:
3693:
3690:
3688:
3685:
3684:
3683:
3680:
3678:
3675:
3673:
3670:
3668:
3665:
3663:
3660:
3658:
3655:
3653:
3650:
3648:
3645:
3643:
3640:
3638:
3635:
3633:
3630:
3628:
3625:
3623:
3620:
3618:
3615:
3613:
3610:
3608:
3605:
3603:
3600:
3598:
3597:Enlightenment
3595:
3593:
3590:
3588:
3587:Dhamma theory
3585:
3583:
3582:Buddha-nature
3580:
3578:
3575:
3573:
3570:
3568:
3565:
3564:
3562:
3560:
3556:
3550:
3547:
3545:
3542:
3540:
3537:
3535:
3532:
3530:
3527:
3525:
3522:
3520:
3517:
3515:
3512:
3510:
3507:
3505:
3502:
3500:
3497:
3495:
3492:
3490:
3487:
3485:
3482:
3480:
3477:
3475:
3472:
3470:
3467:
3465:
3462:
3460:
3457:
3456:
3454:
3452:
3448:
3442:
3439:
3437:
3434:
3432:
3429:
3427:
3424:
3422:
3421:Samantabhadra
3419:
3417:
3414:
3412:
3409:
3407:
3404:
3402:
3399:
3395:
3392:
3391:
3390:
3387:
3386:
3384:
3382:
3378:
3372:
3369:
3367:
3364:
3360:
3354:
3352:
3346:
3344:
3338:
3336:
3330:
3328:
3322:
3320:
3314:
3312:
3306:
3305:
3304:
3301:
3299:
3296:
3294:
3291:
3289:
3286:
3284:
3281:
3279:
3276:
3274:
3271:
3269:
3266:
3264:
3261:
3259:
3256:
3254:
3251:
3249:
3246:
3244:
3241:
3240:
3238:
3236:
3232:
3226:
3223:
3221:
3218:
3216:
3213:
3209:
3206:
3204:
3201:
3199:
3196:
3195:
3194:
3191:
3189:
3186:
3185:
3183:
3181:
3177:
3171:
3168:
3166:
3163:
3161:
3153:
3152:
3149:
3144:
3139:
3134:
3126:
3121:
3119:
3114:
3112:
3107:
3106:
3103:
3096:
3093:
3092:
3088:
3083:
3079:
3076:
3072:
3069:
3065:
3062:
3058:
3055:
3051:
3047:
3045:
3041:
3037:
3035:
3031:
3027:
3024:
3020:
3016:
3010:
3006:
3005:
2999:
2996:
2992:
2990:. pp. 210-213
2989:
2988:0-02-865718-7
2985:
2981:
2977:
2976:
2972:
2966:
2961:
2958:
2947:on 2008-10-13
2946:
2942:
2936:
2933:
2922:on 2011-07-25
2921:
2917:
2911:
2908:
2903:
2897:
2894:
2891:
2886:
2883:
2879:
2874:
2867:
2864:
2860:
2855:
2848:
2845:
2841:
2835:
2832:
2829:
2824:
2821:
2818:
2812:
2809:
2806:
2800:
2797:
2794:
2789:
2786:
2781:
2774:
2771:
2760:on 2009-10-15
2756:
2749:
2743:
2740:
2737:
2732:
2729:
2726:
2721:
2718:
2707:on 2012-05-10
2706:
2702:
2696:
2693:
2690:
2685:
2682:
2679:
2674:
2671:
2668:
2663:
2660:
2649:on 2016-05-13
2648:
2644:
2638:
2635:
2627:
2626:
2618:
2615:
2612:
2607:
2604:
2593:on 2012-03-13
2592:
2588:
2582:
2579:
2576:
2571:
2568:
2565:
2560:
2557:
2554:
2548:
2545:
2541:
2536:
2533:
2529:
2524:
2521:
2517:
2512:
2509:
2506:
2500:
2497:
2492:
2486:
2482:
2475:
2472:
2466:
2464:
2462:
2458:
2453:
2451:
2447:
2442:
2440:
2436:
2434:
2433:
2427:
2425:
2421:
2419:
2415:
2411:
2407:
2405:
2400:
2398:
2393:
2391:
2387:
2386:Vinaya Pitaka
2383:
2382:
2377:
2373:
2372:Diamond Sutra
2369:
2365:
2357:
2355:
2353:
2349:
2345:
2341:
2337:
2336:
2331:
2327:
2322:
2317:
2309:
2307:
2305:
2300:
2294:
2283:
2279:
2275:
2271:
2267:
2262:
2260:
2255:
2249:
2248:wǔ wǔ bǎi sùi
2237:
2231:
2226:
2217:
2212:
2206:
2198:
2194:
2190:
2185:
2179:
2171:
2167:
2163:
2158:
2152:
2144:
2140:
2139:
2138:
2134:
2126:
2124:
2122:
2118:
2114:
2110:
2104:
2096:
2088:
2084:
2080:
2068:
2063:
2061:
2056:
2054:
2049:
2048:
2046:
2045:
2040:
2035:
2030:
2029:
2028:
2027:
2020:
2017:
2015:
2012:
2010:
2007:
2005:
2002:
2000:
1997:
1995:
1992:
1990:
1987:
1985:
1982:
1980:
1977:
1975:
1972:
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1967:
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1795:
1794:Vegetarianism
1792:
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1749:Recollections
1747:
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1737:
1735:
1732:
1730:
1727:
1725:
1722:
1720:
1719:Five precepts
1717:
1715:
1712:
1710:
1707:
1706:
1703:
1698:
1697:
1690:
1687:
1685:
1684:Chinese canon
1682:
1680:
1679:Tibetan canon
1677:
1675:
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1667:
1665:
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1252:Sakya Pandita
1250:
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1198:
1195:
1193:
1192:Dahui Zonggao
1190:
1188:
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1055:
1054:
1048:
1047:
1040:
1037:
1035:
1032:
1030:
1027:
1025:
1024:Fo Guang Shan
1022:
1020:
1017:
1015:
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1010:
1007:
1005:
1002:
1000:
997:
995:
992:
990:
987:
985:
982:
980:
977:
975:
972:
970:
967:
965:
962:
961:
958:
957:Major schools
953:
952:
945:
944:
940:
938:
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933:
931:
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926:
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923:
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837:
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830:
828:
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807:
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804:
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790:
783:
780:
778:
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773:
772:Samantabhadra
770:
768:
765:
763:
760:
758:
755:
753:
750:
748:
745:
743:
740:
738:
735:
733:
730:
728:
727:Bhaiṣajyaguru
725:
723:
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718:
715:
713:
710:
708:
705:
703:
700:
699:
696:
692:
687:
686:
679:
676:
674:
671:
669:
668:Luminous mind
666:
664:
661:
659:
656:
654:
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649:
646:
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641:
639:
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634:
631:
629:
626:
624:
621:
619:
616:
614:
611:
609:
606:
604:
601:
599:
596:
594:
593:Buddha-nature
591:
589:
586:
584:
581:
579:
576:
575:
569:
568:
564:
560:
559:
556:
550:
546:
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541:
531:
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524:
519:
517:
512:
511:
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489:Gozan Bungaku
487:
485:
482:
480:
477:
475:
472:
470:
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460:
457:
455:
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432:
430:
427:
425:
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420:
417:
415:
412:
410:
407:
405:
402:
400:
399:Honji suijaku
397:
395:
392:
390:
387:
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382:
380:
377:
375:
372:
370:
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366:
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309:
307:
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299:
297:
294:
292:
289:
287:
284:
282:
279:
277:
276:Issan Ichinei
274:
272:
269:
267:
264:
262:
259:
257:
254:
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249:
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239:
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199:
197:
194:
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189:
187:
184:
182:
179:
177:
174:
173:
167:
166:
159:
158:Zen in the US
156:
154:
151:
149:
146:
144:
141:
139:
136:
134:
131:
129:
126:
124:
121:
119:
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109:
106:
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76:
74:
71:
70:
64:
63:
59:
55:
54:
51:
47:
43:
42:
37:
33:
19:
5703:Bodhisattvas
5623:Christianity
5618:Baháʼí Faith
5483:Dharmachakra
5473:Prayer wheel
5463:Prayer beads
5231:Architecture
5110:969 Movement
4894:Saudi Arabia
4872:Central Asia
4865:South Africa
4687:
4670:
4603:Panchen Lama
4508:Buddhapālita
4104:Satipatthana
4099:Mindful Yoga
4012:Recollection
3926:Brahmavihara
3797:Japanese Zen
3792:Chinese Chan
3752:Animal realm
3559:Key concepts
3381:Bodhisattvas
3193:Three Jewels
3081:
3060:
3054:Asian Review
3053:
3039:
3029:
3022:
3003:
2994:
2979:
2973:Bibliography
2960:
2949:. Retrieved
2945:the original
2935:
2924:. Retrieved
2920:the original
2910:
2896:
2885:
2876:
2872:
2866:
2857:
2853:
2847:
2834:
2823:
2811:
2799:
2788:
2773:
2762:. Retrieved
2755:the original
2742:
2731:
2720:
2709:. Retrieved
2705:the original
2695:
2689:釋迦牟尼如來像法滅盡之記
2684:
2673:
2662:
2651:. Retrieved
2647:the original
2637:
2624:
2617:
2606:
2595:. Retrieved
2591:the original
2581:
2570:
2559:
2547:
2540:Hattori 2000
2535:
2528:Hattori 2000
2523:
2516:Hattori 2000
2511:
2499:
2480:
2474:
2454:
2443:
2437:
2430:
2428:
2422:
2408:
2401:
2394:
2390:Nanyue Huisi
2379:
2378:such as the
2361:
2335:bodhisattvas
2333:
2319:
2296:; Japanese:
2263:
2251:; Japanese:
2233:; Japanese:
2222:
2213:; Japanese:
2208:
2186:; Japanese:
2181:
2159:; Japanese:
2154:
2136:
2106:
2082:
2078:
2076:
1744:Merit making
1709:Three Jewels
1649:Buddhavacana
1579:Impermanence
1567:Dharma wheel
1292:D. T. Suzuki
1097:Buddhapālita
941:
934:
927:
920:
913:
904:
895:
888:
881:
873:
863:
856:
849:
840:
831:
824:
809:
801:
695:Bodhisattvas
628:Three bodies
474:Danka system
384:Architecture
346:D. T. Suzuki
286:Sen no Rikyū
118:Jōdo Shinshū
5548:Dharma talk
5377:Asalha Puja
5173:Eschatology
4976:Switzerland
4956:New Zealand
4884:Middle East
4793:Philippines
4713:Afghanistan
4518:Bodhidharma
4503:Buddhaghosa
4423:Householder
4333:Monasticism
4286:Bodhisattva
4141:Prostration
4094:Mindfulness
4022:Anapanasati
4005:Kammaṭṭhāna
3802:Korean Seon
3742:Asura realm
3737:Human realm
3677:Ten Fetters
3632:Parinirvana
3534:Uppalavanna
3499:Mahākaccana
3484:Mahākassapa
3416:Kṣitigarbha
3411:Ākāśagarbha
3308:Suddhodāna
3253:Four sights
3180:Foundations
2828:日莲心目中的《法华经》
2344:Kṣitigarbha
2326:Lotus Sutra
2290:, Chinese:
2270:Lotus Sutra
2245:, Chinese:
2236:Daijuku-kyō
2227:(Sanskrit:
1979:New Zealand
1834:Bodhisattva
1819:Four Stages
1774:Monasticism
1754:Mindfulness
1724:Perfections
1654:Early Texts
1330:Han Chinese
1152:Amoghavajra
1127:Bodhidharma
1117:Candrakīrti
1112:Dharmakīrti
1107:Bhāvaviveka
1062:Ashvaghosha
1051:Key figures
810:Lotus Sūtra
767:Ākāśagarbha
762:Kṣitigarbha
752:Vajrasattva
643:One Vehicle
578:Bodhisattva
369:Nihon Shoki
326:Inoue Enryō
301:Takuan Sōhō
296:Sesshū Tōyō
281:Musō Soseki
211:En no Gyōja
181:Tori Busshi
170:Key figures
5778:Categories
5665:Psychology
5645:Gnosticism
5633:Comparison
5628:Influences
5610:Comparison
5493:Bhavacakra
5451:Kushinagar
5426:Pilgrimage
5372:Māgha Pūjā
5327:Bodhi Tree
5143:Buddhology
5133:Abhidharma
5125:Philosophy
5058:Menander I
4926:Costa Rica
4877:Uzbekistan
4718:Bangladesh
4672:Dhammapada
4656:Pali Canon
4618:Ajahn Chah
4598:Dalai Lama
4498:Kumārajīva
4493:Vasubandhu
4468:The Buddha
4376:Zen master
4311:Sakadagami
4291:Buddhahood
4222:Pratimokṣa
4037:Shikantaza
3993:Meditation
3968:Deity yoga
3839:Madhyamaka
3732:Deva realm
3627:Mindstream
3577:Bodhicitta
3489:Aṅgulimāla
3356:Devadatta
3332:Yaśodharā
3235:The Buddha
3225:Middle Way
2951:2010-01-31
2926:2010-01-31
2916:"清代教门惑众手法"
2890:佛教末法观的现代意义
2764:2012-10-17
2711:2012-10-17
2667:再論三階教的歷史定位
2653:2019-04-25
2643:"佛教末法觀之我思"
2597:2012-10-17
2467:References
2397:Sanjiejiao
2381:Cullavagga
2376:Pāli Canon
2350:. Teacher
2127:Three Ages
1852:Traditions
1789:Pilgrimage
1729:Meditation
1689:Post-canon
1669:Pāli Canon
1599:Middle Way
1496:The Buddha
1272:Longchenpa
1267:Tsongkhapa
1182:Mazu Daoyi
1167:Shāntideva
1092:Sthiramati
1087:Vasubandhu
1077:Kumārajīva
1034:Fa Gu Shan
964:Mādhyamaka
712:Adi-Buddha
702:Shakyamuni
663:Pure Lands
618:Two truths
583:Buddhahood
424:Zen garden
419:Death poem
363:Key topics
341:Shaku Sōen
5733:Festivals
5713:Buddhists
5675:Theosophy
5478:Symbolism
5468:Hama yumi
5441:Bodh Gaya
5208:Socialism
5183:Evolution
5158:Economics
4996:Venezuela
4911:Australia
4906:Argentina
4830:Sri Lanka
4825:Singapore
4743:Indonesia
4705:Countries
4646:Tripiṭaka
4608:Ajahn Mun
4483:Nagarjuna
4478:Aśvaghoṣa
4361:Anagārika
4356:Śrāmaṇerī
4351:Śrāmaṇera
4346:Bhikkhunī
4306:Sotāpanna
4195:Passaddhi
4136:Offerings
4111:Nekkhamma
3988:Iddhipada
3908:Practices
3878:Theravada
3851:Vajrayana
3844:Yogachara
3814:Pure Land
3727:Six Paths
3714:Cosmology
3494:Anuruddha
3469:Sāriputta
3459:Kaundinya
3451:Disciples
3426:Vajrapāṇi
3278:Footprint
3243:Tathāgata
2965:了道金船 三佛通书
2439:Theravada
2414:pure land
2352:Shavaripa
2304:pure land
1999:Sri Lanka
1989:Singapore
1944:Indonesia
1884:Vajrayāna
1859:Theravāda
1814:Awakening
1702:Practices
1659:Tripiṭaka
1629:Cosmology
1604:Emptiness
1584:Suffering
1387:Indonesia
1297:Sheng-yen
1072:Lokakṣema
1057:Nāgārjuna
1009:Vajrayāna
999:Pure Land
747:Vajrapāṇi
732:Vairocana
717:Akshobhya
613:Emptiness
572:Teachings
469:Senjafuda
444:Ikkō-ikki
5751:Category
5680:Violence
5650:Hinduism
5598:Sanskrit
5553:Hinayana
5538:Amitābha
5498:Swastika
5367:Uposatha
5357:Holidays
5342:Calendar
5188:Humanism
5026:Kanishka
5016:Timeline
4840:Thailand
4808:Kalmykia
4803:Buryatia
4788:Pakistan
4773:Mongolia
4768:Maldives
4763:Malaysia
4728:Cambodia
4593:Shamarpa
4588:Nichiren
4538:Xuanzang
4473:Nagasena
4391:Rinpoche
4121:Pāramitā
3963:Devotion
3883:Navayana
3871:Dzogchen
3834:Nichiren
3782:Mahayana
3774:Branches
3652:Saṅkhāra
3401:Mañjuśrī
3358:(cousin)
3350:(cousin)
3318:(mother)
3310:(father)
3298:Miracles
3248:Birthday
3165:Glossary
3138:Buddhism
2701:"圣容瑞像之谜"
2611:中國末法思想探微
2418:Amitābha
2348:Maitreya
2316:Maitreya
2310:Maitreya
2266:Mahayana
2183:Xiàng Fǎ
2156:Zhèng Fǎ
2009:Thailand
1969:Mongolia
1964:Malaysia
1929:Cambodia
1894:Navayana
1874:Hinayana
1869:Mahāyāna
1779:Lay life
1609:Morality
1589:Not-self
1547:Concepts
1506:Councils
1491:Timeline
1463:Glossary
1445:Buddhism
1437:a series
1435:Part of
1382:Malaysia
1377:Mongolia
1217:Nichiren
1142:Xuanzang
1067:Āryadeva
1019:Dzogchen
1004:Nichiren
969:Yogācāra
757:Maitreya
737:Mañjuśrī
707:Amitabha
545:a series
543:Part of
449:Butsudan
414:Nenbutsu
261:Nichiren
148:Shugendo
143:Fuke-shū
133:Nichiren
113:Jōdo-shū
5809:Tiantai
5728:Temples
5708:Buddhas
5670:Science
5660:Judaism
5655:Jainism
5573:Lineage
5533:Abhijñā
5503:Thangka
5446:Sarnath
5431:Lumbini
5352:Funeral
5347:Cuisine
5223:Culture
5198:Reality
5148:Creator
5138:Atomism
5008:History
4981:Ukraine
4941:Germany
4860:Senegal
4850:Vietnam
4778:Myanmar
4578:Shinran
4568:Karmapa
4543:Shandao
4513:Dignāga
4438:Śrāvaka
4418:Donchee
4413:Kappiya
4371:Sayadaw
4341:Bhikkhu
4316:Anāgāmi
4273:Nirvana
4239:Samadhi
4126:Paritta
4067:Tonglen
4062:Mandala
4017:Smarana
3998:Mantras
3946:Upekkha
3916:Bhavana
3866:Shingon
3819:Tiantai
3672:Tathātā
3662:Śūnyatā
3657:Skandha
3647:Saṃsāra
3642:Rebirth
3617:Kleshas
3607:Indriya
3509:Subhūti
3394:Guanyin
3348:Ānanda
3340:Rāhula
3220:Nirvana
3160:Outline
2384:of the
2370:as the
2274:Tiantai
2223:In the
2197:Chinese
2170:Chinese
2143:Chinese
2117:Nirvana
2108:Sān Shí
2019:Vietnam
1974:Myanmar
1889:Tibetan
1879:Chinese
1807:Nirvāṇa
1624:Saṃsāra
1619:Rebirth
1484:History
1473:Outline
1357:Tibetan
1352:Vietnam
1282:Hanshan
1257:Dolpopa
1207:Shinran
1137:Shandao
1132:Huineng
1102:Dignāga
1029:Tzu Chi
994:Shingon
974:Tiantai
691:Buddhas
673:Dharani
434:Daimoku
394:Hongaku
389:Temples
379:Deities
316:Sakuden
226:Shinran
176:Shōtoku
108:Shingon
73:Jōjitsu
67:Schools
5723:Sutras
5718:Suttas
5583:Siddhi
5568:Koliya
5543:Brahmā
5458:Poetry
5404:Mantra
5394:Kasaya
5266:Pagoda
5246:Kyaung
5241:Vihāra
5236:Temple
5178:Ethics
5021:Ashoka
4971:Sweden
4966:Poland
4961:Norway
4951:Mexico
4936:France
4921:Canada
4916:Brazil
4855:Africa
4835:Taiwan
4798:Russia
4723:Bhutan
4683:Vinaya
4563:Naropa
4553:Saraha
4488:Asanga
4244:Prajñā
4153:Refuge
4116:Nianfo
4077:Tertön
4072:Tantra
4057:Ganana
4047:Tukdam
3973:Dhyāna
3941:Mudita
3936:Karuṇā
3829:Risshū
3824:Huayan
3757:Naraka
3697:Anattā
3692:Dukkha
3687:Anicca
3592:Dharma
3544:Channa
3479:Ānanda
3464:Assaji
3431:Skanda
3334:(wife)
3303:Family
3283:Relics
3208:Sangha
3203:Dharma
3198:Buddha
3011:
2986:
2487:
2364:Dharma
2278:Tendai
2207::
2205:pinyin
2199::
2180::
2178:pinyin
2172::
2153::
2151:pinyin
2145::
2105::
2103:pinyin
2097::
2089::
2004:Taiwan
1984:Russia
1924:Brazil
1919:Bhutan
1839:Buddha
1759:Wisdom
1542:Dharma
1372:Bhutan
1337:Taiwan
1277:Hakuin
1247:Atisha
1242:Nāropā
1227:Virūpa
1177:Wohnyo
1157:Saichō
1147:Fazang
1082:Asanga
984:Huayan
979:Tendai
464:Kanjin
459:Kaichō
409:Gongen
321:Tenkai
291:Rennyo
241:Ninshō
191:Saichō
123:Rinzai
103:Tendai
83:Sanron
5695:Lists
5563:Kalpa
5558:Iddhi
5421:Music
5416:Mudra
5382:Vassa
5362:Vesak
5332:Budai
5278:Candi
5261:Stupa
5193:Logic
4946:Italy
4845:Tibet
4783:Nepal
4753:Korea
4748:Japan
4738:India
4733:China
4678:Sutra
4633:Texts
4583:Dōgen
4573:Hōnen
4558:Atiśa
4523:Zhiyi
4433:Achar
4401:Tulku
4396:Geshe
4381:Rōshi
4366:Ajahn
4321:Arhat
4281:Bodhi
4251:Vīrya
4168:Sacca
4163:Satya
4158:Sādhu
4146:Music
4089:Merit
4082:Terma
4042:Zazen
3978:Faith
3931:Mettā
3612:Karma
3572:Bardo
3539:Asita
3529:Khema
3519:Upāli
3504:Nanda
3342:(son)
3316:Māyā
3293:Films
3170:Index
2758:(PDF)
2751:(PDF)
2629:(PDF)
2455:Some
2450:Xuyun
2446:Dōgen
2402:Late
2299:kikon
2293:jīgēn
2216:mappō
2210:Mò Fǎ
2162:shōbō
2014:Tibet
1954:Korea
1949:Japan
1939:India
1934:China
1899:Newar
1824:Arhat
1614:Karma
1468:Index
1367:Newar
1362:Nepal
1347:Korea
1342:Japan
1325:China
1287:Taixu
1212:Dōgen
1202:Hōnen
1187:Jinul
1162:Kūkai
1122:Zhiyi
439:Sōhei
429:Zazen
306:Ingen
266:Unkei
256:Ingen
251:Eisai
246:Dōgen
236:Eison
231:Jōkei
216:Hōnen
201:Jōchō
196:Kūkai
186:Rōben
138:Ōbaku
98:Kusha
93:Ritsu
88:Kegon
78:Hosso
18:Mappo
5593:Pāḷi
5578:Māra
5488:Flag
4889:Iran
4813:Tuva
4758:Laos
4386:Lama
4234:Śīla
4202:Śīla
4190:Pīti
4180:Sati
4131:Puja
4052:Koan
3958:Dāna
3549:Yasa
3436:Tārā
3009:ISBN
2984:ISBN
2485:ISBN
2448:and
2429:The
2395:The
2280:and
2276:and
2242:五五百歳
2189:zōhō
2077:The
1959:Laos
1864:Pāli
1392:West
777:Tara
693:and
454:Obon
271:Enni
221:Myōe
206:Kūya
128:Sōtō
5315:Art
5251:Wat
3787:Zen
3044:PDF
3034:PDF
2817:PDF
2805:PDF
2553:PDF
2505:PDF
2416:of
2119:in
989:Zen
374:Art
5780::
4817:ru
3052:,
2388:.
2328:,
2287:機根
2203:;
2201:末法
2176:;
2174:像法
2149:;
2147:正法
2123:.
2101:;
2099:三時
2093:;
2091:三时
1994:US
1439:on
547:on
4819:)
4815:(
4033:)
4029:(
3124:e
3117:t
3110:v
3017:.
2954:.
2929:.
2904:.
2767:.
2714:.
2656:.
2600:.
2493:.
2085:(
2066:e
2059:t
2052:v
1421:e
1414:t
1407:v
529:e
522:t
515:v
38:.
20:)
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