542:
6563:
209:
5301:
3205:
3217:
242:
6575:
5290:
942:
57:
616:. The Council sent letters to the civil and ecclesiastical authorities in Bohemia, insisting they deal with the heresy. Bohemian and Moravian nobles responded that the sentence on Hus was unjust and insulting to their country, and promised to protect priests against episcopal prosecutions for heresy. Prague was placed under interdict for sheltering the excommunicated
956:
928:
715:
Canon law prohibited interest upon a loan. To avoid this, annuities were paid, interest in effect but not in name. The dispute as to the legality of annuity contracts was brought before Martin V in 1423. He held that purchased annuities, which were redeemable at the option of the seller, were lawful.
564:
After a long stay in
Florence while these matters were arranged, Martin was able to enter Rome in September 1420. He at once set to work establishing order and restoring the dilapidated churches, palaces, bridges, and other public structures. For this reconstruction he engaged some famous masters of
706:
In the same year Martin obtained a reduction of the autonomy of the commune of
Bologna, whose finances would be thenceforth under the authority of a papal treasurer. He also ended the war with Braccio da Montone in exchange for his recognition as vicar and reconciled with the deposed John XXIII, to
826:
During the Middle Ages, slavery had fallen out of usage in Europe. The Church denounced the enslavement of
Christians. However, voyages and discoveries brought other continents, where slavery still existed, into European consciousness, raising the question of whether slavery of unbelievers and
803:, they obtained from Pope Martin V various bulls (1418 and 1422) in which their former privileges were confirmed and in which he exhorted the friars to use moderate language. In the last years of his pontificate, however, he repealed several of his ordinances. A gathering, convoked by the
839:
related to the buying and selling of
Christians, but has been considered ineffectual as prior injunctions against the Viennese, including the Laws of Gazaria, made allowances for the sale of both Christian and Muslim slaves. Ten black African slaves were presented to Martin by
831:(1441), sanctioned the Portuguese trade in African slaves. In March 1425 a bull was issued that threatened excommunication for any dealers in Christian slave and ordered Jews to wear a "badge of infamy" to deter, in part, the buying of Christians. In June 1425 Martin
643:
were thrown by the miners into the shafts of disused silver mines. King
Wenceslaus swore death to all the rebels, but died of a stroke in August, 1419. The next months were marked by deeds of violence; many citizens, especially Germans, had to flee.
674:
In addition to the
Hussite Crusades, Martin declared a Crusade against the Ottoman Empire in 1420 in response to the rising pressure from the Ottoman Turks. In 1419–1420 Martin had diplomatic contacts with the Byzantine emperor
916:, although they are sometimes still referred to as "Martin II" and "Martin III". This has advanced the numbering of all subsequent Popes Martin by two. Popes Martin IV–V were actually the second and third popes by that name.
844:. According to Koschorke, Martin supported colonial expansion. Davidson (1961) argues that Martin's injunction against slavery was not a condemnation of slavery itself, but rather driven through fear of "infidel power".
639:, a noble of southern Bohemia, the building was stormed and people found inside were thrown out of the windows on to the spears and swords of the processionists, and hacked to pieces. In Kuttenberg, hundreds of captured
742:"). It was rather poorly attended, which gave the Pope a pretext for dissolving it, as soon as it had come to the resolution that "internal church union by reform ought to take precedence over external union". It was
3977:
3814:
903:
When the second Pope to take the name Martin was elected in 1281, there was confusion over how many Popes had taken the name before. It was believed then that there were three, so the new Pope of 1281 became
631:, who had resisted what he considered interference in his kingdom, commanded that all ejected Catholic beneficiaries should be reinstated in their offices and revenues. Prague prepared for armed resistance.
6351:
835:
those who sold
Christian slaves to Muslims. Traffic in Christian slaves was not banned, purely the sale to non-Christian owners. The papal bull of excommunication issued to the Genoese merchants of
679:, who was invoking a council in Constantinople. On 12 July 1420 the Pope conceded to attach an indulgence to anyone who would contribute to a crusade against the latter, which would be led by
6675:
6240:
3569:
5337:
4984:
6547:
6542:
3599:
855:... olitical weakness compelled the Renaissance Papacy to adopt an acquiescent and unchallenging position when approached for requests for privileges in favour of these ventures."
6660:
541:
6635:
4904:
4002:
561:, several fiefs in the Kingdom of Naples for his relatives and, most important of all, an agreement that Muzio Attendolo, then hired by the Neapolitans, should leave Rome.
5891:
5371:
6266:
4469:
716:
When the lawfulness of annuities was established, they were widely used in commerce; it seems that city states used them to raise compulsory loans from their citizens.
6341:
3255:
4790:
1009:
691:
The main concern of Martin's pontificate from 1423 was the resumed war against
Braccio da Montone. The following year, the combined Papal-Neapolitan army, led by
5651:
5378:
5182:
4969:
3972:
3309:
5330:
3852:
5924:
5417:
4521:
4264:
3802:
3022:
1351:
4206:
6306:
5605:
5177:
4109:
5004:
3922:
651:, who prepared to restore order. On 1 March 1420, Pope Martin V issued a Bull inviting all Christians to unite in a crusade against the Wycliffites (
6059:
3517:
659:, who was posthumously declared a heretic in 1415, be dug up and burned. The crusades against the Lollards, however, were ultimately unsuccessful.
6670:
6630:
5323:
5089:
4183:
827:
outside of Europe was permitted. According to Burton, Martin authorized a crusade against Africa in 1418, and this, coupled with a later bull of
568:
Faced with competing plans for general reform offered by various nations, Martin V submitted a counter-scheme and entered into negotiations for
5753:
5695:
3417:
3412:
1376:
3081:
5121:
5069:
3701:
1448:
1429:
1410:
1391:
1369:
5563:
5459:
5059:
4795:
3313:
3248:
6425:
3584:
3183:
6640:
6625:
6323:
6210:
5099:
4929:
3837:
6463:
5765:
5516:
5142:
4758:
4255:
3864:
3589:
3159:
1286:
1230:
5595:
4741:
4343:
3990:
3824:
3275:
1324:
6366:
5846:
5736:
5255:
4803:
4556:
4501:
4366:
4101:
4097:
3842:
3627:
3574:
345:
and
Caterina Conti, between 26 January and 20 February 1369. He belonged to one of the oldest and most distinguished families of
143:
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5785:
5405:
5383:
5264:
4606:
4581:
4546:
4541:
4506:
4386:
3985:
3869:
3459:
3422:
3305:
3285:
3241:
1534:
6610:
6100:
5719:
5366:
5358:
5346:
5202:
4914:
4601:
4571:
4551:
4491:
4281:
3997:
3535:
3527:
3439:
3300:
3280:
3153:
1588:
766:(also known as "Louvain" in both English and French), a town in what was then the Duchy of Brabant, and what is modern day
6395:
5974:
5949:
5558:
4576:
4566:
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969:
800:
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648:
1313:
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5944:
5400:
5157:
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5111:
5019:
4631:
4596:
4586:
4164:
4145:
4007:
3758:
3671:
3177:
1025:
In the document issued on 25 January 1391 by Pope
Boniface IX he is reported as being in the 22nd year of his life, see
216:
6665:
6655:
6400:
5543:
3917:
3785:
3654:
3016:
3006:
5770:
5167:
472:
and 30 delegates of the council. He was ordained a priest on 13 November 1417, and consecrated bishop the next day.
6409:
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4188:
4154:
4113:
1583:
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815:
613:
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208:
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6170:
5481:
5274:
5220:
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4531:
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783:
475:
Martin left Constance at the close of the council (May 1418), but travelled slowly through Italy and lingered at
249:
635:, an extreme anti-Catholic preacher of Prague, led a procession to the town hall, where under the leadership of
6301:
5876:
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5240:
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5133:
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730:) ordered that councils should be held every five years. Martin V summoned a council in 1423 that met first at
628:
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1568:
6620:
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6276:
5989:
5294:
5235:
5230:
4864:
4670:
4591:
4516:
4396:
4074:
3962:
3902:
3579:
3467:
3221:
1477:
523:
469:
461:
385:
6286:
6271:
5984:
5841:
5748:
5548:
5531:
5444:
5388:
4999:
4826:
4251:
4032:
3897:
3743:
3449:
3387:
3346:
3331:
2997:
759:
676:
373:
6336:
5896:
3482:
700:
6605:
6600:
6518:
6513:
6508:
6503:
6498:
6493:
6488:
6483:
6478:
6445:
6372:
6215:
6175:
5994:
5871:
5810:
5615:
5590:
5526:
4403:
4372:
4269:
4150:
4064:
3944:
3847:
3564:
3559:
3432:
3363:
3341:
864:
799:
The excitement of the Church during the Hussite movement rendered the Jews apprehensive, and through
546:
506:
was held by local "vicars", who were in fact petty hereditary lords. In particular, Martin confirmed
428:
407:, by whom his family obtained several privileges, while Oddone obtained for himself the vicariate of
400:
617:
6567:
6291:
6281:
6230:
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5192:
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1527:
1484:
947:
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404:
369:
3216:
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6356:
6125:
6049:
6017:
5836:
5805:
5642:
5630:
5491:
5429:
5212:
5029:
3887:
3879:
3622:
3323:
3290:
3141:
3135:
3030:
2882:
2877:
2842:
2711:
2691:
2611:
2510:
2485:
2475:
2375:
2360:
1884:
1612:
1605:
1032:
1003:
851:
hard to avoid the conclusion that the pope was agreeing to whatever was asked of him by the king.
569:
487:
362:
6145:
1031:
According to the 15th-century librarian of the Vatican Library and author of the lives of Popes
667:
According to Burton, Pope Martin authorized a crusade against Africa in 1418 in relation to the
632:
6525:
6430:
6205:
6191:
6165:
6150:
6054:
6039:
5969:
5959:
5828:
5760:
5661:
5625:
5521:
5172:
4408:
3733:
3613:
3380:
3336:
3049:
2982:
2977:
2897:
2892:
2867:
2801:
2776:
2756:
2716:
2666:
2631:
2586:
2551:
2541:
2531:
2515:
2500:
2460:
2445:
2415:
2340:
2320:
2280:
2165:
2019:
1964:
1818:
1444:
1425:
1406:
1387:
1365:
1345:
1320:
1282:
1226:
1166:
573:
554:
507:
389:
350:
156:
1179:
6415:
6220:
6200:
6120:
6105:
6004:
5906:
5780:
5620:
5578:
5573:
5553:
5536:
5449:
5034:
4808:
4770:
4728:
4656:
4651:
4618:
4425:
4358:
4321:
4316:
4296:
4291:
4216:
4069:
4059:
4019:
3550:
3368:
3351:
3036:
2972:
2947:
2927:
2902:
2887:
2857:
2796:
2791:
2741:
2671:
2661:
2641:
2616:
2606:
2601:
2596:
2546:
2505:
2455:
2450:
2440:
2420:
2410:
2370:
2315:
2290:
2265:
2240:
2230:
2220:
2205:
2104:
2084:
2074:
2039:
1974:
1969:
1949:
1909:
1849:
1788:
1773:
1768:
1703:
1688:
1663:
1653:
1470:
933:
747:
739:
696:
605:
600:
was in turmoil and the subject of much discussion at the Council of Constance. Adherents of
515:
490:. The Pope at the time ruled only Rome (when not rebellious) and its environs: Braccio held
457:
298:
1109:." The Catholic Encyclopedia. Vol. 9. New York: Robert Appleton Company, 1910. 25 July 2014
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2385:
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2355:
2350:
2300:
2285:
2210:
2190:
2170:
2155:
2150:
2130:
2094:
2079:
1999:
1984:
1979:
1944:
1934:
1919:
1879:
1869:
1854:
1844:
1834:
1698:
1643:
1547:
1461:
913:
872:
692:
480:
476:
396:
381:
318:
73:
636:
464:(1394–1423). Martin was elected pope, at the age of 48, at the Council of Constance on
325:
from 11 November 1417 to his death in February 1431. His election effectively ended the
6615:
6536:
6361:
6155:
6130:
6094:
6034:
6027:
6022:
6012:
5866:
5851:
5790:
5666:
5656:
5412:
5187:
5116:
4964:
4899:
4685:
4675:
4661:
4646:
4326:
4221:
4105:
4084:
3618:
3497:
3472:
3444:
3375:
3209:
3165:
3147:
3116:
3110:
3102:
3096:
3090:
2922:
2852:
2786:
2736:
2726:
2706:
2681:
2626:
2621:
2591:
2566:
2495:
2480:
2465:
2400:
2345:
2335:
2310:
2195:
2185:
2180:
2175:
2145:
2140:
2135:
2069:
2054:
1989:
1954:
1924:
1894:
1889:
1874:
1808:
1783:
1758:
1748:
1743:
1738:
1728:
1648:
1638:
1520:
1504:
961:
909:
905:
828:
811:, sent a deputation asking Pope Martin V to abolish the oppressive laws promulgated by
342:
326:
290:
48:
479:. His authority in Rome was represented by his brother Giordano, who had fought under
6594:
6420:
6346:
6312:
6296:
6256:
5939:
5914:
5690:
5600:
5585:
5507:
5079:
5039:
4924:
4846:
4831:
4680:
4641:
4447:
4331:
4128:
3797:
3512:
2957:
2937:
2912:
2781:
2746:
2721:
2656:
2581:
2576:
2556:
2430:
2365:
2325:
2305:
2295:
2200:
2109:
2064:
2014:
2009:
2004:
1959:
1939:
1929:
1904:
1864:
1813:
1803:
1798:
1778:
1733:
1693:
1678:
1658:
1600:
1558:
1340:
1056:
1037:
974:
908:. But, in reality, those believed to be Martin II and Martin III were actually named
888:
880:
656:
377:
358:
36:
6530:
6405:
6261:
6225:
5964:
5886:
5730:
5476:
5471:
5466:
5454:
5054:
4989:
4919:
4909:
4836:
4736:
4705:
4481:
4430:
4198:
4140:
4037:
3808:
3725:
3681:
3676:
3666:
3477:
3404:
3171:
2987:
2967:
2952:
2932:
2917:
2907:
2766:
2761:
2701:
2696:
2646:
2330:
2275:
2270:
2225:
2215:
2114:
2089:
2059:
1994:
1914:
1839:
1753:
1718:
1713:
1708:
1668:
1022:
His date of birth can be established basing on the following contemporary reports:
640:
432:
329:
of 1378–1417. He is the last pope to date to take on the pontifical name "Martin".
322:
254:
182:
5315:
655:), Hussites, and other heretics. In 1428, the pope commanded that the remains of
6331:
6160:
6135:
6110:
6083:
6070:
5979:
5881:
5568:
5250:
5106:
4979:
4959:
4954:
4949:
4934:
4236:
4171:
4027:
3952:
3930:
3778:
3540:
3502:
2942:
2822:
2817:
2771:
2395:
2260:
2255:
2160:
2099:
2044:
2034:
2029:
1899:
1723:
1673:
1628:
484:
456:
in 1415, the Council of Constance was long divided by the conflicting claims of
424:
107:
6574:
5289:
1512:
241:
6115:
5700:
4944:
4939:
4763:
4690:
4306:
4226:
3857:
3056:
2731:
2250:
2235:
2049:
2024:
1859:
1763:
1683:
1633:
1575:
923:
863:
During his permanence in Rome, Martin moved his residence from the Lateran to
1124:
1106:
5049:
5044:
5014:
4710:
4473:
4457:
4442:
4286:
4176:
4054:
4044:
3912:
3691:
1793:
941:
892:
743:
558:
338:
178:
117:
62:
56:
1156:
Lumley's Treatise upon the Law of Annuities and Rent Charges, 1st ed, 1833
1057:"Miranda, Salvador. "Colonna, Oddone", Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church"
5929:
5683:
5671:
5197:
5024:
4123:
3492:
1595:
884:
832:
812:
808:
726:
652:
621:
511:
436:
1027:
MARTINO V, papa. Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani – Volume 71 (2008)
17:
6186:
5800:
5422:
4994:
4274:
3832:
3706:
3649:
1279:
A history of Christianity in Asia, Africa, and Latin America, 1450–1990
767:
601:
597:
577:
535:
499:
495:
416:
412:
439:
and took part in the process leading to the deposition of John XXIII.
5795:
5705:
5610:
5147:
4452:
4437:
4381:
4348:
1344:
876:
779:
763:
609:
581:
527:
503:
491:
420:
354:
5245:
4413:
4377:
3233:
875:. He also frequently sojourned in towns held by his family in the
836:
735:
731:
585:
519:
624:
arrived attracted by Bohemia's reputation for religious liberty.
4418:
4137:
1543:
1494:
1035:, he died in the 63rd year of his life, see Bartolomeo Platina:
804:
408:
346:
6352:
Pope Pius XII 1942 consecration to the Immaculate Heart of Mary
5319:
3237:
1516:
565:
the Tuscan school and helped instigate the Roman Renaissance.
403:. Later he confirmed his allegiance to Alexander's successor,
1264:
The Making of the African Diaspora in the Americas, 1441-1900
1169:, preserved 25 ATR 388 in the Corp Jur Canon Extra III tit 5.
468:, 11 November 1417. Participants in the conclave included 23
538:, who would later marry the pope's niece Caterina Colonna.
746:
for seven years. The seventeenth council then met as the "
6241:
Dechristianization of France during the French Revolution
782:
on 20 February 1431 at the age of 62. He is buried at
6272:
Dogma of the Immaculate Conception of the Virgin Mary
6456:
6322:
6249:
6184:
6068:
6003:
5905:
5827:
5729:
5718:
5641:
5501:
5490:
5357:
5211:
5068:
4881:
4817:
4727:
4617:
4468:
4357:
4250:
4197:
4122:
4093:
4018:
3943:
3878:
3823:
3742:
3637:
3612:
3526:
3458:
3403:
3322:
3299:
3126:
3066:
3005:
2996:
2810:
2524:
2123:
1827:
1621:
276:
268:
260:
248:
226:
203:
189:
167:
162:
149:
136:
128:
123:
113:
103:
95:
87:
79:
69:
34:
750:" in February 1431 shortly before Martin's death.
305:; January/February 1369 – 20 February 1431), born
6676:Burials at the Archbasilica of Saint John Lateran
649:Sigismund, King of the Romans and King of Hungary
572:, for the most part vague and illusory, with the
423:. He was excommunicated for this in 1411 by Pope
6342:Persecutions of the Catholic Church and Pius XII
1281:. Grand Rapids, MI: W.B. Eerdmans. p. 144.
707:whom he gave the title of Cardinal of Tusculum.
427:. Oddone was with John XXIII's entourage at the
703:(2 June 1424); Braccio died a few days later.
5331:
3249:
1528:
1140:
1138:
1078:
1076:
1074:
1072:
1070:
1068:
1066:
545:Pope Martin's election as pope. Chronicle of
27:Head of the Catholic Church from 1417 to 1431
8:
6661:People excommunicated by the Catholic Church
1355:(11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
1277:Koschorke, Klaus; et al., eds. (2007).
1084:"MARTINO V, papa in "Dizionario Biografico""
6636:15th-century Italian Roman Catholic bishops
818:. The deputation succeeded in its mission.
6357:Dogma of the Assumption of the Virgin Mary
6307:Prayer of Consecration to the Sacred Heart
5726:
5715:
5498:
5338:
5324:
5316:
5178:International Alliance of Catholic Knights
4119:
3634:
3319:
3256:
3242:
3234:
3002:
1535:
1521:
1513:
1457:
1008:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
223:
207:
55:
31:
1403:The problem of slavery in Western culture
1119:
1117:
1115:
1051:
1049:
498:as an independent commune, while much of
1301:
1245:
758:On December 9, 1425, Martin founded the
668:
647:Wenceslaus was succeeded by his brother
612:by the council, adopted the practice of
540:
986:
435:on 21 March 1415. Later he returned to
1441:Racism, health, and post-industrialism
1318:, p.182, Oxford University Press, 2002
1257:
1225:. Chichester: Barry Rose. p. 49.
1208:
1144:
1001:
724:A decree of the Council of Constance (
1316:Religious Warfare in Europe 1400–1536
1196:
1101:
1099:
1097:
754:Founding of the University of Louvain
557:, Martin obtained the restitution of
7:
1499:14 November 1417 – 20 February 1431
6211:Suppression of the Society of Jesus
553:In exchange for the recognition of
399:, and was one of the supporters of
5766:Archbasilica of Saint John Lateran
1262:Thompson, Vincent Bakpetu (1987).
431:and followed him in his escape at
25:
1125:"CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Hussites"
6573:
6561:
5892:Fourth Council of Constantinople
5847:Second Council of Constantinople
5300:
5299:
5288:
5256:Society of Saint Vincent de Paul
4804:Criticism of the Catholic Church
3215:
3204:
3203:
954:
940:
926:
240:
144:Jean Franczon Allarmet de Brogny
5862:Third Council of Constantinople
5786:First Council of Constantinople
3423:First seven ecumenical councils
1382:Burton, Keith Augustus (2007).
1223:Slavery and the Catholic Church
94:
86:
6671:15th-century Italian cardinals
6631:Cardinal-bishops of Palestrina
6101:Dissolution of the monasteries
5367:History of the Catholic Church
3998:Separation of church and state
1443:. Greenwood Publishing Group.
1405:. Oxford University Press US.
1221:Maxwell, John Francis (1975).
996:The Oxford Dictionary of Popes
762:or Universitas Lovaniensis in
687:War against Braccio da Montone
349:. His brother Giordano became
1:
5975:Fourth Council of the Lateran
5950:Second Council of the Lateran
5559:Apostles in the New Testament
970:Cardinals created by Martin V
380:(1378–1389), and was created
6089:Catholic Counter-Reformation
5955:Third Council of the Lateran
5945:First Council of the Lateran
5401:Catholic ecumenical councils
847:Norman Housley finds it "...
720:Periodic ecumenical councils
395:In 1409 he took part in the
1424:. James Currey Publishers.
1401:Davis, David Brion (1988).
1360:Setton, Kenneth M. (1978).
778:Martin V died in Rome of a
337:Oddone Colonna was born at
61:Portrait of Martin V after
6692:
6641:People of the Hussite Wars
6626:University of Pavia alumni
5435:History of the Roman Curia
5295:Catholic Church portal
1439:Semmes, Clovis E. (1996).
869:Basilica of Santi Apostoli
614:Communion under both kinds
604:, who had been previously
532:Guidantonio da Montefeltro
368:Oddone studied law at the
6556:
6171:European wars of religion
5482:Eastern Catholic Churches
5283:
5221:Aid to the Church in Need
4842:Vatican Television Center
4487:Eastern Catholic Churches
3271:
3199:
1554:
1501:
1492:
1467:
1460:
1362:The Papacy and the Levant
784:St. John Lateran Basilica
239:
217:Other popes named Martin
215:
54:
47:
6302:Mary of the Divine Heart
5925:Clash against the empire
5877:Second Council of Nicaea
5771:Old St. Peter's Basilica
5163:Communion and Liberation
4627:Eastern Catholic liturgy
3792:Mystici Corporis Christi
3720:Sixto-Clementine Vulgate
1420:Davidson, Basil (1961).
842:Prince Henry of Portugal
6568:Vatican City portal
5920:Investiture Controversy
5776:First Council of Nicaea
3978:Philosophy of canon law
3908:Mariology of the saints
3488:Investiture Controversy
3017:During the Roman Empire
1422:The African Slave Trade
1352:Encyclopædia Britannica
1038:The lives of the Popes.
994:Kelly, J.N.D.. (1996).
365:between 1441 and 1445.
6580:Catholicism portal
6391:Second Vatican Council
6277:Our Lady of La Salette
6084:Protestant Reformation
6071:Protestant Reformation
5990:Second Council of Lyon
5379:Ecclesiastical history
5231:Catholic Charities USA
4865:Acta Apostolicae Sedis
4853:Vatican Polyglot Press
3903:Mariology of the popes
3541:Protestant Reformation
3222:Catholic Church Portal
3082:Conflicts with the HRE
1462:Catholic Church titles
1386:. InterVarsity Press.
1384:The blessing of Africa
699:, defeated him at the
683:, King of the Romans.
550:
524:Malatesta IV Malatesta
462:Antipope Benedict XIII
386:San Giorgio in Velabro
317:, was the head of the
302:
294:
6611:People from Genazzano
6287:First Vatican Council
5985:First Council of Lyon
5749:Constantine the Great
5445:Christian monasticism
4985:Good Shepherd Sisters
4827:Holy See Press Office
4065:Doctors of the Church
3898:Immaculate Conception
3853:Anointing of the Sick
3388:History of the papacy
2998:History of the papacy
760:University of Louvain
544:
374:apostolic protonotary
341:, the son of Agapito
175:January/February 1369
6464:Sexual abuse scandal
6373:Mit brennender Sorge
6216:Age of Enlightenment
5995:Bernard of Clairvaux
5872:Byzantine Iconoclasm
5811:Council of Chalcedon
5591:Council of Jerusalem
5460:Role in civilization
5440:Religious institutes
5372:By country or region
4858:L'Osservatore Romano
4796:Role in civilisation
4522:Croatian and Serbian
4270:Episcopal conference
4232:St. Peter's Basilica
3590:Sexual abuse scandal
3546:Catholic Reformation
3160:Revolutionary Papacy
3154:Age of Enlightenment
1364:. DIANE Publishing.
1266:. New York: Longman.
1041:London: 1888, s. 212
867:and, from 1424, the
865:Santa Maria Maggiore
637:Jan Žižka of Trocnov
547:Ulrich of Richenthal
429:Council of Constance
401:Antipope Alexander V
6292:Papal infallibility
6282:Our Lady of Lourdes
6231:Shimabara Rebellion
6075:Counter-Reformation
5193:Neocatechumenal Way
5158:Charismatic Renewal
4872:Annuario Pontificio
4470:Particular churches
4146:Ecumenical councils
3918:Perpetual virginity
3753:Communitas perfecta
3697:Sermon on the Mount
3007:Antiquity and Early
2811:17th–21st centuries
2525:13th–16th centuries
1304:, p. 100 fn 8.
1182:Jewish Encyclopedia
948:Christianity portal
822:Position on slavery
606:burned at the stake
570:separate concordats
454:Antipope John XXIII
370:University of Pavia
357:, while his sister
6666:15th-century popes
6656:Renaissance Papacy
6337:Our Lady of Fátima
6126:Ignatius of Loyola
6050:Catherine of Siena
6018:Pope Boniface VIII
5837:Benedict of Nursia
5806:Council of Ephesus
5643:Ante-Nicene period
5596:Split with Judaism
5430:Crusading movement
5030:Premonstratensians
3413:Ante-Nicene period
3291:Lists of Catholics
3142:Reformation Papacy
3136:Renaissance Papacy
3078:(1012–1044 / 1048)
3031:Ostrogothic Papacy
2124:9th–12th centuries
1033:Bartolomeo Platina
701:Battle of L'Aquila
629:King Wenceslaus IV
551:
488:Braccio da Montone
199:Rome, Papal States
6588:
6587:
6548:COVID-19 pandemic
6526:Pope Benedict XVI
6431:Pope John Paul II
6206:Pope Benedict XIV
6192:French Revolution
6176:Thirty Years' War
6166:Robert Bellarmine
6151:John of the Cross
6055:Pope Alexander VI
6040:Council of Vienne
5970:Francis of Assisi
5960:Pope Innocent III
5829:Early Middle Ages
5823:
5822:
5819:
5818:
5761:Arian controversy
5714:
5713:
5662:Apostolic Fathers
5313:
5312:
4723:
4722:
4116:
3939:
3938:
3631:
3608:
3607:
3600:COVID-19 pandemic
3570:French Revolution
3560:Thirty Years' War
3468:Islamic conquests
3381:Apostolic fathers
3316:
3231:
3230:
3195:
3194:
3087:Wandering Papacy
3050:Saeculum obscurum
3023:Under Constantine
1828:5th–8th centuries
1622:1st–4th centuries
1606:papal resignation
1511:
1510:
1502:Succeeded by
1489:
1482:
1475:
1450:978-0-275-95428-4
1431:978-0-85255-798-3
1412:978-0-19-505639-6
1393:978-0-8308-2762-6
1371:978-0-87169-127-9
1314:Housley, Norman.
1167:Pope Calixtus III
1129:www.newadvent.org
801:Emperor Sigismund
711:Annuity contracts
574:Holy Roman Empire
555:Joan II of Naples
508:Giorgio Ordelaffi
390:Pope Innocent VII
351:Prince of Salerno
321:and ruler of the
284:
283:
222:
221:
197:(aged 61–62)
16:(Redirected from
6683:
6578:
6577:
6566:
6565:
6564:
6543:Patriarch Kirill
6416:Pope John Paul I
6221:Anti-clericalism
6201:Pope Innocent XI
6121:Society of Jesus
6106:Council of Trent
6060:Age of Discovery
6005:Late Middle Ages
5907:High Middle Ages
5897:East–West Schism
5781:Pope Sylvester I
5727:
5716:
5626:General epistles
5621:Pauline epistles
5554:John the Baptist
5537:Great Commission
5499:
5450:Catholic culture
5340:
5333:
5326:
5317:
5303:
5302:
5293:
5292:
5035:Redemptoristines
4883:Religious orders
4809:Anti-Catholicism
4759:Church buildings
4619:Catholic liturgy
4359:Consecrated life
4217:Apostolic Palace
4184:Synod of Bishops
4120:
4096:
3702:Ten Commandments
3635:
3617:
3518:Age of Discovery
3352:Great Commission
3320:
3304:
3258:
3251:
3244:
3235:
3219:
3207:
3206:
3127:Early Modern and
3037:Byzantine Papacy
3003:
1537:
1530:
1523:
1514:
1487:
1480:
1473:
1468:Preceded by
1458:
1454:
1435:
1416:
1397:
1375:
1356:
1348:
1346:"Martin V"
1327:
1311:
1305:
1299:
1293:
1292:
1274:
1268:
1267:
1255:
1249:
1243:
1237:
1236:
1218:
1212:
1206:
1200:
1194:
1188:
1187:
1176:
1170:
1163:
1157:
1154:
1148:
1142:
1133:
1132:
1121:
1110:
1103:
1092:
1091:
1080:
1061:
1060:
1053:
1044:
1020:
1014:
1013:
1007:
999:
991:
964:
959:
958:
957:
950:
945:
944:
936:
934:Biography portal
931:
930:
929:
854:
850:
795:Position on Jews
748:Council of Basel
740:Council of Siena
697:Francesco Sforza
516:Ludovico Alidosi
466:St. Martin's Day
458:Pope Gregory XII
363:Lady of Piombino
277:Posthumous style
244:
234:
229:
224:
211:
196:
193:20 February 1431
163:Personal details
150:Created cardinal
140:14 November 1417
132:13 November 1417
99:20 February 1431
91:14 November 1417
83:11 November 1417
59:
32:
21:
6691:
6690:
6686:
6685:
6684:
6682:
6681:
6680:
6591:
6590:
6589:
6584:
6572:
6562:
6560:
6552:
6474:World Youth Day
6452:
6441:World Youth Day
6385:Pacem in terris
6379:Pope John XXIII
6318:
6245:
6236:Edict of Nantes
6194:
6190:
6180:
6146:Teresa of Ávila
6141:Tridentine Mass
6077:
6073:
6064:
6045:Knights Templar
5999:
5901:
5857:Gregorian chant
5815:
5741:
5738:
5735:
5733:
5722:
5710:
5637:
5506:
5494:
5486:
5353:
5351:Catholic Church
5344:
5314:
5309:
5287:
5279:
5258:
5241:Relief Services
5207:
5153:Catholic Action
5143:Military orders
5080:Confraternities
5072:of the faithful
5071:
5064:
4886:
4877:
4813:
4719:
4613:
4472:
4464:
4397:Prior, Prioress
4353:
4246:
4242:Vatican Museums
4193:
4126:
4112:
4108:
4104:
4100:
4095:
4089:
4014:
3968:Social teaching
3935:
3874:
3819:
3774:One true church
3738:
3715:Sixtine Vulgate
3711:Official Bible
3625:
3621:
3616:
3604:
3522:
3454:
3399:
3369:Petrine primacy
3312:
3308:
3303:
3295:
3267:
3265:Catholic Church
3262:
3232:
3227:
3191:
3174:(1929–present)
3128:
3122:
3076:Tusculan Papacy
3068:
3062:
3043:Frankish Papacy
3008:
2992:
2806:
2520:
2119:
1823:
1617:
1550:
1548:Catholic Church
1541:
1507:
1498:
1490:
1483:
1476:
1451:
1438:
1432:
1419:
1413:
1400:
1394:
1381:
1372:
1359:
1339:
1336:
1331:
1330:
1312:
1308:
1300:
1296:
1289:
1276:
1275:
1271:
1261:
1256:
1252:
1244:
1240:
1233:
1220:
1219:
1215:
1207:
1203:
1195:
1191:
1180:""Popes, The",
1178:
1177:
1173:
1164:
1160:
1155:
1151:
1143:
1136:
1123:
1122:
1113:
1105:Ott, Michael. "
1104:
1095:
1088:www.treccani.it
1082:
1081:
1064:
1055:
1054:
1047:
1021:
1017:
1000:
993:
992:
988:
983:
960:
955:
953:
946:
939:
932:
927:
925:
922:
901:
873:Palazzo Colonna
861:
852:
848:
824:
797:
792:
776:
756:
722:
713:
693:Giacomo Caldora
689:
665:
618:Jan of Jesenice
594:
481:Muzio Attendolo
452:After deposing
450:
445:
397:Council of Pisa
382:Cardinal-Deacon
335:
319:Catholic Church
269:Religious style
250:Reference style
232:
230:
228:Papal styles of
227:
198:
194:
185:
176:
174:
173:
154:
141:
74:Catholic Church
65:
43:
40:
39:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
6689:
6687:
6679:
6678:
6673:
6668:
6663:
6658:
6653:
6651:Colonna family
6648:
6646:Western Schism
6643:
6638:
6633:
6628:
6623:
6618:
6613:
6608:
6603:
6593:
6592:
6586:
6585:
6583:
6582:
6570:
6557:
6554:
6553:
6551:
6550:
6545:
6540:
6533:
6528:
6523:
6522:
6521:
6516:
6511:
6506:
6501:
6496:
6491:
6486:
6481:
6471:
6466:
6460:
6458:
6454:
6453:
6451:
6450:
6449:
6448:
6438:
6433:
6428:
6423:
6418:
6413:
6403:
6398:
6393:
6388:
6381:
6376:
6369:
6364:
6362:Lateran Treaty
6359:
6354:
6349:
6344:
6339:
6334:
6328:
6326:
6320:
6319:
6317:
6316:
6309:
6304:
6299:
6294:
6289:
6284:
6279:
6274:
6269:
6264:
6259:
6253:
6251:
6247:
6246:
6244:
6243:
6238:
6233:
6228:
6223:
6218:
6213:
6208:
6203:
6197:
6195:
6187:Baroque period
6185:
6182:
6181:
6179:
6178:
6173:
6168:
6163:
6158:
6156:Peter Canisius
6153:
6148:
6143:
6138:
6133:
6131:Francis Xavier
6128:
6123:
6118:
6113:
6108:
6103:
6098:
6095:Exsurge Domine
6091:
6086:
6080:
6078:
6069:
6066:
6065:
6063:
6062:
6057:
6052:
6047:
6042:
6037:
6035:Pope Clement V
6032:
6031:
6030:
6028:Avignon Papacy
6023:Western Schism
6020:
6015:
6013:Thomas Aquinas
6009:
6007:
6001:
6000:
5998:
5997:
5992:
5987:
5982:
5977:
5972:
5967:
5962:
5957:
5952:
5947:
5942:
5937:
5932:
5927:
5922:
5917:
5911:
5909:
5903:
5902:
5900:
5899:
5894:
5889:
5884:
5879:
5874:
5869:
5867:Saint Boniface
5864:
5859:
5854:
5852:Pope Gregory I
5849:
5844:
5839:
5833:
5831:
5825:
5824:
5821:
5820:
5817:
5816:
5814:
5813:
5808:
5803:
5798:
5793:
5791:Biblical canon
5788:
5783:
5778:
5773:
5768:
5763:
5758:
5757:
5756:
5745:
5743:
5724:
5720:Late antiquity
5712:
5711:
5709:
5708:
5703:
5698:
5693:
5688:
5687:
5686:
5681:
5680:
5679:
5674:
5669:
5667:Pope Clement I
5657:Church Fathers
5654:
5648:
5646:
5639:
5638:
5636:
5635:
5634:
5633:
5628:
5623:
5618:
5613:
5608:
5598:
5593:
5588:
5583:
5582:
5581:
5576:
5571:
5566:
5556:
5551:
5546:
5541:
5540:
5539:
5534:
5529:
5524:
5513:
5511:
5496:
5488:
5487:
5485:
5484:
5479:
5474:
5469:
5464:
5463:
5462:
5457:
5447:
5442:
5437:
5432:
5427:
5426:
5425:
5420:
5418:Biblical canon
5413:Catholic Bible
5410:
5409:
5408:
5398:
5397:
5396:
5386:
5381:
5376:
5375:
5374:
5363:
5361:
5355:
5354:
5345:
5343:
5342:
5335:
5328:
5320:
5311:
5310:
5308:
5307:
5297:
5284:
5281:
5280:
5278:
5277:
5272:
5267:
5262:
5259:
5253:
5248:
5243:
5238:
5233:
5228:
5223:
5217:
5215:
5209:
5208:
5206:
5205:
5200:
5195:
5190:
5188:Legion of Mary
5185:
5180:
5175:
5170:
5165:
5160:
5155:
5150:
5145:
5140:
5139:
5138:
5137:
5136:
5126:
5125:
5124:
5117:Lay Carmelites
5114:
5104:
5103:
5102:
5097:
5092:
5087:
5076:
5074:
5066:
5065:
5063:
5062:
5057:
5052:
5047:
5042:
5037:
5032:
5027:
5022:
5017:
5012:
5007:
5002:
4997:
4992:
4987:
4982:
4977:
4972:
4967:
4965:Conceptionists
4962:
4957:
4952:
4947:
4942:
4937:
4932:
4927:
4922:
4917:
4912:
4907:
4902:
4900:Assumptionists
4896:
4894:
4879:
4878:
4876:
4875:
4868:
4861:
4854:
4851:
4850:
4849:
4844:
4839:
4829:
4823:
4821:
4815:
4814:
4812:
4811:
4806:
4801:
4798:
4793:
4788:
4783:
4778:
4773:
4768:
4767:
4766:
4756:
4751:
4746:
4745:
4744:
4733:
4731:
4725:
4724:
4721:
4720:
4718:
4717:
4716:
4715:
4714:
4713:
4708:
4703:
4698:
4688:
4683:
4678:
4668:
4667:
4666:
4665:
4664:
4654:
4649:
4644:
4639:
4634:
4623:
4621:
4615:
4614:
4612:
4611:
4610:
4609:
4604:
4602:Syro-Malankara
4599:
4594:
4589:
4584:
4579:
4574:
4569:
4564:
4559:
4554:
4552:Italo-Albanian
4549:
4544:
4539:
4534:
4529:
4524:
4519:
4514:
4509:
4504:
4499:
4494:
4484:
4478:
4476:
4466:
4465:
4463:
4462:
4461:
4460:
4455:
4450:
4440:
4435:
4434:
4433:
4423:
4422:
4421:
4416:
4406:
4401:
4400:
4399:
4394:
4389:
4384:
4370:
4363:
4361:
4355:
4354:
4352:
4351:
4346:
4341:
4336:
4335:
4334:
4329:
4324:
4319:
4314:
4309:
4304:
4299:
4294:
4289:
4279:
4278:
4277:
4272:
4261:
4259:
4248:
4247:
4245:
4244:
4239:
4234:
4229:
4224:
4222:Lateran Treaty
4219:
4214:
4209:
4203:
4201:
4195:
4194:
4192:
4191:
4186:
4181:
4180:
4179:
4169:
4168:
4167:
4162:
4148:
4143:
4134:
4132:
4117:
4091:
4090:
4088:
4087:
4082:
4077:
4072:
4067:
4062:
4057:
4052:
4047:
4042:
4041:
4040:
4035:
4024:
4022:
4016:
4015:
4013:
4012:
4011:
4010:
4005:
3995:
3994:
3993:
3983:
3980:
3975:
3970:
3965:
3960:
3958:Moral theology
3955:
3949:
3947:
3941:
3940:
3937:
3936:
3934:
3933:
3928:
3925:
3920:
3915:
3910:
3905:
3900:
3895:
3890:
3884:
3882:
3876:
3875:
3873:
3872:
3867:
3862:
3861:
3860:
3850:
3845:
3840:
3835:
3829:
3827:
3821:
3820:
3818:
3817:
3812:
3805:
3800:
3795:
3788:
3783:
3782:
3781:
3776:
3766:
3761:
3756:
3748:
3746:
3740:
3739:
3737:
3736:
3731:
3730:
3729:
3722:
3717:
3709:
3704:
3699:
3694:
3689:
3684:
3679:
3674:
3669:
3664:
3659:
3658:
3657:
3652:
3641:
3639:
3632:
3610:
3609:
3606:
3605:
3603:
3602:
3597:
3592:
3587:
3582:
3577:
3572:
3567:
3562:
3557:
3556:
3555:
3554:
3553:
3543:
3532:
3530:
3524:
3523:
3521:
3520:
3515:
3510:
3505:
3500:
3495:
3490:
3485:
3480:
3475:
3473:Pope Gregory I
3470:
3464:
3462:
3456:
3455:
3453:
3452:
3447:
3445:Biblical canon
3442:
3440:Late antiquity
3437:
3436:
3435:
3430:
3420:
3415:
3409:
3407:
3401:
3400:
3398:
3397:
3396:
3395:
3385:
3384:
3383:
3376:Church fathers
3373:
3372:
3371:
3366:
3356:
3355:
3354:
3349:
3344:
3339:
3328:
3326:
3317:
3310:Ecclesiastical
3297:
3296:
3294:
3293:
3288:
3283:
3278:
3272:
3269:
3268:
3263:
3261:
3260:
3253:
3246:
3238:
3229:
3228:
3226:
3225:
3213:
3200:
3197:
3196:
3193:
3192:
3190:
3189:
3188:
3187:
3181:
3169:
3166:Roman Question
3163:
3157:
3156:(c. 1640–1740)
3151:
3148:Baroque Papacy
3145:
3139:
3132:
3130:
3124:
3123:
3121:
3120:
3117:Western Schism
3114:
3111:Avignon Papacy
3108:
3107:
3106:
3100:
3094:
3085:
3079:
3072:
3070:
3064:
3063:
3061:
3060:
3057:Crescentii era
3054:
3046:
3040:
3034:
3028:
3027:
3026:
3013:
3011:
3000:
2994:
2993:
2991:
2990:
2985:
2980:
2975:
2970:
2965:
2960:
2955:
2950:
2945:
2940:
2935:
2930:
2925:
2920:
2915:
2910:
2905:
2900:
2895:
2890:
2885:
2880:
2875:
2870:
2865:
2863:Alexander VIII
2860:
2855:
2850:
2845:
2840:
2835:
2830:
2825:
2820:
2814:
2812:
2808:
2807:
2805:
2804:
2799:
2794:
2789:
2784:
2779:
2774:
2769:
2764:
2759:
2754:
2749:
2744:
2739:
2734:
2729:
2724:
2719:
2714:
2709:
2704:
2699:
2694:
2689:
2684:
2679:
2674:
2669:
2664:
2659:
2654:
2649:
2644:
2639:
2634:
2629:
2624:
2619:
2614:
2609:
2604:
2599:
2594:
2589:
2584:
2579:
2574:
2569:
2564:
2559:
2554:
2549:
2544:
2539:
2534:
2528:
2526:
2522:
2521:
2519:
2518:
2513:
2508:
2503:
2498:
2493:
2488:
2483:
2478:
2473:
2468:
2463:
2458:
2453:
2448:
2443:
2438:
2433:
2428:
2423:
2418:
2413:
2408:
2403:
2398:
2393:
2388:
2383:
2378:
2373:
2368:
2363:
2358:
2353:
2348:
2343:
2338:
2333:
2328:
2323:
2318:
2313:
2308:
2303:
2298:
2293:
2288:
2283:
2278:
2273:
2268:
2263:
2258:
2253:
2248:
2246:Anastasius III
2243:
2238:
2233:
2228:
2223:
2218:
2213:
2208:
2203:
2198:
2193:
2188:
2183:
2178:
2173:
2168:
2163:
2158:
2153:
2148:
2143:
2138:
2133:
2127:
2125:
2121:
2120:
2118:
2117:
2112:
2107:
2102:
2097:
2092:
2087:
2082:
2077:
2072:
2067:
2062:
2057:
2052:
2047:
2042:
2037:
2032:
2027:
2022:
2017:
2012:
2007:
2002:
1997:
1992:
1987:
1982:
1977:
1972:
1967:
1962:
1957:
1952:
1947:
1942:
1937:
1932:
1927:
1922:
1917:
1912:
1907:
1902:
1897:
1892:
1887:
1882:
1877:
1872:
1867:
1862:
1857:
1852:
1847:
1842:
1837:
1831:
1829:
1825:
1824:
1822:
1821:
1816:
1811:
1806:
1801:
1796:
1791:
1786:
1781:
1776:
1771:
1766:
1761:
1756:
1751:
1746:
1741:
1736:
1731:
1726:
1721:
1716:
1711:
1706:
1701:
1696:
1691:
1686:
1681:
1676:
1671:
1666:
1661:
1656:
1651:
1646:
1641:
1636:
1631:
1625:
1623:
1619:
1618:
1616:
1615:
1610:
1609:
1608:
1598:
1593:
1592:
1591:
1586:
1578:
1573:
1572:
1571:
1566:
1555:
1552:
1551:
1542:
1540:
1539:
1532:
1525:
1517:
1509:
1508:
1503:
1500:
1491:
1469:
1465:
1464:
1456:
1455:
1449:
1436:
1430:
1417:
1411:
1398:
1392:
1379:
1370:
1357:
1343:, ed. (1911).
1341:Chisholm, Hugh
1335:
1332:
1329:
1328:
1306:
1294:
1288:978-0802828897
1287:
1269:
1250:
1238:
1232:978-0859920155
1231:
1213:
1201:
1199:, p. 100.
1189:
1171:
1158:
1149:
1147:, p. 197.
1134:
1111:
1093:
1062:
1045:
1043:
1042:
1029:
1015:
985:
984:
982:
979:
978:
977:
972:
966:
965:
962:History portal
951:
937:
921:
918:
900:
897:
860:
857:
829:Pope Eugene IV
823:
820:
796:
793:
791:
790:Personal views
788:
775:
772:
755:
752:
721:
718:
712:
709:
688:
685:
664:
661:
593:
590:
460:(1406–15) and
449:
446:
444:
441:
334:
331:
327:Western Schism
282:
281:
278:
274:
273:
270:
266:
265:
262:
258:
257:
252:
246:
245:
237:
236:
220:
219:
213:
212:
205:
201:
200:
191:
187:
186:
177:
172:Oddone Colonna
171:
169:
165:
164:
160:
159:
151:
147:
146:
138:
134:
133:
130:
126:
125:
121:
120:
115:
111:
110:
105:
101:
100:
97:
93:
92:
89:
85:
84:
81:
77:
76:
71:
67:
66:
60:
52:
51:
49:Bishop of Rome
45:
44:
41:
35:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6688:
6677:
6674:
6672:
6669:
6667:
6664:
6662:
6659:
6657:
6654:
6652:
6649:
6647:
6644:
6642:
6639:
6637:
6634:
6632:
6629:
6627:
6624:
6622:
6621:Italian popes
6619:
6617:
6614:
6612:
6609:
6607:
6604:
6602:
6599:
6598:
6596:
6581:
6576:
6571:
6569:
6559:
6558:
6555:
6549:
6546:
6544:
6541:
6539:
6538:
6534:
6532:
6529:
6527:
6524:
6520:
6517:
6515:
6512:
6510:
6507:
6505:
6502:
6500:
6497:
6495:
6492:
6490:
6487:
6485:
6482:
6480:
6477:
6476:
6475:
6472:
6470:
6467:
6465:
6462:
6461:
6459:
6455:
6447:
6444:
6443:
6442:
6439:
6437:
6434:
6432:
6429:
6427:
6424:
6422:
6421:Mother Teresa
6419:
6417:
6414:
6411:
6407:
6404:
6402:
6399:
6397:
6394:
6392:
6389:
6387:
6386:
6382:
6380:
6377:
6375:
6374:
6370:
6368:
6365:
6363:
6360:
6358:
6355:
6353:
6350:
6348:
6347:Pope Pius XII
6345:
6343:
6340:
6338:
6335:
6333:
6330:
6329:
6327:
6325:
6321:
6315:
6314:
6313:Rerum novarum
6310:
6308:
6305:
6303:
6300:
6298:
6297:Pope Leo XIII
6295:
6293:
6290:
6288:
6285:
6283:
6280:
6278:
6275:
6273:
6270:
6268:
6267:United States
6265:
6263:
6260:
6258:
6257:Pope Pius VII
6255:
6254:
6252:
6248:
6242:
6239:
6237:
6234:
6232:
6229:
6227:
6224:
6222:
6219:
6217:
6214:
6212:
6209:
6207:
6204:
6202:
6199:
6198:
6196:
6193:
6188:
6183:
6177:
6174:
6172:
6169:
6167:
6164:
6162:
6159:
6157:
6154:
6152:
6149:
6147:
6144:
6142:
6139:
6137:
6134:
6132:
6129:
6127:
6124:
6122:
6119:
6117:
6114:
6112:
6109:
6107:
6104:
6102:
6099:
6097:
6096:
6092:
6090:
6087:
6085:
6082:
6081:
6079:
6076:
6072:
6067:
6061:
6058:
6056:
6053:
6051:
6048:
6046:
6043:
6041:
6038:
6036:
6033:
6029:
6026:
6025:
6024:
6021:
6019:
6016:
6014:
6011:
6010:
6008:
6006:
6002:
5996:
5993:
5991:
5988:
5986:
5983:
5981:
5978:
5976:
5973:
5971:
5968:
5966:
5963:
5961:
5958:
5956:
5953:
5951:
5948:
5946:
5943:
5941:
5940:Scholasticism
5938:
5936:
5933:
5931:
5928:
5926:
5923:
5921:
5918:
5916:
5915:Pope Urban II
5913:
5912:
5910:
5908:
5904:
5898:
5895:
5893:
5890:
5888:
5885:
5883:
5880:
5878:
5875:
5873:
5870:
5868:
5865:
5863:
5860:
5858:
5855:
5853:
5850:
5848:
5845:
5843:
5840:
5838:
5835:
5834:
5832:
5830:
5826:
5812:
5809:
5807:
5804:
5802:
5799:
5797:
5794:
5792:
5789:
5787:
5784:
5782:
5779:
5777:
5774:
5772:
5769:
5767:
5764:
5762:
5759:
5755:
5752:
5751:
5750:
5747:
5746:
5744:
5740:
5732:
5728:
5725:
5721:
5717:
5707:
5704:
5702:
5699:
5697:
5694:
5692:
5691:Justin Martyr
5689:
5685:
5682:
5678:
5675:
5673:
5670:
5668:
5665:
5664:
5663:
5660:
5659:
5658:
5655:
5653:
5650:
5649:
5647:
5644:
5640:
5632:
5629:
5627:
5624:
5622:
5619:
5617:
5614:
5612:
5609:
5607:
5604:
5603:
5602:
5601:New Testament
5599:
5597:
5594:
5592:
5589:
5587:
5584:
5580:
5577:
5575:
5572:
5570:
5567:
5565:
5564:Commissioning
5562:
5561:
5560:
5557:
5555:
5552:
5550:
5547:
5545:
5542:
5538:
5535:
5533:
5530:
5528:
5525:
5523:
5520:
5519:
5518:
5515:
5514:
5512:
5509:
5508:Apostolic Age
5504:
5500:
5497:
5493:
5489:
5483:
5480:
5478:
5475:
5473:
5470:
5468:
5465:
5461:
5458:
5456:
5453:
5452:
5451:
5448:
5446:
5443:
5441:
5438:
5436:
5433:
5431:
5428:
5424:
5421:
5419:
5416:
5415:
5414:
5411:
5407:
5404:
5403:
5402:
5399:
5395:
5394:Papal primacy
5392:
5391:
5390:
5387:
5385:
5382:
5380:
5377:
5373:
5370:
5369:
5368:
5365:
5364:
5362:
5360:
5356:
5352:
5348:
5341:
5336:
5334:
5329:
5327:
5322:
5321:
5318:
5306:
5298:
5296:
5291:
5286:
5285:
5282:
5276:
5273:
5271:
5268:
5266:
5263:
5260:
5257:
5254:
5252:
5249:
5247:
5244:
5242:
5239:
5237:
5236:Home Missions
5234:
5232:
5229:
5227:
5224:
5222:
5219:
5218:
5216:
5214:
5210:
5204:
5201:
5199:
5196:
5194:
5191:
5189:
5186:
5184:
5181:
5179:
5176:
5174:
5171:
5169:
5166:
5164:
5161:
5159:
5156:
5154:
5151:
5149:
5146:
5144:
5141:
5135:
5132:
5131:
5130:
5129:Saint Francis
5127:
5123:
5120:
5119:
5118:
5115:
5113:
5112:Saint Dominic
5110:
5109:
5108:
5105:
5101:
5098:
5096:
5093:
5091:
5088:
5086:
5083:
5082:
5081:
5078:
5077:
5075:
5073:
5067:
5061:
5058:
5056:
5053:
5051:
5048:
5046:
5043:
5041:
5038:
5036:
5033:
5031:
5028:
5026:
5023:
5021:
5018:
5016:
5013:
5011:
5008:
5006:
5003:
5001:
4998:
4996:
4993:
4991:
4988:
4986:
4983:
4981:
4978:
4976:
4973:
4971:
4968:
4966:
4963:
4961:
4958:
4956:
4953:
4951:
4948:
4946:
4943:
4941:
4938:
4936:
4933:
4931:
4928:
4926:
4925:Bethlehemites
4923:
4921:
4918:
4916:
4913:
4911:
4908:
4906:
4903:
4901:
4898:
4897:
4895:
4893:
4889:
4884:
4880:
4874:
4873:
4869:
4867:
4866:
4862:
4860:
4859:
4855:
4852:
4848:
4847:Vatican Radio
4845:
4843:
4840:
4838:
4835:
4834:
4833:
4832:Vatican Media
4830:
4828:
4825:
4824:
4822:
4820:
4816:
4810:
4807:
4805:
4802:
4799:
4797:
4794:
4792:
4789:
4787:
4784:
4782:
4779:
4777:
4774:
4772:
4769:
4765:
4762:
4761:
4760:
4757:
4755:
4752:
4750:
4747:
4743:
4740:
4739:
4738:
4735:
4734:
4732:
4730:
4726:
4712:
4709:
4707:
4704:
4702:
4699:
4697:
4694:
4693:
4692:
4689:
4687:
4684:
4682:
4679:
4677:
4674:
4673:
4672:
4669:
4663:
4660:
4659:
4658:
4655:
4653:
4650:
4648:
4645:
4643:
4640:
4638:
4635:
4633:
4630:
4629:
4628:
4625:
4624:
4622:
4620:
4616:
4608:
4605:
4603:
4600:
4598:
4595:
4593:
4590:
4588:
4585:
4583:
4580:
4578:
4575:
4573:
4570:
4568:
4565:
4563:
4560:
4558:
4555:
4553:
4550:
4548:
4545:
4543:
4540:
4538:
4535:
4533:
4530:
4528:
4525:
4523:
4520:
4518:
4515:
4513:
4510:
4508:
4505:
4503:
4500:
4498:
4495:
4493:
4490:
4489:
4488:
4485:
4483:
4480:
4479:
4477:
4475:
4471:
4467:
4459:
4456:
4454:
4451:
4449:
4446:
4445:
4444:
4441:
4439:
4436:
4432:
4429:
4428:
4427:
4424:
4420:
4417:
4415:
4412:
4411:
4410:
4407:
4405:
4402:
4398:
4395:
4393:
4390:
4388:
4385:
4383:
4379:
4376:
4375:
4374:
4371:
4368:
4365:
4364:
4362:
4360:
4356:
4350:
4347:
4345:
4342:
4340:
4337:
4333:
4330:
4328:
4325:
4323:
4320:
4318:
4315:
4313:
4310:
4308:
4305:
4303:
4300:
4298:
4295:
4293:
4290:
4288:
4285:
4284:
4283:
4280:
4276:
4273:
4271:
4268:
4267:
4266:
4263:
4262:
4260:
4257:
4253:
4249:
4243:
4240:
4238:
4235:
4233:
4230:
4228:
4225:
4223:
4220:
4218:
4215:
4213:
4210:
4208:
4205:
4204:
4202:
4200:
4196:
4190:
4187:
4185:
4182:
4178:
4175:
4174:
4173:
4170:
4166:
4163:
4161:
4158:
4157:
4156:
4152:
4149:
4147:
4144:
4142:
4139:
4136:
4135:
4133:
4130:
4129:List of popes
4125:
4121:
4118:
4115:
4111:
4107:
4103:
4099:
4092:
4086:
4083:
4081:
4078:
4076:
4073:
4071:
4068:
4066:
4063:
4061:
4058:
4056:
4053:
4051:
4048:
4046:
4043:
4039:
4036:
4034:
4031:
4030:
4029:
4026:
4025:
4023:
4021:
4017:
4009:
4006:
4004:
4001:
4000:
3999:
3996:
3992:
3989:
3988:
3987:
3984:
3981:
3979:
3976:
3974:
3971:
3969:
3966:
3964:
3961:
3959:
3956:
3954:
3951:
3950:
3948:
3946:
3942:
3932:
3929:
3926:
3924:
3921:
3919:
3916:
3914:
3913:Mother of God
3911:
3909:
3906:
3904:
3901:
3899:
3896:
3894:
3891:
3889:
3886:
3885:
3883:
3881:
3877:
3871:
3868:
3866:
3863:
3859:
3856:
3855:
3854:
3851:
3849:
3846:
3844:
3841:
3839:
3836:
3834:
3831:
3830:
3828:
3826:
3822:
3816:
3813:
3811:
3810:
3806:
3804:
3801:
3799:
3798:People of God
3796:
3794:
3793:
3789:
3787:
3786:Infallibility
3784:
3780:
3777:
3775:
3772:
3771:
3770:
3767:
3765:
3762:
3760:
3757:
3755:
3754:
3750:
3749:
3747:
3745:
3741:
3735:
3732:
3728:
3727:
3723:
3721:
3718:
3716:
3713:
3712:
3710:
3708:
3705:
3703:
3700:
3698:
3695:
3693:
3690:
3688:
3685:
3683:
3680:
3678:
3675:
3673:
3670:
3668:
3665:
3663:
3662:Body and soul
3660:
3656:
3653:
3651:
3648:
3647:
3646:
3643:
3642:
3640:
3636:
3633:
3630:
3629:
3624:
3620:
3615:
3611:
3601:
3598:
3596:
3593:
3591:
3588:
3586:
3583:
3581:
3578:
3576:
3573:
3571:
3568:
3566:
3565:Enlightenment
3563:
3561:
3558:
3552:
3549:
3548:
3547:
3544:
3542:
3539:
3538:
3537:
3536:Protestantism
3534:
3533:
3531:
3529:
3525:
3519:
3516:
3514:
3513:Scholasticism
3511:
3509:
3506:
3504:
3501:
3499:
3498:Schism (1378)
3496:
3494:
3491:
3489:
3486:
3484:
3483:Schism (1054)
3481:
3479:
3476:
3474:
3471:
3469:
3466:
3465:
3463:
3461:
3457:
3451:
3448:
3446:
3443:
3441:
3438:
3434:
3431:
3429:
3426:
3425:
3424:
3421:
3419:
3416:
3414:
3411:
3410:
3408:
3406:
3402:
3394:
3391:
3390:
3389:
3386:
3382:
3379:
3378:
3377:
3374:
3370:
3367:
3365:
3362:
3361:
3360:
3357:
3353:
3350:
3348:
3345:
3343:
3340:
3338:
3335:
3334:
3333:
3330:
3329:
3327:
3325:
3321:
3318:
3315:
3311:
3307:
3302:
3298:
3292:
3289:
3287:
3284:
3282:
3279:
3277:
3274:
3273:
3270:
3266:
3259:
3254:
3252:
3247:
3245:
3240:
3239:
3236:
3224:
3223:
3218:
3214:
3212:
3211:
3202:
3201:
3198:
3185:
3182:
3179:
3176:
3175:
3173:
3170:
3167:
3164:
3161:
3158:
3155:
3152:
3149:
3146:
3143:
3140:
3137:
3134:
3133:
3131:
3125:
3118:
3115:
3112:
3109:
3104:
3101:
3098:
3095:
3092:
3089:
3088:
3086:
3083:
3080:
3077:
3074:
3073:
3071:
3067:High and Late
3065:
3058:
3055:
3052:
3051:
3047:
3044:
3041:
3038:
3035:
3032:
3029:
3024:
3021:
3020:
3018:
3015:
3014:
3012:
3010:
3004:
3001:
2999:
2995:
2989:
2986:
2984:
2981:
2979:
2976:
2974:
2971:
2969:
2966:
2964:
2961:
2959:
2956:
2954:
2951:
2949:
2946:
2944:
2941:
2939:
2936:
2934:
2931:
2929:
2926:
2924:
2921:
2919:
2916:
2914:
2911:
2909:
2906:
2904:
2901:
2899:
2896:
2894:
2891:
2889:
2886:
2884:
2883:Benedict XIII
2881:
2879:
2878:Innocent XIII
2876:
2874:
2871:
2869:
2866:
2864:
2861:
2859:
2856:
2854:
2851:
2849:
2846:
2844:
2843:Alexander VII
2841:
2839:
2836:
2834:
2831:
2829:
2826:
2824:
2821:
2819:
2816:
2815:
2813:
2809:
2803:
2800:
2798:
2795:
2793:
2790:
2788:
2785:
2783:
2780:
2778:
2775:
2773:
2770:
2768:
2765:
2763:
2760:
2758:
2755:
2753:
2750:
2748:
2745:
2743:
2740:
2738:
2735:
2733:
2730:
2728:
2725:
2723:
2720:
2718:
2715:
2713:
2712:Innocent VIII
2710:
2708:
2705:
2703:
2700:
2698:
2695:
2693:
2692:Callixtus III
2690:
2688:
2685:
2683:
2680:
2678:
2675:
2673:
2670:
2668:
2665:
2663:
2660:
2658:
2655:
2653:
2650:
2648:
2645:
2643:
2640:
2638:
2635:
2633:
2630:
2628:
2625:
2623:
2620:
2618:
2615:
2613:
2612:Boniface VIII
2610:
2608:
2605:
2603:
2600:
2598:
2595:
2593:
2590:
2588:
2585:
2583:
2580:
2578:
2575:
2573:
2570:
2568:
2565:
2563:
2560:
2558:
2555:
2553:
2550:
2548:
2545:
2543:
2540:
2538:
2535:
2533:
2530:
2529:
2527:
2523:
2517:
2514:
2512:
2511:Celestine III
2509:
2507:
2504:
2502:
2499:
2497:
2494:
2492:
2489:
2487:
2486:Alexander III
2484:
2482:
2479:
2477:
2476:Anastasius IV
2474:
2472:
2469:
2467:
2464:
2462:
2459:
2457:
2454:
2452:
2449:
2447:
2444:
2442:
2439:
2437:
2434:
2432:
2429:
2427:
2424:
2422:
2419:
2417:
2414:
2412:
2409:
2407:
2404:
2402:
2399:
2397:
2394:
2392:
2389:
2387:
2384:
2382:
2379:
2377:
2376:Sylvester III
2374:
2372:
2369:
2367:
2364:
2362:
2361:Benedict VIII
2359:
2357:
2354:
2352:
2349:
2347:
2344:
2342:
2339:
2337:
2334:
2332:
2329:
2327:
2324:
2322:
2319:
2317:
2314:
2312:
2309:
2307:
2304:
2302:
2299:
2297:
2294:
2292:
2289:
2287:
2284:
2282:
2279:
2277:
2274:
2272:
2269:
2267:
2264:
2262:
2259:
2257:
2254:
2252:
2249:
2247:
2244:
2242:
2239:
2237:
2234:
2232:
2229:
2227:
2224:
2222:
2219:
2217:
2214:
2212:
2209:
2207:
2204:
2202:
2199:
2197:
2194:
2192:
2189:
2187:
2184:
2182:
2179:
2177:
2174:
2172:
2169:
2167:
2164:
2162:
2159:
2157:
2154:
2152:
2149:
2147:
2144:
2142:
2139:
2137:
2134:
2132:
2129:
2128:
2126:
2122:
2116:
2113:
2111:
2108:
2106:
2103:
2101:
2098:
2096:
2093:
2091:
2088:
2086:
2083:
2081:
2078:
2076:
2073:
2071:
2068:
2066:
2063:
2061:
2058:
2056:
2053:
2051:
2048:
2046:
2043:
2041:
2038:
2036:
2033:
2031:
2028:
2026:
2023:
2021:
2018:
2016:
2013:
2011:
2008:
2006:
2003:
2001:
1998:
1996:
1993:
1991:
1988:
1986:
1983:
1981:
1978:
1976:
1973:
1971:
1968:
1966:
1963:
1961:
1958:
1956:
1953:
1951:
1948:
1946:
1943:
1941:
1938:
1936:
1933:
1931:
1928:
1926:
1923:
1921:
1918:
1916:
1913:
1911:
1908:
1906:
1903:
1901:
1898:
1896:
1893:
1891:
1888:
1886:
1885:Anastasius II
1883:
1881:
1878:
1876:
1873:
1871:
1868:
1866:
1863:
1861:
1858:
1856:
1853:
1851:
1848:
1846:
1843:
1841:
1838:
1836:
1833:
1832:
1830:
1826:
1820:
1817:
1815:
1812:
1810:
1807:
1805:
1802:
1800:
1797:
1795:
1792:
1790:
1787:
1785:
1782:
1780:
1777:
1775:
1772:
1770:
1767:
1765:
1762:
1760:
1757:
1755:
1752:
1750:
1747:
1745:
1742:
1740:
1737:
1735:
1732:
1730:
1727:
1725:
1722:
1720:
1717:
1715:
1712:
1710:
1707:
1705:
1702:
1700:
1697:
1695:
1692:
1690:
1687:
1685:
1682:
1680:
1677:
1675:
1672:
1670:
1667:
1665:
1662:
1660:
1657:
1655:
1652:
1650:
1647:
1645:
1642:
1640:
1637:
1635:
1632:
1630:
1627:
1626:
1624:
1620:
1614:
1611:
1607:
1604:
1603:
1602:
1601:Pope emeritus
1599:
1597:
1594:
1590:
1587:
1585:
1582:
1581:
1579:
1577:
1574:
1570:
1567:
1565:
1562:
1561:
1560:
1559:List of popes
1557:
1556:
1553:
1549:
1545:
1538:
1533:
1531:
1526:
1524:
1519:
1518:
1515:
1506:
1497:
1496:
1486:
1479:
1478:Benedict XIII
1472:
1466:
1463:
1459:
1452:
1446:
1442:
1437:
1433:
1427:
1423:
1418:
1414:
1408:
1404:
1399:
1395:
1389:
1385:
1380:
1378:
1373:
1367:
1363:
1358:
1354:
1353:
1347:
1342:
1338:
1337:
1333:
1326:
1325:9780198208112
1322:
1319:
1317:
1310:
1307:
1303:
1302:Davidson 1961
1298:
1295:
1290:
1284:
1280:
1273:
1270:
1265:
1259:
1254:
1251:
1248:, p. 41.
1247:
1246:Davidson 1961
1242:
1239:
1234:
1228:
1224:
1217:
1214:
1211:, p. 46.
1210:
1205:
1202:
1198:
1193:
1190:
1185:
1183:
1175:
1172:
1168:
1162:
1159:
1153:
1150:
1146:
1141:
1139:
1135:
1130:
1126:
1120:
1118:
1116:
1112:
1108:
1107:Pope Martin V
1102:
1100:
1098:
1094:
1089:
1085:
1079:
1077:
1075:
1073:
1071:
1069:
1067:
1063:
1058:
1052:
1050:
1046:
1040:
1039:
1034:
1030:
1028:
1024:
1023:
1019:
1016:
1011:
1005:
997:
990:
987:
980:
976:
975:List of popes
973:
971:
968:
967:
963:
952:
949:
943:
938:
935:
924:
919:
917:
915:
911:
907:
898:
896:
895:and others).
894:
890:
886:
882:
878:
874:
870:
866:
858:
856:
845:
843:
838:
834:
833:anathematized
830:
821:
819:
817:
816:Benedict XIII
814:
810:
806:
802:
794:
789:
787:
785:
781:
773:
771:
769:
765:
761:
753:
751:
749:
745:
741:
737:
734:and later at
733:
729:
728:
719:
717:
710:
708:
704:
702:
698:
694:
686:
684:
682:
678:
672:
670:
662:
660:
658:
654:
650:
645:
642:
638:
634:
630:
625:
623:
619:
615:
611:
607:
603:
599:
591:
589:
587:
583:
579:
575:
571:
566:
562:
560:
556:
548:
543:
539:
537:
533:
529:
525:
521:
517:
513:
509:
505:
501:
497:
493:
489:
486:
482:
478:
473:
471:
467:
463:
459:
455:
447:
442:
440:
438:
434:
430:
426:
422:
418:
414:
410:
406:
402:
398:
393:
391:
387:
383:
379:
378:Pope Urban VI
375:
371:
366:
364:
360:
356:
352:
348:
344:
340:
332:
330:
328:
324:
320:
316:
312:
308:
304:
300:
296:
292:
288:
287:Pope Martin V
279:
275:
271:
267:
264:Your Holiness
263:
259:
256:
253:
251:
247:
243:
238:
235:
233:Pope Martin V
225:
218:
214:
210:
206:
202:
192:
188:
184:
180:
170:
166:
161:
158:
152:
148:
145:
139:
135:
131:
127:
122:
119:
116:
112:
109:
106:
102:
98:
90:
82:
78:
75:
72:
68:
64:
58:
53:
50:
46:
38:
33:
30:
19:
6535:
6531:Pope Francis
6457:21st century
6406:Pope Paul VI
6383:
6371:
6324:20th century
6311:
6262:Pope Pius IX
6250:19th century
6226:Pope Pius VI
6093:
5965:Latin Empire
5935:Universities
5887:Pope Leo III
5754:Christianity
5739:state church
5731:Great Church
5532:Resurrection
5495:(30–325/476)
5492:Early Church
5477:Latin Church
5472:Papal States
5467:Vatican City
5275:Universities
5107:Third orders
5070:Associations
5060:Visitandines
5055:Trinitarians
5005:Mercedarians
4990:Hieronymites
4935:Camaldoleses
4920:Benedictines
4910:Augustinians
4870:
4863:
4856:
4837:Vatican News
4791:Distinctions
4597:Syro-Malabar
4482:Latin Church
4404:Grand master
4302:Metropolitan
4199:Vatican City
4094:Organisation
3973:Philosophers
3838:Confirmation
3815:In canon law
3809:Subsistit in
3807:
3803:Three states
3790:
3751:
3744:Ecclesiology
3726:Nova Vulgata
3724:
3682:Original sin
3677:Nicene Creed
3667:Divine grace
3626:
3508:Universities
3478:Papal States
3405:Great Church
3347:Resurrection
3324:Early Church
3220:
3208:
3178:World War II
3172:Vatican City
3048:
3019:(until 493)
2983:Benedict XVI
2978:John Paul II
2898:Clement XIII
2893:Benedict XIV
2868:Innocent XII
2802:Clement VIII
2777:Gregory XIII
2757:Marcellus II
2717:Alexander VI
2676:
2667:Innocent VII
2632:Benedict XII
2587:Nicholas III
2552:Alexander IV
2542:Celestine IV
2532:Honorius III
2516:Innocent III
2501:Gregory VIII
2461:Celestine II
2446:Callixtus II
2416:Alexander II
2341:Sylvester II
2321:Benedict VII
2281:Stephen VIII
2166:Benedict III
2020:Adeodatus II
1965:Boniface III
1819:Anastasius I
1493:
1440:
1421:
1402:
1383:
1361:
1350:
1315:
1309:
1297:
1278:
1272:
1263:
1253:
1241:
1222:
1216:
1204:
1192:
1181:
1174:
1165:Affirmed by
1161:
1152:
1128:
1087:
1036:
1018:
995:
989:
902:
862:
846:
825:
798:
777:
757:
725:
723:
714:
705:
690:
673:
666:
646:
633:Jan Želivský
626:
595:
592:Hussite Wars
567:
563:
552:
483:against the
474:
451:
433:Schaffhausen
394:
372:. He became
367:
353:and Duke of
336:
323:Papal States
314:
310:
306:
286:
285:
261:Spoken style
255:His Holiness
231:
204:Coat of arms
195:(1431-02-20)
183:Papal States
157:Innocent VII
153:12 June 1405
137:Consecration
96:Papacy ended
88:Papacy began
29:
6606:1431 deaths
6601:1369 births
6537:Laudato si'
6332:Pope Pius X
6161:Philip Neri
6136:Pope Pius V
6111:Thomas More
5980:Inquisition
5882:Charlemagne
5842:Monasticism
5652:Persecution
5544:Holy Spirit
5527:Crucifixion
5406:First seven
5265:Health care
5251:Pax Christi
5203:Schoenstatt
5168:Sant'Egidio
5000:Legionaries
4980:Franciscans
4955:Cistercians
4950:Carthusians
4905:Annonciades
4764:Altarpieces
4657:West Syriac
4652:East Syriac
4632:Alexandrian
4256:Holy orders
4237:Swiss Guard
4177:Dicasteries
4172:Roman Curia
4070:Evangelists
4028:Holy Family
3963:Personalism
3953:Natural law
3931:Josephology
3865:Holy orders
3503:Inquisition
3460:Middle Ages
3450:Monasticism
3418:Constantine
3342:Crucifixion
3186:(1945–1991)
3180:(1939–1945)
3168:(1870–1929)
3162:(1775–1848)
3150:(1585–1689)
3144:(1534–1585)
3138:(1417–1534)
3119:(1378–1417)
3113:(1309–1378)
3105:, 1228–1304
3099:, 1262–1297
3093:, 1257–1281
3084:(1048–1257)
3069:Middle Ages
3009:Middle Ages
2973:John Paul I
2948:Benedict XV
2928:Gregory XVI
2903:Clement XIV
2888:Clement XII
2858:Innocent XI
2797:Innocent IX
2792:Gregory XIV
2742:Clement VII
2672:Gregory XII
2662:Boniface IX
2642:Innocent VI
2617:Benedict XI
2607:Celestine V
2602:Nicholas IV
2597:Honorius IV
2547:Innocent IV
2506:Clement III
2456:Innocent II
2451:Honorius II
2441:Gelasius II
2421:Gregory VII
2411:Nicholas II
2371:Benedict IX
2316:Benedict VI
2291:Agapetus II
2266:Stephen VII
2241:Sergius III
2231:Benedict IV
2221:Theodore II
2206:Boniface VI
2105:Stephen III
2085:Gregory III
2075:Constantine
2040:Benedict II
1975:Adeodatus I
1970:Boniface IV
1950:Pelagius II
1910:Boniface II
1850:Celestine I
1789:Sylvester I
1774:Marcellus I
1769:Marcellinus
1704:Callixtus I
1689:Eleutherius
1664:Telesphorus
1654:Alexander I
1576:Papal names
1471:Gregory XII
1258:Semmes 1996
1209:Setton 1978
1145:Burton 2007
669:slave trade
485:condottiero
425:Gregory XII
272:Holy Father
108:Gregory XII
104:Predecessor
6595:Categories
6410:coronation
6116:Pope Leo X
5701:Tertullian
5631:Revelation
5606:Background
5020:Oratorians
4975:Dominicans
4945:Carmelites
4940:Camillians
4888:institutes
4701:Tridentine
4637:Antiochian
4557:Macedonian
4502:Belarusian
4392:Provincial
4307:Archbishop
4227:Roman Rota
4189:Properties
4114:By country
4110:Precedence
4075:Confessors
4055:Archangels
4045:Patriarchs
3945:Philosophy
3923:Veneration
3888:Assumption
3858:Last rites
3825:Sacraments
3769:Four marks
3580:Vatican II
3528:Modern era
3364:Succession
3129:Modern Era
3059:(974–1012)
2963:John XXIII
2873:Clement XI
2848:Clement IX
2838:Innocent X
2833:Urban VIII
2828:Gregory XV
2752:Julius III
2687:Nicholas V
2652:Gregory XI
2637:Clement VI
2572:Innocent V
2562:Clement IV
2537:Gregory IX
2491:Lucius III
2471:Eugene III
2436:Paschal II
2426:Victor III
2406:Stephen IX
2391:Damasus II
2386:Clement II
2381:Gregory VI
2356:Sergius IV
2351:John XVIII
2301:Benedict V
2286:Marinus II
2211:Stephen VI
2191:Adrian III
2171:Nicholas I
2156:Sergius II
2151:Gregory IV
2131:Stephen IV
2095:Stephen II
2080:Gregory II
2000:Theodore I
1985:Honorius I
1980:Boniface V
1945:Benedict I
1935:Pelagius I
1920:Agapetus I
1880:Gelasius I
1870:Simplicius
1855:Sixtus III
1845:Boniface I
1835:Innocent I
1699:Zephyrinus
1613:Pope-elect
1589:non-extant
1485:John XXIII
1334:References
1197:Davis 1988
914:Marinus II
859:Residences
405:John XXIII
295:Martinus V
129:Ordination
6426:Communism
6396:Ecumenism
5742:(380–451)
5734:(180–451)
5723:(313–476)
5645:(100–325)
5261:See also:
5213:Charities
5122:Discalced
5050:Trappists
5045:Theatines
5015:Olivetans
4960:Clarisses
4930:Blue nuns
4915:Basilians
4892:societies
4800:See also:
4686:Mozarabic
4676:Ambrosian
4662:Malankara
4647:Byzantine
4607:Ukrainian
4582:Ruthenian
4547:Hungarian
4532:Ethiopian
4507:Bulgarian
4474:sui iuris
4458:Postulant
4367:Religious
4322:Auxiliary
4317:Coadjutor
4287:Patriarch
4155:Cardinals
4102:Canon law
4098:Hierarchy
4080:Disciples
4003:Relations
3991:Evolution
3982:See also:
3927:See also:
3880:Mariology
3870:Matrimony
3843:Eucharist
3764:Ecumenism
3692:Salvation
3628:Catechism
3623:Tradition
3585:Communism
3433:Chalcedon
3053:(904–964)
3045:(756–857)
3039:(537–752)
3033:(493–537)
3025:(312–337)
2923:Pius VIII
2853:Clement X
2787:Urban VII
2737:Adrian VI
2727:Julius II
2707:Sixtus IV
2682:Eugene IV
2627:John XXII
2622:Clement V
2592:Martin IV
2567:Gregory X
2496:Urban III
2481:Adrian IV
2466:Lucius II
2401:Victor II
2346:John XVII
2336:Gregory V
2311:John XIII
2196:Stephen V
2186:Marinus I
2181:John VIII
2176:Adrian II
2146:Valentine
2141:Eugene II
2136:Paschal I
2070:Sisinnius
2055:Sergius I
1990:Severinus
1955:Gregory I
1925:Silverius
1895:Hormisdas
1890:Symmachus
1875:Felix III
1809:Damasus I
1784:Miltiades
1759:Eutychian
1749:Dionysius
1744:Sixtus II
1739:Stephen I
1729:Cornelius
1649:Evaristus
1644:Clement I
1639:Anacletus
1569:canonised
1564:graphical
1505:Eugene IV
1481:(Avignon)
1004:cite book
998:. Oxford.
910:Marinus I
906:Martin IV
899:Numbering
893:Gallicano
871:near the
744:prorogued
681:Sigismund
677:Manuel II
559:Benevento
470:cardinals
437:Constance
392:in 1405.
339:Genazzano
333:Biography
303:Martino V
179:Genazzano
118:Eugene IV
114:Successor
63:Pisanello
6436:HIV/AIDS
5930:Crusades
5684:Irenaeus
5677:Ignatius
5672:Polycarp
5522:Ministry
5510:(30–100)
5384:Timeline
5305:Category
5198:Opus Dei
5183:Scouting
5173:Focolare
5040:Servites
5025:Piarists
4970:Crosiers
4706:Anglican
4642:Armenian
4572:Romanian
4562:Maronite
4537:Georgian
4527:Eritrean
4512:Chaldean
4497:Armenian
4492:Albanian
4373:Superior
4332:Emeritus
4312:Diocesan
4165:Advisers
4124:Holy See
4050:Prophets
4008:Politics
3779:Catholic
3759:Councils
3614:Theology
3493:Crusades
3428:Nicaea I
3359:Apostles
3337:Ministry
3306:Timeline
3286:Glossary
3210:Category
3184:Cold War
2958:Pius XII
2938:Leo XIII
2913:Pius VII
2782:Sixtus V
2747:Paul III
2722:Pius III
2677:Martin V
2657:Urban VI
2582:John XXI
2577:Adrian V
2557:Urban IV
2431:Urban II
2366:John XIX
2326:John XIV
2306:Leo VIII
2296:John XII
2201:Formosus
2110:Adrian I
2065:John VII
2015:Vitalian
2010:Eugene I
2005:Martin I
1960:Sabinian
1940:John III
1930:Vigilius
1905:Felix IV
1865:Hilarius
1814:Siricius
1804:Liberius
1799:Julius I
1779:Eusebius
1734:Lucius I
1694:Victor I
1679:Anicetus
1659:Sixtus I
1596:Antipope
920:See also
885:Vicovaro
813:Antipope
727:Frequens
663:Crusades
657:Wycliffe
653:Lollards
641:Hussites
627:In 1419
622:Beghards
596:By 1415
502:and the
477:Florence
448:Election
142:by
42:Martin V
18:Martin V
6401:Judaism
5801:Vulgate
5611:Gospels
5586:Stephen
5503:Origins
5423:Vulgate
5359:General
5349:of the
5347:History
5270:Schools
5226:Caritas
5134:Secular
5100:Workers
4995:Jesuits
4781:Museums
4776:Library
4754:Writers
4749:Artists
4729:Culture
4696:Paul VI
4577:Russian
4567:Melkite
4409:Brother
4387:General
4327:Titular
4297:Primate
4275:Eparchy
4265:Diocese
4212:Outline
4151:College
4141:Francis
4085:Virgins
4060:Martyrs
3986:Science
3893:History
3848:Penance
3833:Baptism
3734:Worship
3707:Vulgate
3655:Kingdom
3650:Trinity
3638:General
3393:Primacy
3301:History
3281:Outline
3103:Perugia
3097:Orvieto
3091:Viterbo
2988:Francis
2968:Paul VI
2953:Pius XI
2933:Pius IX
2918:Leo XII
2908:Pius VI
2767:Pius IV
2762:Paul IV
2702:Paul II
2697:Pius II
2647:Urban V
2331:John XV
2276:Leo VII
2271:John XI
2226:John IX
2216:Romanus
2115:Leo III
2090:Zachary
2060:John VI
1995:John IV
1915:John II
1840:Zosimus
1754:Felix I
1719:Anterus
1714:Pontian
1709:Urban I
1669:Hyginus
1546:of the
1488:(Pisan)
1474:(Roman)
1260:citing
1184:, 1906"
768:Belgium
610:heretic
602:Jan Hus
598:Bohemia
578:England
536:Spoleto
500:Romagna
496:Bologna
417:Perugia
413:Orvieto
343:Colonna
315:Colonna
299:Italian
80:Elected
6367:Nazism
6189:to the
5796:Jerome
5706:Origen
5389:Papacy
5148:Fimcap
5090:Marian
5010:Minims
4742:Marian
4592:Syriac
4587:Slovak
4517:Coptic
4453:Oblate
4448:Master
4443:Novice
4438:Hermit
4426:Sister
4382:Abbess
4349:Deacon
4344:Priest
4339:Parish
4282:Bishop
4252:Polity
4038:Joseph
4020:Saints
3687:Saints
3575:Nazism
2943:Pius X
2823:Paul V
2818:Leo XI
2772:Pius V
2396:Leo IX
2261:Leo VI
2256:John X
2161:Leo IV
2100:Paul I
2045:John V
2035:Leo II
2030:Agatho
1900:John I
1724:Fabian
1674:Pius I
1584:extant
1580:Tombs
1447:
1428:
1409:
1390:
1377:Review
1368:
1323:
1285:
1229:
889:Marino
881:Tivoli
877:Latium
853:
849:
780:stroke
764:Leuven
738:(the "
582:France
530:, and
528:Rimini
504:Marche
492:Umbria
443:Papacy
421:Umbria
376:under
355:Venosa
311:Oddone
124:Orders
70:Church
6616:Popes
6469:Islam
5737:Roman
5696:Canon
5569:Peter
5517:Jesus
5246:CIDSE
5095:Youth
4819:Media
4786:Music
4711:Zaire
4691:Roman
4681:Braga
4671:Latin
4542:Greek
4414:Friar
4378:Abbot
4292:Major
4207:Index
4106:Laity
3672:Dogma
3619:Bible
3595:Islam
3551:Trent
3332:Jesus
3314:Legal
3276:Index
2732:Leo X
2251:Lando
2236:Leo V
2050:Conon
2025:Donus
1860:Leo I
1764:Caius
1684:Soter
1634:Linus
1629:Peter
1544:Popes
981:Notes
837:Caffa
809:Forlì
774:Death
736:Siena
732:Pavia
608:as a
586:Spain
520:Imola
512:Forlì
359:Paola
291:Latin
6519:2023
6514:2019
6509:2016
6504:2013
6499:2011
6494:2008
6489:2005
6484:2002
6479:2000
6446:1995
5616:Acts
5579:Paul
5574:John
5549:Mary
4771:Folk
4419:Monk
4160:List
4138:Pope
4033:Mary
1794:Mark
1495:Pope
1445:ISBN
1426:ISBN
1407:ISBN
1388:ISBN
1366:ISBN
1321:ISBN
1283:ISBN
1227:ISBN
1010:link
912:and
805:Jews
695:and
584:and
419:and
409:Todi
361:was
347:Rome
309:(or
307:Otto
280:None
190:Died
168:Born
37:Pope
5505:and
5455:Art
5085:Lay
4737:Art
4431:Nun
4153:of
3645:God
807:in
534:in
526:in
518:in
510:in
388:by
384:of
155:by
6597::
4890:,
4380:,
1349:.
1137:^
1127:.
1114:^
1096:^
1086:.
1065:^
1048:^
1006:}}
1002:{{
891:,
887:,
883:,
786:.
770:.
671:.
620:.
588:.
580:,
576:,
522:,
514:,
494:,
415:,
411:,
313:)
301::
297:;
293::
181:,
6412:)
6408:(
5339:e
5332:t
5325:v
4885:,
4369::
4258:)
4254:(
4131:)
4127:(
3257:e
3250:t
3243:v
1536:e
1529:t
1522:v
1453:.
1434:.
1415:.
1396:.
1374:.
1291:.
1235:.
1186:.
1131:.
1090:.
1059:.
1012:)
879:(
549:.
289:(
20:)
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