118:"But on another aspect of the problem I want to dwell on it for a few minutes. The honorable Secretary of State did not want - at least I understood this - to commit himself to any changes to the existing law. He says that he does not even see the need to outline what could be a change in the existing law, the limits of which we are well aware. Now, if the honorable Secretary considers that the torture inflicted on these women by Moroccan troops is in any way comparable to any other misfortune that war can bring, however great it may be (and I say this having here next to me a colleague who had the misfortune of losing her son in the war), If he believes that this misfortune is comparable to any other mourning or pain that war causes, he shows that he does not have an ounce of sensitivity, he shows that he does not even know how to pause for a moment to consider the fact that chance and nothing else has willed that these women and not those of his family, those who are dearest to him, should have to suffer this harsh fate.
114:– and to bring before Parliament specific directives for the social and economic rights of these women. On 7 April 1952 in Rome, Maria Maddalena Rossi, accompanied by a delegation of five hundred women, to make changes to the compensation due to victims of war crimes committed by Allied soldiers during the Second World War. This militant action has created a political, ideological and cultural divide: women victims of sexual violence have been able to break with the social shame of the sexual crimes they have suffered, which engenders a form of emancipation in the face of a patriarchal society in a return to traditional norms to compensate for the social and gender transformations due to the war. The specificity of sexual violence has become established on the political scene, which has given impetus to the idea that this violence is a collective issue and not the responsibility of the victims. During this evening session in the Chamber of Deputies, Maria Maddalena Rossi said:
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solidarity, so that they sometimes find a kind of comfort in knowing that their mourning is shared, that the memory of their departed loved ones is sacred to millions of citizens. But these women don't! For these there is no possible comfort. They have to hide, as if they felt morally infected as well! These women would like to be forbidden to speak of their misfortune, to assemble, to complain, in the name of public morality! Moreover, she compared this misfortune to that of a person who loses a relative in a car accident or I don't know what others. Mr Under-Secretary, if you will allow me, you should not have said that. This misfortune must not be compared with others, whether small or large, nor should it be placed in the category of "accidents". Otherwise, it is no longer enough to talk about insensitivity, because that would be cynicism.".
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necessary to achieve lasting peace. Maria
Maddalena Rossi was re-elected in 1948 for the First Legislature of the Italian Republic – where she distinguished herself in her fight for minors and the streamlining of adoption procedures – in 1953 for the Second Legislature and in 1958 for the Third Legislature, which lasted until 15 May 1963.
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In the
Italian constituent elections of 1946, she was elected to the Constituent Assembly of the Italian Republic as part of the Communist Group, an assembly whose aim was to establish a new constitution after the fascist dictatorship: she was one of the first twenty-one women to be elected to an
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In 1942, she was arrested by the fascist military police in
Bergamo and sentenced to detention in the prison of Sant'Angelo in Vado (Pesaro), until 25 July 1943. She then moved to Zurich, Switzerland, where she continued to work for the Italian Communist Party for about a year and a half, raising
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Do you think that the lives of these women would be affected to the same extent if they had lost one of their loved ones in the war? No, it's not the same. We know the mothers who have lost their children, the wives who have lost their husbands: we love them, we honor them, we show them our full
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In particular, she fought for equality between women and men within the family home and in the professional world, with Maria
Federici and Teresa Mateti she campaigned for Italian women to have equal access to justice, and also promoted the idea that the State had a responsibility to protect the
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Finally, on 19 September 1995, Maria
Maddalena Rossi died in Milan and was buried in her hometown of Codevilla (Pavia). She bequeathed her important collection of contemporary art objects, books and records to the city. Then, in his memory, a street in Codevilla was named after him: since then,
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In this role, she was a member of the
Commission on International Treaties and Discussions for the Peace Treaty between Italy and the Allies, signed on 10 February 1947 in Paris. In it, it defends the idea that, in addition to the peace treaty, a policy of reconciliation and collaboration is
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alongside her husband
Antonio Semproni, where she undertook her military service in the anti-fascist struggle. In particular, she became involved in the Red Rescue (International) – activities mainly carried out by women – which worked with communist prisoners through solidarity campaigns.
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Italian parliamentary assembly. In particular, she fought for the repeal of the article of the pre-fascist laws that prohibited women from entering the highest ranks of the judiciary. When, during the debate on the new
Italian constitution,
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At the beginning of the 1950s, the
Italian Communist Party took charge of denouncing the living conditions in the Cassino region in southern Italy, which were still difficult even several years after the end of the Second World War. The
30:(29 September 1906 – 19 September 1995) was an Italian anti-fascist partisan, communist politician, feminist, and journalist. She was a leading voice for leftist women and women's rights in the years following the Second World War.
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spoke out against the equality of spouses and in favor of affirming the indissolubility of marriage, Rossi retorted that women were now a force in
Italian politics and that they intended to change the entire civil code.
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In 1963, she was no longer a parliamentarian and became a municipal councilor and for public works. Then, between 1970 and 1975, she was elected mayor of Porto Venere (La Spezia) where she settled.
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which was then underground. She then joined the Press and Propaganda Commission of the Italian High Directorate of the PCI and became head of the Women's Commission of the PCI Upper Italy.
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In parallel with her political commitments, Maria Maddalena Rossi is involved in the associative field. She was one of the main representatives of the
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In December 1897, in recognition of his political, civil and social commitment, the Province of Milan awarded him the Gold Medal.
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Born on 29 September 1906 in Codevilla (Pavia) into a well-to-do and anti-fascist family, she graduated in Chemistry from the
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On 30 January 1955, she took part in the 10th anniversary of the legislation on women's suffrage in Italy.
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was created in order to defend women who had suffered sexual violence during the war – especially the
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On September 29, 2020, the inauguration of a municipal nursery school in the town of Cassino, named "
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In December 1944, she returned to Milan and joined the editorial staff of the left-wing daily
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Guerra totale. Tra bombe alleate e violenza nazista. Napoli e il fronte meridionale 1940-44
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funds for the party's armed struggle, and writing for the anti-fascist newspapers “
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Tra due fuochi. Esperienza e memoria della guerra lungo la linea Gustav
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CASSINO: Cittadinanza Maria Maddalena Rossi del 29-09-2020
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Between 1957 and 1967, she was vice-president of the
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family and moral and civil equality between spouses.
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in 1930, then moved to Milan where she found a job.
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The Lost Wave: Women and Democracy in Postwar Italy
213:. Univ of Massachusetts Press. pp. 135–136.
164:several ceremonies have been held in his honor.
211:Italian Socialism: Between Politics and History
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150:Women's International Democratic Federation
231:Fondazione Archivio Diaristico Nazionale.
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195:. Oxford University Press. pp. 70–73.
295:"Seduta notturna di lunedi 7 aprile 1952"
70:Fronte della gioventù per l'Independenza"
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72:for Italian prisoners in Swiss camps
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359:Italian resistance movement members
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384:20th-century Italian politicians
169:Asilo Nido Maria Maddalena Rossi
108:Associazione donne del Cassinate
283:. Torino: Bollati Boringhieri.
66:L'Italia Libera", "La Libertà"
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279:Gribaudi, Gabriella (2005).
364:Italian socialist feminists
249:Gaballo, Graziella (2018).
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209:Di Scala, Spencer (1996).
57:Communist Party of Italy
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251:"Maria Maddalena Rossi"
233:"Maria Maddalena Rossi"
135:Associative involvement
191:Tambor, Molly (2014).
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349:Italian anti-fascists
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344:1995 deaths
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159:End of Life
112:Moroccanate
333:Categories
319:2023-12-02
175:References
39:Early life
34:Biography
81:L'Unità
298:(PDF)
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