148:. Matilde Montoya became Mexico's first certified female doctor. Although, people tried to challenge the accreditation of her studies at the National Faculty of Medicine despite her exceptional grades. As a woman, Montoya faced prejudice upon entering the medical profession that went against social norms. It caused a range of responses from the public at the time, from those who acknowledged and celebrated her work and saw it as a starting point for changing the status of women in society to those who questioned the reliability of their efforts, claiming that it was not "natural" for a woman to have a career that did not align with her sex. However, Montoya's achievements were an accomplishment for women as an effort to increase their participation in the traditionally male-dominated field of medicine.
77:. Her family, particularly her mother, supported her decision to pursue a career in obstetrics and gynecology. Matilde enrolled in the School for Obstetrics and Midwifery following the loss of her father. She worked at the San Andrés hospital and the school was associated with the National School of Medicine. Later on, her family's financial difficulties forced her to give up on this career. She then made the decision to enroll at the House of Maternity's School of Midwives and Obstetrics, which is located in the streets of Revillagigedo.
170:. The movement would continue to gain momentum after the 1990s which marked a key shift in Mexican politics. The consolidation of these national communities of physicians demonstrated the critical demand of equal rights for women. Matilde Montoya is an example of tenacity in the pursuit of what for some was a ridiculous dream. She opened the way to science for Mexican women at the end of the last century.
156:
Maltide Petra
Montoya Lafragua was a distinguished medical professional in the areas of gynecology, obstetrics, and pediatrics. In response to criticism from her detractors, José de la Cruz Porfirio Díaz Mori, the President of Mexico at the time, recognized Montoya's ability and showed his support by
60:
Matilde
Montoya was the second daughter of Soledad Lafragua and José María Montoya; however, she was educated as though she were an only child, due to the death of her sister. From a very early age, Matilde began to show interest in studying, thanks to the support and the lessons that her mother gave
165:
Montoya was an important leader and member of numerous women’s organizations, along with other female medical pioneers. She belonged to a group of at least 27 female doctors who were a part of 42 different formed feminist associations. These activist organizations emerged within the start of
121:, with which she passed the entrance exam. In 1882, she was accepted into the School of Medicine in Mexico City. Matilde Montoya graduated from the obstetrics program at the School of Medicine having passed her examinations in the fields of medicine, surgery and obstetrics.
17:
51:
in 1887. Later she was a surgeon and obstetrician. Montoya played an important role in the social establishment of women's rights and the movements toward unbiased opportunities for education and occupations for women.
93:, until she was 18 years old. She worked, in her beginnings, as an auxiliary of surgery under the tutelage of doctors Luis Muñoz and Manuel Soriano. Some doctors led a campaign against her, calling her a
429:
157:
granting her a scholarship. Porfirio Diaz was an advocate for allowing middle and upper-class women a fundamental education as an opportunity to advance in medicine.
479:
474:
464:
459:
133:
434:
353:
315:
454:
105:, she applied to the School of Medicine, presenting her thesis of her professional record. She fulfilled the requisites for
370:
241:
179:
137:
223:
469:
129:
439:
94:
371:"La incorporación de las primeras médicas mexicanas a agrupaciones científicas, académicas y sociales"
449:
444:
373:[The incorporation of the first Mexican doctors to scientific, academic and social groups].
244:[Matilde Montoya: sources for the analysis of the education of late-century Mexican women].
297:
289:
167:
125:
349:
62:
405:
279:
242:"Matilde Montoya: fuentes para el análisis de la educación de la mujer mexicana finisecular"
66:
227:
44:
409:
423:
301:
197:
Penguin Random House Grupo
Editorial 2021. ISBN 978-607-319-585-0. (Historical novel)
98:
393:
166:
twentieth century, which was a prominent time period for the social movement of
70:
28:
145:
74:
16:
218:
106:
48:
32:
369:
Rodríguez de Romo, Ana
Cecilia; Castañeda López, Gabriela (December 2012).
69:. She was encouraged by her family (though mostly by her mother), to study
284:
267:
136:, President Diaz and his wife appeared in person to congratulate her. The
31:, March 14, 1859 – d. Mexico City, January 26, 1939) was the first female
268:"Obstetrics and the Emergence of Women in Mexico's Medical Establishment"
293:
141:
114:
110:
86:
40:
118:
102:
90:
36:
394:"Matilde Montoya: fighter for women's medical education in Mexico"
240:
Mansuy
Navarro, Celeste; Mansuy Navarro, Celeste (December 2016).
15:
316:"Do you Know Matilde Montoya, the first Mexican female doctor?"
43:, she became one of the first women to attend and graduate
346:
Medicine and Public Health in Latin
America: A History
128:
from the
Escuela de Medicina de México in 1887, today
213:
211:
138:
Secretario de
Gobernación (Secretary of the Interior)
65:at the age of 12, but was much too young to enter
85:At the age of 16, Montoya received the title of
430:National Autonomous University of Mexico alumni
348:. Cambridge University Press. pp. 63–65.
261:
259:
8:
130:Facultad de Medicina (College of Medicine)
283:
134:National Autonomous University of Mexico
344:Cueto, Marcos; Palmer, Stephen (2014).
207:
480:19th-century Mexican women physicians
475:20th-century Mexican women physicians
322:. Secretaría de Salud. March 20, 2019
191:Matilde: la primera médica mexicana (
7:
412:– via Elsevier Science Direct.
339:
337:
220:Homenaje a la Dra. Matilde Montoya
14:
392:Ferry, Georgina (November 2022).
465:19th-century Mexican physicians
460:20th-century Mexican physicians
25:Matilde Petra Montoya Lafragua
1:
410:10.1016/S0140-6736(22)02310-8
180:Laureana Wright de Kleinhans
435:Physicians from Mexico City
496:
226:February 19, 2009, at the
184:Mujeres notables mexicanas
47:, eventually earning her
39:. Initially working as a
20:Matilde Montoya, c. 1925
266:Penyak, Lee M. (2003).
189:Carlos Pascual Quiroz:
140:declared her doctor of
89:, mostly practicing in
61:her. She completed her
124:When she received her
21:
455:Mexican obstetricians
285:10.1353/tam.2003.0078
217:Leonel Rodríguez R.:
19:
470:Feminism in Mexico
320:Gobierno De Mexico
168:feminism in Mexico
22:
375:Signos históricos
246:Signos históricos
81:Medical education
63:primary education
487:
440:Mexican midwives
414:
413:
404:(10365): 19–25.
389:
383:
382:
366:
360:
359:
341:
332:
331:
329:
327:
312:
306:
305:
287:
263:
254:
253:
237:
231:
215:
67:higher education
495:
494:
490:
489:
488:
486:
485:
484:
420:
419:
418:
417:
391:
390:
386:
368:
367:
363:
356:
343:
342:
335:
325:
323:
314:
313:
309:
265:
264:
257:
239:
238:
234:
228:Wayback Machine
216:
209:
204:
186:(Spanish), 1910
176:
174:Further reading
163:
154:
83:
58:
12:
11:
5:
493:
491:
483:
482:
477:
472:
467:
462:
457:
452:
447:
442:
437:
432:
422:
421:
416:
415:
384:
377:(in Spanish).
361:
354:
333:
307:
255:
252:(36): 182–192.
248:(in Spanish).
232:
206:
205:
203:
200:
199:
198:
187:
175:
172:
162:
159:
153:
150:
82:
79:
57:
54:
45:Medical School
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
492:
481:
478:
476:
473:
471:
468:
466:
463:
461:
458:
456:
453:
451:
448:
446:
443:
441:
438:
436:
433:
431:
428:
427:
425:
411:
407:
403:
399:
395:
388:
385:
380:
376:
372:
365:
362:
357:
355:9781139152174
351:
347:
340:
338:
334:
321:
317:
311:
308:
303:
299:
295:
291:
286:
281:
277:
273:
269:
262:
260:
256:
251:
247:
243:
236:
233:
229:
225:
222:
221:
214:
212:
208:
201:
196:
192:
188:
185:
181:
178:
177:
173:
171:
169:
160:
158:
151:
149:
147:
143:
139:
135:
131:
127:
122:
120:
116:
112:
108:
104:
100:
96:
92:
88:
80:
78:
76:
72:
68:
64:
55:
53:
50:
46:
42:
38:
34:
30:
26:
18:
401:
397:
387:
378:
374:
364:
345:
324:. Retrieved
319:
310:
278:(1): 59–85.
275:
272:The Americas
271:
249:
245:
235:
219:
194:
190:
183:
164:
155:
123:
84:
59:
24:
23:
450:1939 deaths
445:1859 births
381:(28): 8–42.
152:Recognition
126:M.D. degree
29:Mexico City
424:Categories
398:The Lancet
202:References
146:obstetrics
99:Protestant
75:obstetrics
71:gynecology
326:April 18,
302:143521760
230:(Spanish)
107:chemistry
95:Freemason
56:Biography
49:doctorate
33:physician
224:Archived
294:3654754
193:Spanish
142:surgery
132:of the
115:zoology
111:physics
87:midwife
41:midwife
352:
300:
292:
161:Legacy
119:botany
117:, and
103:Puebla
91:Puebla
37:Mexico
298:S2CID
290:JSTOR
101:. In
350:ISBN
328:2024
144:and
97:and
73:and
27:(b.
406:doi
402:400
280:doi
35:in
426::
400:.
396:.
379:14
336:^
318:.
296:.
288:.
276:60
274:.
270:.
258:^
250:18
210:^
195:).
182::
113:,
109:,
408::
358:.
330:.
304:.
282::
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.