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The
Archbishop of Tuam's feelings on the matter were somewhat ambiguous. While he supported a training school for young women, he did not wish to encourage emigration, "There is plenty of room to spare for all our people at home, if things were well managed..." Nonetheless, as she pointed out that people would emigrate anyway, he agreed to support the plan. Archbishop McEvilly granted permission for her to establish a convent at Knock. However, the archbishop wanted her to establish a community of Poor Clares whilst she intended to found an entirely new community called the
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violate an individual's right to private property. Corrigan then temporarily suspended McGlynn from his priestly functions for a second time. Corrigan viewed Cusack's pamphlet as an attack on the authority of the church and demanded an apology. She attempted to halt its publication, but was unsuccessful. Her involvement in the New York City political campaign generated a good deal of controversy. Cusack resigned as head of her order and placed a loyal friend
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for political reasons, a claim biographer
Philomena McCarthy disproved and attributed to a disturbed mind. Cusack grew impatient with the Archbishop's failure to heed her advice and considered him an obstructionist. She left Knock in 1883 taking most of the records regarding the apparitions, as well
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After she claimed the Virgin had spoken to her, and she seemed to become difficult to deal with, problems arose with the local priest and archbishop. Cusack planned to establish a training school for young women intending to emigrate so that they would have some job skills when they reached
America.
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developed simultaneously along parallel lines. Both involved many of the same individuals and used similar methods of popularization and promotion. "The Cusack papers show how many figures from moderate nationalists to Land
Leaguers and Fenians were actively involved with Knock." Although Cusack was
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Her transfer orders were for her to return to Newry, but she moved to Mayo where she was determined to erect a convent at Knock. Cusack has been described as "a temperamental extremist", "eccentric and rebellious", "passionate and difficult, constantly at odds with her ecclesiastical superiors", who
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ordered McGlynn to refrain from politics. McGlynn not only gave an address in support of George, (which earned him a two-week suspension), but made the rounds of the polls with George on election day. He also publicly criticized a pastoral letter
Corrigan had issued condemning theories that would
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of Tuam established a second
Commission of Enquiry. As most of the documents from the early years at Knock were assumed to have been lost, the commission was forced to rely upon press reports and devotional works printed in the 1880s, which portrayed the developing cult in a positive light, and
331:
In 1995, while doing research in
Washington DC, among the papers of Margaret Anna Cusack, John J. White, came upon a large box marked 'pre-foundation papers'. "The box contained the original, unedited depositions of several of the 21 August 1879 witnesses, the original manuscript of the parish
256:), poems, Irish history and biography, founding Kenmare Publications, through which 200,000 volumes of her works were issued in less than ten years. She kept two full-time secretaries for correspondence and wrote letters on Irish causes in the Irish, United States, and Canadian press.
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A Critical
Dictionary of English Literature, and British and American Authors, Living and Deceased, from the Earliest Accounts to the Middle of the Nineteenth Century: Containing Thirty Thousand Biographies and Literary Notices, with Forty Indexes of
408:, this time regarding among other things, funding, and her public support of a suspended priest. She wrote a 176-page pamphlet entitled, "The Question of Today: Anti-Poverty and Progress, Labor and Capital". In it, she defended social reformer
522:(1872), which deals mainly with tips and suggestions relating to the profession of domestic service. Cusack shared the prevailing views at that time regarding women's capabilities both physically and intellectually. In 1874 she wrote
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The
Apparition at Knock; with the depositions of the witness examined by the Ecclesiastical Commission appointed by His Grace the Archbishop of Tuam and the conversion of a young Protestant lady by a vision of the Blessed
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priest's account of cures, depositions and statements taken from witnesses in 1880, and hundreds of other documents and letters from people seeking or claiming cures through the intercession of Our Lady of Knock.".
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gentry. Her parents were Samuel and Sara Stoney Cusack. Her father was a physician. When she was a teenager, her parents separated, and she, her mother, and brother Samuel went to live with her grand-aunt in
388:, the first foundation of the Sisters of St Joseph of Peace in the United States. She opened a hostel for Irish immigrant girls in Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey. The earnings of her most notable writings –
463:, religious orders were encouraged to review their roots and the intent of their founders. Since then there have been a number of studies on Cusack, such as Sister Philomena McCarthy's
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1199:
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Norman Vance sees Cusack as bridging the gap "...between eighteenth-century
Catholic antiquarianism and the cultural nationalism of the Literary Revival." He describes her 1877
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at Knock". Younger contemporaries of hers in the convent remembered her as "furious when disturbed and capable of making physical attacks", such as tugging off their veils.
287:. After receiving death threats upon publication of her book on the abuse of tenants on the Landsdowne and Kenmare estates in Kerry, she "effectively absconded from her
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as the funds pledged for the building of a new convent, the latter causing something of an international scandal. She left the Kenmare Poor Clares and went to England.
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I believe there are honest and honorable men in England, who would stand aghast with horror if they thoroughly understood the injustices to which Ireland has been and
526:, in which she exhorted women that their main influence was exercised as good Christian mothers. She both recognized and supported the class distinctions of her day.
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in promoting Knock as a national Marian pilgrimage site. According to John J. White, professor of history at Dayton University, the Knock pilgrimages and the
241:, a community of Franciscan nuns that taught poor girls. She took the name of Sister Francis Clare. In 1861 she was sent with a small group of nuns, led by
467:. With the rediscovery of the life and times of Margaret Anna Cusack, she has been hailed as a feminist or not, and a social reformer ahead of her times.
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to seek his support, Cusack obtained permission for a dispensation to leave the order of the Poor Clares and found a new congregation, the
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416:, which some considered to border on socialism. George was popular with labour organizers, radicals, socialists, and Irish nationalists.
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supported her convent. As of 2014 the congregation she founded had communities in Great Britain, Canada, Haiti, Ireland and the USA.
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An independent and controversial figure, Cusack was a passionate Irish nationalist, often at odds with the ecclesiastical hierarchy.
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widely seen as associated with the Land League, she herself claimed that she was not, and did not entirely approve of the movement.
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452:(published posthumously, 1910). She died on 5 June 1899, aged 70, and was buried in a Church of England-reserved burial site at
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subject. ...I believe the majority of Englishmen have not the faintest idea of the way in which the Irish tenant is oppressed,
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to pamphlets on social issues had circulated throughout the world, the proceeds from which went towards victims of the
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had reprimanded McGlynn and ordered him not to defend these views in public. McCloskey's successor,
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15,000 in a famine relief fund. She publicly railed against landlords of the region, particularly
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An Illustrated History of Ireland from AD 400 to 1800: Mary Frances Cusack: Amazon.com: Books
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She wrote 35 books, including many popular pious and sentimental texts on private devotions (
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692:, Vol. 2, (James Patrick Byrne, Philip Coleman, Jason Francis King, eds.) ABC-CLIO, 2008,
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249:, then one of the most destitute parts of Ireland, to establish a convent of Poor Clares.
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was published with illustrations by Henry Doyle, where, in a lengthy preface, she writes:
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While there are many local shrines throughout Ireland, Margaret Anna Cusack joined Canon
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The Conversion Experience in America: A Sourcebook on Religious Conversion Autobiography
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in 1881, and wrote verse. She published more than fifty works, chief among which are
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as the new leader. Gaffney was voted the second Mother General of the order in 1888.
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361:. Cusack believed that the Poor Clare's had been brought to Kenmare instead of the
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862:"The Nun of Kenmare: Margaret Anna Cusack (1829-1899)", Maynooth Library Treasures
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and the other founders of the Puseyite order. That year the entire edition of her
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Margaret Anna Cusack passed into obscurity for a long time, until as a result of
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825:(Letter of John McEvilly, Archbishop of Tuam to Mother Clare, 13 November 1881)
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in 1888. Afterwards she lectured and wrote a number of anti-Catholic books:
271:, and his local agent. She was an outspoken Irish nationalist, publishing
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Revolution and War, the secret conspiracy of the Jesuits in Great Britain
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117:
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McQuaide, Rosalie and Richardson, Janet Davis. "Cusack, Margaret Anns",
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White, John. "The Cusack Papers; new evidence on the Knock apparition",
328:, Archbishop of New York, to examine John Curry who was residing there.
412:. McGlynn was a vocal supporter of the political and economic views of
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Lives of Daniel O'Connell, St. Patrick, St. Columba, and St. Bridget
1082: This article incorporates text from a publication now in the
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The Liberator: His Life and Times, Political, Social, and Religious
160:
The Liberator: His Life and Times, Political, Social, and Religious
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18th-19th Century Social Perspectives, 18th–19th - Century History
324:, the last surviving witnesses. A special tribunal was set by the
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The Trias Thaumaturga; or, Three Wonder-Working Saints of Ireland
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as "...strange but impressively learned and detailed". In 1878
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In Newark, she once again came into controversy with the local
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Anglican nuns. However, disappointed at not being sent to the
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275:, in 1869, though she later denied being associated with the
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In the famine year of 1871, she raised and distributed
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An Illustrated History of Ireland from AD 400 to 1800
108:, Ireland – died 5 June 1899), also known as Sister
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39:
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1053:Women in Ireland, 1800-1918: A Documentary History
205:, Devon, where Margaret attended boarding school.
654:"Co. Kildare Online Electronic History Journal"
380:She opened the first house of the new order in
291:on a supposed visit to Knock on 16 Nov. 1881."
279:. In 1872 she issued an account of the life of
1205:Converts to Anglicanism from Roman Catholicism
1200:Converts to Roman Catholicism from Anglicanism
806:. Vol. 4. NYU Press. 2002. p. 529.
8:
400:Departure from the Catholic Church and death
1098:Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography
515:burned in a fire at her publishing office.
1210:Founders of Catholic religious communities
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727:
624:"Forgotten nun back to hold up her corner"
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497:Ned Rusheen, or, Who Fired the First Shot?
384:, England and in 1885, a similar house in
300:was "an early and fervent believer in the
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873:Fogarty, Gerald, and Fogarty, Gerald P.,
687:Murphy, Cliona. "Cusack, Margaret Anna",
34:Memorial to Margret Anna Cusack in Dublin
1152:Biography of Sister Margaret Anna Cusack
1040:, London: Longmans, Green, and Co., 1868
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804:The Field Day Anthology of Irish Writing
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180:(1827–1893), from Mary Frances Cusack's
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875:The vatican and the Americanist crisis
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788:"Commissions of Inquiry", Knock Shrine
537:appeared, telling the lives of saints
442:The Black Pope: History of the Jesuits
642:. Qontro Classic Books. 12 July 2010.
554:Cloister Songs and Hymns for Children
7:
1170:"Mary Cusack (1829-1899)" at Ricorso
923:, Greenwood Publishing Group, 1992,
438:The Nun of Kenmare: An Autobiography
1157:Sister Margaret Anna Cusack biodata
877:, Gregorian Biblical BookShop, 1974
307:In 1880 she published the pamphlet
946:, Rutgers University Press, 2004,
738:The Nun of Kenmare: The True Facts
465:The Nun of Kenmare: The True Facts
320:interviews with Patrick Byrne and
14:
1038:An Illustrated History of Ireland
477:An Illustrated History of Ireland
369:In 1884, during an audience with
188:Margaret Anna Cusack was born in
1245:19th-century Irish women writers
1077:
991:Allibone, Samuel Austin (1891).
520:Advice to Irish Girls in America
273:The Patriot's History of Ireland
28:
1056:, Cork University Press, 1995,
720:, Issue 4 (Winter 1996), Vol. 4
1164:Women's Work in Modern Society
576:. Her two autobiographies are
558:A Student's History of Ireland
524:Women's Work in Modern Society
394:Illustrated History of Ireland
375:Sisters of St. Joseph of Peace
359:Sisters of St. Joseph of Peace
352:Sisters of St. Joseph of Peace
143:and helping to feed the poor.
133:Sisters of St. Joseph of Peace
98:Irish nun and religious sister
90:Sisters of St. Joseph of Peace
1:
1255:Protestant Irish nationalists
531:A History of the Irish Nation
302:apparition of the Virgin Mary
267:, who owned the lands around
1134:Works by Mary Frances Cusack
736:McCarthy, Philomena (1989).
574:The Book of the Blessed Ones
1235:People from Nottinghamshire
756:Irish Literature Since 1800
566:The Pilgrim's Way to Heaven
422:Archbishop Michael Corrigan
317:Archbishop Thomas Gilmartin
254:A Nun's Advice to her Girls
225:, in 1858 she converted to
46:Mercer Street/York Street,
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1250:19th-century Irish writers
943:Encyclopedia of New Jersey
740:. Kilarney Printing Works.
503:(1877). In 1872 she wrote
78:Sister Mary Francis Cusack
1013:, Marshall, Russell, 1896
964:"Our History and Founder"
456:, Warwickshire, England.
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1101:. New York: D. Appleton.
998:. Trübner & Company.
689:Ireland and the Americas
1240:19th-century Irish nuns
1225:Sisters of Saint Joseph
501:Tim O'Halloran's Choice
418:Cardinal John McCloskey
386:Jersey City, New Jersey
341:Timothy Daniel Sullivan
174:Emigrants Leave Ireland
131:and the founder of the
1036:Cusack, Francis Mary.
800:"Margaret Anna Cusack"
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92:religious congregation
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410:Father Edward McGlynn
390:Lives of Irish Saints
247:Kenmare, County Kerry
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116:, was first an Irish
59:5 June 1899 (aged 70)
918:Holte, James Craig.
898:, Orbis Books, 2014
582:The Story of My Life
432:She returned to the
363:Presentation Sisters
322:Mary Byrne O'Connell
102:Margaret Anna Cusack
22:Margaret Anna Cusack
1230:People from Coolock
1215:Irish women writers
894:McNamara, Patrick.
759:, Routledge, 2014,
570:Jesus and Jerusalem
513:Life of St. Patrick
495:Her novels include
277:Ladies' Land League
110:Mary Francis Cusack
896:New York Catholics
578:The Nun of Kenmare
489:not by individuals
475:In 1868, Cusack's
434:Anglican Communion
406:Catholic hierarchy
213:Influenced by the
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1138:Project Gutenberg
1114:Missing or empty
1107:cite encyclopedia
626:. irishtimes.com.
622:McDonald, Frank.
606:irishgenealogy.ie
602:"Irish Genealogy"
505:Honehurst Rectory
446:What Rome Teaches
198:Church of Ireland
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