31:
356:. Within an 18-foot (5.5 m) radius around the entrances or driveways of reproductive health care facilities, the Act prohibited approaching within six feet of another person "for the purpose of passing a leaflet or handbill to, displaying a sign to, or engaging in oral protest, education, or counseling with such other person", unless this was done with the person's consent. The Act also contained a prohibition against obstructing a person who was entering or leaving such a facility.
360:
care facility within a radius of 35 feet". Exempt individuals included: people leaving and entering the facility, employees and agents of the facility within the scope of their employment, law enforcement and other first responders, and persons using the "public sidewalk or street right-of-way adjacent to such facility solely for the purpose of reaching a destination other than the facility".
359:
In 2007, the Act was amended. The 18-foot no approach zone was replaced with a 35-foot (11 m) buffer zone around reproductive health care facilities. The amended law prohibited non-exempt individuals from "knowingly enter or remain on a public way or sidewalk adjacent to a reproductive health
326:
The law – part of the
Reproductive Health Care Facilities Act – barred non-exempt individuals from entering or remaining "on a public way or sidewalk adjacent to a reproductive health care facility within a radius of 35 feet". The Court unanimously held that the law violated the First Amendment to
410:
Although respondents claim that
Massachusetts 'tried other laws already on the books', they identify not a single prosecution brought under those laws within at least the last 17 years. And while they also claim that the Commonwealth 'tried injunctions', the last injunctions they cite date to the
405:
delivered the opinion of the Court, writing that: "The buffer zones burden substantially more speech than necessary to achieve asserted interests." He stated that there were alternatives available to
Massachusetts that "appear capable of serving its interests, without excluding individuals from
451:
also filed an opinion concurring in the judgment, but disagreed with
Roberts' opinion that the law was viewpoint-neutral. Alito considered that the law "blatantly discriminates based on viewpoint": a "sidewalk counselor" would not be permitted to enter the zone in order to approach a woman and
2061:
1493:
1536:
1146:
959:
411:
1990s. In short, the
Commonwealth has not shown that it seriously undertook to address the problem with less intrusive tools readily available to it. Nor has it shown that it considered different methods that other jurisdictions have found effective.
183:
The provisions of the
Reproductive Health Care Facilities Act limiting protesting within 35 feet of an abortion clinic violate the Free Speech Clause of the First Amendment. United States Court of Appeals for the First Circuit reversed and
4351:
1947:
4673:
461:
2987:
2121:
3723:
3493:
6279:
6135:
4649:
4617:
4553:
3598:
1670:
1194:
1867:
2836:
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2097:
6432:
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4263:
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1386:
5096:
1811:
4191:
3183:
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1509:
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3614:
1178:
3771:
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1955:
3887:
3879:
4641:
4468:
3918:
2309:
388:
328:
5729:
5016:
5000:
4897:
3175:
1552:
1226:
858:
722:
671:
648:
599:
576:
553:
530:
507:
484:
166:
87:
6319:
5721:
5179:
4609:
2141:
1394:
6412:
4561:
4199:
3847:
6417:
4380:
4247:
4040:
3558:
2780:
2016:
1939:
1234:
703:
The
Unavoidable Implication of McCullen v. Coakley: Protection against Unwelcome Speech is Not a Sufficient Justification for Restricting Speech in Traditional Public Fora
6351:
6218:
4952:
4737:
4023:
3403:
874:
799:
384:
312:
294:
347:, which, among other things, prohibited the use of physical force toward or physical obstruction of a person seeking to obtain or provide reproductive health services.
4092:
3822:
1335:
906:
3151:
5998:
5753:
5104:
2069:
1469:
6437:
5331:
3259:
927:
440:
agreed) concurred in the judgment but disagreed with the reasons of the Chief
Justice. In Scalia's view, the law was content-based, the Court should have applied
4513:
3787:
1186:
2748:
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6038:
5954:
5636:
5203:
3979:
3363:
3050:
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5847:
5385:
5238:
4745:
4705:
2868:
1963:
1359:
1351:
6442:
6402:
4833:
4569:
3942:
3739:
2812:
2796:
2788:
850:
3747:
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5540:
5442:
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3863:
3691:
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2700:
2668:
2024:
1859:
1242:
1074:
344:
3395:
2564:
1544:
1410:
1058:
790:
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1138:
6407:
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5820:
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4873:
4713:
3566:
3509:
2764:
6359:
4857:
5812:
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6251:
5299:
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4992:
4976:
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4084:
4032:
4011:
3550:
2772:
2195:
1739:
5855:
5187:
4917:
4231:
4100:
3448:
2732:
1883:
1402:
943:
4849:
350:
In 2000, Massachusetts passed the
Reproductive Health Care Facilities Act, which was broadly modeled on laws upheld by the Supreme Court in
6202:
5064:
5048:
4311:
4140:
4068:
2214:
1987:
1426:
1367:
3517:
1915:
1026:
6151:
5900:
5516:
4769:
3667:
3582:
3525:
2995:
2105:
1579:
1295:
5769:
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2053:
1595:
1485:
951:
399:
308:
35:
4777:
3715:
1453:
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4255:
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2724:
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2088:
59:
5532:
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1923:
1662:
1098:
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1638:
1114:
3347:
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5350:
4817:
4809:
4689:
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4159:
3987:
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2604:
2245:
5644:
6375:
5689:
5681:
5612:
5583:
4960:
4537:
4412:
4287:
2716:
2442:
2375:
1979:
1271:
967:
760:
4984:
4729:
3683:
3090:
2740:
1907:
6194:
4944:
4593:
3501:
6143:
5120:
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3910:
3127:
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1162:
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882:
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935:
6022:
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3119:
3082:
2361:
1931:
783:
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1477:
6263:
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3950:
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1875:
1418:
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6178:
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5796:
5136:
4865:
3622:
3159:
2482:
2458:
1130:
1002:
898:
452:
criticize the clinic, but an employee of the clinic could approach the same woman to encourage her to come inside.
380:
6186:
6295:
5804:
5652:
5500:
5484:
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2844:
2628:
1715:
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4132:
3477:
3456:
3074:
2852:
2636:
2596:
2391:
2366:
2322:
2253:
2200:
1763:
1461:
1218:
975:
416:
376:
5358:
3675:
5713:
5673:
4396:
3630:
3355:
3220:
3204:
3167:
3018:
2921:
2527:
2426:
2342:
2301:
2269:
2238:
1755:
1731:
776:
5377:
5979:
5628:
5080:
4053:
3251:
3143:
2556:
2535:
2511:
2317:
1795:
1050:
340:
5409:
6210:
5468:
5283:
5230:
4359:
2572:
2285:
2261:
2044:
1899:
1090:
726:
675:
652:
603:
580:
557:
534:
511:
488:
372:
320:
170:
82:
6271:
6170:
5946:
5524:
4721:
2150:
1646:
1106:
1122:
619:
5032:
4444:
4388:
4271:
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3283:
3267:
3042:
2966:
2684:
2652:
1779:
1703:
1327:
1303:
1042:
813:
415:
Roberts evaluated the law on the basis that it was content-neutral and did not discriminate based on
1082:
1066:
733:
5917:
5888:
5828:
5323:
4825:
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4167:
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1571:
1501:
983:
364:
227:
4633:
6127:
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5128:
5056:
4601:
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3058:
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2166:
1843:
1827:
1819:
1803:
1614:
1587:
1319:
1202:
866:
702:
368:
678:
655:
6335:
5737:
5476:
5112:
4889:
4496:
4323:
4175:
3934:
3899:
3574:
3440:
3387:
3371:
3098:
2820:
2756:
2676:
2519:
2417:
1654:
1279:
1210:
1170:
1034:
842:
834:
129:
6311:
6014:
5393:
5275:
5222:
5171:
5155:
5040:
4928:
4404:
4215:
3855:
3541:
3411:
3299:
3066:
2490:
2129:
2113:
1971:
1851:
1787:
1747:
1622:
1154:
890:
421:
352:
694:
606:
583:
560:
537:
514:
491:
6287:
6030:
5556:
5492:
5454:
5315:
5246:
4905:
4428:
4335:
3958:
3795:
3779:
3755:
3007:
2979:
2937:
2905:
2349:
2293:
2032:
1771:
1723:
1678:
1630:
1445:
1311:
1287:
1250:
441:
437:
433:
243:
219:
215:
768:
6343:
5417:
5401:
4295:
4183:
4060:
2411:
2008:
1537:
Valley Forge
Christian College v. Americans United for Separation of Church & State
1528:
1343:
1147:
Valley Forge Christian College v. Americans United for Separation of Church & State
1018:
742:
429:
231:
207:
71:
55:
6396:
3135:
2329:
2158:
316:
155:
6076:
5291:
5072:
4881:
4738:
Ibanez v. Florida Dept. of Business and Professional Regulation, Bd. of Accountancy
4585:
3970:
3926:
3242:
1891:
1835:
448:
402:
239:
199:
162:
140:
151:. denied, 130 S. Ct. 1881 (2010); statute upheld as to as applied challenge, 759
6367:
5195:
2502:
251:
152:
126:
5664:
5459:
2225:
148:
98:
94:
751:
419:. The Court maintained the intermediate scrutiny standard, as laid out in
110:
2230:
144:
133:
327:
the United States Constitution, as applied to Massachusetts through the
4658:
Pacific Gas & Electric Co. v. Public Utilities Comm'n of California
3591:
Pacific Gas & Electric Co. v. Public Utilities Comm'n of California
462:
List of United States Supreme Court cases involving the First Amendment
4706:
Peel v. Attorney Registration and Disciplinary Commission of Illinois
2122:
Little Sisters of the Poor Saints Peter and Paul Home v. Pennsylvania
4618:
Central Hudson Gas & Electric Corp. v. Public Service Commission
406:
areas historically open for speech and debate". Further, he stated:
363:
The amended Act was challenged by seven individuals who engaged in "
6280:
Eastern Railroad Presidents Conference v. Noerr Motor Freight, Inc.
6136:
Hurley v. Irish-American Gay, Lesbian, and Bisexual Group of Boston
3599:
Hurley v. Irish-American Gay, Lesbian, and Bisexual Group of Boston
4674:
San Francisco Arts & Athletics, Inc. v. U.S. Olympic Committee
4650:
Zauderer v. Off. of Disciplinary Counsel of Supreme Court of Ohio
4554:
Virginia State Pharmacy Bd. v. Virginia Citizens Consumer Council
3494:
Perry Education Association v. Perry Local Educators' Association
2837:
American Booksellers Foundation for Free Expression v. Strickland
4794:
Los Angeles Police Department v. United Reporting Publishing Co.
4461:
Heffron v. International Society for Krishna Consciousness, Inc.
1860:
Heffron v. International Society for Krishna Consciousness, Inc.
159:
137:
6249:
5977:
5886:
5440:
3724:
Board of Regents of the Univ. of Wisconsin System v. Southworth
3607:
Rumsfeld v. Forum for Academic & Institutional Rights, Inc.
2193:
1701:
811:
772:
30:
4842:
Tennessee Secondary School Athletic Assn. v. Brentwood Academy
4352:
U.S. Civil Service Comm'n v. National Ass'n of Letter Carriers
4280:
Tennessee Secondary School Athletic Assn. v. Brentwood Academy
4264:
Brentwood Academy v. Tennessee Secondary School Athletic Assn.
4117:
Tennessee Secondary School Athletic Assn. v. Brentwood Academy
4109:
Brentwood Academy v. Tennessee Secondary School Athletic Assn.
1059:
Levitt v. Committee for Public Education and Religious Liberty
4786:
Greater New Orleans Broadcasting Assn., Inc. v. United States
1812:
Gallagher v. Crown Kosher Super Market of Massachusetts, Inc.
1139:
Committee for Public Education and Religious Liberty v. Regan
6227:
Washington State Grange v. Washington State Republican Party
4522:
Pittsburgh Press Co. v. Pittsburgh Comm'n on Human Relations
3510:
International Society for Krishna Consciousness, Inc. v. Lee
3184:
City of Austin v. Reagan National Advertising of Austin, LLC
6360:
BE and K Construction Co. v. National Labor Relations Board
4858:
Jerman v. Carlisle, McNellie, Rini, Kramer & Ulrich LPA
4666:
Posadas de Puerto Rico Assoc. v. Tourism Co. of Puerto Rico
1510:
Roman Catholic Archdiocese of San Juan v. Acevedo Feliciano
5813:
Denver Area Ed. Telecommunications Consortium, Inc. v. FCC
5097:
Arizona Free Enterprise Club's Freedom Club PAC v. Bennett
3615:
National Institute of Family and Life Advocates v. Becerra
2098:
Gonzales v. O Centro Espírita Beneficente União do Vegetal
1671:
Board of Ed. of Kiryas Joel Village School Dist. v. Grumet
1195:
Board of Ed. of Kiryas Joel Village School Dist. v. Grumet
1179:
Witters v. Washington Department of Services for the Blind
1956:
Masterpiece Cakeshop v. Colorado Civil Rights Commission
1387:
Lamb's Chapel v. Center Moriches Union Free School Dist.
5698:
Greenbelt Cooperative Publishing Ass'n, Inc. v. Bresler
6433:
United States Supreme Court cases of the Roberts Court
5730:
Dun & Bradstreet, Inc. v. Greenmoss Builders, Inc.
4850:
Milavetz, Gallop & Milavetz, P.A. v. United States
4642:
Hoffman Estates v. The Flipside, Hoffman Estates, Inc.
4469:
Hoffman Estates v. The Flipside, Hoffman Estates, Inc.
5017:
FEC v. Colorado Republican Federal Campaign Committee
5001:
Colorado Republican Federal Campaign Committee v. FEC
4898:
Barr v. American Association of Political Consultants
3176:
Barr v. American Association of Political Consultants
1395:
Capitol Square Review & Advisory Board v. Pinette
859:
County of Allegheny v. American Civil Liberties Union
268:
Roberts, joined by Ginsburg, Breyer, Sotomayor, Kagan
6320:
California Motor Transport Co. v. Trucking Unlimited
5722:
Bose Corp. v. Consumers Union of United States, Inc.
3518:
Arkansas Educational Television Commission v. Forbes
2310:
Communist Party v. Subversive Activities Control Bd.
1916:
Frazee v. Illinois Department of Employment Security
6162:
6087:
6068:
6049:
5990:
5928:
5899:
5839:
5780:
5663:
5602:
5567:
5453:
5369:
5342:
5265:
5214:
5147:
4916:
4495:
4370:
4322:
4192:
Mt. Healthy City School Dist. Board of Ed. v. Doyle
4151:
4022:
3969:
3898:
3888:
USAID v. Alliance for Open Society International II
3848:
Regan v. Taxation with Representation of Washington
3837:
3806:
3641:
3540:
3467:
3430:
3239:
3194:
3109:
3006:
2965:
2936:
2887:
2546:
2501:
2410:
2360:
2224:
2213:
2140:
2087:
2080:
2043:
1998:
1606:
1563:
1520:
1437:
1378:
1261:
1027:
Board of Ed. of Central School Dist. No. 1 v. Allen
994:
917:
824:
288:
280:
272:
264:
259:
188:
177:
121:
116:
106:
77:
67:
49:
42:
23:
4248:United States v. National Treasury Employees Union
4041:West Virginia State Board of Education v. Barnette
3919:Walker v. Texas Div., Sons of Confederate Veterans
3880:USAID v. Alliance for Open Society International I
2781:United States v. Playboy Entertainment Group, Inc.
1940:Church of the Lukumi Babalu Aye v. City of Hialeah
1580:Two Guys from Harrison-Allentown, Inc. v. McGinley
425:, for content- and viewpoint-neutral regulations.
323:around facilities where abortions were performed.
6352:Buckley v. American Constitutional Law Foundation
6219:New York State Board of Elections v. Lopez Torres
5180:Brown v. Socialist Workers '74 Campaign Committee
4953:Citizens Against Rent Control v. City of Berkeley
3404:Schenck v. Pro-Choice Network of Western New York
3152:Simon & Schuster, Inc. v. Crime Victims Board
875:McCreary County v. American Civil Liberties Union
4049:Tinker v. Des Moines Ind. Community School Dist.
3823:Minnesota Board for Community Colleges v. Knight
2988:Board of Airport Commissioners v. Jews for Jesus
1494:Serbian Eastern Orthodox Diocese v. Milivojevich
907:American Legion v. American Humanist Association
5999:Joint Anti-Fascist Refugee Committee v. McGrath
5754:Harte-Hanks Communications, Inc. v. Connaughton
5105:American Tradition Partnership, Inc. v. Bullock
4778:Glickman v. Wileman Brothers & Elliot, Inc.
4562:Linmark Assoc., Inc. v. Township of Willingboro
3716:Glickman v. Wileman Brothers & Elliot, Inc.
2070:Our Lady of Guadalupe School v. Morrissey-Berru
1454:Gonzalez v. Roman Catholic Archbishop of Manila
408:
276:Scalia (in judgment), joined by Kennedy, Thomas
5332:National Rifle Association of America v. Vullo
4381:Mutual Film Corp. v. Industrial Comm'n of Ohio
3788:Friedrichs v. California Teachers Association
1187:Zobrest v. Catalina Foothills School District
784:
444:, and the law failed that stricter standard.
8:
6039:Americans for Prosperity Foundation v. Bonta
5955:Americans for Prosperity Foundation v. Bonta
5637:Minneapolis Star Tribune Co. v. Commissioner
5204:Americans for Prosperity Foundation v. Bonta
4208:Smith v. Arkansas State Hwy. Employees Local
3559:West Virginia State Board of Ed. v. Barnette
3364:Clark v. Community for Creative Non-Violence
3051:Clark v. Community for Creative Non-Violence
1924:Swaggart Ministries v. Board of Equalization
1663:Swaggart Ministries v. Board of Equalization
1099:Public Funds for Public Schools v. Marburger
5848:Zacchini v. Scripps-Howard Broadcasting Co.
5239:Manhattan Community Access Corp. v. Halleck
4746:Lebron v. National Railroad Passenger Corp.
4200:Givhan v. Western Line Consol. School Dist.
1964:Roman Catholic Diocese of Brooklyn v. Cuomo
1553:Arizona Christian Sch. Tuition Org. v. Winn
1227:Arizona Christian Sch. Tuition Org. v. Winn
1115:Roemer v. Board of Public Works of Maryland
319:law establishing 35-foot (11 m) fixed
125:Statute upheld as to facial challenge, 573
6413:United States reproductive rights case law
6246:
5987:
5974:
5896:
5883:
5450:
5437:
4570:Carey v. Population Services International
4256:Board of Comm'rs, Wabaunsee Cty. v. Umbehr
4093:Westside Community Board of Ed. v. Mergens
3943:Houston Community College System v. Wilson
3803:
3348:USPS v. Council of Greenburgh Civic Assns.
3236:
2789:City of Los Angeles v. Alameda Books, Inc.
2749:American Booksellers Ass'n, Inc. v. Hudnut
2475:Nat'l Socialist Party v. Village of Skokie
2221:
2210:
2190:
2084:
1995:
1698:
1336:Westside Community Board of Ed. v. Mergens
928:Walz v. Tax Comm'n of the City of New York
851:Board of Trustees of Scarsdale v. McCreary
821:
808:
791:
777:
769:
20:
6418:United States Free Speech Clause case law
6328:Smith v. Arkansas State Highway Employees
5541:Landmark Communications, Inc. v. Virginia
4937:First National Bank of Boston v. Bellotti
4818:Thompson v. Western States Medical Center
4610:Consol. Edison Co. v. Public Serv. Comm'n
3864:National Endowment for the Arts v. Finley
3764:Ysursa v. Pocatello Education Association
3692:Communications Workers of America v. Beck
2701:United States v. 12 200-ft. Reels of Film
2669:United States v. Thirty-seven Photographs
2025:Espinoza v. Montana Department of Revenue
1948:Watchtower Society v. Village of Stratton
1243:Espinoza v. Montana Department of Revenue
1075:Committee for Public Education v. Nyquist
345:Freedom of Access to Clinic Entrances Act
54:Eleanor McCullen, et al., Petitioners v.
5386:Jones v. North Carolina Prisoners' Union
2565:United States v. One Book Called Ulysses
1545:Hein v. Freedom From Religion Foundation
1411:Good News Club v. Milford Central School
695:McCullen v. Coakley - Harvard Law Review
6120:New York Club Ass'n v. City of New York
5821:Turner Broadcasting System, Inc. v. FCC
5089:Nevada Commission on Ethics v. Carrigan
5009:Nixon v. Shrink Missouri Government PAC
4961:FEC v. National Right to Work Committee
4874:Expressions Hair Design v. Schneiderman
4714:City of Cincinnati v. Discovery Network
3748:Davenport v. Washington Education Ass'n
3567:Miami Herald Publishing Co. v. Tornillo
2805:United States v. American Library Ass'n
2765:United States v. X-Citement Video, Inc.
2717:Southeastern Promotions, Ltd. v. Conrad
761:Supreme Court (slip opinion) (archived)
473:
5856:Harper & Row v. Nation Enterprises
5025:Republican Party of Minnesota v. White
4993:Austin v. Michigan Chamber of Commerce
4985:Eu v. S.F. Cty. Democratic Cent. Comm.
4977:FEC v. Massachusetts Citizens for Life
4730:United States v. Edge Broadcasting Co.
4485:Forsyth County v. Nationalist Movement
4085:Hazelwood School District v. Kuhlmeier
4033:Minersville School District v. Gobitis
4012:Communist Party of Indiana v. Whitcomb
3980:American Communications Ass'n v. Douds
3684:Chicago Local Teachers Union v. Hudson
3551:Minersville School District v. Gobitis
2861:Brown v. Entertainment Merchants Ass'n
2741:Vance v. Universal Amusement Co., Inc.
1740:Minersville School District v. Gobitis
1360:Elk Grove Unif. School Dist. v. Newdow
6438:Alliance Defending Freedom litigation
6195:Timmons v. Twin Cities Area New Party
6112:Rotary Int'l v. Rotary Club of Duarte
4945:California Medical Association v. FEC
4594:Ohralik v. Ohio State Bar Association
4232:Rutan v. Republican Party of Illinois
3502:Cornelius v. NAACP Legal Defense Fund
3396:Madsen v. Women's Health Center, Inc.
2733:Young v. American Mini Theatres, Inc.
1884:Bob Jones University v. United States
944:Bob Jones University v. United States
18:2014 United States Supreme Court case
7:
6203:California Democratic Party v. Jones
5645:Arkansas Writers' Project v. Ragland
5065:FEC v. Wisconsin Right to Life, Inc.
5049:Wisconsin Right to Life, Inc. v. FEC
4834:Johanns v. Livestock Marketing Ass'n
4141:Mahanoy Area School District v. B.L.
4069:Island Trees School District v. Pico
3740:Johanns v. Livestock Marketing Ass'n
2869:FCC v. Fox Television Stations, Inc.
1163:School Dist. of Grand Rapids v. Ball
6423:History of Worcester, Massachusetts
6152:Christian Legal Society v. Martinez
5517:New York Times Co. v. United States
4770:44 Liquormart, Inc. v. Rhode Island
4698:State University of New York v. Fox
4682:Shapero v. Kentucky Bar Association
3668:Abood v. Detroit Board of Education
3583:Pruneyard Shopping Center v. Robins
3526:Minnesota Voters Alliance v. Mansky
2996:Minnesota Voters Alliance v. Mansky
2106:Burwell v. Hobby Lobby Stores, Inc.
1296:Abington School District v. Schempp
936:California v. Grace Brethren Church
620:"What is left of Hill v. Colorado?"
5770:Obsidian Finance Group, LLC v. Cox
4802:United States v. United Foods Inc.
4453:Mine Workers v. Illinois Bar Assn.
3815:Steele v. Louisville & N.R. Co
3732:United States v. United Foods Inc.
2947:Holder v. Humanitarian Law Project
2054:NLRB v. Catholic Bishop of Chicago
1596:Estate of Thornton v. Caldor, Inc.
1486:Presbyterian Church v. Hull Church
952:Estate of Thornton v. Caldor, Inc.
706:, 47 Conn. L. Rev. 937 (2015).
36:Supreme Court of the United States
14:
6443:History of women in Massachusetts
6403:United States Supreme Court cases
6304:United Mine Workers v. Pennington
5188:McIntyre v. Ohio Elections Comm'n
4690:Riley v. Nat'l Fed'n of the Blind
4477:Riley v. Nat'l Fed'n of the Blind
4437:Railroad Trainmen v. Virginia Bar
4344:United Public Workers v. Mitchell
4312:Kennedy v. Bremerton School Dist.
3872:Legal Services Corp. v. Velazquez
3700:Keller v. State Bar of California
3340:Org. for a Better Austin v. Keefe
3213:Renton v. Playtime Theatres, Inc.
2914:Ashcroft v. Free Speech Coalition
2725:Erznoznik v. City of Jacksonville
2400:Susan B. Anthony List v. Driehaus
1988:Kennedy v. Bremerton School Dist.
1478:Kreshik v. St. Nicholas Cathedral
1470:Kedroff v. St. Nicholas Cathedral
1427:Kennedy v. Bremerton School Dist.
1368:Kennedy v. Bremerton School Dist.
1352:Santa Fe Ind. School Dist. v. Doe
960:Corp. of Presiding Bishop v. Amos
729:464 (2014) is available from:
60:Attorney General of Massachusetts
6104:Roberts v. United States Jaycees
5789:Red Lion Broadcasting Co. v. FCC
4969:FEC v. National Conservative PAC
4762:Florida Bar v. Went For It, Inc.
4101:Rosenberger v. Univ. of Virginia
4077:Bethel School District v. Fraser
3449:Rosenberger v. Univ. of Virginia
3324:Carroll v. Town of Princess Anne
2017:Trinity Lutheran Church v. Comer
1403:Rosenberger v. Univ. of Virginia
1235:Trinity Lutheran Church v. Comer
165:(1st Cir. 2013); cert. granted,
29:
5762:Milkovich v. Lorain Journal Co.
5351:NAACP v. Claiborne Hardware Co.
5300:Lozman v. City of Riviera Beach
4810:Lorillard Tobacco Co. v. Reilly
4514:Rowan v. U.S. Post Office Dept.
4160:Pickering v. Board of Education
3988:Garner v. Board of Public Works
3708:Lehnert v. Ferris Faculty Ass'n
2877:Free Speech Coalition v. Paxton
2693:Paris Adult Theatre I v. Slaton
2605:MANual Enterprises, Inc. v. Day
2246:Masses Publishing Co. v. Patten
315:challenge to the validity of a
158:(D. Mass. 2010); affirmed, 708
6408:2014 in United States case law
6376:Borough of Duryea v. Guarnieri
5690:Curtis Publishing Co. v. Butts
5682:New York Times Co. v. Sullivan
5613:Grosjean v. American Press Co.
5584:Cox Broadcasting Corp. v. Cohn
5533:Nebraska Press Ass'n v. Stuart
4538:Goldfarb v. Virginia State Bar
4413:Joseph Burstyn, Inc. v. Wilson
4288:Borough of Duryea v. Guarnieri
3652:Ry. Emps. Department v. Hanson
2443:Terminiello v. City of Chicago
2376:New York Times Co. v. Sullivan
2081:Statutory religious exemptions
1980:Fulton v. City of Philadelphia
1272:McCollum v. Board of Education
968:Texas Monthly, Inc. v. Bullock
1:
6428:Planned Parenthood litigation
6179:Democratic Party v. Wisconsin
6144:Boy Scouts of America v. Dale
6096:Hishon v. King & Spalding
5121:Williams-Yulee v. Florida Bar
4626:Metromedia, Inc. v. San Diego
4578:Bates v. State Bar of Arizona
4421:Kingsley Books, Inc. v. Brown
4304:Heffernan v. City of Paterson
4004:Keyishian v. Board of Regents
3911:Pleasant Grove City v. Summum
3128:Metromedia, Inc. v. San Diego
2955:Williams-Yulee v. Florida Bar
1639:Larkin v. Grendel's Den, Inc.
1131:New York v. Cathedral Academy
1011:Everson v. Board of Education
1003:Cochran v. Board of Education
883:Pleasant Grove City v. Summum
800:United States First Amendment
6187:Tashjian v. Republican Party
6023:Bates v. City of Little Rock
5929:Protection from prosecution
5509:Lamont v. Postmaster General
5164:Bates v. City of Little Rock
3332:Coates v. City of Cincinnati
3229:Packingham v. North Carolina
3120:Lamont v. Postmaster General
1932:Employment Division v. Smith
307:, 573 U.S. 464 (2014), is a
6264:United States v. Cruikshank
5910:United States v. Cruikshank
5805:FCC v. WNCN Listeners Guild
5746:Hustler Magazine v. Falwell
5706:Gertz v. Robert Welch, Inc.
3951:Shurtleff v. City of Boston
3380:Ward v. Rock Against Racism
3276:Martin v. City of Struthers
3091:City of Erie v. Pap's A. M.
2621:Quantity of Books v. Kansas
2435:Chaplinsky v. New Hampshire
2384:Hustler Magazine v. Falwell
1908:O'Lone v. Estate of Shabazz
1419:Shurtleff v. City of Boston
309:United States Supreme Court
6459:
5797:FCC v. Pacifica Foundation
5137:FEC v. Ted Cruz for Senate
4866:Sorrell v. IMS Health Inc.
4754:Rubin v. Coors Brewing Co.
3623:303 Creative LLC v. Elenis
3160:R.A.V. v. City of St. Paul
2483:R.A.V. v. City of St. Paul
2459:Gregory v. City of Chicago
899:Town of Greece v. Galloway
752:Oyez (oral argument audio)
381:Springfield, Massachusetts
6296:Edwards v. South Carolina
6258:
6245:
5986:
5973:
5895:
5882:
5653:Cohen v. Cowles Media Co.
5501:Hannegan v. Esquire, Inc.
5485:Lovell v. City of Griffin
5449:
5436:
3292:Edwards v. South Carolina
2845:United States v. Kilbride
2829:United States v. Williams
2629:Ginzburg v. United States
2209:
2189:
1716:Reynolds v. United States
1710:
1697:
820:
807:
293:
193:
182:
28:
6007:Watkins v. United States
5592:Florida Star v. B. J. F.
4530:Lehman v. Shaker Heights
4506:Valentine v. Chrestensen
4133:Uzuegbunam v. Preczewski
3807:Compelled representation
3772:Knox v. SEIU, Local 1000
3478:Lehman v. Shaker Heights
3457:Uzuegbunam v. Preczewski
3075:United States v. Eichman
3027:United States v. O'Brien
2853:United States v. Stevens
2637:Memoirs v. Massachusetts
2597:Marcus v. Search Warrant
2392:United States v. Alvarez
2323:clear and present danger
2254:Schenck v. United States
1764:United States v. Ballard
1462:United States v. Ballard
1379:Private religious speech
1219:Zelman v. Simmons-Harris
976:City of Boerne v. Flores
701:
6163:Primaries and elections
5714:Time, Inc. v. Firestone
5674:Beauharnais v. Illinois
5359:FTC v. Superior Ct. TLA
4397:Murdock v. Pennsylvania
3676:Ellis v. Railway Clerks
3631:Moody v. NetChoice, LLC
3221:City of Ladue v. Gilleo
3205:Schneider v. New Jersey
3168:Reed v. Town of Gilbert
3019:Stromberg v. California
2922:United States v. Hansen
2528:Elonis v. United States
2427:Cantwell v. Connecticut
2343:imminent lawless action
2302:Dennis v. United States
2270:Abrams v. United States
2239:Alien and Sedition Acts
1756:Murdock v. Pennsylvania
1732:Cantwell v. Connecticut
1438:Internal church affairs
43:Argued January 15, 2014
6088:Membership restriction
5980:Freedom of association
5931:and state restrictions
5629:Houchins v. KQED, Inc.
5081:Citizens United v. FEC
4054:substantial disruption
3356:United States v. Grace
3252:Davis v. Massachusetts
3083:Barnes v. Glen Theatre
2557:Rosen v. United States
2536:Counterman v. Colorado
2512:Watts v. United States
2318:Yates v. United States
1868:Thomas v. Review Board
1796:Fowler v. Rhode Island
700:Zachary J. Phillipps,
413:
341:United States Congress
5840:Copyrighted materials
5469:Patterson v. Colorado
5378:Procunier v. Martinez
5231:Lloyd Corp. v. Tanner
4373:restriction of speech
4360:Broadrick v. Oklahoma
2573:Roth v. United States
2286:Whitney v. California
2262:Debs v. United States
2062:Hosanna-Tabor v. EEOC
2045:Ministerial exception
1999:Exclusion of religion
1900:Goldman v. Weinberger
136:2008); affirmed, 571
93:134 S. Ct. 2518; 189
45:Decided June 26, 2014
5443:Freedom of the press
5267:Official retaliation
4921:and political speech
4445:Freedman v. Maryland
4389:Cox v. New Hampshire
4272:Garcetti v. Ceballos
3660:Machinists v. Street
3284:Niemotko v. Maryland
3268:Thornhill v. Alabama
3144:Butterworth v. Smith
3043:Spence v. Washington
2685:Miller v. California
2653:Ginsberg v. New York
2001:from public benefits
1876:United States v. Lee
1780:Niemotko v. Maryland
1704:Free Exercise Clause
1328:Edwards v. Aguillard
1304:Epperson v. Arkansas
1051:Lemon v. Kurtzman II
1043:Tilton v. Richardson
814:Establishment Clause
432:(with whom Justices
395:Opinion of the Court
329:Fourteenth Amendment
295:U.S. Const. amend. I
6252:Freedom to petition
5918:Presser v. Illinois
5889:Freedom of assembly
5829:Bartnicki v. Vopper
5410:Overton v. Bazzetta
5324:Gonzalez v. Trevino
4826:Nike, Inc. v. Kasky
4546:Bigelow v. Virginia
4240:Waters v. Churchill
4224:Rankin v. McPherson
4168:Perry v. Sindermann
3420:McCullen v. Coakley
3316:Adderley v. Florida
3035:Cohen v. California
2890:to criminal conduct
2813:Ashcroft v. ACLU II
2589:Smith v. California
2581:One, Inc. v. Olesen
2467:Cohen v. California
2338:Brandenburg v. Ohio
1572:McGowan v. Maryland
984:Cutter v. Wilkinson
918:Statutory religious
719:McCullen v. Coakley
668:McCullen v. Coakley
645:McCullen v. Coakley
596:McCullen v. Coakley
573:McCullen v. Coakley
550:McCullen v. Coakley
527:McCullen v. Coakley
504:McCullen v. Coakley
481:McCullen v. Coakley
365:sidewalk counseling
304:McCullen v. Coakley
284:Alito (in judgment)
228:Ruth Bader Ginsburg
24:McCullen v. Coakley
6211:Clingman v. Beaver
6128:Dallas v. Stanglin
6058:Baggett v. Bullitt
5939:De Jonge v. Oregon
5864:Eldred v. Ashcroft
5621:Branzburg v. Hayes
5576:Time, Inc. v. Hill
5308:Nieves v. Bartlett
5284:Reichle v. Howards
5255:Murthy v. Missouri
5129:Thompson v. Hebdon
5057:Randall v. Sorrell
4602:Friedman v. Rogers
4125:Morse v. Frederick
3996:Speiser v. Randall
3308:Brown v. Louisiana
3059:Dallas v. Stanglin
2898:New York v. Ferber
2797:Ashcroft v. ACLU I
2709:Jenkins v. Georgia
2661:Stanley v. Georgia
2645:Redrup v. New York
2613:Jacobellis v. Ohio
2451:Feiner v. New York
2278:Gitlow v. New York
2167:Ramirez v. Collier
1844:Wisconsin v. Yoder
1828:Sherbert v. Verner
1820:Torcaso v. Watkins
1804:Braunfeld v. Brown
1615:Torcaso v. Watkins
1588:Braunfeld v. Brown
1320:Wallace v. Jaffree
1203:Agostini v. Felton
1091:Wheeler v. Barrera
867:Van Orden v. Perry
369:Planned Parenthood
204:Associate Justices
6390:
6389:
6386:
6385:
6336:McDonald v. Smith
6272:Thomas v. Collins
6241:
6240:
6237:
6236:
6171:Cousins v. Wigoda
5969:
5968:
5965:
5964:
5947:Thomas v. Collins
5878:
5877:
5874:
5873:
5738:McDonald v. Smith
5525:Pell v. Procunier
5477:Near v. Minnesota
5432:
5431:
5428:
5427:
5113:McCutcheon v. FEC
4890:Iancu v. Brunetti
4722:Edenfield v. Fane
4497:Commercial speech
4176:Arnett v. Kennedy
3935:Iancu v. Brunetti
3838:Government grants
3833:
3832:
3644:of others' speech
3642:Compelled subsidy
3575:Wooley v. Maynard
3536:
3535:
3441:Widmar v. Vincent
3388:Burson v. Freeman
3372:Frisby v. Schultz
3099:Virginia v. Black
2932:
2931:
2821:Nitke v. Gonzales
2757:People v. Freeman
2677:Kois v. Wisconsin
2520:Virginia v. Black
2196:Freedom of speech
2185:
2184:
2181:
2180:
2177:
2176:
2151:Sossamon v. Texas
1693:
1692:
1689:
1688:
1655:Bowen v. Kendrick
1647:Larson v. Valente
1521:Taxpayer standing
1280:Zorach v. Clauson
1211:Mitchell v. Helms
1171:Aguilar v. Felton
1107:Meek v. Pittenger
1035:Lemon v. Kurtzman
843:Lynch v. Donnelly
835:Marsh v. Chambers
311:case involving a
300:
299:
6450:
6312:Cox v. Louisiana
6247:
6015:NAACP v. Alabama
5988:
5975:
5897:
5884:
5455:Prior restraints
5451:
5438:
5394:Turner v. Safley
5276:Hartman v. Moore
5223:Marsh v. Alabama
5172:Buckley v. Valeo
5156:NAACP v. Alabama
5148:Anonymous speech
5041:McConnell v. FEC
4929:Buckley v. Valeo
4918:Campaign finance
4405:Kunz v. New York
4216:Connick v. Myers
4152:Public employees
3856:Rust v. Sullivan
3804:
3542:Compelled speech
3412:Hill v. Colorado
3300:Cox v. Louisiana
3237:
3067:Texas v. Johnson
2491:Snyder v. Phelps
2222:
2211:
2204:
2191:
2130:Tanzin v. Tanvir
2114:Zubik v. Burwell
2085:
1996:
1972:Tandon v. Newsom
1852:McDaniel v. Paty
1788:Kunz v. New York
1748:Jamison v. Texas
1699:
1623:McDaniel v. Paty
1155:Mueller v. Allen
1123:Wolman v. Walter
891:Salazar v. Buono
822:
809:
793:
786:
779:
770:
765:
759:
756:
750:
747:
741:
738:
732:
707:
705:
682:
665:
659:
642:
636:
635:
633:
631:
616:
610:
593:
587:
570:
564:
547:
541:
524:
518:
501:
495:
478:
422:Hill v. Colorado
353:Hill v. Colorado
189:Court membership
33:
32:
21:
6458:
6457:
6453:
6452:
6451:
6449:
6448:
6447:
6393:
6392:
6391:
6382:
6288:NAACP v. Button
6254:
6233:
6158:
6083:
6064:
6045:
6031:NAACP v. Button
5982:
5961:
5930:
5924:
5891:
5870:
5835:
5781:Broadcast media
5776:
5773:(9th Cir. 2014)
5659:
5604:
5598:
5563:
5557:Tory v. Cochran
5493:Tucker v. Texas
5457:
5445:
5424:
5365:
5338:
5316:Egbert v. Boule
5261:
5247:Lindke v. Freed
5210:
5143:
5033:FEC v. Beaumont
4920:
4912:
4906:Vidal v. Elster
4491:
4429:NAACP v. Button
4372:
4366:
4336:Ex parte Curtis
4327:
4318:
4147:
4018:
3965:
3959:Vidal v. Elster
3901:
3894:
3839:
3829:
3802:
3796:Janus v. AFSCME
3780:Harris v. Quinn
3756:Locke v. Karass
3643:
3637:
3532:
3486:Brown v. Glines
3469:
3463:
3432:
3426:
3241:
3235:
3196:
3195:Content-neutral
3190:
3111:
3105:
3010:
3008:Symbolic speech
3002:
2980:Smith v. Goguen
2969:
2961:
2938:Strict scrutiny
2928:
2906:Osborne v. Ohio
2889:
2888:Speech integral
2883:
2848:(9th Cir. 2009)
2840:(6th Cir. 2009)
2824:(S.D.N.Y. 2005)
2752:(7th Cir. 1985)
2568:(S.D.N.Y. 1933)
2542:
2497:
2415:
2406:
2365:
2356:
2350:Hess v. Indiana
2294:Fiske v. Kansas
2249:(S.D.N.Y. 1917)
2228:
2216:
2205:
2198:
2173:
2136:
2076:
2039:
2033:Carson v. Makin
2000:
1994:
1772:Tucker v. Texas
1724:Davis v. Beason
1706:
1685:
1679:Trump v. Hawaii
1631:Harris v. McRae
1602:
1559:
1516:
1446:Watson v. Jones
1433:
1374:
1312:Stone v. Graham
1288:Engel v. Vitale
1263:
1257:
1251:Carson v. Makin
990:
919:
913:
826:
825:Public displays
816:
803:
797:
763:
757:
754:
748:
745:
739:
736:
730:
714:
699:
691:
689:Further reading
686:
685:
666:
662:
643:
639:
629:
627:
626:. June 26, 2014
618:
617:
613:
594:
590:
571:
567:
548:
544:
525:
521:
502:
498:
479:
475:
470:
458:
442:strict scrutiny
438:Clarence Thomas
434:Anthony Kennedy
397:
337:
313:First Amendment
244:Sonia Sotomayor
242:
230:
220:Clarence Thomas
218:
216:Anthony Kennedy
173:916 (2013).
102:
44:
38:
19:
12:
11:
5:
6456:
6454:
6446:
6445:
6440:
6435:
6430:
6425:
6420:
6415:
6410:
6405:
6395:
6394:
6388:
6387:
6384:
6383:
6381:
6380:
6372:
6364:
6356:
6348:
6344:Meyer v. Grant
6340:
6332:
6324:
6316:
6308:
6300:
6292:
6284:
6276:
6268:
6259:
6256:
6255:
6250:
6243:
6242:
6239:
6238:
6235:
6234:
6232:
6231:
6223:
6215:
6207:
6199:
6191:
6183:
6175:
6166:
6164:
6160:
6159:
6157:
6156:
6148:
6140:
6132:
6124:
6116:
6108:
6100:
6091:
6089:
6085:
6084:
6082:
6081:
6072:
6070:
6066:
6065:
6063:
6062:
6053:
6051:
6050:Future Conduct
6047:
6046:
6044:
6043:
6035:
6027:
6019:
6011:
6003:
5994:
5992:
5984:
5983:
5978:
5971:
5970:
5967:
5966:
5963:
5962:
5960:
5959:
5951:
5943:
5934:
5932:
5926:
5925:
5923:
5922:
5914:
5905:
5903:
5893:
5892:
5887:
5880:
5879:
5876:
5875:
5872:
5871:
5869:
5868:
5860:
5852:
5843:
5841:
5837:
5836:
5834:
5833:
5825:
5817:
5809:
5801:
5793:
5784:
5782:
5778:
5777:
5775:
5774:
5766:
5758:
5750:
5742:
5734:
5726:
5718:
5710:
5702:
5694:
5686:
5678:
5669:
5667:
5661:
5660:
5658:
5657:
5649:
5641:
5633:
5625:
5617:
5608:
5606:
5600:
5599:
5597:
5596:
5588:
5580:
5571:
5569:
5565:
5564:
5562:
5561:
5553:
5545:
5537:
5529:
5521:
5513:
5505:
5497:
5489:
5481:
5473:
5464:
5462:
5447:
5446:
5441:
5434:
5433:
5430:
5429:
5426:
5425:
5423:
5422:
5418:Beard v. Banks
5414:
5406:
5402:Shaw v. Murphy
5398:
5390:
5382:
5373:
5371:
5367:
5366:
5364:
5363:
5355:
5346:
5344:
5340:
5339:
5337:
5336:
5328:
5320:
5312:
5304:
5296:
5288:
5280:
5271:
5269:
5263:
5262:
5260:
5259:
5251:
5243:
5235:
5227:
5218:
5216:
5212:
5211:
5209:
5208:
5200:
5192:
5184:
5176:
5168:
5160:
5151:
5149:
5145:
5144:
5142:
5141:
5133:
5125:
5117:
5109:
5101:
5093:
5085:
5077:
5069:
5061:
5053:
5045:
5037:
5029:
5021:
5013:
5005:
4997:
4989:
4981:
4973:
4965:
4957:
4949:
4941:
4933:
4924:
4922:
4914:
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4911:
4910:
4902:
4894:
4886:
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4822:
4814:
4806:
4798:
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4742:
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4726:
4718:
4710:
4702:
4694:
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4670:
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4638:
4630:
4622:
4614:
4606:
4598:
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4582:
4574:
4566:
4558:
4550:
4542:
4534:
4526:
4518:
4510:
4501:
4499:
4493:
4492:
4490:
4489:
4481:
4473:
4465:
4457:
4449:
4441:
4433:
4425:
4417:
4409:
4401:
4393:
4385:
4376:
4374:
4368:
4367:
4365:
4364:
4356:
4348:
4340:
4331:
4329:
4320:
4319:
4317:
4316:
4308:
4300:
4296:Lane v. Franks
4292:
4284:
4276:
4268:
4260:
4252:
4244:
4236:
4228:
4220:
4212:
4204:
4196:
4188:
4184:Elrod v. Burns
4180:
4172:
4164:
4155:
4153:
4149:
4148:
4146:
4145:
4137:
4129:
4121:
4113:
4105:
4097:
4089:
4081:
4073:
4065:
4061:Healy v. James
4057:
4045:
4037:
4028:
4026:
4020:
4019:
4017:
4016:
4008:
4000:
3992:
3984:
3975:
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3810:
3808:
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3792:
3784:
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3704:
3696:
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3672:
3664:
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3647:
3645:
3639:
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3635:
3627:
3619:
3611:
3603:
3595:
3587:
3579:
3571:
3563:
3555:
3546:
3544:
3538:
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3534:
3533:
3531:
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3522:
3514:
3506:
3498:
3490:
3482:
3473:
3471:
3465:
3464:
3462:
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3453:
3445:
3436:
3434:
3428:
3427:
3425:
3424:
3416:
3408:
3400:
3392:
3384:
3376:
3368:
3360:
3352:
3344:
3336:
3328:
3320:
3312:
3304:
3296:
3288:
3280:
3272:
3264:
3256:
3247:
3245:
3234:
3233:
3225:
3217:
3209:
3200:
3198:
3192:
3191:
3189:
3188:
3180:
3172:
3164:
3156:
3148:
3140:
3132:
3124:
3115:
3113:
3107:
3106:
3104:
3103:
3095:
3087:
3079:
3071:
3063:
3055:
3047:
3039:
3031:
3023:
3014:
3012:
3011:versus conduct
3004:
3003:
3001:
3000:
2992:
2984:
2975:
2973:
2963:
2962:
2960:
2959:
2951:
2942:
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2893:
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2873:
2865:
2857:
2849:
2841:
2833:
2825:
2817:
2809:
2801:
2793:
2785:
2777:
2769:
2761:
2753:
2745:
2737:
2729:
2721:
2713:
2705:
2697:
2689:
2681:
2673:
2665:
2657:
2649:
2641:
2633:
2625:
2617:
2609:
2601:
2593:
2585:
2577:
2569:
2561:
2552:
2550:
2544:
2543:
2541:
2540:
2532:
2524:
2516:
2507:
2505:
2499:
2498:
2496:
2495:
2487:
2479:
2471:
2463:
2455:
2447:
2439:
2431:
2422:
2420:
2418:heckler's veto
2412:Fighting words
2408:
2407:
2405:
2404:
2396:
2388:
2380:
2371:
2369:
2358:
2357:
2355:
2354:
2346:
2334:
2326:
2314:
2306:
2298:
2290:
2282:
2274:
2266:
2258:
2250:
2242:
2235:
2233:
2219:
2207:
2206:
2194:
2187:
2186:
2183:
2182:
2179:
2178:
2175:
2174:
2172:
2171:
2163:
2155:
2146:
2144:
2138:
2137:
2135:
2134:
2126:
2118:
2110:
2102:
2093:
2091:
2082:
2078:
2077:
2075:
2074:
2066:
2058:
2049:
2047:
2041:
2040:
2038:
2037:
2029:
2021:
2013:
2009:Locke v. Davey
2004:
2002:
1993:
1992:
1984:
1976:
1968:
1960:
1952:
1944:
1936:
1928:
1920:
1912:
1904:
1896:
1888:
1880:
1872:
1864:
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1848:
1840:
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1792:
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1776:
1768:
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1752:
1744:
1736:
1728:
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1711:
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1707:
1702:
1695:
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1687:
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1675:
1667:
1659:
1651:
1643:
1635:
1627:
1619:
1610:
1608:
1604:
1603:
1601:
1600:
1592:
1584:
1576:
1567:
1565:
1561:
1560:
1558:
1557:
1549:
1541:
1533:
1529:Flast v. Cohen
1524:
1522:
1518:
1517:
1515:
1514:
1506:
1498:
1490:
1482:
1474:
1466:
1458:
1450:
1441:
1439:
1435:
1434:
1432:
1431:
1423:
1415:
1407:
1399:
1391:
1382:
1380:
1376:
1375:
1373:
1372:
1364:
1356:
1348:
1344:Lee v. Weisman
1340:
1332:
1324:
1316:
1308:
1300:
1292:
1284:
1276:
1267:
1265:
1264:public schools
1259:
1258:
1256:
1255:
1247:
1239:
1231:
1223:
1215:
1207:
1199:
1191:
1183:
1175:
1167:
1159:
1151:
1143:
1135:
1127:
1119:
1111:
1103:
1095:
1087:
1083:Sloan v. Lemon
1079:
1071:
1067:Hunt v. McNair
1063:
1055:
1047:
1039:
1031:
1023:
1019:Flast v. Cohen
1015:
1007:
998:
996:
995:Public funding
992:
991:
989:
988:
980:
972:
964:
956:
948:
940:
932:
923:
921:
915:
914:
912:
911:
903:
895:
887:
879:
871:
863:
855:
847:
839:
830:
828:
827:and ceremonies
818:
817:
812:
805:
804:
798:
796:
795:
788:
781:
773:
767:
766:
713:
712:External links
710:
709:
708:
697:
690:
687:
684:
683:
660:
637:
611:
588:
565:
542:
519:
496:
472:
471:
469:
466:
465:
464:
457:
454:
430:Antonin Scalia
396:
393:
336:
333:
298:
297:
291:
290:
286:
285:
282:
278:
277:
274:
270:
269:
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262:
261:
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256:
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254:
232:Stephen Breyer
208:Antonin Scalia
205:
202:
197:
191:
190:
186:
185:
180:
179:
175:
174:
123:
119:
118:
114:
113:
108:
104:
103:
92:
79:
75:
74:
69:
65:
64:
56:Martha Coakley
51:
50:Full case name
47:
46:
40:
39:
34:
26:
25:
17:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6455:
6444:
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6439:
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6257:
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6229:
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6224:
6221:
6220:
6216:
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6101:
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6090:
6086:
6079:
6078:
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6071:
6067:
6060:
6059:
6055:
6054:
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6048:
6041:
6040:
6036:
6033:
6032:
6028:
6025:
6024:
6020:
6017:
6016:
6012:
6009:
6008:
6004:
6001:
6000:
5996:
5995:
5993:
5991:Organizations
5989:
5985:
5981:
5976:
5972:
5957:
5956:
5952:
5949:
5948:
5944:
5941:
5940:
5936:
5935:
5933:
5927:
5920:
5919:
5915:
5912:
5911:
5907:
5906:
5904:
5902:
5901:Incorporation
5898:
5894:
5890:
5885:
5881:
5866:
5865:
5861:
5858:
5857:
5853:
5850:
5849:
5845:
5844:
5842:
5838:
5831:
5830:
5826:
5823:
5822:
5818:
5815:
5814:
5810:
5807:
5806:
5802:
5799:
5798:
5794:
5791:
5790:
5786:
5785:
5783:
5779:
5772:
5771:
5767:
5764:
5763:
5759:
5756:
5755:
5751:
5748:
5747:
5743:
5740:
5739:
5735:
5732:
5731:
5727:
5724:
5723:
5719:
5716:
5715:
5711:
5708:
5707:
5703:
5700:
5699:
5695:
5692:
5691:
5687:
5684:
5683:
5679:
5676:
5675:
5671:
5670:
5668:
5666:
5662:
5655:
5654:
5650:
5647:
5646:
5642:
5639:
5638:
5634:
5631:
5630:
5626:
5623:
5622:
5618:
5615:
5614:
5610:
5609:
5607:
5601:
5594:
5593:
5589:
5586:
5585:
5581:
5578:
5577:
5573:
5572:
5570:
5566:
5559:
5558:
5554:
5551:
5550:
5546:
5543:
5542:
5538:
5535:
5534:
5530:
5527:
5526:
5522:
5519:
5518:
5514:
5511:
5510:
5506:
5503:
5502:
5498:
5495:
5494:
5490:
5487:
5486:
5482:
5479:
5478:
5474:
5471:
5470:
5466:
5465:
5463:
5461:
5456:
5452:
5448:
5444:
5439:
5435:
5420:
5419:
5415:
5412:
5411:
5407:
5404:
5403:
5399:
5396:
5395:
5391:
5388:
5387:
5383:
5380:
5379:
5375:
5374:
5372:
5368:
5361:
5360:
5356:
5353:
5352:
5348:
5347:
5345:
5341:
5334:
5333:
5329:
5326:
5325:
5321:
5318:
5317:
5313:
5310:
5309:
5305:
5302:
5301:
5297:
5294:
5293:
5289:
5286:
5285:
5281:
5278:
5277:
5273:
5272:
5270:
5268:
5264:
5257:
5256:
5252:
5249:
5248:
5244:
5241:
5240:
5236:
5233:
5232:
5228:
5225:
5224:
5220:
5219:
5217:
5213:
5206:
5205:
5201:
5198:
5197:
5193:
5190:
5189:
5185:
5182:
5181:
5177:
5174:
5173:
5169:
5166:
5165:
5161:
5158:
5157:
5153:
5152:
5150:
5146:
5139:
5138:
5134:
5131:
5130:
5126:
5123:
5122:
5118:
5115:
5114:
5110:
5107:
5106:
5102:
5099:
5098:
5094:
5091:
5090:
5086:
5083:
5082:
5078:
5075:
5074:
5070:
5067:
5066:
5062:
5059:
5058:
5054:
5051:
5050:
5046:
5043:
5042:
5038:
5035:
5034:
5030:
5027:
5026:
5022:
5019:
5018:
5014:
5011:
5010:
5006:
5003:
5002:
4998:
4995:
4994:
4990:
4987:
4986:
4982:
4979:
4978:
4974:
4971:
4970:
4966:
4963:
4962:
4958:
4955:
4954:
4950:
4947:
4946:
4942:
4939:
4938:
4934:
4931:
4930:
4926:
4925:
4923:
4919:
4915:
4908:
4907:
4903:
4900:
4899:
4895:
4892:
4891:
4887:
4884:
4883:
4879:
4876:
4875:
4871:
4868:
4867:
4863:
4860:
4859:
4855:
4852:
4851:
4847:
4844:
4843:
4839:
4836:
4835:
4831:
4828:
4827:
4823:
4820:
4819:
4815:
4812:
4811:
4807:
4804:
4803:
4799:
4796:
4795:
4791:
4788:
4787:
4783:
4780:
4779:
4775:
4772:
4771:
4767:
4764:
4763:
4759:
4756:
4755:
4751:
4748:
4747:
4743:
4740:
4739:
4735:
4732:
4731:
4727:
4724:
4723:
4719:
4716:
4715:
4711:
4708:
4707:
4703:
4700:
4699:
4695:
4692:
4691:
4687:
4684:
4683:
4679:
4676:
4675:
4671:
4668:
4667:
4663:
4660:
4659:
4655:
4652:
4651:
4647:
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4535:
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4531:
4527:
4524:
4523:
4519:
4516:
4515:
4511:
4508:
4507:
4503:
4502:
4500:
4498:
4494:
4487:
4486:
4482:
4479:
4478:
4474:
4471:
4470:
4466:
4463:
4462:
4458:
4455:
4454:
4450:
4447:
4446:
4442:
4439:
4438:
4434:
4431:
4430:
4426:
4423:
4422:
4418:
4415:
4414:
4410:
4407:
4406:
4402:
4399:
4398:
4394:
4391:
4390:
4386:
4383:
4382:
4378:
4377:
4375:
4371:Licensing and
4369:
4362:
4361:
4357:
4354:
4353:
4349:
4346:
4345:
4341:
4338:
4337:
4333:
4332:
4330:
4325:
4321:
4314:
4313:
4309:
4306:
4305:
4301:
4298:
4297:
4293:
4290:
4289:
4285:
4282:
4281:
4277:
4274:
4273:
4269:
4266:
4265:
4261:
4258:
4257:
4253:
4250:
4249:
4245:
4242:
4241:
4237:
4234:
4233:
4229:
4226:
4225:
4221:
4218:
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4213:
4210:
4209:
4205:
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4201:
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4189:
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4178:
4177:
4173:
4170:
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4165:
4162:
4161:
4157:
4156:
4154:
4150:
4143:
4142:
4138:
4135:
4134:
4130:
4127:
4126:
4122:
4119:
4118:
4114:
4111:
4110:
4106:
4103:
4102:
4098:
4095:
4094:
4090:
4087:
4086:
4082:
4079:
4078:
4074:
4071:
4070:
4066:
4063:
4062:
4058:
4055:
4051:
4050:
4046:
4043:
4042:
4038:
4035:
4034:
4030:
4029:
4027:
4025:
4024:School speech
4021:
4014:
4013:
4009:
4006:
4005:
4001:
3998:
3997:
3993:
3990:
3989:
3985:
3982:
3981:
3977:
3976:
3974:
3972:
3971:Loyalty oaths
3968:
3961:
3960:
3956:
3953:
3952:
3948:
3945:
3944:
3940:
3937:
3936:
3932:
3929:
3928:
3924:
3921:
3920:
3916:
3913:
3912:
3908:
3907:
3905:
3903:
3897:
3890:
3889:
3885:
3882:
3881:
3877:
3874:
3873:
3869:
3866:
3865:
3861:
3858:
3857:
3853:
3850:
3849:
3845:
3844:
3842:
3840:and subsidies
3836:
3825:
3824:
3820:
3817:
3816:
3812:
3811:
3809:
3805:
3798:
3797:
3793:
3790:
3789:
3785:
3782:
3781:
3777:
3774:
3773:
3769:
3766:
3765:
3761:
3758:
3757:
3753:
3750:
3749:
3745:
3742:
3741:
3737:
3734:
3733:
3729:
3726:
3725:
3721:
3718:
3717:
3713:
3710:
3709:
3705:
3702:
3701:
3697:
3694:
3693:
3689:
3686:
3685:
3681:
3678:
3677:
3673:
3670:
3669:
3665:
3662:
3661:
3657:
3654:
3653:
3649:
3648:
3646:
3640:
3633:
3632:
3628:
3625:
3624:
3620:
3617:
3616:
3612:
3609:
3608:
3604:
3601:
3600:
3596:
3593:
3592:
3588:
3585:
3584:
3580:
3577:
3576:
3572:
3569:
3568:
3564:
3561:
3560:
3556:
3553:
3552:
3548:
3547:
3545:
3543:
3539:
3528:
3527:
3523:
3520:
3519:
3515:
3512:
3511:
3507:
3504:
3503:
3499:
3496:
3495:
3491:
3488:
3487:
3483:
3480:
3479:
3475:
3474:
3472:
3466:
3459:
3458:
3454:
3451:
3450:
3446:
3443:
3442:
3438:
3437:
3435:
3429:
3422:
3421:
3417:
3414:
3413:
3409:
3406:
3405:
3401:
3398:
3397:
3393:
3390:
3389:
3385:
3382:
3381:
3377:
3374:
3373:
3369:
3366:
3365:
3361:
3358:
3357:
3353:
3350:
3349:
3345:
3342:
3341:
3337:
3334:
3333:
3329:
3326:
3325:
3321:
3318:
3317:
3313:
3310:
3309:
3305:
3302:
3301:
3297:
3294:
3293:
3289:
3286:
3285:
3281:
3278:
3277:
3273:
3270:
3269:
3265:
3262:
3261:
3257:
3254:
3253:
3249:
3248:
3246:
3244:
3238:
3231:
3230:
3226:
3223:
3222:
3218:
3215:
3214:
3210:
3207:
3206:
3202:
3201:
3199:
3193:
3186:
3185:
3181:
3178:
3177:
3173:
3170:
3169:
3165:
3162:
3161:
3157:
3154:
3153:
3149:
3146:
3145:
3141:
3138:
3137:
3136:Boos v. Barry
3133:
3130:
3129:
3125:
3122:
3121:
3117:
3116:
3114:
3110:Content-based
3108:
3101:
3100:
3096:
3093:
3092:
3088:
3085:
3084:
3080:
3077:
3076:
3072:
3069:
3068:
3064:
3061:
3060:
3056:
3053:
3052:
3048:
3045:
3044:
3040:
3037:
3036:
3032:
3029:
3028:
3024:
3021:
3020:
3016:
3015:
3013:
3009:
3005:
2998:
2997:
2993:
2990:
2989:
2985:
2982:
2981:
2977:
2976:
2974:
2972:
2968:
2964:
2957:
2956:
2952:
2949:
2948:
2944:
2943:
2941:
2939:
2935:
2924:
2923:
2919:
2916:
2915:
2911:
2908:
2907:
2903:
2900:
2899:
2895:
2894:
2892:
2886:
2879:
2878:
2874:
2871:
2870:
2866:
2863:
2862:
2858:
2855:
2854:
2850:
2847:
2846:
2842:
2839:
2838:
2834:
2831:
2830:
2826:
2823:
2822:
2818:
2815:
2814:
2810:
2807:
2806:
2802:
2799:
2798:
2794:
2791:
2790:
2786:
2783:
2782:
2778:
2775:
2774:
2770:
2767:
2766:
2762:
2759:
2758:
2754:
2751:
2750:
2746:
2743:
2742:
2738:
2735:
2734:
2730:
2727:
2726:
2722:
2719:
2718:
2714:
2711:
2710:
2706:
2703:
2702:
2698:
2695:
2694:
2690:
2687:
2686:
2682:
2679:
2678:
2674:
2671:
2670:
2666:
2663:
2662:
2658:
2655:
2654:
2650:
2647:
2646:
2642:
2639:
2638:
2634:
2631:
2630:
2626:
2623:
2622:
2618:
2615:
2614:
2610:
2607:
2606:
2602:
2599:
2598:
2594:
2591:
2590:
2586:
2583:
2582:
2578:
2575:
2574:
2570:
2567:
2566:
2562:
2559:
2558:
2554:
2553:
2551:
2549:
2545:
2538:
2537:
2533:
2530:
2529:
2525:
2522:
2521:
2517:
2514:
2513:
2509:
2508:
2506:
2504:
2500:
2493:
2492:
2488:
2485:
2484:
2480:
2477:
2476:
2472:
2469:
2468:
2464:
2461:
2460:
2456:
2453:
2452:
2448:
2445:
2444:
2440:
2437:
2436:
2432:
2429:
2428:
2424:
2423:
2421:
2419:
2413:
2409:
2402:
2401:
2397:
2394:
2393:
2389:
2386:
2385:
2381:
2378:
2377:
2373:
2372:
2370:
2368:
2363:
2359:
2352:
2351:
2347:
2344:
2340:
2339:
2335:
2332:
2331:
2330:Bond v. Floyd
2327:
2324:
2320:
2319:
2315:
2312:
2311:
2307:
2304:
2303:
2299:
2296:
2295:
2291:
2288:
2287:
2283:
2280:
2279:
2275:
2272:
2271:
2267:
2264:
2263:
2259:
2256:
2255:
2251:
2248:
2247:
2243:
2240:
2237:
2236:
2234:
2232:
2227:
2223:
2220:
2218:
2212:
2208:
2202:
2197:
2192:
2188:
2169:
2168:
2164:
2161:
2160:
2159:Holt v. Hobbs
2156:
2153:
2152:
2148:
2147:
2145:
2143:
2139:
2132:
2131:
2127:
2124:
2123:
2119:
2116:
2115:
2111:
2108:
2107:
2103:
2100:
2099:
2095:
2094:
2092:
2090:
2086:
2083:
2079:
2072:
2071:
2067:
2064:
2063:
2059:
2056:
2055:
2051:
2050:
2048:
2046:
2042:
2035:
2034:
2030:
2027:
2026:
2022:
2019:
2018:
2014:
2011:
2010:
2006:
2005:
2003:
1997:
1990:
1989:
1985:
1982:
1981:
1977:
1974:
1973:
1969:
1966:
1965:
1961:
1958:
1957:
1953:
1950:
1949:
1945:
1942:
1941:
1937:
1934:
1933:
1929:
1926:
1925:
1921:
1918:
1917:
1913:
1910:
1909:
1905:
1902:
1901:
1897:
1894:
1893:
1889:
1886:
1885:
1881:
1878:
1877:
1873:
1870:
1869:
1865:
1862:
1861:
1857:
1854:
1853:
1849:
1846:
1845:
1841:
1838:
1837:
1833:
1830:
1829:
1825:
1822:
1821:
1817:
1814:
1813:
1809:
1806:
1805:
1801:
1798:
1797:
1793:
1790:
1789:
1785:
1782:
1781:
1777:
1774:
1773:
1769:
1766:
1765:
1761:
1758:
1757:
1753:
1750:
1749:
1745:
1742:
1741:
1737:
1734:
1733:
1729:
1726:
1725:
1721:
1718:
1717:
1713:
1712:
1709:
1705:
1700:
1696:
1681:
1680:
1676:
1673:
1672:
1668:
1665:
1664:
1660:
1657:
1656:
1652:
1649:
1648:
1644:
1641:
1640:
1636:
1633:
1632:
1628:
1625:
1624:
1620:
1617:
1616:
1612:
1611:
1609:
1605:
1598:
1597:
1593:
1590:
1589:
1585:
1582:
1581:
1577:
1574:
1573:
1569:
1568:
1566:
1562:
1555:
1554:
1550:
1547:
1546:
1542:
1539:
1538:
1534:
1531:
1530:
1526:
1525:
1523:
1519:
1512:
1511:
1507:
1504:
1503:
1502:Jones v. Wolf
1499:
1496:
1495:
1491:
1488:
1487:
1483:
1480:
1479:
1475:
1472:
1471:
1467:
1464:
1463:
1459:
1456:
1455:
1451:
1448:
1447:
1443:
1442:
1440:
1436:
1429:
1428:
1424:
1421:
1420:
1416:
1413:
1412:
1408:
1405:
1404:
1400:
1397:
1396:
1392:
1389:
1388:
1384:
1383:
1381:
1377:
1370:
1369:
1365:
1362:
1361:
1357:
1354:
1353:
1349:
1346:
1345:
1341:
1338:
1337:
1333:
1330:
1329:
1325:
1322:
1321:
1317:
1314:
1313:
1309:
1306:
1305:
1301:
1298:
1297:
1293:
1290:
1289:
1285:
1282:
1281:
1277:
1274:
1273:
1269:
1268:
1266:
1260:
1253:
1252:
1248:
1245:
1244:
1240:
1237:
1236:
1232:
1229:
1228:
1224:
1221:
1220:
1216:
1213:
1212:
1208:
1205:
1204:
1200:
1197:
1196:
1192:
1189:
1188:
1184:
1181:
1180:
1176:
1173:
1172:
1168:
1165:
1164:
1160:
1157:
1156:
1152:
1149:
1148:
1144:
1141:
1140:
1136:
1133:
1132:
1128:
1125:
1124:
1120:
1117:
1116:
1112:
1109:
1108:
1104:
1101:
1100:
1096:
1093:
1092:
1088:
1085:
1084:
1080:
1077:
1076:
1072:
1069:
1068:
1064:
1061:
1060:
1056:
1053:
1052:
1048:
1045:
1044:
1040:
1037:
1036:
1032:
1029:
1028:
1024:
1021:
1020:
1016:
1013:
1012:
1008:
1005:
1004:
1000:
999:
997:
993:
986:
985:
981:
978:
977:
973:
970:
969:
965:
962:
961:
957:
954:
953:
949:
946:
945:
941:
938:
937:
933:
930:
929:
925:
924:
922:
916:
909:
908:
904:
901:
900:
896:
893:
892:
888:
885:
884:
880:
877:
876:
872:
869:
868:
864:
861:
860:
856:
853:
852:
848:
845:
844:
840:
837:
836:
832:
831:
829:
823:
819:
815:
810:
806:
801:
794:
789:
787:
782:
780:
775:
774:
771:
762:
753:
744:
735:
734:CourtListener
728:
724:
720:
716:
715:
711:
704:
698:
696:
693:
692:
688:
680:
677:
673:
669:
664:
661:
657:
654:
650:
646:
641:
638:
625:
621:
615:
612:
608:
605:
601:
597:
592:
589:
585:
582:
578:
574:
569:
566:
562:
559:
555:
551:
546:
543:
539:
536:
532:
528:
523:
520:
516:
513:
509:
505:
500:
497:
493:
490:
486:
482:
477:
474:
467:
463:
460:
459:
455:
453:
450:
445:
443:
439:
435:
431:
426:
424:
423:
418:
412:
407:
404:
401:
400:Chief Justice
394:
392:
390:
386:
382:
378:
374:
370:
366:
361:
357:
355:
354:
348:
346:
342:
339:In 1994, the
334:
332:
330:
324:
322:
318:
317:Massachusetts
314:
310:
306:
305:
296:
292:
287:
283:
279:
275:
271:
267:
263:
260:Case opinions
258:
253:
249:
245:
241:
237:
233:
229:
225:
221:
217:
213:
209:
206:
203:
201:
198:
196:Chief Justice
195:
194:
192:
187:
181:
176:
172:
168:
164:
161:
157:
154:
150:
146:
142:
139:
135:
131:
128:
124:
120:
115:
112:
111:Oral argument
109:
105:
100:
96:
90:
89:
84:
80:
76:
73:
70:
66:
63:
61:
57:
52:
48:
41:
37:
27:
22:
16:
6374:
6366:
6358:
6350:
6342:
6334:
6326:
6318:
6310:
6302:
6294:
6286:
6278:
6270:
6262:
6225:
6217:
6209:
6201:
6193:
6185:
6177:
6169:
6150:
6142:
6134:
6126:
6118:
6110:
6102:
6094:
6077:In re Primus
6075:
6069:Solicitation
6056:
6037:
6029:
6021:
6013:
6005:
5997:
5953:
5945:
5937:
5916:
5908:
5862:
5854:
5846:
5827:
5819:
5811:
5803:
5795:
5787:
5768:
5760:
5752:
5744:
5736:
5728:
5720:
5712:
5704:
5696:
5688:
5680:
5672:
5651:
5643:
5635:
5627:
5619:
5611:
5603:Taxation and
5590:
5582:
5574:
5555:
5547:
5539:
5531:
5523:
5515:
5507:
5499:
5491:
5483:
5475:
5467:
5416:
5408:
5400:
5392:
5384:
5376:
5357:
5349:
5330:
5322:
5314:
5306:
5298:
5292:Wood v. Moss
5290:
5282:
5274:
5253:
5245:
5237:
5229:
5221:
5215:State action
5202:
5194:
5186:
5178:
5170:
5162:
5154:
5135:
5127:
5119:
5111:
5103:
5095:
5087:
5079:
5073:Davis v. FEC
5071:
5063:
5055:
5047:
5039:
5031:
5023:
5015:
5007:
4999:
4991:
4983:
4975:
4967:
4959:
4951:
4943:
4935:
4927:
4904:
4896:
4888:
4882:Matal v. Tam
4880:
4872:
4864:
4856:
4848:
4840:
4832:
4824:
4816:
4808:
4800:
4792:
4784:
4776:
4768:
4760:
4752:
4744:
4736:
4728:
4720:
4712:
4704:
4696:
4688:
4680:
4672:
4664:
4656:
4648:
4640:
4634:In re R.M.J.
4632:
4624:
4616:
4608:
4600:
4592:
4586:In re Primus
4584:
4576:
4568:
4560:
4552:
4544:
4536:
4528:
4520:
4512:
4504:
4483:
4475:
4467:
4459:
4451:
4443:
4435:
4427:
4419:
4411:
4403:
4395:
4387:
4379:
4358:
4350:
4342:
4334:
4328:similar laws
4310:
4302:
4294:
4286:
4278:
4270:
4262:
4254:
4246:
4238:
4230:
4222:
4214:
4206:
4198:
4190:
4182:
4174:
4166:
4158:
4139:
4131:
4123:
4115:
4107:
4099:
4091:
4083:
4075:
4067:
4059:
4047:
4039:
4031:
4010:
4002:
3994:
3986:
3978:
3957:
3949:
3941:
3933:
3927:Matal v. Tam
3925:
3917:
3909:
3886:
3878:
3870:
3862:
3854:
3846:
3821:
3813:
3794:
3786:
3778:
3770:
3762:
3754:
3746:
3738:
3730:
3722:
3714:
3706:
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2503:True threats
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2441:
2433:
2425:
2398:
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2382:
2374:
2367:false speech
2348:
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2313:(1955; 1961)
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2128:
2120:
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2052:
2031:
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2015:
2007:
1986:
1978:
1970:
1962:
1954:
1946:
1938:
1930:
1922:
1914:
1906:
1898:
1892:Bowen v. Roy
1890:
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1836:Cruz v. Beto
1834:
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833:
718:
681: (2014).
679:464, 511-512
667:
663:
658: (2014).
656:464, 509-510
644:
640:
628:. Retrieved
623:
614:
609: (2014).
595:
591:
586: (2014).
572:
568:
563: (2014).
549:
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540: (2014).
526:
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503:
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494: (2014).
480:
476:
449:Samuel Alito
446:
427:
420:
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409:
403:John Roberts
398:
391:Amendments.
362:
358:
351:
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338:
325:
321:buffer zones
303:
302:
301:
289:Laws applied
247:
240:Samuel Alito
235:
223:
211:
200:John Roberts
117:Case history
86:
53:
15:
6368:Doe v. Reed
5549:Lowe v. SEC
5196:Doe v. Reed
2967:Overbreadth
2760:(Cal. 1988)
2215:Unprotected
1262:Religion in
630:January 25,
371:clinics in
343:passed the
281:Concurrence
273:Concurrence
252:Elena Kagan
153:F. Supp. 2d
127:F. Supp. 2d
6397:Categories
5665:Defamation
5605:privileges
5460:censorship
3902:as speaker
3900:Government
3431:Designated
2362:Defamation
2226:Incitement
920:exemptions
624:SCOTUSblog
468:References
389:Fourteenth
383:under the
367:" outside
335:Background
99:U.S. LEXIS
97:502; 2014
68:Docket no.
4324:Hatch Act
3468:Nonpublic
2971:Vagueness
2548:Obscenity
1564:Blue laws
417:viewpoint
377:Worcester
184:remanded.
95:L. Ed. 2d
78:Citations
5343:Boycotts
2231:sedition
802:case law
717:Text of
607:464, 485
584:464, 495
561:464, 494
538:464, 490
515:464, 471
492:464, 470
456:See also
447:Justice
428:Justice
265:Majority
145:1st Cir.
134:D. Mass.
107:Argument
62:, et al.
5568:Privacy
5370:Prisons
4052:(1969,
2341:(1969,
2321:(1957,
178:Holding
147:2009);
72:12-1168
6379:(2011)
6371:(2010)
6363:(2002)
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6347:(1988)
6339:(1985)
6331:(1979)
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6099:(1984)
6080:(1978)
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5958:(2021)
5950:(1945)
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5851:(1977)
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5311:(2019)
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4363:(1973)
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4347:(1947)
4339:(1882)
4315:(2022)
4307:(2016)
4299:(2014)
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3983:(1950)
3962:(2024)
3954:(2022)
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3938:(2019)
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3922:(2015)
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3891:(2020)
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3859:(1991)
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3818:(1944)
3799:(2018)
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3626:(2023)
3618:(2018)
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3602:(1995)
3594:(1986)
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3295:(1963)
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3255:(1897)
3240:In the
3232:(2017)
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2584:(1958)
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2560:(1896)
2539:(2023)
2531:(2015)
2523:(2003)
2515:(1969)
2494:(2011)
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2430:(1940)
2403:(2014)
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2379:(1964)
2353:(1973)
2333:(1966)
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2201:portal
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2142:RLUIPA
2133:(2020)
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2073:(2020)
2065:(2012)
2057:(1979)
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2028:(2020)
2020:(2017)
2012:(2004)
1991:(2022)
1983:(2021)
1975:(2021)
1967:(2020)
1959:(2018)
1951:(2002)
1943:(1993)
1935:(1990)
1927:(1989)
1919:(1989)
1911:(1987)
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1895:(1986)
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1855:(1978)
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1815:(1961)
1807:(1961)
1799:(1953)
1791:(1951)
1783:(1951)
1775:(1946)
1767:(1944)
1759:(1943)
1751:(1943)
1743:(1940)
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1727:(1890)
1719:(1879)
1682:(2018)
1674:(1994)
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1658:(1988)
1650:(1982)
1642:(1982)
1634:(1980)
1626:(1978)
1618:(1961)
1599:(1985)
1591:(1961)
1583:(1961)
1575:(1961)
1556:(2011)
1548:(2007)
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1532:(1968)
1513:(2020)
1505:(1979)
1497:(1976)
1489:(1969)
1481:(1960)
1473:(1952)
1465:(1944)
1457:(1929)
1449:(1872)
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1422:(2022)
1414:(2001)
1406:(1995)
1398:(1995)
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1371:(2022)
1363:(2004)
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1347:(1992)
1339:(1990)
1331:(1987)
1323:(1985)
1315:(1980)
1307:(1968)
1299:(1963)
1291:(1962)
1283:(1952)
1275:(1948)
1254:(2022)
1246:(2020)
1238:(2017)
1230:(2011)
1222:(2002)
1214:(2000)
1206:(1997)
1198:(1994)
1190:(1993)
1182:(1986)
1174:(1985)
1166:(1985)
1158:(1983)
1150:(1982)
1142:(1980)
1134:(1977)
1126:(1977)
1118:(1976)
1110:(1975)
1102:(1974)
1094:(1974)
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1078:(1973)
1070:(1973)
1062:(1973)
1054:(1973)
1046:(1971)
1038:(1971)
1030:(1968)
1022:(1968)
1014:(1947)
1006:(1930)
987:(2005)
979:(1997)
971:(1989)
963:(1987)
955:(1985)
947:(1983)
939:(1982)
931:(1970)
910:(2019)
902:(2014)
894:(2010)
886:(2009)
878:(2005)
870:(2005)
862:(1989)
854:(1985)
846:(1984)
838:(1983)
764:
758:
755:
749:
746:
743:Justia
740:
737:
731:
670:,
647:,
598:,
575:,
552:,
529:,
506:,
483:,
379:, and
373:Boston
250:
248:·
246:
238:
236:·
234:
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224:·
222:
214:
212:·
210:
3470:forum
1607:Other
725:
674:
651:
602:
579:
556:
533:
510:
487:
385:First
169:
122:Prior
85:464 (
5458:and
2416:the
2229:and
2089:RFRA
727:U.S.
676:U.S.
653:U.S.
632:2021
604:U.S.
581:U.S.
558:U.S.
535:U.S.
512:U.S.
489:U.S.
436:and
387:and
171:U.S.
160:F.3d
149:cert
138:F.3d
101:4499
88:more
83:U.S.
81:573
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634:.
163:1
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91:)
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