1953:
1965:
1666:
1941:
1654:
53:
1929:
1763:, depicting a policy supporting the economic aspects of liberalism, without necessarily including the political aspects of liberalism. In some political spheres, market liberalism refers to an economically liberal society that also provides a minimal to moderate-sized welfare state for its citizens.
1813:
Although the term 'liberalism' retains its original meaning in most of the world, it has unfortunately come to have a very different meaning in late twentieth-century
America. Hence terms such as "market liberalism," "classical liberalism," or "libertarianism" are often used in its place in
996:
1021:
991:
1696:
1073:
1026:
146:
1416:
1006:
1495:
1540:
1334:
1113:
1366:
1227:
1175:
1170:
1779:
1483:
1195:
1046:
648:
1892:
1406:
1304:
1252:
1190:
1185:
1123:
791:
1411:
1036:
1689:
1446:
1995:
1473:
378:
841:
410:
1990:
1354:
1319:
1299:
1232:
1682:
1344:
921:
388:
282:
811:
1919:
1396:
1061:
846:
528:
373:
1507:
1401:
1011:
801:
481:
467:
1294:
1279:
1145:
1041:
292:
99:
896:
781:
1858:
1599:
1478:
1421:
1309:
1274:
1133:
1088:
1001:
836:
678:
226:
191:
72:
1512:
1488:
1456:
1426:
1391:
1386:
1361:
1222:
1140:
1016:
986:
211:
771:
613:
1957:
1633:
1555:
1530:
1502:
1461:
1441:
1431:
1376:
1314:
1289:
1205:
1200:
1165:
1150:
1103:
1098:
1093:
1083:
1078:
1031:
926:
901:
891:
796:
628:
513:
455:
1713:
1621:
1436:
1381:
1371:
1349:
1329:
1324:
1284:
1269:
1247:
1210:
1160:
1118:
1108:
1068:
588:
578:
553:
462:
415:
260:
134:
129:
124:
67:
1985:
1760:
1616:
1264:
1237:
1180:
1128:
911:
683:
623:
573:
346:
265:
206:
139:
109:
104:
77:
36:
786:
1804:
1717:
1339:
1242:
1155:
951:
886:
341:
321:
158:
603:
1841:
1945:
1906:
1898:
1888:
1733:
1658:
931:
688:
618:
593:
583:
563:
383:
270:
201:
163:
1933:
1880:
1737:
1725:
1574:
1567:
906:
856:
826:
821:
766:
673:
658:
633:
568:
538:
405:
356:
331:
314:
309:
243:
168:
94:
82:
52:
1969:
1872:
1670:
966:
956:
941:
861:
851:
831:
723:
703:
663:
638:
548:
442:
430:
420:
361:
221:
216:
87:
1876:
1808:
1721:
1638:
1611:
1606:
1579:
1535:
881:
871:
816:
693:
668:
643:
608:
558:
498:
425:
326:
287:
277:
151:
119:
1964:
1665:
1979:
1862:
1784:
1773:
1749:
1745:
1712:
is used in two distinct ways. In the United States, the term is used as a synonym to
1594:
916:
876:
806:
776:
743:
738:
718:
598:
523:
435:
298:
114:
1741:
1729:
1628:
961:
936:
866:
713:
543:
533:
336:
1940:
1653:
1866:
946:
748:
733:
708:
503:
488:
395:
248:
196:
1884:
1825:
1584:
1550:
1545:
1215:
728:
518:
493:
400:
253:
233:
44:
17:
1910:
1451:
653:
173:
1928:
1589:
1562:
1466:
1257:
508:
351:
698:
304:
238:
368:
1902:
1830:
Whose ABC? The
Australian Broadcasting Corporation, 1983–2006
1805:"The Achievements of Nineteenth-Century Classical Liberalism"
1917:
997:
Alliance of
Liberals and Democrats for Europe Party
1716:. In this sense, market liberalism depicts a
1690:
1022:International Alliance of Libertarian Parties
992:Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe
8:
1832:. Melbourne, Australia: Black Inc. p. 100.
1697:
1683:
31:
1027:International Federation of Liberal Youth
1924:
1796:
1007:Council of Asian Liberals and Democrats
43:
7:
1861:(2008). "Liberalism, Classical". In
1842:"What Is a Liberal Market Economy?"
1780:Libertarianism in the United States
1047:Liberal South East European Network
1868:The Encyclopedia of Libertarianism
1755:In Europe and elsewhere, the term
25:
1037:Liberal Network for Latin America
470:(contributions to liberal theory)
1963:
1951:
1939:
1927:
1664:
1652:
51:
1759:is often used as a synonym to
411:Separation of church and state
1:
2012:
1885:10.4135/9781412965811.n179
1634:Sexually liberal feminism
1541:Bias in American academia
1012:European Democratic Party
468:List of liberal theorists
293:Labor theory of property
1002:Arab Liberal Federation
192:Consent of the governed
1996:Libertarianism by form
1017:European Liberal Youth
987:Africa Liberal Network
212:Economic globalization
1871:. Thousand Oaks, CA:
1659:Liberalism portal
1531:Anti-authoritarianism
1032:Liberal International
1991:Classical liberalism
1879:. pp. 295–298.
1714:classical liberalism
463:Age of Enlightenment
416:Separation of powers
1761:economic liberalism
1671:Politics portal
374:Civil and political
347:Popular sovereignty
207:Economic liberalism
1718:political ideology
342:Permissive society
322:Limited government
27:Political ideology
1757:market liberalism
1736:, which combines
1734:social liberalism
1710:Market liberalism
1707:
1706:
1546:Bias in the media
1062:Regional variants
379:Natural and legal
16:(Redirected from
2003:
1968:
1967:
1956:
1955:
1954:
1944:
1943:
1932:
1931:
1923:
1914:
1845:
1839:
1833:
1823:
1817:
1816:
1801:
1738:personal liberty
1726:personal liberty
1699:
1692:
1685:
1669:
1668:
1657:
1656:
1575:Economic freedom
1568:Radical centrism
406:Secular humanism
332:Natural monopoly
283:Internationalism
100:Internationalist
55:
32:
21:
2011:
2010:
2006:
2005:
2004:
2002:
2001:
2000:
1976:
1975:
1974:
1962:
1952:
1950:
1938:
1926:
1918:
1895:
1857:
1854:
1852:Further reading
1849:
1848:
1840:
1836:
1824:
1820:
1803:
1802:
1798:
1793:
1769:
1732:in contrast to
1703:
1663:
1651:
1644:
1643:
1526:
1518:
1517:
1320:North Macedonia
1064:
1054:
1053:
1052:
1051:
1042:Liberal parties
980:
972:
971:
762:
754:
753:
484:
474:
473:
458:
448:
447:
443:State of nature
431:Social services
421:Social contract
384:To own property
187:
179:
178:
63:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2009:
2007:
1999:
1998:
1993:
1988:
1978:
1977:
1973:
1972:
1960:
1958:Libertarianism
1948:
1936:
1916:
1915:
1894:978-1412965804
1893:
1877:Cato Institute
1863:Hamowy, Ronald
1853:
1850:
1847:
1846:
1834:
1818:
1809:Cato Institute
1795:
1794:
1792:
1789:
1788:
1787:
1782:
1777:
1768:
1765:
1722:market economy
1720:, combining a
1705:
1704:
1702:
1701:
1694:
1687:
1679:
1676:
1675:
1674:
1673:
1661:
1646:
1645:
1642:
1641:
1639:Utilitarianism
1636:
1631:
1626:
1625:
1624:
1619:
1612:Libertarianism
1609:
1607:Land value tax
1604:
1603:
1602:
1592:
1587:
1582:
1580:Egalitarianism
1577:
1572:
1571:
1570:
1560:
1559:
1558:
1548:
1543:
1538:
1536:Anti-communism
1533:
1527:
1525:Related topics
1524:
1523:
1520:
1519:
1516:
1515:
1510:
1505:
1500:
1499:
1498:
1493:
1492:
1491:
1481:
1479:Arizona School
1471:
1470:
1469:
1464:
1459:
1454:
1447:United Kingdom
1444:
1439:
1434:
1429:
1424:
1419:
1414:
1409:
1404:
1399:
1394:
1389:
1384:
1379:
1374:
1369:
1364:
1359:
1358:
1357:
1347:
1342:
1337:
1332:
1327:
1322:
1317:
1312:
1307:
1302:
1297:
1292:
1287:
1282:
1277:
1272:
1267:
1262:
1261:
1260:
1250:
1245:
1240:
1235:
1230:
1225:
1220:
1219:
1218:
1208:
1203:
1198:
1193:
1188:
1183:
1178:
1173:
1168:
1163:
1158:
1153:
1148:
1143:
1138:
1137:
1136:
1126:
1121:
1116:
1111:
1106:
1101:
1096:
1091:
1086:
1081:
1076:
1071:
1065:
1060:
1059:
1056:
1055:
1050:
1049:
1044:
1039:
1034:
1029:
1024:
1019:
1014:
1009:
1004:
999:
994:
989:
983:
982:
981:
978:
977:
974:
973:
970:
969:
964:
959:
954:
949:
944:
939:
934:
929:
924:
919:
914:
909:
904:
899:
894:
889:
884:
879:
874:
869:
864:
859:
854:
849:
844:
839:
834:
829:
824:
819:
814:
809:
804:
799:
794:
789:
784:
779:
774:
769:
763:
760:
759:
756:
755:
752:
751:
746:
741:
736:
731:
726:
721:
716:
711:
706:
701:
696:
691:
686:
681:
676:
671:
666:
661:
656:
651:
646:
641:
636:
631:
626:
621:
616:
611:
606:
601:
596:
591:
586:
581:
576:
574:Wollstonecraft
571:
566:
561:
556:
551:
546:
541:
536:
531:
526:
521:
516:
511:
506:
501:
496:
491:
485:
480:
479:
476:
475:
472:
471:
465:
459:
454:
453:
450:
449:
446:
445:
440:
439:
438:
433:
426:Social justice
423:
418:
413:
408:
403:
398:
393:
392:
391:
386:
381:
376:
366:
365:
364:
359:
349:
344:
339:
334:
329:
327:Market economy
324:
319:
318:
317:
312:
302:
295:
290:
288:Invisible hand
285:
280:
278:Harm principle
275:
274:
273:
268:
263:
258:
257:
256:
251:
236:
231:
230:
229:
224:
214:
209:
204:
199:
194:
188:
185:
184:
181:
180:
177:
176:
171:
166:
161:
156:
155:
154:
149:
144:
143:
142:
127:
122:
117:
112:
107:
102:
97:
92:
91:
90:
80:
75:
70:
64:
61:
60:
57:
56:
48:
47:
41:
40:
26:
24:
18:Market liberal
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2008:
1997:
1994:
1992:
1989:
1987:
1984:
1983:
1981:
1971:
1966:
1961:
1959:
1949:
1947:
1942:
1937:
1935:
1930:
1925:
1921:
1912:
1908:
1904:
1900:
1896:
1890:
1886:
1882:
1878:
1874:
1870:
1869:
1864:
1860:
1859:Conway, David
1856:
1855:
1851:
1843:
1838:
1835:
1831:
1827:
1822:
1819:
1815:
1810:
1806:
1800:
1797:
1790:
1786:
1785:Neoliberalism
1783:
1781:
1778:
1776:
1775:
1774:Laissez-faire
1771:
1770:
1766:
1764:
1762:
1758:
1753:
1751:
1750:welfare state
1747:
1746:mixed economy
1744:along with a
1743:
1739:
1735:
1731:
1727:
1723:
1719:
1715:
1711:
1700:
1695:
1693:
1688:
1686:
1681:
1680:
1678:
1677:
1672:
1667:
1662:
1660:
1655:
1650:
1649:
1648:
1647:
1640:
1637:
1635:
1632:
1630:
1627:
1623:
1620:
1618:
1615:
1614:
1613:
1610:
1608:
1605:
1601:
1598:
1597:
1596:
1595:Individualism
1593:
1591:
1588:
1586:
1583:
1581:
1578:
1576:
1573:
1569:
1566:
1565:
1564:
1561:
1557:
1554:
1553:
1552:
1549:
1547:
1544:
1542:
1539:
1537:
1534:
1532:
1529:
1528:
1522:
1521:
1514:
1511:
1509:
1506:
1504:
1501:
1497:
1494:
1490:
1487:
1486:
1485:
1482:
1480:
1477:
1476:
1475:
1474:United States
1472:
1468:
1465:
1463:
1460:
1458:
1455:
1453:
1450:
1449:
1448:
1445:
1443:
1440:
1438:
1435:
1433:
1430:
1428:
1425:
1423:
1420:
1418:
1415:
1413:
1410:
1408:
1405:
1403:
1400:
1398:
1395:
1393:
1390:
1388:
1385:
1383:
1380:
1378:
1375:
1373:
1370:
1368:
1365:
1363:
1360:
1356:
1353:
1352:
1351:
1348:
1346:
1343:
1341:
1338:
1336:
1333:
1331:
1328:
1326:
1323:
1321:
1318:
1316:
1313:
1311:
1308:
1306:
1303:
1301:
1298:
1296:
1293:
1291:
1288:
1286:
1283:
1281:
1278:
1276:
1273:
1271:
1268:
1266:
1263:
1259:
1256:
1255:
1254:
1251:
1249:
1246:
1244:
1241:
1239:
1236:
1234:
1231:
1229:
1226:
1224:
1221:
1217:
1214:
1213:
1212:
1209:
1207:
1204:
1202:
1199:
1197:
1194:
1192:
1189:
1187:
1184:
1182:
1179:
1177:
1174:
1172:
1169:
1167:
1164:
1162:
1159:
1157:
1154:
1152:
1149:
1147:
1144:
1142:
1139:
1135:
1132:
1131:
1130:
1127:
1125:
1122:
1120:
1117:
1115:
1112:
1110:
1107:
1105:
1102:
1100:
1097:
1095:
1092:
1090:
1087:
1085:
1082:
1080:
1077:
1075:
1074:Latin America
1072:
1070:
1067:
1066:
1063:
1058:
1057:
1048:
1045:
1043:
1040:
1038:
1035:
1033:
1030:
1028:
1025:
1023:
1020:
1018:
1015:
1013:
1010:
1008:
1005:
1003:
1000:
998:
995:
993:
990:
988:
985:
984:
979:Organizations
976:
975:
968:
965:
963:
960:
958:
955:
953:
950:
948:
945:
943:
940:
938:
935:
933:
930:
928:
925:
923:
920:
918:
915:
913:
910:
908:
905:
903:
900:
898:
895:
893:
890:
888:
885:
883:
880:
878:
875:
873:
870:
868:
865:
863:
860:
858:
855:
853:
850:
848:
845:
843:
840:
838:
835:
833:
830:
828:
825:
823:
820:
818:
815:
813:
810:
808:
805:
803:
800:
798:
795:
793:
790:
788:
785:
783:
780:
778:
775:
773:
770:
768:
765:
764:
758:
757:
750:
747:
745:
742:
740:
737:
735:
732:
730:
727:
725:
722:
720:
717:
715:
712:
710:
707:
705:
702:
700:
697:
695:
692:
690:
687:
685:
682:
680:
677:
675:
672:
670:
667:
665:
662:
660:
657:
655:
652:
650:
647:
645:
642:
640:
637:
635:
632:
630:
627:
625:
622:
620:
617:
615:
612:
610:
607:
605:
602:
600:
597:
595:
592:
590:
587:
585:
582:
580:
577:
575:
572:
570:
567:
565:
562:
560:
557:
555:
552:
550:
547:
545:
542:
540:
537:
535:
532:
530:
527:
525:
522:
520:
517:
515:
512:
510:
507:
505:
502:
500:
497:
495:
492:
490:
487:
486:
483:
478:
477:
469:
466:
464:
461:
460:
457:
452:
451:
444:
441:
437:
436:Welfare state
434:
432:
429:
428:
427:
424:
422:
419:
417:
414:
412:
409:
407:
404:
402:
399:
397:
394:
390:
387:
385:
382:
380:
377:
375:
372:
371:
370:
367:
363:
360:
358:
355:
354:
353:
350:
348:
345:
343:
340:
338:
335:
333:
330:
328:
325:
323:
320:
316:
313:
311:
308:
307:
306:
303:
301:
300:
299:Laissez-faire
296:
294:
291:
289:
286:
284:
281:
279:
276:
272:
269:
267:
264:
262:
259:
255:
252:
250:
247:
246:
245:
242:
241:
240:
237:
235:
232:
228:
225:
223:
220:
219:
218:
215:
213:
210:
208:
205:
203:
200:
198:
195:
193:
190:
189:
183:
182:
175:
172:
170:
167:
165:
162:
160:
157:
153:
150:
148:
145:
141:
138:
137:
136:
133:
132:
131:
128:
126:
123:
121:
118:
116:
113:
111:
108:
106:
103:
101:
98:
96:
93:
89:
86:
85:
84:
81:
79:
76:
74:
71:
69:
66:
65:
59:
58:
54:
50:
49:
46:
42:
38:
34:
33:
30:
19:
1867:
1837:
1829:
1821:
1812:
1799:
1772:
1756:
1754:
1742:human rights
1730:human rights
1709:
1708:
1629:Pirate Party
1489:Jeffersonian
1397:South Africa
887:Lloyd George
482:Philosophers
389:To bear arms
337:Open society
297:
73:Conservative
29:
1826:Inglis, Ken
1457:Gladstonian
1417:Switzerland
1402:South Korea
1345:Philippines
1305:New Zealand
1300:Netherlands
957:Verhofstadt
952:Balcerowicz
761:Politicians
689:Collingwood
629:Tocqueville
504:Montesquieu
396:Rule of law
197:Due process
1986:Liberalism
1980:Categories
1946:Liberalism
1903:2008009151
1791:References
1585:Empiricism
1556:Democratic
1551:Capitalism
1462:Manchester
1295:Montenegro
1280:Luxembourg
1216:Venizelism
1146:Costa Rica
401:Secularism
234:Federalism
186:Principles
45:Liberalism
1934:Economics
1911:750831024
1600:Anarchist
1508:Venezuela
1484:Classical
1452:Cobdenism
1355:Cracovian
1310:Nicaragua
1275:Lithuania
1134:Hong Kong
1089:Australia
927:Roosevelt
897:Ståhlberg
892:Venizelos
847:Sarmiento
837:Gladstone
797:Lamartine
767:Jefferson
619:Martineau
569:De Gouges
554:Condorcet
539:Priestley
202:Democracy
174:Third Way
135:Christian
130:Religious
68:Classical
1970:Politics
1828:(2006).
1814:America.
1767:See also
1590:Humanism
1563:Centrism
1513:Zimbabwe
1467:Whiggism
1427:Thailand
1392:Slovenia
1387:Slovakia
1362:Portugal
1335:Paraguay
1258:Liberism
1223:Honduras
1141:Colombia
1114:Bulgaria
907:Rathenau
882:Milyukov
802:Macaulay
772:Kołłątaj
744:Kymlicka
724:Friedman
669:Cassirer
659:Hobhouse
594:Constant
589:Humboldt
549:Beccaria
514:Rousseau
509:Voltaire
352:Property
315:Positive
310:Negative
266:Religion
244:Economic
217:Equality
140:Catholic
110:National
105:Muscular
83:Feminist
78:Cultural
37:a series
35:Part of
1920:Portals
1865:(ed.).
1503:Uruguay
1442:Ukraine
1432:Tunisia
1377:Senegal
1367:Romania
1315:Nigeria
1290:Moldova
1233:Iceland
1228:Hungary
1206:Germany
1201:Georgia
1191:Finland
1186:Estonia
1176:Ecuador
1171:Denmark
1166:Czechia
1151:Croatia
1104:Bolivia
1099:Belgium
1094:Austria
1084:Armenia
1079:Albania
947:Jenkins
942:Kennedy
932:Pearson
917:Einaudi
902:Gokhale
862:Itagaki
857:Naoroji
852:Mommsen
832:Lincoln
822:Mazzini
807:Kossuth
792:Broglie
787:Bolívar
782:Artigas
777:Madison
639:Spencer
624:Emerson
614:Bastiat
599:Ricardo
559:Bentham
499:Spinoza
456:History
357:Private
305:Liberty
239:Freedom
159:Secular
147:Islamic
125:Radical
62:Schools
1909:
1901:
1891:
1496:Modern
1437:Turkey
1422:Taiwan
1412:Sweden
1382:Serbia
1372:Russia
1350:Poland
1330:Panama
1325:Norway
1285:Mexico
1270:Latvia
1248:Israel
1211:Greece
1196:France
1161:Cyprus
1119:Canada
1109:Brazil
1069:Europe
967:Macron
912:Madero
877:Deakin
867:Levski
842:Cavour
827:Juárez
817:Cobden
749:Badawi
739:Nozick
719:Berlin
709:Popper
684:Keynes
679:Ortega
644:Arnold
604:Guizot
564:Korais
529:Turgot
489:Milton
369:Rights
362:Public
271:Speech
249:Market
222:Gender
169:Techno
164:Social
152:Jewish
88:Equity
1724:with
1622:Right
1407:Spain
1265:Japan
1253:Italy
1238:India
1181:Egypt
1129:China
1124:Chile
962:Obama
937:Ohlin
872:Kemal
729:Rawls
704:Hayek
694:Čapek
674:Mises
664:Croce
654:Weber
649:Acton
579:Staël
544:Paine
534:Burke
519:Smith
494:Locke
261:Press
254:Trade
227:Legal
95:Green
1907:OCLC
1899:LCCN
1889:ISBN
1873:Sage
1748:and
1740:and
1728:and
1617:Left
1340:Peru
1243:Iran
1156:Cuba
922:King
812:Deák
714:Aron
634:Mill
609:List
524:Kant
120:Ordo
1881:doi
734:Sen
584:Say
115:Neo
1982::
1905:.
1897:.
1887:.
1875:;
1811:.
1807:.
1752:.
699:Hu
39:on
1922::
1913:.
1883::
1844:.
1698:e
1691:t
1684:v
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
