191:. In 1562, the king left all the towns and properties granted to his father. As heirs of Cortés, he and his brother were considered a threat to the vice-regal rule, and they were accused of participating in a plot to overthrow the viceroy. He was arrested and tortured and exiled to Spain, where they were exonerated in 1574. He lived there the rest of his life until his death.
163:). His exact date of birth is not precisely known. Until the birth of Martín's younger brother, don Martín Cortés Zúñiga, to his father and his aristocratic second wife, Martín, son of La Malinche, was Cortés's only male heir, despite his illegitimate birth. He was recognized by his father, and was legitimized in 1529 by a bull of
405:, all his properties would belong to the government and not the family of the deceased. In March 1566, Brothers Gil and Alonso de Ávila held a party at their home in Mexico. This was the spot where what would become known as the "marquis plot" supposedly occurred. The brothers had dressed as Mexican
373:
In
September 1562, after a terrible voyage, Martín Cortés arrived into the port of San Francisco de Campeche. At the end of January 1562, Cortés and his two half brothers, the other Martín Cortés and Luis Cortés, sailed toward Vera Cruz, the city their father had founded a mere 44 years prior.
234:. During the expedition Malinche was wed to another Spaniard by the name of Juan Jaramillo and never again lived with Martín. Hernán thought it was best for Martín to continue to live with Altamirano since that was the home that he had known. When Martín was 6 years old he moved with Cortés to
489:
Martín was married to Doña
Bernaldina de Porras. They had two children: a daughter, Ana Cortés, and a son, Fernando Cortés. Details and dates of Martín's family life do not exist. It is also not entirely clear when Martín died. He died in Spain sometime before the turn of the seventeenth century;
452:
on the day of his arrest, three days after having been questioned, he sent the judge a petition asking him to either charge him with something or let him go, but nothing happened. Six days later, he tried again, and once again, nothing happened. Finally, thirteen days later, he was charged with
472:
On
January 7, 1568, Martín was subjected to torture and was sentenced to indefinite exile in Spain. His torturer was reproached by King Philip II personally, sent back to Spain, and found dead in his room one day after having met with the king. After being exiled from his father's land and his
443:
On July 16, 1566, guards came to arrest Martín Cortés and bring him to the royal houses. He learned that his brothers, the Ávila brothers, and eighteen other friends had been taken prisoner too. They were being charged with plotting to anoint the marqués, his brother
585:
167:(along with his siblings Catalina and Luis). Cortés's first marriage to Catalina Suárez was childless. Martín Cortés grew up in Spain but returned to the New World as a young man. He received a first level education and became Knight of the
266:. His exact time spent there is debatable. However, according to letters at the royal court's archives from Martín's tutor, he was still living there in September 1530. After spending time studying at the royal court, Martín became a
464:
However, before this could happen, a new viceroy, the Marqués de Falces, arrived in Vera Cruz on
November 15, 1567. He allowed both of Martín's brothers to leave New Spain and for Luis to go serve time in a colony near
250:. Cortés was still relatively unknown and did not receive the welcome that one might expect someone of his historical importance to receive. In June 1528, Cortés took Martin on his journey to meet the emperor,
593:
360:
and slaves that were supposedly granted to him by his father 8 years before his death. This was a battle that went on for several years. However, during the process of this battle, Spain passed the
315:
known as "scrofula"; however, not many people commonly suffer from it. In the spring of 1540, Cortés returned to Spain for the last time; this was the first time that Martín Cortés, son of
Malinche, and
504:
457:
and uprising against His
Majesty. Alfonso de Ávila and his brother were both publicly beheaded, and in September 1566, the first Cortés brother, Luis, was sentenced to death by
230:
and Cortés's father. When Martin was only two years old his mother and father left him in the care of Juan
Altamirano, Cortés's cousin, to go on an expedition to
254:. This proved to be a difficult task however. According to a letter written two years after this meeting, Cortés writes, "After I kissed your majesty's hands in
348:
Martín Cortés, who succeeded to the title of the
Marquis of the Valley of Oaxaca. Three years later, in 1550, when Martín was twenty-eight, he spent a year in
437:
478:
481:
sometime between 1569 and 1570. In 1574, the king offered condolences to the children of Hernán Cortés and they were all exonerated of any wrongdoing.
806:
836:
555:
340:
Hernán Cortés died in
Castile, Spain on December 2, 1547. Although Martín Cortés, son of Malinche, was his first-born son, his primary
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Martín was born, Martín fell ill. According to letters between Hernán Cortés and his cousin, Francisco de Núñez, he was suffering from
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818:
645:
565:
538:
429:
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374:
By
February, the Cortés brothers had reached their parents' former home and the birthplace of Martín Cortés, son of Malinche,
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to legitimize Martín. The pope agreed since he himself had been illegitimate. Martín spent most of his adolescence at the
251:
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having known for ten or eleven months that his brother and other people in his close circle were charged with planning a
851:
188:
731:
311:, a disease that was called "the king’s evil" because some thought that the king could cure it. This is a form of
409:
and paid homage to someone dressed as Hernán Cortés. To the Cortés brothers and their friends, this was simply a
142:(doña Marina), the conquistador's indigenous interpreter and concubine. He is considered to be one of the first
469:
while Martin was allowed to plead his case before the king. However, Martín, Malinche's son, stayed in Mexico.
428:, and the conspirators were arrested. Amongst those arrested were Cortés's three sons. Several members of the
846:
841:
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Juana de Zúñiga. He also named this son Martín after his father, but this son had the aristocratic title of
258:", which implies that Cortés met the king in Barcelona. In 1529, Hernán Cortés hired a lawyer to petition
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247:
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216:
135:
100:
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Martín Cortés met. In 1541, Cortés was knighted into the Order of Santiago, and fought to gain
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641:
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534:
267:
168:
300:, a marker that anyone holding it kept from cradle to grave. In October of the same year his
259:
227:
164:
159:
122:
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586:"Exploradores y viajeros por España y el nuevo mundo - Exploradores - 1532, Martín Cortés"
474:
296:
224:
794:
375:
172:
830:
690:
413:. However, the Spanish court in New Spain saw it as their attempt to overthrow them.
747:
458:
312:
301:
171:, the highest status that could be achieved in Spain. During a time he became the
669:
287:
263:
208:
139:
105:
38:
382:
Martín Cortés Zuñiga (the legitimate son, not the son of Malinche) was now the
557:
Historia antigua de México: facsimilar de la edición de Ackermann 1826 Tomo II
394:
308:
454:
406:
255:
220:
204:
147:
42:
417:
362:
231:
223:, Cortés's guide, interpreter, and companion, named him Martín after the
180:
560:. Government of the State of Puebla Secretary of Culture. p. 187.
466:
421:
383:
356:. In 1557, Martín Cortés hired a lawyer to sue his brother for certain
329:
321:
184:
143:
584:
Diccionario de Historia de España. Madrid: Alianza Editorial (1979).
357:
349:
212:
527:
Asociación Española de Estudios Genealógicos y Heráldicos (1985).
449:
235:
200:
410:
341:
765:
The Encomienda in New Spain: The Beginning of Spanish Mexico
448:
Martín, as the king of New Spain. He was brought before the
738:
University of Wisconsin Press, 2nd edition, 1994, pp.39-46.
286:
In 1532, Hernán Cortés had another son, this time with his
658:
Conquest: Cortes, Montezuma, and the Fall of Old Mexico.
813:, p. 360–363, México, ed. Fondo de Cultura Económica,
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intervened directly and released Cortés's three sons.
324:for Charles V. In April 1547, Cortés fought in the
96:
88:
80:
72:
64:
49:
28:
21:
365:that said that every slave in New Spain was free.
767:. p. 199 Berkeley: University of California Press
780:vol. I, cap. XXIV "Don Martín Cortés", p.124–128
505:Martín Cortés, 2nd Marqués del Valle de Oaxaca
530:Estudios genealógicos y heráldicos, Volumen 1
336:Death of Hernán Cortés and adulthood in Spain
246:In May 1528, Martín arrived in the harbor of
8:
490:1595 has been mentioned as a possible date.
579:
577:
199:Martín Cortés was born in 1522 in a former
736:Spanish Peru: 1531-1560, A Social History,
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18:
711:Uncovering the New World Columbus Created
632:
630:
389:In 1566, news arrived to Mexico that the
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754:p. 293 New York: G.P. Putnam and Sons
730:in early Spanish America is found in
401:system that said at the death of the
158:
121:
7:
473:birthplace, he joined the forces of
16:Son of Hernán Cortés and La Malinche
722:Discussion of the use of the title
378:. Being the heir of Hernán Cortés,
697:, New Haven: Yale University Press
660:p.123 New York: Simon and Schuster
477:, who was Charles V's son, in the
14:
290:second wife, Spanish aristocrat,
134:1595) was the first-born son of
793:vol. I, cap. XXV "El licenciado
713:p. 309 New York: Alfred A. Knopf
436:. A few days later, the Viceroy
638:The New World of Martín Cortés
352:fighting in the armies of the
179:. He accompanied Philip II to
1:
554:Ackermann, Clavijero (1826).
424:as a direct attack upon King
131:
127:
53:
32:
791:Historia del pueblo mexicano
778:Historia del pueblo mexicano
763:Byrd Simpson, Lesley (1982)
640:, Cambridge: Da Capo Press,
56:1595 (aged 72–73)
837:16th-century Mexican people
752:The Life of Hernando Cortes
479:Rebellion of the Alpujarras
215:. His father, conquistador
878:
420:denounced the acts to the
862:16th-century Aztec people
674:The Conquest of New Spain
590:www.cervantesvirtual.com/
386:of the Valley of Oaxaca.
789:Pereyra, Carlos (1956),
776:Pereyra, Carlos (1956),
676:p. 86 Middlesex: Penguin
344:was his legitimate son,
123:[maɾˈtiŋkoɾˈtes]
533:. RAMHG. p. 295.
397:laws that changed the
156:Spanish pronunciation:
119:Spanish pronunciation:
656:Hugh, Thomas (1993)
636:Lanyon, Anna (2004),
189:battle of San Quentin
248:Palos de la Frontera
160:[elmesˈtiθo]
84:Bernaldina de Porras
852:Knights of Santiago
807:Martínez, José Luis
695:Letters from Mexico
391:leyes de encomienda
278:The other brother,
242:Growing up in Spain
354:Holy Roman Emperor
326:Battle of Muhlberg
272:Philip II of Spain
219:, and his mother,
177:Philip II of Spain
438:Gastón de Peralta
169:Order of Santiago
150:and is known as "
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797:", p. 129–131
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857:1522 births
403:encomendero
264:royal court
209:Mexico City
187:and in the
140:La Malinche
106:La Malinche
65:Nationality
39:Mexico City
831:Categories
600:2018-03-26
511:References
430:conspiracy
407:chieftains
399:encomienda
395:encomienda
309:lamparones
228:god of war
203:palace in
195:Early life
152:El Mestizo
76:El Mestizo
459:beheading
455:rebellion
426:Philip II
274:in 1537.
256:Barcelona
252:Charles V
221:Malintzin
205:New Spain
148:New Spain
97:Parent(s)
43:New Spain
809:(1992),
672:(1963)
494:See also
475:Don Juan
434:executed
363:New Laws
232:Honduras
181:Flanders
144:mestizos
108:(mother)
103:(father)
89:Children
750:(1871)
709:(2011)
693:(1986)
467:Algeria
422:Viceroy
411:charade
384:Marquis
330:Germany
322:Algiers
185:England
130:1522 –
68:Spanish
817:
644:
564:
537:
485:Legacy
350:Europe
270:under
213:Mexico
81:Spouse
450:judge
432:were
358:mines
236:Spain
225:Roman
201:Aztec
183:, to
59:Spain
815:ISBN
728:doña
726:and
642:ISBN
562:ISBN
535:ISBN
416:The
342:heir
292:Doña
268:page
173:page
138:and
50:Died
35:1522
29:Born
724:don
446:Don
393:or
380:Don
346:Don
328:in
318:Don
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297:don
280:Don
175:of
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