Knowledge

Mary Colter

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Native American cultures began. When the Indian community was ravaged by a smallpox outbreak, Colter's mother tried to burn all of the Native American things they had for fear that it would get her family sick. Mary, however, hid those drawings from her mother and so prevented them from being burned. Mary also kept these same Sioux drawings for much of her life, bequeathing them to the
225:(now the San Francisco Art Institute) until 1890, where she studied art and design. She promised that, when she graduated, she would return to St. Paul to financially support her mother and older sister, who was chronically ill. While in San Francisco, she apprenticed in an architect's office to gain experience and support herself. She was taught by teachers including 423: 518:, has been called "the last great railroad hotel built in America". She was architect and designer for the entire resort, from the buildings to the acres of gardens, the furniture, china – even the maids' uniforms. Closed in 1957, in a long decline it was first a drab 1960s office building for the Santa Fe, and then was empty when the 341: 308:
leatherwork. His merchandisers designed goods based on those artifacts. And in strategic locations, Colter produced commercial architecture with striking decor, based on some concern for authenticity, floorplans calculated for good user experience and commercial function, and a playful sense of the dramatic inside and out.
273:(since demolished). The Indian Buildings, one of Minnie's ideas executed by her husband, were meant to entertain passengers as trains made stops to replenish water and fuel. Colter was given the challenge of arranging salesrooms so tourists could imagine displaying goods in their homes. She also worked with 502:
sand paintings and rugs with hand-carved and hand-painted furniture. The original plans sketched about 100 bedrooms and 15 shared baths, making the structure physically obsolete before it was razed to make way for widening Route 77 in 1957, shortly before Colter's death. (She saw demolitions of a few
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covers the route). Later that year Mimbreño plates and pieces became available to ordinary individuals for the first time, disposed of in two large public offerings. Mimbreño railroad china remains avidly and competitively collected, with single plates selling for many hundreds of dollars. A line of
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Colter began working full-time for the company in 1910, moving from interior designer to architect in a position based in Kansas City. For the next 38 years, Colter served as chief architect and decorator for the Fred Harvey Company. As one of the country's few female architects – and arguably the
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The Harvey Company got the concession in 1922 to operate a camp at the bottom of the Grand Canyon. Considering the Phantom Ranch's location, Colter's use of on-site fieldstone and rough-hewn wood was deemed the only practical thing for the permanent buildings that replaced tents. In the following
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In 1880, the town of St. Paul was boasting a population of 40,000 people and a large minority population of Sioux Indians. As a child, a family friend, John Graham, presented the Colter family with Sioux drawings, made by prisoners at Fort Keogh. This is the point where her fascination with the
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For the next seven years, Colter continued working for Harvey from St. Paul. She continued teaching and her involvement in art and clubs in the city. In 1908, Colter moved with her mother and sister to Seattle to take a position developing the Decoration Department for the Frederick and Nelson
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developed the West along the Santa Fe's main route through strategic use of restaurant efficiency, clean-cut and pretty young women, high-end tourism, and quality souvenirs. Anthropologists on his staff located the most appealing Native American art and artifacts like pottery, jewelry, and
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to put murals in the dining areas. Showing that she was unafraid of the modern when the situation called for it, Colter installed plate glass windows to open up views of the splendid scenery. Closed in 1963, the inn survived a threatened demolition, and was placed on the
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to make the furniture. Native American styles were employed in hand-crafted chandeliers, copper and tin lighting fixtures, tiles and textiles, and other ornamentation. La Fonda became the most successful of the Harvey House hotels. Its striking blend of
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artisans on the site, and designed in sandstone to resemble a Hopi pueblo. (Unfortunately, a recent cleaning eliminated the artificial age-effects.) The Watchtower was the product of travel and research, and she cared enough to herself prepare a
544:, an artist, purchased it, and soon reopened parts of the hotel for business. However, the hotel was without many of the design elements, which had been auctioned off. Today, a museum of Mion's paintings is on the second floor; works by 1743:
Yolonda, Youngs. “Lookout Studio – Nature, Culture and History at the Grand Canyon.” Arizona State University. Nature, Culture and History at the Grand Canyon © 2021. All Rights Reserved. Accessed October 17, 2021.
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for fifteen years and lectured at the University Extension School. At this time, she was involved in the Arts and Crafts movement. She was also a clubwoman, and gave several lectures and classes related to art.
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most outstanding – Colter worked in often rugged conditions to complete 21 landmark hotels, commercial lodges, and public spaces for the Fred Harvey Company, by then being run by the founder's sons.
319:, in 1925 and leased it to the Harvey Company to operate. For a major expansion, Colter was assigned to do the interior design and decorating. She hired artists and artisans from the nearby 1730:
Weigle, Marta. "Exposition and Mediation: Mary Colter, Erna Fergusson, and the Santa Fe/Harvey Popularization of the Native Southwest, 1902–1940." Frontiers (Boulder) 12.3 (1992): 116. Web.
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department store in Seattle. Colter left the position in 1909, when her mother became ill and died. The Colter sisters returned to St. Paul to bury their mother in the family plot.
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Rennicke, Jeff. "Mary Jane Colter: architect: called 'the best-known unknown architect in the national parks,' Mary Jane Colter left her mark on a profession and on our parks."
525: 1171: 571:. Under a spectacular arched ceiling, a dazzling floor appears to be random zigzags and geometrics; from another angle the pattern turns out to be a block-long 1786: 1735:
Manual for Drivers and Guides: Descriptive of the Indian Watchtower at Desert View and Its Relation, Architecturally, to the Prehistoric Ruins of the Southwest
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Manual for Drivers and Guides Descriptive of the Indian Watchtower at Desert View and its Relation, Architecturally, to the Prehistoric Ruins of the Southwest
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Matusik, Barbara Ann. “The Phenomena of Mary Elizabeth Jane Colter: Creating an Architectural Sense of Place on Grand Canyon.” University of Florida, 2017.
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and designer. She was one of the very few female American architects in her day. She was the designer of many landmark buildings and spaces for the
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and began designing a curio shop. Upon returning to St. Paul to teach in the fall, Colter continued her work on the curio shop, which became the
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is going into the former depot. The compound and gardens, being restored to the original and intended grandeur, are the core elements of the
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from 1924 to 1927. Mimbreño china was produced by the Onondaga Pottery Co. of Syracuse, New York under its better-known trade name,
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Hopi House, The Lookout, Hermit's Rest, Phantom Ranch, the Desert View Watchtower, Bright Angel Lodge, El Navajo, and the La Fonda
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Four of her Grand Canyon National Park buildings are protected within the Mary Jane Colter National Historic Landmark District.
461:, as if it had been wired together by a reclusive mountain man. The Hopi House was a market for Native American crafts, made by 1802: 1231:"Living History – How Santa Fe became the capital of Fred Harvey, the Harvey Girls and the history of civilizing the Southwest" 733: 710: 717:. She had to watch as many of her famous works were destroyed during her lifetime as automobile travel replaced train travel. 457:
A chain-smoking perfectionist, Colter cared about backstory and attractive features. She conceived Hermit's Rest as a sort of
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for a year, Colter moved back to St. Paul and taught art, drafting, and architecture for some years. Colter taught at the
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Colter, Mary Elizabeth Jane, et al. Mary Colter: Architect of the Southwest. United States, Princeton Archit.Press, 2002.
474:. She also insisted on her proposed name "Phantom Ranch" (over "Roosevelt Ranch") to capitalize on better mental images. 2998: 2610: 1506: 1473: 440: 400: 171: 2968: 2387: 1832: 849: 607: 568: 553: 436: 392: 222: 107: 2027: 2022: 588: 385: 381: 349: 304: 183: 163: 2692: 2229: 1955: 1649: 241: 2791: 2119: 1594: 1531: 1319: 2712: 2239: 2224: 2073: 1919: 1771: 714: 412: 167: 66: 2771: 2433: 2234: 1014: 2873: 2817: 2559: 2523: 2265: 2114: 1837: 706: 584: 270: 2914: 2528: 1206:"Mary J. Colter properties – Celebrate Women's History Month with the National Register of Historic Places" 1090:, vol. 61, no. 3, The Southwest Center, University of Arizona, 2019, pp. 613–39, doi:10.1353/jsw.2019.0042. 2646: 2641: 2361: 2170: 2150: 797: 365: 221:
Colter graduated high school in 1883 at the age of 14. After her father died in 1886, Colter attended the
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styles, often synthesizing several together evocatively. Colter's work is credited with inspiring the
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Late in her career, Colter designed the exuberant Harvey House restaurant at the 1939 Los Angeles
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By one account, in 1902, Minnie Harvey Huckel helped Colter obtain a summer job with her family's
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in 1987. It reopened in 2006, restored to the way it looked circa 1949 after Colter's redesign.
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Colter, Mary Elizabeth Jane, Janet R Balsom, Fred Harvey (Firm), and Grand Canyon Association.
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motifs. Then Colter supervised the refreshening, provided a new color scheme, and commissioned
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buildings at the bottom of the canyon. Colter also decorated, but did not design, the park's
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other projects before she died, causing her to despair, "It's possible to live too long.")
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structures, influencing the look and feel of an entire genre of parkitecture, often called
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and business class dining services were discontinued after the train was turned over to
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Historic American Buildings Survey: Bright Angel Lodge, Grand Canyon Village, South Rim
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Indian Building at the Alvarado Hotel, Albuquerque, New Mexico, c. 1902 (Demolished)
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Reeder, Linda C. “Architect Mary E. J. Colter and the Arts and Crafts Movement.”
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The trend-setting Phantom Ranch Canteen, built at the bottom of the Grand Canyon
416: 17: 2909: 2878: 2165: 1574:"Painted Desert Inn–Route 66: A Discover Our Shared Heritage Travel Itinerary" 906: 756: 665: 353: 282: 195: 1510: 1481: 648:. Colter, herself by then an Indian art expert, based her designs on 1100 CE 2682: 2330: 541: 447: 166:. Her work had enormous influence as she helped to create a style, blending 151: 1724:
Grattan, Virginia L. Mary Colter, Builder upon the Red Earth (1992). Print.
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Not long before her retirement, Colter took on the 1947 renovation of the
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cocktail lounge were padlocked except for occasional movie shoots and
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Pioneering Women of American Architecture, Mary Elizabeth Jane Colter
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tours until 2018. On 4 October 2018, the restaurant was reopened as
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heard about the endangered masterpiece, and in 1996 he and his wife
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Ashtray designed by Mary Colter inspired by Native American motifs
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years this innovative work became a de facto model for subsequent
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Desert View Watchtower (1932) Grand Canyon National Park South Rim
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and Spanish artistic influences, today known locally as the
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https://grcahistory.org/sites/south-rim/lookout-studio/.
1737:. Grand Canyon, Arizona: Grand Canyon Association, 2015. 1150:"New Mexico Office of the State Historian | people" 522:
placed the hotel on its annual "Most Endangered" list.
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Chicago–Los Angeles rail service, begun in 1936 by the
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Colter's pioneering masterwork may have been the 1923
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to be her masterpiece. The sprawling, hacienda-style
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The fabulous dining room and her sleek, 1787: 182:elements, that became popular throughout the 8: 2989:Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway people 257:23-year old Mary Colter making a metal bowl. 1507:"History of La Posada Hotel in Winslow, AZ" 1011:"View all information for Mary Jane Colter" 2741: 2730: 2462: 2451: 2320: 2309: 2204: 2193: 1822: 1811: 1794: 1780: 1772: 1727:Doumato, Lamia. Mary Colter (1987). Print. 1047:10.1093/gao/9781884446054.article.t2088413 907:"Mary Colter (U.S. National Park Service)" 40: 29: 2266:Polingaysi Qöyawayma (Elizabeth Q. White) 1595:"New Mexico Art Tells New Mexico History" 705:, in 1948. She donated her collection of 498:. Her breakthrough creation incorporated 332:, became very popular across the region. 1041:. Vol. 1. Oxford University Press. 740:National Cowgirl Museum and Hall of Fame 520:National Trust for Historic Preservation 1374:, vol. 82, no. 2, spring 2008, pp. 30+. 1278:Mary Colter: Builder Upon the Red Earth 1176:National Parks Conservation Association 986:Mary Colter: Architect of the Southwest 936:Mary Colter: Builder Upon The Red Earth 898: 839:El Ortiz, Lamy, New Mexico (Demolished) 529:Mary Colter looking at blueprints with 494:building by Santa Fe Railway architect 548:line the sculpture court; a museum of 506:Mary Colter herself declared the 1930 315:hotel on the plaza of the old city of 125:William Colter, Rebecca Crozier Colter 1501: 1499: 1366: 1364: 1362: 1320:"Pueblo Deco: Americana Architecture" 1200: 1198: 1196: 397:Spanish Colonial Revival architecture 7: 1762:Archive images of Gallup's El Navajo 1119: 1117: 1082: 1080: 1078: 1076: 1074: 1072: 1070: 1068: 1066: 978: 976: 974: 972: 970: 968: 966: 964: 962: 960: 928: 926: 629:National Register of Historic Places 606:, a 1922 inn had been overhauled by 352:, mostly on the South Rim: the 1905 216:Custer Battlefield National Monument 3034:Spanish Colonial Revival architects 1646:National Historic Landmarks Program 1347:. Grand Canyon Lodges. 10 July 2013 1318:Daniels, Mary (November 11, 1990). 1126:The First American Women Architects 887:List of California women architects 3029:San Francisco Art Institute alumni 1453:"Architecture Series: Mary Colter" 652:patterns excavated by her friends 446:For her Bright Angel Lodge on the 25: 1699:Cowgirl Hall of Fame & Museum 1413:. Collectorsguide.com. 2012-07-13 989:. Princeton Architectural Press. 614:style, using local materials and 311:The Santa Fe railroad bought the 720:Colter died on January 8, 1958. 1555:. Eater Los Angeles. 2018-09-27 1103:. Phantomphiles.com. 2012-04-14 638:and flatware for the glamorous 384:, as a group, were listed as a 2994:Cowgirl Hall of Fame inductees 1642:"Colter, Mary Jane, Buildings" 1509:. Laposada.org. Archived from 814:Petrified Forest National Park 600:Petrified Forest National Park 27:American architect (1869–1958) 1: 3039:Streamline Moderne architects 1894:Frances Lillian Willard Munds 1767:NPR two-part series on Colter 1275:Grattan, Virginia L. (1980). 1229:Fried, Stephen (2013-08-02). 1172:"Mary Jane Colter: Architect" 845:, Santa Fe, New Mexico, 1925, 589:Imperial Western Beer Company 3044:Architects from Pennsylvania 3009:Mission Revival architecture 2693:Sharon Harper (Ethnographer) 2611:Christine Kajikawa Wilkinson 1803:Arizona Women's Hall of Fame 1671:"Mary Elizabeth Jane Colter" 1534:. Laobserved.com. 2011-05-02 1035:Berke, Arnold (2010-09-16). 806:, Grand Canyon Village, 1935 800:, Grand Canyon Village, 1932 777:, Grand Canyon Village, 1922 771:, Grand Canyon Village, 1914 765:, Grand Canyon Village, 1914 759:, Grand Canyon Village, 1905 734:Arizona Women's Hall of Fame 441:National Park Service Rustic 401:Mission Revival architecture 234:Stout Manual Training School 172:Mission Revival architecture 3019:American railway architects 3014:Pueblo Revival architecture 2388:Lucretia Breazeale Hamilton 1833:Mary-Russell Ferrell Colton 1616:Spano, Susan (2012-07-18). 1478:La Posada Hotel and Gardens 608:Civilian Conservation Corps 554:La Posada Historic District 437:Civilian Conservation Corps 393:Pueblo Revival architecture 223:California School of Design 108:California School of Design 3065: 3049:Architects from Pittsburgh 2984:Arts and Crafts architects 2979:Architects from New Mexico 2792:Catherine Steele (Arizona) 2120:Hallie Bost Wright Hopkins 2023:Mary Elizabeth Jane Colter 1597:. New Mexico Museum of Art 1434:. Laposada.org. 2014-09-04 933:Grattan, Virginia (1980). 634:Colter was the creator of 556:on the National Register. 386:National Historic Landmark 382:Mary Jane Colter Buildings 350:Grand Canyon National Park 164:Grand Canyon National Park 148:Mary Elizabeth Jane Colter 53:Mary Elizabeth Jane Colter 2974:American women architects 2740: 2729: 2713:Barbara Rodriguez Mundell 2461: 2450: 2319: 2308: 2203: 2192: 2028:Helen Congdon D'Autremont 1821: 1810: 848:Harvey House Restaurant, 242:Mechanic Arts High School 141: 129: 39: 2772:Gracia Liliana Fernandez 2240:Florence Brookhart Yount 2235:Minnie McFarland Stevens 2225:Josephine Brawley Hughes 2074:Ann-Eve Mansfeld Johnson 1920:Angela Hutchinson Hammer 1124:Allaback, Sarah (2008). 1088:Journal of the Southwest 715:Mesa Verde National Park 512:Spanish Colonial Revival 413:Arts and Crafts Movement 206:before settling down in 194:Mary Colter was born in 190:Early life and education 168:Spanish Colonial Revival 67:Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 3024:Rustic style architects 2069:Eulalia "Sister" Bourne 1956:Rachel Emma Allen Berry 1838:Cordelia Adams Crawford 1308:Refer to "6 data pages" 1170:Rennicke, Jeff (2008). 707:Native American pottery 680:in May 1971 (today the 672:until 1970. The luxury 585:Los Angeles Conservancy 2874:Victoria Mary Stephens 2818:Armida Guerena Bittner 2560:Louise Foucar Marshall 2524:Jacque Yelland Steiner 2151:Guess Eleanor Birchett 2115:Josephine W. Goldwater 1848:Isabella Greenway King 1805:– by year of induction 1152:. Newmexicohistory.org 983:Berke, Arnold (2002). 836:, Grand Canyon Village 798:Desert View Watchtower 698: 564: 534: 454:down the canyon wall. 427: 372:complex, and the 1922 366:Desert View Watchtower 345: 336:Grand Canyon buildings 301: 258: 232:After teaching at the 2915:Octaviana J. Trujillo 2838:Gerda Weissmann Klein 2529:Dorothy Elaine Powell 2473:Helene Thomas Bennett 2434:Sister Kathleen Clark 2261:Margaret Taylor Hance 2256:Margaret Bell Douglas 2089:Hattie Greene Lockett 2007:Louisa Wade Wetherill 882:Women in architecture 877:Mary Colter buildings 696: 562: 528: 433:National Park Service 425: 343: 299: 256: 3004:Grand Canyon history 2787:Karrin Taylor Robson 2703:Cindy Hensley McCain 2647:Margaret Injasoulian 2429:C. Louise Boehringer 2362:Winona E. Montgomery 2271:Margaret Sanger Slee 2215:Clara Osborne Botzum 2171:Elizabeth S. Oldaker 1915:Mary Bernard Aguirre 1899:Placida Garcia Smith 703:Santa Fe, New Mexico 317:Santa Fe, New Mexico 238:Menomonie, Wisconsin 227:Arthur Frank Mathews 86:Santa Fe, New Mexico 2999:Fred Harvey Company 2930:Diana Yazzie Devine 2483:Pauline Bates Brown 2357:Louise Lincoln Kerr 2336:Annie Dodge Wauneka 2331:Mary Elizabeth Post 2161:Jessie Benton Evans 2084:Jessie Harper Linde 1997:Sarah Herring Sorin 1976:Carmen Soto Vasquez 1966:Sallie Davis Hayden 1930:Edith Stratton Kitt 1889:Maie Bartlett Heard 852:, Los Angeles, 1939 697:Mary Colter, age 80 391:Colter worked with 263:Fred Harvey Company 208:St. Paul, Minnesota 156:Fred Harvey Company 2969:American designers 2519:Helen Sekaquaptewa 2488:Jean Maddock Clark 2424:Katharine Bartlett 2398:Patricia Ann McGee 2033:Minnie K. Guenther 1695:"Mary Jane Colter" 810:Painted Desert Inn 804:Bright Angel Lodge 782:Gallup, New Mexico 701:Colter retired to 699: 658:Cornelius Cosgrove 596:Painted Desert Inn 581:Streamline Moderne 565: 535: 488:Gallup, New Mexico 452:Bright Angel Trail 428: 409:American Craftsman 405:Streamline Moderne 370:Bright Angel Lodge 346: 302: 275:Charles Whittlesey 259: 2946: 2945: 2942: 2941: 2938: 2937: 2725: 2724: 2721: 2720: 2657:Bridgie M. Porter 2591:Sister Clare Dunn 2555:Lorraine W. Frank 2478:Alice M. Birdsall 2446: 2445: 2442: 2441: 2383:Jessie Gray Bevan 2304: 2303: 2300: 2299: 2230:Elizabeth Shannon 2188: 2187: 2184: 2183: 2156:Polly Hicks Brown 1935:Amy Cornwall Neal 1853:Lorna E. Lockwood 1235:Santa Fe Reporter 1135:978-0-252-03321-6 1056:978-1-884446-05-4 996:978-1-56898-295-3 866:Super Chief, 1936 864:Santa Fe Railroad 857:Industrial design 727:Awards and honors 646:Santa Fe Railroad 344:Hopi House (1905) 160:Santa Fe Railroad 145: 144: 16:(Redirected from 3056: 2900:Eleanor Ragsdale 2895:LaVerne Williams 2869:Janet Napolitano 2757:Jana Bommersbach 2742: 2731: 2708:Rosa Lyons McKay 2698:Guadalupe Huerta 2493:Anne E. Lindeman 2463: 2452: 2367:Clara Lee Tanner 2321: 2310: 2205: 2194: 2176:Minna Vrang Orme 2002:Grace M. Sparkes 1823: 1812: 1796: 1789: 1782: 1773: 1709: 1708: 1706: 1705: 1691: 1685: 1684: 1682: 1681: 1667: 1661: 1660: 1658: 1657: 1648:. Archived from 1638: 1632: 1631: 1629: 1628: 1613: 1607: 1606: 1604: 1602: 1591: 1585: 1584: 1582: 1581: 1570: 1564: 1563: 1561: 1560: 1549: 1543: 1542: 1540: 1539: 1528: 1522: 1521: 1519: 1518: 1503: 1494: 1493: 1491: 1489: 1484:on July 28, 2017 1480:. 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Fairfax 2736: 2717: 2688:Emma Lee French 2666: 2637:Josefina Franco 2620: 2601:Clara M. Schell 2574: 2545:Marietta Bryant 2533: 2497: 2457: 2438: 2419:Betty Accomazzo 2407: 2403:Polly Rosenbaum 2371: 2340: 2315: 2296: 2280: 2244: 2220:Vernell Coleman 2199: 2180: 2139: 2098: 2057: 2053:Clarissa Winsor 2011: 1980: 1944: 1925:Laura E. Herron 1903: 1862: 1858:Anna Moore Shaw 1817: 1806: 1800: 1751: 1718: 1716:Further reading 1713: 1712: 1703: 1701: 1693: 1692: 1688: 1679: 1677: 1669: 1668: 1664: 1655: 1653: 1640: 1639: 1635: 1626: 1624: 1622:Smithsonian.com 1615: 1614: 1610: 1600: 1598: 1593: 1592: 1588: 1579: 1577: 1572: 1571: 1567: 1558: 1556: 1551: 1550: 1546: 1537: 1535: 1530: 1529: 1525: 1516: 1514: 1505: 1504: 1497: 1487: 1485: 1472: 1471: 1467: 1458: 1456: 1451: 1450: 1446: 1437: 1435: 1430: 1429: 1425: 1416: 1414: 1409: 1408: 1404: 1394: 1392: 1391:on 5 March 2016 1383: 1382: 1378: 1369: 1360: 1350: 1348: 1345:"Phantom Ranch" 1343: 1342: 1338: 1328: 1326: 1324:Chicago Tribune 1317: 1316: 1312: 1304: 1300: 1293: 1274: 1273: 1269: 1260: 1258: 1253: 1252: 1248: 1239: 1237: 1228: 1227: 1223: 1214: 1212: 1204: 1203: 1194: 1185: 1183: 1169: 1168: 1164: 1155: 1153: 1148: 1147: 1143: 1136: 1123: 1122: 1115: 1106: 1104: 1099: 1098: 1094: 1085: 1064: 1057: 1034: 1033: 1029: 1020: 1018: 1009: 1008: 1004: 997: 982: 981: 958: 951: 932: 931: 924: 915: 913: 905: 904: 900: 895: 873: 859: 827: 825:Interior design 788:La Posada Hotel 753: 748: 746:Design projects 729: 691: 682:Southwest Chief 670:Syracuse China, 616:Native American 612:Mission Revival 610:workers to the 508:La Posada Hotel 480: 364:, and the 1932 338: 251: 192: 176:Native American 104:Alma mater 89: 83: 79: 78:January 8, 1958 70: 64: 58: 56: 55: 54: 35: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 3062: 3060: 3052: 3051: 3046: 3041: 3036: 3031: 3026: 3021: 3016: 3011: 3006: 3001: 2996: 2991: 2986: 2981: 2976: 2971: 2966: 2961: 2951: 2950: 2944: 2943: 2940: 2939: 2936: 2935: 2933: 2932: 2927: 2922: 2917: 2912: 2907: 2905:Theodora Marsh 2902: 2897: 2891: 2889: 2885: 2884: 2882: 2881: 2876: 2871: 2866: 2861: 2859:Sheila Grinell 2856: 2850: 2848: 2844: 2843: 2841: 2840: 2835: 2830: 2825: 2820: 2815: 2809: 2807: 2803: 2802: 2800: 2799: 2797:Carolyn Warner 2794: 2789: 2784: 2779: 2774: 2769: 2764: 2759: 2754: 2752:Betsey Bayless 2748: 2746: 2738: 2737: 2734: 2727: 2726: 2723: 2722: 2719: 2718: 2716: 2715: 2710: 2705: 2700: 2695: 2690: 2685: 2680: 2674: 2672: 2668: 2667: 2665: 2664: 2659: 2654: 2649: 2644: 2639: 2634: 2628: 2626: 2622: 2621: 2619: 2618: 2613: 2608: 2603: 2598: 2596:Gladys McGarey 2593: 2588: 2586:Rebecca Dallis 2582: 2580: 2576: 2575: 2573: 2572: 2567: 2565:Helen K. Mason 2562: 2557: 2552: 2547: 2541: 2539: 2535: 2534: 2532: 2531: 2526: 2521: 2516: 2514:Jean Chaudhuri 2511: 2509:Rose E. Collom 2505: 2503: 2499: 2498: 2496: 2495: 2490: 2485: 2480: 2475: 2469: 2467: 2459: 2458: 2455: 2448: 2447: 2444: 2443: 2440: 2439: 2437: 2436: 2431: 2426: 2421: 2415: 2413: 2409: 2408: 2406: 2405: 2400: 2395: 2390: 2385: 2379: 2377: 2373: 2372: 2370: 2369: 2364: 2359: 2354: 2348: 2346: 2342: 2341: 2339: 2338: 2333: 2327: 2325: 2317: 2316: 2313: 2306: 2305: 2302: 2301: 2298: 2297: 2295: 2294: 2292:Maria Urquides 2288: 2286: 2282: 2281: 2279: 2278: 2273: 2268: 2263: 2258: 2252: 2250: 2246: 2245: 2243: 2242: 2237: 2232: 2227: 2222: 2217: 2211: 2209: 2201: 2200: 2197: 2190: 2189: 2186: 2185: 2182: 2181: 2179: 2178: 2173: 2168: 2163: 2158: 2153: 2147: 2145: 2141: 2140: 2138: 2137: 2132: 2127: 2122: 2117: 2112: 2110:Grace Chapella 2106: 2104: 2100: 2099: 2097: 2096: 2094:Clara T. Woody 2091: 2086: 2081: 2079:Abbie W. Keith 2076: 2071: 2065: 2063: 2059: 2058: 2056: 2055: 2050: 2045: 2040: 2035: 2030: 2025: 2019: 2017: 2013: 2012: 2010: 2009: 2004: 1999: 1994: 1988: 1986: 1982: 1981: 1979: 1978: 1973: 1968: 1963: 1961:Nellie Cashman 1958: 1952: 1950: 1946: 1945: 1943: 1942: 1937: 1932: 1927: 1922: 1917: 1911: 1909: 1905: 1904: 1902: 1901: 1896: 1891: 1886: 1884:Ana Frohmiller 1881: 1876: 1874:Nellie T. Bush 1870: 1868: 1864: 1863: 1861: 1860: 1855: 1850: 1845: 1840: 1835: 1829: 1827: 1819: 1818: 1815: 1808: 1807: 1801: 1799: 1798: 1791: 1784: 1776: 1770: 1769: 1764: 1758: 1757: 1750: 1749:External links 1747: 1746: 1745: 1741: 1738: 1731: 1728: 1725: 1722: 1717: 1714: 1711: 1710: 1686: 1662: 1633: 1608: 1586: 1565: 1544: 1523: 1495: 1465: 1444: 1423: 1402: 1376: 1372:National Parks 1358: 1336: 1310: 1298: 1291: 1267: 1246: 1221: 1192: 1162: 1141: 1134: 1113: 1092: 1062: 1055: 1027: 1002: 995: 956: 949: 922: 897: 896: 894: 891: 890: 889: 884: 879: 872: 869: 868: 867: 858: 855: 854: 853: 846: 840: 837: 834:El Tovar Hotel 831: 826: 823: 822: 821: 807: 801: 795: 785: 778: 772: 769:Lookout Studio 766: 760: 752: 749: 747: 744: 743: 742: 736: 728: 725: 690: 687: 636:Mimbreño china 496:A. E. Harrison 479: 476: 378:El Tovar Hotel 362:Lookout Studio 337: 334: 330:Santa Fe Style 279:El Tovar Hotel 267:Alvarado Hotel 250: 247: 191: 188: 143: 142: 139: 138: 135: 131: 130: 127: 126: 123: 119: 118: 115: 111: 110: 105: 101: 100: 95: 91: 90: 84: 82:(aged 88) 76: 72: 71: 65: 52: 50: 46: 45: 37: 36: 33: 26: 24: 14: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 3061: 3050: 3047: 3045: 3042: 3040: 3037: 3035: 3032: 3030: 3027: 3025: 3022: 3020: 3017: 3015: 3012: 3010: 3007: 3005: 3002: 3000: 2997: 2995: 2992: 2990: 2987: 2985: 2982: 2980: 2977: 2975: 2972: 2970: 2967: 2965: 2962: 2960: 2957: 2956: 2954: 2931: 2928: 2926: 2925:Denise Resnik 2923: 2921: 2918: 2916: 2913: 2911: 2908: 2906: 2903: 2901: 2898: 2896: 2893: 2892: 2890: 2886: 2880: 2877: 2875: 2872: 2870: 2867: 2865: 2862: 2860: 2857: 2855: 2854:Dosia Carlson 2852: 2851: 2849: 2845: 2839: 2836: 2834: 2833:Jane Dee Hull 2831: 2829: 2826: 2824: 2821: 2819: 2816: 2814: 2811: 2810: 2808: 2804: 2798: 2795: 2793: 2790: 2788: 2785: 2783: 2780: 2778: 2775: 2773: 2770: 2768: 2765: 2763: 2762:Betty Fairfax 2760: 2758: 2755: 2753: 2750: 2749: 2747: 2743: 2739: 2732: 2728: 2714: 2711: 2709: 2706: 2704: 2701: 2699: 2696: 2694: 2691: 2689: 2686: 2684: 2681: 2679: 2676: 2675: 2673: 2669: 2663: 2660: 2658: 2655: 2653: 2652:Alison Levine 2650: 2648: 2645: 2643: 2640: 2638: 2635: 2633: 2630: 2629: 2627: 2623: 2617: 2614: 2612: 2609: 2607: 2604: 2602: 2599: 2597: 2594: 2592: 2589: 2587: 2584: 2583: 2581: 2577: 2571: 2570:Lucy Sikorsky 2568: 2566: 2563: 2561: 2558: 2556: 2553: 2551: 2548: 2546: 2543: 2542: 2540: 2536: 2530: 2527: 2525: 2522: 2520: 2517: 2515: 2512: 2510: 2507: 2506: 2504: 2500: 2494: 2491: 2489: 2486: 2484: 2481: 2479: 2476: 2474: 2471: 2470: 2468: 2464: 2460: 2453: 2449: 2435: 2432: 2430: 2427: 2425: 2422: 2420: 2417: 2416: 2414: 2410: 2404: 2401: 2399: 2396: 2394: 2393:Ethel Maynard 2391: 2389: 2386: 2384: 2381: 2380: 2378: 2374: 2368: 2365: 2363: 2360: 2358: 2355: 2353: 2352:Veora Johnson 2350: 2349: 2347: 2343: 2337: 2334: 2332: 2329: 2328: 2326: 2322: 2318: 2311: 2307: 2293: 2290: 2289: 2287: 2283: 2277: 2274: 2272: 2269: 2267: 2264: 2262: 2259: 2257: 2254: 2253: 2251: 2247: 2241: 2238: 2236: 2233: 2231: 2228: 2226: 2223: 2221: 2218: 2216: 2213: 2212: 2210: 2206: 2202: 2195: 2191: 2177: 2174: 2172: 2169: 2167: 2164: 2162: 2159: 2157: 2154: 2152: 2149: 2148: 2146: 2142: 2136: 2135:Mary V. Riley 2133: 2131: 2130:Thamar Richey 2128: 2126: 2123: 2121: 2118: 2116: 2113: 2111: 2108: 2107: 2105: 2101: 2095: 2092: 2090: 2087: 2085: 2082: 2080: 2077: 2075: 2072: 2070: 2067: 2066: 2064: 2060: 2054: 2051: 2049: 2048:Ruth Reinhold 2046: 2044: 2041: 2039: 2038:Viola Jimulla 2036: 2034: 2031: 2029: 2026: 2024: 2021: 2020: 2018: 2014: 2008: 2005: 2003: 2000: 1998: 1995: 1993: 1990: 1989: 1987: 1983: 1977: 1974: 1972: 1969: 1967: 1964: 1962: 1959: 1957: 1954: 1953: 1951: 1947: 1941: 1940:Jane H. Rider 1938: 1936: 1933: 1931: 1928: 1926: 1923: 1921: 1918: 1916: 1913: 1912: 1910: 1906: 1900: 1897: 1895: 1892: 1890: 1887: 1885: 1882: 1880: 1879:Eulalia Elias 1877: 1875: 1872: 1871: 1869: 1865: 1859: 1856: 1854: 1851: 1849: 1846: 1844: 1841: 1839: 1836: 1834: 1831: 1830: 1828: 1824: 1820: 1813: 1809: 1804: 1797: 1792: 1790: 1785: 1783: 1778: 1777: 1774: 1768: 1765: 1763: 1760: 1759: 1756: 1753: 1752: 1748: 1742: 1739: 1736: 1732: 1729: 1726: 1723: 1720: 1719: 1715: 1700: 1696: 1690: 1687: 1676: 1672: 1666: 1663: 1652:on 2013-02-25 1651: 1647: 1643: 1637: 1634: 1623: 1619: 1612: 1609: 1596: 1590: 1587: 1575: 1569: 1566: 1554: 1548: 1545: 1533: 1527: 1524: 1513:on 2017-07-28 1512: 1508: 1502: 1500: 1496: 1483: 1479: 1475: 1469: 1466: 1454: 1448: 1445: 1433: 1427: 1424: 1412: 1406: 1403: 1390: 1386: 1380: 1377: 1373: 1367: 1365: 1363: 1359: 1346: 1340: 1337: 1325: 1321: 1314: 1311: 1307: 1302: 1299: 1294: 1288: 1284: 1280: 1279: 1271: 1268: 1256: 1250: 1247: 1236: 1232: 1225: 1222: 1211: 1207: 1201: 1199: 1197: 1193: 1182:on 2015-09-11 1181: 1177: 1173: 1166: 1163: 1151: 1145: 1142: 1137: 1131: 1127: 1120: 1118: 1114: 1102: 1101:"mary colter" 1096: 1093: 1089: 1083: 1081: 1079: 1077: 1075: 1073: 1071: 1069: 1067: 1063: 1058: 1052: 1048: 1044: 1040: 1039: 1031: 1028: 1017:on 2013-04-30 1016: 1012: 1006: 1003: 998: 992: 988: 987: 979: 977: 975: 973: 971: 969: 967: 965: 963: 961: 957: 952: 950:0-938216-45-7 946: 942: 938: 937: 929: 927: 923: 912: 908: 902: 899: 892: 888: 885: 883: 880: 878: 875: 874: 870: 865: 861: 860: 856: 851: 850:Union Station 847: 844: 841: 838: 835: 832: 829: 828: 824: 819: 815: 811: 808: 805: 802: 799: 796: 793: 789: 786: 783: 779: 776: 775:Phantom Ranch 773: 770: 767: 764: 763:Hermit's Rest 761: 758: 755: 754: 751:Architectural 750: 745: 741: 737: 735: 731: 730: 726: 724: 721: 718: 716: 712: 711:Indian relics 708: 704: 695: 688: 686: 683: 679: 675: 671: 667: 663: 659: 655: 651: 647: 643: 642: 637: 632: 630: 625: 621: 617: 613: 609: 605: 602:. During the 601: 598:in Arizona's 597: 592: 590: 586: 582: 578: 574: 570: 569:Union Station 561: 557: 555: 551: 547: 543: 539: 538:Allen Affeldt 532: 527: 523: 521: 517: 513: 509: 504: 501: 497: 493: 489: 485: 477: 475: 473: 469: 464: 460: 455: 453: 449: 444: 442: 438: 434: 424: 420: 418: 414: 410: 406: 402: 398: 394: 389: 387: 383: 379: 375: 374:Phantom Ranch 371: 367: 363: 359: 358:Hermit's Rest 355: 351: 342: 335: 333: 331: 327: 326:Pueblo people 322: 318: 314: 309: 306: 298: 294: 290: 286: 284: 280: 276: 272: 268: 264: 255: 248: 246: 243: 239: 235: 230: 228: 224: 219: 217: 211: 209: 205: 201: 197: 189: 187: 185: 181: 177: 173: 169: 165: 162:, notably in 161: 157: 153: 149: 140: 136: 132: 128: 124: 120: 116: 112: 109: 106: 102: 99: 96: 92: 87: 77: 73: 68: 63:April 4, 1869 51: 47: 43: 38: 31: 19: 2678:Shelley Cohn 2662:Mary Jo West 2642:Maria Garcia 2632:Erma Bombeck 2616:Julia Zozaya 2606:Louise Serpa 1843:Sharlot Hall 1734: 1702:. Retrieved 1698: 1689: 1678:. Retrieved 1674: 1665: 1654:. Retrieved 1650:the original 1645: 1636: 1625:. Retrieved 1621: 1611: 1599:. Retrieved 1589: 1578:. Retrieved 1568: 1557:. Retrieved 1547: 1536:. Retrieved 1526: 1515:. Retrieved 1511:the original 1486:. Retrieved 1482:the original 1477: 1468: 1457:. Retrieved 1447: 1436:. Retrieved 1426: 1415:. Retrieved 1405: 1393:. Retrieved 1389:the original 1379: 1371: 1349:. Retrieved 1339: 1327:. Retrieved 1323: 1313: 1301: 1277: 1270: 1259:. Retrieved 1249: 1238:. Retrieved 1234: 1224: 1213:. Retrieved 1209: 1184:. Retrieved 1180:the original 1175: 1165: 1154:. Retrieved 1144: 1125: 1105:. Retrieved 1095: 1087: 1038:Colter, Mary 1037: 1030: 1019:. Retrieved 1015:the original 1005: 985: 935: 914:. Retrieved 910: 901: 722: 719: 700: 681: 673: 669: 639: 633: 624:Fred Kabotie 593: 566: 536: 514:building in 505: 481: 472:Fred Kabotie 467: 456: 445: 429: 390: 347: 310: 303: 291: 287: 260: 231: 220: 212: 193: 147: 146: 80:(1958-01-08) 2964:1958 deaths 2959:1869 births 2920:Emma Torres 2864:Edna Landin 2550:Daisy Moore 2125:Clara Otero 1992:Ida Redbird 1971:Elsie Toles 1601:October 15, 1488:October 15, 1257:. ISSUU.com 1210:www.nps.gov 911:www.nps.gov 780:El Navajo, 674:Super Chief 662:Swarts Ruin 641:Super Chief 546:Dan Lutzick 478:Other works 417:Pueblo Deco 356:, the 1914 305:Fred Harvey 271:Albuquerque 178:motifs and 94:Nationality 34:Mary Colter 2953:Categories 2910:Terri Cruz 2879:Pearl Tang 2823:Mary Black 2166:Mollie Fly 1704:2024-03-14 1680:2024-03-14 1656:2015-07-06 1627:2015-07-06 1580:2015-07-01 1559:2018-12-29 1538:2015-07-01 1517:2015-07-01 1459:2015-07-01 1438:2015-07-01 1417:2015-07-01 1292:0938216457 1261:2015-07-01 1240:2015-07-06 1215:2015-07-06 1186:2015-07-06 1156:2015-07-01 1107:2015-07-01 1021:2015-07-01 916:2019-03-14 893:References 757:Hopi House 666:New Mexico 604:Depression 531:Mrs. Ickes 354:Hopi House 283:Hopi House 196:Pittsburgh 114:Occupation 59:1869-04-04 2683:Kate Cory 2276:Ola Young 1576:. Nps.gov 1455:. Npr.org 542:Tina Mion 533:, c. 1935 484:El Navajo 448:South Rim 218:in 1956. 184:Southwest 152:architect 134:Buildings 122:Parent(s) 117:Architect 871:See also 843:La Fonda 577:linoleum 550:Route 66 492:Art Deco 313:La Fonda 200:Colorado 158:and the 98:American 2043:Nampeyo 1395:26 June 818:Arizona 660:at the 654:Harriet 650:Mimbres 622:artist 419:style. 321:pueblos 277:on the 1351:17 May 1329:3 July 1289:  1132:  1053:  993:  947:  820:, 1947 794:, 1930 784:, 1923 738:2009: 732:1986: 689:Legacy 678:Amtrak 573:Navajo 500:Navajo 411:, and 249:Career 180:Rustic 88:, U.S. 69:, U.S. 2735:2020s 2456:2010s 2314:2000s 2198:1990s 1816:1980s 1283:13–19 459:folly 204:Texas 174:with 2888:2023 2847:2022 2806:2021 2745:2020 2671:2019 2625:2018 2579:2017 2538:2015 2502:2013 2466:2010 2412:2008 2376:2006 2345:2004 2324:2002 2285:1994 2249:1991 2208:1990 2144:1989 2103:1988 2062:1987 2016:1986 1985:1985 1949:1984 1908:1983 1867:1982 1826:1981 1675:AWHF 1603:2015 1490:2015 1397:2015 1353:2017 1331:2013 1287:ISBN 1130:ISBN 1051:ISBN 991:ISBN 945:ISBN 709:and 656:and 620:Hopi 463:Hopi 435:and 202:and 170:and 75:Died 49:Born 1043:doi 941:2–3 713:to 664:in 486:in 403:, 269:in 236:in 2955:: 1697:. 1673:. 1644:. 1620:. 1498:^ 1476:. 1361:^ 1322:. 1285:. 1233:. 1208:. 1195:^ 1174:. 1116:^ 1065:^ 1049:. 959:^ 943:. 925:^ 909:. 816:, 812:, 790:, 591:. 407:, 399:, 395:, 285:. 1795:e 1788:t 1781:v 1707:. 1683:. 1659:. 1630:. 1605:. 1583:. 1562:. 1541:. 1520:. 1492:. 1462:. 1441:. 1420:. 1399:. 1355:. 1333:. 1295:. 1264:. 1243:. 1218:. 1189:. 1159:. 1138:. 1110:. 1059:. 1045:: 1024:. 999:. 953:. 919:. 61:) 57:( 20:)

Index

Mary Jane Colter

Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
Santa Fe, New Mexico
American
California School of Design
architect
Fred Harvey Company
Santa Fe Railroad
Grand Canyon National Park
Spanish Colonial Revival
Mission Revival architecture
Native American
Rustic
Southwest
Pittsburgh
Colorado
Texas
St. Paul, Minnesota
Custer Battlefield National Monument
California School of Design
Arthur Frank Mathews
Stout Manual Training School
Menomonie, Wisconsin
Mechanic Arts High School
Seated woman making a metal bowl
Fred Harvey Company
Alvarado Hotel
Albuquerque
Charles Whittlesey

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