Knowledge (XXG)

Martial law in Trondheim

Source 📝

444: 427:, were subject to curfew. The conditions of martial law included a general curfew from 8 PM to 5 AM; a general prohibition against using railroads and other long-distance transportation means; and a prohibition against assembly. Violations were to be punished with no less than ten years' imprisonment at hard labor or with capital punishment. To enforce martial law, Terboven mobilized nearly 13,000 police officers, 522:
Holmen; Aksel Johansen, Østerfjorden; Ingvald Melingen, Majavatn; Tormod Tverland, Tverland; Leif Sjøfors, Holmen; Bjarne Lien, Stavassdalen; Nils Møllersen, Stavassdalen; Arne Moen, Majavatn; Agnar Blåfjellmo, Blåfjellmo; Emil Øylund, Majavatn; Peder Forbergskog, Majavatn; and Rasmus Skerpe, from Majavatn Of the 43 Norwegians executed at Falstad, 34 were killed during the martial law.
579:
However, it is doubtful that Terboven's measures did anything to weaken the resolve of the Norwegian resistance movement. In the remaining 2½ years of the occupation, resistance groups became more organized and coordinated, their connection with the outside world was strengthened, and public opinion
434:
Terboven stopped the publication of all newspapers on October 6, convening a public meeting in the main square, addressing an audience that primarily consisted of German and Norwegian police officers. He warned against "inferior racial elements" that colluded with the "emigrant clique in London,"
521:
Peder Stor-Tjønnli, Majavatn; Johan Audun, Bogfjellmo; Johan Øygård, Aursletta; Einar Øygård, Aursletta; Ole Sæter, Aursletta; Olaf Svebakk, Svebakk; Alf Stormo, Trofors; Oddvar Olsen Majavatn; Magnus Lien Stavasdalen; Edvard Sæter; Sæter; Peter Lund, Sæter; Arne Holmen, Holmen; Mikael Holmen,
567:
was for all practical purposes completely under the control of Terboven's dictatorship. There was no freedom of the press or expression; freedom of assembly was severely curtailed; Norwegians were not free to move; the courts had become politicized; all central institutions, ranging from the
358:
for the occupation of Norway, arrived by train in Trondheim on October 5. Starting on the morning of October 6, German soldiers posted red notices of "civilian martial law" all over the city. The area covered included the municipalities of Trondheim,
515:, this tribunal condemned 15 from the municipality of Grane to death, and these were shot the following morning. An additional 9 were condemned on October 8 and executed October 9, bringing the total number of extrajudicial executions to 34. 983: 543:
Imposition of martial law in Trondheim and surrounding areas was characteristic of Terboven's "iron fist" policy of governing Norway through fear, intimidation, and capricious violence. Within a few months, most of
2251: 2278: 1913: 563:
In truth, Norway was already under martial law by any conventional standard. The legally elected government was chased into exile by the invading German forces; a front government led by
2303: 1948: 702:
There is evidence that the bodies of these ten were exhumed by the prison authorities before the war ended and sunk in the fjord nearby. These bodies have not yet been recovered.
37: 435:
promising that he would "seize the large...those that pull the strings," and that "this evening the public will become familiar with how this principle is put into action."
2079: 955: 451:
That evening, Terboven announced from a loudspeaker in the main square in Trondheim that 10 prominent residents of the area had been executed as "atonement sacrifices" (
1061: 1664: 508:. They were bound, blindfolded, and placed two and two in front of a mass grave that had been dug that day. They were shot at short range by a firing squad of ten. 648: 2283: 525:
In addition to arresting a dozen or so Jewish men in the course of these days, the authorities raided 1,434 residential properties and arrested 93 individuals.
320:
and other acts of resistance in the months leading up to the introduction of martial law, but it is likely that the shooting of two German police officers at
1066: 978: 1982: 1806: 1943: 870: 1166: 576:. The imposition of Terboven's version of martial law added capricious, deadly violence to make a point that was already clear to the Norwegian public. 343:
had reached the Norwegian resistance movement, and that German occupying powers were anxious to discourage more assertive bold moves by the resistance.
2017: 1466: 124: 30: 2365: 1886: 1614: 1009: 960: 778: 532:, also prohibited the sale of tobacco in Trondheim. Terboven invited to a celebratory party in his train car the evening martial law was imposed. 674: 1190: 623: 1570: 988: 828: 443: 2375: 2208: 1853: 1316: 1056: 23: 2436: 1404: 89: 1185: 930: 606: 1200: 1136: 535:
Martial law was lifted on October 12 when the occupying authorities determined that law and order had once again been established.
2461: 2441: 1971: 1428: 1205: 1146: 1121: 910: 838: 104: 300:
and other surrounding areas, effective October 6, 1942 through October 12, 1942. During this time, 34 Norwegians were killed by
2451: 1049: 1044: 289: 246: 190: 1866: 1679: 1141: 114: 1841: 2338: 2178: 1341: 1248: 1195: 1176: 1156: 1126: 1019: 380: 317: 84: 735: 2456: 2203: 1836: 1766: 1394: 1263: 1238: 1116: 324:
on September 6 enraged Terboven enough to take this step. Preceding this, there had also been periods of martial law in
652: 2385: 2370: 2271: 2117: 2041: 1253: 1210: 1171: 1071: 905: 771: 79: 1363: 2243: 2122: 2092: 2011: 1928: 1761: 1399: 1297: 1258: 1215: 1151: 1024: 900: 553: 501: 460: 304:. This also served as a pretext for the arrest and detention of all male Jewish inhabitants of the area as part of 1881: 1696: 1243: 1220: 1131: 993: 845: 833: 820: 511:
Terboven also convened a tribunal in Falstad to try individuals "hostile to the state" on October 7. Chaired by
2360: 2315: 1861: 1180: 1161: 1108: 1092: 1039: 1034: 945: 935: 925: 877: 860: 850: 815: 810: 805: 220: 1786: 1641: 572:
to teachers' unions, and athletic events, were compromised in one way or another by the German authorities or
500:
one block from the square and heard the announcement of their deaths. These eight were later taken by car to
2431: 2353: 2343: 2069: 1623: 1420: 1351: 1029: 1014: 940: 920: 915: 895: 865: 855: 388: 305: 301: 94: 64: 1575: 2064: 1831: 1310: 888: 882: 764: 119: 556:, where they sought refuge until the war ended. The arrest and deportation of political leaders into the 2298: 1923: 1876: 1540: 1291: 165: 74: 481:, engineer Hans Konrad Ekornes, bank president Gunnar Sandberg Birch, captain Finn Berg, and shipowner 482: 2446: 2261: 2198: 2127: 1781: 1565: 1456: 1434: 1329: 1324: 1305: 682: 497: 478: 340: 276: 175: 1484: 2348: 2256: 2102: 1689: 1474: 505: 456: 1728: 1723: 1230: 627: 150: 69: 180: 2333: 2193: 2024: 1938: 1905: 1819: 1636: 1602: 602: 412: 200: 2310: 2288: 2107: 2097: 1826: 1814: 1796: 1733: 1479: 1441: 573: 569: 545: 474: 261: 109: 2380: 2220: 2213: 2030: 1933: 1791: 1771: 1684: 1520: 564: 557: 470: 416: 210: 185: 2293: 2188: 2087: 2058: 1750: 1714: 1674: 1669: 1494: 1379: 1286: 529: 512: 463:, north of Trondheim at 6 PM that evening, and all their financial assets confiscated. 351: 205: 195: 2425: 2183: 2112: 2003: 1871: 1701: 1658: 1504: 1489: 787: 271: 2395: 1545: 1530: 1525: 1499: 1452: 1384: 1346: 1096: 251: 215: 160: 155: 50: 2401: 1918: 1535: 1389: 396: 293: 2390: 2225: 1998: 1776: 739: 360: 256: 140: 99: 2230: 2036: 549: 297: 170: 1891: 15: 1756: 1556: 490: 486: 420: 400: 376: 333: 321: 678: 368: 364: 423:
incident took place. In addition, surrounding municipalities, such as
2266: 504:, where they were joined by the remaining two for the short drive to 428: 424: 408: 404: 372: 339:
Some also speculate that news of the German military setbacks at the
266: 236: 145: 46: 651:(in Norwegian). Trondheim: Adressavisen. 1942-10-07. Archived from 1631: 601:(in Norwegian) (5th ed.). Oslo: Aschehoug. pp. 206–211. 392: 384: 329: 713: 528:
In a petty and unpopular gesture, the Norwegian county governor,
756: 325: 2148: 1969: 1600: 1090: 760: 19: 580:
against both Norwegian and German Nazi authorities stiffened.
496:
Eight of these were still held at the Gestapo headquarters in
241: 469:
From Trondheim, attorney Otto Skirstad, theater director
447:
Marker over execution and burial site in Falstadskogen
2326: 2242: 2171: 2078: 2050: 1991: 1904: 1852: 1805: 1742: 1712: 1650: 1622: 1613: 1554: 1513: 1465: 1451: 1413: 1372: 1272: 1229: 1107: 1002: 971: 798: 229: 133: 57: 1924:Civilians targeted during anti-partisan warfare 649:"Der Høhere SS und Polizeiführer Nord meddeler" 560:camps in Germany also intensified after this. 2284:Nazis and Nazi Collaborators (Punishment) Law 772: 31: 8: 1983:List of major perpetrators of the Holocaust 489:, and construction leader Peder Eggen from 2168: 2145: 1988: 1966: 1619: 1610: 1597: 1462: 1104: 1087: 795: 779: 765: 757: 38: 24: 16: 626:(in Norwegian). Kildenett. Archived from 597:Nøkleby, Berit (2006). Eirik Myhr (ed.). 431:, and soldiers with over 3,000 vehicles. 336:from September 10 to September 16, 1941. 455:) at what became the killing grounds in 442: 589: 7: 1571:Reich Association of Jews in Germany 738:. pp. Norwegian. Archived from 316:There had been several incidents of 2376:Armenian genocide and the Holocaust 599:Norge i krig - Bind 4: Holdingskamp 14: 518:The additional 24 executed were: 1939:Polish leaders and intellectuals 1429:Concentration Camps Inspectorate 716:(in Norwegian). Falstadsenteret 673:Lilleeng, Sverre (2007-05-08). 292:, the occupying powers imposed 290:occupation of Norway by Germany 105:Martial law in Trondheim (1942) 1867:Attack on the twentieth convoy 1680:1941 pogroms in eastern Poland 1: 675:"Unntakstilstand i Trondheim" 2204:Jewish war conspiracy theory 1395:Extermination through labour 485:; attorney Bull Aakran from 2386:Righteous Among the Nations 1072:Righteous Among the Nations 677:(in Norwegian). Trondheim: 2478: 2123:Ukrainian Auxiliary Police 2093:Lithuanian Security Police 2012:Reich Security Main Office 979:Evidence and documentation 502:Falstad concentration camp 461:Falstad concentration camp 2437:20th century in Trondheim 2339:Books and other resources 2167: 2144: 1978: 1965: 1609: 1596: 1103: 1086: 871:Bulgarian-occupied Greece 794: 552:, driven underground, or 1929:People with disabilities 1862:Aid and Rescue Committee 624:"Unntakstilstanden 1942" 439:Extrajudicial executions 221:Nikolaus von Falkenhorst 2442:The Holocaust in Norway 2070:Order Police battalions 714:"43 nordmenn henrettet" 419:in Nordland, where the 411:; the entire county of 306:the Holocaust in Norway 302:extrajudicial execution 2452:Norway in World War II 1919:Soviet urban residents 1010:International response 984:Contemporary knowledge 448: 120:Liberation of Finnmark 2366:Memorials and museums 2304:Reparations Agreement 2299:Holocaust restitution 1877:Le Chambon-sur-Lignon 1400:Human experimentation 1239:Auschwitz II-Birkenau 548:would be murdered in 466:Those executed were: 446: 166:Carl Gustav Fleischer 75:Elverum Authorization 2462:History of Trøndelag 1566:Jewish Ghetto Police 1435:Politische Abteilung 1330:Risiera di San Sabba 1191:Natzweiler-Struthof 341:Battle of Stalingrad 277:Sonderabteilung Lola 176:Jens Christian Hauge 115:Heavy water sabotage 65:Operation Weserübung 2457:History of Nordland 2344:Days of remembrance 2257:Holocaust survivors 2252:Depopulated shtetls 2103:Rollkommando Hamann 1949:Jehovah's Witnesses 1767:Kamianets-Podilskyi 829:Bohemia and Moravia 2327:History and memory 2231:Forced euthanasia 2179:Nazi racial policy 1882:Danish underground 1729:Operation Reinhard 1724:Wannsee Conference 539:Effects and legacy 449: 151:Johan Nygaardsvold 70:Norwegian campaign 2419: 2418: 2415: 2414: 2411: 2410: 2262:Sh'erit ha-Pletah 2209:Jewish emigration 2199:Hitler's prophecy 2194:Haavara Agreement 2140: 2139: 2136: 2135: 2128:Ypatingasis būrys 2025:Sicherheitsdienst 1961: 1960: 1957: 1956: 1900: 1899: 1820:Bielski partisans 1592: 1591: 1588: 1587: 1584: 1583: 1423:Totenkopfverbände 1082: 1081: 736:"Unntakstilstand" 285: 284: 146:Crown Prince Olav 2469: 2311:Holocaust denial 2289:Nuremberg trials 2279:Postwar violence 2234: 2169: 2146: 2108:Special Brigades 2098:Nederlandsche SS 2065:Police Regiments 1989: 1967: 1827:Ghetto uprisings 1815:Jewish partisans 1762:Harvest Festival 1734:Holocaust trains 1620: 1611: 1598: 1463: 1359: 1337: 1319: 1300: 1282: 1105: 1088: 796: 781: 774: 767: 758: 751: 750: 748: 747: 734:Nøkleby, Berit. 731: 725: 724: 722: 721: 709: 703: 700: 694: 693: 691: 690: 681:. Archived from 670: 664: 663: 661: 660: 645: 639: 638: 636: 635: 619: 613: 612: 594: 574:Nasjonal Samling 570:Church of Norway 483:Per Tangen Lykke 475:Harald Langhelle 262:Nasjonal Samling 110:Festung Norwegen 40: 33: 26: 17: 2477: 2476: 2472: 2471: 2470: 2468: 2467: 2466: 2422: 2421: 2420: 2407: 2322: 2238: 2232: 2221:Madagascar Plan 2214:Kindertransport 2163: 2162: 2132: 2074: 2046: 2031:Ordnungspolizei 1987: 1974: 1953: 1896: 1848: 1801: 1772:Maly Trostenets 1743:Mass executions 1738: 1708: 1646: 1605: 1580: 1550: 1509: 1447: 1409: 1368: 1357: 1335: 1317: 1298: 1280: 1268: 1225: 1099: 1078: 998: 989:Hidden children 967: 825:Czechoslovakia 790: 785: 755: 754: 745: 743: 733: 732: 728: 719: 717: 712:Steen, Henrik. 711: 710: 706: 701: 697: 688: 686: 672: 671: 667: 658: 656: 647: 646: 642: 633: 631: 621: 620: 616: 609: 596: 595: 591: 586: 565:Vidkun Quisling 558:Nacht und Nebel 541: 498:Misjonshotellet 479:Hirsch Komissar 471:Henry Gleditsch 441: 356:Reichskommissar 349: 314: 286: 281: 225: 211:Wilhelm Rediess 186:Vidkun Quisling 181:Gunnar Sønsteby 129: 53: 44: 12: 11: 5: 2475: 2473: 2465: 2464: 2459: 2454: 2449: 2444: 2439: 2434: 2432:1942 in Norway 2424: 2423: 2417: 2416: 2413: 2412: 2409: 2408: 2406: 2405: 2398: 2393: 2388: 2383: 2378: 2373: 2368: 2363: 2358: 2357: 2356: 2346: 2341: 2336: 2330: 2328: 2324: 2323: 2321: 2320: 2319: 2318: 2316:trivialization 2308: 2307: 2306: 2296: 2294:Eichmann trial 2291: 2286: 2281: 2276: 2275: 2274: 2269: 2264: 2254: 2248: 2246: 2240: 2239: 2237: 2236: 2228: 2223: 2218: 2217: 2216: 2206: 2201: 2196: 2191: 2189:Nuremberg Laws 2186: 2181: 2175: 2173: 2172:Early elements 2165: 2164: 2161: 2160: 2157: 2154: 2153:Early elements 2150: 2149: 2142: 2141: 2138: 2137: 2134: 2133: 2131: 2130: 2125: 2120: 2115: 2110: 2105: 2100: 2095: 2090: 2088:Arajs Kommando 2084: 2082: 2076: 2075: 2073: 2072: 2067: 2062: 2059:Einsatzgruppen 2054: 2052: 2048: 2047: 2045: 2044: 2039: 2034: 2028: 2022: 2021: 2020: 2009: 2001: 1995: 1993: 1986: 1985: 1979: 1976: 1975: 1972:Responsibility 1970: 1963: 1962: 1959: 1958: 1955: 1954: 1952: 1951: 1946: 1941: 1936: 1931: 1926: 1921: 1916: 1910: 1908: 1902: 1901: 1898: 1897: 1895: 1894: 1889: 1884: 1879: 1874: 1869: 1864: 1858: 1856: 1850: 1849: 1847: 1846: 1845: 1844: 1839: 1834: 1824: 1823: 1822: 1811: 1809: 1803: 1802: 1800: 1799: 1794: 1789: 1784: 1779: 1774: 1769: 1764: 1759: 1754: 1751:Einsatzgruppen 1746: 1744: 1740: 1739: 1737: 1736: 1731: 1726: 1720: 1718: 1715:Final Solution 1710: 1709: 1707: 1706: 1705: 1704: 1694: 1693: 1692: 1687: 1677: 1672: 1667: 1662: 1654: 1652: 1648: 1647: 1645: 1644: 1639: 1634: 1628: 1626: 1617: 1607: 1606: 1601: 1594: 1593: 1590: 1589: 1586: 1585: 1582: 1581: 1579: 1578: 1576:Ústredňa Židov 1573: 1568: 1562: 1560: 1552: 1551: 1549: 1548: 1543: 1541:Theresienstadt 1538: 1533: 1528: 1523: 1517: 1515: 1511: 1510: 1508: 1507: 1502: 1497: 1492: 1487: 1482: 1477: 1471: 1469: 1460: 1449: 1448: 1446: 1445: 1438: 1431: 1426: 1417: 1415: 1411: 1410: 1408: 1407: 1402: 1397: 1392: 1387: 1382: 1380:Einsatzgruppen 1376: 1374: 1370: 1369: 1367: 1366: 1361: 1354: 1349: 1344: 1339: 1332: 1327: 1322: 1313: 1308: 1303: 1294: 1289: 1284: 1276: 1274: 1270: 1269: 1267: 1266: 1261: 1256: 1251: 1246: 1241: 1235: 1233: 1227: 1226: 1224: 1223: 1218: 1213: 1208: 1203: 1198: 1193: 1188: 1186:Mittelbau-Dora 1183: 1174: 1169: 1167:Kraków-Płaszów 1164: 1159: 1154: 1149: 1144: 1139: 1134: 1129: 1124: 1119: 1113: 1111: 1101: 1100: 1091: 1084: 1083: 1080: 1079: 1077: 1076: 1075: 1074: 1069: 1064: 1057:Rescue of Jews 1054: 1053: 1052: 1047: 1042: 1037: 1032: 1027: 1022: 1017: 1006: 1004: 1000: 999: 997: 996: 991: 986: 981: 975: 973: 969: 968: 966: 965: 964: 963: 958: 950: 949: 948: 943: 938: 928: 923: 918: 913: 908: 903: 898: 893: 892: 891: 880: 875: 874: 873: 863: 858: 853: 848: 843: 842: 841: 836: 831: 823: 818: 813: 808: 802: 800: 792: 791: 786: 784: 783: 776: 769: 761: 753: 752: 726: 704: 695: 665: 640: 614: 607: 588: 587: 585: 582: 540: 537: 530:Henrik Rogstad 513:Gerhard Flesch 440: 437: 413:Nord-Trøndelag 352:Josef Terboven 348: 345: 313: 310: 283: 282: 280: 279: 274: 269: 264: 259: 254: 249: 244: 239: 233: 231: 227: 226: 224: 223: 218: 213: 208: 206:Josef Terboven 203: 201:Sverre Riisnæs 198: 196:Gulbrand Lunde 193: 188: 183: 178: 173: 168: 163: 158: 153: 148: 143: 137: 135: 131: 130: 128: 127: 125:Post-war purge 122: 117: 112: 107: 102: 97: 92: 87: 82: 77: 72: 67: 61: 59: 55: 54: 45: 43: 42: 35: 28: 20: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 2474: 2463: 2460: 2458: 2455: 2453: 2450: 2448: 2445: 2443: 2440: 2438: 2435: 2433: 2430: 2429: 2427: 2403: 2399: 2397: 2394: 2392: 2389: 2387: 2384: 2382: 2379: 2377: 2374: 2372: 2369: 2367: 2364: 2362: 2359: 2355: 2352: 2351: 2350: 2347: 2345: 2342: 2340: 2337: 2335: 2332: 2331: 2329: 2325: 2317: 2314: 2313: 2312: 2309: 2305: 2302: 2301: 2300: 2297: 2295: 2292: 2290: 2287: 2285: 2282: 2280: 2277: 2273: 2270: 2268: 2265: 2263: 2260: 2259: 2258: 2255: 2253: 2250: 2249: 2247: 2245: 2241: 2235: 2229: 2227: 2224: 2222: 2219: 2215: 2212: 2211: 2210: 2207: 2205: 2202: 2200: 2197: 2195: 2192: 2190: 2187: 2185: 2184:Nazi eugenics 2182: 2180: 2177: 2176: 2174: 2170: 2166: 2158: 2155: 2152: 2151: 2147: 2143: 2129: 2126: 2124: 2121: 2119: 2116: 2114: 2113:Topf and Sons 2111: 2109: 2106: 2104: 2101: 2099: 2096: 2094: 2091: 2089: 2086: 2085: 2083: 2081: 2080:Collaborators 2077: 2071: 2068: 2066: 2063: 2061: 2060: 2056: 2055: 2053: 2049: 2043: 2040: 2038: 2035: 2032: 2029: 2026: 2023: 2019: 2018:Referat IV B4 2016: 2015: 2014: (RSHA) 2013: 2010: 2008: 2006: 2005:Schutzstaffel 2002: 2000: 1997: 1996: 1994: 1992:Organizations 1990: 1984: 1981: 1980: 1977: 1973: 1968: 1964: 1950: 1947: 1945: 1942: 1940: 1937: 1935: 1934:Romani people 1932: 1930: 1927: 1925: 1922: 1920: 1917: 1915: 1912: 1911: 1909: 1907: 1903: 1893: 1890: 1888: 1887:Working Group 1885: 1883: 1880: 1878: 1875: 1873: 1872:Kastner train 1870: 1868: 1865: 1863: 1860: 1859: 1857: 1855: 1851: 1843: 1840: 1838: 1835: 1833: 1830: 1829: 1828: 1825: 1821: 1818: 1817: 1816: 1813: 1812: 1810: 1808: 1804: 1798: 1795: 1793: 1790: 1788: 1785: 1783: 1780: 1778: 1775: 1773: 1770: 1768: 1765: 1763: 1760: 1758: 1755: 1753: 1752: 1748: 1747: 1745: 1741: 1735: 1732: 1730: 1727: 1725: 1722: 1721: 1719: 1716: 1711: 1703: 1700: 1699: 1698: 1695: 1691: 1688: 1686: 1683: 1682: 1681: 1678: 1676: 1673: 1671: 1668: 1666: 1663: 1661: 1660: 1659:Kristallnacht 1656: 1655: 1653: 1649: 1643: 1640: 1638: 1635: 1633: 1630: 1629: 1627: 1625: 1621: 1618: 1616: 1612: 1608: 1604: 1599: 1595: 1577: 1574: 1572: 1569: 1567: 1564: 1563: 1561: 1559: 1558: 1553: 1547: 1544: 1542: 1539: 1537: 1534: 1532: 1529: 1527: 1524: 1522: 1519: 1518: 1516: 1512: 1506: 1503: 1501: 1498: 1496: 1493: 1491: 1488: 1486: 1483: 1481: 1478: 1476: 1473: 1472: 1470: 1468: 1464: 1461: 1458: 1454: 1450: 1444: 1443: 1442:Sanitätswesen 1439: 1437: 1436: 1432: 1430: 1427: 1425: 1424: 1419: 1418: 1416: 1412: 1406: 1405:Death marches 1403: 1401: 1398: 1396: 1393: 1391: 1388: 1386: 1383: 1381: 1378: 1377: 1375: 1371: 1365: 1362: 1360: 1355: 1353: 1350: 1348: 1345: 1343: 1340: 1338: 1333: 1331: 1328: 1326: 1323: 1321: 1320: 1314: 1312: 1309: 1307: 1304: 1302: 1301: 1295: 1293: 1290: 1288: 1285: 1283: 1278: 1277: 1275: 1271: 1265: 1262: 1260: 1257: 1255: 1252: 1250: 1247: 1245: 1242: 1240: 1237: 1236: 1234: 1232: 1231:Extermination 1228: 1222: 1219: 1217: 1214: 1212: 1209: 1207: 1206:Sachsenhausen 1204: 1202: 1199: 1197: 1194: 1192: 1189: 1187: 1184: 1182: 1178: 1175: 1173: 1170: 1168: 1165: 1163: 1160: 1158: 1155: 1153: 1150: 1148: 1147:Herzogenbusch 1145: 1143: 1140: 1138: 1135: 1133: 1130: 1128: 1125: 1123: 1122:Bergen-Belsen 1120: 1118: 1115: 1114: 1112: 1110: 1109:Concentration 1106: 1102: 1098: 1094: 1089: 1085: 1073: 1070: 1068: 1065: 1063: 1060: 1059: 1058: 1055: 1051: 1048: 1046: 1045:United States 1043: 1041: 1038: 1036: 1033: 1031: 1028: 1026: 1023: 1021: 1018: 1016: 1013: 1012: 1011: 1008: 1007: 1005: 1001: 995: 992: 990: 987: 985: 982: 980: 977: 976: 974: 970: 962: 959: 957: 954: 953: 951: 947: 944: 942: 939: 937: 934: 933: 932: 929: 927: 924: 922: 919: 917: 914: 912: 909: 907: 904: 902: 899: 897: 894: 890: 887: 886: 885:and colonies 884: 881: 879: 876: 872: 869: 868: 867: 864: 862: 859: 857: 854: 852: 849: 847: 844: 840: 837: 835: 832: 830: 827: 826: 824: 822: 819: 817: 814: 812: 809: 807: 804: 803: 801: 797: 793: 789: 788:The Holocaust 782: 777: 775: 770: 768: 763: 762: 759: 742:on 2011-08-10 741: 737: 730: 727: 715: 708: 705: 699: 696: 685:on 2007-10-25 684: 680: 676: 669: 666: 655:on 2010-04-03 654: 650: 644: 641: 630:on 2008-06-29 629: 625: 622:Hans Nissen. 618: 615: 610: 608:82-03-11419-9 604: 600: 593: 590: 583: 581: 577: 575: 571: 566: 561: 559: 555: 551: 547: 546:Norway's Jews 538: 536: 533: 531: 526: 523: 519: 516: 514: 509: 507: 506:Falstadskogen 503: 499: 494: 492: 488: 484: 480: 476: 472: 467: 464: 462: 458: 457:Falstadskogen 454: 445: 438: 436: 432: 430: 426: 422: 418: 414: 410: 406: 402: 398: 394: 390: 386: 382: 378: 374: 370: 366: 362: 357: 354:, the German 353: 346: 344: 342: 337: 335: 331: 327: 323: 319: 311: 309: 307: 303: 299: 295: 291: 278: 275: 273: 272:Statspolitiet 270: 268: 265: 263: 260: 258: 255: 253: 250: 248: 245: 243: 240: 238: 235: 234: 232: 230:Organizations 228: 222: 219: 217: 214: 212: 209: 207: 204: 202: 199: 197: 194: 192: 189: 187: 184: 182: 179: 177: 174: 172: 169: 167: 164: 162: 159: 157: 154: 152: 149: 147: 144: 142: 139: 138: 136: 132: 126: 123: 121: 118: 116: 113: 111: 108: 106: 103: 101: 98: 96: 95:The Holocaust 93: 91: 88: 86: 83: 81: 78: 76: 73: 71: 68: 66: 63: 62: 60: 56: 52: 48: 41: 36: 34: 29: 27: 22: 21: 18: 2396:Yizkor books 2057: 2004: 1749: 1697:in Lithuania 1657: 1555: 1440: 1433: 1422: 1356: 1334: 1315: 1296: 1279: 1062:by Catholics 931:Soviet Union 799:By territory 744:. Retrieved 740:the original 729: 718:. Retrieved 707: 698: 687:. Retrieved 683:the original 668: 657:. Retrieved 653:the original 643: 632:. Retrieved 628:the original 617: 598: 592: 578: 562: 542: 534: 527: 524: 520: 517: 510: 495: 468: 465: 452: 450: 433: 355: 350: 338: 315: 287: 252:Osvald Group 216:Henry Rinnan 161:C. J. Hambro 156:Halvdan Koht 51:World War II 2447:Martial law 2402:Never again 2233:(Action T4) 2159:Remembrance 1944:Homosexuals 1914:Soviet POWs 1842:Częstochowa 1390:Gas chamber 1201:Ravensbrück 1142:Gross-Rosen 1137:Flossenbürg 1020:Philippines 952:Yugoslavia 911:Netherlands 839:Sudetenland 477:, merchant 397:Geitastrand 347:Martial law 294:martial law 288:During the 2426:Categories 2391:Yad Vashem 2371:Uniqueness 2226:Nisko Plan 1999:Nazi Party 1807:Resistance 1777:Ninth Fort 1642:Vel' d'Hiv 1414:Nazi units 1352:Westerbork 1342:Amersfoort 1196:Neuengamme 1177:Mauthausen 1157:Kaiserwald 1127:Buchenwald 906:Luxembourg 746:2008-02-02 720:2008-02-02 689:2008-02-02 659:2008-02-02 634:2008-02-02 584:References 361:Leinstrand 312:Background 257:Nortraship 141:Haakon VII 85:Resistance 80:Occupation 58:Key events 2349:Education 2244:Aftermath 2156:Aftermath 2118:Trawnikis 2042:Wehrmacht 2037:Waffen-SS 1837:Białystok 1665:Bucharest 1637:Marseille 1514:Elsewhere 1475:Białystok 1287:Breendonk 1264:Treblinka 1117:Auschwitz 901:Lithuania 554:to Sweden 550:Auschwitz 473:, editor 298:Trondheim 191:Jonas Lie 171:Otto Ruge 2334:Academia 1787:Piaśnica 1757:Babi Yar 1685:Jedwabne 1624:Roundups 1557:Judenrat 1521:Budapest 1292:Mechelen 1254:Majdanek 1211:Stutthof 1172:Majdanek 1067:by Poles 1025:Portugal 1003:Response 994:Timeline 972:Overview 834:Slovakia 821:Bulgaria 453:soneofre 421:Majavatn 377:Orkanger 322:Majavatn 318:sabotage 2361:Lessons 1797:Rumbula 1670:Dorohoi 1651:Pogroms 1603:Victims 1453:Ghettos 1385:Gas van 1373:Methods 1347:Schoorl 1325:Bolzano 1273:Transit 1259:Sobibor 1249:Chełmno 1216:Vaivara 1152:Hinzert 1097:ghettos 1050:Vatican 956:Croatia 946:Ukraine 936:Belarus 926:Romania 878:Hungary 861:Germany 851:Estonia 846:Denmark 816:Belgium 811:Austria 806:Albania 679:Byavisa 429:Hirdmen 381:Orkland 369:Byneset 365:Strinda 100:Telavåg 2267:Bricha 2033:(Orpo) 1906:Others 1892:Żegota 1854:Rescue 1832:Warsaw 1792:Ponary 1702:Kaunas 1505:Warsaw 1490:Lublin 1480:Kraków 1467:Poland 1311:Drancy 1244:Belzec 1221:Warsaw 1132:Dachau 1040:Turkey 1035:Sweden 961:Serbia 941:Russia 921:Poland 916:Norway 896:Latvia 866:Greece 856:France 605:  425:Melhus 415:, and 409:Malvik 405:Tiller 373:Orkdal 332:, and 267:Hirden 237:Milorg 134:People 47:Norway 2381:Humor 2354:Films 2051:Units 1782:Odesa 1632:Izieu 1546:Vilna 1531:Minsk 1526:Kovno 1500:Radom 1364:Sereď 1181:Gusen 1162:Kauen 1093:Camps 1030:Spain 1015:Japan 889:Libya 883:Italy 491:Klæbu 487:Røros 459:near 417:Grane 401:Klæbu 393:Skaun 389:Børsa 385:Buvik 334:Bærum 330:Asker 247:Linge 90:Camps 2272:List 2027:(SD) 2007:(SS) 1690:Lviv 1675:Iași 1615:Jews 1536:Riga 1495:Lwów 1485:Łódź 1457:list 1306:Gurs 1179:and 1095:and 603:ISBN 326:Oslo 49:and 1421:SS- 296:in 2428:: 1358:sk 1336:nl 1318:it 1299:fr 1281:be 493:. 407:, 403:, 399:, 395:, 391:, 387:, 383:, 379:, 375:, 371:, 367:, 363:, 328:, 308:. 242:XU 2404:" 2400:" 1717:" 1713:" 1459:) 1455:( 780:e 773:t 766:v 749:. 723:. 692:. 662:. 637:. 611:. 39:e 32:t 25:v

Index

v
t
e
Norway
World War II
Operation Weserübung
Norwegian campaign
Elverum Authorization
Occupation
Resistance
Camps
The Holocaust
Telavåg
Martial law in Trondheim (1942)
Festung Norwegen
Heavy water sabotage
Liberation of Finnmark
Post-war purge
Haakon VII
Crown Prince Olav
Johan Nygaardsvold
Halvdan Koht
C. J. Hambro
Carl Gustav Fleischer
Otto Ruge
Jens Christian Hauge
Gunnar Sønsteby
Vidkun Quisling
Jonas Lie
Gulbrand Lunde

Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.