Knowledge (XXG)

Maraura

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257:(1835–1895) was one of the last Aboriginal people of New South Wales to persist in living according to the traditional tribal ways. He led his family into exile - it was later thought by ethnographic inquirers that he had intermarried with a woman of his own Makwarra moiety, a crime in native law punishable by death. The area he settled in was the harsh "Scotia blocks", a waterless tract of mallee land between the 271:
who was taken prisoner after the killings. He attempted to escape by diving off the cliffs into the Murray River but was later recaptured after being shot and wounded. He presented evidence to a magisterial inquiry in Adelaide concerning the Rufus River massacre before being allowed to return to his
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and fled into bushland. They and their descendants, by then grown to some 28 people, were found in the 1890s, some three decades later. Shortly afterwards, within 3 years, they were rounded up and forced to become "civilized". The outline of the story, the locale and the dates, coincide with an oral
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Nadbuck (c.1800–?) was a warrior who participated in the skirmishes with British overlanders and police around the Rufus River region during the late 1830s and early 1840s. He survived the Rufus River massacre of 1841 and later became a trusted guide for Charles Sturt in his expedition along the
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and the South Australian border. There they managed to subsist for 3 decades. His group, comprising 12 men, 8 women and 10 children, were persuaded to come back in by aboriginal trackers in 1893 who led them back to Popiltah station. They lived on in Pooncarie, preferring that to a civilized
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Though elopement, which was severely frowned on and subject to sanctions by tribal law, is not known to have been the motive, sometime around 1863 two members of the Nanya branch of the Maraura left their horde near settlement of
856: 213:("the stolen land" or "the land of thieves"). They ambushed and killed stockmen, which resulted in many if not most of the tribe are said to have been killed, during 1839–1846, by European explorers and aggressive 965: 262:
settlement. Many of his offspring died from diseases contracted from white settlers. His son Billy, who had received an education in Adelaide, is recorded to have died in custody.
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Lockhart indicated that in 1857 the Maraura frequented Lake Victoria in summer and the back plains in winter after rains had filled small waterholes.
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The Australian race: its origin, languages, customs, place of landing in Australia and the routes by which it spread itself over the continent
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sought to marry two sisters- his informants, he recorded, would draw pictures on the ground, illustrating the narrative.
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Aboriginal Tribes of Australia: Their Terrain, Environmental Controls, Distribution, Limits, and Proper Names
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Tindale recorded their legends, particularly regarding the crow and eagle, in a work published in 1939.
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In relating their tribal mythology to Tindale, -the tale in question was an account of how the hero
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history taken from the informant Pinkie Mack, in which however, the couple were members of the
1739: 1708: 1629: 1123: 1109: 929: 860: 767: 694: 684: 776: 722: 680: 147: 1732: 1687: 1653: 1534: 1522: 978: 39: 35: 765:(December 1949). "The Origin and Interpretation of Petroglyphs in South-East Australia". 598:"INQUIRY INTO THE CIRCUMSTANCES ATTENDING THE DEATH OF A NUMBER OF NATIVES ON THE MURRAY" 943: 1538: 1060: 913: 891: 780: 1839: 1604: 1542: 1214: 676: 277: 273: 202: 198: 183: 87: 629: 1466: 1438: 1319: 1193: 1025: 846: 821: 796: 237: 103: 75: 896:"Eagle and crow myths of the Maraura tribe, Lower Darling River, New South Wales" 1569: 1459: 1410: 1312: 1249: 1081: 762: 686:
A World that was: The Yaraldi of the Murray River and the Lakes, South Australia
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to their modern lands. According to an early report (1842) the South Australian
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The Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland
711:(July–December 1918). "Notes on the social organization of Australian tribes". 174:
cites this as an example corroborating a theory he advanced according to which
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function in helping to pass on to initiands the legendary lore of the elders.
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country where he had a wife and two children. He later acted as a guide for
83: 43: 1053: 606:. Vol. IV, no. 192. South Australia. 25 September 1841. p. 3 1590: 1501: 1494: 1417: 1396: 1389: 1305: 1277: 1270: 1228: 1221: 1186: 1179: 1172: 1137: 1095: 1088: 1067: 179: 788: 429:, is the general word for "man" used in all the Darling river languages. 146:
The social organization was dual, centered on the relations between two
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A Nanya group is also recorded. A. A. Radcliffe-Brown mentions also a
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Pul Kanta (c.1815–?), also known as Pulcanti, was a survivor of the
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and Ral Ral, in South Australia. Inland they extended west to the
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Indigenous Australian people of the Murray-Darling junction
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The Maraura is known to have been divided into at least 5
655: 653: 485: 483: 481: 757:. Vol. 2. Melbourne: J. Ferres. pp. 240–241. 568: 566: 514: 512: 510: 826:"Three Linguistic Studies from Far South-Western NSW" 553: 551: 1621: 1561: 1045: 1003: 985: 584: 501: 631:Narrative of an expedition into Central Australia 301:Mareawura, Mare-aura, Maroura, Marowra, Marowera 371:. (wedge-tailed eagle|eaglehawk) (also a totem) 54:The Maraura spoke the southernmost dialect of 959: 8: 966: 952: 944: 614:– via National Library of Australia. 139:sub-tribe of the Maraura, dwelling around 1760:List of Australian Aboriginal group names 623: 621: 90:as far as Popilta Lake, and upstream to 572: 557: 542: 489: 441: 415: 31:whose traditional lands are located in 901:Records of the South Australian Museum 659: 472: 460: 448: 1851:Aboriginal peoples of South Australia 1846:Aboriginal peoples of New South Wales 644: 530: 518: 7: 926:Australian National University Press 290:near Broken Hill is named after him. 365:) (mother) (The term used by males) 880:Australian Dictionary of Biography 781:10.1002/j.1834-4461.1949.tb00522.x 14: 1029:(mainly Queensland bordering NSW) 585:Berndt, Berndt & Stanton 1993 502:Berndt, Berndt & Stanton 1993 197:According to hearsay recorded by 355:(father) The term used by males) 286:Darling River. The locality of 74:along the northern bank of the 377:. (silver fish) (also a totem) 1: 683:; Stanton, John E. (1993). 306:Marraa" Warree", Marrawarra 1867: 986:Aboriginal language groups 884:Melbourne University Press 751:Curr, Edward Micklethwaite 634:. London: T & W Boone. 389:. (opossum) (also a totem) 1769: 1749: 1036:Western Bundjalung people 603:South Australian Register 383:. (a star) (also a totem) 276:in his expedition up the 209:referred to this area as 178:engravings functioned as 874:Lindsay, Robert (1986). 914:Tindale, Norman Barnett 908:(3). Adelaide: 243–261. 892:Tindale, Norman Barnett 681:Berndt, Catherine Helen 628:Sturt, Charles (1848). 259:Great Darling Anabranch 223:South Australian Police 1250:Kawambarai/Gawambaraay 1775:By state or territory 994:Yugambeh-Bandjalangic 742:Bulmer, John (1886). 677:Berndt, Ronald Murray 427:A. R. Radcliffe-Brown 225:were also involved). 1622:Aboriginal languages 852:Paakantyi Dictionary 269:Rufus River massacre 219:Rufus River massacre 876:"Nanya (1835–1895)" 744:"Marowera Language" 545:, pp. 243–261. 475:, pp. 240–241. 1788:Northern Territory 1117:Western Bundjalung 1046:Aboriginal peoples 1004:Aboriginal nations 834:Aboriginal History 809:Aboriginal History 211:Mettelittela Yerta 1833: 1832: 1823:Western Australia 1180:Gidhabal/Githabul 935:978-0-708-10741-6 866:978-0-646-15261-5 700:978-0-774-80478-3 587:, pp. 39–40. 463:, pp. 56–57. 325:Wimbaja, Wiimbaio 295:Alternative names 1858: 1825: 1818: 1811: 1804: 1797: 1790: 1783: 1776: 1762: 1755: 1742: 1735: 1728: 1721: 1714: 1712: 1704: 1697: 1690: 1683: 1676: 1674: 1673:(or Yuwaaliyaay) 1666: 1659: 1657: 1649: 1642: 1640: 1632: 1614: 1607: 1600: 1593: 1586: 1579: 1572: 1562:Aboriginal clans 1554: 1545: 1525: 1518: 1511: 1504: 1497: 1490: 1483: 1476: 1469: 1462: 1455: 1448: 1441: 1434: 1427: 1420: 1413: 1406: 1399: 1392: 1385: 1378: 1371: 1364: 1357: 1350: 1343: 1336: 1329: 1322: 1315: 1308: 1301: 1294: 1287: 1280: 1273: 1266: 1259: 1252: 1245: 1238: 1231: 1224: 1217: 1210: 1203: 1196: 1189: 1187:Gringai/Guringay 1182: 1175: 1168: 1161: 1154: 1147: 1140: 1133: 1126: 1119: 1112: 1105: 1098: 1091: 1084: 1077: 1070: 1063: 1056: 1038: 1031: 1030: 1021: 1014: 996: 968: 961: 954: 945: 939: 909: 887: 882:. Vol. 10. 870: 847:Hercus, Luise A. 842: 830: 817: 805: 792: 758: 748: 738: 704: 663: 657: 648: 642: 636: 635: 625: 616: 615: 613: 611: 594: 588: 582: 576: 570: 561: 555: 546: 540: 534: 528: 522: 516: 505: 499: 493: 487: 476: 470: 464: 458: 452: 446: 430: 420: 29:Aboriginal group 1866: 1865: 1861: 1860: 1859: 1857: 1856: 1855: 1836: 1835: 1834: 1829: 1828: 1821: 1814: 1807: 1802:South Australia 1800: 1793: 1786: 1781:New South Wales 1779: 1774: 1765: 1758: 1753: 1745: 1738: 1731: 1724: 1717: 1710: 1707: 1700: 1693: 1686: 1679: 1672: 1669: 1662: 1655: 1652: 1645: 1639:(or Bundjalung) 1638: 1635: 1628: 1617: 1610: 1603: 1596: 1589: 1582: 1575: 1568: 1557: 1550: 1528: 1521: 1514: 1507: 1500: 1493: 1486: 1479: 1472: 1465: 1458: 1451: 1444: 1437: 1430: 1423: 1416: 1409: 1402: 1395: 1388: 1381: 1374: 1367: 1360: 1353: 1346: 1339: 1332: 1325: 1318: 1311: 1304: 1297: 1290: 1283: 1276: 1269: 1262: 1255: 1248: 1241: 1234: 1227: 1220: 1213: 1206: 1199: 1192: 1185: 1178: 1171: 1164: 1157: 1150: 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291: 282: 281: 264: 263: 250: 249:Notable people 247: 194: 191: 163: 160: 133: 132: 127: 122: 117: 112: 99: 96: 78:downstream to 63: 60: 51: 48: 27:people are an 15: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 1863: 1852: 1849: 1847: 1844: 1843: 1841: 1824: 1820: 1817: 1813: 1810: 1806: 1803: 1799: 1796: 1792: 1789: 1785: 1782: 1778: 1773: 1772: 1768: 1761: 1757: 1752: 1751: 1748: 1741: 1737: 1734: 1730: 1727: 1723: 1720: 1716: 1713: 1711:(or Dharawal) 1706: 1703: 1699: 1696: 1692: 1689: 1685: 1682: 1678: 1675: 1668: 1665: 1661: 1658: 1651: 1648: 1644: 1641: 1634: 1631: 1627: 1626: 1624: 1620: 1613: 1609: 1606: 1605:Wallumettagal 1602: 1599: 1595: 1592: 1588: 1585: 1581: 1578: 1574: 1571: 1567: 1566: 1564: 1560: 1553: 1549: 1544: 1540: 1536: 1532: 1531:Wanggeriburra 1527: 1526: 1524: 1520: 1517: 1513: 1510: 1506: 1503: 1499: 1496: 1492: 1489: 1485: 1482: 1478: 1475: 1471: 1468: 1464: 1461: 1457: 1454: 1450: 1447: 1443: 1440: 1436: 1433: 1429: 1426: 1422: 1419: 1415: 1412: 1408: 1405: 1401: 1398: 1394: 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764: 760: 756: 752: 745: 740: 736: 732: 728: 724: 720: 716: 715: 710: 706: 702: 696: 692: 688: 687: 682: 678: 674: 673: 668: 661: 656: 654: 650: 646: 641: 638: 633: 632: 624: 622: 618: 605: 604: 599: 593: 590: 586: 581: 578: 574: 569: 567: 563: 559: 554: 552: 548: 544: 539: 536: 532: 527: 524: 520: 515: 513: 511: 507: 504:, p. 40. 503: 498: 495: 491: 486: 484: 482: 478: 474: 469: 466: 462: 457: 454: 451:, p. 10. 450: 445: 442: 436: 428: 424: 419: 416: 409: 404: 401: 398: 394: 391: 388: 385: 382: 379: 376: 373: 370: 367: 364: 360: 357: 354: 351: 350: 346: 341: 337: 334: 331: 328: 326: 323: 320: 316: 312: 309: 307: 304: 302: 299: 298: 294: 289: 284: 283: 279: 278:Darling River 275: 274:Charles Sturt 270: 266: 265: 260: 256: 253: 252: 248: 246: 244: 239: 235: 229: 226: 224: 220: 217:—e.g. at the 216: 212: 208: 204: 203:Darling River 200: 199:George Taplin 192: 190: 187: 185: 181: 177: 173: 169: 161: 159: 157: 153: 149: 144: 142: 141:Lake Victoria 138: 131: 128: 126: 123: 121: 118: 116: 113: 111: 108: 107: 106: 105: 97: 95: 93: 89: 88:Darling River 85: 81: 77: 73: 69: 66:According to 61: 59: 57: 49: 47: 45: 41: 37: 34: 30: 26: 22: 1467:Wirraayaraay 1439:Wangaaypuwan 1320:Nhaawuparlku 1291: 1194:Gumbaynggirr 921: 905: 899: 879: 851: 838: 832: 813: 807: 772: 766: 763:Elkin, A. P. 754: 718: 712: 709:Brown, A. R. 685: 640: 630: 608:. Retrieved 601: 592: 580: 573:Lindsay 1986 558:Tindale 1974 543:Tindale 1939 538: 526: 497: 490:Tindale 1974 468: 456: 444: 422: 418: 402: 392: 386: 380: 374: 368: 362: 358: 352: 339: 335: 329: 324: 318: 314: 310: 305: 300: 238:Murray River 230: 227: 210: 196: 188: 184:propaedeutic 167: 165: 155: 151: 145: 136: 134: 129: 124: 119: 114: 109: 101: 76:Murray River 65: 53: 24: 20: 18: 1719:Wemba Wemba 1681:Madhi Madhi 1671:Gamilaraay 1664:Dyirringany 1637:Bandjalang 1570:Cammeraygal 1460:Wemba-Wemba 1411:Yuwaalaraay 1313:Muthi Muthi 1082:Barranbinya 977:peoples in 841:(1): 45–62. 721:: 222–253. 660:Bulmer 1886 473:Bulmer 1886 461:Hercus 1984 449:Hercus 2011 405:(white man) 221:(where the 215:overlanders 172:A. P. Elkin 1840:Categories 1795:Queensland 1688:Nganywyana 1647:Darkinjung 1535:Kombumerri 1446:Wanjiwalku 1432:Wandandian 1285:Malyangapa 1257:Kula/Kurnu 1243:Karenggapa 1208:Himberrong 1166:Gandangara 1159:Gamilaraay 1145:Djiringanj 1124:Darkinyung 1110:Bundjalung 975:Aboriginal 645:Brown 1918 531:Elkin 1949 519:Brown 1918 397:Murray cod 347:Some words 130:Toopparlie 120:Moattilkoo 115:Boolkarlie 25:Marrawarra 1726:Wiradjuri 1709:Tharawal 1702:Ngunnawal 1695:Ngiyambaa 1656:(or Eora) 1584:Gorualgal 1539:Mununjali 1488:Wiradjuri 1481:Wilyakali 1383:Paaruntyi 1376:Paakantyi 1369:Ngunnawal 1362:Ngiyampaa 1327:Nari-Nari 1264:Kuringgai 1019:Kuringgai 691:UBC Press 437:Citations 236:near the 234:Wentworth 182:, with a 180:mnemonics 110:Condelkoo 84:anabranch 72:Wentworth 56:Paakantyi 44:Australia 1816:Victoria 1809:Tasmania 1754:See also 1740:Yugambeh 1630:Awabakal 1591:Jerrinja 1543:Tulgigin 1523:Yugambeh 1502:Wonnarua 1495:Wodiwodi 1418:Walbunja 1397:Tharawal 1390:Barindji 1306:Muruwari 1278:Kwiambal 1271:Kureinji 1229:Jukambal 1222:Jitajita 1173:Geawegal 1138:Djangadi 1096:Bigambul 1089:Bidjigal 1068:Awabakal 916:(1974). 894:(1939). 849:(2011). 824:(1989). 816:: 56–62. 799:(1984). 789:40328236 610:17 March 319:wimbadja 245:people. 176:rock art 154:and the 148:moieties 125:Bullalre 80:Chowilla 50:Language 33:Far West 1654:Dharug 1598:Ngambri 1577:Gadigal 1529:Clans: 1516:Yaygirr 1474:Wiyabal 1453:Weilwan 1425:Walgalu 1355:Ngarigo 1348:Ngarbal 1341:Ngambaa 1299:Milpulo 1292:Maraura 1236:Galibal 1201:Gweagal 1103:Birrbay 1061:Arakwal 857:AIATSIS 768:Oceania 753:(ed.). 735:2843422 669:Sources 423:wimbaia 403:thandoa 363:ngamara 321:(man)). 315:wimbaia 311:Waimbio 288:Nadbuck 243:Yaraldi 193:History 162:Culture 152:Kilpara 137:Yakumku 98:Society 86:of the 68:Tindale 62:Country 21:Maraura 1733:Worimi 1612:Wangal 1509:Worimi 1215:Jeithi 1075:Banbai 1054:Anēwan 932:  863:  787:  733:  697:  393:pärndu 387:pil'ta 381:pudali 359:ŋamaga 353:kambia 342:= no). 336:Ilaila 330:Beriko 207:Kaurna 150:, the 104:hordes 1404:Thaua 1334:Ngaku 1131:Darug 1026:Murri 1012:Koori 829:(PDF) 804:(PDF) 785:JSTOR 749:. In 747:(PDF) 731:JSTOR 410:Notes 375:namba 369:kanau 255:Nanya 168:Wa:ku 92:Avoca 1552:Yuin 1152:Eora 930:ISBN 861:ISBN 695:ISBN 612:2024 340:i:la 38:and 23:or 19:The 777:doi 723:doi 361:. ( 1842:: 1541:, 1537:, 1533:, 928:. 924:. 920:. 904:. 898:. 878:. 859:. 855:. 839:13 837:. 831:. 812:. 806:. 783:. 773:20 771:. 729:. 719:48 717:. 693:. 689:. 679:; 652:^ 620:^ 600:. 565:^ 550:^ 509:^ 480:^ 395:. 317:= 158:. 143:. 94:. 46:. 42:, 967:e 960:t 953:v 938:. 906:6 886:. 869:. 814:8 791:. 779:: 737:. 725:: 703:. 575:. 560:. 338:( 313:( 280:.

Index

Aboriginal group
Far West
New South Wales
South Australia
Australia
Paakantyi
Tindale
Wentworth
Murray River
Chowilla
anabranch
Darling River
Avoca
hordes
Lake Victoria
moieties
A. P. Elkin
rock art
mnemonics
propaedeutic
George Taplin
Darling River
Kaurna
overlanders
Rufus River massacre
South Australian Police
Wentworth
Murray River
Yaraldi
Nanya

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