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as a Pilot in Marine
Fighting Squadron TWO HUNDRED TWENTY-THREE (VMF-223), Marine Air Group TWENTY-THREE (MAG-23), FIRST Marine Aircraft Wing, in aerial combat against enemy Japanese forces in the Solomons Islands Area from 24 August 1942 to 9 September 1942. With utter disregard for his own personal safety, Captain Carl, during the period of sixteen days, shot down ten enemy aircraft unassisted, and with the help of another Marine Corps pilot, succeeded in shooting down the eleventh plane. His brilliant daring and conspicuous skill as an airman served as an inspiration to other pilots of his squadron and contributed greatly to the security of the positions of the United States Forces in the Solomon Islands. His courageous and loyal devotion to duty is in keeping with the highest traditions of the United States Naval Service.
1395:
Fighting
Squadron TWO HUNDRED TWENTY-ONE (VMF-221), Marine Air Group TWENTY-TWO (MAG-22), Naval Air Station, Midway, during operations of the U.S. Naval and Marine Forces against the invading Japanese Fleet during the Battle of Midway on 4 June 1942. Leading his section in a dauntless and aggressive attack against a vastly superior number of Japanese bomber and fighter planes, Captain Carl aided in the disruption of enemy plans and lessened the effectiveness of their attack. As a result of his daring tactics, he succeeded in destroying one OO Isento KI Navy Fighter. The courageous leadership and utter disregard for personal safety displayed by Captain Carl in this attack were in keeping with the highest traditions of the United States Naval Service.
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it down to 4,000 ft (1,200 m). He tried to operate the ejection seat, but the face blind ripped away in his hands and the seat failed to fire. He climbed out at 3,000 feet (910 m). He then tried the wind-tunnel approved method of getting out on the inside of the spin, but was forced back due to airflow. He finally got out on the other side and felt his parachute open as he fell into the splash of the aircraft. The success of this proved bailing out on the inside of the spin to avoid being hit by the tail was an incorrect theory.
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920:, was published in 1994. In 1998, at age 82, he was shot to death during a robbery, defending Edna from a home invader. Carl had entered his living room late one evening and had found an intruder pointing a shotgun at his wife and demanding money and car-keys. Carl lunged at the intruder who fired his weapon, the shot grazing Edna's head and leaving her injured. The attacker then turned the weapon on Carl, fatally shooting him and then fleeing, stealing cash and the couple's car. Carl was buried with full military honors at
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The
President of the United States of America takes pleasure in presenting a Gold Star in lieu of a Second Award of the Navy Cross to Captain Marion Eugene Carl (MCSN: 0-6053), United States Marine Corps, for extraordinary heroism and distinguished service in the line of his profession while serving
806:
anti-submarine attack aircraft. The anti-spin parachute that had been fitted in earlier tests had been removed. Climbing to 10,000 feet (3,000 m) over
Chesapeake Bay, Carl commenced the spin. The aircraft entered a flat spin with strong centrifugal forces. Carl could not break the spin and rode
927:
His murderer, 19-year-old Jesse Fanus, was apprehended one week later. In April 1999, he was convicted on two counts of aggravated murder (and 11 additional felony charges) and sentenced to death. In 2003, his conviction and death sentence were upheld by the Oregon
Supreme Court. In December 2011,
1394:
The
President of the United States of America takes pleasure in presenting the Navy Cross to Captain Marion Eugene Carl (MCSN: 0-6053), United States Marine Corps, for extraordinary heroism and distinguished service in the line of his profession while serving Section Leader and a Pilot in Marine
440:
1556:
Because of the unexpected resistance offered by the defending VMF-221 fighters, the
Japanese fleet admiral decided to launch another (previously unplanned) attack on the island, a decision which ultimately resulted in the near-complete destruction of the Japanese attack
434:
on 22 June 1942. From left to right: Capt Marion E. Carl, Capt Kirk
Armistead, Maj Raymond Scollin (of Marine Air Group 22), Capt Herbert T. Merrill, 2nd Lt Charles M. Kunz, 2nd Lt Charles S. Hughes, 2nd Lt Hyde Phillips, Capt Philip R. White, and 2nd Lt Roy A. Corry
463:. Over the next two months, Carl became the Marines' first ace, running his tally to 16.5 victories, during which time he had to bail out once from a badly-damaged airplane. It is believed that on August 26 Carl shot down the famous Japanese Navy
1470:
holds an annual "Mud Run" in honor of Carl at the Naval Air
Station, Lemoore, California. The 5-mile run includes mud pits, climbing walls, and other military obstacles to challenge the runners. The 13th Annual Mud Run was held on June 6,
1943:
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1984:
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the sentence was overturned based on the prisoner's inadequate legal representation. Fanus was sentenced to life in prison without the possibility of parole on May 7, 2015.
2006:
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in record-setting speed attempts. That August, he was recorded at 650 miles per hour (1,050 km/h), establishing a new world record for a conventional aircraft. When
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on June 4, 1942, when 15 of the 25 aircraft VMF-221 put into the air that morning were destroyed. Nevertheless, Carl was credited with destroying one enemy aircraft, a
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as an instructor pilot helping to train the rapidly growing number of naval aviators, before receiving orders to the newly formed Marine
Fighting Squadron 221 (
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at Maxwell Air Base, Montgomery Alabama. This program encourages the study of airpower history by emphasizing the contributions of air and space pioneers.
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forces along the coast. After his death, an incorrect version of his reconnaissance missions appeared in several obituaries, stating that he had flown
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of the Marine Corps, until retiring in 1973. By then he had logged some 13,000 flying hours, more than twice as much as most contemporaries.
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1979:
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309:. He learned to fly while attending college and soloed after only 2½ hours of instruction; eight to ten hours is typical. He studied
1992:
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At Patuxent River on April 1, 1952, Carl had a close brush with death. He was performing a series of check spins in the new
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During a second test pilot tour in 1953, Carl set an unofficial altitude record of 83,000 feet (25,000 m) in the
443:
Junichi Sasai wearing flight gear. This 1942 photo shows Sasai shortly before his death over Guadalcanal on August 26.
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93:
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1812:"Gathering of Eagles Foundation | Honoring airpower heritage to inspire military and community leaders of the future"
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477:. When the squadron left Guadalcanal in October, Carl was America's second-ranking ace behind Major Smith.
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Carl resigned his Army commission to become a naval aviation cadet and received his "Wings of Gold" and
201:
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1914:
1634:"Family of Maj. Gen. Marion Carl doesn't want war hero's killer released from prison - oregonlive.com"
1179:
1042:
2766:
2761:
2447:
2431:
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488:, he claimed two more enemy planes, finishing as the Corps' seventh-ranking ace with 18.5 victories.
857:, Carl became Director of Marine Corps Aviation for five months in 1962. In 1964 he was promoted to
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1716:"Jesse Fanus resentenced to life in prison in death of WWII hero Marion Carl - oregonlive.com"
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Carl returned to the Pacific and led VMF-223 until the following summer. During combat in the
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1962:
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Carl's decorations include (having declined any personal medals for service in Vietnam):
2728:
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2196:
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1606:"In Memoriam: Major General Marion Carl, USMC (retired), Vietnam Veteran, 30 June 1998"
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In 1984, 1986, 1989, and 1992, Carl was honored at the Air Command and Staff College's
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2017:
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1955:
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commission in December 1939. His first posting was to Marine Fighting Squadron One (
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277:(November 1, 1915 – June 28, 1998) was an American military officer, World War II
419:. All the survivors of VMF-221 were returned to Hawaii shortly after the battle.
411:
on Christmas Day, 1941. Carl's first combat occurred six months later during the
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Carl's widow Edna passed away in 2007. His two children were Bruce and Lyanne.
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Carl returned to his native Oregon, where he and his wife Edna settled near
830:
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1584:
Pushing the Envelope: The Career of Fighter Ace and Test Pilot Marion Carl
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After a short rest, Carl was reassigned to Marine Fighting Squadron 223 (
306:
854:
849:
Carl (1st from left, middle row) at the 1967 General Officers Symposium
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Between test pilot duties, Carl commanded other units including a
772:
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407:. After the relief attempt was cancelled, VMF-221 was deployed to
334:
1811:
1774:. Los Angeles, California. p. B2 – via Newspapers.com.
1703:
War Hero's Killer Must Wait Until 2015 for New Sentencing Hearing
1648:"Marion E. Carl, Lieutenant General, United States Marine Corps"
873:. Despite his seniority, he repeatedly flew combat missions in
431:
388:
1988:
1509:"Maj. Gen. Marion E. Carl, 82, Marine Air Ace in World War II"
2689:
2862:
Recipients of the Distinguished Flying Cross (United States)
1828:. Public Works Department, Roseburg, Oregon. Archived from
1464:, was named the Marion E. Carl Memorial Field in his honor.
777:
Carl and Commander Caldwell with a D-558-1 at Muroc (1947)
781:
In 1947, Carl was one of two pilots selected to fly the
2787:
United States Marine Corps personnel of the Vietnam War
2655:
1671:. Associated Press. December 29, 2011. Archived from
1539:
Carl's action on that memorable day is documented in
451:), led by former VMF-221 pilot Captain (later Major)
2792:
United States Marine Corps personnel of World War II
2280:
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261:
238:
212:
187:
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147:
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110:
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88:
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32:
1853:. Marine Aviation Support Group 23. Archived from
317:(now a university) and, in 1938, graduated with a
2877:United States Marine Corps pilots of World War II
1669:"No death penalty for killer of WWII Marine ace"
1628:
1626:
1969:, History Division, United States Marine Corps.
896:, from 1968 to 1970. He subsequently served as
638:1.5 (1 shared credit with Major. K. Armistead)
2000:
1416:In 1992 Carl was inducted into the Lancaster
373:found VMF-221 preparing to embark aboard the
8:
2852:Recipients of the Navy Cross (United States)
341:. After a year there, he was posted back to
321:degree as a lieutenant in the Army Reserve.
1547:, as the first chapter of that compilation.
46:Major General Marion E. Carl in August 1967
2722:
2007:
1993:
1985:
40:
29:
1265:
799:in October, he also broke Carl's record.
459:, the first fighter unit ashore with the
395:. The unit was rushed to Hawaii, then to
2822:National Aviation Hall of Fame inductees
1423:On July 21, 2001, Carl was enshrined at
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455:. On August 20, VMF-223 was deployed to
438:
2702:
2662:
2640:List of United States World War II aces
1705:, Roseburg News Review, 1 November 2013
1499:
1300:w/ two Silver Stars and two Gold Stars
2807:Burials at Arlington National Cemetery
1766:Halley, Blaine (September 19, 1992).
1741:
1739:
1582:Carl, Marion E. and Barrett Tillman.
742:In 1945, Carl graduated in the first
7:
1476:Marine Corps Air Station Kaneohe Bay
2872:United States Marine Corps generals
1876:"Annual Marion Carl Marine Mud Run"
1768:"Ceremony Will Honor 5 Test Pilots"
1489:United States Marine Corps Aviation
1371:Republic of Vietnam Gallantry Cross
880:Carl received his second star as a
301:Born on the family dairy farm near
1956:Major General Marion E. Carl, USMC
1946:from websites or documents of the
1608:. Associated Press. Archived from
505:Aircraft Types Claimed (location)
27:United States Marine Corps general
25:
2857:Recipients of the Legion of Merit
2782:American World War II flying aces
1967:Who's Who in Marine Corps History
1507:Goldstein, Richard (1998-06-30).
770:, the first Marine jet squadron.
174:Director of Marine Corps Aviation
2772:American aviation record holders
2705:
2677:
2665:
2016:
1942: This article incorporates
1937:
1792:. National Aviation Hall of Fame
1586:, Naval Institute Press, 1994. (
1353:Armed Forces Expeditionary Medal
1253:
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1035:
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1021:
1014:
1000:
994:
987:
980:
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963:
957:
945:
825:. In 1954, he led missions over
748:Naval Air Station Patuxent River
151:
126:
116:
305:, Carl was always attracted to
251:
2887:Military personnel from Oregon
2827:Oregon State University alumni
2817:Flight altitude record holders
1851:"Marion Carl Memorial Mud Run"
1786:"Enshrinee Marion Eugene Carl"
1429:National Aviation Hall of Fame
1347:National Defense Service Medal
1334:Asiatic-Pacific Campaign Medal
1322:American Defense Service Medal
1:
2645:List of top World War II aces
1901:"K-Bay gets new name, status"
1650:. Arlington National Cemetery
916:, coauthored with his friend
293:' first ace in World War II.
2882:United States Naval Aviators
2837:People from Roseburg, Oregon
1913:. 2009-05-25. Archived from
1366:Korean Defense Service Medal
621:Mitsubishi G4M Betty bombers
385:Marine Corps Air Station Ewa
2847:Recipients of the Air Medal
2832:People from Hubbard, Oregon
2812:Deaths by firearm in Oregon
2022:United States World War II
1980:Arlington National Cemetery
1826:"Roseburg Regional Airport"
922:Arlington National Cemetery
430:at Ewa Mooring Mast Field,
94:Arlington National Cemetery
2903:
1948:United States Marine Corps
1431:class of 2001, along with
1400:Second Navy Cross citation
1340:World War II Victory Medal
1316:Presidential Unit Citation
1292:Distinguished Flying Cross
758:, he conducted pioneering
291:United States Marine Corps
227:Distinguished Flying Cross
134:United States Marine Corps
122:United States Army Reserve
2842:People murdered in Oregon
2740:
2733:
2725:
2635:
2205:Dominic Salvatore Gentile
2026:with 15+ aerial victories
1545:Greatest Fighter Missions
1458:Roseburg Regional Airport
1384:First Navy Cross citation
953:
944:
783:Douglas D-558/I Skystreak
520:destroyed and 2 damaged (
39:
912:. Marion Carl's memoir,
886:2nd Marine Aircraft Wing
884:in 1967, commanding the
311:aeronautical engineering
177:2nd Marine Aircraft Wing
105:United States of America
2472:William T. Whisner Jr.
1418:Aerospace Walk of Honor
1329:American Campaign Medal
861:; in 1965, he took the
2735:Human altitude record
2384:John C. "Pappy" Herbst
1944:public domain material
1413:
1397:
1376:Vietnam Campaign Medal
850:
804:Grumman AF-2S Guardian
778:
492:Aerial victory credits
444:
436:
371:attack on Pearl Harbor
2694:at Knowledge (XXG)'s
1772:The Los Angeles Times
1408:
1392:
1358:Vietnam Service Medal
1336:w/three Bronze Stars
1286:and three Gold Stars
848:
776:
442:
425:
202:Battle of Guadalcanal
140:Years of service
2797:Aviators from Oregon
2777:American test pilots
2576:Edward "Porky" Cragg
2552:David Lee "Tex" Hill
2448:James S. Varnell Jr.
2432:John F. Thornell Jr.
2098:Charles H. MacDonald
1790:nationalaviation.org
1747:"Marion Eugene Carl"
1573:, Phoenix Press 2006
1360:w/ two Bronze Stars
1318:w/ two Bronze Stars
1311:Combat Action Ribbon
914:Pushing the Envelope
766:and later commanded
401:WI Relief Task Force
369:The 7 December 1941
315:Oregon State College
2584:Kenneth H. Dahlberg
2536:Richard A. Peterson
2504:Charles R. Stimpson
2269:Robert B. Westbrook
2213:Fred J. Christensen
1906:Honolulu Advertiser
1675:on January 24, 2012
1636:. 31 December 2011.
1478:was named for Carl.
1452:Gathering of Eagles
1433:North American X-15
1349:w/ one Bronze Star
1294:w/ four Gold Stars
1267:Naval Aviator Badge
875:helicopter gunships
325:Marine Corps career
319:Bachelor of Science
183:of the Marine Corps
2867:Shot-down aviators
2692:Marion Eugene Carl
2352:Glenn T. Eagleston
2296:Patrick D. Fleming
2173:David C. Schilling
2157:Eugene A. Valencia
1961:2011-05-16 at the
1911:Marine Corps Times
1730:"Veteran Tributes"
1698:2014-12-09 at the
1571:Wings on my Sleeve
1513:The New York Times
877:and jet fighters.
863:1st Marine Brigade
851:
821:squadron based on
779:
756:lieutenant colonel
445:
437:
339:Quantico, Virginia
275:Marion Eugene Carl
2750:
2749:
2741:Succeeded by
2653:
2652:
2628:
2620:
2612:
2604:
2596:
2588:
2580:
2572:
2564:
2556:
2548:
2540:
2532:
2524:
2520:William D. Dunham
2516:
2508:
2500:
2492:
2484:
2476:
2468:
2460:
2452:
2444:
2440:Gerald W. Johnson
2436:
2428:
2420:
2412:
2404:
2396:
2388:
2380:
2372:
2368:Walter C. Beckham
2364:
2356:
2348:
2344:Leonard K. Carson
2340:
2332:
2324:
2316:
2312:John Lucian Smith
2308:
2304:Cornelius N. Nooy
2300:
2292:
2273:
2265:
2257:
2253:Donald N. Aldrich
2249:
2241:
2233:
2225:
2221:Ray Shuey Wetmore
2217:
2209:
2201:
2193:
2185:
2181:Gerald R. Johnson
2177:
2169:
2161:
2153:
2145:
2126:
2118:
2110:
2102:
2094:
2090:Robert S. Johnson
2086:
2082:Gregory Boyington
2078:
2059:
2051:
2043:
1604:Willetts, Joyce.
1381:
1380:
1276:w/ one Gold Star
1261:
1260:
935:Awards and legacy
898:Inspector General
890:MCAS Cherry Point
859:brigadier general
764:aircraft carriers
735:
734:
426:Survivors of the
387:on the island of
383:for transport to
281:, record-setting
269:
268:
181:Inspector General
16:(Redirected from
2894:
2802:Battle of Midway
2744:Arthur W. Murray
2726:Preceded by
2723:
2718:
2710:
2709:
2708:
2698:
2682:
2681:
2680:
2670:
2669:
2668:
2661:
2626:
2624:Harold L. Spears
2618:
2610:
2602:
2594:
2592:James A. Goodson
2586:
2578:
2570:
2562:
2554:
2546:
2538:
2530:
2528:Don M. Beerbower
2522:
2514:
2506:
2498:
2490:
2482:
2474:
2466:
2458:
2450:
2442:
2434:
2426:
2418:
2416:Donald Blakeslee
2410:
2402:
2394:
2386:
2378:
2370:
2362:
2360:Wilbur J. Thomas
2354:
2346:
2338:
2330:
2322:
2320:Alexander Vraciu
2314:
2306:
2298:
2290:
2271:
2263:
2255:
2247:
2239:
2237:Kenneth A. Walsh
2231:
2223:
2215:
2207:
2199:
2191:
2183:
2175:
2167:
2159:
2151:
2143:
2124:
2122:Robert M. Hanson
2116:
2108:
2100:
2092:
2084:
2076:
2057:
2055:David McCampbell
2049:
2041:
2021:
2020:
2009:
2002:
1995:
1986:
1941:
1940:
1926:
1925:
1923:
1922:
1897:
1891:
1890:
1888:
1887:
1878:. Archived from
1872:
1866:
1865:
1863:
1862:
1847:
1841:
1840:
1838:
1837:
1822:
1816:
1815:
1808:
1802:
1801:
1799:
1797:
1782:
1776:
1775:
1763:
1757:
1756:
1743:
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75:June 28, 1998
74:
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19:
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2464:Bud Anderson
2424:Duane Beeson
2400:Hubert Zemke
2335:
2229:John J. Voll
2039:Richard Bong
1966:
1919:. Retrieved
1915:the original
1904:
1895:
1884:. Retrieved
1880:the original
1870:
1859:. Retrieved
1855:the original
1845:
1834:. Retrieved
1830:the original
1820:
1806:
1794:. Retrieved
1789:
1780:
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1761:
1750:
1724:
1710:
1702:
1689:
1677:. Retrieved
1673:the original
1663:
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1642:
1614:. Retrieved
1610:the original
1599:
1583:
1578:
1570:
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1552:
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1535:
1524:. Retrieved
1512:
1502:
1425:Dayton, Ohio
1409:
1404:
1403:
1393:
1388:
1387:
938:
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907:
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852:
837:spy planes.
816:
809:
801:
793:Chuck Yeager
780:
741:
659:Betty bomber
583:Betty bomber
545:Kate bombers
541:Betty bomber
479:
464:
446:
409:Midway Atoll
404:
379:
368:
365:World War II
331:Marine Corps
328:
300:
274:
270:
192:World War II
188:Battles/wars
77:(1998-06-28)
2767:1998 deaths
2762:1915 births
2488:Bill Harris
2024:flying aces
1439:, USAF ace
841:Vietnam War
718:destroyed (
708:27 Dec 1943
699:destroyed (
689:23 Dec 1943
680:destroyed (
670:03 Oct 1942
661:destroyed (
651:28 Sep 1942
642:destroyed (
632:27 Sep 1942
623:destroyed (
613:09 Sep 1942
604:destroyed (
594:30 Aug 1942
585:destroyed (
575:29 Aug 1942
566:destroyed (
556:26 Aug 1942
547:destroyed (
529:24 Aug 1942
510:04 Jun 1942
457:Guadalcanal
397:Wake Island
297:Early years
279:fighter ace
207:Vietnam War
2756:Categories
2738:1953–1954
1921:2009-05-27
1886:2006-07-02
1861:2006-07-02
1836:2006-07-02
1796:1 February
1654:2006-07-02
1616:2006-07-02
1567:Eric Brown
1526:2018-05-13
1495:References
1441:Robin Olds
1284:Combat "V"
1274:Navy Cross
795:broke the
744:test pilot
738:Test pilot
697:Ki-61 Tony
359:California
283:test pilot
217:Navy Cross
101:Allegiance
58:1915-11-01
2684:Biography
1521:0362-4331
1437:Joe Engle
1427:, in the
1405:Citation:
1389:Citation:
1304:Air Medal
1298:Air Medal
831:Communist
787:Air Force
746:class at
602:A6M Zekes
564:A6M Zekes
378:USS
355:San Diego
343:Pensacola
239:Spouse(s)
232:Air Medal
143:1938–1973
2672:Aviation
2114:Joe Foss
1959:Archived
1696:Archived
1483:See also
1468:MATSG-23
910:Roseburg
752:Maryland
716:A6M Zeke
678:A6M Zero
537:A6M Zeke
518:A6M Zeke
405:Saratoga
380:Saratoga
307:aviation
262:Children
163:Commands
111:Service/
2658:Portals
2555:(15.25)
2547:(15.25)
2539:(15.25)
2531:(15.25)
2467:(16.25)
2459:(16.33)
2435:(17.25)
2427:(17.33)
2403:(17.75)
2248:(20.75)
2224:(21.25)
2208:(21.83)
2109:(26.83)
1932:Sources
1543:' book
855:colonel
790:Captain
768:VMF-122
754:. As a
449:VMF-223
347:VMF-221
256:
248:
171:VMF-122
167:VMF-223
2475:(16.4)
2419:(17.5)
2411:(17.5)
2363:(18.5)
2355:(18.5)
2347:(18.5)
2339:(18.5)
2331:(18.5)
2216:(21.5)
2176:(22.5)
1590:
1557:force.
1519:
1443:, and
1435:pilot
904:Murder
867:Danang
823:Taiwan
720:Rabaul
701:Rabaul
682:Cactus
663:Cactus
644:Cactus
625:Cactus
606:Cactus
587:Cactus
568:Cactus
549:Cactus
393:Hawaii
285:, and
213:Awards
131:
113:branch
89:Buried
84:, U.S.
67:, U.S.
2714:Media
2281:15–19
2134:20–24
2067:25–29
1471:2006.
1460:, in
502:Total
482:Major
473:over
349:) at
337:) at
335:VMF-1
250:(
246:
2627:(15)
2619:(15)
2611:(15)
2603:(15)
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2093:(27)
2085:(28)
2077:(28)
2058:(34)
2050:(38)
2042:(40)
1798:2023
1681:2012
1588:ISBN
1517:ISSN
543:, 2
539:, 1
499:Date
469:ace
432:Oahu
389:Oahu
234:(14)
148:Rank
72:Died
52:Born
2032:30+
1282:w/
888:at
865:to
835:U-2
760:jet
729:18½
435:Jr.
353:in
313:at
229:(5)
224:(4)
219:(2)
2758::
1965:,
1909:.
1903:.
1788:.
1770:.
1749:.
1738:^
1625:^
1569:,
1515:.
1511:.
924:.
892:,
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814:.
750:,
722:)
714:1
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695:1
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676:1
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635:1½
627:)
619:2
608:)
600:3
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562:2
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535:1
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516:1
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361:.
357:,
252:m.
2700::
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2001:t
1994:v
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1889:.
1864:.
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1814:.
1800:.
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673:1
654:1
616:2
597:3
578:1
559:2
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513:1
265:2
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56:(
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