411:. A fire occurred at the hospital in early 1918. Some of the U.S. Army medical personnel who were assigned at various times to the Markleton hospital included Lieutenant Urban Henry Reidt, Lieutenant Joseph Daniel Rosenthal, Lieutenant J.B. Stenbuck, Lieutenant Charles B. Sylvester, Lieutenant James C. Thompson, Captain Henry Kennon Dunham, Captain Samuel M. Marcus, Major Henry Williamson Hoagland, Major John O. Kinter, and Major Benjamin Franklin Van Meter. Some of the nurses who served at the hospital included Ila Broadus; Agnes Julia Hasenfuss, Pauline Wilson, Laura Anderton, Myra F. Rhodes, Edith M. Mitchell, & Miriam A. Wilson; Estella M. Campbell, Mary Homan, & E. Lorraine Green; Josephine Amada Grima Comstock; Edith Head, Margaret A. Pedersen, Sara A. Carr, & Pluma M. Geesey; Anna E. Flood, Urma Klahr Turner Elswick, Grace Louise Sirine Royden, & Grace Sechler; Ruth E. Anderson; Cora L. Field; Florence Dawson & Irene G. Clark; Eugenia Mary Hitchcock, Matilda Clifton, Marie O'Brien, & Helen J. Woodbridge; Flora Hauster, Rava Hughes Kelly, Jennie Wilson Lyons, & Helen W. Ross; and Anna K. Ward.
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336:. Dr. John Dennis Carr worked there from 1899 until 1903. Dr. M. Annie Howe-Anthony, a graduate of the Woman's Medical College of Baltimore, spent a year at the Markleton Sanatorium, during which she was the only female physician present. Asked about her experience there later, she said, "The year at Markleton was an interesting and happy one, for there a woman physician was always honored and treated with the greatest respect." Dr. Hugh S. Maxwell, a 1904 graduate of
400:. The need to find treatment facilities that could serve as tuberculosis hospitals likely influenced the selection of the Markleton Sanatorium as an Army general hospital; it was comparably smaller than other Army general hospitals and it did not have space for easy expansion, but very few owners wanted to lease their buildings for the treatment of tuberculosis patients and the military's need was great.
420:
suited for the purpose of treating tuberculosis patients, and federal officials agreed. While the
Markleton U.S.P.H.S. hospital did operate, though, it again served as the site of another meeting of the Somerset County Medical Society. Eventually, without the flow of people brought in by the sanatorium / hospital, the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad closed its ticket agency at Markleton on Jan. 9, 1924.
51:
448:
constructed another tunnel through
Pinkerton Point as it built its track in 1911. Since the Western Maryland track was on the opposite side of the Casselman River from the B&O track, two bridges were also constructed, allowing trains to travel across the river, through the mountainside, and then
403:
On July 31, 1918, the
Markleton hospital was designated as one of the Army's hospitals focused on "physical reconstruction" in order to help soldiers make as complete a recovery, both mental and physical, as possible; however, the results of the comprehensive physical reconstruction emphasis were not
419:
After serving as U.S. Army
General Hospital No. 17, the building then became U.S. Public Health Service Hospital No. 47, beginning on November 22, 1919. However, this role did not last for long; Public Health Service Hospital No. 47 was closed about a year later. Some believed that it was not best
440:
Pinkerton Point, also known as
Pinkerton Horn, juts out from the mountainside from the northwest to the southeast, forcing the river to bend around it. The Baltimore & Ohio Railroad built a tunnel through the point in 1871. A fire broke out in October 1879, destroying the original tunnel and
283:
In addition to the pulp mill and its equipment, the operation consisted of thirteen two-story houses for workers, plus a home for the superintendent and a boarding house. Unfortunately, the paper mill was not very profitable, and the endeavor was short-lived.
327:
Other figures important to the sanatorium's establishment were
William Borland Neel, Emer Judson McElwee, Oliver Perry Shupe, James J. Neel, Dr. James A. Loar, and Johnston Borndallar Jordan, all of Mount Pleasant; Dr. J.C. McClanathan of
404:
as successful at
Markleton as at other locations, due to its smaller size. General Hospital No. 17 had a capacity for 200 patients, which it reached in August 1918 and consistently maintained until it was closed on March 27, 1919.
2969:
504:, south of the village of Kingwood and north of Fort Hill. Mount Zion Cemetery is located on top of the hill above Markleton, alongside the former Mt. Zion United Brethren Church, which was formed in 1889.
523:
rail line. Across the river from the post office is a trail access area for the Great
Allegheny Passage rail trail. This is the only trail access area with parking between Fort Hill to the southwest and
345:
243:
312:, and they formed the Markleton Hotel Company, which was officially known as the "Markleton Sanitarium and Hotel Company." Dr. Gault had been appointed the first medical director of the
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348:, served as a medical director of the Markleton Sanitarium, and Isaac Slaymaker Diller, a 1912 graduate of the same school, worked at the sanitarium as an assistant physician.
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in order to harvest the abundant trees of the mountainside and manufacture paper products; at least 1,000 acres of this land were purchased from the
Pinkerton Lumber Company.
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General
Hospital No. 17. The facilities were leased on Feb. 25, 1918; personnel arrived in March, and the hospital was opened in April. The hospital was designated by
304:, in late 1886 for the purpose of establishing a combination vacation resort/health sanatorium. Mr. Hitchman was joined in this initiative by Dr. Matthew B. Gault of
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The Markleton Sanatorium was also the site of several meetings of various medical associations, including the Somerset County Medical Society and the Tri-State (
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Resorts and Springs guide for Summer 1905, the sanitarium had a capacity for 150 guests and charged rates from $ 2.50 per day to $ 60.00 per month.
260:, that was built by Robert Philson near the Casselman River sometime around 1810. The forge was not successful, however, and was closed circa 1823.
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necessitating the construction of a rail line following the river around the point. The tunnel was rebuilt, and it reopened in 1885.
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The two main papermill buildings were combined into a grand hotel, and the workers' houses were remodeled as private cottages.
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611:
History of the County of Westmoreland, Pennsylvania, with Biographical Sketches of Many of Its Pioneers and Prominent Men
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Several railroad tunnels were built just downstream from Markleton as the Casselman River flows southwest towards
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Photographic Views of the Baltimore and Ohio Rail Road and Its Branches, From the Lakes to the Sea. First Series
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Annual Report of the Surgeon General of the Public Health Service of the United States for the Fiscal Year 1921
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Annual Report of the Surgeon General of the Public Health Service of the United States for the Fiscal Year 1920
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2227:"Environmental Assessment and Section 4(f) Evaluation: Phase I National Gateway Clearance Initiative"
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15551. The post office is on the western bank of the Casselman River, nestled between the river and
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276:. C.P. Markle & Sons purchased 5,000 acres along the Casselman River in 1881 and constructed a
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Houston & Blaine & Mellette, Florence Wilson & Laura Cowan & Ella Dunn (1916).
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468:'s rail lines that was published in book form in 1872 and digitized by the DeGolyer Library,
344:, was an assistant physician for part of 1905. William Page McIntosh, a 1910 graduate of the
485:
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A view of the nearby Shoo Fly Tunnel appeared in a collection of photographs from along the
2197:"Draft of Historic Resource Survey Form: Baltimore & Ohio Railroad Pittsburgh Division"
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Markleton derived its present name from the paper company of Cyrus P. Markle & Sons of
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The patients and staff of the hospital published a semi-monthly newspaper entitled
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back across the river. This bridge-&-tunnel sequence is now part of the
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The area was initially known as Philson's Forge. Its name was derived from a
87:
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879:"The Graduates of the Woman's Medical College of Baltimore and Their Work"
2930:‡This populated place also has portions in an adjacent county or counties
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The Markle buildings and land were purchased by William J. Hitchman of
2350:
385:, the federal government operated the former sanatorium building as
855:
A History of the Medical Profession of Fayette County, Pennsylvania
291:
242:
172:
151:
1103:"U.S. Army. General Hospital No. 17, Markleton, Pa: General View"
247:
Markleton ("Old Forge") Area, Somerset County, Pennsylvania, 1860
807:. Clifton Springs Historical Society & Foster Cottage Museum
2404:
634:"[The Formal Transfer by the Pinkerton Lumber Company]"
472:. Significant enhancements were made to it in 1897 and 1902.
2603:
2375:
858:. Uniontown, PA: Fayette County Medical Society. p. 206
396:
as specializing in the treatment of soldiers suffering from
2970:
Unincorporated communities in Somerset County, Pennsylvania
2085:"Mt. Alto Proposed as Home for State's Tubercular Soldiers"
932:
General Alumni Catalogue of the University of Pennsylvania
480:
The B&O Pinkerton Tunnel and the Shoo Fly Tunnel were
18:
Unincorporated community in Pennsylvania, United States
614:. Philadelphia: L.H. Everts & Co. pp. 704–705
500:. It lies along Markleton School Road, to the east of
2249:
2247:
910:. Indianapolis, IN: C.E. Pauley & Co. p. 182
496:
Markleton is located along the southeastern edge of
227:, United States. The community is situated near the
2925:
2800:
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2232:. Federal Highway Administration. September 7, 2010
2190:
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2202:. Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission
2351:"Postmaster Finder - Post Offices by ZIP Code"
1129:
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1125:
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231:, 7.7 miles (12.4 km) east-northeast of
8:
1172:Medical Society of the State of Pennsylvania
1646:Journal of the American Medical Association
1618:Journal of the American Medical Association
1561:Journal of the American Medical Association
1533:Journal of the American Medical Association
1479:Journal of the American Medical Association
1451:Journal of the American Medical Association
1423:Journal of the American Medical Association
1395:Journal of the American Medical Association
1367:Journal of the American Medical Association
1339:Journal of the American Medical Association
1311:Journal of the American Medical Association
1051:Journal of the American Medical Association
574:
572:
346:University of Pennsylvania's medical school
2975:Unincorporated communities in Pennsylvania
2423:
2409:
2401:
415:U.S. Public Health Service Hospital No. 47
320:minister and a financial administrator at
20:
2288:. Baltimore: Cushings & Bailey. 1872.
2195:Amisson, Elizabeth (November 17, 2009).
563:United States Department of the Interior
1250:Military Hospitals in the United States
1196:Military Hospitals in the United States
1137:Military Hospitals in the United States
580:"Somerset County's Early Iron Industry"
537:
202:
178:
144:
136:
102:
67:
36:
1074:"Doctors of Three States at Markleton"
543:
541:
190:
161:
124:
112:
7:
308:, and Rev. John Morrison Barnett of
2384:Great Allegheny Passage Conservancy
2263:Great Allegheny Passage Conservancy
2111:"Abandon Hospital at Markleton, PA"
608:Albert, George Dallas, ed. (1882).
554:Geographic Names Information System
2431:Municipalities and communities of
424:Nearby Historical Railroad Tunnels
322:Washington & Jefferson College
14:
1227:U.S. National Library of Medicine
1107:U.S. National Library of Medicine
959:"[Banker W. J. Hitchman]"
877:Lewis, W. Milton (October 1907).
377:U.S. Army General Hospital No. 17
50:
1999:"Nursing News and Announcements"
1969:"Nursing News and Announcements"
1939:"Nursing News and Announcements"
1909:"Nursing News and Announcements"
1879:"Nursing News and Announcements"
1849:"Nursing News and Announcements"
1819:"Nursing News and Announcements"
1789:"Nursing News and Announcements"
1759:"Nursing News and Announcements"
1729:"Nursing News and Announcements"
1699:"Nursing News and Announcements"
1669:"Nursing News and Announcements"
696:Maysville Daily Evening Bulletin
381:After the United States entered
296:Markleton Sanitarium, circa 1909
49:
42:
852:Hackney, Jacob Sidwell (1924).
805:"Clifton Springs, NY, Timeline"
559:United States Geological Survey
356:Baltimore & Ohio Railroad's
2328:United States Postal Service.
2117:. February 28, 1921. p. 9
833:. December 25, 1907. p. 1
727:. December 29, 1886. p. 2
718:"Proposed New Mountain Resort"
672:. November 28, 1883. p. 3
1:
2434:Somerset County, Pennsylvania
2171:Baltimore & Ohio Railroad
2167:Baltimore & Ohio Magazine
2091:. February 5, 1921. p. 7
994:Baltimore & Ohio Railroad
907:Maxwell History and Genealogy
589:. October 19, 1898. p. 1
470:Southern Methodist University
225:Somerset County, Pennsylvania
2355:United States Postal Service
2141:Pennsylvania Medical Journal
1506:Pennsylvania Medical Journal
1168:Pennsylvania Medical Journal
1020:Pennsylvania Medical Journal
316:in 1875. Rev. Barnett was a
302:Mount Pleasant, Pennsylvania
2330:"USPS - Look Up a ZIP Code"
2003:American Journal of Nursing
1973:American Journal of Nursing
1943:American Journal of Nursing
1913:American Journal of Nursing
1883:American Journal of Nursing
1853:American Journal of Nursing
1823:American Journal of Nursing
1793:American Journal of Nursing
1763:American Journal of Nursing
1733:American Journal of Nursing
1703:American Journal of Nursing
1673:American Journal of Nursing
1593:. March 5, 1918. p. 10
1286:. March 8, 1918. p. 15
785:. March 16, 1892. p. 3
776:"[Charter Granted]"
698:. March 29, 1883. p. 4
466:Baltimore and Ohio Railroad
2991:
2063:Government Printing Office
2035:Government Printing Office
1859:(12): 1190. September 1918
1255:Government Printing Office
1201:Government Printing Office
1142:Government Printing Office
937:University of Pennsylvania
643:. March 2, 1881. p. 3
314:Clifton Springs Sanitarium
258:Catalan forge, or bloomery
141:1,693 ft (516 m)
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968:. May 20, 1891. p. 3
756:. June 7, 1892. p. 1
498:Upper Turkeyfoot Township
306:Clifton Springs, New York
68:
37:
30:
2163:"Connellsville Division"
1370:: 836. September 7, 1918
1016:"County Society Reports"
883:Maryland Medical Journal
446:Western Maryland Railway
310:Washington, Pennsylvania
221:unincorporated community
32:Unincorporated community
2380:Great Allegheny Passage
2259:Great Allegheny Passage
1979:(3): 235. December 1918
1949:(3): 229. December 1918
1919:(2): 127. November 1918
1829:(11): 1117. August 1918
1799:(11): 1112. August 1918
1247:Weed, Frank W. (1923).
1193:Weed, Frank W. (1923).
1134:Weed, Frank W. (1923).
1026:(2): 172. November 1908
484:in 2012 as part of the
451:Great Allegheny Passage
373:) Medical Association.
332:; and Dr. Shoemaker of
25:Markleton, Pennsylvania
2608:
2009:(4): 313. January 1919
1641:"Medical Mobilization"
1621:: 577. August 17, 1918
1613:"Medical Mobilization"
1564:: 473. August 10, 1918
1556:"Medical Mobilization"
1528:"Medical Mobilization"
1482:: 580. August 17, 1918
1474:"Medical Mobilization"
1446:"Medical Mobilization"
1418:"Medical Mobilization"
1390:"Medical Mobilization"
1362:"Medical Mobilization"
1334:"Medical Mobilization"
1306:"Medical Mobilization"
929:Maxwell, W.J. (1917).
827:"Rev. John M. Barnett"
750:"Markleton Sanitarium"
502:Pennsylvania Route 281
297:
248:
2607:
2307:Meyersdale Commercial
1889:(1): 43. October 1918
1536:: 1954. June 22, 1918
1508:: 768. September 1918
1398:: 2036. June 29, 1918
663:"Orphans' Court Sale"
295:
251:
246:
164: • Summer (
88:39.86056°N 79.22694°W
2948:United States portal
2892:Reading Number Three
2061:. Washington, D.C.:
2033:. Washington, D.C.:
1679:(7): 576. April 1918
1649:: 1775. June 8, 1918
1591:Harrisburg Telegraph
1502:"General News Items"
1426:: 1776. June 8, 1918
1342:: 1386. May 11, 1918
1314:: 292. July 27, 1918
1284:Harrisburg Telegraph
1174:: 327. February 1919
935:. Philadelphia, PA:
754:Mt. Pleasant Journal
692:"The Markle Failure"
521:Keystone Subdivision
391:Army Surgeon General
338:Rush Medical College
288:Markleton Sanatorium
2941:Pennsylvania portal
2300:"Throughout County"
2089:The Pittsburgh Post
2065:. 1921. p. 310
2037:. 1920. p. 273
1769:(9): 831. June 1918
1584:"Well Known People"
989:Resorts and Springs
939:. pp. 850, 858
394:Merritte W. Ireland
274:Westmoreland County
223:that is located in
93:39.86056; -79.22694
84: /
2609:
2255:"Pinkerton Tunnel"
2173:: 72. January 1924
2143:: 675. August 1920
2137:"State News Items"
1739:(8): 738. May 1918
1709:(8): 735. May 1918
1454:: 49. July 6, 1918
1257:. pp. 168–169
1253:. Washington, DC:
1203:. pp. 141–142
1199:. Washington, DC:
1164:"State News Items"
1144:. pp. 541–544
1140:. Washington, DC:
1054:: 36. July 1, 1899
996:. 1905. p. 41
528:to the northeast.
517:CSX Transportation
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264:Markle Paper Works
249:
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2376:"Interactive Map"
2169:. Baltimore, MD:
2115:New Castle Herald
1277:"To Make Inquiry"
992:. Baltimore, MD:
436:Pinkerton Tunnels
354:According to the
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2744:Upper Turkeyfoot
2684:Lower Turkeyfoot
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486:National Gateway
432:and Confluence.
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1083:. June 28, 1899
1081:Somerset Herald
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460:Shoo Fly Tunnel
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290:
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252:Philson's Forge
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2912:West Salisbury
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2802:Unincorporated
2798:
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568:
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289:
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2862:Lambertsville
2860:
2858:
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2837:Hidden Valley
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2539:New Baltimore
2537:
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109:United States
108:
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97:
69:Coordinates:
45:
29:
22:
16:
2871:
2519:Hooversville
2499:Central City
2453:
2387:. Retrieved
2379:
2370:
2360:February 25,
2358:. Retrieved
2345:
2335:February 25,
2333:. Retrieved
2323:
2311:. Retrieved
2306:
2294:
2284:
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2266:. Retrieved
2258:
2234:. Retrieved
2204:. Retrieved
2175:. Retrieved
2166:
2157:
2145:. Retrieved
2140:
2131:
2119:. Retrieved
2114:
2105:
2093:. Retrieved
2088:
2079:
2067:. Retrieved
2057:
2051:
2039:. Retrieved
2029:
2023:
2013:December 21,
2011:. Retrieved
2006:
2002:
1993:
1983:December 21,
1981:. Retrieved
1976:
1972:
1963:
1953:December 21,
1951:. Retrieved
1946:
1942:
1933:
1923:December 21,
1921:. Retrieved
1916:
1912:
1903:
1893:December 21,
1891:. Retrieved
1886:
1882:
1873:
1863:December 21,
1861:. Retrieved
1856:
1852:
1843:
1833:December 21,
1831:. Retrieved
1826:
1822:
1813:
1803:December 21,
1801:. Retrieved
1796:
1792:
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1771:. Retrieved
1766:
1762:
1753:
1743:December 21,
1741:. Retrieved
1736:
1732:
1723:
1713:December 21,
1711:. Retrieved
1706:
1702:
1693:
1683:December 21,
1681:. Retrieved
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1672:
1663:
1651:. Retrieved
1644:
1635:
1623:. Retrieved
1616:
1607:
1597:September 1,
1595:. Retrieved
1590:
1578:
1566:. Retrieved
1559:
1550:
1538:. Retrieved
1531:
1522:
1510:. Retrieved
1505:
1496:
1484:. Retrieved
1477:
1468:
1456:. Retrieved
1449:
1440:
1428:. Retrieved
1421:
1412:
1400:. Retrieved
1393:
1384:
1372:. Retrieved
1365:
1356:
1344:. Retrieved
1337:
1328:
1316:. Retrieved
1309:
1300:
1290:September 1,
1288:. Retrieved
1283:
1271:
1259:. Retrieved
1249:
1242:
1230:. Retrieved
1223:"Star Shell"
1217:
1205:. Retrieved
1195:
1188:
1176:. Retrieved
1167:
1158:
1146:. Retrieved
1136:
1110:. Retrieved
1097:
1085:. Retrieved
1080:
1068:
1056:. Retrieved
1049:
1040:
1028:. Retrieved
1023:
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998:. Retrieved
988:
982:
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965:
953:
941:. Retrieved
931:
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912:. Retrieved
906:
899:
887:. Retrieved
882:
872:
860:. Retrieved
854:
847:
835:. Retrieved
830:
821:
809:. Retrieved
799:
789:September 3,
787:. Retrieved
782:
770:
758:. Retrieved
753:
729:. Retrieved
724:
712:
700:. Retrieved
695:
686:
674:. Retrieved
669:
657:
645:. Retrieved
640:
628:
616:. Retrieved
610:
603:
593:September 4,
591:. Retrieved
586:
552:
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463:
443:
439:
427:
418:
408:
406:
402:
398:tuberculosis
380:
360:
353:
350:
326:
318:Presbyterian
299:
282:
267:
255:
216:
215:
120:Pennsylvania
15:
2804:communities
2772:Davidsville
2729:Southampton
2714:Quemahoning
2699:Northampton
2689:Middlecreek
2590:Wellersburg
2570:Shanksville
2529:Jennerstown
2524:Indian Lake
2449:County seat
2389:October 14,
2313:October 16,
2268:October 14,
2236:October 14,
2206:October 14,
1087:October 17,
1058:October 21,
1046:"Societies"
862:October 13,
702:October 21,
549:"Markleton"
509:post office
476:Daylighting
383:World War I
270:West Newton
91: /
2964:Categories
2902:Sipesville
2767:Cairnbrook
2734:Stonycreek
2659:Greenville
2534:Meyersdale
2514:Hollsopple
2504:Confluence
2147:August 30,
1653:August 29,
1540:August 29,
1512:August 29,
1430:August 29,
1402:August 29,
1346:August 29,
1261:August 21,
1207:August 21,
1148:August 22,
1030:August 29,
532:References
482:daylighted
454:rail trail
409:Star Shell
278:paper mill
272:in nearby
233:Confluence
207:feature ID
79:79°13′37″W
76:39°51′38″N
2926:Footnotes
2917:Zimmerman
2872:Markleton
2832:Fort Hill
2664:Jefferson
2644:Conemaugh
2629:Allegheny
2616:Townships
2580:Stoystown
2559:Salisbury
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