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several hundred ancient terraced ponds. Almost all the ponds are less than four meters square in area, and none exceeds thirty centimeters in depth. All are necessarily shaped into polygons with the flow of water carefully controlled and monitored by the workers. The altitude of the ponds slowly decreases, so that the water may flow through the myriad branches of the water-supply channels and be introduced slowly through a notch in one sidewall of each pond. The proper maintenance of the adjacent feeder channel, the side walls and the water-entry notch, the pond's bottom surface, the quantity of water, and the removal of accumulated salt deposits requires close cooperation among the community of users. It is agreed among local residents and pond workers that the cooperative system was established during the time of the Incas, if not earlier. As water evaporates from the sun-warmed ponds, the water becomes
300:
43:
218:
317:
for about a month building up salt over time. Once enough salt has built up the keeper carefully scrapes the dry salt from the sides and bottom in layers. The first layer is typically pink or white and is the highest quality, it is used as kitchen (table) salt. The second layer is known as bulk salt and is a lower quality than the first layer, it is usually white. The third layer is typically brown and is used as industrial salt. Some salt is sold at a gift store nearby.
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to a family depends on the family's size. Usually there are many unused salt pools available to be farmed. Any prospective salt farmer need only locate an empty currently unmaintained pond, consult with the local informal cooperative, learn how to keep a pond properly within the accepted communal system, and start working.
320:
The salt mines traditionally have been available to any person wishing to harvest salt. The owners of the salt ponds must be members of the community, and families that are new to the community wishing to manage a salt pond get the one farthest from the community. The size of the salt pond assigned
316:
and salt precipitates as various size crystals onto the inner surfaces of a pond's earthen walls and on the pond's earthen floor. The pond's keeper then closes the water-feeder notch and allows the pond to go dry. Within a few days the water has evaporated and salt remains. This process is repeated
311:
has been obtained in Maras by evaporating salty water from a local subterranean stream. The highly salty water emerges at a spring, a natural outlet of the underground stream. The flow is directed into an intricate system of tiny channels constructed so that the water runs gradually down onto the
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The Maras area is accessible by a paved road, which leads from the main road leading through the Sacred Valley between Cuzco and the surrounding towns. Tourist sites in the area include the colonial church, the nearby
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328:, the company that owns the salt pans, announced that tourists are no longer allowed to walk around the salt ponds due to contamination.
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times. The salt-evaporation ponds are four kilometers north of the town, down a canyon that descends to the Rio
Vilcanota (as the upper
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of the Incas. There are over 5,000 salt ponds, some owned by families and others unused.
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Velarde, Teófilo
Benavente, Alejandro Martínez Frisancho.
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387:"Tourist entry to Salineras de Maras salt pans limited"
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El pintor de la colonia Don
Antonio Sinchi Rocca Inca.
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359:"Salineras de Maras: Visiting the Maras Salt Mines"
256:from the town center, which have been in use since
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493:International Salt Co. v. United States
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988:Populated places in the Cusco Region
823:List of countries by salt production
414:Cuzco, Peru: H.G. Rozas S.A., 1965.
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221:Main square of the town of Maras.
47:View of the Main Square of Maras.
960:
937:
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775:Salt and cardiovascular disease
285:, and the surrounding scenery.
340:, 17th-century Quechua painter
324:As of September 2019, MaraSal
236:, 40 kilometers north of
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171:3,300 m (10,800 ft)
65:
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487:In the American Civil War
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793:Salt Industry Commission
338:Antonio Sinchi Roca Inka
307:Since pre-Inca times,
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283:salt evaporation ponds
222:
26:San Francisco de Maras
391:www.fertur-travel.com
373:"Salt Mines of Maras"
302:
272:Location and features
220:
106:13.33556°S 72.15694°W
818:Open-pan salt making
642:Monosodium glutamate
303:Salt ponds of Maras.
111:-13.33556; -72.15694
432:National Geographic
295:Salt Mines of Maras
248:. The town, in the
102: /
16:Town in Cusco, Peru
657:Potassium chloride
509:In Chinese history
361:. 2 December 2020.
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264:is known) and the
250:eponymous district
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181: • Total
948:
947:
885:Salting the earth
880:Salt in the Bible
854:San Francisco Bay
662:Potassium nitrate
332:Notable residents
228:is a town in the
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798:Evaporation pond
572:Calcium chloride
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916:Water softening
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692:Salt substitute
667:River reed salt
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828:Salt tectonics
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770:Health effects
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422:External links
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314:supersaturated
293:Main article:
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262:Urubamba River
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499:In Middlewich
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393:. 6 June 2019
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266:Sacred Valley
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230:Sacred Valley
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87:Coordinates:
60:
44:
35:
30:
20:
901:Mineral lick
786:and industry
602:Fleur de sel
491:
431:
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395:. Retrieved
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353:
323:
319:
306:
281:, the local
275:
242:Cusco Region
225:
224:
859:In Pakistan
844:In Cheshire
803:Salt mining
765:Salted fish
687:Salammoniac
647:Moshio salt
552:Asín tibuok
428:Maras, Peru
194:Mareño, -ña
109: /
977:Categories
813:Sink works
737:Food usage
627:Kala namak
562:Black lava
514:Salt March
397:2019-09-07
289:Salt ponds
190:Demonym(s)
176:Population
97:72°09′25″W
94:13°20′08″S
993:Saltworks
906:Road salt
837:By region
808:Salt well
612:Himalayan
519:Salt road
240:, in the
200:Time zone
168:Elevation
942:Category
849:In Ghana
784:Commerce
707:Sel gris
702:Seasoned
697:Sea salt
652:Pickling
547:Alberger
254:Urubamba
157:District
150:Urubamba
145:Province
868:Culture
750:Salting
745:Brining
722:Truffle
622:Jugyeom
617:Iodised
557:Bittern
482:History
475:History
232:of the
122:Country
953:Portal
727:Túltul
712:Smoked
637:Kosher
607:Garlic
587:Cyclic
582:Curing
577:Celery
567:Butter
537:Abraum
133:Region
677:Onion
597:Flake
592:Dairy
542:Alaea
529:Types
345:Notes
238:Cusco
234:Incas
226:Maras
205:UTC-5
184:1,730
162:Maras
138:Cusco
72:Maras
23:Maras
983:Inca
967:Food
682:Rock
468:Salt
326:S.A.
309:salt
258:Inca
246:Peru
126:Peru
34:Town
926:Tax
244:of
209:PET
979::
430:,
389:.
955::
460:e
453:t
446:v
400:.
375:.
211:)
207:(
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