467:
scientists was acknowledged in 2012 when the team running the program with
Westoby were awarded the Australian Award for University Teaching for "programs that enhance learning" in the category of Innovation in Curricula, Learning and Teaching. From 2017 to 2019 the program was rolled out across Macquarie University as a broader Research Enrichment Program that bridged into humanities, medicine and cognitive science.
27:
90:
schemes that arranges plant species along dimensions of measurable traits. This research investigated important trade-offs that govern diversification of strategies of plants in order to understand the similarities and differences across species. Westoby was a leader in the communal effort to compile
349:
Kunstler, G., Falster, D., Coomes, D.A., Hui, F., Kooyman, R.M., Laughlin, D.C., Poorter, L., Vanderwel, M., Vieilledent, G., Wright, S.J., Aiba, M., Baraloto, C., Caspersen, J., Cornelissen, J.H.C., Gourlet-Fleury, S., Hanewinkel, M., Herault, B., Kattge, J., Kurokawa, H., Onoda, Y., Peñuelas, J.,
181:
in arid zones. His model for herbivore diet optimization under multiple constraints subsequently stimulated the "nutritional geometry" of
Simpson and Raubenheimer. His experimental work on plant mortality in relation to growth in crowded stands (the "self-thinning rule"), subsequently has found use
1493:
Madin JS, Nielsen DA, Brbic M, Corkrey R, Danko D, Edwards K, Engqvist MKM, Fierer N, Geoghegan JL, Gillings M, Kyrpides NC, Litchman E, Mason CE, Moore L, Nielsen SL, Paulsen IT, Price ND, Reddy TBK, Richards MA, Rocha EPC, Schmidt TM, Shaaban H, Shukla M, Supek F, Tetu SG, Vieira-Silva S, Wattam
193:
From the 1990s onward, he carried ecological strategy research into a new phase by shifting focus away from abstract concepts such as "stress" and instead onto measurable traits such as leaf thickness or seed size. This made it possible to express species differences along trait-dimensions. He has
661:
Wright, I.J., Reich, P.B., Westoby, M., Ackerly, D.D., Baruch, Z., Bongers, F., Cavender-Bares, J., Chapin, F.S., Cornelissen, J.H.C., Diemer, M., Flexas, J., Garnier, E., Groom, P.K., Gulias, J., Hikosaka, K., Lamont, B.B., Lee, T., Lee, W., Lusk, C., Midgley, J.J., Navas, M.-L., Niinemets, Ü.,
290:
Wright, I.J., Reich, P.B., Westoby, M., Ackerly, D.D., Baruch, Z., Bongers, F., Cavender-Bares, J., Chapin, F.S., Cornelissen, J.H.C., Diemer, M., Flexas, J., Garnier, E., Groom, P.K., Gulias, J., Hikosaka, K., Lamont, B.B., Lee, T., Lee, W., Lusk, C., Midgley, J.J., Navas, M.-L., Niinemets, Ü.,
466:
From 2005 to 2016, he led and promoted the
Macquarie University Genes to Geoscience Research Enrichment Program. This was a federation of labs mainly at Macquarie University that offered 15–20 masterclasses each year for PhD students and postdocs. The success of the program for training life
350:
Poorter, H., Uriarte, M., Richardson, S., Ruiz-Benito, P., Sun, I.F., Ståhl, G., Swenson, N.G., Thompson, J., Westerlund, B., Wirth, C., Zavala, M.A., Zeng, H., Zimmerman, J.K., Zimmermann, N.E. & Westoby, M. (2016) Plant functional traits have globally consistent effects on competition.
197:
One of
Westoby's distinct contributions has been to establish and nurture international collaborative networks. From 2005 to 2010 Westoby led the Australian Research Council Australia-New Zealand Research Network for Vegetation Function which mentored postgraduate students and early career
182:
in vegetation models. He put forward an interpretation of the triploid endosperm of angiosperms based on parent-offspring conflict and kinship coefficients. This gave rise to the parent-offspring conflict interpretation of genomic imprinting. He proposed state-and-transition language for
131:, which is where he met plant ecologist and fellow PhD candidate, Barbara Louise Rice (1944–2009). Westoby attained his PhD from Utah State University in 1973; in late 1974 he and Rice married before moving to Australia in early 1975. When Westoby began a lectureship at
397:
Together
Westoby and Rice collaborated on research and mentored many early career researchers in the Macquarie Ecology Group. Fifty-two members of the Ecology Group have entered continuing careers in universities or research agencies, both in Australia and overseas.
122:
Westoby was born 21 September 1947, in London, England to
Florence May (née Jackson) and Jack Cecil Westoby. The family moved to Geneva when he was 4, and subsequently to Rome. He went to boarding school at Caterham, south of London, then to the
194:
also worked on clarifying particular dimensions of ecological variation. For example, leaf construction cost can link to leaf lifespan and nutrient economy and ultimately to plant growth trajectories (the so-called "leaf economic spectrum").
365:
458:
Between 2001 and 2012 Westoby initiated and organised annual one-day courses for
Australian postgraduate students which focused on current research in ecology and evolution. They continue in association with annual meetings of
147:. He is most noted for his research on ecological strategy schemes, "trait ecology", the leaf economic spectrum, and the seed-size number trade-off. He chose to focus on plants because they have strong control over terrestrial
1188:"Genomic imprinting in endosperm: its effect on seed development in crosses between species, and between different ploidies of the same species, and its implications for the evolution of apomixis"
291:
Oleksyn, J., Osada, N., Poorter, H., Poot, P., Prior, L., P'yankov, V.I., Roumet, C., Thomas, S.C., Tjoelker, M.G., Veneklaas, E.J. & Villar, R. (2004) The world-wide leaf economics spectrum.
186:. This approach is now mandated by Congress for management of US federal rangelands. State-and-transition thinking flowed also into resilience concepts, notably through the Stockholm-based
506:
Australian Award for
University Teaching in the category of Innovation in Curricula, Learning and Teaching (as part of team), for the Genes to Geoscience Research Enrichment Program (2012)
162:
suppressing strategies that are less efficient or less competitive. Strategy theory aims to arrange plant species in patterns according to their ecologies. It plays a role similar to
1905:
519:
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researchers from across
Australia and overseas. Over the life of the Network 134 postgraduate students and early career researchers participated in a range of working groups.
95:. Earlier in his career Westoby created a state-and-transition approach to managing ecosystem change that has been widely adopted (for example, being mandatory throughout
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Westoby, M., Falster, D.S., Moles, A.T., Vesk, P.A. & Wright, I.J. (2002) Plant ecological strategies: some leading dimensions of variation between species.
476:
662:
Oleksyn, J., Osada, N., Poorter, H., Poot, P., Prior, L., P'yankov, V.I., Roumet, C., Thomas, S.C., Tjoelker, M.G., Veneklaas, E.J. & Villar, R. (2004).
363:
Falster, D.S., Brännström, Å., Westoby, M. & Dieckmann, U. (2017) Multitrait successional forest dynamics enable diverse competitive coexistence.
276:
1651:
1773:
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379:
Westoby M, Gillings MR, Madin JS, Nielsen DA, Paulsen IT, Tetu SG. 2021. Trait dimensions in bacteria and archaea compared to vascular plants.
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Moles, A.T., Ackerly, D.D., Webb, C.O., Tweddle, J.C., Dickie, J.B. & Westoby, M. (2005) A brief history of seed size.
135:, Sydney, he started the Macquarie Ecology Group which, over time, became a leading influence in Australian plant ecology.
447:
423:
127:, Scotland to complete a Bachelor of Science in 1970. He then moved to America to undertake a PhD in wildlife ecology at
1587:
1428:
Lenters, T.P, Henderson, A., Dracxler C.M., Elias, G.A., Mogue Kamga, S., Couvreure, T.L.P., and
Kissling, W.D (2021).
513:
500:
323:
McGill, B.J., Enquist, B.J., Weiher, E. & Westoby, M. (2006) Rebuilding community ecology from functional traits.
960:
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trait data worldwide, and is currently working on a similar approach to ecological strategies across bacteria and
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167:
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Westoby, M., Walker, B. & Noy-Meir, I. (1989) Opportunistic Management for Rangelands Not at Equilibrium.
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1385:"Evolutionary divergences in leaf structure and chemistry, comparing rainfall and soil nutrient gradients"
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approach to diet optimization under multiple constraints, and the kin-conflict interpretation of the
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52:
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1430:"Integration and harmonization of trait data from plant individuals across heterogeneous sources"
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Westoby, M., Jurado, E. & Leishman, M. (1992) Comparative evolutionary ecology of seed size.
100:
76:
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The ecological strategies of plants can be understood in terms of cost-benefit trade-offs, with
1732:
Richard Bardgett, Amy Austin, Yvonne Buckley, Jane Catford, David Gibson and Mark Rees (2016).
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in American arid zones and originated the pulse-reserve paradigm used by Noy-Meir to interpret
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Westoby, M. & Wright, I.J. (2006) Land-plant ecology on the basis of functional traits.
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The nature of nutrition: a unifying framework from animal adaptation to human obesity
761:
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for distinguished research in the natural sciences, from Royal Society of NSW (2005)
713:
525:
443:
434:, who received the Fenner Medal Australian Academy of Science), Michelle Leishman (
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1029:"Multi-trait successional dynamics enable rich competitive coexistence in forests"
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227:
111:
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489:
Inaugural Ralph Slatyer Medal "for outstanding biological research", ANU (2017)
253:
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663:
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174:
148:
107:
96:
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1125:
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Westoby, M. (1998) A leaf-height-seed (LHS) plant ecology strategy scheme.
374:
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202:
104:
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696:
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1774:"State's leading scientists, engineers honoured at prestigious awards"
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1094:"Evolution of the seed plants and inclusive fitness of plant tissues"
1330:
1264:
1109:
386:
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201:
Westoby’s current work aims for ecological strategy schemes across
1249:"Opportunistic range management for rangelands not at equilibrium"
898:
75:(born 21 September 1947) is an Australian evolutionary ecologist,
479:
Award in the category of Ecology and Conservation Biology (2021)
442:
who is also a Fellow of the Australian Academy of Science), and
1027:
Falster DS, Brannstrom A, Westoby M, & Dieckmann U (2017).
861:"An analysis of diet selection by large generalist herbivores"
20:
1496:"A synthesis of bacterial and archaeal phenotypic trait data"
1141:"Parent-specific gene expression and the triploid endosperm"
1401:
10.1890/0012-9615(1999)069[0569:EDILSA]2.0.CO;2
1315:"Past, present and future of state and transition language"
531:
Gold Medal for research and postgraduate leadership, from
190:
which has applied them to boundaries of the earth system.
1383:
Cunningham, S.A., B. Summerhayes and M. Westoby (1999).
286:
https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.ecolsys.33.010802.150452
1708:"Inaugural Ralph Slatyer medal awarded to Mark Westoby"
1685:
American Academy of Arts and Sciences members directory
44:
603:"Land-plant ecology on the basis of functional traits"
222:(eds A. MacFadyen & E.D. Ford), pp. 167–225.
1772:
NSW Chief Scientist and Engineer (20 October 2014).
1616:"2021 awardees | Australian Academy of Science"
959:
Stephen J. Simpson & David Raubenheimer (2012).
463:
and attract around 100 research students each year.
1354:"States and transitions: the trajectory of an idea"
744:Westoby, M., Jurado, E. & Leishman, M. (1992).
438:, who also received the Clarke Medal), Ian Wright (
1712:Research School of Biology, ANU College of Science
173:Westoby began his career researching the diets of
1247:Westoby, M., B.H. Walker and I. Noy-Meir (1989).
454:Contributions to research training beyond own lab
914:"What are the biological bases of varied diets?"
1192:Philosophical Transactions: Biological Sciences
1033:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
746:"Comparative evolutionary ecology of seed size"
520:Fellowship in the Australian Academy of Science
366:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
1778:Office of the NSW Chief Scientist and Engineer
1738:British Ecological Society: Journal of Ecology
830:"Desert ecosystems: environment and producers"
564:BBVA Foundation: Frontiers of knowledge Award
492:"Eminent ecologist" virtual special issue of
426:, who received the Christopher Heyde Medal),
406:Notable postgraduate students of his include
393:Supervision and influences beyond his own lab
228:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0065-2504(08)60171-3
8:
1906:Fellows of the Australian Academy of Science
1757:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
1588:"Michelle Leishman Awarded the Clarke Medal"
1550:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
1478:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
1457:11245.1/658eb4cc-5f1f-4ca9-8549-e92b5035c646
1413:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
1295:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
1232:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
1077:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
782:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
726:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
643:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
254:https://doi.org/10.1016/0169-5347(92)90006-W
1652:"Australian Awards for University Teaching"
218:Westoby, M. (1984) The Self-Thinning Rule.
799:"Desert ecosystems: higher trophic levels"
345:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tree.2006.02.004
332:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tree.2006.02.002
277:Annual Review of Ecology & Systematics
184:managing vegetation dynamics on rangelands
1527:
1455:
1445:
1272:
1054:
1044:
695:
402:Postgraduate research students supervised
1850:Ecological Society of Australia (2021).
834:Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics
803:Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics
664:"The world-wide leaf economics spectrum"
601:Westoby, M., & Wright, I.J. (2006).
1358:Israel Journal of Ecology and Evolution
545:
375:https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1610206114
319:https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1104863
270:https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1004327224729
1901:Academic staff of Macquarie University
1798:Australian Academy of Science (2021).
1750:
1543:
1471:
1406:
1288:
1225:
1070:
775:
719:
636:
477:BBVA Foundation Frontiers of Knowledge
1891:Alumni of the University of Edinburgh
1646:
1644:
1308:
1306:
582:Biological Sciences (16 March 2015).
484:American Academy of Arts and Sciences
83:, and a specialist in trait ecology.
7:
1352:Walker B.H., and Westoby M. (2011).
1016:– via Elsevier Science Direct.
772:– via Elsevier Science Direct.
739:
737:
656:
654:
577:
575:
573:
553:
551:
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99:in the U.S.). He also initiated the
86:He is best known for an approach to
1494:AR, Westfall A, Westoby M. (2020).
846:10.1146/annurev.es.04.110173.000325
815:10.1146/annurev.es.05.110174.001211
482:Elected honorary foreign member of
450:, awarded the Nancy Millis Medal).
359:https://doi.org/10.1038/nature16476
303:https://doi.org/10.1038/nature02403
155:for all the other species present.
338:Trends in Ecology & Evolution,
325:Trends in Ecology & Evolution,
14:
1824:The Royal Society of NSW (2021).
1186:Haig, D., and M. Westoby (1991).
1092:Westoby, M. and B. Rice. (1982).
607:Trends in Ecology & Evolution
387:https://doi.org/10.1111/ele.13742
245:Trends in Ecology & Evolution
16:Australian evolutionary ecologist
1139:Haig, D. and M. Westoby (1989).
584:"Barbara Louise Rice, 1944–2009"
25:
1856:Ecological Society of Australia
992:Advances in Ecological Research
750:Trends in Ecology and Evolution
560:"Frontiers of Knowledge Awards"
533:Ecological Society of Australia
461:Ecological Society of Australia
220:Advances in Ecological Research
965:. Princeton University Press.
510:Australian Laureate Fellowship
1:
1852:"ESA Gold Medal Past Winners"
1804:Australian Academy of Science
1341:– via CSIRO Publishing.
1313:Walker BH, Westoby M (2020).
1004:10.1016/S0065-2504(08)60171-3
1896:Utah State University alumni
1447:10.1016/j.ecoinf.2020.101206
762:10.1016/0169-5347(92)90006-W
234:Journal of Range Management,
143:Westoby's research field is
1635:mark Westoby Wordpress site
1253:Journal of Range Management
848:– via Annual Reviews.
817:– via Annual Reviews.
514:Australian Research Council
1922:
828:Noy-Meir, Imanuel (1973).
797:Noy-Meir, Imanuel (1974).
619:10.1016/j.tree.2006.02.004
151:, providing resources and
34:This biographical article
1734:"Eminent Ecologist Award"
1520:10.1038/s41597-020-0497-4
1830:The Royal Society of NSW
1800:"Professor Mark Westoby"
1706:ANU (21 February 2017).
988:"The self-thinning rule"
118:Early life and education
1145:The American Naturalist
1046:10.1073/pnas.1610206114
918:The American Naturalist
866:The American Naturalist
631:Elsevier Science Direct
125:University of Edinburgh
1659:Universities Australia
1629:Westoby, Mark (2020).
1567:"Previous Lab Members"
1565:Westoby, Mark (2021).
1434:Ecological Informatics
1370:10.1560/IJEE.57.1-2.17
1212:10.1098/rstb.1991.0057
986:Westoby, Mark (1984).
912:Westoby, Mark (1978).
859:Westoby, Mark (1974).
558:BBVA (February 2021).
471:Awards and recognition
170:diagram in astronomy.
1886:Australian ecologists
1389:Ecological Monographs
1319:The Rangeland Journal
501:Scientist of the Year
166:in psychology or the
129:Utah State University
47:by revising it to be
588:Macquarie University
440:Macquarie University
436:Macquarie University
432:University of Sydney
420:Macquarie University
164:personality theories
145:evolutionary ecology
133:Macquarie University
81:Macquarie University
1512:2020NatSD...7..170M
1204:1991RSPTB.333....1H
1039:(13): E2719–E2728.
688:10.1038/nature02403
680:2004Natur.428..821W
188:Resilience Alliance
88:ecological strategy
1826:"The Clarke Medal"
1372:– via BRILL.
1222:– via JSTOR.
1175:– via JSTOR.
1128:– via JSTOR.
948:– via JSTOR.
494:Journal of Ecology
101:linear programming
77:emeritus professor
674:(6985): 821–827.
422:), David Warton (
160:natural selection
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1259:: 266–274.
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516:(2011–2015)
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1870:Categories
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540:References
408:David Haig
385:in press.
175:herbivores
149:ecosystems
97:rangelands
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1098:Evolution
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357:204–207.
343:261–268.
330:178–185.
317:576–580.
301:821–827.
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105:triploid
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352:Nature,
310:Science
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153:habitat
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43:Please
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1809:10 May
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