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Henriette, Abram, Rachel, Cassandra, David, Benjamin, Henry Fitz Edward, Leah, Priscilla, Charles David, Robert, Anna, Rebecca, Jamima, Daniel, Ester, William, Dinah, Elizabeth, Charity, and George. There were 282 enslaved people in
Fayette County in 1790, meaning that the individuals with ties to the Goe, Hutton, and Magruder families constituted a significant percentage of the region's Black community.
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wheat, flax, wool, cows, lambs, and pigs. This suggests that the people whom Hutton enslaved labored primarily as farmers and domestic servants. There were some people, however, who had acquired more specialized skills. Henry Fitz Edward and
Charles David possessed knowledge of tailoring and shoemaking respectively.
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of the twenty-six people she still enslaved. She generally allowed that older people should have their freedom within a year of her death, while younger people were to be sold for a period of years before having their freedom. Hutton also allowed most of this group to collect cash and goods from her
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In her last will and testament, Hutton bequeathed a variety of tools to the people she enslaved, including axes, hoes, sickles, scythes, and ploughs for the men, as well as spinning wheels, pots, kettles, and skillets for the women. Hutton also bequeathed various crops and livestock, including corn,
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Margaret Goe was born on August 19, 1727, in Prince George's County, Maryland, to
William Goe and Mary Boyd. She married Richard Hutton and the couple had a daughter they named Mary. When Richard died in 1772, he bequeathed to Mary a boy named Edward Simpson and a girl named Hannah. When Mary Hutton
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Tony
Burroughs identifies at least thirty-six people whom Hutton held in bondage during her lifetime. Their names are as follows: "Old Catherine," "Old Rachel," "Old Jeremiah," Tobias, Hannah, William Edward Simpson, Thomas Simpson, Sarah, Susannah, Alice, Isaac, Philimona, Terrementa, Alice,
114:. Hutton registered nine people as lifetime slaves in 1780 and sixteen children as term slaves between 1788 and her death in 1797. Her 1795 last will and testament identified twenty-six enslaved people by name. All told, Hutton enslaved at least thirty-six people during her lifetime.
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along with between twenty and thirty enslaved people they brought from
Maryland. The death of Margaret's husband, followed by her son-in-law in 1787, left Hutton one of the wealthiest women in the region, as she inherited land and enslaved people from both men.
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executors in order to support themselves in freedom. Her decision to leave property to the community she had enslaved during her lifetime helped to establish a free Black community in the
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Frontier
Capitalism and Unfree Labor in Middle Appalachia: The Development of Western Pennsylvania and Maryland, 1760-1840
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History of the County of
Westmoreland, Pennsylvania: With Biographical Sketches of Many of Its Pioneers and Prominent Men
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When
Margaret Hutton composed her last will and testament on February 12, 1795, she provided for the conditional
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A Century of
Population Growth from the First Census of the United States to the Twelfth, 1790-1900
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333:"Invisible Hands: Slaves, Bound Laborers, and the Development of Western Pennsylvania, 1780-1820"
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The Goes, Huttons, and
Magruders moved to southwestern Pennsylvania in 1773, settling near
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The Goe Family, 1996: A Revised and Updated Edition of The Goe Family, 1702-1978 ...
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married Hezekiah Magruder, Mary and Edward became his property under the law of
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largest enslaver in Pennsylvania at the time of the first federal census
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454:(PhD). University of Arkansas, Fayetteville. pp. 61–62.
286:"From North to Natchez during the Age of Gradual Abolition"
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Pennsylvania History: A Journal of Mid-Atlantic Studies
388:"The African American Truman Family of Fayette County"
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William Goe (brother), Hezekiah Magruder (son-in-law)
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290:The Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography
51:Washington Township, Fayette County, Pennsylvania
256:. U.S. Government Printing Office. p. 137.
106:in southwestern Pennsylvania and the largest
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250:Census, United States Bureau of the (1909).
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102:; August 19, 1727 – c1797) was an early
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395:The Pennsylvania Genealogical Magazine
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536:People from colonial Pennsylvania
331:Osborne, Christopher M. (2005).
110:in the state at the time of the
36:Prince George's County, Maryland
267:Albert, George Dallas (1882).
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273:. L. H. Everts. p. 449.
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448:Conley, Nathaniel (2018).
284:Young, Cory James (2019).
209:Goe, Melvin Boone (1996).
509:Conley, pp. 156-157, 161
386:Burroughs, Tony (2010).
296:(2): 117–119, 124–125.
215:M.B. Goe. pp. 2–3.
473:Burroughs, pp. 320-321
429:Burroughs, pp. 320-321
411:Burroughs, pp. 320-321
302:10.1353/pmh.2019.0014
159:Death and manumission
118:Early life and family
16:Pennsylvania enslaver
182:List of slave owners
112:first federal census
227:"Hutton, Margaret"
170:Monongahela Valley
500:Burroughs, p. 317
464:Conley, pp. 86-88
438:Burroughs, p. 318
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143:Slaveholding
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531:1797 deaths
526:1727 births
165:manumission
148:Genealogist
78:Mary Hutton
520:Categories
236:2022-03-28
193:References
420:Goe, p. 9
373:152164125
357:0031-4528
343:(1): 81.
318:151098017
310:2169-8546
125:coverture
83:Relatives
365:27778659
176:See also
108:enslaver
75:Children
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67:Spouse
391:(PDF)
369:S2CID
361:JSTOR
314:S2CID
47:c1797
353:ISSN
306:ISSN
53:, US
44:Died
38:, US
29:Born
345:doi
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100:Goe
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