Knowledge (XXG)

Mazeppa (opera)

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615:. Mazeppa replies that he can easily apply to the church for an exemption. Kochubey orders Mazeppa to leave. Mazeppa replies that he has already asked Mariya's hand, and been accepted, with a slight hint that he may already have had his way with Mariya. Kochubey still refuses, and Mazeppa calls in his guard. Mazeppa demands submission, everyone else curses his immoral desires and rise up against him, but just as battle is about to break out, Mariya throws herself between the two groups. As he leaves, Mazeppa calls for Mariya to decide whether she wishes to stay at home and never see him again, or to come with him. She chooses him to everyone's surprise and distress. 642:
hears the priest coming to hear his last confession – but instead, it turns out to be Orlik, Mazeppa's henchman and torturer. Kochubey asks what more he could want – he had agreed under torture to everything that had been asked of him. But he hadn't revealed the location of his hidden treasures. He tells them to send Mariya, who will show them everything, and let him pray before his execution: he has already lost his treasures – his honour to a false confession extracted under torture, Mariya's honour to Mazeppa, and now has only the prospect of God's vengeance after his death. This is not enough for Orlik – the tortures recommence.
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eventually succeeds. He reveals his plan to gain independence for Ukraine, making himself King and Mariya queen. Mariya thinks the crown would suit him very well. He then begins testing her out about her father – who does she care for more – her husband or her family? Eventually Mariya says she would give up – indeed, has given up, everything for him. Mazeppa leaves, reassured.
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apologises: She had thought him someone else, but the person she thought he was had white hair, and his is covered with blood. Orlik returns and warns Mazeppa that troops approach – Mazeppa wants to take Mariya, but Orlik points out she'd slow them down. He asks whether Mazeppa cares more for a mad woman or his own head, and Mazeppa reluctantly leaves Mariya behind.
270:(this music later became Mazeppa and Mariya's Act 2 duet). Librettist Burenin followed Pushkin's poem, incorporating large excerpts from Poltava into his libretto, but Tchaikovsky was not very pleased with Burenin's work: he felt "no special enthusiasm for the characters", and went on to make some critical changes of his own, adding more of Pushkin's lines back in. 1221: 258:. Pushkin took some creative freedom in order to create powerful characters and grand passions. For example, Kochubey (the wealthy Cossack whose daughter elopes with Mazeppa) actually managed to successfully keep Mariya from him. He turned Mazeppa in to the Tsar four years after Mazeppa asked for her hand. 704:
Mariya finds Andrei, and the blood on him – she cries out at finding blood everywhere, and remembers "dreams" of an execution. Andrei stirs, not quite dead, and Mariya mistakes him for a young child. He begs Mariya to look at him so he can see her face one last time – but she is in her own world, and
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Mazeppa ponders the terrible blow that will befall Mariya when she learns what he has done to her father – he has to be strong whilst he's trying to consolidate his power, but Mariya... Orlik arrives. Kochubey has revealed nothing about his treasure as yet. The execution is set for dawn, and Orlik is
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Lyubov arrives, and pleads with Mariya to go to Mazeppa to save Kochubey – only she can save him. Mariya, not knowing anything about it, takes some time to figure out what was going on, but then is horrified and faints, unable to bear it. Lyubov shakes her awake – the procession is already leaving.
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Lyubov mourns Mariya's loss, the women of the house trying to comfort her, to no avail. She sends them away and tries to stir Kochubey to rouse the Cossacks to war and go to attack Mazeppa – but he has a better plan: Whilst the two were still friends, Mazeppa hinted at a plan to ally with Sweden and
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At both performances, the work was brilliantly staged but marred by the uneven vocal and acting abilities of the cast. But audiences responded warmly and the critical notices, in Moscow at least, were kind. Tchaikovsky's brother, Modest, hid the truth about the critical roasting the opera got in St.
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Then Mazeppa draws Kochubey aside, and asks for his daughter's hand. Kochubey thinks he's joking at first – he is, after all, very old. Mazeppa claims that the passions of an old heart, once lit, are not like those of a young heart that burn brightly but then fade – they smoulder forever. Kochubey
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Mazeppa, and so she cannot stay with them. After they leave, she reveals that games have no temptation for her anymore, for she is in love with Mazeppa. Her childhood friend, Andrei, overhears her, and tries to comfort her, but when she thanks him for his kind friendship, he reveals he always loved
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The poor of the city have gathered for the execution, but their grim fears for Kochubey and hatred of Mazeppa are interrupted by a drunken Cossack singing a cheery little folk song. Mazeppa and Orlik arrive, Kochubey and Iskra are dragged on as prisoners and pray to God to forgive them. They are
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The libretto was revised over and over again, even after the opera's premieres. Choosing to focus primarily on the love story at the heart of the opera, the composer added the character Andrei, a lovesick boy whose unrequited love for the beautiful Mariya gives her tragic fate a special poignancy.
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The plan has not gone well. Peter the Great sided with Mazeppa, and turned Kochubey over to him, sending, as Kochubey puts it, a loyal servant into the hand of a treasonous one. Under torture, Kochubey has made a false confession. Kochubey is trying to make himself right with God, and thinks he
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Mariya arrives, completely mad. She does not recognise Mazeppa, and has convinced herself that her father's trick was just a joke played on her by her mother. But she sees blood everywhere. Mazeppa tries to comfort her – she starts to be, and babbles to him, but then sees blood on his face, and
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Mazeppa and Orlik are fleeing the battle, Mazeppa brooding over having once been powerful, but now, in one day, having lost everything. He sends Orlik off to prepare camp. Andrei springs out and challenges Mazeppa with his sword. Mazeppa warns Andrei he is armed. Andrei charges at him, sword
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Mariya arrives, and flirts with him, but her thoughts turn darker – why is he spending so much time away from her of late? Why did he toast Poltava the other night? Who is she? She gave up everything for him – if he rejected her now... Mazeppa tries to calm her, unsuccessfully at first, but
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her. She wishes it could be different, that she could love him too – but fate will not allow it. Andrei rushes off in despair. Mariya's father and mother, Vasily and Lyubov Kochubey arrive with the guests, and dance and song are provided for Mazeppa's entertainment, including the famous
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A group of peasant girls sail on the river, singing of making garlands of flowers to cast on the river and so divine their husband as a fortune-telling game. Mariya arrives, and they all plead with her to join them, but there is company at her house: The
628:'s rule. Iskra, Kochubey's friend, is all for denouncing Mazeppa to Peter, but they need a messenger. Andrei, who feels his life is over after having lost Mariya, agrees to deliver it. Everyone curses Mazeppa and relishes the thought of his execution. 668:
dragged to the stocks – the crowd gathers round – The axes are raised. Mariya and Lyubov arrive – just in time to see the axes fall. Lyubov rejects Mariya, who collapses in tears as the grim final chords of the chorus echo over the stage. Curtain.
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just sings a lullaby to him, not realising what's happening or who he is. Part way through it, he dies, giving her one last farewell. Mariya continues rocking his corpse, singing the lullaby and staring into the distance as the opera ends.
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to his publisher in the summer of 1881. Soon, he became obsessed with Poltava's story of tragic love and political betrayal and quickly produced four numbers plus sketching a duet based on material from his symphonic poem
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Andrei has fought in the Battle of Poltava, but was unable to find Mazeppa. He wanders around the ruins of the estate, remembering happier times. Horsemen approach and he hides.
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Mazeppa shares many characteristics with Tchaikovsky's Eugene Onegin: they both center on a young woman whose powerful love draws her into a catastrophic downward spiral.
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is a blood-thirsty tale of crazy love, abduction, political persecution, execution, and vengeful murder. The action takes place in
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Petersburg; when he finally learned the truth, Tchaikovsky wrote to thank him: "You did well, the truth might have killed me."
1268: 2105: 2014: 1999: 1654: 1590: 1605: 1094:. Indiana University Press, 2002, Vol. 1. Thematic Catalogue of Works, Catalogue of Photographs, Autobiography. 636 pages. 2004: 1788: 1618: 1021: 198: 1624: 1528: 1523: 1508: 1498: 1488: 1478: 1454: 998:(Kochubey), Vera Davydova (Lyubov), Grigoriy Bolshakov (Andrey), Vsevolod Tyutyunnik (Orlik), Tikhon Tchernyakov (Iskra) 1611: 1422: 1394: 1853: 716: 180: 752: 1959: 1899: 1733: 1661: 1121: 1859: 1304: 158: 31: 1232: 393: 303: 1689: 1415: 612: 734: 408: 1059:
Orchestra and Chorus; Nikolai Putilin (Mazepa), Irina Loskutova (Mariya), Sergei Aleksashkin (Kochubey),
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1982, Fuat Mansurov (conductor), Bolshoy Theatre Orchestra and Chorus; Vladimir Valaitis (Mazepa),
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at the beginning of the 18th century. The protagonists are the historical figures
523:: Piccolo, 3 Flutes, 2 Oboes, Cor Anglais, 2 Clarinets (B-flat and A), 2 Bassoons 1408: 1056: 921:Ой, гой, чумандра, чумандриха молода! (Oy, goy, chumandra, chumandrikha Moloda!) 814:Нету, нету тут мосточка, нету переходу (Netu, netu tut mostocka, netu perekhodu) 741: 651:
sent off to resume what needs to be done. Mazeppa ponders Mariya and the night.
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Four days later, on 19 February , the St. Petersburg premiere followed at the
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The two run off in an attempt to plead with Mazeppa for Kochubey's life.
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The work was also arranged by Tchaikovsky for voices with piano (1883).
832:Мазепа, ты меня смущаешь речью (Mazeppa, ty menya smushchayesh' rech'yu) 1429: 563: 498: 421: 243: 190: 595: 587: 367: 1063:(Lyubov), Viktor Lutsiuk (Andrey), Nikolai Gassiev (Drunken Cossack) 808:Ну, чествуешь, Василий, ты меня" (Nu, Cestvuyes', Vasiliy, ti menya) 205:(c.1640–1708), a very prosperous Ukrainian nobleman and statesman. 969:Ушёл старик, как сердце бьётся (Ushol starik, kak serdtse byotsya) 819: 802:Вам любы песни, милые подружки (Vam lyuby pesni, miliye podruzhki) 600: 436: 212: 154: 27: 1258: 286:
The premiere performance took place on 15 February 1884 at the
1277: 951:В бою кровавом, на поле чести (V boyu krovavom, na pole chesti) 1120:
Program brochure of the performance of Mazeppa in 2006 by the
535:: Timpani, Triangle, Tambourine, Side Drum, Cymbals, Bass Drum 1044:(Andrey), Richard Margison (Iskra), Monte Pederson (Orlik), 689:
Scene 1: The ruins of Kochubey's estate, near the battlefield
845:Не гроза небеса кроет тучею (Ne groza nebesa kroyet tucheyu) 274:
contributed the text for Mazeppa's aria in Act 2, Scene 2.
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The Tchaikovsky Handbook: A guide to the man and his music
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The Tchaikovsky Handbook: A guide to the man and his music
796:Я завью венок мой душистый (Ya zav'yu venok moy dushistiy) 261:
Tchaikovsky first mentioned the idea of an opera based on
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International Tchaikovsky Competition for Young Musicians
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The opera was composed between June 1881 and April 1883.
517:: Violin I, Violin II, Violas, Cellos, and Double Basses 957:Невдалеке я слышу топот (Nevdaleke ya slishu topot...) 851:Очнись от горя, Кочубей! (Ochnis' ot gorya, Kochubey!) 646:
Scene 2: A terrace of Mazeppa's castle. The same night
902:Как блещут звёзды в небе (Kak blescut zvyozdi v Nebe) 611:, which is considered closer than a blood tie in the 501:, women, guests, Kochubey's servants, monks, henchmen 1987: 1952: 1925: 1877: 1813: 1773: 1646: 1556: 1471: 1439: 1351: 871:Так вот награда за донос (Tak Vot Nagrada Za Donos) 339: 332:The American premiere took place on March 6, 2006. 97: 83: 75: 65: 52: 21: 242:. Pushkin based his story on historical events at 882:No.10 Mazeppa's Monologue and Scene with Orlik: 1727:Festival Overture on the Danish National Anthem 1167:, Praeger Publishers, 30 May 2005. Hardcover 1145:. New York, 1992. Vol. Four, pp. 287–288. 913:No.13 Crowd Scene and Drunken Cossack's Song: 826:Вот хорошо, люблю... (Vot khoroso, lyublyu...) 637:Scene 1: A dungeon in Mazeppa's castle, night. 607:points out, however, that Mazeppa is Mariya's 1289: 884:Тиха украинская ночь (Tikha ukraynskaya noch) 8: 900:No.12 Scene Between Mariya and her Mother: 2086:Operas based on works by Aleksandr Pushkin 1296: 1282: 1274: 681:: Peter the Great's defeat of Mazeppa and 38: 18: 1239:International Music Score Library Project 529:: 4 Horns, 2 Trumpets, 3 Trombones, Tuba, 1184: 1165:An Introduction to Tchaikovsky's Operas 1105:Poznansky, Alexander; Langston, Brett, 1090:Poznansky, Alexander; Langston, Brett, 1024:, Chorus of the Royal Opera Stockholm; 712: 800:No.2 Scene, Mariya's Arioso and Duet: 2025:International Tchaikovsky Competition 2010:Moscow State Tchaikovsky Conservatory 1254:Russian libretto in zip file for Word 1087:. New York: G.P. Putnam's Sons, 1976. 7: 890:О Мария, Мария! (O, Mariya, Mariya!) 1084:The New Kobbé's Complete Opera Book 1013:(Lyubov), Vladislav Pyavko (Andrey) 894:No.11 Mazeppa's Scene with Mariya: 619:Scene 2: A room in Kochubey's manor 2121:Cultural depictions of Ivan Mazepa 2081:Operas by Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky 794:No.1 Chorus of Maidens and Scene: 697:waving... and Mazeppa shoots him. 14: 1755:Orchestral Suite No. 4 in G major 1750:Orchestral Suite No. 3 in G major 1745:Orchestral Suite No. 2 in C major 1740:Orchestral Suite No. 1 in D minor 1142:The New Grove Dictionary of Opera 961:No.18 Onset of Mariya's Madness: 896:Мой милый друг! 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based on real people 1197:en.tchaikovsky-research.net 624:fight to free Ukraine from 203:Vasyl Leontiyovych Kochubey 2137: 1865:String Sextet in D minor ( 1619:Violin Concerto in D major 677:Orchestral Interlude: The 181:cultural legacy of Mazeppa 102:15 February 1884 2040: 1960:Modest Ilyich Tchaikovsky 1842:String Quartet No. 3 in E 1734:Festival Coronation March 1580:Piano Concerto No. 3 in E 1564:Piano Concerto No. 1 in B 1311: 888:No.10a Mazeppa's Arioso: 495: 139: 58: 37: 26: 1305:Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky 1249:Russian libretto in HTML 294:with stage Direction by 232:s libretto was based on 195:Ivan Stepanovych Mazeppa 159:Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky 2091:Russian-language operas 1911:Piano Sonata No. 2 in C 1854:Souvenir d'un lieu cher 812:No.4 Chorus and Dance: 613:Russian Orthodox Church 290:in Moscow conducted by 1122:Opéra National de Lyon 955:No.17 Scene and Duet: 496:Chorus, silent roles: 254:defeated Swedish King 238:, a narrative poem by 222: 2106:Operas set in Ukraine 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Gorchakova 1003:Tamara Milashkina 936:No.15 Entr'acte: 679:Battle of Poltava 506: 505: 490:Aleksandr Dodonov 400:Lyubov, his wife 319:Mariinsky Theatre 240:Alexander Pushkin 218:Aleksandr Pushkin 197:(1639–1709), the 121: 120: 2128: 2058: 2048: 2047: 1995:In popular media 1966:Vladimir Davydov 1942:The Music Lovers 1916: 1915: 1847: 1846: 1826: 1825: 1655:Romeo and Juliet 1647:Orchestral works 1592:Concert Fantasia 1585: 1584: 1569: 1568: 1547: 1544: 1543: 1529:No. 6 in B minor 1524:No. 5 in E minor 1509:No. 4 in F minor 1499:No. 3 in D major 1489:No. 2 in C minor 1483:Winter Daydreams 1479:No. 1 in G minor 1381:Vakula the Smith 1298: 1291: 1284: 1275: 1237:: Scores at the 1223: 1208: 1207: 1205: 1203: 1189: 1079:Earl of Harewood 1061:Larissa Diadkova 1038:Anatoly Kocherga 1030:Larissa Diadkova 1026:Sergei Leiferkus 755: 737: 719: 340: 323:Eduard Nápravník 304:Mikhail Bocharov 298:, set design by 272:Vasily Kandaurov 268:Romeo and Juliet 231: 169:and is based on 152: 151: 150: 148: 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1699: 1694: 1692: 1691: 1687: 1685: 1684: 1680: 1678: 1677: 1673: 1671: 1670: 1666: 1664: 1663: 1659: 1657: 1656: 1652: 1651: 1649: 1645: 1639: 1636: 1634: 1633: 1629: 1627: 1626: 1622: 1620: 1617: 1615: 1614: 1613:Valse-Scherzo 1610: 1608: 1607: 1603: 1601: 1600: 1596: 1594: 1593: 1589: 1587: 1578: 1576: 1573: 1571: 1562: 1561: 1559: 1555: 1546: 1539:Symphony in E 1537: 1534: 1530: 1527: 1525: 1522: 1519: 1515: 1512: 1510: 1507: 1504: 1500: 1497: 1494: 1490: 1487: 1484: 1480: 1477: 1476: 1474: 1470: 1464: 1463: 1459: 1457: 1456: 1452: 1450: 1449: 1445: 1444: 1442: 1438: 1432: 1431: 1427: 1425: 1424: 1420: 1418: 1417: 1413: 1411: 1410: 1406: 1404: 1403: 1399: 1397: 1396: 1392: 1390: 1389: 1388:Eugene Onegin 1385: 1383: 1382: 1378: 1376: 1375: 1374:The Oprichnik 1371: 1369: 1368: 1364: 1362: 1361: 1357: 1356: 1354: 1350: 1344: 1341: 1339: 1336: 1334: 1331: 1327: 1324: 1323: 1322: 1321:Musical style 1319: 1317: 1314: 1313: 1310: 1306: 1299: 1294: 1292: 1287: 1285: 1280: 1279: 1276: 1270: 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Grigoriev 477: 474: 472: 468: 467: 464: 461: 459: 456: 454: 450: 447: 446: 443: 442:Dmitri Usatov 440: 438: 435: 432: 431: 428: 425: 423: 420: 418: 414: 413: 410: 407: 405: 404:mezzo-soprano 402: 399: 398: 395: 394:Pavel Borisov 392: 389: 387: 384: 383: 380: 377: 375: 372: 370: 369: 364: 361: 360: 356: 349:Premiere cast 348: 345: 342: 341: 335: 333: 330: 326: 324: 321:conducted by 320: 315: 313: 312:Balletmeister 309: 305: 301: 297: 296:Anton Bartsal 293: 289: 281: 279: 275: 273: 269: 264: 259: 257: 253: 249: 245: 241: 237: 236: 228: 219: 215: 208: 206: 204: 200: 196: 192: 188: 184: 182: 178: 177: 172: 168: 164: 160: 156: 149: 137: 133: 132: 127: 126: 114: 100: 96: 90: 86: 82: 78: 74: 71: 68: 64: 55: 51: 46: 41: 36: 33: 29: 25: 20: 1940: 1932: 1898: 1891: 1884: 1866: 1852: 1803:Six Romances 1801: 1794: 1787: 1780: 1758: 1732: 1725: 1720:Marche slave 1718: 1711: 1706:The Voyevoda 1704: 1697: 1695: 1688: 1681: 1674: 1667: 1660: 1653: 1630: 1623: 1612: 1604: 1597: 1591: 1548:(unfinished) 1532: 1517: 1502: 1492: 1482: 1460: 1453: 1446: 1428: 1421: 1414: 1407: 1401: 1400: 1393: 1386: 1379: 1372: 1365: 1360:The Voyevoda 1358: 1233: 1218: 1200:. Retrieved 1196: 1187: 1178: 1177: 1164: 1140: 1132: 1106: 1091: 1082: 1072: 1071: 1046:Heinz Zednik 1042:Sergej Larin 1040:(Kochubey), 1009:(Kochubey), 980: 968: 962: 956: 950: 944: 937: 928: 927: 920: 914: 908: 901: 895: 889: 883: 877: 870: 864: 858: 857: 850: 844: 838: 831: 825: 813: 807: 806:No.3 Scene: 801: 795: 789: 783: 782: 777:Introduction 703: 699: 695: 692: 688: 687: 676: 675: 666: 662: 661: 657: 653: 649: 645: 644: 640: 636: 635: 622: 618: 617: 605: 592: 581: 580: 568: 567: 559: 558: 553: 552: 544: 538: 532: 526: 520: 514: 497: 470: 452: 416: 366: 363:Ivan Mazeppa 353:(Conductor: 331: 327: 316: 311: 285: 276: 267: 262: 260: 233: 226: 224: 186: 185: 174: 130: 129: 124: 123: 122: 53:Native title 2096:1884 operas 1945:(1971 film) 1937:(1970 film) 1934:Tchaikovsky 1900:The Seasons 1878:Piano music 1774:Vocal music 1662:The Tempest 1557:Concertante 1409:Cherevichki 1057:Kirov Opera 1018:Neeme Järvi 996:Ivan Petrov 763:(1672–1725) 745:(1672–1742) 742:Pylyp Orlyk 463:Otto Führer 346:Voice type 256:Charles XII 250:where Tsar 221:(1799–1837) 128:, properly 32:Tchaikovsky 2075:Categories 1926:Portrayals 1759:Mozartiana 1533:Pathétique 1472:Symphonies 1326:Symphonies 1068:References 1036:(Mariya), 1032:(Lyubov), 1028:(Mazepa), 1005:(Mariya), 985:Recordings 569:Overture: 533:Percussion 308:Lev Ivanov 248:the battle 106:1884-02-15 93:by Pushkin 66:Librettist 1962:(brother) 1690:The Storm 1448:Swan Lake 1179:Citations 770:Structure 609:godfather 582:Scene 1: 521:Woodwinds 153:), is an 57:Russian: 2050:Category 1980:(patron) 1968:(nephew) 1914:♯ 1845:♭ 1824:♭ 1806:(Op. 38) 1583:♭ 1567:♭ 1542:♭ 1333:The Five 1259:Belcanto 1244:Synopsis 584:Kochubey 549:Synopsis 499:Cossacks 453:henchman 415:Mariya, 374:baritone 173:'s poem 163:libretto 115:, Moscow 98:Premiere 84:Based on 76:Language 1988:Related 1518:Manfred 1440:Ballets 1430:Iolanta 1234:Mazeppa 1226:Mazeppa 1139:(ed.), 1133:Mazeppa 1124:at the 1073:Sources 909:Scene 3 878:Scene 2 865:Scene 1 839:Scene 2 790:Scene 1 760:Peter I 564:Ukraine 515:Strings 469:Iskra, 433:Andrei 422:soprano 263:Poltava 244:Poltava 235:Poltava 227:Mazeppa 191:Ukraine 187:Mazeppa 176:Poltava 171:Pushkin 136:Russian 125:Mazeppa 104: ( 89:Poltava 79:Russian 22:Mazeppa 2101:Operas 1974:(wife) 1953:People 1796:Moscow 1669:Hamlet 1503:Polish 1367:Undina 1352:Operas 1202:May 3, 1171:  1157:  1149:  1113:  1098:  1051:1996, 1016:1993, 990:1949, 818:No.4a 596:Hetman 588:Dniepr 541:: Harp 486:tenor 475:tenor 368:hetman 306:, and 201:, and 161:. The 147:listen 140:Мазепа 131:Mazepa 59:Мазепа 2060:Audio 1917:minor 1848:minor 1827:major 1698:Fatum 1586:major 1570:minor 1545:major 1343:Death 1135:" in 945:Scene 929:Act 3 859:Act 2 820:Hopak 784:Act 1 672:Act 3 632:Act 2 601:Hopak 577:Act I 560:Place 539:Other 527:Brass 449:Orlik 437:tenor 390:bass 343:Role 336:Roles 230:' 155:opera 28:Opera 1204:2023 1169:ISBN 1155:ISBN 1153:and 1147:ISBN 1111:ISBN 1096:ISBN 554:Time 458:bass 302:and 310:as 30:by 2077:: 1195:. 603:. 562:: 451:, 365:, 357:) 325:. 314:. 246:, 183:. 138:: 1869:) 1761:) 1757:( 1535:) 1531:( 1520:) 1516:( 1505:) 1501:( 1495:) 1491:( 1485:) 1481:( 1297:e 1290:t 1283:v 1206:. 1128:. 1117:. 1102:. 134:( 108:) 91:" 87:"

Index

Opera
Tchaikovsky

Bogomir Korsov
Victor Burenin
Poltava
Bolshoi Theatre
Russian
listen
opera
Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky
libretto
Victor Burenin
Pushkin
Poltava
cultural legacy of Mazeppa
Ukraine
Ivan Stepanovych Mazeppa
Hetman of the Ukrainian Cossacks
Vasyl Leontiyovych Kochubey

Aleksandr Pushkin
Poltava
Alexander Pushkin
Poltava
the battle
Peter the Great
Charles XII
Vasily Kandaurov
Bolshoi Theatre

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