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One of the royal kurgans near
Phanagoria "has a stone stairway leading down to a rectangular passageway, the entrance to the burial chamber (3.70 × 3.75 × 4.70 m). These two areas are covered by an arch showing remains of painted decoration. The wall frescos imitate encrusted marble. On either
459:. The city took its name after one of these colonists, Phanagoras. "The unusual nature of the Taman peninsula near Phanagoria, with its ravines, crevices, hills, and low cones of active volcanoes, must have impressed the ancient colonists even more than it impresses us today", historian
791:
mention a local sanctuary of
Aphrodite as the largest in the Pontic region. Archaeological exploration of the site started in 1822, when "soldiers dug into a large barrow, making rich discoveries of gold and silver objects, many unique, which they divided up between themselves".
799:, which spreads on three sides around Phanagoria. There are thousands of burials, many with cypress or marble sarcophagi — an indication of the well-being of the ancient Phanagorians. Excavations conducted in the 19th century were for the most part amateurish; as many as twelve
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537:, the god Augustus, the overseer of every land and sea". The loyalty to Rome allowed Phanagoria to maintain a dominant position in the region until the 4th century, when it was sacked and destroyed by the invading
852:
and, according to analysis of fragments found at the site, it likely stood for over half a millennium after being constructed around the beginning of the first century BCE." The remains of the
4230:
1197:
Tsetskhladze, Gocha R. (1997). "A Survey of the Major Urban
Settlements in the Kimmerian Bosporos (With a Discussion of Their Status as Poleis)". In Nielsen, Thomas Heine (ed.).
719:
521:, shortly before his death; and his sons, who held the citadel, were obliged to surrender to the insurgents. An inscription found during excavations testifies that Queen
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side of the entrance to the tomb long stone boxes contain four horse burials along with rich grave gifts; saddlery and harnesses of gold and gilded bronze."
4220:
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or the Turks, who burned and destroyed large parts of the city. Most probably an early
Christian basilica stood on the site where the coins were found.
482:, Phanagoria covered an area of 75 hectares (190 acres) of which one third has been submerged by the sea. In the early 4th century BC the burgeoning
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existed in
Phanagoria as early as 51 AD. Underwater investigation of the site has revealed multiple fragments of architectural structures.
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would be razed each season. Some of the most intriguing finds were unearthed in the 1860s at the
Bolshaya Bliznitsa tumulus, classed by
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By the 7th century, the town had recovered from a century of invasions from the steppe peoples. It served as the capital of
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864:, and marble stele fragments," making it one of the earliest, if not the earliest synagogue ever uncovered outside of
490:, including the independent polis of Phanagoria. The town's importance increased with the decline of the old capital,
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1046:(eds. Stillwell, Richard. MacDonald, William L. McAlister, Marian Holland). Princeton University Press, 1976.
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The location of
Phanagoria was determined in the 18th century, when marble statue bases with dedications to
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Phanagoria and other ancient Greek colonies along the north coast of the Black Sea, 8th to 3rd century BC
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resumed excavations of
Phanagoria in 1936. Among the recent finds is an inscription indicating that a
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It is vacant, having had the following incumbents, all of the lowest (episcopal) rank :
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1201:. Historia Einzelschriften. Vol. 117. Stuttgart: Franz Steiner Verlag. pp. 39–82.
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502:. By the first centuries AD, Phanagoria had emerged as the main centre of the kingdom.
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The Greek
Colonisation of the Black Sea Area: Historical Interpretation of Archaeology
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described it as a noteworthy city which was renowned for its trade. It was briefly a
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The
Supreme Gods of the Bosporan Kingdom: Celestial Aphrodite and the Most High God
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374:
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Apart from the ancient city itself, archaeologists have been interested in a vast
714:
Titular Bishop Rafael González Estrada (1944.05.16 – death 1994.03.07), first as
608:
In the 10th century, the town seems to have faced an invasion, supposedly by the
474:. Located on an island in the ancient archipelago of Corocondamitis, between the
283:, 5th century BC. One of 26 similar pieces discovered in a feminine necropolis ("
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In 2023, archaeologists announced "the discovery of one of the world’s oldest
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1220:. Historia Einzelschriften. Vol. 121. Stuttgart: Franz Steiner Verlag.
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612:. After that, Phanagoria could not compete in significance with neighboring
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dominions. Henceforth there has been no permanent settlement on the site.
416:, lies 25 kilometres (16 mi) to the west, on the shoreline of modern
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17:
1180:
Attic Fine Pottery of the Archaic to Hellenistic Periods in Phanagoria
1033:(ed. by Gocha R. Tsetskhladze). Brill Academic Publishers, 2001. p. x.
4226:
Cultural heritage monuments of federal significance in Krasnodar Krai
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in 1928 under the name Matriga, which was changed in 1929 already to
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841:. The coins are thought to have been hidden before an attack by the
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In 2021, archaeologists discovered coins in the broken neck of an
738:
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438:
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4024:
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911:) of Phanagoria, the leader of the city revolt against the King
842:
647:
The Genoese colony was canonically established on 1349.02.21 as
538:
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207:
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1511:
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517:. It was at Phanagoria that the insurrection broke out against
466:
In the 5th century BC, the town thrived on the trade with the
400:
Today the site is located at a short distance to the west of
575:
control probably rested in Khazar hands until the defeat of
317:
627:
was built on its ruins; the site was part of a network of
350:, spread over two plateaus along the eastern shore of the
586:
settled in Phanagoria (then governed by the Khazar tudun
1178:
Morgan, Catherine (2004). Tsetskhladze, Gocha R. (ed.).
1031:
North Pontic Archaeology: Recent Discoveries and Studies
668:
The diocese was nominally restored as a Latin Catholic
455:
in consequence of their conflict with the Persian king
1087:"Copper Coins Unearthed at Greek City Site in Russia"
822:
In 2009 was discovered the palace of Mithridates VI.
707:) (1943.01.09 – 1962.08.20) and on emeritate created
635:
coast. During the 15th century, it was the center of
337:
560:
Afterwards Phanagoria became (at least nominally) a
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2012:
1985:
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829:. They are thought to have been minted in the late
258:
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213:
202:
197:
189:
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144:
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1182:. Phanagoria Studies. Vol. 1. Leiden: Brill.
1113:"Second Temple era synagogue discovered in Russia"
287:'s priestess") near Phanagoria. On exhibit at the
590:) with his wife Theodora, a sister of the Khazar
726:) (1944.05.16 – 1955), then Auxiliary Bishop of
1044:The Princeton Encyclopedia of Classical Sites.
655:Recorded incumbent : Giovanni di Zechia,
447:Phanagoria was founded ca. 543 BC by the
365:and the countries on the southern side of the
1292:
699:) (1928.12.08 – 1943.01.09); later Bishop of
361:for all the traffic between the coast of the
8:
4231:Ancient Greek archaeological sites in Russia
807:as a feminine necropolis with three vaults.
30:
1242:GigaCatholic with incumbent biography links
1199:Yet More Studies in the Ancient Greek Polis
4086:
3804:
3256:
3247:
3228:
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2657:
2174:
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1868:
1537:
1508:
1352:
1328:
1299:
1285:
1277:
730:(Guatemala) (1955 – emeritate 1984.05.29).
385:Metropolitan Archdiocese while a medieval
46:
29:
1067:. “VOLNOE DELO” OLEG DERIPASKA FOUNDATION
970:. Brill Academic Publishers, 1999. p. 61.
755:, discovered in the Phanagoria cemetery,
1250:Archaeological Exploration of Phanagoria
968:The Supreme Gods of the Bosporan Kingdom
571:was nonetheless present in the town and
494:, situated on the opposite shore of the
274:
983:. Oxford University Press, 2002. p. 30.
979:D. Kendall, G. O'Collins, S. T. Davis.
942:
279:A terracotta vessel in the shape of a
4206:Greek colonies on the Black Sea coast
651:. It was suppressed around 1400 AD.
513:and withstood a siege by the army of
7:
3700:Illicitanus Limin/Portus Illicitanus
900:) of Phanagoria, ancient Greek poet.
369:. It was the eastern capital of the
1216:Tsetskhladze, Gocha R, ed. (1998).
649:Metropolitan Archdiocese of Matriga
1140:Composite Gazetteer of Antarctica:
767:), 1st quarter of 4th century BC,
99:
71:
27:Ancient Greek settlement in Russia
25:
4221:Former populated places in Russia
1163:Appian, Mithridatic Wars, §17.114
1152:Athenaeus, Deipnosophists, §13.57
856:-era synagogue included "several
4169:
4159:
4150:
4149:
98:
91:
70:
63:
4170:
743:Pottery vessel in the shape of
711:(1962.02.09 – death 1962.08.20)
631:possessions along the northern
1272:Golden Treasures of Phanagoria
1258:History and Maps of Phanagoria
687:(1928.12.08 – 1943.01.09), as
412:. Another ancient Greek city,
393:, it remains a Latin Catholic
1:
1771:
1758:
1739:
1722:
659:(O.F.M.) (1349.02.22 – 1363?)
579:in 1016. In 704, the deposed
2899:Funeral and burial practices
2084:Military of Mycenaean Greece
926:List of ancient Greek cities
318:
107:Phanagoria (European Russia)
883:is named after Phanagoria.
837:and circulated through the
509:, the town allied with the
377:being the western capital.
338:
110:Show map of European Russia
79:Shown within Krasnodar Krai
4252:
2823:Greek Revival architecture
908:
897:
553:between 632 and 665 under
451:colonists who had to flee
435:Greeks in pre-Roman Crimea
432:
307:
267:
82:Show map of Krasnodar Krai
4236:History of Krasnodar Krai
4145:
4096:
4085:
3246:
3227:
2991:
2894:
2680:
2656:
2231:Attalid kings of Pergamon
2177:
2173:
2160:
2039:Antigonid Macedonian army
1871:
1536:
1507:
1351:
1327:
1314:
1267:Odessa Numismatics Museum
1020:– via Google Books.
720:Quetzaltenango, Los Altos
327:
217:Approximately 543 BC
57:
52:The remains of Phanagoria
45:
35:
4211:Milesian Pontic colonies
993:Ustinova, Yulia (1999).
519:Mithridates VI of Pontus
268:Not to be confused with
783:were discovered there.
2265:Artists & scholars
2180:List of ancient Greeks
1817:Second Athenian League
1666:Greco-Bactrian Kingdom
1491:Ancient Greek colonies
913:Pharnaces II of Pontus
776:
709:Archbishop ad personam
643:Ecclesiastical history
597:, before returning to
515:Pharnaces II of Pontus
444:
296:
193:75 ha (190 acres)
3384:Sybaris on the Traeis
2109:Sacred Band of Thebes
1849:(c. 300 BC–c. 300 AD)
1363:Cycladic civilization
931:Colonies in antiquity
747:inside a shell; from
742:
442:
357:The city was a large
278:
166:45.27694°N 36.96611°E
2909:mythological figures
2630:Ancient Greek tribes
1755:Peloponnesian League
685:Teofilius Matulionis
3021:Tunnel of Eupalinos
3016:Theatre of Dionysus
2640:Ancient Macedonians
2256:Tyrants of Syracuse
1768:Amphictyonic League
1368:Minoan civilization
1263:Coins of Phanagoria
805:Michael Rostovtzeff
486:subjugated much of
162: /
32:
3695:Menestheus's Limin
3349:Pandosia (Lucania)
3237:Greek colonisation
2599:Athenian statesmen
2360:Diogenes of Sinope
2221:Kings of Macedonia
2211:Kings of Commagene
2079:Macedonian phalanx
2059:Hellenistic armies
1807:(c. 424–c. 395 BC)
1671:Indo-Greek Kingdom
1393:Hellenistic Greece
1142:Phanagoria Island.
1118:The Jerusalem Post
813:Vladimir Blavatsky
777:
551:Old Great Bulgaria
500:Cimmerian Bosporus
445:
352:Cimmerian Bosporus
342:) was the largest
297:
171:45.27694; 36.96611
39:(in Ancient Greek)
4183:
4182:
4141:
4140:
4081:
4080:
4077:
4076:
4073:
4072:
3647:Iberian Peninsula
3579:Lipara/Meligounis
3545:
3544:
3223:
3222:
3219:
3218:
3196:Cypriot syllabary
3087:
3086:
2996:Athenian Treasury
2980:
2979:
2652:
2651:
2648:
2647:
2241:Ptolemaic dynasty
2201:Archons of Athens
2156:
2155:
2152:
2151:
2027:Athenian military
2008:
2007:
1841:League of Corinth
1823:Thessalian League
1799:Chalcidian League
1781:Acarnanian League
1691:Ptolemaic Kingdom
1503:
1502:
1499:
1498:
966:Ustinova, Yulia.
877:Phanagoria Island
670:titular bishopric
581:Byzantine emperor
529:as "the emperor,
336:
316:
266:
265:
16:(Redirected from
4243:
4216:Underwater ruins
4196:Bosporan Kingdom
4173:
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4153:
4152:
4087:
3805:
3304:Heraclea Lucania
3257:
3248:
3229:
2989:
2921:Twelve Olympians
2892:
2682:
2658:
2246:Seleucid dynasty
2226:Kings of Paionia
2175:
2162:
2032:Scythian archers
1939:Graphe paranomon
1869:
1776:
1773:
1763:
1760:
1744:
1741:
1731:
1727:
1724:
1538:
1509:
1388:Classical Greece
1373:Mycenaean Greece
1353:
1329:
1301:
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1128:
1126:
1121:. 16 August 2023
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990:
984:
977:
971:
964:
958:
947:
910:
899:
773:Saint Petersburg
769:Hermitage Museum
761:Bosporan Kingdom
753:Classical Greece
716:Auxiliary Bishop
689:Auxiliary Bishop
507:Mithridatic Wars
484:Bosporan Kingdom
371:Bosporan Kingdom
363:Maeotian marshes
341:
331:
329:
321:
311:
309:
289:Hermitage Museum
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95:
83:
74:
73:
67:
50:
40:
33:
21:
4251:
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4240:
4186:
4185:
4184:
4179:
4137:
4092:
4069:
3932:
3926:
3809:
3800:
3792:
3763:Melaina Korkyra
3719:
3641:
3598:
3551:Aeolian Islands
3541:
3403:
3261:
3242:
3241:
3215:
3172:
3083:
3025:
2976:
2930:
2881:
2803:
2794:Wedding customs
2676:
2675:
2644:
2635:Thracian Greeks
2618:
2609:Olympic victors
2587:
2429:
2316:
2260:
2251:Kings of Sparta
2236:Kings of Pontus
2206:Kings of Athens
2182:
2169:
2148:
2044:Army of Macedon
2004:
1981:
1953:
1910:
1858:
1831:(370–c. 230 BC)
1829:Arcadian League
1813:(c. 400–188 BC)
1811:Aetolian League
1805:Boeotian League
1787:Hellenic League
1774:
1761:
1751:(c. 650–404 BC)
1742:
1736:Italiote League
1729:
1725:
1719:Doric Hexapolis
1709:
1700:
1696:Seleucid Empire
1639:
1532:
1531:
1495:
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1378:Greek Dark Ages
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1174:
1172:Further reading
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1093:. July 28, 2021
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765:southern Russia
757:Taman Peninsula
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683:Titular Bishop
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457:Cyrus the Great
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389:under the name
348:Taman peninsula
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3497:Megara Hyblaea
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3477:Hybla Gereatis
3474:
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3467:Heraclea Minoa
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3211:Attic numerals
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3206:Greek numerals
3203:
3201:Greek alphabet
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2855:Musical system
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2287:Mathematicians
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2279:
2274:
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2198:
2196:Kings of Argos
2192:
2190:
2184:
2183:
2178:
2171:
2170:
2165:
2158:
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2111:
2106:
2101:
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2086:
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2066:
2061:
2056:
2054:Cretan archers
2051:
2046:
2041:
2036:
2035:
2034:
2024:
2018:
2016:
2010:
2009:
2006:
2005:
2003:
2002:
1997:
1991:
1989:
1983:
1982:
1980:
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1969:
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1961:
1955:
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1941:
1936:
1931:
1926:
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1898:
1893:
1888:
1883:
1878:
1872:
1866:
1860:
1859:
1857:
1856:
1853:Achaean League
1850:
1847:Euboean League
1844:
1838:
1835:Epirote League
1832:
1826:
1820:
1814:
1808:
1802:
1796:
1790:
1784:
1783:(c. 500–31 BC)
1778:
1765:
1752:
1746:
1733:
1715:
1713:
1711:Confederations
1702:
1701:
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1635:Lissus (Crete)
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1400:
1395:
1390:
1385:
1383:Archaic Greece
1380:
1375:
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1365:
1359:
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1349:
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1345:
1344:
1339:
1333:
1332:
1325:
1324:
1322:
1321:
1315:
1312:
1311:
1308:Ancient Greece
1306:
1304:
1303:
1296:
1289:
1281:
1275:
1274:
1269:
1260:
1252:
1244:
1237:
1236:External links
1234:
1233:
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1226:
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1207:
1194:
1188:
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1170:
1167:
1166:
1155:
1144:
1132:
1104:
1078:
1056:
1035:
1023:
1009:
1003:. p. 29.
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940:
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917:
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901:
888:
887:Notable people
885:
873:
870:
736:
733:
732:
731:
712:
665:
662:
661:
660:
644:
641:
599:Constantinople
564:dependency. A
546:
543:
511:Roman Republic
496:Crimean strait
463:has observed.
461:Yulia Ustinova
430:
427:
425:
422:
406:Krasnodar Krai
387:Genoese colony
293:St. Petersburg
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3698:
3696:
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3688:
3686:
3683:
3681:
3678:
3676:
3675:Hemeroscopion
3673:
3671:
3668:
3666:
3663:
3661:
3658:
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3258:
3255:
3253:
3252:Magna Graecia
3249:
3245:
3238:
3235:
3234:
3230:
3226:
3212:
3209:
3207:
3204:
3202:
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3152:
3149:
3147:
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3139:
3137:
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3132:
3129:
3127:
3126:Arcadocypriot
3124:
3122:
3119:
3118:
3117:
3114:
3112:
3109:
3107:
3104:
3102:
3099:
3098:
3096:
3094:
3090:
3080:
3079:Zeus, Olympia
3077:
3075:
3072:
3070:
3067:
3065:
3064:Hera, Olympia
3062:
3060:
3057:
3055:
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3009:
3007:
3004:
3002:
2999:
2997:
2994:
2993:
2990:
2987:
2983:
2973:
2970:
2968:
2967:Mount Olympus
2965:
2963:
2960:
2958:
2955:
2953:
2950:
2948:
2945:
2943:
2940:
2939:
2937:
2935:Sacred places
2933:
2927:
2924:
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2914:
2910:
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2906:
2905:
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2780:
2777:
2775:
2772:
2770:
2767:
2765:
2762:
2760:
2759:Olympic Games
2757:
2755:
2752:
2750:
2749:Homosexuality
2747:
2745:
2742:
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2737:
2735:
2732:
2730:
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1793:Delian League
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1749:Ionian League
1747:
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1730: 560 BC
1720:
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1227:9783515073028
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1208:9783515072229
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1189:9789004138889
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905:Ancient Greek
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894:Ancient Greek
891:
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869:
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854:Second Temple
851:
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577:Georgius Tzul
574:
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480:Palus Maeotis
477:
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368:
364:
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349:
345:
344:ancient Greek
340:
334:
325:
320:
314:
305:
304:Ancient Greek
301:
294:
290:
286:
282:
277:
271:
261:
257:
252:
249:
245:
241:
238:
234:
231:
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226:Archaic Greek
224:
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196:
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188:
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147:
143:
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137:
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126:
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118:
94:
66:
56:
49:
44:
34:
19:
3970:Dionysopolis
3940:Abonoteichos
3896:
3892:Pantikapaion
3482:Hybla Heraea
2818:Architecture
2774:Prostitution
2463:Aristophanes
2322:Philosophers
2292:Philosophers
2124:Spartan army
1855:(280–146 BC)
1843:(338–322 BC)
1837:(370–168 BC)
1825:(374–196 BC)
1819:(378–355 BC)
1801:(430–348 BC)
1795:(478–404 BC)
1789:(499–449 BC)
1476:Peloponnesus
1398:Roman Greece
1255:(in Russian)
1247:(in Russian)
1217:
1198:
1179:
1158:
1147:
1135:
1123:. Retrieved
1116:
1107:
1095:. Retrieved
1090:
1081:
1069:. Retrieved
1065:"PHANAGORIA"
1059:
1043:
1042:Quoted from
1038:
1030:
1026:
1014:. Retrieved
995:
988:
980:
975:
967:
962:
950:
945:
892:Sosicrates (
875:
847:
824:
821:
809:
794:
778:
678:
673:
667:
657:Friars Minor
648:
646:
624:
623:the town of
619:In the late
618:
607:
595:Busir Glavan
584:Justinian II
572:
559:
548:
535:son of a god
504:
492:Panticapaeum
465:
446:
399:
390:
375:Panticapaeum
356:
346:city on the
299:
298:
4118:Place names
4030:Salmydessus
3852:Kalos Limen
3832:Chersonesus
3822:Borysthenes
3527:Tauromenion
3339:Metapontion
3101:Proto-Greek
3054:Erechtheion
3049:Athena Nike
3011:Philippeion
2840:Mathematics
2811:and science
2694:Agriculture
2558:Stesichorus
2468:Bacchylides
2458:Archilochus
2345:Antisthenes
2335:Anaximander
2307:Seven Sages
2297:Playwrights
2277:Geographers
2272:Astronomers
2099:Pezhetairos
1726: 1100
1706:Federations
1605:Megalopolis
1542:City states
1517:City states
1091:Archaeology
981:The Trinity
952:Geographica
839:6th century
835:4th century
735:Excavations
701:Kaišiadorys
664:Titular see
637:de Ghisolfi
621:Middle Ages
545:Middle Ages
505:During the
395:titular see
319:Phanagóreia
169: /
145:Coordinates
37:Φαναγόρεια
4190:Categories
4020:Polemonion
3897:Phanagoria
3867:Kimmerikon
3862:Kerkinitis
3847:Hermonassa
3837:Dioscurias
3733:Aspalathos
3680:Kalathousa
3655:Akra Leuke
3584:Phoenicusa
3369:Scylletium
3354:Poseidonia
3274:Brentesion
3161:Pamphylian
3156:Macedonian
3074:Samothrace
3059:Hephaestus
3006:Long Walls
2985:Structures
2926:Underworld
2872:Technology
2835:Literature
2769:Philosophy
2734:Euergetism
2623:By culture
2568:Thucydides
2410:Pythagoras
2405:Protagoras
2395:Parmenides
2380:Heraclitus
2365:Empedocles
2355:Democritus
2340:Anaximenes
2330:Anaxagoras
2282:Historians
1775: 595
1762: 550
1743: 800
1728: – c.
1656:Cappadocia
1461:Ionian Sea
1451:Hellespont
1416:Aegean Sea
937:References
898:Σωσικράτης
881:Antarctica
850:synagogues
797:necropolis
614:Tmutarakan
601:by way of
453:Asia Minor
433:See also:
414:Hermonassa
339:Fanagoriya
308:Φαναγόρεια
300:Phanagoria
254:Site notes
185:Settlement
157:36°57′58″E
154:45°16′37″N
31:Phanagoria
4106:in Epirus
4055:Trapezous
4000:Mesambria
3985:Eupatoria
3955:Apollonia
3950:Anchialos
3912:Theodosia
3882:Nymphaion
3872:Myrmekion
3842:Gorgippia
3798:Black Sea
3783:Tragurion
3768:Nymphaion
3753:Epidauros
3748:Epidamnos
3738:Apollonia
3715:Zacynthos
3637:Ptolemais
3631:Apollonia
3604:Cyrenaica
3594:Therassía
3589:Strongyle
3569:Ereikousa
3492:Leontinoi
3432:Apollonia
3309:Hipponion
3106:Mycenaean
3069:Parthenon
3001:Lion Gate
2904:Mythology
2867:Sculpture
2830:Astronomy
2764:Pederasty
2739:Festivals
2724:Education
2604:Lawgivers
2573:Timocreon
2553:Sophocles
2548:Simonides
2523:Philocles
2518:Panyassis
2513:Mimnermus
2478:Herodotus
2473:Euripides
2443:Aeschylus
2390:Leucippus
2350:Aristotle
2129:Strategos
1995:Synedrion
1949:Ostracism
1929:Areopagus
1881:Free city
1676:Macedonia
1560:Byzantion
1466:Macedonia
1431:Cyrenaica
1408:Geography
1342:Geography
1125:16 August
1097:March 18,
1016:12 August
833:or early
817:synagogue
785:Hecataeus
781:Aphrodite
745:Aphrodite
728:Guatemala
724:Guatemala
705:Lithuania
633:Black Sea
588:Balgatzin
562:Byzantine
476:Black Sea
468:Scythians
429:Antiquity
333:romanized
328:Фанагория
313:romanized
259:Condition
4155:Category
4133:Theatres
4060:Tripolis
3995:Kerasous
3990:Heraclea
3922:Tyritake
3877:Nikonion
3788:Thronion
3710:Salauris
3665:Emporion
3622:Berenice
3612:Balagrae
3564:Euonymos
3537:Tyndaris
3522:Syracuse
3517:Selinous
3487:Kamarina
3442:Casmenae
3427:Akrillai
3344:Neápolis
3279:Caulonia
3260:Mainland
3191:Linear B
3186:Linear A
3116:Dialects
3093:Language
2887:Religion
2845:Medicine
2779:Religion
2744:Folklore
2729:Emporium
2704:Clothing
2699:Calendar
2583:Xenophon
2578:Tyrtaeus
2563:Theognis
2538:Polybius
2533:Plutarch
2508:Menander
2488:Hipponax
2415:Socrates
2370:Epicurus
2216:Diadochi
2114:Sciritae
2074:Hetairoi
2049:Ballista
2014:Military
1977:Gerousia
1967:Ekklesia
1934:Ecclesia
1916:Athenian
1864:Politics
1777:–279 BC)
1764:–366 BC)
1745:–389 BC)
1681:Pergamon
1651:Bithynia
1644:Kingdoms
1585:Pergamon
1527:Military
1522:Politics
1319:Timeline
1265:in site
949:Strabo,
920:See also
903:Castor (
858:menorahs
603:Bulgaria
573:de facto
527:Augustus
525:honored
478:and the
383:Catholic
367:Caucasus
359:emporium
270:Fangoria
236:Cultures
230:Medieval
123:Sennoy,
120:Location
4201:Bulgars
4175:Outline
4128:Temples
4065:Zaliche
4045:Thèrmae
4035:Sesamus
4005:Odessos
3980:Cytorus
3975:Cotyora
3725:Illyria
3690:Mainake
3685:Kypsela
3574:Hycesia
3532:Thermae
3512:Segesta
3502:Messana
3457:Helorus
3437:Calacte
3417:Akragas
3379:Sybaris
3364:Rhegion
3319:Krimisa
3269:Alision
3178:Writing
3151:Locrian
3141:Epirote
3111:Homeric
3044:Artemis
3031:Temples
2972:Olympia
2942:Eleusis
2877:Theatre
2862:Pottery
2789:Warfare
2784:Slavery
2719:Economy
2714:Cuisine
2709:Coinage
2686:Society
2671:Culture
2666:Society
2614:Tyrants
2453:Alcaeus
2435:Authors
2385:Hypatia
2375:Gorgias
2312:Writers
2134:Toxotai
2104:Sarissa
2094:Peltast
2089:Phalanx
2069:Hoplite
2064:Hippeis
1987:Macedon
1959:Spartan
1944:Heliaia
1891:Proxeny
1600:Larissa
1595:Kerkyra
1590:Eretria
1580:Miletus
1575:Ephesus
1570:Corinth
1565:Chalcis
1486:Taurica
1356:Periods
1337:History
956:11.2.10
872:Honours
827:amphora
801:kurgans
697:Belarus
693:Mohilev
674:Matrega
629:Genoese
625:Matrega
523:Dynamis
488:Sindica
424:History
391:Matrega
373:, with
335::
324:Russian
315::
285:Demeter
222:Periods
214:Founded
203:Builder
198:History
18:Matrega
4165:Portal
4113:People
4101:Cities
4040:Sinope
4025:Rhizos
4015:Phasis
3965:Bathus
3960:Athina
3945:Amisos
3907:Tanais
3902:Pityus
3827:Charax
3778:Pharos
3773:Orikon
3670:Helike
3660:Alonis
3627:Cyrene
3559:Didyme
3472:Himera
3447:Catana
3409:Sicily
3399:Thurii
3394:Terina
3359:Pixous
3314:Hydrus
3289:Croton
3121:Aeolic
3039:Aphaea
2962:Dodona
2947:Delphi
2916:Temple
2592:Others
2543:Sappho
2528:Pindar
2503:Lucian
2498:Ibycus
2483:Hesiod
2420:Thales
2188:Rulers
2167:People
2144:Xyston
2139:Xiphos
2000:Koinon
1906:Tyrant
1896:Stasis
1886:Koinon
1686:Pontus
1661:Epirus
1630:Sparta
1620:Rhodes
1615:Megara
1610:Thebes
1555:Athens
1481:Pontus
1446:Epirus
1436:Cyprus
1421:Aeolis
1224:
1205:
1186:
1071:5 July
1050:
1007:
909:Κάστωρ
866:Israel
862:altars
789:Strabo
749:Attica
592:Khagan
566:Khazar
555:Kubrat
531:Caesar
410:Russia
402:Sennoy
379:Strabo
281:sphinx
262:Ruined
248:Khazar
244:Bulgar
135:Region
129:Russia
4123:Stoae
4091:Lists
4010:Oinòe
3933:coast
3931:South
3917:Tyras
3887:Olbia
3857:Kepoi
3810:coast
3808:North
3801:basin
3743:Aulon
3705:Rhode
3617:Barca
3507:Naxos
3462:Henna
3422:Akrai
3389:Taras
3374:Siris
3334:Medma
3329:Locri
3294:Cumae
3284:Chone
3262:Italy
3168:Koine
3146:Ionic
3136:Doric
3131:Attic
2952:Delos
2850:Music
2493:Homer
2448:Aesop
2400:Plato
2302:Poets
1972:Ephor
1924:Agora
1901:Tagus
1876:Boule
1625:Samos
1550:Argos
1456:Ionia
1441:Doris
1426:Crete
1001:Brill
569:tudun
498:, or
472:Sindi
449:Teian
418:Taman
240:Greek
4050:Tium
3817:Akra
3758:Issa
3452:Gela
3324:Laüs
3299:Elea
2957:Dion
2809:Arts
2799:Wine
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