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organisation was involved in distributing
Christian texts and literature, but it also interviewed young women in an effort to improve living conditions. In 1884 they were working amongst Scottish fisherwomen, publishing their own magazine and operating a ladies' restaurant in London. This work was launched during talk of
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In 1884 the YWCA was restructured – up to that point, London had almost a separate organisation, but there was now just one national YWCA organisation. Beneath this there was different presidents and staff for London, England and Wales, Scotland, Ireland, "Foreign", and
Colonial and Missionary. This
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from that year. They settled in London and every
Wednesday they would invite discussion on philanthropic projects. She was shy and did not undertake public speaking, but she was the driving force. Her own personal project was to raise money by crowd-sourcing a book of prayers. The funds raised were
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for the Lock
Hospital and Asylum, which she and her husband supported. Her husband was a strong supporter of women's suffrage, but she felt that this was not in keeping with her idea of a woman's role. She did not speak in public, but it is thought that she wrote her husband's speeches.
266:. Frederica and Agneta both married, but the three unmarried daughters, Louisa, Gertrude and Emily, continued their mother's good works. Louisa was active in London but both Gertrude and particularly Emily were missionaries.
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In 1856 she and her five children went to live above the bank where her husband worked in Pall Mall East. This new home became another centre for good works. Her driving passion was India and she formed the
183:. As part of this work, she created the North London Home where women could stay. The home had its own library. In the same year, as she gave birth to the youngest of her children, Emily.
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in
Northamptonshire. Her parents William Henry and Louisa Elizabeth died in 1819 and 1816 respectively leaving her an orphan whilst still a child. She lived with her paternal grandfather
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in London. She established her own projects and formed St John's
Training School for Domestic Servants in 1841. Another pet project was to help fund a Calvin memorial hall in
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Jane
Garnett, 'Kinnaird , Mary Jane, Lady Kinnaird (1816–1888)', Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004; online edn, May 2006
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143:. She and the Reverend Noel wanted to encourage the spread of European Protestantism and she was visited several times by both the Swiss minister
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246:, where women were said to be kidnapped into prostitution. In 1886 the British government raised the age of consent from thirteen to sixteen.
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131:'s works to Bible study, daily prayers and evangelism. In 1837 she became her uncle's de facto secretary. He was the Honourable and Reverend
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became her legal guardian. Her day-to-day care was left to aunts and uncles and a governess. She was inspired by reading the evangelist
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107:. Kinnaird has one Women's College and a girls' High School in Pakistan and at least one school and hospital in India named after her.
258:. She died in 1888, survived by Arthur and Frederica Georgina (1845–1929), Louisa Elizabeth (1848–1926), Agneta Olivia (1850–1940),
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238:, which arranged for women to obtain good jobs and to travel to the colonies. The YWCA would help to support these emigrants.
219:, which by 1871 had four institutes and two homes. Wanting to expand this project in 1878, she decided to combine it with the
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changed its name to the
Kinnaird Christian Girls' High School to recognise her contribution. The school went on to become
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196:, which created over sixty schools in India and it was said to visit over 1,300 zenanas. In about 1907 a school in
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A woman's work for women: being the aims, efforts and aspirations of "L.M.H." (Miss Louisa M. Hubbard) ...
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Kinnaird built on her work in establishing the North London Home to found the
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United
Association for the Christian and Domestic Improvement of Young Women
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103:(1816–1888) was an English philanthropist and co-founder of the
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Young Women's
Christian Association (YWCA), 1855-1995
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Indian Female Normal School and Instruction Society
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101:Mary Jane Kinnaird, Lady Kinnaird; Mary Jane Hoare
159:Her work was empowered when she married in 1843
353:David Doughan; Peter Gordon (24 January 2007).
123:until he died in 1828, when her elder brother
234:Kinnaird was also one of the founders of the
115:Kinnaird was born Mary Jane Hoare in 1816 at
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326:, Warwick University, Retrieved 31 May 2017
254:In 1887, Kinnaird was widowed, and her son
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356:Women, Clubs and Associations in Britain
342:London: G. Newnes, Ltd. pp. 64–71.
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311:, Mundas,ac.uk, Retrieved 30 May 2017
205:Kinnaird College for Women University
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416:19th-century British philanthropists
256:Arthur became the 11th Lord Kinnaird
229:Young Women's Christian Association
161:Arthur Kinnaird, 10th Lord Kinnaird
105:Young Women's Christian Association
89:Arthur Kinnaird, 10th Lord Kinnaird
431:19th-century women philanthropists
396:People from North Northamptonshire
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223:, a Bible study group created by
16:English philanthropist, 1816–1888
137:St John's Chapel in Bedford Row
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411:English women philanthropists
359:. Routledge. pp. 87–88.
121:Henry Hoare of Mitcham Grove
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236:Women's Emigration Society
145:Jean-Henri Merle d'Aubigné
165:Lord Kinnaird of Inchture
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179:to train nurses for the
169:Baron Kinnaird of Rossie
147:and the French minister
133:Baptist Wriothesley Noel
401:English philanthropists
336:Edwin A. Pratt (1898).
125:Henry Hoare (1807–1866)
264:Emily Cecilia Kinnaird
175:Kinnaird worked with
421:Ladies of Parliament
298:accessed 30 May 2017
177:Florence Nightingale
187:Schools in Pakistan
426:British baronesses
366:978-1-134-20437-3
167:, and the second
135:who was based at
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221:Prayer Union
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67:(1888-00-00)
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391:1888 deaths
386:1816 births
181:Crimean War
380:Categories
270:References
77:founding
56:, England
250:Children
201:Pakistan
198:Lahore,
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141:Geneva
85:Spouse
361:ISBN
211:YWCA
111:Life
79:YWCA
65:1888
62:Died
50:1816
43:Born
99:or
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