647:
Regional
Vocational technical School District from 1963 to 1965, and as Area 3 Chairman, Third Vice President and a member of the Executive Committee of the Massachusetts Association of School Committees during the 1960s. She served on and was chairman of the committee operating the Children's School of Science in Woods Hole, and for 35 years was a Falmouth Town Meeting Member. She was also active as a member of the Republican Town Committee and a member of the Falmouth Citizens Committee for Open Spaces.
544:
390:
exposed to enemy fire on a coral reef due to misjudging of the tides. As a result, the US Navy relied more on its oceanographers when planning its landings. Sears led an oceanographic team that prepared reports for potential landing areas to be distributed to field commanders. Much of the information
646:
Beyond her roles in international marine science, Mary Sears served the community and Town of
Falmouth. She was a member of the Falmouth School Committee from 1952 to 1973, and was elected chair in 1961 a position she served until 1969. She also served on the School Committee for the Upper Cape Cod
411:
In 1944, Sears and her team began preparing reports for the planned invasion of Taiwan. She was also often called to produces urgent reports on tides for planned invasions; the secrecy of the invasions meant that Sears was the only oceanographer entrusted to produce these reports. In
October 1944,
534:
described Sears in a paper he presented at that
Congress as "the conscience of oceanography who initiated and maintained an uncompromising standard of excellence in scientific publications about the oceans.... She played a major role in creating the present world community of oceanographers from
491:
Bigelow
Laboratory. From 1962 to 1973 she compiled and edited the Institution's Annual Report and Summary of Investigations. She also compiled the Collected Reprints of the Institution from 1959 to 1975, and compiled the Oceanographic Index, 1971–1976. She was named a Scientist Emeritus in 1978.
490:
When Sears returned to Woods Hole
Oceanographic Institution, she was named a Senior Scientist in the Biology Department, a position she held until her retirement in 1970. Sears remained active at Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution until late in life, working with Joan Hulburt from an office in
574:
honored Sears in 1992 with its
Alumnae Recognition Award, given to "women whose lives and spirits exemplify the value of a liberal arts education." In 1996 the Falmouth Business and Professional Women's Organization presented its "Woman of the Year" award to Mary for her many professional and
299:
industry on the islands. Despite the risk of working on a ship during World War II, Sears elected to make the trip to advance her career, as time at sea was considered necessary for oceanographers, but women were not permitted to work on US research vessels. Sears was at sea during the
1454:
Oceanography: The Past : Proceedings of the Third
International Congress on the History of Oceanography, held September 22–26, 1980 at the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Massachusetts, USA on the occasion of the Fiftieth Anniversary of the founding of the
197:. Sears enrolled in the Winsor school in 1915 as a fifth-grade student. Later that year, Edmund returned from Europe, and began dating Bennett, and married her several years later. They had three children together. Sears graduated from The Winsor School in 1923, and enrolled in
1406:"Oceanography. Invited lectures presented at the International Oceanographic Congress. AAAS Publication No. 67. Mary Sears, Ed. American Association for the Advancement of Science, Washington, D.C., 1961. xi + 654 pp. Illus. Cash price to members, $ 12.50; others, $ 14.75"
482:
in 1946 for her many contributions to marine research. In 1947, she returned to Woods Hole, and transferred to the Naval
Volunteer Reserves where she was the only woman in the Woods Hole unit and was elected officer in charge of the unit in 1950. She retired as a
433:, and highlighted the dangers of Okinawa being surrounded by a coral reef and experiencing high waves. Sears conducted further research, and reported that landing in western Okinawa would be ideal to avoid dangerous waves. During this time, she also worked with
399:
were predicted for around the invasion, which would hinder the assault. Additionally, the temperature gradient in the ocean water made sonar detection difficult around the islands. Due to operational necessity, the
Marines still conducted a landing on
294:
as a Faculty Fellow for Wellesley College's Committee on Inter-American Cultural and Artistic Relations. Sears was asked to come to Peru to study the plankton to determine if their reduced numbers led to birds dying, which caused a disruption to the
258:. During this time, she also served as a research assistant at Harvard from 1933 to 1949 and as a tutor at Radcliffe from 1934 to 1940. Sears was present for many of the early discussions organizing WHOI as it acquired its first ships, the 142-foot
499:
Since women were not permitted to go to sea until many years later, Sears made her mark in marine science by editing the journals and books in which oceanographers published their results. In 1953, she was a founding editor of
271:, and its first laboratory, later named the Bigelow Laboratory. Sears also researched the annual fluctuations of marine zooplankton. With Bigelow, Sears published papers on the salinity and the zooplankton of the area from
637:
She served as a Trustee of the Marine Biological Laboratory from 1956 to 1962 and was a Trustee Emeritus from 1976 until her death in 1997. She also was a Life Member of the Corporation of the Bermuda Biological Station.
375:. Within one month of her arrival, she published research on sea drift, to better help the Navy find crew and debris in the ocean after their ships sank or airplanes crashed. Sears led an oceanographic team that included
428:
is the largest island, but could not find much information. American forces captured Japanese charts, which were transferred to the Hydrographic Office for analysis. Sears was able to narrow the list of potential
529:
as part of the Third International Congress on the History of Oceanography, held at Woods Hole in September 1980 in celebration of the Institution's fiftieth anniversary. Long-time friend and colleague
562:
dedicated an issue to Sears, noting that she "has probably played a greater role in the advancement of oceanographic studies than any other woman." She received an alumnae honorary degree in 1962 from
1990:
355:
George S. Bryan, the head of the Hydrographic Office, Sears received a medical waiver for her arthritis and was accepted into the WAVES in January 1943. She attended Naval Midshipmen's School at
619:
in recognition of extraordinary accomplishments in biological oceanography, marine biology, or marine ecology. In 1994, the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution established the
2010:
225:
honor society. She remained at Radcliffe for graduate school, and earned a master's degree in 1929 and a Ph.D. in zoology in 1933. While a graduate student, she worked at
515:, considered by many as the benchmark against which future research was evaluated, was published by the American Association for the Advancement of Science in 1961. The
2025:
1390:
441:
900:
Studies of the waters of the continental shelf, Cape Cod to Chesapeake Bay : III. A volumetric study of the zooplankton / by Henry B. Bigelow and Mary Sears
451:
On October 19, 1945, it was announced that the Hydrographic Office would be expanded the Oceanographic Division, which Sears would lead. She was promoted to
344:, the director of WHOI, to ask for oceanographers to assist the US Navy. Iselin volunteered Sears, and Revelle coordinated for her to be commissioned in the
1995:
1980:
1861:
1721:
620:
250:
After completing her doctorate, Sears studied plankton at WHOI during the summers, and taught throughout the school year. She was a faculty member at
1835:
1671:
33:
634:
in New York in 1959. She also served on the Joint Committee on Oceanography of the International Council of Scientific Unions from 1958 to 1960.
1248:
597:
In October 2000, the U.S. Navy recognized her service by launching a 300-foot research vessel named in her honor. The Oceanographic Survey Ship
519:
article reviewing the book noted "... know of no other volume that so well defines oceanography, its purpose, opportunities, and requirements".
1846:
Musemeche, Catherine. "Lethal Tides: Mary Sears and the Marine Scientists Who Helped Win World War II." {Harper Collins} New York, NY, 2022.
1816:
1463:
734:
567:
552:
547:
Officials assist Leila Sears, Mary's sister, as she christens the Navy's newest research vessel: USNS Mary Sears. (Photo courtesy of US Navy)
1877:
391:
they received were from Japanese scientific journals. In 1944, Sears raised concerns over the potential hazards of an amphibious landing in
452:
234:
159:
604:
is one of seven research vessels in operation today. Sears was also recognized in 1996 at the retirement celebration for Research Vessel
333:
2005:
1627:
1223:
2020:
2000:
1368:
Oceanography; invited lectures presented at the International Oceanographic Congress held in New York, 31 August-12 September 1959
1985:
1925:
185:
when she was 28-years-old. After his wife's death, Edmund moved to Europe and left his children in the care of relatives and
456:
255:
434:
352:
341:
151:
1100:
526:
598:
591:
583:
337:
317:
551:
Sears was elected a Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science in 1960 and a Member of the
412:
the plans to invade Taiwan were cancelled, and the Hydrographic Office began preparing reports for an invasion of
484:
360:
108:
69:
543:
2015:
612:
202:
1011:
Sears, Mary (1954). "Notes on the Peruvian coastal current: 1. An introduction to the ecology of Pisco Bay".
579:
479:
189:. During this time, one of their caretakers was their mother's friend, Sophie Bennett, who was a teacher at
1839:
301:
178:
52:
1585:
1319:
630:
Mary Sears chaired and helped to establish the First International Congress on Oceanography, held at the
1808:
1116:
563:
511:
Sears edited several books that are considered milestones on documenting the history of marine science.
356:
194:
1819:. Williams' book focuses on the lives and contributions of four notable women: Mary Sears (1905–1997);
1653:
1274:
1405:
126:
Johannes Schmidt medal in 1946 for contributions to marine research and Navy oceanography during WWII.
1975:
1970:
1820:
1549:
1331:
1020:
230:
210:
304:, and remained on the ship for three more months until she returned to Woods in Hole in March 1942.
1824:
587:
437:
376:
1866:
475:
455:, and worked as a Navy oceanographer until she left active duty on June 4, 1946. On May 20, 1946,
1932:
1782:
1764:
1746:
1433:
1384:
1180:
1143:
1072:
1046:
993:
972:
951:
862:
791:
368:
364:
226:
90:
1905:
1885:
1828:
1812:
1567:
1469:
1459:
1425:
1347:
943:
854:
730:
571:
417:
329:
251:
198:
190:
1606:
1557:
1417:
1372:
1339:
1028:
935:
904:
846:
462:
issued a commendation for Sears, thanking her for the benefit of having oceanographic data.
383:
181:. She was the oldest child, and had a younger brother and sister. In 1911, Leslie died from
32:
1129:
1085:
287:
214:
1366:
1198:
898:
1722:"Mary Sears Women Pioneers in Oceanography Award – Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution"
1553:
1335:
1024:
883:
Studies of the waters on the continental shelf, Cape Cod to Chesapeake Bay. II. Salinity
834:
1953:
This article contains information created by the U.S. Federal Government and is in the
881:
631:
459:
425:
276:
222:
1964:
1562:
1537:
1437:
1343:
1032:
726:
531:
471:
421:
325:
280:
206:
155:
924:"Phytoplankton and Planktonic Protozoa of the Offshore Waters of the Gulf of Maine"
1421:
470:
After she left active duty, Sears spent a year in Copenhagen where she researched
886:. Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution.
758:
372:
263:
1855:
812:
1163:
Rept. Danish Oceanogr. Exped. 1908–1910 to the Mediterranean and Adjacent Seas
445:
396:
387:
172:
1889:
1571:
1473:
1429:
1351:
947:
858:
1376:
908:
430:
321:
1512:
1452:
272:
1488:"Historic Fellows | American Association for the Advancement of Science"
1487:
1805:
Improbable Warriors: Women Scientists and the U.S. Navy in World War II
1607:"Women of Wayland Mary Sears | Wayland Museum & Historical Society"
955:
923:
866:
401:
218:
186:
367:, and began working to produce oceanographic charts ahead of planned
1836:
Mary Sears’ Pioneering Ocean Research Saved Countless Lives in WWII.
973:"Woods Hole scientist studies food of guano birds in Peruvian coast"
939:
850:
1672:"Retirement of Research Vessel Atlantis II Marks the End of An Era"
759:"Mary Sears: Brief Life of an oceanographer and patriot: 1905–1997"
363:
on April 7, 1943. Sears was assigned to the Hydrographic Office in
205:, where Bennett was an alumna. She originally intended to major in
1878:"Mary Sears, 92, Oceanographic Editor and Scientist at Woods Hole"
616:
542:
413:
405:
392:
345:
313:
296:
259:
182:
1933:"CHIPS Articles: Women who put GEOINT on the map: Lt. Mary Sears"
504:, serving as editor from 1953 to 1974. She also helped establish
420:. The Hydrographic Office had previously created a report on the
1047:"Miss Sears tells of studies at guano islands off coast of Peru"
291:
1867:
NAVY TO LAUNCH OCEANOGRAPHIC SURVEY SHIP MARY SEARS (T-AGS 65)
1696:
792:"Woman scientist goes to Peru to study habits of sea plankton"
408:, despite the concerns raised by the Hydrographic Department.
213:
decided to change her course of study. In 1927, she graduated
1654:"Falmouth's Mary Sears – she was 'a powerful natural force'"
1161:
Bigelow, Henry B.; Sears, Mary (1937). "H2. Siphonophorae".
835:"Annual fluctuations in the abundance of marine zoöplankton"
386:
in November 1943 began with an amphibious assault that left
118:
Oceanographic Unit of the Navy Hydrographic Office 1943–1946
150:(July 18, 1905 – September 2, 1997) was a commander in the
1586:"Award Recipients Past and Present – Alumnae Association"
922:
Bigelow, Henry B.; Lillick, Lois C.; Sears, Mary (1940).
1542:
Deep Sea Research Part A. Oceanographic Research Papers
1150:. Falmouth, Massachusetts. November 8, 1946. p. 8.
1199:"Mary Sears | National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency"
1991:
Fellows of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences
1458:. Daniel Merriman. New York, NY: Springer New York.
1181:"Miss Sears heads Woods Holes unit of Naval Reserve"
535:
numerous countries and almost as many specialties."
130:
122:
114:
104:
96:
84:
76:
59:
39:
23:
928:Transactions of the American Philosophical Society
833:Sears, Mary; Clarke, George L. (October 1, 1940).
752:
750:
748:
746:
416:. In 1945, Sears began preparing reports for the
279:, and worked on zooplankton further north in the
170:Mary Sears was born on July 18, 1905, to Leslie (
716:
714:
712:
710:
708:
706:
704:
702:
700:
698:
696:
694:
692:
690:
688:
686:
684:
682:
680:
621:Mary Sears Women Pioneers in Oceanography Award
1862:Mary Sears Woman Pioneer in Oceanography Award
678:
676:
674:
672:
670:
668:
666:
664:
662:
660:
558:On the occasion of her 80th birthday in 1985,
209:, but after taking a biology course taught by
578:Commander Sears' military awards include the
570:(now University of Massachusetts Dartmouth).
320:. She was denied due to a prior diagnosis of
8:
1765:"Two elected to county Republican committee"
2011:Members of the Society of Woman Geographers
994:"Mount Holyoke College to honor Miss Sears"
880:Bigelow, Henry Bryant; Sears, Mary (1935).
1389:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
254:from 1938 to 1943, and also worked at the
233:, a founder and the first Director of the
31:
20:
1928:National Women's History Museum biography
1561:
508:and served as its first editor-in-chief.
1811:, Annapolis, Maryland, 2001, 280 pages.
1697:"Sears Medal | The Oceanography Society"
611:There are two awards named after Sears.
442:commander of the Pacific submarine fleet
1517:American Academy of Arts & Sciences
897:Bigelow, Henry B.; Sears, Mary (1939).
656:
566:and an honorary doctorate in 1974 from
1382:
1125:
1114:
1081:
1070:
2026:Military personnel from Massachusetts
988:
986:
903:. Cambridge: Printed for the Museum.
813:"Mary Sears – WHOI Women's Committee"
608:which she had christened as sponsor.
568:Southeastern Massachusetts University
553:American Academy of Arts and Sciences
171:
7:
1869:US DoD News Release October 18, 2000
1858:Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
1279:Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
967:
965:
807:
805:
786:
784:
782:
780:
235:Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
160:Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
1876:Hilchey, Tim (September 10, 1997).
487:in the U.S. Naval Reserve in 1963.
351:Following a letter of support from
334:Scripps Institution of Oceanography
312:In late 1942, Sears applied to the
1996:People from Wayland, Massachusetts
1981:Female United States Navy officers
1228:Naval History and Heritage Command
1099:Bryan, George S. (November 1946).
134:co-founding editor of the journal
14:
1144:"Scientist returns to Woods Hole"
395:; low tides over the surrounding
138:, founding editor of the journal
316:, an all-woman component of the
286:In August 1941, she went to the
1789:. February 25, 1958. p. 1.
1753:. February 28, 1961. p. 1.
1103:. 72/11/525. US Naval Institute
1101:"The Naval Hydrographic Office"
1053:. January 13, 1950. p. 1.
1000:. November 6, 1962. p. 1.
979:. October 16, 1942. p. 1.
379:, Mary Grier, and Dora Henry.
1:
1422:10.1126/science.133.3467.1819
1404:Tully, J. P. (June 9, 1961).
1067:. April 16, 1943. p. 10.
798:. August 12, 1941. p. 1.
721:Musemeche, Catherine (2022).
256:Museum of Comparative Zoology
1652:Wastrom, Amanda (May 2017).
1563:10.1016/0198-0149(85)90110-4
1548:(7): 745–747. July 1, 1985.
1344:10.1016/0079-6611(63)90002-8
1033:10.1016/0146-6313(54)90045-3
359:, and was commissioned as a
1803:Williams, Kathleen Broome.
1187:. July 14, 1950. p. 1.
338:US Navy Hydrographic Office
267:and 40-foot coastal vessel
152:United States Naval Reserve
2042:
1771:. June 3, 1949. p. 1.
592:Armed Forces Reserve Medal
584:World War II Victory Medal
318:United States Navy Reserve
2006:Wellesley College faculty
1906:"Obits September 5, 1997"
1365:Sears, Mary, ed. (1961).
626:Professional associations
575:community contributions.
361:lieutenant (junior grade)
342:Columbus O'Donnell Iselin
70:Woods Hole, Massachusetts
30:
2021:American women academics
2001:Radcliffe College alumni
1324:Progress in Oceanography
642:Philanthropic activities
613:The Oceanography Society
506:Progress in Oceanography
221:and was a member of the
203:Cambridge, Massachusetts
166:Early life and education
140:Progress in Oceanography
1986:American oceanographers
1834:Musemeche, Catherine. "
1538:"Tribute to Mary Sears"
1377:10.5962/bhl.title.34806
909:10.5962/bhl.title.49357
839:The Biological Bulletin
580:American Campaign Medal
478:grant and received the
1926:MARY SEARS (1905–1997)
1628:"Commander Mary Sears"
1224:"Commander Mary Sears"
1124:Cite journal requires
548:
523:Oceanography: The Past
480:Johannes Schmidt medal
476:Rask-Orsted Foundation
302:attack on Pearl Harbor
179:Wayland, Massachusetts
177:) and Edmund Sears in
53:Wayland, Massachusetts
16:American oceanographer
1842:, July / August 2022.
1809:Naval Institute Press
1299:"Deep-Sea Research".
564:Mount Holyoke College
546:
357:Mount Holyoke College
246:Postdoctoral research
195:Boston, Massachusetts
97:Years of service
1840:Smithsonian Magazine
1821:Florence van Straten
1451:Sears, Mary (1980).
1318:Sears, Mary (1963).
1255:. September 30, 2016
765:. Harvard University
453:lieutenant commander
211:George Howard Parker
1937:www.doncio.navy.mil
1825:Grace Murray Hopper
1787:Falmouth Enterprise
1769:Falmouth Enterprise
1751:Falmouth Enterprise
1554:1985DSRA...32..745.
1336:1963PrOce...1D...7S
1185:Falmouth Enterprise
1148:Falmouth Enterprise
1065:Falmouth Enterprise
1051:Falmouth Enterprise
1025:1954DSR.....1..141S
998:Falmouth Enterprise
977:Falmouth Enterprise
796:Falmouth Enterprise
588:Naval Reserve Medal
525:was co-edited with
448:to safely operate.
438:Charles A. Lockwood
377:Fenner A. Chace Jr.
369:amphibious assaults
1882:The New York Times
1371:. Washington, DC.
549:
365:Suitland, Maryland
227:Harvard University
91:United States Navy
1904:TIMES, CAPE COD.
1829:Mina Spiegel Rees
1817:978-1-55750-961-1
1783:"Around the town"
1747:"School Chairman"
1465:978-1-4613-8090-0
1301:Deep-Sea Research
1249:"Joan B. Hulburt"
1080:Missing or empty
1013:Deep-Sea Research
736:978-0-06-299169-0
572:Radcliffe College
560:Deep-Sea Research
539:Awards and honors
502:Deep-Sea Research
466:Post-World War II
418:Battle of Okinawa
252:Wellesley College
217:with a degree in
199:Radcliffe College
191:The Winsor School
145:
144:
136:Deep-Sea Research
63:September 2, 1997
2033:
1948:
1946:
1944:
1939:. March 22, 2019
1920:
1918:
1916:
1910:capecodtimes.com
1900:
1898:
1896:
1856:About Mary Sears
1791:
1790:
1779:
1773:
1772:
1761:
1755:
1754:
1743:
1737:
1736:
1734:
1732:
1718:
1712:
1711:
1709:
1707:
1693:
1687:
1686:
1684:
1682:
1668:
1662:
1661:
1649:
1643:
1642:
1640:
1638:
1624:
1618:
1617:
1615:
1613:
1603:
1597:
1596:
1594:
1592:
1582:
1576:
1575:
1565:
1534:
1528:
1527:
1525:
1523:
1509:
1503:
1502:
1500:
1498:
1484:
1478:
1477:
1448:
1442:
1441:
1401:
1395:
1394:
1388:
1380:
1362:
1356:
1355:
1315:
1309:
1308:
1296:
1290:
1289:
1287:
1285:
1271:
1265:
1264:
1262:
1260:
1245:
1239:
1238:
1236:
1234:
1220:
1214:
1213:
1211:
1209:
1195:
1189:
1188:
1177:
1171:
1170:
1158:
1152:
1151:
1140:
1134:
1133:
1127:
1122:
1120:
1112:
1110:
1108:
1096:
1090:
1089:
1083:
1078:
1076:
1068:
1061:
1055:
1054:
1043:
1037:
1036:
1008:
1002:
1001:
990:
981:
980:
969:
960:
959:
919:
913:
912:
894:
888:
887:
877:
871:
870:
830:
824:
823:
821:
819:
809:
800:
799:
788:
775:
774:
772:
770:
763:Harvard Magazine
754:
741:
740:
718:
617:Mary Sears Medal
384:Battle of Tarawa
336:assigned to the
330:naval lieutenant
324:in her fingers.
176:
175: Buckingham
86:
66:
49:
47:
35:
21:
2041:
2040:
2036:
2035:
2034:
2032:
2031:
2030:
2016:WAVES personnel
1961:
1960:
1942:
1940:
1931:
1914:
1912:
1903:
1894:
1892:
1875:
1852:
1800:
1798:Further reading
1795:
1794:
1781:
1780:
1776:
1763:
1762:
1758:
1745:
1744:
1740:
1730:
1728:
1720:
1719:
1715:
1705:
1703:
1695:
1694:
1690:
1680:
1678:
1670:
1669:
1665:
1651:
1650:
1646:
1636:
1634:
1626:
1625:
1621:
1611:
1609:
1605:
1604:
1600:
1590:
1588:
1584:
1583:
1579:
1536:
1535:
1531:
1521:
1519:
1511:
1510:
1506:
1496:
1494:
1486:
1485:
1481:
1466:
1450:
1449:
1445:
1403:
1402:
1398:
1381:
1364:
1363:
1359:
1317:
1316:
1312:
1298:
1297:
1293:
1283:
1281:
1273:
1272:
1268:
1258:
1256:
1247:
1246:
1242:
1232:
1230:
1222:
1221:
1217:
1207:
1205:
1197:
1196:
1192:
1179:
1178:
1174:
1160:
1159:
1155:
1142:
1141:
1137:
1123:
1113:
1106:
1104:
1098:
1097:
1093:
1079:
1069:
1063:
1062:
1058:
1045:
1044:
1040:
1010:
1009:
1005:
992:
991:
984:
971:
970:
963:
940:10.2307/1005545
921:
920:
916:
896:
895:
891:
879:
878:
874:
851:10.2307/1537826
832:
831:
827:
817:
815:
811:
810:
803:
790:
789:
778:
768:
766:
757:Denton, Peter.
756:
755:
744:
737:
720:
719:
658:
653:
644:
628:
541:
527:Daniel Merriman
497:
468:
444:, to allow the
404:, an island in
373:Pacific Theater
310:
288:Chincha Islands
248:
243:
215:magna cum laude
168:
131:Other work
68:
64:
51:
45:
43:
26:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2039:
2037:
2029:
2028:
2023:
2018:
2013:
2008:
2003:
1998:
1993:
1988:
1983:
1978:
1973:
1963:
1962:
1950:
1949:
1929:
1923:
1922:
1921:
1901:
1870:
1864:
1859:
1851:
1850:External links
1848:
1844:
1843:
1832:
1799:
1796:
1793:
1792:
1774:
1756:
1738:
1713:
1688:
1663:
1644:
1619:
1598:
1577:
1529:
1504:
1479:
1464:
1443:
1416:(3467): 1819.
1396:
1357:
1310:
1291:
1266:
1240:
1215:
1190:
1172:
1153:
1135:
1126:|journal=
1091:
1056:
1038:
1019:(3): 141–169.
1003:
982:
961:
934:(3): 149–237.
914:
889:
872:
845:(2): 321–328.
825:
801:
776:
742:
735:
655:
654:
652:
649:
643:
640:
632:United Nations
627:
624:
540:
537:
496:
493:
467:
464:
460:Chester Nimitz
309:
306:
277:Chesapeake Bay
247:
244:
242:
239:
223:Phi Beta Kappa
167:
164:
143:
142:
132:
128:
127:
124:
120:
119:
116:
112:
111:
106:
102:
101:
98:
94:
93:
88:
82:
81:
78:
74:
73:
67:(aged 92)
61:
57:
56:
41:
37:
36:
28:
27:
24:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2038:
2027:
2024:
2022:
2019:
2017:
2014:
2012:
2009:
2007:
2004:
2002:
1999:
1997:
1994:
1992:
1989:
1987:
1984:
1982:
1979:
1977:
1974:
1972:
1969:
1968:
1966:
1959:
1958:
1955:public domain
1954:
1938:
1934:
1930:
1927:
1924:
1911:
1907:
1902:
1891:
1887:
1883:
1879:
1874:
1873:
1871:
1868:
1865:
1863:
1860:
1857:
1854:
1853:
1849:
1847:
1841:
1837:
1833:
1830:
1827:(1906–1992);
1826:
1823:(1913–1992);
1822:
1818:
1814:
1810:
1806:
1802:
1801:
1797:
1788:
1784:
1778:
1775:
1770:
1766:
1760:
1757:
1752:
1748:
1742:
1739:
1727:
1726:www.whoi.edu/
1723:
1717:
1714:
1702:
1698:
1692:
1689:
1677:
1676:www.whoi.edu/
1673:
1667:
1664:
1659:
1658:Cape Cod Life
1655:
1648:
1645:
1633:
1629:
1623:
1620:
1608:
1602:
1599:
1587:
1581:
1578:
1573:
1569:
1564:
1559:
1555:
1551:
1547:
1543:
1539:
1533:
1530:
1518:
1514:
1508:
1505:
1493:
1489:
1483:
1480:
1475:
1471:
1467:
1461:
1457:
1456:
1447:
1444:
1439:
1435:
1431:
1427:
1423:
1419:
1415:
1411:
1407:
1400:
1397:
1392:
1386:
1378:
1374:
1370:
1369:
1361:
1358:
1353:
1349:
1345:
1341:
1337:
1333:
1329:
1325:
1321:
1314:
1311:
1306:
1302:
1295:
1292:
1280:
1276:
1270:
1267:
1254:
1250:
1244:
1241:
1229:
1225:
1219:
1216:
1204:
1200:
1194:
1191:
1186:
1182:
1176:
1173:
1168:
1164:
1157:
1154:
1149:
1145:
1139:
1136:
1131:
1118:
1102:
1095:
1092:
1087:
1074:
1066:
1060:
1057:
1052:
1048:
1042:
1039:
1034:
1030:
1026:
1022:
1018:
1014:
1007:
1004:
999:
995:
989:
987:
983:
978:
974:
968:
966:
962:
957:
953:
949:
945:
941:
937:
933:
929:
925:
918:
915:
910:
906:
902:
901:
893:
890:
885:
884:
876:
873:
868:
864:
860:
856:
852:
848:
844:
840:
836:
829:
826:
814:
808:
806:
802:
797:
793:
787:
785:
783:
781:
777:
764:
760:
753:
751:
749:
747:
743:
738:
732:
728:
727:HarperCollins
724:
717:
715:
713:
711:
709:
707:
705:
703:
701:
699:
697:
695:
693:
691:
689:
687:
685:
683:
681:
679:
677:
675:
673:
671:
669:
667:
665:
663:
661:
657:
650:
648:
641:
639:
635:
633:
625:
623:
622:
618:
615:presents the
614:
609:
607:
603:
602:
595:
593:
589:
585:
581:
576:
573:
569:
565:
561:
556:
554:
545:
538:
536:
533:
532:Roger Revelle
528:
524:
520:
518:
514:
509:
507:
503:
494:
492:
488:
486:
481:
477:
474:. She held a
473:
472:siphonophores
465:
463:
461:
458:
454:
449:
447:
443:
439:
436:
432:
427:
423:
422:Ryuku Islands
419:
415:
409:
407:
403:
398:
394:
389:
385:
380:
378:
374:
370:
366:
362:
358:
354:
349:
347:
343:
339:
335:
331:
327:
326:Roger Revelle
323:
319:
315:
307:
305:
303:
298:
293:
289:
284:
282:
281:Gulf of Maine
278:
274:
270:
266:
265:
261:
257:
253:
245:
240:
238:
236:
232:
231:Henry Bigelow
228:
224:
220:
216:
212:
208:
207:Ancient Greek
204:
200:
196:
192:
188:
184:
180:
174:
165:
163:
161:
157:
156:oceanographer
153:
149:
141:
137:
133:
129:
125:
121:
117:
113:
110:
107:
103:
99:
95:
92:
89:
83:
80:United States
79:
75:
71:
62:
58:
54:
50:July 18, 1905
42:
38:
34:
29:
22:
19:
1956:
1952:
1951:
1941:. Retrieved
1936:
1913:. Retrieved
1909:
1893:. Retrieved
1881:
1845:
1831:(1902–1997).
1804:
1786:
1777:
1768:
1759:
1750:
1741:
1729:. Retrieved
1725:
1716:
1704:. Retrieved
1700:
1691:
1679:. Retrieved
1675:
1666:
1657:
1647:
1635:. Retrieved
1631:
1622:
1610:. Retrieved
1601:
1589:. Retrieved
1580:
1545:
1541:
1532:
1520:. Retrieved
1516:
1513:"Mary Sears"
1507:
1495:. Retrieved
1492:www.aaas.org
1491:
1482:
1453:
1446:
1413:
1409:
1399:
1367:
1360:
1327:
1323:
1313:
1304:
1300:
1294:
1284:December 19,
1282:. Retrieved
1278:
1275:"Mary Sears"
1269:
1257:. Retrieved
1253:CapeNews.net
1252:
1243:
1231:. Retrieved
1227:
1218:
1206:. Retrieved
1202:
1193:
1184:
1175:
1166:
1162:
1156:
1147:
1138:
1117:cite journal
1105:. Retrieved
1094:
1082:|title=
1064:
1059:
1050:
1041:
1016:
1012:
1006:
997:
976:
931:
927:
917:
899:
892:
882:
875:
842:
838:
828:
816:. Retrieved
795:
767:. Retrieved
762:
725:. New York:
723:Lethal Tides
722:
645:
636:
629:
610:
605:
600:
596:
577:
559:
557:
550:
522:
521:
516:
513:Oceanography
512:
510:
505:
501:
498:
495:Publications
489:
469:
450:
435:Vice Admiral
410:
381:
353:Rear Admiral
350:
311:
308:World War II
285:
268:
262:
249:
169:
147:
146:
139:
135:
65:(1997-09-02)
18:
1976:1997 deaths
1971:1905 births
1872:Obituaries
1455:Institution
1208:January 26,
1203:www.nga.mil
1107:November 8,
606:Atlantis II
424:, of which
340:, met with
1965:Categories
1307:(1). 1953.
651:References
601:Mary Sears
446:submarines
431:beachheads
397:coral reef
388:US Marines
148:Mary Sears
77:Allegiance
46:1905-07-18
25:Mary Sears
1890:0362-4331
1572:0198-0149
1474:840282810
1438:161496734
1430:0036-8075
1385:cite book
1352:0079-6611
1320:"Preface"
1169:: 144 pp.
1073:cite news
948:0065-9746
859:0006-3185
769:August 4,
555:in 1964.
485:commander
322:arthritis
109:Commander
100:1943–1963
590:and the
273:Cape Cod
269:Asterias
264:Atlantis
237:(WHOI).
162:(WHOI).
115:Commands
85:Service/
1701:tos.org
1550:Bibcode
1410:Science
1332:Bibcode
1330:: vii.
1021:Bibcode
956:1005545
867:1537826
517:Science
457:Admiral
426:Okinawa
402:Peleliu
219:zoology
187:nannies
158:at the
154:and an
1943:May 6,
1915:May 5,
1895:May 5,
1888:
1815:
1731:May 4,
1706:May 5,
1681:May 5,
1637:May 5,
1612:May 4,
1591:May 4,
1570:
1522:May 5,
1497:May 5,
1472:
1462:
1436:
1428:
1350:
1259:May 6,
1233:May 6,
954:
946:
865:
857:
818:May 6,
733:
440:, the
241:Career
123:Awards
87:branch
72:, U.S.
55:, U.S.
1434:S2CID
952:JSTOR
863:JSTOR
599:USNS
414:Luzon
406:Palau
393:Palau
346:WAVES
332:from
314:WAVES
297:guano
260:ketch
229:with
183:polio
1945:2021
1917:2021
1897:2021
1886:ISSN
1813:ISBN
1733:2021
1708:2021
1683:2021
1639:2021
1632:NHHC
1614:2021
1593:2021
1568:ISSN
1524:2021
1499:2021
1470:OCLC
1460:ISBN
1426:ISSN
1391:link
1348:ISSN
1286:2021
1261:2021
1235:2021
1210:2022
1130:help
1109:2022
1086:help
944:ISSN
855:ISSN
820:2021
771:2015
731:ISBN
382:The
328:, a
292:Peru
105:Rank
60:Died
40:Born
1558:doi
1418:doi
1414:133
1373:doi
1340:doi
1029:doi
936:doi
905:doi
847:doi
371:in
290:in
275:to
201:in
193:in
173:née
1967::
1935:.
1908:.
1884:.
1880:.
1838:"
1807:.
1785:.
1767:.
1749:.
1724:.
1699:.
1674:.
1656:.
1630:.
1566:.
1556:.
1546:32
1544:.
1540:.
1515:.
1490:.
1468:.
1432:.
1424:.
1412:.
1408:.
1387:}}
1383:{{
1346:.
1338:.
1326:.
1322:.
1303:.
1277:.
1251:.
1226:.
1201:.
1183:.
1165:.
1146:.
1121::
1119:}}
1115:{{
1077::
1075:}}
1071:{{
1049:.
1027:.
1015:.
996:.
985:^
975:.
964:^
950:.
942:.
932:31
930:.
926:.
861:.
853:.
843:79
841:.
837:.
804:^
794:.
779:^
761:.
745:^
729:.
659:^
594:.
586:,
582:,
348:.
283:.
1957:.
1947:.
1919:.
1899:.
1735:.
1710:.
1685:.
1660:.
1641:.
1616:.
1595:.
1574:.
1560::
1552::
1526:.
1501:.
1476:.
1440:.
1420::
1393:)
1379:.
1375::
1354:.
1342::
1334::
1328:1
1305:1
1288:.
1263:.
1237:.
1212:.
1167:2
1132:)
1128:(
1111:.
1088:)
1084:(
1035:.
1031::
1023::
1017:1
958:.
938::
911:.
907::
869:.
849::
822:.
773:.
739:.
48:)
44:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
